Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	Cowichan BayMore information: British Columbia [Population centre]
	Counts			Rates
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	2,799	...	...	...	...	...
Population, 2016¹	2,557^r	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	9.5	...	...	9.5	...	...
Total private dwellings²	1,227	...	...	...	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	1,162	...	...	...	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	626.5	...	...	626.5	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	4.47	...	...	...	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	2,800	1,365	1,435	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	405	215	190	14.5	15.8	13.2
0 to 4 years	100	60	40	3.6	4.4	2.8
5 to 9 years	155	80	75	5.5	5.9	5.2
10 to 14 years	150	70	75	5.4	5.1	5.2
15 to 64 years	1,620	775	845	57.9	56.8	58.9
15 to 19 years	110	55	60	3.9	4.0	4.2
20 to 24 years	95	45	50	3.4	3.3	3.5
25 to 29 years	95	45	45	3.4	3.3	3.1
30 to 34 years	120	60	55	4.3	4.4	3.8
35 to 39 years	185	95	90	6.6	7.0	6.3
40 to 44 years	195	90	100	7.0	6.6	7.0
45 to 49 years	160	80	85	5.7	5.9	5.9
50 to 54 years	195	100	95	7.0	7.3	6.6
55 to 59 years	205	95	110	7.3	7.0	7.7
60 to 64 years	260	110	150	9.3	8.1	10.5
65 years and over	775	375	400	27.7	27.5	27.9
65 to 69 years	285	135	150	10.2	9.9	10.5
70 to 74 years	235	120	115	8.4	8.8	8.0
75 to 79 years	130	65	70	4.6	4.8	4.9
80 to 84 years	60	30	30	2.1	2.2	2.1
85 years and over	60	30	30	2.1	2.2	2.1
85 to 89 years	40	15	20	1.4	1.1	1.4
90 to 94 years	10	10	5	0.4	0.7	0.3
95 to 99 years	10	0	10	0.4	0.0	0.7
100 years and over	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	14.5	15.8	13.2	14.5	15.8	13.2
15 to 64 years	57.9	56.8	58.9	57.9	56.8	58.9
65 years and over	27.7	27.5	27.9	27.7	27.5	27.9
85 years and over	2.1	2.2	2.1	2.1	2.2	2.1
Average age of the population	47.1	46.4	47.8	47.1	46.4	47.8
Median age of the population	50.8	50.0	52.0	50.8	50.0	52.0
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	1,165	...	...	100.0	...	...
Single-detached house	925	...	...	79.4	...	...
Semi-detached house	15	...	...	1.3	...	...
Row house	40	...	...	3.4	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	10	...	...	0.9	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	75	...	...	6.4	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Other single-attached house	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	100	...	...	8.6	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	1,160	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 person	295	...	...	25.4	...	...
2 persons	485	...	...	41.8	...	...
3 persons	170	...	...	14.7	...	...
4 persons	135	...	...	11.6	...	...
5 or more persons	75	...	...	6.5	...	...
Number of persons in private households	2,730	1,315	1,410	100.0	100.0	100.0
Average household size	2.4	...	...	2.4	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	2,395	1,145	1,245	100.0	100.0	100.0
Married or living common-law	1,545	775	770	64.5	67.7	61.8
Married	1,295	655	645	54.1	57.2	51.8
Living common-law	250	125	125	10.4	10.9	10.0
Living common law - Never married	135	75	65	5.6	6.6	5.2
Living common law - Separated	15	10	5	0.6	0.9	0.4
Living common law - Divorced	85	35	50	3.5	3.1	4.0
Living common law - Widowed	10	0	5	0.4	0.0	0.4
Not married and not living common-law	845	370	480	35.3	32.3	38.6
Not married and not living common law - Never married	455	240	215	19.0	21.0	17.3
Not married and not living common law - Separated	70	30	40	2.9	2.6	3.2
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	190	70	125	7.9	6.1	10.0
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	135	35	100	5.6	3.1	8.0
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	860	...	...	100.0	...	...
2 persons	525	...	...	61.0	...	...
3 persons	160	...	...	18.6	...	...
4 persons	120	...	...	14.0	...	...
5 or more persons	50	...	...	5.8	...	...
Average size of census families	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.7	...	...	1.7	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	855	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total couple families	750	...	...	87.7	...	...
Married couples	625	...	...	73.1	...	...
With children⁶	255	...	...	29.8	...	...
Without children	375	...	...	43.9	...	...
Common-law couples	125	...	...	14.6	...	...
With children⁶	45	...	...	5.3	...	...
Without children	85	...	...	9.9	...	...
Total one-parent families	110	...	...	12.9	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	80	...	...	9.4	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	25	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	2,730	1,315	1,410	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total - Persons in census families	2,275	1,125	1,150	83.3	85.6	81.6
Married spouses or common-law partners	1,500	750	750	54.9	57.0	53.2
Parents in one-parent families	105	25	80	3.8	1.9	5.7
Children⁶	665	350	320	24.4	26.6	22.7
In a two-parent family	515	280	240	18.9	21.3	17.0
In a one-parent family	150	75	80	5.5	5.7	5.7
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	450	185	260	16.5	14.1	18.4
Living alone	300	120	180	11.0	9.1	12.8
Living with other relatives⁷	55	20	35	2.0	1.5	2.5
Living with non-relatives only	95	50	50	3.5	3.8	3.5
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	1,160	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	750	...	...	64.7	...	...
Couple-family households	670	...	...	57.8	...	...
With children⁶	265	...	...	22.8	...	...
Without children	405	...	...	34.9	...	...
One-parent-family households	75	...	...	6.5	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	30	...	...	2.6	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	5	...	...	0.4	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	40	...	...	3.4	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	40	...	...	3.4	...	...
