Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	Williams LakeMore information: British Columbia [Population centre]
	Counts			Rates
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	11,906	...	...	...	...	...
Population, 2016¹	11,702^r	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	1.7	...	...	1.7	...	...
Total private dwellings²	5,466	...	...	...	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	5,109	...	...	...	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	430.0	...	...	430.0	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	27.69	...	...	...	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	11,900	5,895	6,005	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	2,035	1,045	990	17.1	17.7	16.5
0 to 4 years	645	325	315	5.4	5.5	5.2
5 to 9 years	675	360	315	5.7	6.1	5.2
10 to 14 years	715	365	355	6.0	6.2	5.9
15 to 64 years	7,495	3,745	3,745	63.0	63.5	62.4
15 to 19 years	695	375	320	5.8	6.4	5.3
20 to 24 years	730	390	340	6.1	6.6	5.7
25 to 29 years	810	395	415	6.8	6.7	6.9
30 to 34 years	800	395	405	6.7	6.7	6.7
35 to 39 years	770	380	385	6.5	6.4	6.4
40 to 44 years	710	345	365	6.0	5.9	6.1
45 to 49 years	700	340	365	5.9	5.8	6.1
50 to 54 years	755	375	380	6.3	6.4	6.3
55 to 59 years	740	355	385	6.2	6.0	6.4
60 to 64 years	780	395	385	6.6	6.7	6.4
65 years and over	2,375	1,100	1,275	20.0	18.7	21.2
65 to 69 years	735	340	395	6.2	5.8	6.6
70 to 74 years	595	280	315	5.0	4.7	5.2
75 to 79 years	410	200	210	3.4	3.4	3.5
80 to 84 years	300	115	185	2.5	2.0	3.1
85 years and over	330	170	165	2.8	2.9	2.7
85 to 89 years	205	120	85	1.7	2.0	1.4
90 to 94 years	115	45	70	1.0	0.8	1.2
95 to 99 years	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
100 years and over	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	17.1	17.7	16.5	17.1	17.7	16.5
15 to 64 years	63.0	63.5	62.4	63.0	63.5	62.4
65 years and over	20.0	18.7	21.2	20.0	18.7	21.2
85 years and over	2.8	2.9	2.7	2.8	2.9	2.7
Average age of the population	41.6	40.7	42.4	41.6	40.7	42.4
Median age of the population	40.8	39.6	42.0	40.8	39.6	42.0
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	5,110	...	...	100.0	...	...
Single-detached house	2,520	...	...	49.3	...	...
Semi-detached house	235	...	...	4.6	...	...
Row house	360	...	...	7.0	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	520	...	...	10.2	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	955	...	...	18.7	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	5	...	...	0.1	...	...
Other single-attached house	15	...	...	0.3	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	500	...	...	9.8	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	5,110	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 person	1,685	...	...	33.0	...	...
2 persons	1,785	...	...	34.9	...	...
3 persons	710	...	...	13.9	...	...
4 persons	565	...	...	11.1	...	...
5 or more persons	365	...	...	7.1	...	...
Number of persons in private households	11,660	5,755	5,900	100.0	100.0	100.0
Average household size	2.3	...	...	2.3	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	9,865	4,850	5,015	100.0	100.0	100.0
Married or living common-law	5,245	2,615	2,630	53.2	53.9	52.4
Married	3,820	1,910	1,915	38.7	39.4	38.2
Living common-law	1,425	710	715	14.4	14.6	14.3
Living common law - Never married	1,095	545	550	11.1	11.2	11.0
Living common law - Separated	75	35	35	0.8	0.7	0.7
Living common law - Divorced	230	115	110	2.3	2.4	2.2
Living common law - Widowed	30	10	20	0.3	0.2	0.4
Not married and not living common-law	4,620	2,230	2,390	46.8	46.0	47.7
Not married and not living common law - Never married	2,935	1,630	1,305	29.8	33.6	26.0
Not married and not living common law - Separated	380	155	225	3.9	3.2	4.5
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	685	305	380	6.9	6.3	7.6
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	625	140	480	6.3	2.9	9.6
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	3,225	...	...	100.0	...	...
2 persons	1,835	...	...	56.9	...	...
3 persons	610	...	...	18.9	...	...
4 persons	515	...	...	16.0	...	...
5 or more persons	260	...	...	8.1	...	...
Average size of census families	2.8	...	...	2.8	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.8	...	...	1.8	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	3,225	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total couple families	2,550	...	...	79.1	...	...
Married couples	1,840	...	...	57.1	...	...
With children⁶	815	...	...	25.3	...	...
Without children	1,025	...	...	31.8	...	...
Common-law couples	715	...	...	22.2	...	...
With children⁶	320	...	...	9.9	...	...
Without children	395	...	...	12.2	...	...
Total one-parent families	670	...	...	20.8	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	520	...	...	16.1	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	150	...	...	4.7	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	11,660	5,755	5,900	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total - Persons in census families	8,970	4,415	4,560	76.9	76.7	77.3
Married spouses or common-law partners	5,105	2,550	2,555	43.8	44.3	43.3
Parents in one-parent families	675	155	520	5.8	2.7	8.8
Children⁶	3,195	1,720	1,480	27.4	29.9	25.1
In a two-parent family	2,140	1,120	1,020	18.4	19.5	17.3
In a one-parent family	1,055	595	460	9.0	10.3	7.8
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	2,685	1,340	1,345	23.0	23.3	22.8
Living alone	1,685	805	880	14.5	14.0	14.9
Living with other relatives⁷	345	160	180	3.0	2.8	3.1
Living with non-relatives only	655	370	285	5.6	6.4	4.8
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	5,110	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	2,785	...	...	54.5	...	...
Couple-family households	2,280	...	...	44.6	...	...
With children⁶	1,015	...	...	19.9	...	...
Without children	1,260	...	...	24.7	...	...
One-parent-family households	510	...	...	10.0	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	100	...	...	2.0	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	30	...	...	0.6	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	235	...	...	4.6	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	275	...	...	5.4	...	...
