Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	WhistlerMore information: British Columbia [Population centre]
	Counts			Rates
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	9,974	...	...	...	...	...
Population, 2016¹	8,739^r	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	14.1	...	...	14.1	...	...
Total private dwellings²	7,800	...	...	...	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	4,001	...	...	...	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	849.5	...	...	849.5	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	11.74	...	...	...	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	9,975	5,425	4,545	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	950	485	460	9.5	8.9	10.1
0 to 4 years	260	145	120	2.6	2.7	2.6
5 to 9 years	340	160	175	3.4	2.9	3.9
10 to 14 years	350	180	165	3.5	3.3	3.6
15 to 64 years	8,140	4,425	3,710	81.6	81.6	81.6
15 to 19 years	420	235	185	4.2	4.3	4.1
20 to 24 years	900	470	435	9.0	8.7	9.6
25 to 29 years	1,415	760	650	14.2	14.0	14.3
30 to 34 years	1,320	750	570	13.2	13.8	12.5
35 to 39 years	1,010	575	435	10.1	10.6	9.6
40 to 44 years	735	405	330	7.4	7.5	7.3
45 to 49 years	610	335	275	6.1	6.2	6.1
50 to 54 years	655	340	320	6.6	6.3	7.0
55 to 59 years	585	300	285	5.9	5.5	6.3
60 to 64 years	485	265	215	4.9	4.9	4.7
65 years and over	885	515	370	8.9	9.5	8.1
65 to 69 years	390	225	165	3.9	4.1	3.6
70 to 74 years	290	165	125	2.9	3.0	2.8
75 to 79 years	130	80	50	1.3	1.5	1.1
80 to 84 years	55	35	15	0.6	0.6	0.3
85 years and over	25	15	15	0.3	0.3	0.3
85 to 89 years	20	10	5	0.2	0.2	0.1
90 to 94 years	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
95 to 99 years	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
100 years and over	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	9.5	8.9	10.1	9.5	8.9	10.1
15 to 64 years	81.6	81.6	81.6	81.6	81.6	81.6
65 years and over	8.9	9.5	8.1	8.9	9.5	8.1
85 years and over	0.3	0.3	0.3	0.3	0.3	0.3
Average age of the population	37.8	38.1	37.5	37.8	38.1	37.5
Median age of the population	34.8	35.2	34.4	34.8	35.2	34.4
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	4,000	...	...	100.0	...	...
Single-detached house	1,045	...	...	26.1	...	...
Semi-detached house	340	...	...	8.5	...	...
Row house	1,030	...	...	25.8	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	470	...	...	11.8	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	1,100	...	...	27.5	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	15	...	...	0.4	...	...
Other single-attached house	5	...	...	0.1	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	4,000	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 person	1,210	...	...	30.3	...	...
2 persons	1,435	...	...	35.9	...	...
3 persons	600	...	...	15.0	...	...
4 persons	460	...	...	11.5	...	...
5 or more persons	300	...	...	7.5	...	...
Number of persons in private households	9,435	5,070	4,365	100.0	100.0	100.0
Average household size	2.4	...	...	2.4	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	9,025	4,945	4,080	100.0	100.0	100.0
Married or living common-law	4,445	2,270	2,175	49.3	45.9	53.3
Married	2,635	1,360	1,275	29.2	27.5	31.3
Living common-law	1,810	905	905	20.1	18.3	22.2
Living common law - Never married	1,655	820	835	18.3	16.6	20.5
Living common law - Separated	15	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Living common law - Divorced	135	70	65	1.5	1.4	1.6
Living common law - Widowed	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Not married and not living common-law	4,580	2,675	1,900	50.7	54.1	46.6
Not married and not living common law - Never married	3,855	2,320	1,540	42.7	46.9	37.7
Not married and not living common law - Separated	160	80	80	1.8	1.6	2.0
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	455	240	215	5.0	4.9	5.3
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	110	45	65	1.2	0.9	1.6
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	2,275	...	...	100.0	...	...
2 persons	1,480	...	...	65.1	...	...
3 persons	370	...	...	16.3	...	...
4 persons	335	...	...	14.7	...	...
5 or more persons	95	...	...	4.2	...	...
Average size of census families	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.7	...	...	1.7	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	2,280	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total couple families	2,080	...	...	91.2	...	...
Married couples	1,180	...	...	51.8	...	...
With children⁶	600	...	...	26.3	...	...
Without children	575	...	...	25.2	...	...
Common-law couples	905	...	...	39.7	...	...
With children⁶	120	...	...	5.3	...	...
Without children	785	...	...	34.4	...	...
Total one-parent families	200	...	...	8.8	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	140	...	...	6.1	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	60	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	9,435	5,070	4,365	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total - Persons in census families	5,890	2,940	2,950	62.4	58.0	67.6
Married spouses or common-law partners	4,160	2,080	2,085	44.1	41.0	47.8
Parents in one-parent families	195	55	140	2.1	1.1	3.2
Children⁶	1,530	805	730	16.2	15.9	16.7
In a two-parent family	1,240	645	595	13.1	12.7	13.6
In a one-parent family	295	160	135	3.1	3.2	3.1
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	3,545	2,130	1,415	37.6	42.0	32.4
Living alone	1,210	725	485	12.8	14.3	11.1
Living with other relatives⁷	125	65	65	1.3	1.3	1.5
Living with non-relatives only	2,210	1,345	870	23.4	26.5	19.9
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	4,000	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	1,840	...	...	46.0	...	...
Couple-family households	1,675	...	...	41.9	...	...
With children⁶	640	...	...	16.0	...	...
Without children	1,030	...	...	25.8	...	...
One-parent-family households	160	...	...	4.0	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	15	...	...	0.4	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	65	...	...	1.6	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	285	...	...	7.1	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	590	...	...	14.8	...	...
