Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	LabradorMore information: Newfoundland and Labrador [Federal electoral district (2023 Representation Order)] Remove						Newfoundland and LabradorMore information: [Province] Remove
	Counts			Rates			Counts			Rates
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	..	...	...	...	...	...	510,550	...	...	...	...	...
Population, 2016¹	..	...	...	...	...	...	519,716	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	..	...	...	...	...	...	- 1.8	...	...	- 1.8	...	...
Total private dwellings²	..	...	...	...	...	...	269,184	...	...	...	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	..	...	...	...	...	...	223,253	...	...	...	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	..	...	...	...	...	...	1.4	...	...	1.4	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	..	...	...	...	...	...	358,170.37	...	...	...	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	26,655	13,505	13,155	100.0	100.0	100.0	510,550	250,075	260,475	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	5,110	2,555	2,555	19.2	18.9	19.4	68,190	35,050	33,140	13.4	14.0	12.7
0 to 4 years	1,500	750	745	5.6	5.6	5.7	18,985	9,760	9,225	3.7	3.9	3.5
5 to 9 years	1,790	870	920	6.7	6.4	7.0	23,030	11,750	11,280	4.5	4.7	4.3
10 to 14 years	1,825	940	890	6.8	7.0	6.8	26,175	13,535	12,640	5.1	5.4	4.9
15 to 64 years	18,100	9,255	8,845	67.9	68.5	67.2	321,750	158,345	163,405	63.0	63.3	62.7
15 to 19 years	1,600	840	760	6.0	6.2	5.8	25,720	13,275	12,445	5.0	5.3	4.8
20 to 24 years	1,610	870	745	6.0	6.4	5.7	26,075	13,555	12,515	5.1	5.4	4.8
25 to 29 years	1,660	860	805	6.2	6.4	6.1	25,045	12,610	12,440	4.9	5.0	4.8
30 to 34 years	1,935	970	965	7.3	7.2	7.3	27,525	13,520	14,005	5.4	5.4	5.4
35 to 39 years	1,910	940	970	7.2	7.0	7.4	29,445	14,205	15,240	5.8	5.7	5.9
40 to 44 years	1,875	960	920	7.0	7.1	7.0	30,890	14,775	16,115	6.1	5.9	6.2
45 to 49 years	2,020	1,005	1,015	7.6	7.4	7.7	33,995	16,485	17,510	6.7	6.6	6.7
50 to 54 years	2,130	1,080	1,055	8.0	8.0	8.0	38,375	18,685	19,685	7.5	7.5	7.6
55 to 59 years	1,825	955	870	6.8	7.1	6.6	42,150	20,530	21,615	8.3	8.2	8.3
60 to 64 years	1,525	780	745	5.7	5.8	5.7	42,520	20,695	21,830	8.3	8.3	8.4
65 years and over	3,440	1,685	1,755	12.9	12.5	13.3	120,610	56,680	63,930	23.6	22.7	24.5
65 to 69 years	1,305	650	655	4.9	4.8	5.0	40,450	19,715	20,735	7.9	7.9	8.0
70 to 74 years	1,005	495	515	3.8	3.7	3.9	34,405	16,600	17,805	6.7	6.6	6.8
75 to 79 years	615	305	310	2.3	2.3	2.4	22,365	10,585	11,780	4.4	4.2	4.5
80 to 84 years	310	145	170	1.2	1.1	1.3	13,240	5,960	7,280	2.6	2.4	2.8
85 years and over	205	95	105	0.8	0.7	0.8	10,155	3,820	6,335	2.0	1.5	2.4
85 to 89 years	145	75	70	0.5	0.6	0.5	6,745	2,835	3,910	1.3	1.1	1.5
90 to 94 years	45	20	25	0.2	0.1	0.2	2,710	835	1,880	0.5	0.3	0.7
95 to 99 years	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	620	135	485	0.1	0.1	0.2
100 years and over	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	80	15	65	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	19.2	18.9	19.4	19.2	18.9	19.4	13.4	14.0	12.7	13.4	14.0	12.7
15 to 64 years	67.9	68.5	67.2	67.9	68.5	67.2	63.0	63.3	62.7	63.0	63.3	62.7
65 years and over	12.9	12.5	13.3	12.9	12.5	13.3	23.6	22.7	24.5	23.6	22.7	24.5
85 years and over	0.8	0.7	0.8	0.8	0.7	0.8	2.0	1.5	2.4	2.0	1.5	2.4
Average age of the population	38.4	38.3	38.6	38.4	38.3	38.6	45.5	44.7	46.3	45.5	44.7	46.3
Median age of the population	38.8	38.4	39.2	38.8	38.4	39.2	48.4	47.6	49.2	48.4	47.6	49.2
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	10,295	...	...	100.0	...	...	223,255	...	...	100.0	...	...
Single-detached house	6,985	...	...	67.8	...	...	161,410	...	...	72.3	...	...
Semi-detached house	1,190	...	...	11.6	...	...	8,695	...	...	3.9	...	...
Row house	945	...	...	9.2	...	...	10,770	...	...	4.8	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	185	...	...	1.8	...	...	27,535	...	...	12.3	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	550	...	...	5.3	...	...	12,325	...	...	5.5	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	95	...	...	0.9	...	...	810	...	...	0.4	...	...
Other single-attached house	20	...	...	0.2	...	...	410	...	...	0.2	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	340	...	...	3.3	...	...	1,295	...	...	0.6	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	10,295	...	...	100.0	...	...	223,250	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 person	2,315	...	...	22.5	...	...	62,290	...	...	27.9	...	...
2 persons	3,715	...	...	36.1	...	...	90,925	...	...	40.7	...	...
3 persons	1,940	...	...	18.8	...	...	35,080	...	...	15.7	...	...
4 persons	1,540	...	...	15.0	...	...	25,555	...	...	11.4	...	...
5 or more persons	790	...	...	7.7	...	...	9,400	...	...	4.2	...	...
Number of persons in private households	26,200	13,180	13,020	100.0	100.0	100.0	502,100	246,180	255,920	100.0	100.0	100.0
Average household size	2.5	...	...	2.5	...	...	2.3	...	...	2.3	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	21,545	10,945	10,600	100.0	100.0	100.0	442,360	215,025	227,335	100.0	100.0	100.0
Married or living common-law	13,360	6,675	6,690	62.0	61.0	63.1	266,210	132,975	133,230	60.2	61.8	58.6
Married	9,590	4,800	4,785	44.5	43.9	45.1	217,395	108,630	108,765	49.1	50.5	47.8
Living common-law	3,770	1,870	1,905	17.5	17.1	18.0	48,815	24,345	24,470	11.0	11.3	10.8
Living common law - Never married	3,060	1,485	1,575	14.2	13.6	14.9	36,680	18,205	18,475	8.3	8.5	8.1
Living common law - Separated	115	65	50	0.5	0.6	0.5	1,495	790	710	0.3	0.4	0.3
Living common law - Divorced	525	295	230	2.4	2.7	2.2	9,220	4,730	4,485	2.1	2.2	2.0
Living common law - Widowed	70	25	45	0.3	0.2	0.4	1,420	625	800	0.3	0.3	0.4
Not married and not living common-law	8,180	4,275	3,910	38.0	39.1	36.9	176,150	82,050	94,100	39.8	38.2	41.4
Not married and not living common law - Never married	6,115	3,485	2,630	28.4	31.8	24.8	112,120	60,560	51,555	25.3	28.2	22.7
Not married and not living common law - Separated	405	200	205	1.9	1.8	1.9	9,275	4,105	5,170	2.1	1.9	2.3
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	760	370	385	3.5	3.4	3.6	24,040	10,390	13,650	5.4	4.8	6.0
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	905	215	690	4.2	2.0	6.5	30,715	6,990	23,725	6.9	3.3	10.4
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	7,930	...	...	100.0	...	...	155,770	...	...	100.0	...	...
2 persons	4,035	...	...	50.9	...	...	92,630	...	...	59.5	...	...
3 persons	1,905	...	...	24.0	...	...	33,290	...	...	21.4	...	...
4 persons	1,450	...	...	18.3	...	...	23,460	...	...	15.1	...	...
5 or more persons	545	...	...	6.9	...	...	6,385	...	...	4.1	...	...
Average size of census families	2.8	...	...	2.8	...	...	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.7	...	...	1.7	...	...	1.6	...	...	1.6	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	7,930	...	...	100.0	...	...	155,770	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total couple families	6,555	...	...	82.7	...	...	131,220	...	...	84.2	...	...
Married couples	4,670	...	...	58.9	...	...	106,815	...	...	68.6	...	...
With children⁶	2,325	...	...	29.3	...	...	44,510	...	...	28.6	...	...
Without children	2,350	...	...	29.6	...	...	62,305	...	...	40.0	...	...
Common-law couples	1,885	...	...	23.8	...	...	24,410	...	...	15.7	...	...
With children⁶	1,015	...	...	12.8	...	...	9,890	...	...	6.3	...	...
Without children	870	...	...	11.0	...	...	14,520	...	...	9.3	...	...
Total one-parent families	1,380	...	...	17.4	...	...	24,550	...	...	15.8	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	970	...	...	12.2	...	...	19,165	...	...	12.3	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	410	...	...	5.2	...	...	5,390	...	...	3.5	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	26,200	13,180	13,020	100.0	100.0	100.0	502,095	246,180	255,915	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total - Persons in census families	22,500	11,180	11,325	85.9	84.8	87.0	412,540	204,540	208,000	82.2	83.1	81.3
Married spouses or common-law partners	13,110	6,530	6,580	50.0	49.5	50.5	262,445	131,075	131,365	52.3	53.2	51.3
Parents in one-parent families	1,380	405	970	5.3	3.1	7.5	24,545	5,385	19,165	4.9	2.2	7.5
Children⁶	8,015	4,240	3,775	30.6	32.2	29.0	125,550	68,075	57,475	25.0	27.7	22.5
In a two-parent family	5,855	3,105	2,750	22.3	23.6	21.1	89,780	48,510	41,265	17.9	19.7	16.1
In a one-parent family	2,155	1,135	1,025	8.2	8.6	7.9	35,775	19,560	16,210	7.1	7.9	6.3
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	3,700	2,005	1,700	14.1	15.2	13.1	89,555	41,640	47,915	17.8	16.9	18.7
Living alone	2,315	1,260	1,055	8.8	9.6	8.1	62,290	27,780	34,505	12.4	11.3	13.5
Living with other relatives⁷	785	400	390	3.0	3.0	3.0	10,565	4,510	6,055	2.1	1.8	2.4
Living with non-relatives only	595	340	255	2.3	2.6	2.0	16,705	9,350	7,350	3.3	3.8	2.9
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	10,300	...	...	100.0	...	...	223,255	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	6,965	...	...	67.6	...	...	142,615	...	...	63.9	...	...
Couple-family households	5,945	...	...	57.7	...	...	122,700	...	...	55.0	...	...
With children⁶	3,010	...	...	29.2	...	...	50,825	...	...	22.8	...	...
Without children	2,935	...	...	28.5	...	...	71,875	...	...	32.2	...	...
One-parent-family households	1,015	...	...	9.9	...	...	19,915	...	...	8.9	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	300	...	...	2.9	...	...	4,405	...	...	2.0	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	50	...	...	0.5	...	...	680	...	...	0.3	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	370	...	...	3.6	...	...	5,150	...	...	2.3	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	295	...	...	2.9	...	...	8,115	...	...	3.6	...	...