One-person households	295	...	...	25.4	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	2,320	1,095	1,220	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	2,285	1,085	1,200	98.5	99.1	98.4
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	43,600	52,800	37,600	43,600	52,800	37,600
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	2,290	1,085	1,200	98.7	99.1	98.4
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	39,600	47,200	34,800	39,600	47,200	34,800
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	2,120	1,005	1,115	91.4	91.8	91.4
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	34,800	45,200	26,800	34,800	45,200	26,800
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	1,490	730	760	64.2	66.7	62.3
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	38,800	52,000	28,800	38,800	52,000	28,800
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	1,895	845	1,050	81.7	77.2	86.1
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	13,000	13,200	12,800	13,000	13,200	12,800
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	180	85	95	7.8	7.8	7.8
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	4,800	4,640	5,200	4,800	4,640	5,200
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	510	215	295	22.0	19.6	24.2
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,750	6,000	8,000	7,750	6,000	8,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	2,330	1,100	1,225	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	2,285	1,085	1,205	98.1	98.6	98.4
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	51,350	57,800	45,500	51,350	57,800	45,500
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	2,290	1,085	1,205	98.3	98.6	98.4
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	44,440	49,100	40,200	44,440	49,100	40,200
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	2,110	1,015	1,100	90.6	92.3	89.8
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	44,680	51,800	38,100	44,680	51,800	38,100
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	1,435	705	725	61.6	64.1	59.2
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	46,000	53,200	39,000	46,000	53,200	39,000
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	1,900	845	1,055	81.5	76.8	86.1
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	12,130	12,000	12,240	12,130	12,000	12,240
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	200	105	95	8.6	9.5	7.8
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,600	6,200	7,000	6,600	6,200	7,000
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	515	220	295	22.1	20.0	24.1
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,120	7,450	8,600	8,120	7,450	8,600
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	2,330	1,100	1,225	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	565	300	265	24.2	27.3	21.6
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	78,000	82,000	75,000	78,000	82,000	75,000
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	75,600	83,000	68,000	75,600	83,000	68,000
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	645	310	330	27.7	28.2	26.9
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	20,800	24,800	19,000	20,800	24,800	19,000
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	30,700	36,000	25,700	30,700	36,000	25,700
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	80.4	83.6	76.4	80.4	83.6	76.4
Employment income (%)¹⁹	56.2	60.2	51.6	56.2	60.2	51.6
Government transfers (%)²⁰	19.7	16.2	23.6	19.7	16.2	23.6
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.1	1.0	1.2	1.1	1.0	1.2
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	4.6	3.4	6.0	4.6	3.4	6.0
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	3.6	2.6	4.7	3.6	2.6	4.7
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	2,320	1,100	1,225	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without total income	35	15	25	1.5	1.4	2.0
With total income	2,285	1,085	1,205	98.5	98.6	98.4
Under $10,000 (including loss)	180	80	95	7.9	7.4	7.9
$10,000 to $19,999	270	100	165	11.8	9.2	13.7
$20,000 to $29,999	310	110	205	13.6	10.1	17.0
$30,000 to $39,999	285	120	170	12.5	11.1	14.1
$40,000 to $49,999	255	100	150	11.2	9.2	12.4
$50,000 to $59,999	230	105	125	10.1	9.7	10.4
$60,000 to $69,999	165	110	55	7.2	10.1	4.6
$70,000 to $79,999	135	85	50	5.9	7.8	4.1
$80,000 to $89,999	120	60	60	5.3	5.5	5.0
$90,000 to $99,999	75	40	35	3.3	3.7	2.9
$100,000 and over	265	175	90	11.6	16.1	7.5
$100,000 to $149,999	190	120	75	8.3	11.1	6.2
$150,000 and over	75	55	20	3.3	5.1	1.7
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	2,320	1,100	1,225	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without after-tax income	35	15	20	1.5	1.4	1.6
With after-tax income	2,285	1,085	1,200	98.5	98.6	98.0
Under $10,000 (including loss)	185	85	105	8.1	7.8	8.8
$10,000 to $19,999	275	105	170	12.0	9.7	14.2
$20,000 to $29,999	370	130	245	16.2	12.0	20.4
$30,000 to $39,999	320	125	190	14.0	11.5	15.8
$40,000 to $49,999	305	135	170	13.3	12.4	14.2
$50,000 to $59,999	225	140	90	9.8	12.9	7.5
$60,000 to $69,999	165	105	65	7.2	9.7	5.4
$70,000 to $79,999	145	75	70	6.3	6.9	5.8
$80,000 to $89,999	90	55	35	3.9	5.1	2.9
$90,000 to $99,999	70	45	25	3.1	4.1	2.1
$100,000 and over	130	85	45	5.7	7.8	3.8
$100,000 to $124,999	65	45	25	2.8	4.1	2.1
$125,000 and over	65	45	15	2.8	4.1	1.3
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	2,320	1,100	1,225	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without employment income	830	370	460	35.8	33.6	37.6
With employment income	1,490	730	760	64.2	66.4	62.0
Under $5,000 (including loss)	235	90	140	15.8	12.3	18.4
$5,000 to $9,999	110	35	70	7.4	4.8	9.2
$10,000 to $19,999	185	70	110	12.4	9.6	14.5
$20,000 to $29,999	120	50	70	8.1	6.8	9.2
$30,000 to $39,999	110	50	60	7.4	6.8	7.9
$40,000 to $49,999	115	50	70	7.7	6.8	9.2
$50,000 to $59,999	105	50	50	7.0	6.8	6.6
$60,000 to $69,999	90	65	30	6.0	8.9	3.9
$70,000 to $79,999	90	50	35	6.0	6.8	4.6
$80,000 to $89,999	95	50	45	6.4	6.8	5.9
$90,000 to $99,999	65	30	30	4.4	4.1	3.9
$100,000 and over	180	130	50	12.1	17.8	6.6
$100,000 to $124,999	100	65	30	6.7	8.9	3.9
$125,000 and over	80	65	20	5.4	8.9	2.6
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	2,320	1,095	1,220	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	2,225	1,055	1,170	95.9	96.3	95.9
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	42,400	53,200	36,000	42,400	53,200	36,000
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	2,230	1,060	1,175	96.1	96.8	96.3
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	38,000	46,800	32,800	38,000	46,800	32,800
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	2,075	990	1,090	89.4	90.4	89.3
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	37,200	47,600	29,400	37,200	47,600	29,400
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	1,595	780	815	68.8	71.2	66.8
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	37,600	50,400	28,000	37,600	50,400	28,000
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	1,540	645	895	66.4	58.9	73.4
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	10,500	12,900	9,700	10,500	12,900	9,700
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	135	60	80	5.8	5.5	6.6
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	4,800	4,200	5,000	4,800	4,200	5,000
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	2,330	1,100	1,225	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	2,205	1,045	1,160	94.6	95.0	94.7
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	52,150	60,300	44,800	52,150	60,300	44,800
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	2,215	1,050	1,170	95.1	95.5	95.5
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	44,600	50,600	39,200	44,600	50,600	39,200
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	2,065	985	1,085	88.6	89.5	88.6
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	47,880	56,900	39,600	47,880	56,900	39,600
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	1,555	770	780	66.7	70.0	63.7
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	45,720	53,900	37,600	45,720	53,900	37,600
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	1,555	655	900	66.7	59.5	73.5
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	10,420	10,740	10,180	10,420	10,740	10,180
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	150	55	90	6.4	5.0	7.3
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	5,100	2,700	6,500	5,100	2,700	6,500