One-person households	1,685	...	...	33.0	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	9,625	4,710	4,915	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	9,390	4,590	4,795	97.6	97.5	97.6
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	41,200	50,400	35,200	41,200	50,400	35,200
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	9,400	4,600	4,800	97.7	97.7	97.7
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	37,600	45,600	33,200	37,600	45,600	33,200
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	8,135	4,095	4,030	84.5	86.9	82.0
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	36,000	47,600	27,400	36,000	47,600	27,400
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	6,710	3,460	3,250	69.7	73.5	66.1
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	40,000	53,200	31,400	40,000	53,200	31,400
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	7,865	3,620	4,245	81.7	76.9	86.4
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	11,400	9,600	12,500	11,400	9,600	12,500
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	1,110	565	545	11.5	12.0	11.1
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,480	5,400	5,520	5,480	5,400	5,520
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	2,550	1,195	1,355	26.5	25.4	27.6
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,000	7,400	8,000	8,000	7,400	8,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	9,670	4,715	4,955	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	9,375	4,560	4,815	96.9	96.7	97.2
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	50,640	59,250	42,520	50,640	59,250	42,520
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	9,385	4,565	4,820	97.1	96.8	97.3
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	44,040	50,440	37,960	44,040	50,440	37,960
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	8,160	4,050	4,110	84.4	85.9	82.9
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	46,040	56,100	36,120	46,040	56,100	36,120
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	6,710	3,405	3,305	69.4	72.2	66.7
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	47,640	57,150	37,880	47,640	57,150	37,880
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	7,910	3,665	4,245	81.8	77.7	85.7
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	12,540	11,720	13,240	12,540	11,720	13,240
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	1,050	565	490	10.9	12.0	9.9
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,830	5,160	6,600	5,830	5,160	6,600
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	2,545	1,190	1,355	26.3	25.2	27.3
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,720	8,380	9,020	8,720	8,380	9,020
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	9,670	4,715	4,960	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	3,130	1,770	1,365	32.4	37.5	27.5
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	63,600	74,000	53,600	63,600	74,000	53,600
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	69,000	76,600	59,000	69,000	76,600	59,000
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	2,725	1,290	1,440	28.2	27.4	29.0
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	20,200	27,600	17,200	20,200	27,600	17,200
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	32,120	39,720	25,340	32,120	39,720	25,340
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	79.2	84.0	72.6	79.2	84.0	72.6
Employment income (%)¹⁹	67.4	72.0	61.2	67.4	72.0	61.2
Government transfers (%)²⁰	20.9	15.9	27.5	20.9	15.9	27.5
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.3	1.1	1.6	1.3	1.1	1.6
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	5.9	4.5	7.7	5.9	4.5	7.7
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	4.7	3.7	6.0	4.7	3.7	6.0
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	9,625	4,710	4,915	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without total income	235	120	120	2.4	2.5	2.4
With total income	9,390	4,595	4,795	97.6	97.6	97.6
Under $10,000 (including loss)	710	300	405	7.6	6.5	8.4
$10,000 to $19,999	1,110	410	705	11.8	8.9	14.7
$20,000 to $29,999	1,430	560	865	15.2	12.2	18.0
$30,000 to $39,999	1,325	530	800	14.1	11.5	16.7
$40,000 to $49,999	1,090	470	620	11.6	10.2	12.9
$50,000 to $59,999	840	405	430	8.9	8.8	9.0
$60,000 to $69,999	685	370	315	7.3	8.1	6.6
$70,000 to $79,999	580	380	200	6.2	8.3	4.2
$80,000 to $89,999	405	260	145	4.3	5.7	3.0
$90,000 to $99,999	315	210	100	3.4	4.6	2.1
$100,000 and over	915	700	210	9.7	15.2	4.4
$100,000 to $149,999	730	565	160	7.8	12.3	3.3
$150,000 and over	185	135	50	2.0	2.9	1.0
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	9,625	4,710	4,915	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without after-tax income	225	110	120	2.3	2.3	2.4
With after-tax income	9,395	4,600	4,795	97.6	97.7	97.6
Under $10,000 (including loss)	740	315	425	7.9	6.8	8.9
$10,000 to $19,999	1,150	435	715	12.2	9.5	14.9
$20,000 to $29,999	1,610	635	980	17.1	13.8	20.4
$30,000 to $39,999	1,510	620	890	16.1	13.5	18.6
$40,000 to $49,999	1,205	555	650	12.8	12.1	13.6
$50,000 to $59,999	920	505	420	9.8	11.0	8.8
$60,000 to $69,999	745	465	280	7.9	10.1	5.8
$70,000 to $79,999	500	315	185	5.3	6.8	3.9
$80,000 to $89,999	390	295	100	4.2	6.4	2.1
$90,000 to $99,999	235	180	55	2.5	3.9	1.1
$100,000 and over	385	285	100	4.1	6.2	2.1
$100,000 to $124,999	245	190	55	2.6	4.1	1.1
$125,000 and over	140	100	40	1.5	2.2	0.8
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	9,625	4,710	4,915	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without employment income	2,915	1,250	1,665	30.3	26.5	33.9
With employment income	6,710	3,460	3,250	69.7	73.5	66.1
Under $5,000 (including loss)	775	320	460	11.5	9.2	14.2
$5,000 to $9,999	525	225	300	7.8	6.5	9.2
$10,000 to $19,999	745	305	445	11.1	8.8	13.7
$20,000 to $29,999	630	260	370	9.4	7.5	11.4
$30,000 to $39,999	680	260	420	10.1	7.5	12.9
$40,000 to $49,999	635	300	335	9.5	8.7	10.3
$50,000 to $59,999	505	240	265	7.5	6.9	8.2
$60,000 to $69,999	510	305	205	7.6	8.8	6.3
$70,000 to $79,999	435	295	135	6.5	8.5	4.2
$80,000 to $89,999	290	190	105	4.3	5.5	3.2
$90,000 to $99,999	255	180	70	3.8	5.2	2.2
$100,000 and over	725	580	140	10.8	16.8	4.3
$100,000 to $124,999	435	350	85	6.5	10.1	2.6
$125,000 and over	290	230	55	4.3	6.6	1.7
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	9,625	4,710	4,915	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	9,130	4,460	4,670	94.9	94.7	95.0
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	38,000	50,000	30,600	38,000	50,000	30,600
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	9,145	4,465	4,680	95.0	94.8	95.2
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	34,400	44,400	28,600	34,400	44,400	28,600
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	8,075	4,065	4,010	83.9	86.3	81.6
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	35,600	48,000	27,200	35,600	48,000	27,200
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	6,900	3,550	3,350	71.7	75.4	68.2
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	38,000	51,600	29,400	38,000	51,600	29,400
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	6,530	2,815	3,715	67.8	59.8	75.6
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	8,800	8,700	8,900	8,800	8,700	8,900
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	995	560	440	10.3	11.9	9.0
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	5,520	5,680	5,280	5,520	5,680	5,280
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	9,670	4,715	4,955	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	9,110	4,440	4,665	94.2	94.2	94.1
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	46,840	56,750	37,360	46,840	56,750	37,360
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	9,120	4,445	4,675	94.3	94.3	94.3
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	40,200	47,680	33,120	40,200	47,680	33,120
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	8,045	4,050	3,995	83.2	85.9	80.6
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	44,920	55,150	34,560	44,920	55,150	34,560
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	6,870	3,535	3,335	71.0	75.0	67.3
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	45,680	55,200	35,600	45,680	55,200	35,600
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	6,610	2,845	3,765	68.4	60.3	76.0
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	9,830	10,080	9,640	9,830	10,080	9,640
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	915	505	405	9.5	10.7	8.2
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,640	6,720	6,560	6,640	6,720	6,560