One-person households	1,210	...	...	30.3	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	8,500	4,590	3,915	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	8,335	4,500	3,835	98.1	98.0	98.0
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	43,600	46,400	40,400	43,600	46,400	40,400
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	8,340	4,500	3,840	98.1	98.0	98.1
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	38,800	40,800	36,400	38,800	40,800	36,400
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	8,145	4,405	3,740	95.8	96.0	95.5
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	34,800	39,200	30,200	34,800	39,200	30,200
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	7,395	4,000	3,400	87.0	87.1	86.8
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	31,000	35,200	27,600	31,000	35,200	27,600
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	6,935	3,635	3,300	81.6	79.2	84.3
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	9,000	8,700	9,400	9,000	8,700	9,400
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	1,150	590	555	13.5	12.9	14.2
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,000	4,840	5,000	5,000	4,840	5,000
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	4,125	2,125	2,010	48.5	46.3	51.3
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,500	8,000	9,000	8,500	8,000	9,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	8,405	4,560	3,845	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	8,265	4,475	3,785	98.3	98.1	98.4
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	60,100	64,300	55,200	60,100	64,300	55,200
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	8,265	4,475	3,785	98.3	98.1	98.4
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	48,520	50,400	46,280	48,520	50,400	46,280
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	8,100	4,410	3,690	96.4	96.7	96.0
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	53,300	57,900	47,840	53,300	57,900	47,840
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	7,350	3,935	3,415	87.4	86.3	88.8
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	44,760	50,120	38,560	44,760	50,120	38,560
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	6,950	3,630	3,320	82.7	79.6	86.3
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	9,290	8,790	9,830	9,290	8,790	9,830
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	1,010	525	485	12.0	11.5	12.6
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,520	5,580	5,440	5,520	5,580	5,440
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	4,085	2,095	1,995	48.6	45.9	51.9
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,990	8,630	9,360	8,990	8,630	9,360
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	8,405	4,565	3,840	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	2,300	1,370	935	27.4	30.0	24.3
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	59,600	61,200	57,200	59,600	61,200	57,200
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	75,400	80,200	68,400	75,400	80,200	68,400
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	4,195	2,160	2,040	49.9	47.3	53.1
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	22,400	23,200	21,800	22,400	23,200	21,800
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	28,560	29,120	28,000	28,560	29,120	28,000
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	87.0	89.0	84.4	87.0	89.0	84.4
Employment income (%)¹⁹	66.2	68.6	62.9	66.2	68.6	62.9
Government transfers (%)²⁰	13.0	11.1	15.6	13.0	11.1	15.6
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.1	1.0	1.3	1.1	1.0	1.3
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	8.3	7.1	10.1	8.3	7.1	10.1
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	7.4	6.3	8.9	7.4	6.3	8.9
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	8,505	4,590	3,910	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without total income	170	90	75	2.0	2.0	1.9
With total income	8,335	4,495	3,840	98.0	97.9	98.2
Under $10,000 (including loss)	615	325	285	7.4	7.2	7.4
$10,000 to $19,999	560	305	260	6.7	6.8	6.8
$20,000 to $29,999	1,105	510	600	13.3	11.3	15.6
$30,000 to $39,999	1,420	655	760	17.0	14.6	19.8
$40,000 to $49,999	1,220	685	535	14.6	15.2	13.9
$50,000 to $59,999	960	525	430	11.5	11.7	11.2
$60,000 to $69,999	580	335	250	7.0	7.5	6.5
$70,000 to $79,999	410	265	150	4.9	5.9	3.9
$80,000 to $89,999	275	155	125	3.3	3.4	3.3
$90,000 to $99,999	235	140	90	2.8	3.1	2.3
$100,000 and over	955	600	355	11.5	13.3	9.2
$100,000 to $149,999	555	350	210	6.7	7.8	5.5
$150,000 and over	400	250	145	4.8	5.6	3.8
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	8,505	4,590	3,910	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without after-tax income	160	90	70	1.9	2.0	1.8
With after-tax income	8,340	4,500	3,835	98.1	98.0	98.1
Under $10,000 (including loss)	660	355	305	7.9	7.9	8.0
$10,000 to $19,999	600	325	275	7.2	7.2	7.2
$20,000 to $29,999	1,470	695	770	17.6	15.4	20.1
$30,000 to $39,999	1,620	800	820	19.4	17.8	21.4
$40,000 to $49,999	1,355	740	615	16.2	16.4	16.0
$50,000 to $59,999	785	455	330	9.4	10.1	8.6
$60,000 to $69,999	485	300	185	5.8	6.7	4.8
$70,000 to $79,999	320	175	150	3.8	3.9	3.9
$80,000 to $89,999	235	150	85	2.8	3.3	2.2
$90,000 to $99,999	195	125	70	2.3	2.8	1.8
$100,000 and over	610	380	235	7.3	8.4	6.1
$100,000 to $124,999	270	160	110	3.2	3.6	2.9
$125,000 and over	335	220	120	4.0	4.9	3.1
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	8,505	4,590	3,910	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without employment income	1,105	590	510	13.0	12.9	13.0
With employment income	7,395	3,995	3,395	86.9	87.0	86.8
Under $5,000 (including loss)	760	375	390	10.3	9.4	11.5
$5,000 to $9,999	620	315	310	8.4	7.9	9.1
$10,000 to $19,999	1,170	565	605	15.8	14.1	17.8
$20,000 to $29,999	1,025	485	540	13.9	12.1	15.9
$30,000 to $39,999	875	485	385	11.8	12.1	11.3
$40,000 to $49,999	740	405	330	10.0	10.1	9.7
$50,000 to $59,999	590	340	250	8.0	8.5	7.4
$60,000 to $69,999	385	235	150	5.2	5.9	4.4
$70,000 to $79,999	270	175	95	3.7	4.4	2.8
$80,000 to $89,999	200	125	75	2.7	3.1	2.2
$90,000 to $99,999	165	100	70	2.2	2.5	2.1
$100,000 and over	590	395	195	8.0	9.9	5.7
$100,000 to $124,999	240	160	85	3.2	4.0	2.5
$125,000 and over	345	235	115	4.7	5.9	3.4
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	8,500	4,590	3,915	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	8,145	4,380	3,770	95.8	95.4	96.3
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	41,200	44,000	37,200	41,200	44,000	37,200
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	8,170	4,390	3,780	96.1	95.6	96.6
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	36,000	38,400	32,800	36,000	38,400	32,800
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	7,950	4,280	3,675	93.5	93.2	93.9
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	39,200	42,800	34,800	39,200	42,800	34,800
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	7,220	3,900	3,320	84.9	85.0	84.8
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	35,200	39,200	31,400	35,200	39,200	31,400
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	5,015	2,480	2,535	59.0	54.0	64.8
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	745	588	950	745	588	950
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	485	280	205	5.7	6.1	5.2
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	5,600	5,120	6,120	5,600	5,120	6,120
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	8,405	4,560	3,845	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	8,095	4,360	3,730	96.3	95.6	97.0
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	59,300	64,800	52,800	59,300	64,800	52,800
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	8,110	4,370	3,740	96.5	95.8	97.3
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	47,000	50,280	43,200	47,000	50,280	43,200
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	7,890	4,230	3,660	93.9	92.8	95.2
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	58,400	64,700	51,120	58,400	64,700	51,120
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	7,115	3,745	3,370	84.7	82.1	87.6
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	49,240	56,650	41,040	49,240	56,650	41,040
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	4,990	2,475	2,515	59.4	54.3	65.4
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	3,804	3,648	3,956	3,804	3,648	3,956
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	450	245	210	5.4	5.4	5.5
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,020	5,720	6,360	6,020	5,720	6,360
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	8,405	4,565	3,840	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	2,260	1,340	925	26.9	29.4	24.1
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	56,000	60,400	54,000	56,000	60,400	54,000
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	73,500	78,800	65,800	73,500	78,800	65,800
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	3,890	1,965	1,925	46.3	43.0	50.1
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	28,600	31,000	28,000	28,600	31,000	28,000
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	34,280	34,800	33,760	34,280	34,800	33,760
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	96.0	96.8	95.0	96.0	96.8	95.0
Employment income (%)	73.0	75.0	70.2	73.0	75.0	70.2
Government transfers (%)	4.0	3.2	5.0	4.0	3.2	5.0
Employment insurance benefits (%)	0.6	0.5	0.7	0.6	0.5	0.7
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	4,000	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	97,000	...	...	97,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	84,000	...	...	84,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	1,210	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	50,000	...	...	50,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	43,200	...	...	43,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	2,790	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	118,000	...	...	118,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	103,000	...	...	103,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	3,940	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	126,000	...	...	126,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	101,700	...	...	101,700	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	1,175	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	67,600	...	...	67,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	54,700	...	...	54,700	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	2,765	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	150,800	...	...	150,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	121,700	...	...	121,700	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	4,000	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	65	...	...	1.6	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	35	...	...	0.9	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	35	...	...	0.9	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	50	...	...	1.3	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	60	...	...	1.5	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	95	...	...	2.4	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	120	...	...	3.0	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	95	...	...	2.4	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	135	...	...	3.4	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	130	...	...	3.3	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	250	...	...	6.3	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	235	...	...	5.9	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	260	...	...	6.5	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	260	...	...	6.5	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	245	...	...	6.1	...	...