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	2,330	1,100	1,225	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	560	300	255	24.0	27.3	20.8
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	71,000	81,000	65,000	71,000	81,000	65,000
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	72,400	81,000	62,000	72,400	81,000	62,000
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	620	295	320	26.6	26.8	26.1
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	31,600	40,800	27,600	31,600	40,800	27,600
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	41,000	49,600	33,000	41,000	49,600	33,000
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	86.0	88.8	82.4	86.0	88.8	82.4
Employment income (%)	61.7	66.0	56.4	61.7	66.0	56.4
Government transfers (%)	14.1	11.1	17.7	14.1	11.1	17.7
Employment insurance benefits (%)	0.7	0.2	1.2	0.7	0.2	1.2
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	1,160	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	91,000	...	...	91,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	81,000	...	...	81,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	295	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	49,600	...	...	49,600	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	44,000	...	...	44,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	865	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	110,000	...	...	110,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	97,000	...	...	97,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	1,185	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	99,200	...	...	99,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	85,800	...	...	85,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	335	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	53,600	...	...	53,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	45,400	...	...	45,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	845	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	117,200	...	...	117,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	101,800	...	...	101,800	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	1,160	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	10	...	...	0.9	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	5	...	...	0.4	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	15	...	...	1.3	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	35	...	...	3.0	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	25	...	...	2.2	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	30	...	...	2.6	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	45	...	...	3.9	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	50	...	...	4.3	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	35	...	...	3.0	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	80	...	...	6.9	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	65	...	...	5.6	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	100	...	...	8.6	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	60	...	...	5.2	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	80	...	...	6.9	...	...
$100,000 and over	515	...	...	44.4	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	135	...	...	11.6	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	120	...	...	10.3	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	155	...	...	13.4	...	...
$200,000 and over	100	...	...	8.6	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	1,160	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	10	...	...	0.9	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	5	...	...	0.4	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	15	...	...	1.3	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	40	...	...	3.4	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	30	...	...	2.6	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	30	...	...	2.6	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	55	...	...	4.7	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	50	...	...	4.3	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	45	...	...	3.9	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	90	...	...	7.8	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	105	...	...	9.1	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	85	...	...	7.3	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	90	...	...	7.8	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	70	...	...	6.0	...	...
$100,000 and over	435	...	...	37.5	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	165	...	...	14.2	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	120	...	...	10.3	...	...
$150,000 and over	150	...	...	12.9	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	840	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	108,000	...	...	108,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	95,000	...	...	95,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.8	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	420	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	92,000	...	...	92,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	83,000	...	...	83,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	300	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	137,000	...	...	137,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	118,000	...	...	118,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	3.9	...	...	3.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	90	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	77,000	...	...	77,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	69,000	...	...	69,000	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	395	170	225	...	...	...
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	43,200	50,400	41,200	43,200	50,400	41,200
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	39,200	44,000	38,000	39,200	44,000	38,000
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	835	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	114,600	...	...	114,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	99,600	...	...	99,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	425	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	95,600	...	...	95,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	84,400	...	...	84,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	295	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	149,000	...	...	149,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	127,000	...	...	127,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	95	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	90,000	...	...	90,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	82,000	...	...	82,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	435	175	260	...	...	...
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	51,200	60,400	45,200	51,200	60,400	45,200
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	43,800	50,400	39,600	43,800	50,400	39,600
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	2,725	1,315	1,415	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	465	245	220	17.1	18.6	15.5
0 to 5 years	130	80	55	4.8	6.1	3.9
18 to 64 years	1,505	705	800	55.2	53.6	56.5
65 years and over	760	365	390	27.9	27.8	27.6
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	230	95	135	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	45	20	25	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	10	5	5	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	110	45	65	...	...	...
65 years and over	70	30	45	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	8.4	7.2	9.4	8.4	7.2	9.4
0 to 17 years (%)	9.6	7.0	12.0	9.6	7.0	12.0
0 to 5 years (%)	8.0	5.0	12.0	8.0	5.0	12.0
18 to 64 years (%)	7.4	6.6	8.4	7.4	6.6	8.4
65 years and over (%)	9.6	8.0	10.8	9.6	8.0	10.8
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	2,680	1,290	1,390	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	450	240	210	16.8	18.6	15.1
0 to 5 years	135	75	55	5.0	5.8	4.0
18 to 64 years	1,475	690	785	55.0	53.5	56.5
65 years and over	755	360	395	28.2	27.9	28.4
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	60	30	30	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	10	10	5	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	5	0	5	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	35	20	20	...	...	...