One-person households	2,315	...	...	22.5	...	...	62,290	...	...	27.9	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	21,095	10,630	10,470	100.0	100.0	100.0	433,960	211,160	222,800	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	20,210	10,215	10,000	95.8	96.1	95.5	420,110	204,470	215,640	96.8	96.8	96.8
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	49,200	64,000	40,400	49,200	64,000	40,400	36,800	42,000	32,400	36,800	42,000	32,400
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	20,220	10,215	10,000	95.9	96.1	95.5	420,245	204,535	215,710	96.8	96.9	96.8
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	43,600	54,400	36,400	43,600	54,400	36,400	33,200	37,200	29,800	33,200	37,200	29,800
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	18,135	9,455	8,680	86.0	88.9	82.9	344,460	173,270	171,185	79.4	82.1	76.8
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	45,600	62,400	34,000	45,600	62,400	34,000	30,400	36,000	25,800	30,400	36,000	25,800
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	16,410	8,745	7,670	77.8	82.3	73.3	281,445	143,845	137,600	64.9	68.1	61.8
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	48,400	65,500	37,200	48,400	65,500	37,200	31,600	37,600	27,400	31,600	37,600	27,400
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	14,455	6,335	8,125	68.5	59.6	77.6	348,520	160,975	187,545	80.3	76.2	84.2
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	12,000	13,500	10,700	12,000	13,500	10,700	14,100	15,400	13,100	14,100	15,400	13,100
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	4,350	2,245	2,105	20.6	21.1	20.1	94,175	52,465	41,710	21.7	24.8	18.7
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	9,600	10,900	8,300	9,600	10,900	8,300	9,000	10,700	7,400	9,000	10,700	7,400
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	4,940	2,245	2,700	23.4	21.1	25.8	108,460	53,620	54,845	25.0	25.4	24.6
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	21,100	10,630	10,470	100.0	100.0	100.0	433,955	211,180	222,775	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	20,220	10,225	9,995	95.8	96.2	95.5	420,035	204,425	215,615	96.8	96.8	96.8
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	64,000	78,000	49,720	64,000	78,000	49,720	48,440	56,000	41,280	48,440	56,000	41,280
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	20,225	10,225	9,995	95.9	96.2	95.5	420,205	204,500	215,705	96.8	96.8	96.8
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	52,000	61,650	42,120	52,000	61,650	42,120	40,120	45,280	35,200	40,120	45,280	35,200
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	18,155	9,470	8,685	86.0	89.1	83.0	344,305	172,860	171,440	79.3	81.9	77.0
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	61,150	75,300	45,800	61,150	75,300	45,800	44,960	52,600	37,240	44,960	52,600	37,240
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	16,410	8,775	7,635	77.8	82.5	72.9	281,460	143,435	138,025	64.9	67.9	62.0
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	62,050	75,200	46,960	62,050	75,200	46,960	45,520	52,900	37,840	45,520	52,900	37,840
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	14,505	6,350	8,160	68.7	59.7	77.9	348,550	160,890	187,660	80.3	76.2	84.2
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	12,630	13,240	12,160	12,630	13,240	12,160	13,980	14,660	13,400	13,980	14,660	13,400
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	4,335	2,245	2,090	20.5	21.1	20.0	93,945	52,210	41,730	21.6	24.7	18.7
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	10,740	11,430	10,000	10,740	11,430	10,000	10,560	11,390	9,520	10,560	11,390	9,520
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	4,755	2,130	2,630	22.5	20.0	25.1	107,225	52,880	54,340	24.7	25.0	24.4
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,770	8,800	8,730	8,770	8,800	8,730	8,510	8,410	8,590	8,510	8,410	8,590
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	21,100	10,630	10,470	100.0	100.0	100.0	433,955	211,180	222,780	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	8,180	4,495	3,690	38.8	42.3	35.2	117,415	58,570	58,845	27.1	27.7	26.4
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	82,000	104,000	62,400	82,000	104,000	62,400	62,000	71,000	54,400	62,000	71,000	54,400
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	90,300	107,800	69,000	90,300	107,800	69,000	74,100	85,300	63,000	74,100	85,300	63,000
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	6,395	3,215	3,180	30.3	30.2	30.4	125,435	65,115	60,315	28.9	30.8	27.1
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	22,600	28,400	18,600	22,600	28,400	18,600	17,000	21,000	14,300	17,000	21,000	14,300
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	37,760	47,440	27,960	37,760	47,440	27,960	28,280	34,680	21,340	28,280	34,680	21,340
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	85.8	89.4	80.0	85.8	89.4	80.0	76.0	79.4	71.8	76.0	79.4	71.8
Employment income (%)¹⁹	78.8	82.8	72.2	78.8	82.8	72.2	63.0	66.2	58.7	63.0	66.2	58.7
Government transfers (%)²⁰	14.2	10.5	20.0	14.2	10.5	20.0	24.0	20.6	28.3	24.0	20.6	28.3
Employment insurance benefits (%)	3.6	3.2	4.2	3.6	3.2	4.2	4.9	5.2	4.5	4.9	5.2	4.5
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	3.7	2.6	5.4	3.7	2.6	5.4	5.2	4.4	6.3	5.2	4.4	6.3
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	3.2	2.4	4.6	3.2	2.4	4.6	4.5	3.9	5.3	4.5	3.9	5.3
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	21,095	10,630	10,470	100.0	100.0	100.0	433,955	211,165	222,795	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without total income	885	415	470	4.2	3.9	4.5	13,850	6,695	7,160	3.2	3.2	3.2
With total income	20,210	10,215	10,000	95.8	96.1	95.5	420,105	204,470	215,640	96.8	96.8	96.8
Under $10,000 (including loss)	1,550	560	980	7.7	5.5	9.9	33,110	13,365	19,740	7.9	6.5	9.2
$10,000 to $19,999	1,860	705	1,155	9.2	6.9	11.6	58,585	22,825	35,755	13.9	11.2	16.6
$20,000 to $29,999	2,440	940	1,500	12.1	9.2	15.0	76,150	33,170	42,985	18.1	16.2	19.9
$30,000 to $39,999	2,320	995	1,330	11.5	9.7	13.3	60,370	27,370	33,000	14.4	13.4	15.3
$40,000 to $49,999	2,055	910	1,145	10.2	8.9	11.5	49,770	24,100	25,675	11.8	11.8	11.9
$50,000 to $59,999	1,675	725	950	8.3	7.1	9.5	35,470	18,230	17,240	8.4	8.9	8.0
$60,000 to $69,999	1,305	645	655	6.5	6.4	6.6	25,270	14,110	11,165	6.0	6.9	5.2
$70,000 to $79,999	1,060	565	495	5.2	5.6	5.0	18,730	11,075	7,655	4.5	5.4	3.5
$80,000 to $89,999	915	495	415	4.5	4.9	4.2	14,360	8,340	6,025	3.4	4.1	2.8
$90,000 to $99,999	800	470	335	4.0	4.6	3.4	12,190	6,490	5,705	2.9	3.2	2.6
$100,000 and over	4,230	3,195	1,045	20.9	31.3	10.4	36,100	25,390	10,705	8.6	12.4	5.0
$100,000 to $149,999	2,825	1,980	845	14.0	19.4	8.5	24,300	16,195	8,100	5.8	7.9	3.8
$150,000 and over	1,405	1,215	195	7.0	11.8	2.0	11,800	9,195	2,605	2.8	4.5	1.2
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	21,095	10,630	10,470	100.0	100.0	100.0	433,955	211,165	222,795	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without after-tax income	880	410	470	4.1	3.9	4.5	13,715	6,630	7,085	3.2	3.1	3.2
With after-tax income	20,220	10,215	10,000	95.8	96.1	95.5	420,240	204,530	215,710	96.8	96.9	96.8
Under $10,000 (including loss)	1,595	580	1,015	7.9	5.7	10.2	34,805	13,790	21,020	8.3	6.7	9.7
$10,000 to $19,999	1,945	725	1,215	9.6	7.1	12.2	61,075	23,935	37,140	14.5	11.7	17.2
$20,000 to $29,999	2,920	1,135	1,775	14.4	11.2	17.8	90,885	40,070	50,820	21.6	19.6	23.6
$30,000 to $39,999	2,735	1,215	1,520	13.5	11.9	15.2	70,360	33,440	36,920	16.7	16.3	17.1
$40,000 to $49,999	2,345	1,060	1,285	11.6	10.3	12.9	53,695	27,250	26,445	12.8	13.3	12.3
$50,000 to $59,999	1,825	875	955	9.1	8.6	9.6	35,135	19,635	15,505	8.4	9.6	7.2
$60,000 to $69,999	1,420	780	635	7.0	7.6	6.4	23,040	13,290	9,750	5.5	6.5	4.5
$70,000 to $79,999	1,195	685	505	5.9	6.8	5.1	17,395	9,435	7,955	4.1	4.6	3.7
$80,000 to $89,999	985	635	350	4.9	6.2	3.5	10,510	6,455	4,060	2.5	3.2	1.9
$90,000 to $99,999	880	585	300	4.4	5.7	3.0	6,710	4,575	2,135	1.6	2.2	1.0
$100,000 and over	2,380	1,940	440	11.8	18.9	4.4	16,635	12,660	3,975	4.0	6.2	1.8
$100,000 to $124,999	1,640	1,325	315	8.1	13.0	3.2	8,830	6,685	2,145	2.1	3.3	1.0
$125,000 and over	740	615	125	3.7	6.0	1.3	7,810	5,975	1,830	1.9	2.9	0.8
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	21,095	10,630	10,470	100.0	100.0	100.0	433,955	211,165	222,795	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without employment income	4,685	1,880	2,800	22.2	17.7	26.7	152,515	67,315	85,200	35.1	31.9	38.2
With employment income	16,410	8,745	7,670	77.8	82.3	73.2	281,440	143,850	137,595	64.9	68.1	61.8
Under $5,000 (including loss)	1,680	805	875	10.2	9.2	11.4	43,605	20,650	22,955	15.5	14.4	16.7
$5,000 to $9,999	1,150	505	640	7.0	5.8	8.4	24,040	10,510	13,535	8.5	7.3	9.8
$10,000 to $19,999	1,785	750	1,035	10.8	8.6	13.4	39,050	18,065	20,980	13.9	12.6	15.2
$20,000 to $29,999	1,385	605	780	8.4	6.9	10.2	29,510	13,885	15,630	10.5	9.7	11.4
$30,000 to $39,999	1,205	505	695	7.3	5.8	9.1	24,920	11,660	13,255	8.9	8.1	9.6
$40,000 to $49,999	1,190	510	680	7.3	5.8	8.9	23,160	11,130	12,030	8.2	7.7	8.7
$50,000 to $59,999	1,015	425	590	6.2	4.9	7.7	18,900	9,605	9,300	6.7	6.7	6.8
$60,000 to $69,999	925	435	495	5.6	4.9	6.5	15,375	8,650	6,725	5.5	6.0	4.9
$70,000 to $79,999	835	450	390	5.1	5.1	5.0	12,830	7,455	5,375	4.6	5.2	3.9
$80,000 to $89,999	725	390	330	4.4	4.5	4.3	10,865	6,125	4,745	3.9	4.3	3.4
$90,000 to $99,999	670	420	245	4.1	4.8	3.2	10,060	5,140	4,920	3.6	3.6	3.6
$100,000 and over	3,855	2,950	910	23.5	33.7	11.8	29,120	20,975	8,145	10.3	14.6	5.9
$100,000 to $124,999	1,370	915	460	8.3	10.5	6.0	13,095	8,420	4,670	4.7	5.9	3.4
$125,000 and over	2,485	2,035	445	15.1	23.3	5.9	16,030	12,560	3,470	5.7	8.7	2.5
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	21,095	10,630	10,470	100.0	100.0	100.0	433,960	211,160	222,800	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	19,905	10,065	9,840	94.4	94.7	94.0	413,080	200,885	212,190	95.2	95.1	95.2
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	46,800	65,000	36,400	46,800	65,000	36,400	35,200	42,400	29,600	35,200	42,400	29,600
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	19,925	10,065	9,855	94.5	94.7	94.1	413,440	200,925	212,515	95.3	95.2	95.4
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	41,600	54,400	32,800	41,600	54,400	32,800	31,800	37,600	27,200	31,800	37,600	27,200
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	17,985	9,345	8,640	85.3	87.9	82.5	343,320	172,525	170,795	79.1	81.7	76.7
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	45,200	64,500	32,000	45,200	64,500	32,000	32,400	39,600	26,800	32,400	39,600	26,800
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	16,445	8,720	7,725	78.0	82.0	73.8	285,685	145,760	139,925	65.8	69.0	62.8
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	47,600	67,500	34,000	47,600	67,500	34,000	33,600	41,600	27,600	33,600	41,600	27,600
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	13,090	5,675	7,415	62.1	53.4	70.8	317,925	144,350	173,580	73.3	68.4	77.9
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	8,800	9,700	8,200	8,800	9,700	8,200	11,400	12,900	10,200	11,400	12,900	10,200
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	4,635	2,415	2,220	22.0	22.7	21.2	89,840	50,045	39,800	20.7	23.7	17.9
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	9,800	10,100	9,400	9,800	10,100	9,400	9,900	11,100	8,600	9,900	11,100	8,600
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	21,100	10,630	10,470	100.0	100.0	100.0	433,955	211,180	222,775	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	19,960	10,115	9,845	94.6	95.2	94.0	412,905	200,710	212,195	95.1	95.0	95.3
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	60,750	76,100	44,960	60,750	76,100	44,960	47,880	56,950	39,320	47,880	56,950	39,320
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	19,980	10,115	9,865	94.7	95.2	94.2	413,185	200,730	212,455	95.2	95.1	95.4
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	48,800	59,450	37,880	48,800	59,450	37,880	39,160	45,280	33,360	39,160	45,280	33,360
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	17,960	9,375	8,590	85.1	88.2	82.0	343,150	172,125	171,020	79.1	81.5	76.8
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	59,950	75,500	43,000	59,950	75,500	43,000	46,960	56,150	37,720	46,960	56,150	37,720
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	16,390	8,725	7,665	77.7	82.1	73.2	285,920	145,370	140,550	65.9	68.8	63.1
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	60,450	75,000	43,800	60,450	75,000	43,800	47,600	56,600	38,280	47,600	56,600	38,280
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	13,130	5,760	7,370	62.2	54.2	70.4	318,000	144,305	173,695	73.3	68.3	78.0
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	10,290	10,760	9,930	10,290	10,760	9,930	11,520	12,280	10,890	11,520	12,280	10,890
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	4,620	2,425	2,190	21.9	22.8	20.9	89,750	49,650	40,105	20.7	23.5	18.0
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	10,710	10,920	10,470	10,710	10,920	10,470	10,810	11,570	9,860	10,810	11,570	9,860
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	21,100	10,630	10,470	100.0	100.0	100.0	433,955	211,180	222,780	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	8,115	4,465	3,650	38.5	42.0	34.9	116,735	58,240	58,495	26.9	27.6	26.3
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	76,000	99,000	56,800	76,000	99,000	56,800	59,600	69,000	51,600	59,600	69,000	51,600
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	84,300	102,300	62,400	84,300	102,300	62,400	71,900	83,400	60,550	71,900	83,400	60,550
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	5,980	3,050	2,935	28.3	28.7	28.0	118,095	61,650	56,445	27.2	29.2	25.3
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	26,200	34,800	19,600	26,200	34,800	19,600	21,800	28,000	17,400	21,800	28,000	17,400
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	42,280	54,100	30,040	42,280	54,100	30,040	35,600	44,720	25,680	35,600	44,720	25,680
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	88.8	92.0	83.4	88.8	92.0	83.4	81.4	84.4	77.4	81.4	84.4	77.4
Employment income (%)	81.6	85.0	75.8	81.6	85.0	75.8	68.8	72.0	64.6	68.8	72.0	64.6
Government transfers (%)	11.1	8.0	16.5	11.1	8.0	16.5	18.5	15.5	22.7	18.5	15.5	22.7
Employment insurance benefits (%)	4.1	3.4	5.2	4.1	3.4	5.2	4.9	5.0	4.7	4.9	5.0	4.7
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	10,295	...	...	...	...	...	223,250	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	112,000	...	...	112,000	...	...	71,500	...	...	71,500	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	94,000	...	...	94,000	...	...	63,200	...	...	63,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	2,315	...	...	...	...	...	62,290	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	54,000	...	...	54,000	...	...	33,200	...	...	33,200	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	47,600	...	...	47,600	...	...	30,400	...	...	30,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	7,985	...	...	...	...	...	160,965	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	130,000	...	...	130,000	...	...	90,000	...	...	90,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	109,000	...	...	109,000	...	...	78,500	...	...	78,500	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	10,295	...	...	...	...	...	223,250	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	125,600	...	...	125,600	...	...	91,100	...	...	91,100	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	102,100	...	...	102,100	...	...	75,500	...	...	75,500	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	2,315	...	...	...	...	...	62,255	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	71,100	...	...	71,100	...	...	44,600	...	...	44,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	57,050	...	...	57,050	...	...	37,720	...	...	37,720	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	7,980	...	...	...	...	...	161,000	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	141,400	...	...	141,400	...	...	109,100	...	...	109,100	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	115,200	...	...	115,200	...	...	90,100	...	...	90,100	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	10,300	...	...	100.0	...	...	223,250	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	35	...	...	0.3	...	...	1,205	...	...	0.5	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	40	...	...	0.4	...	...	1,940	...	...	0.9	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	80	...	...	0.8	...	...	3,955	...	...	1.8	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	115	...	...	1.1	...	...	4,225	...	...	1.9	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	330	...	...	3.2	...	...	13,545	...	...	6.1	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	195	...	...	1.9	...	...	8,965	...	...	4.0	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	290	...	...	2.8	...	...	11,210	...	...	5.0	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	270	...	...	2.6	...	...	11,940	...	...	5.3	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	300	...	...	2.9	...	...	9,905	...	...	4.4	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	245	...	...	2.4	...	...	9,105	...	...	4.1	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	545	...	...	5.3	...	...	17,255	...	...	7.7	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	540	...	...	5.2	...	...	15,890	...	...	7.1	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	530	...	...	5.1	...	...	14,840	...	...	6.6	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	515	...	...	5.0	...	...	13,500	...	...	6.0	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	500	...	...	4.9	...	...	11,845	...	...	5.3	...	...
$100,000 and over	5,765	...	...	56.0	...	...	73,915	...	...	33.1	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,215	...	...	11.8	...	...	23,090	...	...	10.3	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,075	...	...	10.4	...	...	16,110	...	...	7.2	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	1,755	...	...	17.0	...	...	19,040	...	...	8.5	...	...
$200,000 and over	1,725	...	...	16.7	...	...	15,670	...	...	7.0	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	10,300	...	...	100.0	...	...	223,250	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	40	...	...	0.4	...	...	1,325	...	...	0.6	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	40	...	...	0.4	...	...	1,990	...	...	0.9	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	85	...	...	0.8	...	...	4,010	...	...	1.8	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	110	...	...	1.1	...	...	4,420	...	...	2.0	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	340	...	...	3.3	...	...	14,530	...	...	6.5	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	225	...	...	2.2	...	...	10,570	...	...	4.7	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	305	...	...	3.0	...	...	12,420	...	...	5.6	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	320	...	...	3.1	...	...	13,505	...	...	6.0	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	320	...	...	3.1	...	...	11,555	...	...	5.2	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	325	...	...	3.2	...	...	10,590	...	...	4.7	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	715	...	...	6.9	...	...	20,725	...	...	9.3	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	635	...	...	6.2	...	...	19,100	...	...	8.6	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	670	...	...	6.5	...	...	17,215	...	...	7.7	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	665	...	...	6.5	...	...	14,690	...	...	6.6	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	755	...	...	7.3	...	...	12,220	...	...	5.5	...	...
$100,000 and over	4,735	...	...	46.0	...	...	54,400	...	...	24.4	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,505	...	...	14.6	...	...	22,095	...	...	9.9	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,190	...	...	11.6	...	...	13,900	...	...	6.2	...	...
$150,000 and over	2,040	...	...	19.8	...	...	18,400	...	...	8.2	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	7,805	...	...	...	...	...	155,065	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	129,000	...	...	129,000	...	...	90,000	...	...	90,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	109,000	...	...	109,000	...	...	78,000	...	...	78,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.0	...	...	3.0	...	...	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	2,975	...	...	...	...	...	72,470	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	115,000	...	...	115,000	...	...	76,500	...	...	76,500	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	96,000	...	...	96,000	...	...	67,000	...	...	67,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	3,365	...	...	...	...	...	55,360	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	162,000	...	...	162,000	...	...	131,000	...	...	131,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	133,000	...	...	133,000	...	...	110,000	...	...	110,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	3.9	...	...	3.9	...	...	3.8	...	...	3.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	1,225	...	...	...	...	...	22,810	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	74,500	...	...	74,500	...	...	57,600	...	...	57,600	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	66,500	...	...	66,500	...	...	53,600	...	...	53,600	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.8	...	...	2.8	...	...	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	2,910	1,600	1,305	...	...	...	78,990	37,135	41,860	...	...	...