$100,000 and over	1,930	...	...	48.3	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	535	...	...	13.4	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	400	...	...	10.0	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	465	...	...	11.6	...	...
$200,000 and over	530	...	...	13.3	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	4,000	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	85	...	...	2.1	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	35	...	...	0.9	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	35	...	...	0.9	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	50	...	...	1.3	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	75	...	...	1.9	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	130	...	...	3.3	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	125	...	...	3.1	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	145	...	...	3.6	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	160	...	...	4.0	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	135	...	...	3.4	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	280	...	...	7.0	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	310	...	...	7.8	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	290	...	...	7.3	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	300	...	...	7.5	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	280	...	...	7.0	...	...
$100,000 and over	1,560	...	...	39.0	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	520	...	...	13.0	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	345	...	...	8.6	...	...
$150,000 and over	700	...	...	17.5	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	2,305	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	106,000	...	...	106,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	93,000	...	...	93,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	1,340	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	98,000	...	...	98,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	86,000	...	...	86,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	720	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	144,000	...	...	144,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	124,000	...	...	124,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	3.8	...	...	3.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	195	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	75,500	...	...	75,500	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	67,500	...	...	67,500	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.5	...	...	2.5	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	3,420	2,065	1,355	...	...	...
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	40,000	42,400	37,600	40,000	42,400	37,600
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	36,000	37,200	34,400	36,000	37,200	34,400
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	2,285	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	145,600	...	...	145,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	115,000	...	...	115,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,300	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	133,800	...	...	133,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	105,400	...	...	105,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	695	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	184,000	...	...	184,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	144,000	...	...	144,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	215	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	98,000	...	...	98,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	82,000	...	...	82,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	3,370	2,115	1,255	...	...	...
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	48,760	49,440	47,700	48,760	49,440	47,700
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	41,040	40,800	41,400	41,040	40,800	41,400
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	9,440	5,070	4,370	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	1,155	605	550	12.2	11.9	12.6
0 to 5 years	310	165	150	3.3	3.3	3.4
18 to 64 years	7,465	3,995	3,475	79.1	78.8	79.5
65 years and over	820	470	345	8.7	9.3	7.9
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	650	345	305	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	100	55	45	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	35	15	20	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	495	260	235	...	...	...
65 years and over	55	35	25	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	6.9	6.8	7.0	6.9	6.8	7.0
0 to 17 years (%)	8.4	8.8	7.8	8.4	8.8	7.8
0 to 5 years (%)	11.0	9.0	13.0	11.0	9.0	13.0
18 to 64 years (%)	6.6	6.5	6.8	6.6	6.5	6.8
65 years and over (%)	7.2	7.2	7.2	7.2	7.2	7.2
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	9,435	5,070	4,365	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	1,155	600	550	12.2	11.8	12.6
0 to 5 years	315	160	150	3.3	3.2	3.4
18 to 64 years	7,465	3,990	3,470	79.1	78.7	79.5
65 years and over	815	475	345	8.6	9.4	7.9
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	510	290	215	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	35	20	15	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	10	5	5	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	450	255	195	...	...	...
65 years and over	25	15	10	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	5.4	5.8	4.9	5.4	5.8	4.9
0 to 17 years (%)	2.8	3.4	2.4	2.8	3.4	2.4
0 to 5 years (%)	3.2	4.0	2.5	3.2	4.0	2.5
18 to 64 years (%)	6.0	6.4	5.5	6.0	6.4	5.5
65 years and over (%)	3.2	3.2	2.8	3.2	3.2	2.8
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	9,440	5,070	4,365	100.0	100.0	100.0
In bottom half of the distribution	4,860	2,675	2,190	51.5	52.8	50.2
In bottom decile	1,050	600	450	11.1	11.8	10.3
In second decile	1,065	560	510	11.3	11.0	11.7
In third decile	910	475	430	9.6	9.4	9.9
In fourth decile	955	550	405	10.1	10.8	9.3
In fifth decile	885	490	395	9.4	9.7	9.0
In top half of the distribution	4,575	2,390	2,180	48.5	47.1	49.9
In sixth decile	885	470	415	9.4	9.3	9.5
In seventh decile	860	480	385	9.1	9.5	8.8
In eighth decile	745	395	350	7.9	7.8	8.0
In ninth decile	950	465	490	10.1	9.2	11.2
In top decile	1,125	580	545	11.9	11.4	12.5
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	9,435	...	...	9,435	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.367	...	...	0.367	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.439	...	...	0.439	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.315	...	...	0.315	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.6	...	...	3.6	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	9,975	5,430	4,545	100.0	100.0	100.0
English only	8,350	4,630	3,720	83.7	85.3	81.8
French only	10	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
English and French	1,560	775	790	15.6	14.3	17.4
Neither English nor French	60	30	30	0.6	0.6	0.7
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	9,975	5,430	4,545	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	9,435	5,125	4,305	94.6	94.4	94.7
French	455	255	200	4.6	4.7	4.4
English and French	30	20	10	0.3	0.4	0.2
Neither English nor French	60	30	30	0.6	0.6	0.7
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	9,975	5,430	4,545	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	9,745	5,300	4,445	97.7	97.6	97.8
Official languages	8,410	4,680	3,735	84.3	86.2	82.2
English	7,955	4,425	3,535	79.7	81.5	77.8
French	455	255	205	4.6	4.7	4.5
Non-official languages	1,335	620	710	13.4	11.4	15.6
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	1,335	620	710	13.4	11.4	15.6
Afro-Asiatic languages	30	20	10	0.3	0.4	0.2
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	30	20	10	0.3	0.4	0.2
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	30	20	10	0.3	0.4	0.2
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	10	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.2
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	10	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.2
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	170	70	100	1.7	1.3	2.2
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	5	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	5	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	5	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	5	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	145	65	85	1.5	1.2	1.9
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	740	380	365	7.4	7.0	8.0
Albanian	5	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	275	135	135	2.8	2.5	3.0
Baltic languages	5	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Latvian	5	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	270	135	130	2.7	2.5	2.9
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	125	65	60	1.3	1.2	1.3
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	30	20	15	0.3	0.4	0.3
Russian	20	10	15	0.2	0.2	0.3
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	10	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	65	30	35	0.7	0.6	0.8
Slovene (Slovenian)	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Ukrainian	5	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	155	65	90	1.6	1.2	2.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	110	50	65	1.1	0.9	1.4
German	105	45	60	1.1	0.8	1.3
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	20	10	15	0.2	0.2	0.3
Afrikaans	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Dutch	15	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	25	5	15	0.3	0.1	0.3
Danish	5	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	5	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Swedish	10	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.2
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	70	50	20	0.7	0.9	0.4
Indo-Aryan languages	60	45	20	0.6	0.8	0.4
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	20	15	5	0.2	0.3	0.1
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	30	20	15	0.3	0.4	0.3
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	5	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	240	120	120	2.4	2.2	2.6