65 years and over	5	0	0	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	2.2	2.2	2.0	2.2	2.2	2.0
0 to 17 years (%)	2.8	3.0	2.5	2.8	3.0	2.5
0 to 5 years (%)	x	x	x	x	x	x
18 to 64 years (%)	2.6	2.8	2.6	2.6	2.8	2.6
65 years and over (%)	1.0	1.2	1.0	1.0	1.2	1.0
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	2,725	1,315	1,415	100.0	100.0	100.0
In bottom half of the distribution	1,150	535	615	42.2	40.7	43.5
In bottom decile	200	85	115	7.3	6.5	8.1
In second decile	235	100	130	8.6	7.6	9.2
In third decile	190	90	105	7.0	6.8	7.4
In fourth decile	220	105	120	8.1	8.0	8.5
In fifth decile	300	150	150	11.0	11.4	10.6
In top half of the distribution	1,580	780	795	58.0	59.3	56.2
In sixth decile	365	180	185	13.4	13.7	13.1
In seventh decile	305	155	150	11.2	11.8	10.6
In eighth decile	280	145	140	10.3	11.0	9.9
In ninth decile	335	160	170	12.3	12.2	12.0
In top decile	295	145	150	10.8	11.0	10.6
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	2,730	...	...	2,730	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.298	...	...	0.298	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.403	...	...	0.403	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.267	...	...	0.267	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.5	...	...	3.5	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	2,800	1,365	1,435	100.0	100.0	100.0
English only	2,610	1,275	1,335	93.2	93.4	93.0
French only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and French	185	90	100	6.6	6.6	7.0
Neither English nor French	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.3
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	2,800	1,365	1,435	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	2,765	1,350	1,415	98.8	98.9	98.6
French	35	15	20	1.3	1.1	1.4
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Neither English nor French	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.3
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	2,800	1,365	1,435	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	2,770	1,345	1,425	98.9	98.5	99.3
Official languages	2,610	1,260	1,350	93.2	92.3	94.1
English	2,580	1,245	1,330	92.1	91.2	92.7
French	30	10	20	1.1	0.7	1.4
Non-official languages	155	85	70	5.5	6.2	4.9
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	155	85	70	5.5	6.2	4.9
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	5	0	5	0.2	0.0	0.3
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	115	65	50	4.1	4.8	3.5
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	5	0	5	0.2	0.0	0.3
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	5	0	5	0.2	0.0	0.3
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	80	50	30	2.9	3.7	2.1
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	40	25	20	1.4	1.8	1.4
German	40	25	20	1.4	1.8	1.4
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	35	25	10	1.3	1.8	0.7
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	30	20	15	1.1	1.5	1.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	5	0	5	0.2	0.0	0.3
Danish	5	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	5	0	5	0.2	0.0	0.3
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	10	0	5	0.4	0.0	0.3
Indo-Aryan languages	5	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	5	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	5	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	5	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	5	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	20	10	10	0.7	0.7	0.7
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	5	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	10	5	5	0.4	0.4	0.3
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	5	5	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	25	10	15	0.9	0.7	1.0
Chinese languages	25	10	15	0.9	0.7	1.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	20	10	10	0.7	0.7	0.7
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	5	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	5	0	5	0.2	0.0	0.3
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	5	0	5	0.2	0.0	0.3
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	30	20	10	1.1	1.5	0.7
English and French	5	5	5	0.2	0.4	0.3
English and non-official language(s)	25	10	10	0.9	0.7	0.7
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	2,800	1,365	1,435	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	2,645	1,280	1,365	94.5	93.8	95.1
French	5	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
Non-official language	15	5	10	0.5	0.4	0.7
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	15	5	10	0.5	0.4	0.7
English and French	20	10	5	0.7	0.7	0.3
English and non-official language(s)	105	60	50	3.8	4.4	3.5
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	5	5	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	2,800	1,365	1,435	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	2,775	1,355	1,425	99.1	99.3	99.3
Official languages	2,740	1,330	1,405	97.9	97.4	97.9
English	2,730	1,330	1,400	97.5	97.4	97.6
French	5	0	5	0.2	0.0	0.3
Non-official languages	40	20	20	1.4	1.5	1.4
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	40	20	20	1.4	1.5	1.4
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	20	5	5	0.7	0.4	0.3
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	10	5	5	0.4	0.4	0.3
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	10	5	5	0.4	0.4	0.3
German	10	5	5	0.4	0.4	0.3
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	20	10	10	0.7	0.7	0.7
Chinese languages	20	10	10	0.7	0.7	0.7
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	20	10	10	0.7	0.7	0.7
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	25	15	10	0.9	1.1	0.7
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	25	10	10	0.9	0.7	0.7
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	2,800	1,365	1,435	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	2,685	1,305	1,380	95.9	95.6	96.2
English	30	15	10	1.1	1.1	0.7
French	15	10	10	0.5	0.7	0.7
Non-official language	60	30	25	2.1	2.2	1.7
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	60	30	25	2.1	2.2	1.7
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	5	5	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	5	5	5	0.2	0.4	0.3
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	2,725	1,315	1,405	100.0	100.0	100.0
Official languages	2,715	1,310	1,400	99.6	99.6	99.6
English	2,715	1,310	1,400	99.6	99.6	99.6
French	150	60	90	5.5	4.6	6.4
Non-official languages	270	120	150	9.9	9.1	10.7
Indigenous languages³⁹	10	0	10	0.4	0.0	0.7
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	265	120	145	9.7	9.1	10.3
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	195	80	110	7.2	6.1	7.8
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	15	10	0	0.6	0.8	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	15	10	0	0.6	0.8	0.0
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	75	30	45	2.8	2.3	3.2
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	50	20	30	1.8	1.5	2.1
German	50	20	30	1.8	1.5	2.1
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	15	10	0	0.6	0.8	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	15	10	0	0.6	0.8	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	20	0	20	0.7	0.0	1.4
Danish	10	0	10	0.4	0.0	0.7
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	115	40	70	4.2	3.0	5.0
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	15	0	15	0.6	0.0	1.1
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	110	40	65	4.0	3.0	4.6
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	10	0	10	0.4	0.0	0.7
American Sign Language	10	0	10	0.4	0.0	0.7
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	60	35	20	2.2	2.7	1.4
Chinese languages	60	35	20	2.2	2.7	1.4
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	50	30	20	1.8	2.3	1.4
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	2,725	1,320	1,410	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	190	85	100	7.0	6.4	7.1
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	180	80	100	6.6	6.1	7.1
First Nations (North American Indian)	95	30	65	3.5	2.3	4.6
Métis	85	50	40	3.1	3.8	2.8
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	10	0	0	0.4	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous identity	2,535	1,230	1,305	93.0	93.2	92.6
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	2,725	1,320	1,410	100.0	100.0	100.0
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	75	20	45	2.8	1.5	3.2
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	2,650	1,290	1,360	97.2	97.7	96.5
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	1,185	...	...	100.0	...	...
Owner	1,005	...	...	84.8	...	...
Renter	175	...	...	14.8	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	10	...	...	0.8	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	1,185	...	...	100.0	...	...
Condominium	130	...	...	11.0	...	...
Not condominium	1,055	...	...	89.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	1,185	...	...	100.0	...	...
No bedrooms	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
1 bedroom	80	...	...	6.8	...	...
2 bedrooms	325	...	...	27.4	...	...
3 bedrooms	440	...	...	37.1	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	330	...	...	27.8	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	1,185	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	215	...	...	18.1	...	...
5 rooms	160	...	...	13.5	...	...
6 rooms	200	...	...	16.9	...	...
7 rooms	195	...	...	16.5	...	...