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	9,670	4,715	4,960	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	3,090	1,755	1,335	32.0	37.2	26.9
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	60,800	70,500	50,000	60,800	70,500	50,000
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	65,200	73,700	53,900	65,200	73,700	53,900
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	2,545	1,225	1,325	26.3	26.0	26.7
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	24,800	34,400	21,000	24,800	34,400	21,000
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	35,280	44,400	26,880	35,280	44,400	26,880
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	84.8	88.6	79.2	84.8	88.6	79.2
Employment income (%)	73.6	77.4	68.2	73.6	77.4	68.2
Government transfers (%)	15.2	11.4	20.8	15.2	11.4	20.8
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.4	1.4	1.5	1.4	1.4	1.5
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	5,110	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	78,500	...	...	78,500	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	70,500	...	...	70,500	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	1,685	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	41,200	...	...	41,200	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	37,200	...	...	37,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	3,420	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	102,000	...	...	102,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	90,000	...	...	90,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	5,125	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	92,600	...	...	92,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	80,600	...	...	80,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	1,680	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	52,300	...	...	52,300	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	45,760	...	...	45,760	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	3,450	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	112,200	...	...	112,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	97,500	...	...	97,500	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	5,110	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	25	...	...	0.5	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	15	...	...	0.3	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	45	...	...	0.9	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	130	...	...	2.5	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	255	...	...	5.0	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	205	...	...	4.0	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	170	...	...	3.3	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	220	...	...	4.3	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	250	...	...	4.9	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	200	...	...	3.9	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	370	...	...	7.2	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	350	...	...	6.8	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	365	...	...	7.1	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	340	...	...	6.7	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	265	...	...	5.2	...	...
$100,000 and over	1,890	...	...	37.0	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	645	...	...	12.6	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	455	...	...	8.9	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	495	...	...	9.7	...	...
$200,000 and over	295	...	...	5.8	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	5,110	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	30	...	...	0.6	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	15	...	...	0.3	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	50	...	...	1.0	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	135	...	...	2.6	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	265	...	...	5.2	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	230	...	...	4.5	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	205	...	...	4.0	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	255	...	...	5.0	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	260	...	...	5.1	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	220	...	...	4.3	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	440	...	...	8.6	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	435	...	...	8.5	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	400	...	...	7.8	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	355	...	...	6.9	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	325	...	...	6.4	...	...
$100,000 and over	1,490	...	...	29.2	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	650	...	...	12.7	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	365	...	...	7.1	...	...
$150,000 and over	470	...	...	9.2	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	3,235	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	100,000	...	...	100,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	88,000	...	...	88,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.9	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	1,320	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	91,000	...	...	91,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	81,000	...	...	81,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	1,140	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	133,000	...	...	133,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	115,000	...	...	115,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	4.0	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	640	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	66,500	...	...	66,500	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	62,800	...	...	62,800	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	2,340	1,180	1,165	...	...	...
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	39,200	44,400	35,200	39,200	44,400	35,200
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	36,400	40,000	32,800	36,400	40,000	32,800
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	3,260	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	111,300	...	...	111,300	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	96,500	...	...	96,500	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,340	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	109,300	...	...	109,300	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	93,200	...	...	93,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,130	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	136,000	...	...	136,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	117,600	...	...	117,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	640	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	71,600	...	...	71,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	65,400	...	...	65,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	2,290	1,150	1,140	...	...	...
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	48,800	52,700	44,900	48,800	52,700	44,900
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	42,920	45,300	40,600	42,920	45,300	40,600
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	11,660	5,760	5,900	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	2,470	1,275	1,190	21.2	22.1	20.2
0 to 5 years	765	395	370	6.6	6.9	6.3
18 to 64 years	7,015	3,485	3,530	60.2	60.5	59.8
65 years and over	2,180	995	1,185	18.7	17.3	20.1
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	1,280	555	725	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	300	150	150	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	110	55	50	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	610	270	340	...	...	...
65 years and over	370	130	240	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	11.0	9.6	12.3	11.0	9.6	12.3
0 to 17 years (%)	12.2	12.0	12.4	12.2	12.0	12.4
0 to 5 years (%)	14.0	14.4	13.6	14.0	14.4	13.6
18 to 64 years (%)	8.7	7.8	9.7	8.7	7.8	9.7
65 years and over (%)	17.0	13.0	20.4	17.0	13.0	20.4
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	11,660	5,755	5,900	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	2,465	1,275	1,190	21.1	22.2	20.2
0 to 5 years	765	390	375	6.6	6.8	6.4
18 to 64 years	7,015	3,485	3,530	60.2	60.6	59.8
65 years and over	2,175	995	1,180	18.7	17.3	20.0
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	350	165	180	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	95	55	40	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	35	15	15	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	230	105	120	...	...	...