Catalan	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Italian	20	15	5	0.2	0.3	0.1
Portuguese	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Romanian	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Spanish	185	90	95	1.9	1.7	2.1
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	230	85	145	2.3	1.6	3.2
Korean	60	30	30	0.6	0.6	0.7
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	60	20	45	0.6	0.4	1.0
Chinese languages	60	20	45	0.6	0.4	1.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	25	5	15	0.3	0.1	0.3
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	30	10	20	0.3	0.2	0.4
Chinese, n.o.s.	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	10	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.2
Estonian	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Finnish	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Hungarian	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	225	125	100	2.3	2.3	2.2
English and French	80	55	25	0.8	1.0	0.6
English and non-official language(s)	130	65	70	1.3	1.2	1.5
French and non-official language(s)	5	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	5	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	9,975	5,430	4,545	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	8,315	4,590	3,730	83.4	84.5	82.1
French	115	50	60	1.2	0.9	1.3
Non-official language	285	155	130	2.9	2.9	2.9
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	285	155	130	2.9	2.9	2.9
English and French	345	200	150	3.5	3.7	3.3
English and non-official language(s)	865	415	450	8.7	7.6	9.9
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	40	15	25	0.4	0.3	0.6
Multiple non-official languages	5	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	9,975	5,430	4,545	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	9,800	5,345	4,455	98.2	98.4	98.0
Official languages	9,225	5,055	4,170	92.5	93.1	91.7
English	9,040	4,960	4,085	90.6	91.3	89.9
French	180	95	85	1.8	1.7	1.9
Non-official languages	575	285	285	5.8	5.2	6.3
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	575	285	285	5.8	5.2	6.3
Afro-Asiatic languages	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	120	55	60	1.2	1.0	1.3
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	110	50	60	1.1	0.9	1.3
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	235	120	110	2.4	2.2	2.4
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	95	50	45	1.0	0.9	1.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	95	50	45	1.0	0.9	1.0
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	55	30	30	0.6	0.6	0.7
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	25	15	10	0.3	0.3	0.2
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	25	10	10	0.3	0.2	0.2
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
German	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	20	15	10	0.2	0.3	0.2
Indo-Aryan languages	15	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	95	45	45	1.0	0.8	1.0
Catalan	0	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	90	45	45	0.9	0.8	1.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	140	65	75	1.4	1.2	1.7
Korean	55	30	20	0.6	0.6	0.4
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	15	5	10	0.2	0.1	0.2
Chinese languages	15	5	10	0.2	0.1	0.2
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	5	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	175	85	90	1.8	1.6	2.0
English and French	45	25	25	0.5	0.5	0.6
English and non-official language(s)	120	55	65	1.2	1.0	1.4
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	5	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	9,970	5,430	4,545	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	8,880	4,880	4,005	89.1	89.9	88.1
English	315	155	160	3.2	2.9	3.5
French	230	130	105	2.3	2.4	2.3
Non-official language	435	215	220	4.4	4.0	4.8
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	435	215	220	4.4	4.0	4.8
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	30	15	10	0.3	0.3	0.2
French and non-official language(s)	25	10	20	0.3	0.2	0.4
English, French and non-official language(s)	5	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	50	30	25	0.5	0.6	0.6
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	9,355	5,065	4,290	100.0	100.0	100.0
Official languages	9,335	5,060	4,275	99.8	99.9	99.7
English	9,330	5,055	4,270	99.7	99.8	99.5
French	1,490	815	675	15.9	16.1	15.7
Non-official languages	1,815	845	970	19.4	16.7	22.6
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	1,815	845	970	19.4	16.7	22.6
Afro-Asiatic languages	25	25	0	0.3	0.5	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	25	25	0	0.3	0.5	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	25	25	0	0.3	0.5	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	20	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.3
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	20	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.3
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	205	95	110	2.2	1.9	2.6
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	185	85	105	2.0	1.7	2.4
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	1,120	525	590	12.0	10.4	13.8
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	285	110	180	3.0	2.2	4.2
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	285	110	180	3.0	2.2	4.2
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	165	70	90	1.8	1.4	2.1
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	40	10	30	0.4	0.2	0.7
Russian	65	25	40	0.7	0.5	0.9
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	70	25	40	0.7	0.5	0.9
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	30	15	15	0.3	0.3	0.3
Irish	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	15	10	0	0.2	0.2	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	230	130	100	2.5	2.6	2.3
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	150	85	65	1.6	1.7	1.5
German	140	75	65	1.5	1.5	1.5
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	15	10	0	0.2	0.2	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	55	35	20	0.6	0.7	0.5
Afrikaans	20	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.2
Dutch	30	25	10	0.3	0.5	0.2
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	25	15	15	0.3	0.3	0.3
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	20	10	15	0.2	0.2	0.3
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	50	25	20	0.5	0.5	0.5
Indo-Aryan languages	50	25	20	0.5	0.5	0.5
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	30	20	10	0.3	0.4	0.2
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	25	0	20	0.3	0.0	0.5
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	540	265	275	5.8	5.2	6.4
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	55	30	30	0.6	0.6	0.7
Portuguese	40	25	15	0.4	0.5	0.3
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	460	215	245	4.9	4.2	5.7
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	285	110	170	3.0	2.2	4.0
Korean	30	15	15	0.3	0.3	0.3
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	130	70	55	1.4	1.4	1.3
Chinese languages	130	70	55	1.4	1.4	1.3
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	85	55	25	0.9	1.1	0.6
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	60	20	40	0.6	0.4	0.9
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	15	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.2
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	15	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.2
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	25	15	0	0.3	0.3	0.0
Estonian	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	9,355	5,065	4,290	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	85	25	55	0.9	0.5	1.3
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	85	25	55	0.9	0.5	1.3
First Nations (North American Indian)	40	0	35	0.4	0.0	0.8
Métis	40	25	15	0.4	0.5	0.3
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous identity	9,275	5,035	4,230	99.1	99.4	98.6
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	9,355	5,065	4,290	100.0	100.0	100.0
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	20	0	20	0.2	0.0	0.5
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	9,335	5,060	4,275	99.8	99.9	99.7
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	3,940	...	...	100.0	...	...
Owner	2,085	...	...	52.9	...	...
Renter	1,855	...	...	47.1	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	3,940	...	...	100.0	...	...
Condominium	1,535	...	...	39.0	...	...
Not condominium	2,400	...	...	60.9	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	3,940	...	...	100.0	...	...
No bedrooms	110	...	...	2.8	...	...
1 bedroom	900	...	...	22.8	...	...
2 bedrooms	985	...	...	25.0	...	...
3 bedrooms	980	...	...	24.9	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	960	...	...	24.4	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	3,940	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	1,965	...	...	49.9	...	...
5 rooms	520	...	...	13.2	...	...
6 rooms	445	...	...	11.3	...	...
7 rooms	305	...	...	7.7	...	...
8 or more rooms	700	...	...	17.8	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	5.1	...	...	5.1	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	3,940	...	...	100.0	...	...
One person or fewer per room	3,790	...	...	96.2	...	...
More than one person per room	155	...	...	3.9	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	3,940	...	...	100.0	...	...
Suitable	3,565	...	...	90.5	...	...
Not suitable	370	...	...	9.4	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	3,940	...	...	100.0	...	...
1960 or before	30	...	...	0.8	...	...
1961 to 1980	945	...	...	24.0	...	...
1981 to 1990	1,145	...	...	29.1	...	...
1991 to 2000	1,195	...	...	30.3	...	...
2001 to 2005	260	...	...	6.6	...	...
2006 to 2010	215	...	...	5.5	...	...
2011 to 2015	85	...	...	2.2	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	60	...	...	1.5	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	3,940	...	...	100.0	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	3,745	...	...	95.1	...	...
Major repairs needed	200	...	...	5.1	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	3,940	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-maintainer household	1,785	...	...	45.3	...	...