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	50,400	64,000	40,800	50,400	64,000	40,800	32,400	34,400	30,400	32,400	34,400	30,400
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	45,200	53,200	38,000	45,200	53,200	38,000	29,600	31,200	28,600	29,600	31,200	28,600
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	7,830	...	...	...	...	...	155,085	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	140,200	...	...	140,200	...	...	109,400	...	...	109,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	114,200	...	...	114,200	...	...	90,200	...	...	90,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	3,025	...	...	...	...	...	72,460	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	129,800	...	...	129,800	...	...	92,100	...	...	92,100	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	104,300	...	...	104,300	...	...	76,600	...	...	76,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	3,350	...	...	...	...	...	55,455	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	170,800	...	...	170,800	...	...	149,400	...	...	149,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	138,600	...	...	138,600	...	...	120,200	...	...	120,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,230	...	...	...	...	...	22,715	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	85,400	...	...	85,400	...	...	68,800	...	...	68,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	73,800	...	...	73,800	...	...	60,550	...	...	60,550	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	2,930	1,625	1,305	...	...	...	79,130	36,820	42,310	...	...	...
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	66,700	76,900	54,050	66,700	76,900	54,050	42,640	45,800	39,880	42,640	45,800	39,880
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	53,900	60,650	45,440	53,900	60,650	45,440	36,280	38,160	34,640	36,280	38,160	34,640
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	26,200	13,180	13,020	100.0	100.0	100.0	502,100	246,180	255,920	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	6,045	3,040	3,010	23.1	23.1	23.1	83,475	43,000	40,475	16.6	17.5	15.8
0 to 5 years	1,880	945	935	7.2	7.2	7.2	23,495	12,075	11,420	4.7	4.9	4.5
18 to 64 years	16,815	8,495	8,325	64.2	64.5	63.9	303,880	148,535	155,345	60.5	60.3	60.7
65 years and over	3,335	1,645	1,690	12.7	12.5	13.0	114,740	54,650	60,100	22.9	22.2	23.5
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	2,335	1,045	1,295	...	...	...	76,355	34,610	41,745	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	720	330	390	...	...	...	12,860	6,710	6,160	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	250	120	130	...	...	...	4,075	2,150	1,930	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	995	460	535	...	...	...	34,385	15,670	18,715	...	...	...
65 years and over	625	255	370	...	...	...	29,105	12,230	16,875	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	8.9	7.9	9.9	8.9	7.9	9.9	15.2	14.1	16.3	15.2	14.1	16.3
0 to 17 years (%)	11.9	10.9	12.9	11.9	10.9	12.9	15.4	15.6	15.2	15.4	15.6	15.2
0 to 5 years (%)	13.5	13.0	14.0	13.5	13.0	14.0	17.3	17.8	16.9	17.3	17.8	16.9
18 to 64 years (%)	5.9	5.4	6.4	5.9	5.4	6.4	11.3	10.6	12.1	11.3	10.6	12.1
65 years and over (%)	18.7	15.4	21.9	18.7	15.4	21.9	25.4	22.4	28.1	25.4	22.4	28.1
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	24,135	12,200	11,935	100.0	100.0	100.0	499,080	244,690	254,385	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	5,275	2,685	2,590	21.9	22.0	21.7	82,500	42,530	39,975	16.5	17.4	15.7
0 to 5 years	1,620	835	785	6.7	6.8	6.6	23,165	11,925	11,240	4.6	4.9	4.4
18 to 64 years	15,620	7,920	7,695	64.7	64.9	64.5	302,020	147,620	154,400	60.5	60.3	60.7
65 years and over	3,235	1,590	1,650	13.4	13.0	13.8	114,555	54,540	60,015	23.0	22.3	23.6
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	490	235	255	...	...	...	18,330	9,235	9,095	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	150	80	70	...	...	...	2,780	1,460	1,325	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	55	30	25	...	...	...	880	460	420	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	295	135	160	...	...	...	14,335	7,315	7,020	...	...	...
65 years and over	45	15	25	...	...	...	1,210	460	750	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	2.0	1.9	2.2	2.0	1.9	2.2	3.7	3.8	3.6	3.7	3.8	3.6
0 to 17 years (%)	2.8	3.0	2.7	2.8	3.0	2.7	3.4	3.4	3.3	3.4	3.4	3.3
0 to 5 years (%)	3.3	3.4	3.2	3.3	3.4	3.2	3.8	3.9	3.7	3.8	3.9	3.7
18 to 64 years (%)	1.9	1.7	2.1	1.9	1.7	2.1	4.8	5.0	4.6	4.8	5.0	4.6
65 years and over (%)	1.4	1.2	1.6	1.4	1.2	1.6	1.1	0.8	1.3	1.1	0.8	1.3
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	26,205	13,180	13,025	100.0	100.0	100.0	502,100	246,180	255,920	100.0	100.0	100.0
In bottom half of the distribution	9,710	4,560	5,155	37.1	34.6	39.6	285,935	136,320	149,615	56.9	55.4	58.5
In bottom decile	2,005	910	1,100	7.7	6.9	8.4	60,890	28,000	32,890	12.1	11.4	12.9
In second decile	1,865	870	1,005	7.1	6.6	7.7	66,785	30,990	35,795	13.3	12.6	14.0
In third decile	1,735	810	920	6.6	6.1	7.1	56,155	27,020	29,135	11.2	11.0	11.4
In fourth decile	2,130	990	1,140	8.1	7.5	8.8	52,920	25,880	27,040	10.5	10.5	10.6
In fifth decile	1,965	980	990	7.5	7.4	7.6	49,185	24,430	24,750	9.8	9.9	9.7
In top half of the distribution	16,490	8,625	7,870	62.9	65.4	60.4	216,160	109,860	106,305	43.1	44.6	41.5
In sixth decile	2,425	1,240	1,185	9.3	9.4	9.1	48,170	24,170	24,000	9.6	9.8	9.4
In seventh decile	2,805	1,390	1,415	10.7	10.5	10.9	46,145	23,345	22,800	9.2	9.5	8.9
In eighth decile	3,135	1,600	1,535	12.0	12.1	11.8	44,630	22,560	22,065	8.9	9.2	8.6
In ninth decile	3,945	2,105	1,835	15.1	16.0	14.1	42,135	21,590	20,550	8.4	8.8	8.0
In top decile	4,185	2,285	1,900	16.0	17.3	14.6	35,080	18,190	16,890	7.0	7.4	6.6
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	26,200	...	...	26,200	...	...	502,095	...	...	502,095	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.311	...	...	0.311	...	...	0.338	...	...	0.338	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.407	...	...	0.407	...	...	0.495	...	...	0.495	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.271	...	...	0.271	...	...	0.290	...	...	0.290	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.9	...	...	3.9	...	...	3.7	...	...	3.7	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	26,380	13,310	13,075	100.0	100.0	100.0	504,805	247,400	257,410	100.0	100.0	100.0
English only	24,420	12,415	12,010	92.6	93.3	91.9	477,900	236,245	241,655	94.7	95.5	93.9
French only	45	20	20	0.2	0.2	0.2	130	60	65	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and French	1,840	850	990	7.0	6.4	7.6	25,945	10,665	15,280	5.1	4.3	5.9
Neither English nor French	75	25	50	0.3	0.2	0.4	830	425	405	0.2	0.2	0.2
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	26,380	13,310	13,075	100.0	100.0	100.0	504,805	247,400	257,410	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	25,905	13,045	12,860	98.2	98.0	98.4	501,645	245,775	255,865	99.4	99.3	99.4
French	350	205	145	1.3	1.5	1.1	2,110	1,110	1,005	0.4	0.4	0.4
English and French	55	35	20	0.2	0.3	0.2	345	165	180	0.1	0.1	0.1
Neither English nor French	70	20	50	0.3	0.2	0.4	705	345	360	0.1	0.1	0.1
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	26,380	13,310	13,075	100.0	100.0	100.0	504,805	247,400	257,410	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	25,920	13,095	12,820	98.3	98.4	98.0	501,425	245,740	255,690	99.3	99.3	99.3
Official languages	23,310	11,835	11,475	88.4	88.9	87.8	488,775	239,145	249,625	96.8	96.7	97.0
English	22,925	11,620	11,310	86.9	87.3	86.5	486,560	238,020	248,540	96.4	96.2	96.6
French	385	220	170	1.5	1.7	1.3	2,215	1,130	1,085	0.4	0.5	0.4
Non-official languages	2,610	1,260	1,345	9.9	9.5	10.3	12,655	6,595	6,065	2.5	2.7	2.4
Indigenous languages³⁹	1,780	835	945	6.7	6.3	7.2	1,835	860	980	0.4	0.3	0.4
Algonquian languages	1,565	740	825	5.9	5.6	6.3	1,580	745	840	0.3	0.3	0.3
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	1,565	740	825	5.9	5.6	6.3	1,580	740	840	0.3	0.3	0.3
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	1,565	740	825	5.9	5.6	6.3	1,575	740	830	0.3	0.3	0.3
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	220	100	120	0.8	0.8	0.9	250	115	135	0.0	0.0	0.1
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	215	100	120	0.8	0.8	0.9	245	115	135	0.0	0.0	0.1
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	825	425	400	3.1	3.2	3.1	10,820	5,735	5,085	2.1	2.3	2.0
Afro-Asiatic languages	35	20	15	0.1	0.2	0.1	1,845	1,025	820	0.4	0.4	0.3
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	60	35	30	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	30	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	35	20	15	0.1	0.2	0.1	1,775	985	790	0.4	0.4	0.3
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	25	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	35	20	15	0.1	0.2	0.1	1,565	885	675	0.3	0.4	0.3
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	15	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	160	80	80	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	130	65	65	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	125	65	60	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	430	200	230	1.6	1.5	1.8	1,365	570	800	0.3	0.2	0.3
Bikol	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	15	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	10	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.1	55	20	35	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1	45	10	30	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	20	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	385	185	200	1.5	1.4	1.5	1,185	500	685	0.2	0.2	0.3
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	75	45	30	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	45	30	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	15	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	20	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.0	360	205	155	0.1	0.1	0.1
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	140	85	60	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	140	75	60	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	65	40	30	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	280	160	120	1.1	1.2	0.9	4,845	2,740	2,100	1.0	1.1	0.8
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	45	20	25	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	15	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	15	5	10	0.1	0.0	0.1	500	250	250	0.1	0.1	0.1
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	15	5	10	0.1	0.0	0.1	495	245	245	0.1	0.1	0.1
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	50	20	25	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	30	20	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	80	45	35	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	210	105	110	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	70	30	35	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	25	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	30	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	15	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	30	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	45	30	10	0.2	0.2	0.1	630	370	255	0.1	0.1	0.1
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	35	30	5	0.1	0.2	0.0	310	170	140	0.1	0.1	0.1
German	35	25	5	0.1	0.2	0.0	295	160	135	0.1	0.1	0.1
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	180	105	75	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	75	45	30	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	95	55	45	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	130	90	35	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	45	25	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	15	15	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	55	45	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	15	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	45	35	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	170	95	80	0.6	0.7	0.6	2,595	1,545	1,050	0.5	0.6	0.4
Indo-Aryan languages	160	85	75	0.6	0.6	0.6	2,130	1,295	830	0.4	0.5	0.3
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	10	10	5	0.0	0.1	0.0	595	380	215	0.1	0.2	0.1
Gujarati	0	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	145	105	45	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1	255	155	100	0.1	0.1	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	30	25	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	60	30	25	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	65	35	30	0.2	0.3	0.2	625	355	265	0.1	0.1	0.1
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	20	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1	135	75	55	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1	260	155	110	0.1	0.1	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	15	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.0	470	250	220	0.1	0.1	0.1
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	60	30	30	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	20	15	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	390	205	185	0.1	0.1	0.1
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	15	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	345	180	160	0.1	0.1	0.1
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	35	25	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	40	25	20	0.2	0.2	0.2	995	510	485	0.2	0.2	0.2
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	90	60	35	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	15	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.0	220	120	100	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	40	20	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1	640	305	330	0.1	0.1	0.1
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	35	10	25	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	115	35	80	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	20	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1	435	235	200	0.1	0.1	0.1
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	65	35	25	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	40	25	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	40	15	25	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	65	35	25	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	15	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.0	115	70	50	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	50	20	30	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	40	20	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	15	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	110	65	50	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	90	55	40	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	10	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.1	1,260	625	635	0.2	0.3	0.2
Chinese languages	10	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.1	1,235	610	625	0.2	0.2	0.2
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	825	405	425	0.2	0.2	0.2
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	20	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	315	160	155	0.1	0.1	0.1
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	60	30	30	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	25	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	45	10	35	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	35	10	25	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	95	55	40	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	65	35	30	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	65	25	45	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	15	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	40	10	25	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	465	215	250	1.8	1.6	1.9	3,375	1,660	1,720	0.7	0.7	0.7
English and French	75	30	45	0.3	0.2	0.3	1,020	455	565	0.2	0.2	0.2
English and non-official language(s)	380	180	200	1.4	1.4	1.5	2,085	1,075	1,015	0.4	0.4	0.4
French and non-official language(s)	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	60	35	30	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	70	30	40	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	140	75	65	0.0	0.0	0.0
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	26,380	13,310	13,075	100.0	100.0	100.0	504,805	247,400	257,410	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	23,005	11,725	11,280	87.2	88.1	86.3	487,420	238,710	248,710	96.6	96.5	96.6
French	155	80	75	0.6	0.6	0.6	585	285	295	0.1	0.1	0.1
Non-official language	1,000	485	515	3.8	3.6	3.9	3,615	1,895	1,725	0.7	0.8	0.7
Indigenous³⁹	830	395	435	3.1	3.0	3.3	830	395	440	0.2	0.2	0.2
Non-Indigenous	165	85	85	0.6	0.6	0.7	2,785	1,495	1,285	0.6	0.6	0.5
English and French	250	115	130	0.9	0.9	1.0	2,615	1,140	1,480	0.5	0.5	0.6
English and non-official language(s)	1,870	855	1,020	7.1	6.4	7.8	9,845	4,995	4,845	2.0	2.0	1.9
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	35	20	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	65	35	30	0.2	0.3	0.2	465	235	225	0.1	0.1	0.1
Multiple non-official languages	40	20	20	0.2	0.2	0.2	230	120	110	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	26,380	13,310	13,075	100.0	100.0	100.0	504,805	247,400	257,410	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	25,875	13,085	12,785	98.1	98.3	97.8	502,230	246,140	256,090	99.5	99.5	99.5
Official languages	24,070	12,190	11,875	91.2	91.6	90.8	495,005	242,370	252,635	98.1	98.0	98.1
English	23,880	12,095	11,785	90.5	90.9	90.1	494,120	241,935	252,185	97.9	97.8	98.0
French	195	100	95	0.7	0.8	0.7	880	435	450	0.2	0.2	0.2
Non-official languages	1,800	895	905	6.8	6.7	6.9	7,230	3,770	3,460	1.4	1.5	1.3
Indigenous languages³⁹	1,345	670	680	5.1	5.0	5.2	1,350	670	680	0.3	0.3	0.3
Algonquian languages	1,300	650	655	4.9	4.9	5.0	1,305	650	655	0.3	0.3	0.3
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	1,300	650	655	4.9	4.9	5.0	1,305	650	655	0.3	0.3	0.3
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	1,300	650	655	4.9	4.9	5.0	1,305	650	655	0.3	0.3	0.3
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	40	20	20	0.2	0.2	0.2	45	20	25	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	40	20	20	0.2	0.2	0.2	45	20	25	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	455	220	230	1.7	1.7	1.8	5,880	3,100	2,775	1.2	1.3	1.1
Afro-Asiatic languages	15	5	10	0.1	0.0	0.1	1,175	605	570	0.2	0.2	0.2
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	45	20	25	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	15	5	10	0.1	0.0	0.1	1,130	585	545	0.2	0.2	0.2
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	15	5	10	0.1	0.0	0.1	1,005	530	475	0.2	0.2	0.2
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	110	50	60	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	80	40	40	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	80	40	40	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	250	120	135	0.9	0.9	1.0	715	320	390	0.1	0.1	0.2
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	20	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	240	115	120	0.9	0.9	0.9	650	290	360	0.1	0.1	0.1
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	45	25	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	20	15	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	170	95	75	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	65	35	30	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	60	35	30	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	40	20	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	145	75	75	0.5	0.6	0.6	2,390	1,315	1,070	0.5	0.5	0.4
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	25	5	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	180	95	90	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	180	90	90	0.0	0.0	0.0
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	20	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	110	55	55	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	15	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	105	55	45	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	40	15	25	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	40	20	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	50	25	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	40	25	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	15	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	110	55	55	0.4	0.4	0.4	1,655	945	710	0.3	0.4	0.3
Indo-Aryan languages	100	50	55	0.4	0.4	0.4	1,295	750	540	0.3	0.3	0.2
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	335	200	135	0.1	0.1	0.1
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	80	60	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	125	70	50	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	45	25	25	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	60	30	35	0.2	0.2	0.3	455	255	200	0.1	0.1	0.1