8 or more rooms	420	...	...	35.4	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.9	...	...	6.9	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	1,185	...	...	100.0	...	...
One person or fewer per room	1,185	...	...	100.0	...	...
More than one person per room	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	1,185	...	...	100.0	...	...
Suitable	1,170	...	...	98.7	...	...
Not suitable	15	...	...	1.3	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	1,185	...	...	100.0	...	...
1960 or before	80	...	...	6.8	...	...
1961 to 1980	445	...	...	37.6	...	...
1981 to 1990	110	...	...	9.3	...	...
1991 to 2000	100	...	...	8.4	...	...
2001 to 2005	70	...	...	5.9	...	...
2006 to 2010	165	...	...	13.9	...	...
2011 to 2015	125	...	...	10.5	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	90	...	...	7.6	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	1,185	...	...	100.0	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	1,115	...	...	94.1	...	...
Major repairs needed	75	...	...	6.3	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	1,185	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-maintainer household	490	...	...	41.4	...	...
Two-maintainer household	640	...	...	54.0	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	50	...	...	4.2	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	1,185	...	...	100.0	...	...
15 to 24 years	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
25 to 34 years	70	...	...	5.9	...	...
35 to 44 years	175	...	...	14.8	...	...
45 to 54 years	190	...	...	16.0	...	...
55 to 64 years	260	...	...	21.9	...	...
65 to 74 years	345	...	...	29.1	...	...
75 to 84 years	95	...	...	8.0	...	...
85 years and over	40	...	...	3.4	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	1,175	...	...	100.0	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	970	...	...	82.6	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	210	...	...	17.9	...	...
30% to less than 100%	185	...	...	15.7	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	1,185	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	285	...	...	24.1	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	195	...	...	16.5	...	...
Not suitable only	10	...	...	0.8	...	...
Major repairs needed only	65	...	...	5.5	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	10	...	...	0.8	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Acceptable housing	900	...	...	75.9	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	1,150	...	...	100.0	...	...
In core need	70	...	...	6.1	...	...
Not in core need	1,075	...	...	93.5	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	1,000	...	...	...	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	52.0	...	...	52.0	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	12.0	...	...	12.0	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	960	...	...	960	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,284	...	...	1,284	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	695,000	...	...	695,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	708,000	...	...	708,000	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	175	...	...	...	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	0.0	...	...	0.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	51.4	...	...	51.4	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	32.3	...	...	32.3	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,260	...	...	1,260	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,470	...	...	1,470	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	...	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	x	...	...	x	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	x	...	...	x	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	2,725	1,315	1,410	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	75	25	50	2.8	1.9	3.5
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	75	25	50	2.8	1.9	3.5
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	50	20	35	1.8	1.5	2.5
Métis single ancestry	25	0	15	0.9	0.0	1.1
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	135	65	70	5.0	4.9	5.0
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	105	40	60	3.9	3.0	4.3
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	60	20	35	2.2	1.5	2.5
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	45	20	20	1.7	1.5	1.4
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	35	25	10	1.3	1.9	0.7
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	35	25	10	1.3	1.9	0.7
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	2,515	1,220	1,295	92.3	92.8	91.8
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	2,730	1,315	1,410	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	2,605	1,270	1,335	95.4	96.6	94.7
Canadian citizens aged under 18	455	250	205	16.7	19.0	14.5
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	2,145	1,020	1,125	78.6	77.6	79.8
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	120	50	75	4.4	3.8	5.3
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	2,730	1,315	1,410	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	2,350	1,140	1,205	86.1	86.7	85.5
Immigrants⁸¹	370	175	195	13.6	13.3	13.8
Before 1980	200	100	110	7.3	7.6	7.8
1980 to 1990	35	10	25	1.3	0.8	1.8
1991 to 2000	10	0	10	0.4	0.0	0.7
2001 to 2010	75	35	30	2.7	2.7	2.1
2011 to 2021⁸²	45	25	25	1.6	1.9	1.8
2011 to 2015	20	10	10	0.7	0.8	0.7
2016 to 2021	20	10	15	0.7	0.8	1.1
Non-permanent residents⁸³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	370	170	195	100.0	100.0	100.0
Under 5 years	35	25	10	9.5	14.7	5.1
5 to 14 years	85	40	50	23.0	23.5	25.6
15 to 24 years	65	20	40	17.6	11.8	20.5
25 to 44 years	170	90	85	45.9	52.9	43.6
45 years and over	20	0	15	5.4	0.0	7.7
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	370	170	195	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	70	40	30	18.9	23.5	15.4
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
El Salvador	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyana	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	15	10	0	4.1	5.9	0.0
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	45	25	20	12.2	14.7	10.3
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Europe	235	100	140	63.5	58.8	71.8
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germany	20	15	10	5.4	8.8	5.1
Greece	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Netherlands	10	0	0	2.7	0.0	0.0
Poland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portugal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	165	70	100	44.6	41.2	51.3
Other places of birth in Europe	20	0	15	5.4	0.0	7.7
Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asia	55	35	25	14.9	20.6	12.8
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	40	25	15	10.8	14.7	7.7
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	20	10	15	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	10	0	0	50.0	0.0	0.0
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Europe	15	0	10	75.0	0.0	66.7
France	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	2,725	1,320	1,410	100.0	100.0	100.0
First generation¹⁰⁰	405	190	220	14.9	14.4	15.6
Second generation¹⁰¹	585	270	315	21.5	20.5	22.3
Third generation or more¹⁰²	1,735	855	880	63.7	64.8	62.4
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	165	75	90	100.0	100.0	100.0
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	115	55	55	69.7	73.3	61.1
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	55	35	25	33.3	46.7	27.8
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	60	25	35	36.4	33.3	38.9
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	40	15	25	24.2	20.0	27.8
Refugees¹⁰⁸	10	0	10	6.1	0.0	11.1
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	165	75	90	100.0	100.0	100.0
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	25	15	10	15.2	20.0	11.1
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	20	0	15	12.1	0.0	16.7
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	115	55	60	69.7	73.3	66.7
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	2,725	1,320	1,410	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	140	85	55	5.1	6.4	3.9
South Asian	25	10	15	0.9	0.8	1.1
Chinese	65	45	20	2.4	3.4	1.4
Black	15	0	15	0.6	0.0	1.1
Filipino	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arab	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latin American	15	15	0	0.6	1.1	0.0