65 years and over	25	5	20	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	3.0	2.9	3.1	3.0	2.9	3.1
0 to 17 years (%)	3.9	4.2	3.4	3.9	4.2	3.4
0 to 5 years (%)	4.4	5.0	4.5	4.4	5.0	4.5
18 to 64 years (%)	3.3	3.1	3.5	3.3	3.1	3.5
65 years and over (%)	1.1	0.5	1.7	1.1	0.5	1.7
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	11,655	5,760	5,900	100.0	100.0	100.0
In bottom half of the distribution	6,125	2,880	3,245	52.6	50.0	55.0
In bottom decile	1,160	515	640	10.0	8.9	10.8
In second decile	1,215	545	675	10.4	9.5	11.4
In third decile	1,315	620	690	11.3	10.8	11.7
In fourth decile	1,205	565	640	10.3	9.8	10.8
In fifth decile	1,235	630	605	10.6	10.9	10.3
In top half of the distribution	5,535	2,880	2,655	47.5	50.0	45.0
In sixth decile	1,150	595	555	9.9	10.3	9.4
In seventh decile	1,240	655	585	10.6	11.4	9.9
In eighth decile	1,210	615	595	10.4	10.7	10.1
In ninth decile	1,130	600	530	9.7	10.4	9.0
In top decile	800	415	390	6.9	7.2	6.6
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	11,660	...	...	11,660	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.297	...	...	0.297	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.427	...	...	0.427	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.266	...	...	0.266	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.5	...	...	3.5	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	11,670	5,765	5,905	100.0	100.0	100.0
English only	11,160	5,535	5,630	95.6	96.0	95.3
French only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and French	460	205	250	3.9	3.6	4.2
Neither English nor French	50	25	30	0.4	0.4	0.5
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	11,670	5,765	5,905	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	11,520	5,695	5,830	98.7	98.8	98.7
French	95	50	40	0.8	0.9	0.7
English and French	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Neither English nor French	45	20	30	0.4	0.3	0.5
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	11,670	5,765	5,905	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	11,445	5,650	5,790	98.1	98.0	98.1
Official languages	10,420	5,175	5,245	89.3	89.8	88.8
English	10,300	5,120	5,185	88.3	88.8	87.8
French	120	60	55	1.0	1.0	0.9
Non-official languages	1,025	475	550	8.8	8.2	9.3
Indigenous languages³⁹	125	55	75	1.1	1.0	1.3
Algonquian languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	115	45	65	1.0	0.8	1.1
Northern Athabaskan languages	115	45	65	1.0	0.8	1.1
Dakelh (Carrier)	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	100	40	60	0.9	0.7	1.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	900	420	475	7.7	7.3	8.0
Afro-Asiatic languages	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	70	25	45	0.6	0.4	0.8
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	65	25	45	0.6	0.4	0.8
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	665	320	340	5.7	5.6	5.8
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	45	20	25	0.4	0.3	0.4
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	40	20	25	0.3	0.3	0.4
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Polish	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Russian	15	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	10	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.2
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	195	85	110	1.7	1.5	1.9
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	120	50	70	1.0	0.9	1.2
German	110	40	70	0.9	0.7	1.2
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	65	30	30	0.6	0.5	0.5
Afrikaans	35	15	15	0.3	0.3	0.3
Dutch	30	15	20	0.3	0.3	0.3
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Danish	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	340	185	155	2.9	3.2	2.6
Indo-Aryan languages	335	180	150	2.9	3.1	2.5
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	15	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.2
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	295	160	135	2.5	2.8	2.3
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	90	35	50	0.8	0.6	0.8
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	15	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Portuguese	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	50	15	30	0.4	0.3	0.5
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	15	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Korean	40	25	20	0.3	0.4	0.3
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	55	20	30	0.5	0.3	0.5
Chinese languages	45	20	30	0.4	0.3	0.5
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	25	15	15	0.2	0.3	0.3
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	25	5	15	0.2	0.1	0.3
Chinese, n.o.s.	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	15	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Hungarian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	225	110	115	1.9	1.9	1.9
English and French	30	15	10	0.3	0.3	0.2
English and non-official language(s)	180	85	95	1.5	1.5	1.6
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	15	10	10	0.1	0.2	0.2
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	11,670	5,765	5,905	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	10,595	5,240	5,355	90.8	90.9	90.7
French	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Non-official language	235	120	110	2.0	2.1	1.9
Indigenous³⁹	15	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Non-Indigenous	225	120	110	1.9	2.1	1.9
English and French	55	25	30	0.5	0.4	0.5
English and non-official language(s)	760	360	400	6.5	6.2	6.8
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	15	10	5	0.1	0.2	0.1
Multiple non-official languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	11,670	5,765	5,905	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	11,530	5,705	5,830	98.8	99.0	98.7
Official languages	11,040	5,450	5,590	94.6	94.5	94.7
English	11,030	5,445	5,585	94.5	94.4	94.6
French	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Non-official languages	490	255	235	4.2	4.4	4.0
Indigenous languages³⁹	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Algonquian languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Northern Athabaskan languages	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	465	240	225	4.0	4.2	3.8
Afro-Asiatic languages	15	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	15	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	15	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	40	20	20	0.3	0.3	0.3
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	40	20	20	0.3	0.3	0.3
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	320	160	155	2.7	2.8	2.6
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	10	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	10	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	30	15	15	0.3	0.3	0.3
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	25	15	15	0.2	0.3	0.3
Afrikaans	25	15	15	0.2	0.3	0.3
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	260	135	120	2.2	2.3	2.0
Indo-Aryan languages	255	135	120	2.2	2.3	2.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	230	125	110	2.0	2.2	1.9
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	25	5	15	0.2	0.1	0.3
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	15	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.2
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Korean	40	20	15	0.3	0.3	0.3
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
American Sign Language	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	20	15	10	0.2	0.3	0.2
Chinese languages	20	15	10	0.2	0.3	0.2
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	15	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	145	60	80	1.2	1.0	1.4
