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2011 National Household Survey: Data tables

Tabulation: Income and Earnings Statistics in 2010 (16), Age Groups (8C), Sex (3), Work activity in 2010 (3), Highest Certificate, Diploma or Degree (6) and Selected Sociocultural Characteristics (60) for the Population Aged 15 Years and Over in Private Households of Canada, Provinces, Territories and Census Metropolitan Areas, 2011 National Household Survey

Data table

Select data categories for this table

Geography Geographic index

Age groups (8C)

Sex (3)

Work activity in 2010 (3)

Highest certificate, diploma or degree (6)^{Footnote 1}

This table details income and earnings statistics in 2010 , age groups , sex , work activity in 2010 , highest certificate, diploma or degree and selected sociocultural characteristics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households in Toronto
Global non-response rate (GNR)^{Footnote 2} = 25.4 %
Selected sociocultural characteristics (60)	Income and earnings statistics in 2010 (16)
Selected sociocultural characteristics (60)	Total - Income statistics in 2010^Footnote 3	Without income	With income	Median income^Footnote 4	Average income^Footnote 5	Without after-tax income	With after-tax income	Median after-tax income^Footnote 6	Average after-tax income^Footnote 7	Total - Employment income statistics in 2010^Footnote 8	With employment income	Median employment income^Footnote 9	Average employment income^Footnote 10	With wages and salaries	Median wages and salaries^Footnote 11	Average wages and salaries^Footnote 12
Total - Population by Aboriginal identity	4,546,140	280,265	4,265,880	29,593	44,462	280,980	4,265,165	27,390	36,464	4,546,140	3,101,480	34,647	48,010	2,848,205	36,362	48,669
Aboriginal identity^{Footnote 13}	28,880	2,095	26,780	27,388	38,056	2,100	26,775	25,408	32,008	28,880	19,450	33,452	41,919	18,365	34,977	42,469
First Nations (North American Indian) single identity^{Footnote 14}	18,245	1,410	16,835	26,573	37,615	1,410	16,835	24,917	31,636	18,240	11,835	33,294	42,241	11,275	34,654	42,854
Métis single identity	8,275	540	7,735	28,059	37,046	540	7,740	25,989	31,403	8,275	5,930	34,072	40,176	5,575	35,902	41,192
Inuk (Inuit) single identity	460	50	420	29,420	38,591	50	415	27,842	33,511	460	335	34,180	41,062	315	36,127	42,592
Multiple Aboriginal identities^{Footnote 15}	365	25	345	21,696	34,028	25	345	20,256	28,609	365	220	26,633	40,757	210	31,852	42,160
Aboriginal identities not included elsewhere^{Footnote 16}	1,530	85	1,445	33,200	49,409	85	1,445	30,364	39,970	1,530	1,125	33,912	48,192	990	34,029	45,307
Non-Aboriginal identity	4,517,260	278,160	4,239,100	29,607	44,502	278,880	4,238,385	27,404	36,492	4,517,265	3,082,030	34,655	48,049	2,829,840	36,373	48,709
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status^{Footnote 17}	4,546,140	280,260	4,265,880	29,593	44,462	280,975	4,265,165	27,390	36,464	4,546,140	3,101,480	34,647	48,010	2,848,205	36,362	48,669
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Footnote 18}	9,965	570	9,395	26,476	36,211	570	9,395	24,912	30,923	9,970	6,500	31,153	39,739	6,135	31,791	39,262
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	4,536,175	279,690	4,256,480	29,600	44,480	280,405	4,255,765	27,396	36,476	4,536,175	3,094,980	34,654	48,028	2,842,075	36,373	48,689
Total - Population by Aboriginal ancestry^{Footnote 19}	4,546,140	280,260	4,265,880	29,593	44,462	280,980	4,265,165	27,390	36,464	4,546,145	3,101,480	34,647	48,010	2,848,205	36,362	48,669