Two-maintainer household	1,625	...	...	41.2	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	530	...	...	13.5	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	3,940	...	...	100.0	...	...
15 to 24 years	235	...	...	6.0	...	...
25 to 34 years	950	...	...	24.1	...	...
35 to 44 years	885	...	...	22.5	...	...
45 to 54 years	720	...	...	18.3	...	...
55 to 64 years	630	...	...	16.0	...	...
65 to 74 years	405	...	...	10.3	...	...
75 to 84 years	100	...	...	2.5	...	...
85 years and over	15	...	...	0.4	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	3,915	...	...	100.0	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	2,545	...	...	65.0	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	1,370	...	...	35.0	...	...
30% to less than 100%	1,205	...	...	30.8	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	3,945	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	1,715	...	...	43.5	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	1,170	...	...	29.7	...	...
Not suitable only	225	...	...	5.7	...	...
Major repairs needed only	100	...	...	2.5	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	115	...	...	2.9	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	70	...	...	1.8	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	15	...	...	0.4	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	20	...	...	0.5	...	...
Acceptable housing	2,230	...	...	56.5	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	3,755	...	...	100.0	...	...
In core need	695	...	...	18.5	...	...
Not in core need	3,055	...	...	81.4	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	2,085	...	...	...	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	57.6	...	...	57.6	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	31.3	...	...	31.3	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	13.4	...	...	13.4	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,760	...	...	1,760	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	2,262	...	...	2,262	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	1,290,000	...	...	1,290,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	1,706,000	...	...	1,706,000	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	1,860	...	...	...	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	9.9	...	...	9.9	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	39.2	...	...	39.2	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	24.2	...	...	24.2	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,800	...	...	1,800	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	2,072	...	...	2,072	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	...	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	9,355	5,065	4,290	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	20	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.3
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	20	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.3
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Métis single ancestry	15	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	135	60	75	1.4	1.2	1.7
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	135	60	75	1.4	1.2	1.7
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	95	45	50	1.0	0.9	1.2
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	35	10	20	0.4	0.2	0.5
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	9,200	5,000	4,205	98.3	98.7	98.0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	9,355	5,065	4,290	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	7,125	3,875	3,250	76.2	76.5	75.8
Canadian citizens aged under 18	1,110	595	515	11.9	11.7	12.0
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	6,020	3,285	2,735	64.4	64.9	63.8
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	2,225	1,190	1,035	23.8	23.5	24.1
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	9,355	5,065	4,290	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	5,985	3,260	2,730	64.0	64.4	63.6
Immigrants⁸¹	2,205	1,110	1,095	23.6	21.9	25.5
Before 1980	265	180	85	2.8	3.6	2.0
1980 to 1990	100	45	55	1.1	0.9	1.3
1991 to 2000	240	100	145	2.6	2.0	3.4
2001 to 2010	380	190	190	4.1	3.8	4.4
2011 to 2021⁸²	1,215	595	625	13.0	11.7	14.6
2011 to 2015	505	240	260	5.4	4.7	6.1
2016 to 2021	710	355	360	7.6	7.0	8.4
Non-permanent residents⁸³	1,165	700	465	12.5	13.8	10.8
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	2,205	1,115	1,090	100.0	100.0	100.0
Under 5 years	155	80	70	7.0	7.2	6.4
5 to 14 years	225	160	65	10.2	14.3	6.0
15 to 24 years	220	120	95	10.0	10.8	8.7
25 to 44 years	1,545	725	820	70.1	65.0	75.2
45 years and over	65	25	35	2.9	2.2	3.2
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	2,205	1,115	1,090	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	200	100	100	9.1	9.0	9.2
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
El Salvador	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyana	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	25	10	15	1.1	0.9	1.4
Peru	10	0	0	0.5	0.0	0.0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	125	75	50	5.7	6.7	4.6
Other places of birth in Americas	40	10	25	1.8	0.9	2.3
Europe	1,060	580	485	48.1	52.0	44.5
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	35	20	15	1.6	1.8	1.4
Germany	45	15	30	2.0	1.3	2.8
Greece	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Netherlands	10	10	0	0.5	0.9	0.0
Poland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portugal	10	10	0	0.5	0.9	0.0
Romania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	30	10	25	1.4	0.9	2.3
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	10	0	0	0.5	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	620	335	285	28.1	30.0	26.1
Other places of birth in Europe	275	145	125	12.5	13.0	11.5
Africa	65	30	30	2.9	2.7	2.8
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	25	0	20	1.1	0.0	1.8
Other places of birth in Africa	30	20	0	1.4	1.8	0.0
Asia	510	210	300	23.1	18.8	27.5
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	15	10	0	0.7	0.9	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	35	10	25	1.6	0.9	2.3
Korea, South⁹²	20	10	10	0.9	0.9	0.9
Taiwan	10	0	10	0.5	0.0	0.9
Philippines	225	115	110	10.2	10.3	10.1
Viet Nam	10	0	10	0.5	0.0	0.9
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	20	15	10	0.9	1.3	0.9
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	165	45	115	7.5	4.0	10.6
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	365	190	175	16.6	17.0	16.1
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	715	350	360	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	25	10	15	3.5	2.9	4.2
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	15	0	15	2.1	0.0	4.2
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Americas	10	10	0	1.4	2.9	0.0
Europe	400	190	210	55.9	54.3	58.3
France	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germany	10	0	10	1.4	0.0	2.8
Ireland⁹⁶	15	0	15	2.1	0.0	4.2
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	295	150	140	41.3	42.9	38.9
Other places of birth in Europe	80	40	45	11.2	11.4	12.5
Africa	20	15	0	2.8	4.3	0.0
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	10	10	0	1.4	2.9	0.0
Asia	70	25	45	9.8	7.1	12.5
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	15	10	0	2.1	2.9	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	25	0	20	3.5	0.0	5.6
Jordan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	10	0	10	1.4	0.0	2.8
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	10	0	10	1.4	0.0	2.8
Oceania and other⁹³	195	110	85	27.3	31.4	23.6
Australia	190	105	85	26.6	30.0	23.6
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	9,355	5,065	4,290	100.0	100.0	100.0
First generation¹⁰⁰	3,635	1,955	1,680	38.9	38.6	39.2
Second generation¹⁰¹	1,520	795	725	16.2	15.7	16.9
Third generation or more¹⁰²	4,205	2,310	1,890	44.9	45.6	44.1
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	1,935	930	1,010	100.0	100.0	100.0
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	1,445	750	695	74.7	80.6	68.8
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	990	540	455	51.2	58.1	45.0
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	455	210	245	23.5	22.6	24.3
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	465	170	300	24.0	18.3	29.7
Refugees¹⁰⁸	15	10	10	0.8	1.1	1.0
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	10	0	0	0.5	0.0	0.0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	1,935	930	1,010	100.0	100.0	100.0
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	1,160	550	605	59.9	59.1	59.9
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	15	10	0	0.8	1.1	0.0
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	105	30	70	5.4	3.2	6.9
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	15	0	15	0.8	0.0	1.5
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	650	335	310	33.6	36.0	30.7
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	9,355	5,065	4,290	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	1,105	540	570	11.8	10.7	13.3
South Asian	75	45	35	0.8	0.9	0.8
Chinese	195	85	110	2.1	1.7	2.6
Black	55	45	10	0.6	0.9	0.2
Filipino	295	145	150	3.2	2.9	3.5
Arab	15	15	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
Latin American	105	40	65	1.1	0.8	1.5
Southeast Asian	75	35	35	0.8	0.7	0.8
West Asian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	30	20	15	0.3	0.4	0.3
Japanese	215	90	125	2.3	1.8	2.9
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Multiple visible minorities	30	10	20	0.3	0.2	0.5
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	8,245	4,525	3,720	88.1	89.3	86.7
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	9,355	5,065	4,290	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian	1,095	645	450	11.7	12.7	10.5
English	2,690	1,415	1,280	28.8	27.9	29.8
Irish	1,730	945	785	18.5	18.7	18.3
Scottish	1,815	1,005	810	19.4	19.8	18.9
French, n.o.s.¹²²	720	355	365	7.7	7.0	8.5
German	780	330	445	8.3	6.5	10.4
Chinese	175	85	95	1.9	1.7	2.2
Italian	390	210	180	4.2	4.1	4.2