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	75	35	35	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	160	95	65	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	15	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.0	365	190	170	0.1	0.1	0.1
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	45	25	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	15	15	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	300	155	145	0.1	0.1	0.1
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	265	135	130	0.1	0.1	0.1
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	25	20	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	15	5	5	0.1	0.0	0.0	400	205	200	0.1	0.1	0.1
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	80	40	45	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	15	5	5	0.1	0.0	0.0	300	150	150	0.1	0.1	0.1
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	15	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	55	25	35	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	145	80	65	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	25	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	40	30	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	40	20	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	15	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	220	130	90	0.0	0.1	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	185	110	75	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	35	20	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	790	405	380	0.2	0.2	0.1
Chinese languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	770	400	375	0.2	0.2	0.1
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	550	280	265	0.1	0.1	0.1
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	165	80	85	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	50	30	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	15	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	40	20	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	30	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	510	220	285	1.9	1.7	2.2	2,575	1,260	1,315	0.5	0.5	0.5
English and French	35	20	15	0.1	0.2	0.1	355	175	185	0.1	0.1	0.1
English and non-official language(s)	465	195	270	1.8	1.5	2.1	2,135	1,040	1,095	0.4	0.4	0.4
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	15	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	35	15	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	30	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	26,380	13,310	13,075	100.0	100.0	100.0	504,805	247,400	257,405	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	24,645	12,490	12,150	93.4	93.8	92.9	493,860	241,975	251,880	97.8	97.8	97.9
English	765	400	365	2.9	3.0	2.8	3,235	1,675	1,565	0.6	0.7	0.6
French	190	90	105	0.7	0.7	0.8	2,100	890	1,210	0.4	0.4	0.5
Non-official language	655	280	375	2.5	2.1	2.9	4,310	2,165	2,150	0.9	0.9	0.8
Indigenous³⁹	395	160	240	1.5	1.2	1.8	500	205	300	0.1	0.1	0.1
Non-Indigenous	260	120	135	1.0	0.9	1.0	3,810	1,965	1,845	0.8	0.8	0.7
English and French	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	55	25	25	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	35	10	25	0.1	0.1	0.2	385	205	180	0.1	0.1	0.1
French and non-official language(s)	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1	235	115	120	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	15	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	60	25	40	0.2	0.2	0.3	605	335	265	0.1	0.1	0.1
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	26,200	13,180	13,020	100.0	100.0	100.0	502,095	246,190	255,905	100.0	100.0	100.0
Official languages	26,135	13,155	12,975	99.8	99.8	99.7	501,305	245,765	255,545	99.8	99.8	99.9
English	26,080	13,135	12,945	99.5	99.7	99.4	501,135	245,680	255,455	99.8	99.8	99.8
French	1,930	850	1,085	7.4	6.4	8.3	26,135	10,780	15,355	5.2	4.4	6.0
Non-official languages	3,650	1,750	1,900	13.9	13.3	14.6	20,910	10,660	10,250	4.2	4.3	4.0
Indigenous languages³⁹	2,405	1,110	1,290	9.2	8.4	9.9	2,670	1,225	1,445	0.5	0.5	0.6
Algonquian languages	1,885	885	1,000	7.2	6.7	7.7	2,025	950	1,075	0.4	0.4	0.4
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	1,885	885	1,005	7.2	6.7	7.7	1,945	910	1,035	0.4	0.4	0.4
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	20	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.2	40	10	30	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	20	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.2	20	0	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	1,880	885	1,005	7.2	6.7	7.7	1,930	900	1,025	0.4	0.4	0.4
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	75	40	40	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	75	40	40	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	520	225	290	2.0	1.7	2.2	625	260	365	0.1	0.1	0.1
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	520	225	290	2.0	1.7	2.2	620	260	360	0.1	0.1	0.1
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1	20	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	1,300	665	630	5.0	5.0	4.8	18,305	9,470	8,840	3.6	3.8	3.5
Afro-Asiatic languages	40	25	20	0.2	0.2	0.2	2,620	1,510	1,110	0.5	0.6	0.4
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	25	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	35	20	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	30	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	45	30	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	20	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	35	25	15	0.1	0.2	0.1	2,550	1,470	1,085	0.5	0.6	0.4
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	40	20	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	30	20	15	0.1	0.2	0.1	2,200	1,275	915	0.4	0.5	0.4
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	110	60	50	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	230	135	90	0.0	0.1	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0	190	105	85	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0	185	100	85	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	625	295	335	2.4	2.2	2.6	2,070	890	1,175	0.4	0.4	0.5
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	20	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1	85	35	50	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	20	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1	90	20	65	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	60	30	35	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	85	30	50	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	15	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	590	270	325	2.3	2.0	2.5	1,810	755	1,055	0.4	0.3	0.4
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	35	20	15	0.1	0.2	0.1	95	65	30	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	225	100	120	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	70	45	25	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	40	15	25	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	55	20	30	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	50	20	30	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1	545	295	250	0.1	0.1	0.1
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	250	135	115	0.0	0.1	0.0
Tamil	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1	305	150	155	0.1	0.1	0.1
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	105	65	40	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	530	300	230	2.0	2.3	1.8	9,250	4,935	4,310	1.8	2.0	1.7
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	65	25	30	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1	965	505	460	0.2	0.2	0.2
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1	955	505	455	0.2	0.2	0.2
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	50	30	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	75	40	35	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	100	60	45	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	20	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1	545	295	250	0.1	0.1	0.1
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	165	85	80	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	45	30	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	75	25	45	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	80	45	35	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	20	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	125	45	80	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	95	35	70	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	55	20	40	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	25	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	70	55	15	0.3	0.4	0.1	1,645	895	750	0.3	0.4	0.3
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	55	45	15	0.2	0.3	0.1	1,090	590	500	0.2	0.2	0.2
German	55	45	15	0.2	0.3	0.1	1,075	580	500	0.2	0.2	0.2
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	30	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1	325	160	165	0.1	0.1	0.1
Afrikaans	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1	105	55	50	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	220	105	120	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	305	210	95	0.1	0.1	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	110	80	30	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	40	30	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	150	110	40	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	65	35	25	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	15	15	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1	90	60	35	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	265	150	120	1.0	1.1	0.9	3,855	2,240	1,610	0.8	0.9	0.6
Indo-Aryan languages	245	130	110	0.9	1.0	0.8	3,280	1,965	1,315	0.7	0.8	0.5
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	875	520	355	0.2	0.2	0.1
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	255	215	40	0.1	0.1	0.0
Hindi	145	90	60	0.6	0.7	0.5	1,565	1,040	525	0.3	0.4	0.2
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	50	20	25	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	25	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1	45	25	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	95	45	50	0.4	0.3	0.4	1,035	620	415	0.2	0.3	0.2
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	20	15	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	155	95	60	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	35	20	15	0.1	0.2	0.1	550	285	265	0.1	0.1	0.1
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	30	15	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1	590	285	305	0.1	0.1	0.1
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	110	60	45	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	15	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0	515	245	270	0.1	0.1	0.1
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	15	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0	445	220	225	0.1	0.1	0.1
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	50	25	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	175	95	80	0.7	0.7	0.6	3,005	1,415	1,580	0.6	0.6	0.6
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	30	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1	495	275	220	0.1	0.1	0.1
Portuguese	40	25	15	0.2	0.2	0.1	480	245	240	0.1	0.1	0.1
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	110	60	50	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	140	80	60	0.5	0.6	0.5	2,085	940	1,140	0.4	0.4	0.4
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	45	30	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	195	100	100	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	30	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1	225	90	135	0.0	0.0	0.1
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	40	25	10	0.2	0.2	0.1	1,200	655	545	0.2	0.3	0.2
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	135	80	55	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	20	20	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	20	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	205	115	95	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	45	25	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	200	120	80	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	25	0	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	150	65	85	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0	295	160	135	0.1	0.1	0.1
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0	230	110	120	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	120	60	60	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	70	30	40	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	50	30	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	35	30	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	30	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.2	965	410	560	0.2	0.2	0.2
American Sign Language	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1	875	370	505	0.2	0.2	0.2
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	25	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.2	100	45	55	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	30	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.2	1,575	840	730	0.3	0.3	0.3
Chinese languages	30	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.2	1,525	815	715	0.3	0.3	0.3
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	20	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.2	1,170	620	550	0.2	0.3	0.2
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	45	20	25	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	395	205	190	0.1	0.1	0.1
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	60	35	25	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	45	25	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	30	10	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	15	15	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	75	25	50	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	75	25	50	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	215	110	105	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	45	20	25	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	35	15	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	135	80	55	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	90	45	45	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	15	15	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	30	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	40	20	25	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	55	30	30	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	26,200	13,180	13,020	100.0	100.0	100.0	502,100	246,190	255,905	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	11,290	5,500	5,790	43.1	41.7	44.5	46,545	22,520	24,030	9.3	9.1	9.4
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	10,920	5,325	5,590	41.7	40.4	42.9	43,095	20,845	22,250	8.6	8.5	8.7
First Nations (North American Indian)	2,600	1,190	1,410	9.9	9.0	10.8	28,435	13,660	14,775	5.7	5.5	5.8
Métis	3,255	1,625	1,625	12.4	12.3	12.5	7,335	3,595	3,735	1.5	1.5	1.5
Inuk (Inuit)	5,070	2,510	2,555	19.4	19.0	19.6	7,330	3,595	3,740	1.5	1.5	1.5
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	265	120	140	1.0	0.9	1.1	685	325	365	0.1	0.1	0.1
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	105	55	50	0.4	0.4	0.4	2,765	1,350	1,415	0.6	0.5	0.6
Non-Indigenous identity	14,915	7,680	7,235	56.9	58.3	55.6	455,550	223,675	231,880	90.7	90.9	90.6
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	26,200	13,180	13,020	100.0	100.0	100.0	502,100	246,190	255,905	100.0	100.0	100.0
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	2,680	1,285	1,395	10.2	9.7	10.7	22,720	10,895	11,825	4.5	4.4	4.6
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	23,520	11,895	11,625	89.8	90.3	89.3	479,375	235,290	244,080	95.5	95.6	95.4
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	10,300	...	...	100.0	...	...	223,250	...	...	100.0	...	...
Owner	7,360	...	...	71.5	...	...	169,010	...	...	75.7	...	...
Renter	2,545	...	...	24.7	...	...	53,680	...	...	24.0	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	395	...	...	3.8	...	...	560	...	...	0.3	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	10,300	...	...	100.0	...	...	223,250	...	...	100.0	...	...
Condominium	130	...	...	1.3	...	...	5,525	...	...	2.5	...	...
Not condominium	10,170	...	...	98.7	...	...	217,725	...	...	97.5	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	10,300	...	...	100.0	...	...	223,250	...	...	100.0	...	...
No bedrooms	25	...	...	0.2	...	...	410	...	...	0.2	...	...
1 bedroom	400	...	...	3.9	...	...	13,045	...	...	5.8	...	...
2 bedrooms	2,170	...	...	21.1	...	...	53,000	...	...	23.7	...	...
3 bedrooms	4,855	...	...	47.1	...	...	102,545	...	...	45.9	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	2,850	...	...	27.7	...	...	54,255	...	...	24.3	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	10,300	...	...	100.0	...	...	223,250	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	1,795	...	...	17.4	...	...	37,615	...	...	16.8	...	...
5 rooms	1,925	...	...	18.7	...	...	35,320	...	...	15.8	...	...
6 rooms	1,965	...	...	19.1	...	...	39,350	...	...	17.6	...	...
7 rooms	1,505	...	...	14.6	...	...	33,515	...	...	15.0	...	...
8 or more rooms	3,110	...	...	30.2	...	...	77,445	...	...	34.7	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.6	...	...	6.6	...	...	6.8	...	...	6.8	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	10,300	...	...	100.0	...	...	223,250	...	...	100.0	...	...
One person or fewer per room	10,130	...	...	98.3	...	...	222,260	...	...	99.6	...	...
More than one person per room	170	...	...	1.7	...	...	990	...	...	0.4	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	10,300	...	...	100.0	...	...	223,250	...	...	100.0	...	...
Suitable	9,920	...	...	96.3	...	...	219,400	...	...	98.3	...	...
Not suitable	380	...	...	3.7	...	...	3,850	...	...	1.7	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	10,300	...	...	100.0	...	...	223,250	...	...	100.0	...	...
1960 or before	830	...	...	8.1	...	...	40,635	...	...	18.2	...	...
1961 to 1980	4,575	...	...	44.4	...	...	71,180	...	...	31.9	...	...
1981 to 1990	1,160	...	...	11.3	...	...	33,065	...	...	14.8	...	...
1991 to 2000	1,335	...	...	13.0	...	...	26,115	...	...	11.7	...	...
2001 to 2005	585	...	...	5.7	...	...	12,130	...	...	5.4	...	...
2006 to 2010	690	...	...	6.7	...	...	14,825	...	...	6.6	...	...
2011 to 2015	740	...	...	7.2	...	...	15,980	...	...	7.2	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	385	...	...	3.7	...	...	9,330	...	...	4.2	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	10,300	...	...	100.0	...	...	223,250	...	...	100.0	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	9,415	...	...	91.4	...	...	211,050	...	...	94.5	...	...
Major repairs needed	885	...	...	8.6	...	...	12,205	...	...	5.5	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	10,300	...	...	100.0	...	...	223,250	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-maintainer household	5,625	...	...	54.6	...	...	115,610	...	...	51.8	...	...
Two-maintainer household	4,340	...	...	42.1	...	...	101,755	...	...	45.6	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	335	...	...	3.3	...	...	5,885	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	10,300	...	...	100.0	...	...	223,250	...	...	100.0	...	...
15 to 24 years	315	...	...	3.1	...	...	5,700	...	...	2.6	...	...
25 to 34 years	1,650	...	...	16.0	...	...	24,175	...	...	10.8	...	...
35 to 44 years	2,010	...	...	19.5	...	...	31,955	...	...	14.3	...	...
45 to 54 years	2,285	...	...	22.2	...	...	39,720	...	...	17.8	...	...
55 to 64 years	1,930	...	...	18.7	...	...	48,335	...	...	21.7	...	...
65 to 74 years	1,360	...	...	13.2	...	...	44,755	...	...	20.0	...	...
75 to 84 years	615	...	...	6.0	...	...	22,715	...	...	10.2	...	...
85 years and over	135	...	...	1.3	...	...	5,900	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	9,745	...	...	100.0	...	...	221,825	...	...	100.0	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	9,170	...	...	94.1	...	...	189,435	...	...	85.4	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	575	...	...	5.9	...	...	32,390	...	...	14.6	...	...
30% to less than 100%	520	...	...	5.3	...	...	30,070	...	...	13.6	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	10,300	...	...	100.0	...	...	223,250	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	1,710	...	...	16.6	...	...	45,625	...	...	20.4	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	505	...	...	4.9	...	...	29,865	...	...	13.4	...	...