Aboriginal ancestry^{Footnote 20}	50,130	3,470	46,655	29,896	41,440	3,475	46,655	27,316	34,399	50,125	36,210	34,946	44,858	34,125	36,157	45,620
First Nations (North American Indian) ancestry^{Footnote 21}	40,080	2,910	37,170	28,948	40,577	2,915	37,165	26,788	33,696	40,085	28,455	34,525	44,078	26,815	35,851	44,783
Métis ancestry	10,040	575	9,460	32,863	44,097	575	9,465	29,786	36,570	10,035	7,645	37,108	47,129	7,170	38,889	47,987
Inuit ancestry	960	55	905	27,640	42,126	55	905	25,031	35,265	965	755	29,207	44,679	725	31,202	45,496
Non-Aboriginal ancestry only^{Footnote 22}	4,496,015	276,790	4,219,225	29,589	44,495	277,505	4,218,510	27,391	36,487	4,496,015	3,065,265	34,642	48,047	2,814,080	36,364	48,706
Total - Generation status^{Footnote 23}	4,546,140	280,260	4,265,880	29,593	44,462	280,980	4,265,160	27,390	36,464	4,546,145	3,101,475	34,647	48,010	2,848,205	36,362	48,669
First generation^{Footnote 24}	2,507,130	129,520	2,377,615	26,077	38,126	130,025	2,377,105	24,705	32,235	2,507,130	1,602,560	32,055	42,741	1,454,710	34,614	44,188
Second generation^{Footnote 25}	1,004,795	96,020	908,770	33,909	49,236	96,135	908,660	30,695	39,590	1,004,795	722,640	36,801	50,772	675,115	38,020	50,387
Third generation or more^{Footnote 26}	1,034,215	54,725	979,490	36,968	55,413	54,820	979,395	33,147	43,827	1,034,215	776,280	38,811	56,316	718,380	40,086	56,130
Total - Population by visible minority^{Footnote 27}	4,546,140	280,265	4,265,880	29,593	44,462	280,980	4,265,160	27,390	36,464	4,546,140	3,101,475	34,647	48,010	2,848,210	36,362	48,669
Total visible minority population^{Footnote 28}	2,058,780	170,195	1,888,590	23,427	33,847	170,450	1,888,335	22,419	29,090	2,058,785	1,348,005	29,587	38,329	1,252,250	31,040	39,296
South Asian^{Footnote 29}	639,660	55,855	583,805	23,024	33,784	56,030	583,635	22,157	29,066	639,660	421,515	28,510	38,039	389,635	30,088	39,103
Chinese	451,450	32,575	418,870	22,008	35,174	32,640	418,810	21,284	29,917	451,450	284,255	31,129	41,670	261,615	33,416	42,713
Black	299,005	24,930	274,075	25,718	33,136	24,915	274,090	24,422	28,926	299,005	195,345	30,106	36,097	184,540	31,736	37,032
Filipino	185,955	14,375	171,570	27,944	34,164	14,375	171,575	25,848	29,655	185,950	139,400	30,325	35,872	135,565	30,907	36,187
Latin American	97,735	7,990	89,745	23,913	32,217	7,995	89,740	22,805	28,041	97,735	67,195	28,530	35,479	62,080	30,015	36,524
Arab	58,255	5,535	52,720	20,706	35,431	5,540	52,715	20,068	29,790	58,255	34,725	28,442	42,848	31,410	30,131	43,886
Southeast Asian^{Footnote 30}	73,900	5,680	68,220	23,050	32,008	5,680	68,225	21,925	27,614	73,900	48,555	29,422	36,834	45,610	30,434	37,508
West Asian^{Footnote 31}	79,080	8,005	71,075	17,704	30,325	8,010	71,065	17,383	25,907	79,080	46,760	23,997	36,835	41,145	26,414	38,748
Korean	52,395	4,870	47,520	17,374	29,981	4,875	47,520	17,184	25,582	52,390	29,970	23,390	37,824	25,120	27,301	40,679
Japanese	16,585	1,055	15,525	33,579	48,696	1,055	15,520	30,468	39,374	16,585	10,410	39,435	54,918	9,435	41,350	55,945
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Footnote 32}	54,450	4,205	50,245	25,300	32,754	4,210	50,240	23,935	28,510	54,445	35,990	30,493	36,451	34,065	31,924	37,405
Multiple visible minorities^{Footnote 33}	50,320	5,110	45,210	24,249	35,349	5,115	45,205	22,909	29,901	50,320	33,880	29,978	39,453	32,020	31,076	40,082