Indian (India)	65	35	35	0.7	0.7	0.8
Ukrainian	225	145	75	2.4	2.9	1.7
Dutch	285	165	120	3.0	3.3	2.8
Polish	215	85	130	2.3	1.7	3.0
Québécois	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	635	340	300	6.8	6.7	7.0
Filipino	245	120	125	2.6	2.4	2.9
French Canadian	70	25	45	0.7	0.5	1.0
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	415	265	150	4.4	5.2	3.5
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	65	40	25	0.7	0.8	0.6
Métis	50	25	30	0.5	0.5	0.7
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	315	150	165	3.4	3.0	3.8
Russian	165	85	80	1.8	1.7	1.9
Norwegian	160	85	75	1.7	1.7	1.7
Welsh	210	125	85	2.2	2.5	2.0
Portuguese	45	35	10	0.5	0.7	0.2
American	155	75	80	1.7	1.5	1.9
Spanish	130	50	75	1.4	1.0	1.7
Swedish	215	105	115	2.3	2.1	2.7
Hungarian	115	70	45	1.2	1.4	1.0
Acadian	15	10	0	0.2	0.2	0.0
Pakistani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jewish	70	40	30	0.7	0.8	0.7
Punjabi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	15	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.3
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Greek	60	30	25	0.6	0.6	0.6
Jamaican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	55	25	20	0.6	0.5	0.5
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	35	20	10	0.4	0.4	0.2
Romanian	35	25	0	0.4	0.5	0.0
Lebanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	65	30	30	0.7	0.6	0.7
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sikh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austrian	150	60	85	1.6	1.2	2.0
Belgian	70	40	20	0.7	0.8	0.5
Haitian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexican	55	40	15	0.6	0.8	0.3
Mennonite	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Swiss	170	105	65	1.8	2.1	1.5
Finnish	55	20	30	0.6	0.4	0.7
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	20	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.2
Japanese	215	85	125	2.3	1.7	2.9
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	60	35	20	0.6	0.7	0.5
Muslim	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egyptian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	45	20	25	0.5	0.4	0.6
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	55	40	15	0.6	0.8	0.3
Colombian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moroccan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	195	85	115	2.1	1.7	2.7
Syrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afghan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Konger	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ontarian	35	20	15	0.4	0.4	0.3
Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	15	10	0	0.2	0.2	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwanese	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Iraqi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	25	10	20	0.3	0.2	0.5
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	25	15	0	0.3	0.3	0.0
South African	30	15	20	0.3	0.3	0.5
Australian	550	305	245	5.9	6.0	5.7
Palestinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chilean	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Congolese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peruvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Canadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israeli	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	20	15	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albertan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African American	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	35	15	25	0.4	0.3	0.6
Cuban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guatemalan	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Indonesian	25	20	15	0.3	0.4	0.3
Laotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Irish	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	20	15	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
British Columbian	20	15	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Argentinian	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Estonian	30	15	20	0.3	0.3	0.5
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jatt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	35	20	20	0.4	0.4	0.5
Dominican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Abenaki	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Zealander	125	45	75	1.3	0.9	1.7
Sudanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Breton	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gaspesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norman	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mauritian	25	10	10	0.3	0.2	0.2
Kenyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Manitoban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Honduran	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cherokee	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Flemish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Goan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamileke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Libyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Basque	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igorot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guinean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maliseet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Beninese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Roma	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tajik	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amhara	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	9,355	5,065	4,290	100.0	100.0	100.0
Buddhist	30	10	20	0.3	0.2	0.5
Christian	2,115	1,150	965	22.6	22.7	22.5
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	385	210	180	4.1	4.1	4.2
Anabaptist	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Anglican	245	135	110	2.6	2.7	2.6
Baptist	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Catholic	1,110	590	515	11.9	11.6	12.0
Christian Orthodox	20	10	15	0.2	0.2	0.3
Jehovah's Witness	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latter Day Saints	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Lutheran	40	35	10	0.4	0.7	0.2
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	20	15	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	25	20	0	0.3	0.4	0.0
Presbyterian	20	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.2
Reformed	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Church	120	50	70	1.3	1.0	1.6
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	95	55	40	1.0	1.1	0.9
Hindu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jewish	120	65	55	1.3	1.3	1.3
Muslim	50	40	0	0.5	0.8	0.0
Sikh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	75	30	45	0.8	0.6	1.0
No religion and secular perspectives	6,945	3,755	3,190	74.2	74.1	74.4
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	9,325	5,050	4,275	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	7,140	3,930	3,210	76.6	77.8	75.1
Movers	2,185	1,125	1,065	23.4	22.3	24.9
Non-migrants	1,200	680	515	12.9	13.5	12.0
Migrants	985	440	550	10.6	8.7	12.9
Internal migrants	720	290	425	7.7	5.7	9.9
Intraprovincial migrants	465	175	290	5.0	3.5	6.8
Interprovincial migrants	250	115	135	2.7	2.3	3.2
External migrants	270	145	125	2.9	2.9	2.9
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	9,110	4,930	4,180	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	4,010	2,180	1,830	44.0	44.2	43.8
Movers	5,100	2,750	2,350	56.0	55.8	56.2
Non-migrants	1,730	1,000	730	19.0	20.3	17.5
Migrants	3,370	1,750	1,620	37.0	35.5	38.8
Internal migrants	1,865	915	945	20.5	18.6	22.6
Intraprovincial migrants	1,115	535	580	12.2	10.9	13.9
Interprovincial migrants	750	380	370	8.2	7.7	8.9
External migrants	1,505	840	670	16.5	17.0	16.0
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	8,405	4,560	3,840	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	445	285	160	5.3	6.3	4.2
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	7,960	4,275	3,680	94.7	93.8	95.8
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	6,405	3,415	2,990	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	150	100	50	2.3	2.9	1.7
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	6,255	3,315	2,940	97.7	97.1	98.3
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	8,405	4,560	3,845	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	370	245	130	4.4	5.4	3.4
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	2,425	1,540	885	28.9	33.8	23.0
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	5,610	2,780	2,825	66.7	61.0	73.5
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	2,445	1,315	1,130	29.1	28.8	29.4
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	695	550	145	8.3	12.1	3.8
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	305	195	115	3.6	4.3	3.0
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	390	360	30	4.6	7.9	0.8
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	1,430	640	790	17.0	14.0	20.5
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	315	120	200	3.7	2.6	5.2
Bachelor's degree or higher	3,160	1,465	1,695	37.6	32.1	44.1
Bachelor's degree	2,190	1,030	1,155	26.1	22.6	30.0
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	235	110	120	2.8	2.4	3.1
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	55	30	20	0.7	0.7	0.5
Master's degree	655	255	390	7.8	5.6	10.1
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	40	35	0	0.5	0.8	0.0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	6,405	3,415	2,985	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	115	80	30	1.8	2.3	1.0
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	1,630	1,055	575	25.4	30.9	19.3
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	4,665	2,280	2,385	72.8	66.8	79.9
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	2,070	1,115	955	32.3	32.7	32.0
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	595	465	130	9.3	13.6	4.4
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	270	170	100	4.2	5.0	3.4