Not suitable only	310	...	...	3.0	...	...	3,260	...	...	1.5	...	...
Major repairs needed only	770	...	...	7.5	...	...	9,710	...	...	4.3	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	10	...	...	0.1	...	...	290	...	...	0.1	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	55	...	...	0.5	...	...	2,195	...	...	1.0	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	60	...	...	0.6	...	...	260	...	...	0.1	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...	40	...	...	0.0	...	...
Acceptable housing	8,585	...	...	83.3	...	...	177,630	...	...	79.6	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	9,685	...	...	100.0	...	...	219,505	...	...	100.0	...	...
In core need	525	...	...	5.4	...	...	17,525	...	...	8.0	...	...
Not in core need	9,165	...	...	94.6	...	...	201,980	...	...	92.0	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	7,265	...	...	...	...	...	168,660	...	...	...	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	52.9	...	...	52.9	...	...	47.4	...	...	47.4	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	4.1	...	...	4.1	...	...	8.9	...	...	8.9	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	4.6	...	...	4.6	...	...	4.0	...	...	4.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	840	...	...	840	...	...	750	...	...	750	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,027	...	...	1,027	...	...	1,014	...	...	1,014	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	250,000	...	...	250,000	...	...	240,000	...	...	240,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	253,000	...	...	253,000	...	...	246,800	...	...	246,800	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	2,495	...	...	...	...	...	53,615	...	...	...	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	20.8	...	...	20.8	...	...	19.6	...	...	19.6	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	11.2	...	...	11.2	...	...	32.5	...	...	32.5	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	7.9	...	...	7.9	...	...	20.8	...	...	20.8	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	870	...	...	870	...	...	870	...	...	870	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	873	...	...	873	...	...	903	...	...	903	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	395	...	...	...	...	...	560	...	...	...	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	0.0	...	...	0.0	...	...	0.0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	0	...	...	0	...	...	168	...	...	168	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	164	...	...	164	...	...	242	...	...	242	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	26,200	13,180	13,020	100.0	100.0	100.0	502,100	246,190	255,910	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	8,870	4,315	4,560	33.9	32.7	35.0	31,845	15,325	16,520	6.3	6.2	6.5
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	8,225	3,975	4,250	31.4	30.2	32.6	30,850	14,800	16,050	6.1	6.0	6.3
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	2,485	1,170	1,315	9.5	8.9	10.1	22,040	10,555	11,485	4.4	4.3	4.5
Métis single ancestry	1,550	770	780	5.9	5.8	6.0	3,175	1,545	1,630	0.6	0.6	0.6
Inuit single ancestry	4,195	2,035	2,160	16.0	15.4	16.6	5,635	2,695	2,940	1.1	1.1	1.1
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	645	340	305	2.5	2.6	2.3	990	525	465	0.2	0.2	0.2
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	45	25	20	0.2	0.2	0.2	185	100	85	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	190	90	95	0.7	0.7	0.7	260	130	130	0.1	0.1	0.1
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	340	190	160	1.3	1.4	1.2	445	250	195	0.1	0.1	0.1
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	70	35	30	0.3	0.3	0.2	95	45	50	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	2,955	1,405	1,555	11.3	10.7	11.9	26,945	13,065	13,880	5.4	5.3	5.4
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	2,590	1,240	1,345	9.9	9.4	10.3	25,980	12,635	13,345	5.2	5.1	5.2
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	905	430	475	3.5	3.3	3.6	20,635	10,125	10,510	4.1	4.1	4.1
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	410	180	225	1.6	1.4	1.7	2,235	1,040	1,200	0.4	0.4	0.5
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	1,270	625	640	4.8	4.7	4.9	3,110	1,475	1,635	0.6	0.6	0.6
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	370	160	205	1.4	1.2	1.6	970	430	535	0.2	0.2	0.2
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	20	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1	270	145	125	0.1	0.1	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	195	70	120	0.7	0.5	0.9	395	155	240	0.1	0.1	0.1
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	125	60	60	0.5	0.5	0.5	235	100	130	0.0	0.0	0.1
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	30	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.2	75	35	40	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	14,375	7,465	6,910	54.9	56.6	53.1	443,310	217,795	225,510	88.3	88.5	88.1
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	26,200	13,180	13,020	100.0	100.0	100.0	502,095	246,190	255,910	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	25,305	12,730	12,575	96.6	96.6	96.6	490,860	240,100	250,755	97.8	97.5	98.0
Canadian citizens aged under 18	5,880	2,950	2,925	22.4	22.4	22.5	82,250	42,485	39,765	16.4	17.3	15.5
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	19,420	9,770	9,645	74.1	74.1	74.1	408,605	197,615	210,995	81.4	80.3	82.4
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	900	450	450	3.4	3.4	3.5	11,240	6,090	5,150	2.2	2.5	2.0
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	26,200	13,180	13,020	100.0	100.0	100.0	502,095	246,190	255,910	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	24,820	12,495	12,320	94.7	94.8	94.6	482,615	236,005	246,610	96.1	95.9	96.4
Immigrants⁸¹	1,140	580	555	4.4	4.4	4.3	14,250	7,235	7,010	2.8	2.9	2.7
Before 1980	155	80	75	0.6	0.6	0.6	3,335	1,590	1,740	0.7	0.6	0.7
1980 to 1990	30	20	15	0.1	0.2	0.1	890	540	350	0.2	0.2	0.1
1991 to 2000	55	45	15	0.2	0.3	0.1	1,020	545	475	0.2	0.2	0.2
2001 to 2010	100	45	55	0.4	0.3	0.4	2,435	1,265	1,175	0.5	0.5	0.5
2011 to 2021⁸²	795	390	405	3.0	3.0	3.1	6,570	3,300	3,265	1.3	1.3	1.3
2011 to 2015	270	135	135	1.0	1.0	1.0	2,300	1,200	1,100	0.5	0.5	0.4
2016 to 2021	525	260	265	2.0	2.0	2.0	4,265	2,100	2,170	0.8	0.9	0.8
Non-permanent residents⁸³	245	100	140	0.9	0.8	1.1	5,235	2,955	2,285	1.0	1.2	0.9
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	1,140	580	555	100.0	100.0	100.0	14,250	7,240	7,010	100.0	100.0	100.0
Under 5 years	150	80	70	13.2	13.8	12.6	1,700	820	875	11.9	11.3	12.5
5 to 14 years	155	85	75	13.6	14.7	13.5	2,470	1,245	1,220	17.3	17.2	17.4
15 to 24 years	145	90	50	12.7	15.5	9.0	2,335	1,200	1,135	16.4	16.6	16.2
25 to 44 years	630	300	330	55.3	51.7	59.5	6,640	3,355	3,285	46.6	46.3	46.9
45 years and over	60	25	35	5.3	4.3	6.3	1,110	615	490	7.8	8.5	7.0
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	1,140	580	555	100.0	100.0	100.0	14,250	7,240	7,010	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	90	35	55	7.9	6.0	9.9	2,345	1,110	1,235	16.5	15.3	17.6
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	90	40	50	0.6	0.6	0.7
Colombia	20	15	0	1.8	2.6	0.0	145	70	75	1.0	1.0	1.1
El Salvador	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	30	15	20	0.2	0.2	0.3
Guyana	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Jamaica	15	0	10	1.3	0.0	1.8	220	100	125	1.5	1.4	1.8
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	25	15	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	20	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.2
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	65	25	35	0.5	0.3	0.5
United States of America	45	10	30	3.9	1.7	5.4	1,390	695	690	9.8	9.6	9.8
Other places of birth in Americas	10	10	10	0.9	1.7	1.8	325	130	200	2.3	1.8	2.9
Europe	235	130	100	20.6	22.4	18.0	4,290	2,340	1,945	30.1	32.3	27.7
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	40	25	10	0.3	0.3	0.1
Croatia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	45	25	20	0.3	0.3	0.3
France	20	0	15	1.8	0.0	2.7	190	85	105	1.3	1.2	1.5
Germany	40	35	0	3.5	6.0	0.0	245	150	95	1.7	2.1	1.4
Greece	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	25	15	0	0.2	0.2	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	95	55	40	0.7	0.8	0.6
Netherlands	10	10	0	0.9	1.7	0.0	100	60	40	0.7	0.8	0.6
Poland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	60	40	25	0.4	0.6	0.4
Portugal	20	15	0	1.8	2.6	0.0	80	35	45	0.6	0.5	0.6
Romania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	100	45	55	0.7	0.6	0.8
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	125	60	70	0.9	0.8	1.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	75	25	50	0.5	0.3	0.7
United Kingdom⁸⁷	100	50	50	8.8	8.6	9.0	2,300	1,235	1,070	16.1	17.1	15.3
Other places of birth in Europe	35	20	20	3.1	3.4	3.6	780	475	305	5.5	6.6	4.4
Africa	75	50	25	6.6	8.6	4.5	1,895	1,065	835	13.3	14.7	11.9
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	30	15	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	80	40	40	0.6	0.6	0.6
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	205	145	60	1.4	2.0	0.9
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	155	95	60	1.1	1.3	0.9
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	75	40	35	0.5	0.6	0.5
Morocco	10	10	0	0.9	1.7	0.0	20	15	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Nigeria	20	15	0	1.8	2.6	0.0	455	260	200	3.2	3.6	2.9
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	15	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	10	0	0	0.9	0.0	0.0	185	95	85	1.3	1.3	1.2
Other places of birth in Africa	35	15	10	3.1	2.6	1.8	675	345	325	4.7	4.8	4.6
Asia	740	365	380	64.9	62.9	68.5	5,590	2,680	2,910	39.2	37.0	41.5
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	20	10	15	1.8	1.7	2.7	140	70	70	1.0	1.0	1.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	190	95	90	1.3	1.3	1.3
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	80	45	30	0.6	0.6	0.4
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	485	245	240	3.4	3.4	3.4
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	55	40	15	0.4	0.6	0.2
China⁹⁰	10	0	10	0.9	0.0	1.8	630	280	350	4.4	3.9	5.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	85	45	45	0.6	0.6	0.6
Korea, South⁹²	15	0	0	1.3	0.0	0.0	105	25	75	0.7	0.3	1.1
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	50	20	35	0.4	0.3	0.5
Philippines	515	245	270	45.2	42.2	48.6	1,655	685	965	11.6	9.5	13.8
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	90	45	45	0.6	0.6	0.6
Bangladesh	0	10	0	0.0	1.7	0.0	230	130	105	1.6	1.8	1.5
India	95	55	40	8.3	9.5	7.2	830	480	355	5.8	6.6	5.1
Pakistan	20	15	10	1.8	2.6	1.8	220	90	130	1.5	1.2	1.9
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	100	50	50	0.7	0.7	0.7
Other places of birth in Asia	30	20	10	2.6	3.4	1.8	635	340	300	4.5	4.7	4.3
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	130	40	90	0.9	0.6	1.3
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	525	260	270	100.0	100.0	100.0	4,270	2,100	2,170	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	30	0	20	5.7	0.0	7.4	430	200	225	10.1	9.5	10.4
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	25	10	20	0.6	0.5	0.9
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	20	15	0	0.5	0.7	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	145	60	80	3.4	2.9	3.7
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	20	15	10	0.5	0.7	0.5
United States of America	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	145	70	70	3.4	3.3	3.2
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	70	25	45	1.6	1.2	2.1
Europe	45	25	20	8.6	9.6	7.4	395	235	165	9.3	11.2	7.6
France	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	30	15	20	0.7	0.7	0.9
Germany	10	10	0	1.9	3.8	0.0	30	20	10	0.7	1.0	0.5
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	55	30	25	1.3	1.4	1.2
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	10	0	0.2	0.5	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	25	15	15	0.6	0.7	0.7
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	10	0	0	1.9	0.0	0.0	125	90	35	2.9	4.3	1.6
Other places of birth in Europe	20	10	10	3.8	3.8	3.7	105	60	45	2.5	2.9	2.1
Africa	35	25	10	6.7	9.6	3.7	910	490	425	21.3	23.3	19.6
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.5
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	55	25	25	1.3	1.2	1.2
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	40	25	10	0.9	1.2	0.5
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	100	60	45	2.3	2.9	2.1
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	20	0	15	0.5	0.0	0.7
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	15	15	0	2.9	5.8	0.0	300	175	120	7.0	8.3	5.5
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	65	35	25	1.5	1.7	1.2
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	65	35	30	1.5	1.7	1.4
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	35	15	25	0.8	0.7	1.2
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	210	100	115	4.9	4.8	5.3
Asia	420	205	220	80.0	78.8	81.5	2,520	1,170	1,345	59.0	55.7	62.0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	10	0.0	0.0	3.7	80	45	35	1.9	2.1	1.6
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	200	85	115	4.7	4.0	5.3
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	65	35	30	12.4	13.5	11.1	320	200	125	7.5	9.5	5.8
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	35	20	15	0.8	1.0	0.7
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	60	20	35	1.4	1.0	1.6
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	20	15	10	0.5	0.7	0.5
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	35	0	35	0.8	0.0	1.6
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	55	30	20	1.3	1.4	0.9
Nepal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	20	15	0	3.8	5.8	0.0	100	45	55	2.3	2.1	2.5
Philippines	310	140	170	59.0	53.8	63.0	940	380	555	22.0	18.1	25.6
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	25	10	15	0.6	0.5	0.7
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	20	15	10	0.5	0.7	0.5
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	400	210	190	9.4	10.0	8.8
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	30	25	0	0.7	1.2	0.0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	35	0	25	0.8	0.0	1.2
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	35	15	20	0.8	0.7	0.9
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	105	35	65	2.5	1.7	3.0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	15	0	10	0.4	0.0	0.5
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.5
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	26,200	13,180	13,020	100.0	100.0	100.0	502,095	246,190	255,905	100.0	100.0	100.0
First generation¹⁰⁰	1,440	725	720	5.5	5.5	5.5	21,365	11,110	10,255	4.3	4.5	4.0
Second generation¹⁰¹	785	440	345	3.0	3.3	2.6	17,835	9,075	8,760	3.6	3.7	3.4
Third generation or more¹⁰²	23,975	12,015	11,960	91.5	91.2	91.9	462,900	226,010	236,895	92.2	91.8	92.6
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	985	505	480	100.0	100.0	100.0	10,915	5,645	5,270	100.0	100.0	100.0
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	770	395	380	78.2	78.2	79.2	6,385	3,360	3,030	58.5	59.5	57.5
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	355	210	150	36.0	41.6	31.3	3,015	1,875	1,140	27.6	33.2	21.6
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	410	185	225	41.6	36.6	46.9	3,370	1,480	1,890	30.9	26.2	35.9
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	210	105	105	21.3	20.8	21.9	2,690	1,350	1,335	24.6	23.9	25.3
Refugees¹⁰⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,780	900	880	16.3	15.9	16.7
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	60	35	20	0.5	0.6	0.4
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	985	505	480	100.0	100.0	100.0	10,915	5,645	5,270	100.0	100.0	100.0
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	205	110	95	1.9	1.9	1.8
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	355	170	185	36.0	33.7	38.5	2,450	1,295	1,160	22.4	22.9	22.0
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	40	15	15	4.1	3.0	3.1	520	310	210	4.8	5.5	4.0
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	10	10	0	1.0	2.0	0.0	1,180	695	485	10.8	12.3	9.2
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	70	30	40	0.6	0.5	0.8
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	570	295	275	57.9	58.4	57.3	6,480	3,200	3,280	59.4	56.7	62.2
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	26,200	13,180	13,020	100.0	100.0	100.0	502,100	246,190	255,905	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	1,285	640	645	4.9	4.9	5.0	16,855	8,800	8,050	3.4	3.6	3.1
South Asian	285	155	130	1.1	1.2	1.0	4,545	2,575	1,970	0.9	1.0	0.8
Chinese	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1	2,005	1,020	980	0.4	0.4	0.4
Black	110	50	60	0.4	0.4	0.5	3,590	1,930	1,660	0.7	0.8	0.6
Filipino	705	345	370	2.7	2.6	2.8	2,270	1,000	1,270	0.5	0.4	0.5
Arab	30	20	15	0.1	0.2	0.1	1,740	1,035	705	0.3	0.4	0.3
Latin American	30	20	10	0.1	0.2	0.1	755	355	400	0.2	0.1	0.2
Southeast Asian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	505	240	275	0.1	0.1	0.1
West Asian	30	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1	550	265	285	0.1	0.1	0.1
Korean	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1	220	80	140	0.0	0.0	0.1
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	85	30	50	0.0	0.0	0.0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	205	105	95	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple visible minorities	30	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.2	395	175	220	0.1	0.1	0.1
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	24,920	12,540	12,380	95.1	95.1	95.1	485,240	237,385	247,855	96.6	96.4	96.9
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	26,200	13,180	13,020	100.0	100.0	100.0	502,095	246,190	255,910	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian	4,570	2,380	2,190	17.4	18.1	16.8	125,120	60,915	64,200	24.9	24.7	25.1
English	4,910	2,480	2,435	18.7	18.8	18.7	175,045	84,765	90,280	34.9	34.4	35.3
Irish	3,420	1,705	1,715	13.1	12.9	13.2	122,115	59,270	62,845	24.3	24.1	24.6
Scottish	1,325	705	615	5.1	5.3	4.7	33,270	16,045	17,230	6.6	6.5	6.7
French, n.o.s.¹²²	955	475	490	3.6	3.6	3.8	22,925	11,115	11,815	4.6	4.5	4.6
German	320	175	145	1.2	1.3	1.1	7,335	3,655	3,680	1.5	1.5	1.4
Chinese	95	50	50	0.4	0.4	0.4	2,265	1,135	1,130	0.5	0.5	0.4
Italian	90	55	30	0.3	0.4	0.2	2,290	1,140	1,155	0.5	0.5	0.5
Indian (India)	170	80	90	0.6	0.6	0.7	2,765	1,505	1,260	0.6	0.6	0.5
Ukrainian	50	20	30	0.2	0.2	0.2	1,505	720	785	0.3	0.3	0.3
Dutch	125	60	60	0.5	0.5	0.5	1,830	940	890	0.4	0.4	0.3
Polish	30	25	10	0.1	0.2	0.1	1,290	620	670	0.3	0.3	0.3
Québécois	75	40	40	0.3	0.3	0.3	315	150	160	0.1	0.1	0.1
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	635	305	330	2.4	2.3	2.5	18,305	9,090	9,215	3.6	3.7	3.6
Filipino	685	325	360	2.6	2.5	2.8	2,255	1,010	1,240	0.4	0.4	0.5
French Canadian	105	40	60	0.4	0.3	0.5	720	295	425	0.1	0.1	0.2
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	1,515	735	780	5.8	5.6	6.0	26,565	12,765	13,795	5.3	5.2	5.4
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	585	255	330	2.2	1.9	2.5	10,820	5,180	5,635	2.2	2.1	2.2