Not a visible minority^{Footnote 34}	2,487,360	110,070	2,377,290	35,588	52,895	110,530	2,376,830	32,111	42,322	2,487,360	1,753,470	39,520	55,453	1,595,955	41,335	56,023
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration^{Footnote 35}	4,546,140	280,260	4,265,880	29,593	44,462	280,975	4,265,165	27,390	36,464	4,546,140	3,101,480	34,647	48,010	2,848,205	36,362	48,669
Non-immigrants^{Footnote 36}	2,047,970	151,300	1,896,665	35,586	52,466	151,510	1,896,460	31,999	41,807	2,047,970	1,505,730	37,900	53,677	1,399,725	39,273	53,371
Immigrants^{Footnote 37}	2,416,425	122,190	2,294,235	26,512	38,397	122,705	2,293,720	25,073	32,487	2,416,425	1,550,785	32,364	42,787	1,405,580	34,916	44,284
Before 1981	686,700	9,725	676,970	31,789	47,338	9,995	676,705	29,398	39,075	686,700	364,815	39,989	53,595	321,525	43,086	55,827
1981 to 1990	393,365	6,660	386,710	31,535	42,159	6,785	386,580	29,177	35,519	393,365	283,965	38,872	47,808	258,630	40,706	49,414
1991 to 2000	659,920	29,040	630,885	25,232	35,113	29,100	630,820	23,961	30,195	659,925	461,890	31,790	40,087	422,935	33,982	41,593
2001 to 2009	600,840	49,860	550,975	21,059	30,063	49,900	550,940	20,389	26,143	600,840	410,185	24,565	33,879	374,515	26,347	35,107
2001 to 2005	359,915	27,070	332,845	23,199	32,237	27,075	332,835	22,170	27,923	359,915	253,060	27,322	36,024	230,650	29,674	37,460
2006 to 2009	240,925	22,790	218,130	18,206	26,746	22,820	218,100	17,865	23,426	240,920	157,120	21,141	30,426	143,865	22,319	31,334
Total - Mother tongue^{Footnote 38}	4,546,145	280,260	4,265,880	29,593	44,462	280,975	4,265,165	27,390	36,464	4,546,140	3,101,475	34,647	48,010	2,848,205	36,362	48,669
English	2,301,205	141,150	2,160,060	34,842	51,367	141,375	2,159,830	31,468	41,165	2,301,205	1,661,220	37,366	52,974	1,539,530	38,845	52,896
French	56,805	2,395	54,410	41,651	58,530	2,400	54,400	37,019	45,846	56,800	41,455	47,058	62,252	38,165	49,042	64,134
Non-official language	2,074,560	126,800	1,947,760	24,881	36,776	127,245	1,947,315	23,688	31,236	2,074,560	1,319,660	31,183	41,742	1,196,480	33,781	43,189
Aboriginal	550	0	545	20,216	30,828	0	540	20,216	27,227	555	335	30,995	34,926	305	35,951	37,564
Non-Aboriginal	2,074,005	126,790	1,947,220	24,882	36,778	127,235	1,946,775	23,689	31,237	2,074,010	1,319,325	31,184	41,744	1,196,170	33,780	43,190
English and French	3,100	260	2,845	27,674	38,851	260	2,840	25,150	32,741	3,100	2,045	32,482	41,791	1,905	36,866	43,567
English and non-official language	105,185	9,285	95,900	27,155	37,506	9,320	95,865	25,503	31,730	105,185	73,675	32,060	40,767	69,010	33,408	41,175
French and non-official language	4,440	285	4,155	30,212	40,417	285	4,160	27,949	33,936	4,440	2,900	36,630	44,858	2,645	40,136	46,726
English, French and non-official language	845	95	755	19,728	28,027	90	760	19,350	24,647	845	520	23,552	30,840	475	23,057	30,938
Total - First official language spoken^{Footnote 39}	4,546,140	280,265	4,265,880	29,593	44,462	280,975	4,265,160	27,390	36,464	4,546,140	3,101,480	34,647	48,010	2,848,210	36,362	48,669
English	4,251,580	259,585	3,992,000	30,761	45,451	260,230	3,991,355	28,413	37,193	4,251,585	2,974,675	34,926	48,324	2,736,030	36,699	48,900
French	61,710	2,850	58,855	40,381	56,613	2,860	58,855	36,118	44,569	61,710	44,395	46,011	60,692	40,890	48,272	62,535
English and French	36,465	4,415	32,045	23,834	37,964	4,430	32,030	22,874	31,847	36,460	23,225	30,910	42,230	21,180	33,114	42,572
Neither English nor French	196,390	13,410	182,980	16,484	20,107	13,460	182,930	16,438	18,757	196,385	59,180	18,007	25,003	50,110	20,781	27,349