English and French	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
English and non-official language(s)	135	60	75	1.2	1.0	1.3
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	11,670	5,765	5,905	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	10,950	5,415	5,535	93.8	93.9	93.7
English	230	115	120	2.0	2.0	2.0
French	45	20	25	0.4	0.3	0.4
Non-official language	385	175	205	3.3	3.0	3.5
Indigenous³⁹	105	50	55	0.9	0.9	0.9
Non-Indigenous	280	125	155	2.4	2.2	2.6
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	25	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
French and non-official language(s)	10	10	5	0.1	0.2	0.1
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	25	15	10	0.2	0.3	0.2
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	11,715	5,755	5,960	100.0	100.0	100.0
Official languages	11,655	5,730	5,935	99.5	99.6	99.6
English	11,655	5,730	5,935	99.5	99.6	99.6
French	500	210	280	4.3	3.6	4.7
Non-official languages	1,490	690	800	12.7	12.0	13.4
Indigenous languages³⁹	230	85	140	2.0	1.5	2.3
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	180	65	110	1.5	1.1	1.8
Northern Athabaskan languages	180	65	110	1.5	1.1	1.8
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	180	65	110	1.5	1.1	1.8
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	35	15	25	0.3	0.3	0.4
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	35	15	25	0.3	0.3	0.4
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	1,270	610	660	10.8	10.6	11.1
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	130	50	80	1.1	0.9	1.3
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	125	50	75	1.1	0.9	1.3
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	950	470	475	8.1	8.2	8.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	70	15	50	0.6	0.3	0.8
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	65	15	50	0.6	0.3	0.8
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Russian	30	10	20	0.3	0.2	0.3
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	275	145	130	2.3	2.5	2.2
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	190	95	90	1.6	1.7	1.5
German	180	90	90	1.5	1.6	1.5
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	85	45	35	0.7	0.8	0.6
Afrikaans	45	25	30	0.4	0.4	0.5
Dutch	40	25	15	0.3	0.4	0.3
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Danish	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	380	200	175	3.2	3.5	2.9
Indo-Aryan languages	380	200	175	3.2	3.5	2.9
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	140	65	65	1.2	1.1	1.1
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	340	175	165	2.9	3.0	2.8
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	25	20	10	0.2	0.3	0.2
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	225	120	110	1.9	2.1	1.8
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	30	20	0	0.3	0.3	0.0
Portuguese	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	185	85	95	1.6	1.5	1.6
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	45	25	25	0.4	0.4	0.4
Korean	55	30	25	0.5	0.5	0.4
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Akan (Twi)	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	30	15	15	0.3	0.3	0.3
American Sign Language	30	15	15	0.3	0.3	0.3
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	35	15	25	0.3	0.3	0.4
Chinese languages	35	15	25	0.3	0.3	0.4
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	20	15	10	0.2	0.3	0.2
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	11,715	5,755	5,960	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	2,780	1,300	1,475	23.7	22.6	24.7
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	2,695	1,270	1,420	23.0	22.1	23.8
First Nations (North American Indian)	1,995	960	1,030	17.0	16.7	17.3
Métis	695	305	390	5.9	5.3	6.5
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	55	15	35	0.5	0.3	0.6
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	30	15	20	0.3	0.3	0.3
Non-Indigenous identity	8,935	4,450	4,485	76.3	77.3	75.3
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	11,715	5,755	5,960	100.0	100.0	100.0
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	1,645	750	900	14.0	13.0	15.1
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	10,065	5,005	5,060	85.9	87.0	84.9
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	5,125	...	...	100.0	...	...
Owner	3,190	...	...	62.2	...	...
Renter	1,935	...	...	37.8	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	5,125	...	...	100.0	...	...
Condominium	405	...	...	7.9	...	...
Not condominium	4,720	...	...	92.1	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	5,125	...	...	100.0	...	...
No bedrooms	20	...	...	0.4	...	...
1 bedroom	510	...	...	10.0	...	...
2 bedrooms	1,455	...	...	28.4	...	...
3 bedrooms	1,500	...	...	29.3	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	1,645	...	...	32.1	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	5,125	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	1,350	...	...	26.3	...	...
5 rooms	865	...	...	16.9	...	...
6 rooms	695	...	...	13.6	...	...
7 rooms	625	...	...	12.2	...	...
8 or more rooms	1,585	...	...	30.9	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.4	...	...	6.4	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	5,125	...	...	100.0	...	...
One person or fewer per room	5,075	...	...	99.0	...	...
More than one person per room	55	...	...	1.1	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	5,125	...	...	100.0	...	...
Suitable	4,915	...	...	95.9	...	...
Not suitable	210	...	...	4.1	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	5,125	...	...	100.0	...	...
1960 or before	500	...	...	9.8	...	...
1961 to 1980	2,790	...	...	54.4	...	...
1981 to 1990	625	...	...	12.2	...	...
1991 to 2000	610	...	...	11.9	...	...
2001 to 2005	115	...	...	2.2	...	...
2006 to 2010	240	...	...	4.7	...	...
2011 to 2015	120	...	...	2.3	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	125	...	...	2.4	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	5,125	...	...	100.0	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	4,675	...	...	91.2	...	...
Major repairs needed	455	...	...	8.9	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	5,125	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-maintainer household	2,880	...	...	56.2	...	...
Two-maintainer household	2,010	...	...	39.2	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	235	...	...	4.6	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	5,125	...	...	100.0	...	...
15 to 24 years	240	...	...	4.7	...	...
25 to 34 years	805	...	...	15.7	...	...
35 to 44 years	780	...	...	15.2	...	...
45 to 54 years	840	...	...	16.4	...	...
55 to 64 years	905	...	...	17.7	...	...
65 to 74 years	880	...	...	17.2	...	...
75 to 84 years	535	...	...	10.4	...	...
85 years and over	140	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	5,120	...	...	100.0	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	4,440	...	...	86.7	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	680	...	...	13.3	...	...
30% to less than 100%	605	...	...	11.8	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	5,125	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	1,190	...	...	23.2	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	580	...	...	11.3	...	...
Not suitable only	145	...	...	2.8	...	...
Major repairs needed only	325	...	...	6.3	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	20	...	...	0.4	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	75	...	...	1.5	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	45	...	...	0.9	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Acceptable housing	3,940	...	...	76.9	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	5,050	...	...	100.0	...	...
In core need	250	...	...	5.0	...	...