Southeast Asian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
West Asian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple visible minorities	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	2,585	1,235	1,350	94.9	93.6	95.7
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	2,725	1,315	1,410	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian	395	185	210	14.5	14.1	14.9
English	1,075	475	600	39.4	36.1	42.6
Irish	565	235	330	20.7	17.9	23.4
Scottish	665	290	375	24.4	22.1	26.6
French, n.o.s.¹²²	275	145	130	10.1	11.0	9.2
German	335	140	200	12.3	10.6	14.2
Chinese	65	40	20	2.4	3.0	1.4
Italian	90	20	65	3.3	1.5	4.6
Indian (India)	25	15	10	0.9	1.1	0.7
Ukrainian	70	35	40	2.6	2.7	2.8
Dutch	185	90	100	6.8	6.8	7.1
Polish	35	10	25	1.3	0.8	1.8
Québécois	10	0	0	0.4	0.0	0.0
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	200	80	110	7.3	6.1	7.8
Filipino	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French Canadian	10	10	0	0.4	0.8	0.0
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	45	35	10	1.7	2.7	0.7
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	60	20	40	2.2	1.5	2.8
Métis	100	55	45	3.7	4.2	3.2
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	110	70	40	4.0	5.3	2.8
Russian	30	15	15	1.1	1.1	1.1
Norwegian	135	55	75	5.0	4.2	5.3
Welsh	110	35	75	4.0	2.7	5.3
Portuguese	20	0	15	0.7	0.0	1.1
American	80	50	30	2.9	3.8	2.1
Spanish	35	15	15	1.3	1.1	1.1
Swedish	85	50	40	3.1	3.8	2.8
Hungarian	30	15	15	1.1	1.1	1.1
Acadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jewish	10	0	0	0.4	0.0	0.0
Punjabi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	15	10	10	0.6	0.8	0.7
Jamaican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	40	30	0	1.5	2.3	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	70	30	40	2.6	2.3	2.8
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sikh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austrian	35	10	20	1.3	0.8	1.4
Belgian	15	10	10	0.6	0.8	0.7
Haitian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexican	35	25	15	1.3	1.9	1.1
Mennonite	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss	35	20	10	1.3	1.5	0.7
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	20	0	15	0.7	0.0	1.1
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	35	20	15	1.3	1.5	1.1
Muslim	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egyptian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	35	15	25	1.3	1.1	1.8
Colombian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moroccan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afghan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Konger	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australian	15	0	10	0.6	0.0	0.7
Palestinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chilean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congolese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peruvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Canadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israeli	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albertan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African American	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Laotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
British Columbian	35	15	20	1.3	1.1	1.4
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jatt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dominican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Abenaki	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Zealander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Breton	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gaspesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norman	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Manitoban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Honduran	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cherokee	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Flemish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Goan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamileke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Libyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Basque	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igorot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guinean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maliseet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Beninese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Roma	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tajik	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amhara	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	2,725	1,320	1,410	100.0	100.0	100.0
Buddhist	25	15	10	0.9	1.1	0.7
Christian	850	360	490	31.2	27.3	34.8
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	170	70	100	6.2	5.3	7.1
Anabaptist	10	0	0	0.4	0.0	0.0
Anglican	215	80	135	7.9	6.1	9.6
Baptist	55	25	25	2.0	1.9	1.8
Catholic	175	75	100	6.4	5.7	7.1
Christian Orthodox	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jehovah's Witness	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latter Day Saints	15	0	10	0.6	0.0	0.7
Lutheran	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	10	0	0	0.4	0.0	0.0
Presbyterian	45	20	25	1.7	1.5	1.8
Reformed	10	0	0	0.4	0.0	0.0
United Church	85	35	50	3.1	2.7	3.5
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	50	30	25	1.8	2.3	1.8
Hindu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jewish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Muslim	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sikh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	10	0	0	0.4	0.0	0.0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	35	10	25	1.3	0.8	1.8
No religion and secular perspectives	1,800	925	875	66.1	70.1	62.1
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	2,700	1,305	1,390	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	2,425	1,140	1,290	89.8	87.4	92.8
Movers	275	165	105	10.2	12.6	7.6
Non-migrants	40	20	20	1.5	1.5	1.4
Migrants	230	145	85	8.5	11.1	6.1
Internal migrants	195	120	75	7.2	9.2	5.4
Intraprovincial migrants	170	105	60	6.3	8.0	4.3
Interprovincial migrants	30	20	15	1.1	1.5	1.1
External migrants	35	20	15	1.3	1.5	1.1
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	2,585	1,225	1,360	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	1,635	765	870	63.2	62.4	64.0
Movers	950	460	490	36.8	37.6	36.0
Non-migrants	165	80	85	6.4	6.5	6.3
Migrants	785	380	400	30.4	31.0	29.4
Internal migrants	765	375	395	29.6	30.6	29.0
Intraprovincial migrants	640	315	325	24.8	25.7	23.9
Interprovincial migrants	125	60	70	4.8	4.9	5.1
External migrants	15	10	10	0.6	0.8	0.7
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	2,330	1,100	1,225	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	300	205	100	12.9	18.6	8.2
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	2,025	895	1,125	86.9	81.4	91.8
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	1,305	570	740	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	110	75	40	8.4	13.2	5.4
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	1,195	495	700	91.6	86.8	94.6
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	2,330	1,105	1,225	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	225	150	75	9.7	13.6	6.1
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	690	290	400	29.6	26.2	32.7
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,420	665	755	60.9	60.2	61.6
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	760	395	365	32.6	35.7	29.8
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	230	165	65	9.9	14.9	5.3
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	85	40	40	3.6	3.6	3.3
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	150	125	20	6.4	11.3	1.6
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	430	180	255	18.5	16.3	20.8
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	95	45	50	4.1	4.1	4.1
Bachelor's degree or higher	660	270	380	28.3	24.4	31.0
Bachelor's degree	410	175	240	17.6	15.8	19.6
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	45	10	35	1.9	0.9	2.9
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	30	25	0	1.3	2.3	0.0
Master's degree	125	40	85	5.4	3.6	6.9
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	40	25	15	1.7	2.3	1.2