Symbol(s)

Symbol ..

not available for a specific reference period

Symbol ...

not applicable

...

Symbol x

suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Symbol F

too unreliable to be published

Footnote(s)

Footnote 1

'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' refers to the highest certificate, diploma or degree completed based on a hierarchy which is generally related to the amount of time spent 'in-class.' For postsecondary completers, a university education is considered to be a higher level of schooling than a college education, while a college education is considered to be a higher level of education than in the trades. Although some trades requirements may take as long or longer to complete than a given college or university program, the majority of time is spent in on-the-job paid training and less time is spent in the classroom.

For further definitions, refer to the National Household Survey Dictionary, Catalogue no. 99-000-X. For any comments on collection, dissemination or data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

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Footnote 2

For the 2011 National Household Survey (NHS) estimates, the global non-response rate (GNR) is used as an indicator of data quality. This indicator combines complete non-response (household) and partial non-response (question) into a single rate. The value of the GNR is presented to users. A smaller GNR indicates a lower risk of non-response bias and as a result, lower risk of inaccuracy. The threshold used for estimates' suppression is a GNR of 50% or more. For more information, please refer to the National Household Survey User Guide, 2011.

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Footnote 3

Total income - Total income refers to monetary receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during calendar year 2010. It includes employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities); income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, employment insurance, old age security pension, Canada or Quebec pension plan benefits and disability income; income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and RRIFs; income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, GICs and mutual funds; and other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. It excludes one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump sum insurance settlements, capital gains and RRSP withdrawals. Capital gains are excluded because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are less likely to be fully spent in the period in which they are received, unlike income that is regular and recurring. Also excluded are employer's contributions to registered pension plans, Canada and Quebec pension plans, and employment insurance. Finally, voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter, and goods produced for own consumption are excluded from this total income definition.

After-tax income - Refers to total income from all sources minus federal, provincial and territorial income taxes paid for 2010.

Median income of individuals - The median income of a specified group of income recipients is that amount which divides their income size distribution into two halves, i.e., the incomes of the first half of individuals are below the median, while those of the second half are above the median. Median income is calculated from the individuals with income in that group (e.g., males aged 45 to 54).

Average income of individuals - Average income of individuals refers to the weighted mean total income of individuals aged 15 years and over who reported income for 2010. Average income is calculated from unrounded data by dividing the aggregate income of a specified group of individuals (e.g., males aged 45 to 54) by the number of individuals with income in that group.

Median and average incomes of individuals will be calculated for those individuals who are at least 15 years of age and who have an income (positive or negative).

These statistics can be derived for after-tax income, earnings, wages and salaries, or any other particular source of income in the same manner.

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Footnote 4

For population with income.

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Footnote 5

For population with income.

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Footnote 6

For population with after-tax income.

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Footnote 7

For population with after-tax income.

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Footnote 8

Earnings or employment income - Refers to total income received by persons aged 15 years and over during calendar year 2010 as wages and salaries, net income from a non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice, and/or net farm self-employment income.

Wages and salaries - Refers to gross wages and salaries before deductions for such items as income tax, pensions and Employment Insurance. Included in this source are military pay and allowances, tips, commissions and cash bonuses, benefits from wage-loss replacement plans or income-maintenance insurance plans, supplementary unemployment benefits from an employer or union as well as all types of casual earnings during calendar year 2010. Other employment income such as taxable benefits, research grants and royalties are included.

Net farm income - Refers to net income (gross receipts from farm sales minus depreciation and cost of operation) received during calendar year 2010 from the operation of a farm, either on the respondent's own account or in partnership. In the case of partnerships, only the respondent's share of income was reported. Included with gross receipts are cash advances received in 2010, dividends from cooperatives, rebates and farm-support payments to farmers from federal, provincial and regional agricultural programs (for example, milk subsidies and marketing board payments) and gross insurance proceeds such as payments from the AgriInvest and AgriStability programs. The value of income 'in kind,' such as agricultural products produced and consumed on the farm, is excluded.

Net non-farm income from unincorporated business and/or professional practice - Refers to net income (gross receipts minus expenses of operation such as wages, rents and depreciation) received during calendar year 2010 from the respondent's non-farm unincorporated business or professional practice. In the case of partnerships, only the respondent's share was reported. Also included is net income from persons babysitting in their own homes, persons providing room and board to non-relatives, self-employed fishers, hunters and trappers, operators of direct distributorships such as those selling and delivering cosmetics, as well as freelance activities of artists, writers, music teachers, hairdressers, dressmakers, etc.