Not in core need	4,800	...	...	95.0	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	3,195	...	...	...	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	55.4	...	...	55.4	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	5.9	...	...	5.9	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	1.0	...	...	1.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	840	...	...	840	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,075	...	...	1,075	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	324,000	...	...	324,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	332,000	...	...	332,000	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	1,935	...	...	...	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	16.8	...	...	16.8	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	25.4	...	...	25.4	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	11.6	...	...	11.6	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	930	...	...	930	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	978	...	...	978	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	...	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	11,710	5,750	5,965	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	1,585	740	840	13.5	12.9	14.1
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	1,555	730	820	13.3	12.7	13.7
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	1,400	665	740	12.0	11.6	12.4
Métis single ancestry	150	70	85	1.3	1.2	1.4
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	25	10	20	0.2	0.2	0.3
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	25	10	20	0.2	0.2	0.3
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	1,325	620	710	11.3	10.8	11.9
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	1,275	605	675	10.9	10.5	11.3
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	960	445	515	8.2	7.7	8.6
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	320	160	165	2.7	2.8	2.8
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	45	15	35	0.4	0.3	0.6
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	45	10	35	0.4	0.2	0.6
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	8,800	4,390	4,415	75.1	76.3	74.0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	11,715	5,755	5,960	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	11,220	5,515	5,710	95.8	95.8	95.8
Canadian citizens aged under 18	2,445	1,225	1,225	20.9	21.3	20.6
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	8,775	4,290	4,485	74.9	74.5	75.3
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	490	240	255	4.2	4.2	4.3
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	11,715	5,755	5,960	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	10,480	5,160	5,325	89.5	89.7	89.3
Immigrants⁸¹	1,060	510	550	9.0	8.9	9.2
Before 1980	465	250	215	4.0	4.3	3.6
1980 to 1990	60	10	45	0.5	0.2	0.8
1991 to 2000	115	40	80	1.0	0.7	1.3
2001 to 2010	115	60	55	1.0	1.0	0.9
2011 to 2021⁸²	315	155	160	2.7	2.7	2.7
2011 to 2015	140	65	70	1.2	1.1	1.2
2016 to 2021	175	90	85	1.5	1.6	1.4
Non-permanent residents⁸³	165	85	85	1.4	1.5	1.4
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	1,065	515	550	100.0	100.0	100.0
Under 5 years	150	80	75	14.1	15.5	13.6
5 to 14 years	145	85	60	13.6	16.5	10.9
15 to 24 years	270	125	150	25.4	24.3	27.3
25 to 44 years	420	200	215	39.4	38.8	39.1
45 years and over	80	25	55	7.5	4.9	10.0
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	1,065	515	550	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	205	70	140	19.2	13.6	25.5
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
El Salvador	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyana	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	20	0	15	1.9	0.0	2.7
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	150	50	100	14.1	9.7	18.2
Other places of birth in Americas	25	0	15	2.3	0.0	2.7
Europe	360	195	160	33.8	37.9	29.1
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	10	10	0	0.9	1.9	0.0
Germany	65	35	30	6.1	6.8	5.5
Greece	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	20	10	10	1.9	1.9	1.8
Netherlands	30	25	0	2.8	4.9	0.0
Poland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portugal	15	10	0	1.4	1.9	0.0
Romania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	120	70	55	11.3	13.6	10.0
Other places of birth in Europe	70	30	40	6.6	5.8	7.3
Africa	60	35	25	5.6	6.8	4.5
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	45	25	15	4.2	4.9	2.7
Other places of birth in Africa	15	10	10	1.4	1.9	1.8
Asia	415	200	215	39.0	38.8	39.1
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	15	10	0	1.4	1.9	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	35	25	10	3.3	4.9	1.8
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	95	35	65	8.9	6.8	11.8
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	230	120	115	21.6	23.3	20.9
Pakistan	10	0	0	0.9	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	20	15	10	1.9	2.9	1.8
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	25	10	10	2.3	1.9	1.8
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	175	90	85	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	20	0	15	11.4	0.0	17.6
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	10	0	0	5.7	0.0	0.0
United States of America	10	0	10	5.7	0.0	11.8
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Europe	10	0	0	5.7	0.0	0.0
France	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Africa	30	20	15	17.1	22.2	17.6
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	15	10	0	8.6	11.1	0.0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	15	10	10	8.6	11.1	11.8
Asia	105	55	50	60.0	61.1	58.8
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	65	40	25	37.1	44.4	29.4
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	15	0	15	8.6	0.0	17.6
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania and other⁹³	10	0	0	5.7	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	10	0	0	5.7	0.0	0.0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	11,715	5,755	5,960	100.0	100.0	100.0
First generation¹⁰⁰	1,315	630	685	11.2	10.9	11.5
Second generation¹⁰¹	1,635	770	865	14.0	13.4	14.5
Third generation or more¹⁰²	8,760	4,350	4,410	74.8	75.6	74.0
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	600	260	340	100.0	100.0	100.0
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	335	165	170	55.8	63.5	50.0
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	185	95	90	30.8	36.5	26.5
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	155	75	85	25.8	28.8	25.0
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	230	80	145	38.3	30.8	42.6
Refugees¹⁰⁸	20	0	15	3.3	0.0	4.4
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	600	260	340	100.0	100.0	100.0
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	130	65	65	21.7	25.0	19.1
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	15	0	10	2.5	0.0	2.9
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	90	55	30	15.0	21.2	8.8
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	10	0	10	1.7	0.0	2.9
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	355	130	220	59.2	50.0	64.7
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	11,715	5,755	5,960	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	990	495	495	8.5	8.6	8.3
South Asian	425	220	200	3.6	3.8	3.4
Chinese	70	25	45	0.6	0.4	0.8
Black	60	35	20	0.5	0.6	0.3
Filipino	160	65	90	1.4	1.1	1.5
Arab	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latin American	60	25	40	0.5	0.4	0.7
Southeast Asian	50	35	15	0.4	0.6	0.3
West Asian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	45	30	20	0.4	0.5	0.3
Japanese	60	30	30	0.5	0.5	0.5
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Multiple visible minorities	45	15	30	0.4	0.3	0.5
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	10,720	5,255	5,465	91.5	91.3	91.7
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	11,715	5,755	5,960	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian	1,735	880	855	14.8	15.3	14.3
English	2,975	1,425	1,550	25.4	24.8	26.0
Irish	1,830	890	940	15.6	15.5	15.8
Scottish	2,135	1,045	1,095	18.2	18.2	18.4
French, n.o.s.¹²²	1,000	490	505	8.5	8.5	8.5
German	1,820	865	950	15.5	15.0	15.9
Chinese	110	40	75	0.9	0.7	1.3
Italian	325	170	155	2.8	3.0	2.6
Indian (India)	285	135	145	2.4	2.3	2.4
Ukrainian	700	325	370	6.0	5.6	6.2
Dutch	590	270	315	5.0	4.7	5.3