Métis	2,585	1,285	1,295	9.9	9.7	9.9	6,715	3,255	3,460	1.3	1.3	1.4
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	565	310	255	2.2	2.4	2.0	8,625	4,295	4,325	1.7	1.7	1.7
Russian	20	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0	680	335	345	0.1	0.1	0.1
Norwegian	130	60	70	0.5	0.5	0.5	1,840	920	915	0.4	0.4	0.4
Welsh	140	70	70	0.5	0.5	0.5	5,750	2,980	2,770	1.1	1.2	1.1
Portuguese	65	30	35	0.2	0.2	0.3	1,215	595	615	0.2	0.2	0.2
American	120	75	45	0.5	0.6	0.3	2,180	1,060	1,120	0.4	0.4	0.4
Spanish	55	30	30	0.2	0.2	0.2	1,160	555	605	0.2	0.2	0.2
Swedish	35	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.2	1,035	485	550	0.2	0.2	0.2
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	325	160	165	0.1	0.1	0.1
Acadian	100	35	70	0.4	0.3	0.5	1,100	505	595	0.2	0.2	0.2
Pakistani	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1	270	145	125	0.1	0.1	0.0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	20	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1	725	375	340	0.1	0.2	0.1
Jewish	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0	550	340	210	0.1	0.1	0.1
Punjabi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	285	140	145	0.1	0.1	0.1
Vietnamese	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0	175	95	85	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1	830	470	360	0.2	0.2	0.1
Greek	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1	365	190	175	0.1	0.1	0.1
Jamaican	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1	320	170	150	0.1	0.1	0.1
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	55	35	20	0.2	0.3	0.2	525	275	245	0.1	0.1	0.1
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	60	25	35	0.2	0.2	0.3	305	130	175	0.1	0.1	0.1
Korean	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1	225	85	145	0.0	0.0	0.1
Romanian	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0	300	120	180	0.1	0.0	0.1
Lebanese	40	20	20	0.2	0.2	0.2	775	420	350	0.2	0.2	0.1
Iranian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	430	210	225	0.1	0.1	0.1
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	80	25	50	0.3	0.2	0.4	1,960	970	995	0.4	0.4	0.4
Danish	50	20	30	0.2	0.2	0.2	690	350	340	0.1	0.1	0.1
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	335	130	205	1.3	1.0	1.6	3,585	1,745	1,840	0.7	0.7	0.7
Sikh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	150	70	80	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austrian	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0	325	155	170	0.1	0.1	0.1
Belgian	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1	265	145	120	0.1	0.1	0.0
Haitian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindu	35	20	20	0.1	0.2	0.2	125	70	55	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	135	60	75	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mennonite	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	65	30	30	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1	275	135	135	0.1	0.1	0.1
Finnish	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1	235	100	140	0.0	0.0	0.1
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	125	65	60	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	105	50	55	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0	150	85	65	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	175	75	100	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	740	340	400	2.8	2.6	3.1	18,870	9,245	9,625	3.8	3.8	3.8
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	60	35	30	0.2	0.3	0.2	1,230	680	555	0.2	0.3	0.2
Muslim	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1	320	165	160	0.1	0.1	0.1
Egyptian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	390	250	140	0.1	0.1	0.1
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	155	85	75	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	90	50	35	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	170	100	65	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	160	85	80	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moroccan	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	50	25	25	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1	195	100	85	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	335	210	125	0.1	0.1	0.0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	65	30	35	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afghan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	200	125	70	0.0	0.1	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	50	25	30	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0	195	105	95	0.0	0.0	0.0
Newfoundlander	1,465	755	715	5.6	5.7	5.5	34,640	17,120	17,515	6.9	7.0	6.8
Hong Konger	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ontarian	35	20	15	0.1	0.2	0.1	435	180	250	0.1	0.1	0.1
Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	105	55	55	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	100	55	45	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0	160	85	65	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	5,925	2,860	3,065	22.6	21.7	23.5	9,365	4,445	4,925	1.9	1.8	1.9
Bangladeshi	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	545	325	220	0.1	0.1	0.1
Algerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	25	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	185	110	75	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigerian	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0	425	215	215	0.1	0.1	0.1
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	25	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	55	30	25	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	20	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0	290	135	155	0.1	0.1	0.1
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	55	30	25	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	95	50	40	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	30	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	50	20	25	0.0	0.0	0.0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	110	45	60	0.0	0.0	0.0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	215	120	95	0.0	0.0	0.0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	65	25	50	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	120	75	45	0.0	0.0	0.0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	80	50	30	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	50	25	25	0.0	0.0	0.0
South African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	185	140	40	0.0	0.1	0.0
Australian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	175	75	100	0.0	0.0	0.0
Palestinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	135	75	55	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chilean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	60	35	25	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congolese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	110	30	75	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	430	200	230	0.1	0.1	0.1
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	35	10	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	60	45	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peruvian	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1	80	30	55	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	325	185	140	0.1	0.1	0.1
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	30	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	80	30	50	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	130	85	50	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	30	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1	640	285	355	0.1	0.1	0.1
New Brunswicker	20	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.2	150	70	80	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	45	35	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	180	105	80	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Canadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	70	40	30	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israeli	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	30	20	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	75	35	35	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	70	25	45	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	80	40	50	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albertan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	70	40	30	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ghanaian	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1	125	75	50	0.0	0.0	0.0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	85	30	55	0.0	0.0	0.0
African American	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	145	80	65	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	60	20	35	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	80	40	45	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	55	35	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	135	65	65	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	65	35	25	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	50	25	25	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	1,870	915	955	7.1	6.9	7.3	2,350	1,160	1,185	0.5	0.5	0.5
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	95	70	25	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	150	120	30	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	30	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	30	10	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	50	25	25	0.0	0.0	0.0
Laotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	25	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	20	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	110	45	60	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	350	205	145	0.1	0.1	0.1
British Columbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	30	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	15	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	25	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	20	20	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	80	45	35	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jatt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	70	45	25	0.0	0.0	0.0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	495	245	250	0.1	0.1	0.1
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	75	35	40	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	95	35	60	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dominican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	30	20	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	25	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1	35	20	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	170	95	70	0.0	0.0	0.0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	25	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	30	0	30	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	25	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Abenaki	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	15	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0	45	20	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Zealander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	120	70	45	0.0	0.0	0.0
Breton	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	30	20	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	60	30	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plains Cree	45	15	30	0.2	0.1	0.2	45	15	30	0.0	0.0	0.0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	40	25	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gaspesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norman	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	80	50	25	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	45	15	30	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteaux	45	15	30	0.2	0.1	0.2	60	25	40	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	40	25	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	55	35	25	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	25	20	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	70	40	25	0.0	0.0	0.0
Manitoban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	20	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	125	55	70	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	70	35	35	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	50	35	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	25	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Honduran	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	25	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cherokee	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	120	50	65	0.0	0.0	0.0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	295	155	140	1.1	1.2	1.1	7,220	3,430	3,795	1.4	1.4	1.5
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Flemish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	45	20	25	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	25	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Goan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	115	85	35	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	30	0	30	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamileke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	30	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	50	25	25	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	30	10	25	0.0	0.0	0.0
Libyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	90	60	30	0.0	0.0	0.0
Basque	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	115	60	55	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	25	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	70	40	25	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igorot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guinean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	40	20	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maliseet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Beninese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	40	20	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Roma	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	35	20	25	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	25	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tajik	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amhara	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	26,200	13,180	13,020	100.0	100.0	100.0	502,100	246,195	255,905	100.0	100.0	100.0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	490	240	250	0.1	0.1	0.1
Christian	21,285	10,445	10,840	81.2	79.2	83.3	413,915	199,150	214,765	82.4	80.9	83.9
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	595	310	285	2.3	2.4	2.2	15,590	7,710	7,880	3.1	3.1	3.1
Anabaptist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	105	50	60	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anglican	5,650	2,870	2,780	21.6	21.8	21.4	108,030	52,080	55,945	21.5	21.2	21.9
Baptist	55	20	35	0.2	0.2	0.3	1,115	515	605	0.2	0.2	0.2
Catholic	6,910	3,375	3,530	26.4	25.6	27.1	159,875	76,450	83,425	31.8	31.1	32.6
Christian Orthodox	20	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1	700	395	305	0.1	0.2	0.1
Jehovah's Witness	50	20	25	0.2	0.2	0.2	1,490	685	810	0.3	0.3	0.3
Latter Day Saints	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	170	65	110	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lutheran	15	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0	300	175	125	0.1	0.1	0.0
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	755	365	385	2.9	2.8	3.0	29,830	14,505	15,325	5.9	5.9	6.0
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	2,000	925	1,070	7.6	7.0	8.2	28,645	13,650	15,000	5.7	5.5	5.9
Presbyterian	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1	1,165	535	630	0.2	0.2	0.2
Reformed	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	25	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Church	2,545	1,250	1,290	9.7	9.5	9.9	60,670	29,340	31,330	12.1	11.9	12.2
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	2,670	1,280	1,395	10.2	9.7	10.7	6,205	2,990	3,215	1.2	1.2	1.3
Hindu	120	70	55	0.5	0.5	0.4	1,200	720	485	0.2	0.3	0.2
Jewish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	240	115	125	0.0	0.0	0.0
Muslim	145	70	70	0.6	0.5	0.5	3,995	2,085	1,910	0.8	0.8	0.7
Sikh	70	35	35	0.3	0.3	0.3	855	490	365	0.2	0.2	0.1
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	35	10	25	0.1	0.1	0.2	105	50	55	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	35	10	25	0.1	0.1	0.2	965	375	585	0.2	0.2	0.2
No religion and secular perspectives	4,500	2,525	1,975	17.2	19.2	15.2	80,330	42,965	37,370	16.0	17.5	14.6
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	25,930	13,050	12,875	100.0	100.0	100.0	498,445	244,285	254,160	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	22,990	11,660	11,325	88.7	89.3	88.0	453,375	222,680	230,695	91.0	91.2	90.8
Movers	2,940	1,390	1,555	11.3	10.7	12.1	45,070	21,600	23,465	9.0	8.8	9.2
Non-migrants	1,865	840	1,020	7.2	6.4	7.9	24,890	11,770	13,115	5.0	4.8	5.2
Migrants	1,080	545	530	4.2	4.2	4.1	20,180	9,830	10,350	4.0	4.0	4.1
Internal migrants	1,025	520	505	4.0	4.0	3.9	19,020	9,195	9,830	3.8	3.8	3.9
Intraprovincial migrants	655	340	310	2.5	2.6	2.4	12,470	5,845	6,620	2.5	2.4	2.6
Interprovincial migrants	370	180	190	1.4	1.4	1.5	6,550	3,345	3,205	1.3	1.4	1.3
External migrants	55	30	25	0.2	0.2	0.2	1,160	635	525	0.2	0.3	0.2
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	24,680	12,390	12,295	100.0	100.0	100.0	483,165	236,510	246,655	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	16,620	8,375	8,240	67.3	67.6	67.0	342,910	168,510	174,400	71.0	71.2	70.7
Movers	8,065	4,015	4,050	32.7	32.4	32.9	140,255	68,000	72,255	29.0	28.8	29.3
Non-migrants	3,655	1,755	1,900	14.8	14.2	15.5	52,775	25,485	27,290	10.9	10.8	11.1
Migrants	4,410	2,260	2,150	17.9	18.2	17.5	87,485	42,520	44,965	18.1	18.0	18.2
Internal migrants	3,890	2,010	1,880	15.8	16.2	15.3	79,865	38,480	41,380	16.5	16.3	16.8
Intraprovincial migrants	2,815	1,440	1,375	11.4	11.6	11.2	60,000	28,435	31,570	12.4	12.0	12.8
Interprovincial migrants	1,075	570	510	4.4	4.6	4.1	19,860	10,045	9,815	4.1	4.2	4.0
External migrants	525	250	275	2.1	2.0	2.2	7,615	4,035	3,585	1.6	1.7	1.5
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	21,095	10,625	10,470	100.0	100.0	100.0	433,955	211,180	222,775	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	4,950	2,655	2,290	23.5	25.0	21.9	96,375	51,060	45,315	22.2	24.2	20.3
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	16,145	7,970	8,175	76.5	75.0	78.1	337,580	160,120	177,465	77.8	75.8	79.7
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	14,675	7,330	7,350	100.0	100.0	100.0	267,785	129,445	138,340	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	2,365	1,330	1,030	16.1	18.1	14.0	38,650	22,395	16,260	14.4	17.3	11.8
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	12,310	5,995	6,315	83.9	81.8	85.9	229,130	107,050	122,085	85.6	82.7	88.2
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	21,095	10,630	10,470	100.0	100.0	100.0	433,960	211,180	222,775	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	4,470	2,295	2,180	21.2	21.6	20.8	88,710	45,165	43,545	20.4	21.4	19.5