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	320	295	25	5.0	8.6	0.8
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	1,225	545	680	19.1	16.0	22.8
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	245	105	145	3.8	3.1	4.9
Bachelor's degree or higher	2,600	1,160	1,435	40.6	34.0	48.1
Bachelor's degree	1,840	870	970	28.7	25.5	32.5
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	160	65	95	2.5	1.9	3.2
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	25	10	20	0.4	0.3	0.7
Master's degree	550	200	355	8.6	5.9	11.9
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	20	20	0	0.3	0.6	0.0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	8,405	4,560	3,840	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	2,795	1,785	1,015	33.3	39.1	26.4
Education	310	45	265	3.7	1.0	6.9
13. Education	310	45	265	3.7	1.0	6.9
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	285	100	180	3.4	2.2	4.7
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
50. Visual and performing arts	275	90	180	3.3	2.0	4.7
Humanities	295	120	175	3.5	2.6	4.6
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	15	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
23. English language and literature/letters	95	20	75	1.1	0.4	2.0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	90	30	60	1.1	0.7	1.6
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	15	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.3
38. Philosophy and religious studies	50	40	10	0.6	0.9	0.3
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
54. History	20	10	15	0.2	0.2	0.4
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	770	305	470	9.2	6.7	12.2
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	25	10	15	0.3	0.2	0.4
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	120	50	70	1.4	1.1	1.8
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	40	0	40	0.5	0.0	1.0
22. Legal professions and studies	115	60	60	1.4	1.3	1.6
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
42. Psychology	135	15	125	1.6	0.3	3.3
45. Social sciences	335	175	160	4.0	3.8	4.2
Business, management and public administration	1,450	630	820	17.3	13.8	21.4
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	25	10	15	0.3	0.2	0.4
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	1,425	625	805	17.0	13.7	21.0
Physical and life sciences and technologies	295	175	120	3.5	3.8	3.1
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	125	45	80	1.5	1.0	2.1
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	45	30	15	0.5	0.7	0.4
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	15	10	0	0.2	0.2	0.0
40. Physical sciences	90	75	15	1.1	1.6	0.4
41. Science technologies/technicians	15	15	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	145	95	50	1.7	2.1	1.3
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	125	85	35	1.5	1.9	0.9
25. Library science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
27. Mathematics and statistics	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.3
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	895	805	85	10.6	17.7	2.2
04. Architecture and related services	80	50	35	1.0	1.1	0.9
14. Engineering	230	195	35	2.7	4.3	0.9
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	130	110	20	1.5	2.4	0.5
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	305	305	0	3.6	6.7	0.0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	105	105	0	1.2	2.3	0.0
48. Precision production	45	45	0	0.5	1.0	0.0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	165	100	60	2.0	2.2	1.6
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	55	40	15	0.7	0.9	0.4
03. Natural resources and conservation	105	60	50	1.2	1.3	1.3
Health and related fields	735	240	500	8.7	5.3	13.0
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	285	145	140	3.4	3.2	3.6
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	440	85	360	5.2	1.9	9.4
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Personal, protective and transportation services	275	175	110	3.3	3.8	2.9
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	220	130	90	2.6	2.9	2.3
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	25	25	0	0.3	0.5	0.0
49. Transportation and materials moving	30	20	10	0.4	0.4	0.3
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	6,400	3,415	2,990	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	1,740	1,140	600	27.2	33.4	20.1
Education	225	40	185	3.5	1.2	6.2
13. Education	225	40	185	3.5	1.2	6.2
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	250	85	165	3.9	2.5	5.5
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
50. Visual and performing arts	245	80	165	3.8	2.3	5.5
Humanities	255	120	135	4.0	3.5	4.5
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	15	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
23. English language and literature/letters	80	20	65	1.3	0.6	2.2
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	75	30	45	1.2	0.9	1.5
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	50	40	10	0.8	1.2	0.3
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
54. History	15	10	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	625	245	380	9.8	7.2	12.7
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	25	10	15	0.4	0.3	0.5
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	105	40	65	1.6	1.2	2.2
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	35	0	35	0.5	0.0	1.2
22. Legal professions and studies	80	30	50	1.3	0.9	1.7
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
42. Psychology	90	0	80	1.4	0.0	2.7
45. Social sciences	290	155	130	4.5	4.5	4.3
Business, management and public administration	1,200	495	705	18.8	14.5	23.6
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	25	10	15	0.4	0.3	0.5
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	1,180	485	695	18.4	14.2	23.2
Physical and life sciences and technologies	240	135	105	3.8	4.0	3.5
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	110	40	70	1.7	1.2	2.3
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	35	15	15	0.5	0.4	0.5
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	15	10	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
40. Physical sciences	65	50	10	1.0	1.5	0.3
41. Science technologies/technicians	15	15	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	140	85	50	2.2	2.5	1.7
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	120	80	40	1.9	2.3	1.3
25. Library science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
27. Mathematics and statistics	25	10	10	0.4	0.3	0.3
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	715	640	70	11.2	18.7	2.3
04. Architecture and related services	70	40	35	1.1	1.2	1.2
14. Engineering	180	155	25	2.8	4.5	0.8
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	105	90	15	1.6	2.6	0.5
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	245	245	0	3.8	7.2	0.0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	70	70	0	1.1	2.0	0.0
48. Precision production	40	40	0	0.6	1.2	0.0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	140	80	60	2.2	2.3	2.0
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	40	30	10	0.6	0.9	0.3
03. Natural resources and conservation	95	50	45	1.5	1.5	1.5
Health and related fields	625	195	430	9.8	5.7	14.4
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	260	130	130	4.1	3.8	4.3
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	370	65	310	5.8	1.9	10.4
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Personal, protective and transportation services	250	155	100	3.9	4.5	3.3
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	215	125	90	3.4	3.7	3.0
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	15	10	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
49. Transportation and materials moving	20	20	0	0.3	0.6	0.0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	6,400	3,415	2,990	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,740	1,140	600	27.2	33.4	20.1
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	4,665	2,280	2,385	72.9	66.8	79.8
Location of study inside Canada	2,655	1,310	1,345	41.5	38.4	45.0
Same as province or territory of residence	1,215	580	635	19.0	17.0	21.2
Different than province or territory of residence	1,440	730	710	22.5	21.4	23.7
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	2,010	965	1,045	31.4	28.3	34.9
Americas	255	120	135	4.0	3.5	4.5
United States of America	175	75	100	2.7	2.2	3.3
Mexico	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
Cuba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazil	10	10	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Americas	55	25	30	0.9	0.7	1.0
Europe	960	480	475	15.0	14.1	15.9
Belgium	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	40	25	15	0.6	0.7	0.5
Germany	20	0	20	0.3	0.0	0.7
Netherlands	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Switzerland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	50	35	15	0.8	1.0	0.5
United Kingdom⁸⁷	625	320	305	9.8	9.4	10.2
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Europe	195	80	115	3.0	2.3	3.8
Africa	60	55	10	0.9	1.6	0.3
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	15	15	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	10	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.3
Other locations of study in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asia	250	95	165	3.9	2.8	5.5
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwan	10	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.3
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	105	30	75	1.6	0.9	2.5
Korea, South⁹²	15	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.3
Philippines	95	40	60	1.5	1.2	2.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	20	15	0	0.3	0.4	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania	475	220	260	7.4	6.4	8.7
Australia	440	200	240	6.9	5.9	8.0
New Zealand	40	15	20	0.6	0.4	0.7
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	8,405	4,560	3,845	...	...	...