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	1,310	570	740	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	85	60	25	6.5	10.5	3.4
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	345	135	210	26.3	23.7	28.4
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	880	375	500	67.2	65.8	67.6
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	430	220	215	32.8	38.6	29.1
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	135	95	40	10.3	16.7	5.4
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	50	30	20	3.8	5.3	2.7
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	85	70	15	6.5	12.3	2.0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	240	95	150	18.3	16.7	20.3
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	60	25	30	4.6	4.4	4.1
Bachelor's degree or higher	445	160	285	34.0	28.1	38.5
Bachelor's degree	300	120	180	22.9	21.1	24.3
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	30	0	30	2.3	0.0	4.1
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	20	20	0	1.5	3.5	0.0
Master's degree	80	15	70	6.1	2.6	9.5
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	10	0	0	0.8	0.0	0.0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	2,325	1,105	1,225	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	915	440	475	39.4	39.8	38.8
Education	200	45	150	8.6	4.1	12.2
13. Education	200	45	150	8.6	4.1	12.2
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	40	25	15	1.7	2.3	1.2
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	10	0	10	0.4	0.0	0.8
50. Visual and performing arts	40	25	10	1.7	2.3	0.8
Humanities	70	25	40	3.0	2.3	3.3
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	20	0	20	0.9	0.0	1.6
23. English language and literature/letters	35	20	15	1.5	1.8	1.2
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	15	10	0	0.6	0.9	0.0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
54. History	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	205	80	125	8.8	7.2	10.2
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	25	10	15	1.1	0.9	1.2
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	30	0	25	1.3	0.0	2.0
22. Legal professions and studies	15	0	10	0.6	0.0	0.8
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
42. Psychology	40	0	35	1.7	0.0	2.9
45. Social sciences	90	50	40	3.9	4.5	3.3
Business, management and public administration	165	55	105	7.1	5.0	8.6
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	20	0	15	0.9	0.0	1.2
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	140	50	90	6.0	4.5	7.3
Physical and life sciences and technologies	55	20	35	2.4	1.8	2.9
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	10	0	0	0.4	0.0	0.0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	20	0	20	0.9	0.0	1.6
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
40. Physical sciences	10	10	0	0.4	0.9	0.0
41. Science technologies/technicians	10	0	10	0.4	0.0	0.8
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	55	40	15	2.4	3.6	1.2
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	45	35	15	1.9	3.2	1.2
25. Library science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	260	235	30	11.2	21.3	2.4
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
14. Engineering	30	25	0	1.3	2.3	0.0
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	65	55	15	2.8	5.0	1.2
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	105	100	0	4.5	9.0	0.0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	50	40	0	2.2	3.6	0.0
48. Precision production	15	15	0	0.6	1.4	0.0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	60	45	20	2.6	4.1	1.6
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	20	10	10	0.9	0.9	0.8
03. Natural resources and conservation	35	35	0	1.5	3.2	0.0
Health and related fields	220	35	185	9.5	3.2	15.1
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	200	20	180	8.6	1.8	14.7
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	20	15	0	0.9	1.4	0.0
Personal, protective and transportation services	85	50	35	3.7	4.5	2.9
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	55	20	35	2.4	1.8	2.9
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
49. Transportation and materials moving	25	25	0	1.1	2.3	0.0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	1,310	570	740	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	430	195	235	32.8	34.2	31.8
Education	105	25	80	8.0	4.4	10.8
13. Education	105	25	80	8.0	4.4	10.8
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	30	15	15	2.3	2.6	2.0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	10	0	10	0.8	0.0	1.4
50. Visual and performing arts	25	15	15	1.9	2.6	2.0
Humanities	50	15	35	3.8	2.6	4.7
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	20	0	20	1.5	0.0	2.7
23. English language and literature/letters	10	0	0	0.8	0.0	0.0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	15	10	0	1.1	1.8	0.0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
54. History	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	140	45	100	10.7	7.9	13.5
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	15	0	10	1.1	0.0	1.4
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	20	0	20	1.5	0.0	2.7
22. Legal professions and studies	10	0	0	0.8	0.0	0.0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
42. Psychology	30	0	30	2.3	0.0	4.1
45. Social sciences	70	35	30	5.3	6.1	4.1
Business, management and public administration	80	25	55	6.1	4.4	7.4
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	15	0	15	1.1	0.0	2.0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	70	25	45	5.3	4.4	6.1
Physical and life sciences and technologies	30	20	15	2.3	3.5	2.0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	15	0	10	1.1	0.0	1.4
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
40. Physical sciences	10	10	0	0.8	1.8	0.0
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	35	20	15	2.7	3.5	2.0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	35	20	15	2.7	3.5	2.0
25. Library science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	165	140	25	12.6	24.6	3.4
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
14. Engineering	15	10	0	1.1	1.8	0.0
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	45	35	10	3.4	6.1	1.4
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	70	65	0	5.3	11.4	0.0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	30	25	10	2.3	4.4	1.4
48. Precision production	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	45	30	20	3.4	5.3	2.7
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	20	0	10	1.5	0.0	1.4
03. Natural resources and conservation	30	25	0	2.3	4.4	0.0
Health and related fields	140	20	125	10.7	3.5	16.9
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	120	0	110	9.2	0.0	14.9
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	20	15	0	1.5	2.6	0.0
Personal, protective and transportation services	55	30	25	4.2	5.3	3.4
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	35	10	25	2.7	1.8	3.4
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
49. Transportation and materials moving	20	20	0	1.5	3.5	0.0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	1,310	570	740	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	430	195	235	32.8	34.2	31.8
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	875	380	500	66.8	66.7	67.6
Location of study inside Canada	780	335	450	59.5	58.8	60.8
Same as province or territory of residence	570	225	340	43.5	39.5	45.9
Different than province or territory of residence	215	105	110	16.4	18.4	14.9
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	95	45	50	7.3	7.9	6.8
Americas	30	0	25	2.3	0.0	3.4
United States of America	25	0	25	1.9	0.0	3.4
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Europe	35	25	10	2.7	4.4	1.4
Belgium	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Switzerland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	25	20	0	1.9	3.5	0.0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Europe	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asia	25	10	15	1.9	1.8	2.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	20	10	10	1.5	1.8	1.4
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Zealand	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	2,330	1,105	1,225	...	...	...
In the labour force	1,335	685	650	...	...	...
Employed	1,240	630	620	...	...	...
Unemployed	90	60	35	...	...	...
Not in the labour force	995	415	575	...	...	...