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	5,470	2,485	2,985	25.9	23.4	28.5	119,855	56,485	63,370	27.6	26.7	28.4
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	11,160	5,850	5,305	52.9	55.0	50.7	225,390	109,530	115,860	51.9	51.9	52.0
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	8,585	5,000	3,590	40.7	47.0	34.3	153,200	79,195	74,005	35.3	37.5	33.2
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	3,030	2,300	725	14.4	21.6	6.9	42,715	31,445	11,275	9.8	14.9	5.1
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	1,290	755	530	6.1	7.1	5.1	21,280	12,615	8,665	4.9	6.0	3.9
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	1,740	1,545	195	8.2	14.5	1.9	21,440	18,830	2,610	4.9	8.9	1.2
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	5,195	2,555	2,640	24.6	24.0	25.2	101,680	44,065	57,610	23.4	20.9	25.9
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	360	140	220	1.7	1.3	2.1	8,810	3,690	5,125	2.0	1.7	2.3
Bachelor's degree or higher	2,570	855	1,720	12.2	8.0	16.4	72,190	30,330	41,855	16.6	14.4	18.8
Bachelor's degree	1,890	610	1,275	9.0	5.7	12.2	47,145	19,210	27,935	10.9	9.1	12.5
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	125	30	90	0.6	0.3	0.9	3,245	1,445	1,795	0.7	0.7	0.8
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	55	20	30	0.3	0.2	0.3	2,035	1,055	980	0.5	0.5	0.4
Master's degree	480	175	310	2.3	1.6	3.0	17,150	6,990	10,165	4.0	3.3	4.6
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1	2,610	1,635	975	0.6	0.8	0.4
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	14,675	7,330	7,350	100.0	100.0	100.0	267,785	129,445	138,340	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	2,035	1,090	945	13.9	14.9	12.9	33,800	18,755	15,045	12.6	14.5	10.9
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	3,430	1,565	1,865	23.4	21.4	25.4	65,265	31,435	33,830	24.4	24.3	24.5
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	9,210	4,675	4,540	62.8	63.8	61.8	168,720	79,250	89,465	63.0	61.2	64.7
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	6,965	3,930	3,040	47.5	53.6	41.4	112,935	57,120	55,820	42.2	44.1	40.3
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	2,300	1,710	590	15.7	23.3	8.0	30,020	22,075	7,945	11.2	17.1	5.7
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	980	560	420	6.7	7.6	5.7	14,940	8,940	6,005	5.6	6.9	4.3
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	1,325	1,150	170	9.0	15.7	2.3	15,080	13,140	1,940	5.6	10.2	1.4
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	4,395	2,105	2,285	29.9	28.7	31.1	77,280	32,585	44,700	28.9	25.2	32.3
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	265	110	155	1.8	1.5	2.1	5,635	2,460	3,175	2.1	1.9	2.3
Bachelor's degree or higher	2,245	745	1,500	15.3	10.2	20.4	55,780	22,135	33,650	20.8	17.1	24.3
Bachelor's degree	1,650	545	1,110	11.2	7.4	15.1	35,885	14,135	21,745	13.4	10.9	15.7
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	105	30	80	0.7	0.4	1.1	2,455	995	1,460	0.9	0.8	1.1
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	45	20	25	0.3	0.3	0.3	1,675	785	890	0.6	0.6	0.6
Master's degree	425	150	280	2.9	2.0	3.8	13,875	5,115	8,765	5.2	4.0	6.3
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	20	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0	1,895	1,105	785	0.7	0.9	0.6
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	21,100	10,630	10,470	100.0	100.0	100.0	433,955	211,180	222,775	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	9,940	4,780	5,165	47.1	45.0	49.3	208,565	101,650	106,915	48.1	48.1	48.0
Education	690	165	525	3.3	1.6	5.0	18,310	5,555	12,750	4.2	2.6	5.7
13. Education	690	165	525	3.3	1.6	5.0	18,310	5,555	12,750	4.2	2.6	5.7
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	70	35	30	0.3	0.3	0.3	3,630	1,670	1,955	0.8	0.8	0.9
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1	525	415	115	0.1	0.2	0.1
50. Visual and performing arts	50	30	20	0.2	0.3	0.2	3,100	1,250	1,845	0.7	0.6	0.8
Humanities	290	100	190	1.4	0.9	1.8	7,650	3,285	4,365	1.8	1.6	2.0
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	525	135	390	0.1	0.1	0.2
23. English language and literature/letters	80	25	50	0.4	0.2	0.5	2,020	760	1,260	0.5	0.4	0.6
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	110	35	80	0.5	0.3	0.8	1,820	665	1,155	0.4	0.3	0.5
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	250	130	120	0.1	0.1	0.1
38. Philosophy and religious studies	20	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1	660	370	295	0.2	0.2	0.1
39. Theology and religious vocations	35	20	15	0.2	0.2	0.1	1,115	665	450	0.3	0.3	0.2
54. History	30	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.2	785	470	315	0.2	0.2	0.1
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1	475	100	380	0.1	0.0	0.2
Social and behavioural sciences and law	630	140	490	3.0	1.3	4.7	15,250	4,540	10,705	3.5	2.1	4.8
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1	240	45	195	0.1	0.0	0.1
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	35	10	25	0.2	0.1	0.2	880	375	505	0.2	0.2	0.2
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	235	10	220	1.1	0.1	2.1	3,715	260	3,460	0.9	0.1	1.6
22. Legal professions and studies	65	25	40	0.3	0.2	0.4	1,980	665	1,315	0.5	0.3	0.6
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	130	40	90	0.0	0.0	0.0
42. Psychology	95	25	70	0.5	0.2	0.7	3,090	710	2,375	0.7	0.3	1.1
45. Social sciences	185	65	120	0.9	0.6	1.1	5,210	2,450	2,765	1.2	1.2	1.2
Business, management and public administration	2,040	330	1,710	9.7	3.1	16.3	48,125	11,635	36,490	11.1	5.5	16.4
30.16 Accounting and computer science	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1	90	20	75	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	165	25	140	0.8	0.2	1.3	2,845	430	2,410	0.7	0.2	1.1
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	1,865	310	1,555	8.8	2.9	14.9	45,195	11,195	34,005	10.4	5.3	15.3
Physical and life sciences and technologies	155	65	90	0.7	0.6	0.9	5,875	2,915	2,960	1.4	1.4	1.3
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	45	15	35	0.2	0.1	0.3	2,525	1,070	1,455	0.6	0.5	0.7
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	55	25	30	0.3	0.2	0.3	1,255	595	665	0.3	0.3	0.3
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	115	20	95	0.0	0.0	0.0
40. Physical sciences	45	30	15	0.2	0.3	0.1	1,725	1,150	570	0.4	0.5	0.3
41. Science technologies/technicians	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1	255	80	175	0.1	0.0	0.1
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	270	105	160	1.3	1.0	1.5	8,180	4,515	3,665	1.9	2.1	1.6
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	255	105	150	1.2	1.0	1.4	6,920	3,960	2,960	1.6	1.9	1.3
25. Library science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	450	45	400	0.1	0.0	0.2
27. Mathematics and statistics	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1	740	440	300	0.2	0.2	0.1
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	75	70	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	4,135	3,550	585	19.6	33.4	5.6	57,910	52,800	5,115	13.3	25.0	2.3
04. Architecture and related services	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1	335	230	100	0.1	0.1	0.0
14. Engineering	245	185	60	1.2	1.7	0.6	6,545	5,290	1,255	1.5	2.5	0.6
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	970	655	310	4.6	6.2	3.0	13,965	11,610	2,355	3.2	5.5	1.1
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	1,130	1,040	90	5.4	9.8	0.9	17,805	17,160	645	4.1	8.1	0.3
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	1,340	1,250	85	6.4	11.8	0.8	12,505	12,070	435	2.9	5.7	0.2
48. Precision production	430	400	30	2.0	3.8	0.3	6,745	6,435	310	1.6	3.0	0.1
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	270	135	135	1.3	1.3	1.3	4,250	2,475	1,775	1.0	1.2	0.8
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	50	15	40	0.2	0.1	0.4	1,735	630	1,105	0.4	0.3	0.5
03. Natural resources and conservation	225	120	100	1.1	1.1	1.0	2,515	1,850	670	0.6	0.9	0.3
Health and related fields	1,085	175	915	5.1	1.6	8.7	33,535	5,660	27,875	7.7	2.7	12.5
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	75	40	35	0.4	0.4	0.3	1,570	765	800	0.4	0.4	0.4
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	985	125	860	4.7	1.2	8.2	31,065	4,415	26,650	7.2	2.1	12.0
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	120	35	85	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	20	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1	785	445	340	0.2	0.2	0.2
Personal, protective and transportation services	1,520	1,040	480	7.2	9.8	4.6	22,650	14,470	8,180	5.2	6.9	3.7
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	370	80	290	1.8	0.8	2.8	9,190	2,260	6,925	2.1	1.1	3.1
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	20	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	110	95	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	225	165	60	1.1	1.6	0.6	2,180	1,655	525	0.5	0.8	0.2
49. Transportation and materials moving	920	795	125	4.4	7.5	1.2	11,155	10,450	710	2.6	4.9	0.3
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	35	15	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	14,680	7,325	7,345	100.0	100.0	100.0	267,785	129,445	138,340	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	5,465	2,655	2,810	37.2	36.2	38.3	99,065	50,190	48,875	37.0	38.8	35.3
Education	545	115	430	3.7	1.6	5.9	11,025	2,785	8,240	4.1	2.2	6.0
13. Education	545	115	430	3.7	1.6	5.9	11,025	2,785	8,240	4.1	2.2	6.0
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	45	25	15	0.3	0.3	0.2	2,860	1,265	1,595	1.1	1.0	1.2
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1	330	250	80	0.1	0.2	0.1
50. Visual and performing arts	25	15	10	0.2	0.2	0.1	2,535	1,015	1,515	0.9	0.8	1.1
Humanities	240	65	175	1.6	0.9	2.4	5,215	2,150	3,065	1.9	1.7	2.2
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	375	100	275	0.1	0.1	0.2
23. English language and literature/letters	65	15	50	0.4	0.2	0.7	1,300	470	835	0.5	0.4	0.6
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	85	15	75	0.6	0.2	1.0	1,325	470	860	0.5	0.4	0.6
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	185	90	90	0.1	0.1	0.1
38. Philosophy and religious studies	20	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1	480	255	235	0.2	0.2	0.2
39. Theology and religious vocations	25	10	10	0.2	0.1	0.1	650	375	270	0.2	0.3	0.2
54. History	30	10	20	0.2	0.1	0.3	575	340	235	0.2	0.3	0.2
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0	320	55	265	0.1	0.0	0.2
Social and behavioural sciences and law	590	130	460	4.0	1.8	6.3	12,275	3,320	8,955	4.6	2.6	6.5
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	20	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.3	215	40	175	0.1	0.0	0.1
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	30	10	15	0.2	0.1	0.2	720	285	435	0.3	0.2	0.3
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	230	10	215	1.6	0.1	2.9	3,130	215	2,915	1.2	0.2	2.1
22. Legal professions and studies	60	25	35	0.4	0.3	0.5	1,625	455	1,160	0.6	0.4	0.8
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	105	30	75	0.0	0.0	0.1
42. Psychology	85	20	55	0.6	0.3	0.7	2,395	500	1,900	0.9	0.4	1.4
45. Social sciences	175	65	110	1.2	0.9	1.5	4,090	1,790	2,305	1.5	1.4	1.7
Business, management and public administration	1,795	305	1,490	12.2	4.2	20.3	36,780	8,440	28,340	13.7	6.5	20.5
30.16 Accounting and computer science	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2	75	10	65	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	135	20	110	0.9	0.3	1.5	2,235	265	1,970	0.8	0.2	1.4
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	1,645	280	1,365	11.2	3.8	18.6	34,470	8,170	26,310	12.9	6.3	19.0
Physical and life sciences and technologies	120	60	65	0.8	0.8	0.9	4,340	2,110	2,230	1.6	1.6	1.6
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	40	10	25	0.3	0.1	0.3	1,890	765	1,120	0.7	0.6	0.8
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	30	20	10	0.2	0.3	0.1	885	410	475	0.3	0.3	0.3
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	85	20	60	0.0	0.0	0.0
40. Physical sciences	40	25	15	0.3	0.3	0.2	1,345	865	480	0.5	0.7	0.3
41. Science technologies/technicians	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0	140	40	100	0.1	0.0	0.1
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	255	105	140	1.7	1.4	1.9	7,170	3,980	3,190	2.7	3.1	2.3
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	240	105	135	1.6	1.4	1.8	6,265	3,615	2,650	2.3	2.8	1.9
25. Library science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	340	40	300	0.1	0.0	0.2
27. Mathematics and statistics	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1	515	280	235	0.2	0.2	0.2
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	55	45	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	3,330	2,790	540	22.7	38.1	7.4	42,160	37,625	4,525	15.7	29.1	3.3
04. Architecture and related services	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1	240	160	85	0.1	0.1	0.1
14. Engineering	225	170	60	1.5	2.3	0.8	5,290	4,165	1,125	2.0	3.2	0.8
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	875	575	295	6.0	7.8	4.0	10,780	8,640	2,145	4.0	6.7	1.6
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	875	810	70	6.0	11.1	1.0	12,995	12,460	540	4.9	9.6	0.4
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	1,020	940	80	6.9	12.8	1.1	8,240	7,870	370	3.1	6.1	0.3
48. Precision production	315	285	30	2.1	3.9	0.4	4,600	4,340	260	1.7	3.4	0.2
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	225	105	115	1.5	1.4	1.6	3,435	1,920	1,520	1.3	1.5	1.1
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	35	15	25	0.2	0.2	0.3	1,360	470	890	0.5	0.4	0.6
03. Natural resources and conservation	185	95	95	1.3	1.3	1.3	2,075	1,445	630	0.8	1.1	0.5
Health and related fields	860	145	715	5.9	2.0	9.7	25,500	4,245	21,260	9.5	3.3	15.4
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	65	45	30	0.4	0.6	0.4	1,215	605	610	0.5	0.5	0.4
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	775	95	680	5.3	1.3	9.3	23,530	3,275	20,255	8.8	2.5	14.6
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	115	30	85	0.0	0.0	0.1
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1	645	340	305	0.2	0.3	0.2
Personal, protective and transportation services	1,210	820	390	8.2	11.2	5.3	17,925	11,395	6,530	6.7	8.8	4.7
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	285	70	215	1.9	1.0	2.9	7,255	1,750	5,505	2.7	1.4	4.0
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	20	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0	80	65	15	0.0	0.1	0.0
43. Security and protective services	190	130	55	1.3	1.8	0.7	1,765	1,325	445	0.7	1.0	0.3
49. Transportation and materials moving	735	620	115	5.0	8.5	1.6	8,805	8,245	560	3.3	6.4	0.4
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	30	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	14,680	7,325	7,345	100.0	100.0	100.0	267,785	129,445	138,340	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	5,465	2,655	2,810	37.2	36.2	38.3	99,065	50,190	48,875	37.0	38.8	35.3
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	9,215	4,670	4,540	62.8	63.8	61.8	168,720	79,250	89,465	63.0	61.2	64.7
Location of study inside Canada	8,605	4,405	4,195	58.6	60.1	57.1	161,880	76,015	85,870	60.5	58.7	62.1
Same as province or territory of residence	6,720	3,505	3,210	45.8	47.8	43.7	137,745	64,835	72,910	51.4	50.1	52.7
Different than province or territory of residence	1,885	900	985	12.8	12.3	13.4	24,140	11,175	12,960	9.0	8.6	9.4
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	610	265	345	4.2	3.6	4.7	6,840	3,240	3,600	2.6	2.5	2.6
Americas	50	25	30	0.3	0.3	0.4	1,625	730	895	0.6	0.6	0.6
United States of America	25	15	15	0.2	0.2	0.2	1,160	555	615	0.4	0.4	0.4
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	40	15	25	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	15	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1	115	50	70	0.0	0.0	0.1
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	85	35	60	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	20	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	140	65	85	0.1	0.1	0.1
Europe	90	50	40	0.6	0.7	0.5	1,735	1,000	735	0.6	0.8	0.5
Belgium	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	20	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0	100	45	55	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germany	25	20	0	0.2	0.3	0.0	120	80	45	0.0	0.1	0.0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Switzerland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	20	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	25	20	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	60	20	40	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	40	10	30	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	160	90	65	0.1	0.1	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	30	10	25	0.2	0.1	0.3	945	575	370	0.4	0.4	0.3
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	30	20	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Europe	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0	180	100	80	0.1	0.1	0.1
Africa	30	10	20	0.2	0.1	0.3	685	350	335	0.3	0.3	0.2
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	205	85	125	0.1	0.1	0.1
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1	35	15	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	35	20	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	130	70	65	0.0	0.1	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	65	35	25	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Africa	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1	210	120	95	0.1	0.1	0.1
Asia	430	180	250	2.9	2.5	3.4	2,635	1,100	1,535	1.0	0.8	1.1
Iran⁸⁸	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1	245	110	135	0.1	0.1	0.1
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	75	40	35	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	30	15	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	35	15	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	200	100	100	0.1	0.1	0.1
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	25	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	30	10	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	75	15	65	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	300	120	185	2.0	1.6	2.5	955	355	600	0.4	0.3	0.4
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	45	25	25	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1	120	55	70	0.0	0.0	0.1
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	70	40	30	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	60	30	25	0.4	0.4	0.3	515	260	260	0.2	0.2	0.2
Pakistan	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0	70	20	50	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Asia	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2	125	40	80	0.0	0.0	0.1
Oceania	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0	160	65	90	0.1	0.1	0.1
Australia	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0	145	60	80	0.1	0.0	0.1
New Zealand	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	21,100	10,630	10,465	...	...	...	433,960	211,180	222,775	...	...	...