In the labour force	6,930	3,785	3,145	...	...	...
Employed	5,620	3,065	2,555	...	...	...
Unemployed	1,310	715	590	...	...	...
Not in the labour force	1,475	775	695	...	...	...
Participation rate	82.5	83.0	81.8	82.5	83.0	81.8
Employment rate	66.9	67.2	66.4	66.9	67.2	66.4
Unemployment rate	18.9	18.9	18.8	18.9	18.9	18.8
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	8,405	4,560	3,840	100.0	100.0	100.0
Did not work¹⁸⁶	1,665	850	820	19.8	18.6	21.4
Worked	6,735	3,715	3,020	80.1	81.5	78.6
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	2,365	1,425	945	28.1	31.3	24.6
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	4,370	2,290	2,080	52.0	50.2	54.2
Average weeks worked in reference year	38.5	38.9	38.0	38.5	38.9	38.0
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	6,925	3,780	3,150	100.0	100.0	100.0
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	65	35	30	0.9	0.9	1.0
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	6,865	3,745	3,115	99.1	99.1	98.9
Employee	5,395	2,925	2,475	77.9	77.4	78.6
Permanent position	4,135	2,225	1,910	59.7	58.9	60.6
Temporary position	1,260	700	560	18.2	18.5	17.8
Fixed term (1 year or more)	285	170	110	4.1	4.5	3.5
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	975	530	445	14.1	14.0	14.1
Self-employed¹⁹²	1,470	820	645	21.2	21.7	20.5
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	6,925	3,780	3,150	100.0	100.0	100.0
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	65	35	30	0.9	0.9	1.0
All occupations¹⁹¹	6,865	3,745	3,115	99.1	99.1	98.9
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	110	75	40	1.6	2.0	1.3
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	960	295	660	13.9	7.8	21.0
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	370	280	90	5.3	7.4	2.9
3 Health occupations	225	25	205	3.2	0.7	6.5
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	420	125	290	6.1	3.3	9.2
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	395	215	185	5.7	5.7	5.9
6 Sales and service occupations	2,950	1,460	1,490	42.6	38.6	47.3
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	1,155	1,075	80	16.7	28.4	2.5
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	195	125	70	2.8	3.3	2.2
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	80	70	10	1.2	1.9	0.3
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	6,925	3,780	3,150	100.0	100.0	100.0
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	65	35	30	0.9	0.9	1.0
All industries¹⁹¹	6,865	3,745	3,115	99.1	99.1	98.9
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	55	25	30	0.8	0.7	1.0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	30	30	0	0.4	0.8	0.0
22 Utilities	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
23 Construction	750	675	80	10.8	17.9	2.5
31-33 Manufacturing	165	70	100	2.4	1.9	3.2
41 Wholesale trade	120	95	25	1.7	2.5	0.8
44-45 Retail trade	675	345	330	9.7	9.1	10.5
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	130	110	25	1.9	2.9	0.8
51 Information and cultural industries	75	30	40	1.1	0.8	1.3
52 Finance and insurance	160	105	50	2.3	2.8	1.6
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	240	115	130	3.5	3.0	4.1
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	560	295	265	8.1	7.8	8.4
55 Management of companies and enterprises	20	10	10	0.3	0.3	0.3
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	385	195	190	5.6	5.2	6.0
61 Educational services	280	85	190	4.0	2.2	6.0
62 Health care and social assistance	345	30	315	5.0	0.8	10.0
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	400	190	215	5.8	5.0	6.8
72 Accommodation and food services	1,990	1,140	850	28.7	30.2	27.0
81 Other services (except public administration)	250	75	175	3.6	2.0	5.6
91 Public administration	225	125	100	3.2	3.3	3.2
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	7,400	4,035	3,365	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	7,025	3,835	3,190	94.9	95.0	94.8
French	15	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.4
Non-official language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and French	175	110	70	2.4	2.7	2.1
English and non-official language(s)	170	85	90	2.3	2.1	2.7
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	7,400	4,035	3,365	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	7,385	4,035	3,350	99.8	100.0	99.6
Official languages	7,360	4,015	3,340	99.5	99.5	99.3
English	7,280	3,970	3,310	98.4	98.4	98.4
French	75	50	30	1.0	1.2	0.9
Non-official languages	25	15	10	0.3	0.4	0.3
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	25	15	10	0.3	0.4	0.3
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	20	15	0	0.3	0.4	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	15	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.4
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	15	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.4
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	7,400	4,035	3,365	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	7,060	3,835	3,225	95.4	95.0	95.8
English	75	60	20	1.0	1.5	0.6
French	125	70	55	1.7	1.7	1.6
Non-official language	135	60	65	1.8	1.5	1.9
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	130	60	65	1.8	1.5	1.9
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	5,620	3,065	2,555	100.0	100.0	100.0
Worked at home	1,215	585	630	21.6	19.1	24.7
Worked outside Canada	25	0	25	0.4	0.0	1.0
No fixed workplace address	1,175	810	365	20.9	26.4	14.3
Usual place of work	3,205	1,675	1,530	57.0	54.6	59.9
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	3,200	1,670	1,535	100.0	100.0	100.0
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	2,845	1,510	1,340	88.9	90.4	87.3
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	140	55	90	4.4	3.3	5.9
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	190	85	105	5.9	5.1	6.8
Commute to a different province or territory	20	20	0	0.6	1.2	0.0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	4,380	2,480	1,900	100.0	100.0	100.0
Car, truck or van	2,825	1,735	1,095	64.5	70.0	57.6
Car, truck or van - as a driver	2,660	1,675	985	60.7	67.5	51.8
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	165	60	110	3.8	2.4	5.8
Public transit	470	200	265	10.7	8.1	13.9
Walked	590	260	335	13.5	10.5	17.6
Bicycle	365	215	150	8.3	8.7	7.9
Other method	125	70	50	2.9	2.8	2.6
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	4,380	2,480	1,900	100.0	100.0	100.0
Less than 15 minutes	2,635	1,490	1,145	60.2	60.1	60.3
15 to 29 minutes	1,260	705	555	28.8	28.4	29.2
30 to 44 minutes	245	155	95	5.6	6.3	5.0
45 to 59 minutes	100	55	50	2.3	2.2	2.6
60 minutes and over	135	80	55	3.1	3.2	2.9
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	4,380	2,480	1,900	100.0	100.0	100.0
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	130	100	30	3.0	4.0	1.6
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	365	215	150	8.3	8.7	7.9
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	1,010	680	330	23.1	27.4	17.4
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	1,200	580	625	27.4	23.4	32.9
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	955	470	485	21.8	19.0	25.5
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	715	435	285	16.3	17.5	15.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	1,185	620	565	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	150	80	65	12.7	12.9	11.5
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	1,040	545	495	87.8	87.9	87.6
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	910	465	435	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	120	65	60	13.2	14.0	13.8
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	80	40	40	8.8	8.6	9.2
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	45	25	20	4.9	5.4	4.6
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	785	405	385	86.3	87.1	88.5

Symbol legend

...
not applicable
^r
revised

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 30, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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