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Footnote 9

For population with employment income.

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Footnote 10

For population with employment income.

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Footnote 11

For population with wages and salaries.

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Footnote 12

For population with wages and salaries.

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Footnote 13

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who reported being an Aboriginal person, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who reported Registered or Treaty Indian status, that is registered under the Indian Act of Canada, and/or those who reported membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 14

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the National Household Survey (NHS). In 2011, there were a total of 36 Indian reserves and Indian settlements that were 'incompletely enumerated' in the NHS. For these reserves or settlements, NHS enumeration was either not permitted or was interrupted before it could be completed, or was not possible because of natural events (specifically forest fires in Northern Ontario). For additional information, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, National Household Survey, 2011.

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Footnote 15

'Multiple Aboriginal identities' includes persons who reported being any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 16

'Aboriginal identities not included elsewhere' includes persons who did not report being First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who did report Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 17

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Footnote 18

Registered or Treaty Indian Status refers to whether or not a person reported being a Registered or Treaty Indian.
'Registered or Treaty Indian' includes persons who reported being a Registered or Treaty Indian in Question 20. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 19

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ancestries in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ancestry (ethnic origin) in the NHS.

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Footnote 20

'Aboriginal ancestry' includes persons who reported one or more than one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry in Question 17, either with or without also reporting a non-Aboriginal ancestry. The sum of the categories 'First Nations (North American Indian) ancestry', 'Métis ancestry' and 'Inuit ancestry' is thus greater than the sum of the total for 'Aboriginal ancestry' because persons who reported more than one Aboriginal ancestry are included in the response category for each Aboriginal ancestry they reported. All respondents with Aboriginal ancestry are counted in at least one of the categories 'First Nations (North American Indian) ancestry,' 'Métis ancestry' and 'Inuit ancestry' and also in the category 'Aboriginal ancestry.'
Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the respondent's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

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Footnote 21

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Footnote 22

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry only' includes persons who did not report First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry in Question 17.

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Footnote 23

Generation status
Part A - Short definition
Not applicable
Part B - Detailed definition
Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada. It identifies persons as being first generation, second generation or third generation or more.

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Footnote 24

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or have ever been, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 25

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 26

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 27

Visible minority
Part A - Short definition
Not applicable
Part B - Detailed definition
Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.' The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

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Footnote 28

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 29

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan,' etc.

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Footnote 30

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Malaysian,' 'Laotian,' etc.

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Footnote 31

For example, 'Iranian,' 'Afghan,' etc.

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Footnote 32

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes respondents who reported a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 33

Includes respondents who reported more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in circles, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 34

Includes respondents who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal identity question (Question 18) as well as respondents who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 35

Immigrant status refers to whether the respondent is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Non-immigrant refers to a person who is a Canadian citizen by birth.

Immigrant refers to a person who is or has ever been a landed immigrant/permanent resident. This person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Some immigrants have resided in Canada for a number of years, while others have arrived recently. Some immigrants are Canadian citizens, while others are not. Most immigrants are born outside Canada, but a small number are born in Canada. In the 2011 National Household Survey, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

Non-permanent resident refers to a person from another country who has a work or study permit or who is a refugee claimant, and any non-Canadian-born family member living in Canada with them.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained his or her landed immigrant/permanent resident status.

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Non-permanent residents are not included elsewhere in this table.

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Footnote 36

Non-immigrant refers to a person who is a Canadian citizen by birth.

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Footnote 37

Immigrant refers to a person who is or has ever been a landed immigrant/permanent resident. This person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Some immigrants have resided in Canada for a number of years, while others have arrived recently. Some immigrants are Canadian citizens, while others are not. Most immigrants are born outside Canada, but a small number are born in Canada. In the 2011 National Household Survey, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

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The income data for the National Household Survey are for the year 2010. By agreement, landed immigrants who arrived in Canada between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2011 have an income equal to zero. It is also possible that landed immigrants who arrived during the course of the year 2010 did not have a complete year of applicable revenues. Consequently, these two groups of immigrants are excluded from the detailed distribution by period of immigration. They are, however included in the category 'Immigrants.'

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Footnote 38

Refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the individual on May 10, 2011.

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Footnote 39

First official language spoken
Part A - Short definition
Not applicable
Part B - Detailed definition
Refers to a variable specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2011 National Household Survey, Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 99-014-X2011041.

Date modified:: 2019-01-23

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