Polish	305	130	180	2.6	2.3	3.0
Québécois	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	365	165	200	3.1	2.9	3.4
Filipino	140	60	75	1.2	1.0	1.3
French Canadian	90	40	55	0.8	0.7	0.9
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	385	190	195	3.3	3.3	3.3
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	1,100	555	540	9.4	9.6	9.1
Métis	545	250	295	4.7	4.3	4.9
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	150	85	65	1.3	1.5	1.1
Russian	220	90	130	1.9	1.6	2.2
Norwegian	525	250	275	4.5	4.3	4.6
Welsh	290	150	140	2.5	2.6	2.3
Portuguese	35	15	15	0.3	0.3	0.3
American	195	110	80	1.7	1.9	1.3
Spanish	85	35	50	0.7	0.6	0.8
Swedish	350	160	190	3.0	2.8	3.2
Hungarian	90	50	40	0.8	0.9	0.7
Acadian	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.3
Pakistani	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	20	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.2
Jewish	20	10	0	0.2	0.2	0.0
Punjabi	75	35	40	0.6	0.6	0.7
Vietnamese	30	30	0	0.3	0.5	0.0
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	30	0	30	0.3	0.0	0.5
Jamaican	25	15	15	0.2	0.3	0.3
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	35	0	25	0.3	0.0	0.4
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	150	60	90	1.3	1.0	1.5
Korean	55	25	25	0.5	0.4	0.4
Romanian	50	20	30	0.4	0.3	0.5
Lebanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	25	10	20	0.2	0.2	0.3
Danish	130	80	50	1.1	1.4	0.8
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	385	140	240	3.3	2.4	4.0
Sikh	100	60	40	0.9	1.0	0.7
Austrian	155	85	75	1.3	1.5	1.3
Belgian	50	20	25	0.4	0.3	0.4
Haitian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexican	90	40	50	0.8	0.7	0.8
Mennonite	45	20	25	0.4	0.3	0.4
Swiss	95	40	55	0.8	0.7	0.9
Finnish	105	60	45	0.9	1.0	0.8
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Japanese	90	40	50	0.8	0.7	0.8
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	30	20	15	0.3	0.3	0.3
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	25	10	15	0.2	0.2	0.3
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	105	50	55	0.9	0.9	0.9
Muslim	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egyptian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	65	35	30	0.6	0.6	0.5
Colombian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moroccan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	40	25	20	0.3	0.4	0.3
Syrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afghan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	25	0	20	0.2	0.0	0.3
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway	25	15	10	0.2	0.3	0.2
Newfoundlander	25	25	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
Hong Konger	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ontarian	20	10	15	0.2	0.2	0.3
Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	15	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salvadorean	20	10	15	0.2	0.2	0.3
African Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
South African	55	30	30	0.5	0.5	0.5
Australian	30	20	10	0.3	0.3	0.2
Palestinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chilean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congolese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nova Scotian	15	15	0	0.1	0.3	0.0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peruvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Canadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israeli	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albertan	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African American	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Tunisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	15	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Cuban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Bengali	20	15	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Laotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	35	20	15	0.3	0.3	0.3
Northern Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.3
British Columbian	35	10	20	0.3	0.2	0.3
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	15	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Jatt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	30	20	10	0.3	0.3	0.2
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dominican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Abenaki	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Zealander	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Sudanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Breton	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania Dutch	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gaspesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norman	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Manitoban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Honduran	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cherokee	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.3
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Flemish	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Goan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamileke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Libyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Basque	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igorot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guinean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maliseet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Beninese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Roma	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tajik	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amhara	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	11,715	5,750	5,960	100.0	100.0	100.0
Buddhist	25	10	20	0.2	0.2	0.3
Christian	4,070	1,765	2,310	34.7	30.7	38.8
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	1,085	455	630	9.3	7.9	10.6
Anabaptist	125	65	60	1.1	1.1	1.0
Anglican	320	135	185	2.7	2.3	3.1
Baptist	45	25	30	0.4	0.4	0.5
Catholic	1,285	580	705	11.0	10.1	11.8
Christian Orthodox	30	0	25	0.3	0.0	0.4
Jehovah's Witness	115	55	60	1.0	1.0	1.0
Latter Day Saints	60	25	35	0.5	0.4	0.6
Lutheran	165	70	95	1.4	1.2	1.6
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	125	55	75	1.1	1.0	1.3
Presbyterian	25	15	10	0.2	0.3	0.2
Reformed	25	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
United Church	280	100	180	2.4	1.7	3.0
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	385	165	220	3.3	2.9	3.7
Hindu	45	30	20	0.4	0.5	0.3
Jewish	15	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Muslim	25	15	15	0.2	0.3	0.3
Sikh	315	165	155	2.7	2.9	2.6
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	40	20	15	0.3	0.3	0.3
Other religions and spiritual traditions	105	45	65	0.9	0.8	1.1
No religion and secular perspectives	7,065	3,700	3,365	60.3	64.3	56.5
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	11,595	5,700	5,890	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	9,785	4,825	4,955	84.4	84.6	84.1
Movers	1,810	875	930	15.6	15.4	15.8
Non-migrants	1,225	610	615	10.6	10.7	10.4
Migrants	590	265	320	5.1	4.6	5.4
Internal migrants	530	245	290	4.6	4.3	4.9
Intraprovincial migrants	410	185	230	3.5	3.2	3.9
Interprovincial migrants	120	60	60	1.0	1.1	1.0
External migrants	50	20	30	0.4	0.4	0.5
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	11,075	5,405	5,670	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	5,755	2,825	2,935	52.0	52.3	51.8
Movers	5,320	2,585	2,735	48.0	47.8	48.2
Non-migrants	2,035	1,065	970	18.4	19.7	17.1
Migrants	3,280	1,525	1,760	29.6	28.2	31.0
Internal migrants	2,990	1,385	1,605	27.0	25.6	28.3
Intraprovincial migrants	2,525	1,155	1,370	22.8	21.4	24.2
Interprovincial migrants	465	225	235	4.2	4.2	4.1
External migrants	290	140	155	2.6	2.6	2.7
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	9,670	4,715	4,960	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	2,445	1,295	1,150	25.3	27.5	23.2
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	7,220	3,420	3,805	74.7	72.5	76.7
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	5,985	2,915	3,060	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	1,055	570	490	17.6	19.6	16.0
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	4,925	2,345	2,575	82.3	80.4	84.2