Participation rate	57.3	62.0	53.1	57.3	62.0	53.1
Employment rate	53.2	57.0	50.6	53.2	57.0	50.6
Unemployment rate	6.7	8.8	5.4	6.7	8.8	5.4
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	2,325	1,105	1,230	100.0	100.0	100.0
Did not work¹⁸⁶	985	415	570	42.4	37.6	46.3
Worked	1,340	685	655	57.6	62.0	53.3
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	610	340	280	26.2	30.8	22.8
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	730	345	380	31.4	31.2	30.9
Average weeks worked in reference year	38.9	40.1	37.7	38.9	40.1	37.7
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	1,335	680	655	100.0	100.0	100.0
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	30	20	15	2.2	2.9	2.3
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	1,305	670	640	97.8	98.5	97.7
Employee	1,010	500	505	75.7	73.5	77.1
Permanent position	845	425	425	63.3	62.5	64.9
Temporary position	165	75	85	12.4	11.0	13.0
Fixed term (1 year or more)	40	15	30	3.0	2.2	4.6
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	125	65	60	9.4	9.6	9.2
Self-employed¹⁹²	295	170	130	22.1	25.0	19.8
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	1,335	680	655	100.0	100.0	100.0
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	30	20	15	2.2	2.9	2.3
All occupations¹⁹¹	1,305	670	640	97.8	98.5	97.7
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	30	15	15	2.2	2.2	2.3
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	195	55	145	14.6	8.1	22.1
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	95	85	10	7.1	12.5	1.5
3 Health occupations	125	35	85	9.4	5.1	13.0
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	210	65	150	15.7	9.6	22.9
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	40	20	20	3.0	2.9	3.1
6 Sales and service occupations	275	100	180	20.6	14.7	27.5
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	255	235	25	19.1	34.6	3.8
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	35	30	0	2.6	4.4	0.0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	45	35	0	3.4	5.1	0.0
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	1,335	680	655	100.0	100.0	100.0
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	30	20	15	2.2	2.9	2.3
All industries¹⁹¹	1,305	670	640	97.8	98.5	97.7
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	60	45	15	4.5	6.6	2.3
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
22 Utilities	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
23 Construction	145	130	20	10.9	19.1	3.1
31-33 Manufacturing	80	60	25	6.0	8.8	3.8
41 Wholesale trade	25	25	0	1.9	3.7	0.0
44-45 Retail trade	170	80	95	12.7	11.8	14.5
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	35	20	10	2.6	2.9	1.5
51 Information and cultural industries	10	10	0	0.7	1.5	0.0
52 Finance and insurance	50	15	30	3.7	2.2	4.6
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	15	0	15	1.1	0.0	2.3
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	115	65	50	8.6	9.6	7.6
55 Management of companies and enterprises	10	0	0	0.7	0.0	0.0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	45	25	20	3.4	3.7	3.1
61 Educational services	130	35	100	9.7	5.1	15.3
62 Health care and social assistance	130	30	100	9.7	4.4	15.3
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	20	10	10	1.5	1.5	1.5
72 Accommodation and food services	65	20	50	4.9	2.9	7.6
81 Other services (except public administration)	50	10	40	3.7	1.5	6.1
91 Public administration	140	75	60	10.5	11.0	9.2
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	1,445	720	720	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	1,390	710	690	96.2	98.6	95.8
French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-official language	10	10	0	0.7	1.4	0.0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	10	10	0	0.7	1.4	0.0
English and French	20	0	20	1.4	0.0	2.8
English and non-official language(s)	15	0	15	1.0	0.0	2.1
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	1,445	720	720	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	1,425	720	700	98.6	100.0	97.2
Official languages	1,410	715	700	97.6	99.3	97.2
English	1,400	715	685	96.9	99.3	95.1
French	10	0	10	0.7	0.0	1.4
Non-official languages	15	10	0	1.0	1.4	0.0
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	15	10	0	1.0	1.4	0.0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	15	10	0	1.0	1.4	0.0
Chinese languages	15	10	0	1.0	1.4	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	15	10	0	1.0	1.4	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	20	0	20	1.4	0.0	2.8
English and French	10	0	10	0.7	0.0	1.4
English and non-official language(s)	10	0	10	0.7	0.0	1.4
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	1,445	720	720	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	1,425	720	705	98.6	100.0	97.9
English	10	0	10	0.7	0.0	1.4
French	10	0	0	0.7	0.0	0.0
Non-official language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	1,240	625	615	100.0	100.0	100.0
Worked at home	280	120	160	22.6	19.2	26.0
Worked outside Canada	15	15	0	1.2	2.4	0.0
No fixed workplace address	195	145	50	15.7	23.2	8.1
Usual place of work	750	340	405	60.5	54.4	65.9
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	750	345	410	100.0	100.0	100.0
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	70	20	50	9.3	5.8	12.2
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	535	225	310	71.3	65.2	75.6
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	135	90	50	18.0	26.1	12.2
Commute to a different province or territory	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	950	490	455	100.0	100.0	100.0
Car, truck or van	890	455	435	93.7	92.9	95.6
Car, truck or van - as a driver	845	430	410	88.9	87.8	90.1
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	50	25	25	5.3	5.1	5.5
Public transit	10	10	0	1.1	2.0	0.0
Walked	35	15	15	3.7	3.1	3.3
Bicycle	10	0	0	1.1	0.0	0.0
Other method	10	10	0	1.1	2.0	0.0
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	950	490	455	100.0	100.0	100.0
Less than 15 minutes	325	145	170	34.2	29.6	37.4
15 to 29 minutes	340	140	195	35.8	28.6	42.9
30 to 44 minutes	95	55	40	10.0	11.2	8.8
45 to 59 minutes	110	85	25	11.6	17.3	5.5
60 minutes and over	80	60	15	8.4	12.2	3.3
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	950	490	455	100.0	100.0	100.0
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	50	50	0	5.3	10.2	0.0
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	190	130	60	20.0	26.5	13.2
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	220	100	120	23.2	20.4	26.4
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	260	110	150	27.4	22.4	33.0
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	120	35	90	12.6	7.1	19.8
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	105	70	35	11.1	14.3	7.7
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	475	250	230	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	35	15	10	7.4	6.0	4.3
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	445	235	210	93.7	94.0	91.3
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	365	185	180	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	25	10	15	6.8	5.4	8.3
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	10	5	5	2.7	2.7	2.8
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	15	5	5	4.1	2.7	2.8
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	350	175	175	95.9	94.6	97.2

Symbol legend

...
not applicable
^r
revised
x
suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 30, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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