In the labour force	14,255	7,520	6,735	...	...	...	243,330	123,685	119,645	...	...	...
Employed	12,465	6,485	5,980	...	...	...	206,285	101,475	104,810	...	...	...
Unemployed	1,795	1,040	755	...	...	...	37,045	22,210	14,835	...	...	...
Not in the labour force	6,840	3,105	3,735	...	...	...	190,625	87,500	103,130	...	...	...
Participation rate	67.6	70.7	64.4	67.6	70.7	64.4	56.1	58.6	53.7	56.1	58.6	53.7
Employment rate	59.1	61.0	57.1	59.1	61.0	57.1	47.5	48.1	47.0	47.5	48.1	47.0
Unemployment rate	12.6	13.8	11.2	12.6	13.8	11.2	15.2	18.0	12.4	15.2	18.0	12.4
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	21,100	10,630	10,470	100.0	100.0	100.0	433,955	211,180	222,775	100.0	100.0	100.0
Did not work¹⁸⁶	6,210	2,790	3,415	29.4	26.2	32.6	183,800	83,580	100,220	42.4	39.6	45.0
Worked	14,890	7,835	7,050	70.6	73.7	67.3	250,155	127,600	122,555	57.6	60.4	55.0
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	8,295	4,540	3,750	39.3	42.7	35.8	119,335	59,590	59,750	27.5	28.2	26.8
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	6,595	3,295	3,305	31.3	31.0	31.6	130,815	68,005	62,810	30.1	32.2	28.2
Average weeks worked in reference year	39.3	39.6	38.9	39.3	39.6	38.9	37.8	36.8	38.8	37.8	36.8	38.8
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	14,255	7,525	6,730	100.0	100.0	100.0	243,330	123,685	119,650	100.0	100.0	100.0
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	290	175	110	2.0	2.3	1.6	6,930	3,810	3,120	2.8	3.1	2.6
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	13,965	7,345	6,620	98.0	97.6	98.4	236,405	119,880	116,525	97.2	96.9	97.4
Employee	13,355	7,045	6,310	93.7	93.6	93.8	217,070	108,290	108,780	89.2	87.6	90.9
Permanent position	10,425	5,595	4,830	73.1	74.4	71.8	153,520	73,940	79,585	63.1	59.8	66.5
Temporary position	2,930	1,450	1,480	20.6	19.3	22.0	63,545	34,345	29,200	26.1	27.8	24.4
Fixed term (1 year or more)	690	295	395	4.8	3.9	5.9	13,300	5,940	7,360	5.5	4.8	6.2
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	2,240	1,155	1,085	15.7	15.3	16.1	50,245	28,405	21,840	20.6	23.0	18.3
Self-employed¹⁹²	605	300	305	4.2	4.0	4.5	19,335	11,590	7,745	7.9	9.4	6.5
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	14,255	7,525	6,730	100.0	100.0	100.0	243,330	123,685	119,650	100.0	100.0	100.0
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	290	175	110	2.0	2.3	1.6	6,930	3,810	3,120	2.8	3.1	2.6
All occupations¹⁹¹	13,965	7,345	6,620	98.0	97.6	98.4	236,405	119,880	116,525	97.2	96.9	97.4
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	135	60	70	0.9	0.8	1.0	2,045	1,195	845	0.8	1.0	0.7
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	1,655	325	1,330	11.6	4.3	19.8	32,540	8,655	23,880	13.4	7.0	20.0
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	750	515	240	5.3	6.8	3.6	15,155	11,765	3,390	6.2	9.5	2.8
3 Health occupations	695	90	600	4.9	1.2	8.9	21,510	3,785	17,730	8.8	3.1	14.8
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	2,000	665	1,335	14.0	8.8	19.8	33,725	9,490	24,235	13.9	7.7	20.3
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	160	65	95	1.1	0.9	1.4	4,735	2,040	2,700	1.9	1.6	2.3
6 Sales and service occupations	3,200	1,030	2,165	22.4	13.7	32.2	59,440	24,065	35,370	24.4	19.5	29.6
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	3,845	3,430	410	27.0	45.6	6.1	47,285	43,685	3,600	19.4	35.3	3.0
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	970	755	215	6.8	10.0	3.2	10,740	8,785	1,960	4.4	7.1	1.6
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	560	400	155	3.9	5.3	2.3	9,225	6,410	2,820	3.8	5.2	2.4
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	14,255	7,525	6,730	100.0	100.0	100.0	243,330	123,685	119,650	100.0	100.0	100.0
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	290	175	110	2.0	2.3	1.6	6,930	3,810	3,120	2.8	3.1	2.6
All industries¹⁹¹	13,965	7,345	6,620	98.0	97.6	98.4	236,405	119,880	116,525	97.2	96.9	97.4
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	330	250	80	2.3	3.3	1.2	9,425	7,130	2,290	3.9	5.8	1.9
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	2,645	2,010	635	18.6	26.7	9.4	9,715	8,125	1,590	4.0	6.6	1.3
22 Utilities	470	360	105	3.3	4.8	1.6	2,795	2,100	690	1.1	1.7	0.6
23 Construction	980	805	170	6.9	10.7	2.5	19,380	17,220	2,160	8.0	13.9	1.8
31-33 Manufacturing	445	280	170	3.1	3.7	2.5	11,670	7,960	3,705	4.8	6.4	3.1
41 Wholesale trade	340	220	120	2.4	2.9	1.8	4,780	3,570	1,210	2.0	2.9	1.0
44-45 Retail trade	1,435	610	825	10.1	8.1	12.3	29,955	13,220	16,730	12.3	10.7	14.0
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	665	440	225	4.7	5.8	3.3	11,815	8,955	2,865	4.9	7.2	2.4
51 Information and cultural industries	50	25	25	0.4	0.3	0.4	2,740	1,495	1,240	1.1	1.2	1.0
52 Finance and insurance	105	15	85	0.7	0.2	1.3	4,610	1,530	3,080	1.9	1.2	2.6
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	120	50	60	0.8	0.7	0.9	2,125	1,285	845	0.9	1.0	0.7
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	290	150	140	2.0	2.0	2.1	11,525	6,680	4,845	4.7	5.4	4.0
55 Management of companies and enterprises	20	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0	260	135	130	0.1	0.1	0.1
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	540	275	255	3.8	3.7	3.8	7,470	4,505	2,970	3.1	3.6	2.5
61 Educational services	775	160	610	5.4	2.1	9.1	17,205	5,565	11,635	7.1	4.5	9.7
62 Health care and social assistance	1,705	265	1,445	12.0	3.5	21.5	40,245	6,895	33,345	16.5	5.6	27.9
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	135	65	70	0.9	0.9	1.0	3,765	1,895	1,875	1.5	1.5	1.6
72 Accommodation and food services	825	275	560	5.8	3.7	8.3	15,310	6,005	9,310	6.3	4.9	7.8
81 Other services (except public administration)	505	240	260	3.5	3.2	3.9	9,885	4,720	5,160	4.1	3.8	4.3
91 Public administration	1,595	825	770	11.2	11.0	11.4	21,725	10,875	10,850	8.9	8.8	9.1
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	15,825	8,265	7,560	100.0	100.0	100.0	267,975	136,470	131,505	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	14,630	7,815	6,815	92.4	94.6	90.1	263,530	134,805	128,725	98.3	98.8	97.9
French	40	30	15	0.3	0.4	0.2	430	145	285	0.2	0.1	0.2
Non-official language	195	75	110	1.2	0.9	1.5	295	145	150	0.1	0.1	0.1
Indigenous³⁹	185	70	110	1.2	0.8	1.5	185	70	110	0.1	0.1	0.1
Non-Indigenous	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0	110	70	35	0.0	0.1	0.0
English and French	355	125	230	2.2	1.5	3.0	2,565	865	1,700	1.0	0.6	1.3
English and non-official language(s)	590	210	380	3.7	2.5	5.0	1,080	460	615	0.4	0.3	0.5
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0	55	35	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	15,825	8,265	7,560	100.0	100.0	100.0	267,975	136,470	131,505	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	15,650	8,215	7,435	98.9	99.4	98.3	267,450	136,280	131,175	99.8	99.9	99.7
Official languages	15,245	8,045	7,200	96.3	97.3	95.2	266,895	136,025	130,870	99.6	99.7	99.5
English	15,150	8,000	7,150	95.7	96.8	94.6	265,980	135,770	130,205	99.3	99.5	99.0
French	90	45	45	0.6	0.5	0.6	915	250	665	0.3	0.2	0.5
Non-official languages	405	170	235	2.6	2.1	3.1	560	255	300	0.2	0.2	0.2
Indigenous languages³⁹	395	160	230	2.5	1.9	3.0	395	160	235	0.1	0.1	0.2
Algonquian languages	380	155	220	2.4	1.9	2.9	380	155	220	0.1	0.1	0.2
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	380	155	220	2.4	1.9	2.9	380	155	220	0.1	0.1	0.2
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	380	155	220	2.4	1.9	2.9	380	155	220	0.1	0.1	0.2
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	10	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1	165	95	70	0.1	0.1	0.1
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0	70	40	35	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0	25	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	35	25	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	30	25	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	50	35	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	50	35	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	25	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	25	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	175	50	125	1.1	0.6	1.7	525	185	335	0.2	0.1	0.3
English and French	15	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.2	275	95	180	0.1	0.1	0.1
English and non-official language(s)	160	45	110	1.0	0.5	1.5	245	95	155	0.1	0.1	0.1
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	15,825	8,265	7,560	100.0	100.0	100.0	267,975	136,470	131,505	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	15,035	7,975	7,065	95.0	96.5	93.5	264,780	135,285	129,495	98.8	99.1	98.5
English	250	105	140	1.6	1.3	1.9	725	210	510	0.3	0.2	0.4
French	300	110	190	1.9	1.3	2.5	1,820	670	1,150	0.7	0.5	0.9
Non-official language	225	70	160	1.4	0.8	2.1	555	225	330	0.2	0.2	0.3
Indigenous³⁹	175	45	125	1.1	0.5	1.7	205	55	155	0.1	0.0	0.1
Non-Indigenous	50	20	30	0.3	0.2	0.4	350	170	175	0.1	0.1	0.1
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	50	35	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	35	35	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	12,460	6,480	5,980	100.0	100.0	100.0	206,285	101,470	104,810	100.0	100.0	100.0
Worked at home	695	245	450	5.6	3.8	7.5	26,785	11,395	15,390	13.0	11.2	14.7
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	425	355	70	0.2	0.3	0.1
No fixed workplace address	1,200	885	315	9.6	13.7	5.3	31,185	22,560	8,620	15.1	22.2	8.2
Usual place of work	10,565	5,345	5,215	84.8	82.5	87.2	147,885	67,155	80,735	71.7	66.2	77.0
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	10,565	5,345	5,215	100.0	100.0	100.0	147,890	67,155	80,730	100.0	100.0	100.0
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	8,035	4,015	4,020	76.1	75.1	77.1	82,225	35,265	46,960	55.6	52.5	58.2
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	2,225	1,170	1,065	21.1	21.9	20.4	56,600	25,895	30,700	38.3	38.6	38.0
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	205	100	100	1.9	1.9	1.9	6,465	3,875	2,595	4.4	5.8	3.2
Commute to a different province or territory	95	65	30	0.9	1.2	0.6	2,600	2,115	485	1.8	3.1	0.6
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	11,765	6,235	5,530	100.0	100.0	100.0	179,070	89,715	89,355	100.0	100.0	100.0
Car, truck or van	10,215	5,400	4,815	86.8	86.6	87.1	159,145	78,195	80,950	88.9	87.2	90.6
Car, truck or van - as a driver	9,495	5,130	4,365	80.7	82.3	78.9	143,960	71,835	72,125	80.4	80.1	80.7
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	720	270	445	6.1	4.3	8.0	15,190	6,355	8,825	8.5	7.1	9.9
Public transit	80	70	10	0.7	1.1	0.2	3,580	2,145	1,440	2.0	2.4	1.6
Walked	650	275	370	5.5	4.4	6.7	8,680	3,725	4,950	4.8	4.2	5.5
Bicycle	25	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2	235	170	65	0.1	0.2	0.1
Other method	805	475	330	6.8	7.6	6.0	7,435	5,480	1,950	4.2	6.1	2.2
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	11,765	6,235	5,530	100.0	100.0	100.0	179,070	89,715	89,355	100.0	100.0	100.0
Less than 15 minutes	8,515	4,225	4,290	72.4	67.8	77.6	92,060	42,265	49,795	51.4	47.1	55.7
15 to 29 minutes	2,260	1,440	820	19.2	23.1	14.8	55,765	28,095	27,670	31.1	31.3	31.0
30 to 44 minutes	510	255	260	4.3	4.1	4.7	15,825	8,725	7,105	8.8	9.7	8.0
45 to 59 minutes	210	120	85	1.8	1.9	1.5	5,090	2,870	2,215	2.8	3.2	2.5
60 minutes and over	275	195	75	2.3	3.1	1.4	10,330	7,760	2,570	5.8	8.6	2.9
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	11,765	6,235	5,530	100.0	100.0	100.0	179,070	89,715	89,355	100.0	100.0	100.0
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	705	520	185	6.0	8.3	3.3	8,625	6,615	2,015	4.8	7.4	2.3
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	1,900	1,420	480	16.1	22.8	8.7	22,605	15,340	7,260	12.6	17.1	8.1
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	4,030	2,200	1,830	34.3	35.3	33.1	53,845	28,445	25,400	30.1	31.7	28.4
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	2,805	1,095	1,705	23.8	17.6	30.8	48,930	20,070	28,860	27.3	22.4	32.3
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	1,150	410	740	9.8	6.6	13.4	20,935	7,055	13,885	11.7	7.9	15.5
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	1,175	585	590	10.0	9.4	10.7	24,125	12,195	11,935	13.5	13.6	13.4
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	6,160	3,100	3,055	100.0	100.0	100.0	85,265	43,900	41,365	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	410	200	210	6.7	6.5	6.9	2,955	1,475	1,480	3.5	3.4	3.6
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	5,755	2,905	2,850	93.4	93.7	93.3	82,310	42,425	39,885	96.5	96.6	96.4
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	4,535	2,280	2,250	100.0	100.0	100.0	64,755	33,355	31,405	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	300	145	155	6.6	6.4	6.9	2,220	1,110	1,105	3.4	3.3	3.5
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	200	85	110	4.4	3.7	4.9	1,200	580	620	1.9	1.7	2.0
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	100	55	45	2.2	2.4	2.0	1,015	530	485	1.6	1.6	1.5
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	4,235	2,140	2,095	93.4	93.9	93.1	62,540	32,245	30,290	96.6	96.7	96.4

Symbol legend

..
not available for a specific reference period
...
not applicable

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed July 5, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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