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	9,670	4,710	4,955	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	2,155	1,070	1,080	22.3	22.7	21.8
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	3,395	1,660	1,735	35.1	35.2	35.0
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	4,120	1,980	2,140	42.6	42.0	43.2
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	2,820	1,465	1,355	29.2	31.1	27.3
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	970	795	175	10.0	16.9	3.5
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	350	220	130	3.6	4.7	2.6
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	625	570	45	6.5	12.1	0.9
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	1,455	545	910	15.0	11.6	18.4
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	395	125	270	4.1	2.7	5.4
Bachelor's degree or higher	1,300	515	790	13.4	10.9	15.9
Bachelor's degree	870	350	520	9.0	7.4	10.5
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	75	10	65	0.8	0.2	1.3
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	50	20	30	0.5	0.4	0.6
Master's degree	290	125	165	3.0	2.7	3.3
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	15	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.2
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	5,980	2,920	3,065	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	895	460	440	15.0	15.8	14.4
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	2,145	1,085	1,055	35.9	37.2	34.4
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,945	1,370	1,570	49.2	46.9	51.2
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,895	995	895	31.7	34.1	29.2
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	620	540	85	10.4	18.5	2.8
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	175	125	50	2.9	4.3	1.6
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	450	410	40	7.5	14.0	1.3
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	990	365	625	16.6	12.5	20.4
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	275	90	190	4.6	3.1	6.2
Bachelor's degree or higher	1,050	375	675	17.6	12.8	22.0
Bachelor's degree	685	255	435	11.5	8.7	14.2
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	65	0	65	1.1	0.0	2.1
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	50	15	30	0.8	0.5	1.0
Master's degree	240	100	140	4.0	3.4	4.6
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	9,670	4,710	4,955	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	5,550	2,735	2,820	57.4	58.1	56.9
Education	365	90	275	3.8	1.9	5.5
13. Education	365	90	275	3.8	1.9	5.5
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	120	55	70	1.2	1.2	1.4
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	20	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.2
50. Visual and performing arts	100	45	60	1.0	1.0	1.2
Humanities	185	105	80	1.9	2.2	1.6
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
23. English language and literature/letters	25	10	15	0.3	0.2	0.3
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	75	45	25	0.8	1.0	0.5
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
39. Theology and religious vocations	45	25	15	0.5	0.5	0.3
54. History	15	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.3
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Social and behavioural sciences and law	335	85	245	3.5	1.8	4.9
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	75	0	75	0.8	0.0	1.5
22. Legal professions and studies	60	0	55	0.6	0.0	1.1
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
42. Psychology	60	20	35	0.6	0.4	0.7
45. Social sciences	125	55	70	1.3	1.2	1.4
Business, management and public administration	715	170	545	7.4	3.6	11.0
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	95	10	90	1.0	0.2	1.8
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	620	165	460	6.4	3.5	9.3
Physical and life sciences and technologies	125	60	70	1.3	1.3	1.4
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	65	25	45	0.7	0.5	0.9
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	30	10	20	0.3	0.2	0.4
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
40. Physical sciences	25	20	0	0.3	0.4	0.0
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	40	20	20	0.4	0.4	0.4
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	25	10	15	0.3	0.2	0.3
25. Library science	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
27. Mathematics and statistics	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	1,040	980	60	10.8	20.8	1.2
04. Architecture and related services	15	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.2
14. Engineering	70	65	0	0.7	1.4	0.0
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	150	125	30	1.6	2.7	0.6
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	245	240	10	2.5	5.1	0.2
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	380	375	0	3.9	8.0	0.0
48. Precision production	175	175	0	1.8	3.7	0.0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	245	160	90	2.5	3.4	1.8
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	80	25	55	0.8	0.5	1.1
03. Natural resources and conservation	170	130	35	1.8	2.8	0.7
Health and related fields	670	100	565	6.9	2.1	11.4
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	20	0	20	0.2	0.0	0.4
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	645	95	545	6.7	2.0	11.0
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Personal, protective and transportation services	275	165	110	2.8	3.5	2.2
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	145	50	95	1.5	1.1	1.9
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	40	30	15	0.4	0.6	0.3
49. Transportation and materials moving	90	90	0	0.9	1.9	0.0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	5,980	2,915	3,065	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	3,035	1,545	1,495	50.8	53.0	48.8
Education	260	60	205	4.3	2.1	6.7
13. Education	260	60	205	4.3	2.1	6.7
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	95	40	60	1.6	1.4	2.0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	20	10	10	0.3	0.3	0.3
50. Visual and performing arts	80	30	50	1.3	1.0	1.6
Humanities	105	65	40	1.8	2.2	1.3
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
23. English language and literature/letters	15	0	10	0.3	0.0	0.3
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	30	20	10	0.5	0.7	0.3
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
39. Theology and religious vocations	30	25	0	0.5	0.9	0.0
54. History	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	265	70	195	4.4	2.4	6.4
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	55	0	55	0.9	0.0	1.8
22. Legal professions and studies	45	0	45	0.8	0.0	1.5
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
42. Psychology	50	25	25	0.8	0.9	0.8
45. Social sciences	100	45	50	1.7	1.5	1.6
Business, management and public administration	515	115	400	8.6	3.9	13.1
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	80	10	75	1.3	0.3	2.4
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	430	110	325	7.2	3.8	10.6
Physical and life sciences and technologies	95	35	60	1.6	1.2	2.0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	55	15	35	0.9	0.5	1.1
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	15	0	15	0.3	0.0	0.5
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
40. Physical sciences	25	20	0	0.4	0.7	0.0
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	25	15	10	0.4	0.5	0.3
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	10	10	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
25. Library science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	740	700	45	12.4	24.0	1.5
04. Architecture and related services	10	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.3
14. Engineering	70	65	0	1.2	2.2	0.0
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	95	85	15	1.6	2.9	0.5
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	180	175	10	3.0	6.0	0.3
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	280	280	0	4.7	9.6	0.0
48. Precision production	95	95	0	1.6	3.3	0.0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	175	105	70	2.9	3.6	2.3
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	55	15	40	0.9	0.5	1.3
03. Natural resources and conservation	120	90	30	2.0	3.1	1.0
Health and related fields	470	60	415	7.9	2.1	13.5
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	20	0	20	0.3	0.0	0.7
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	450	60	395	7.5	2.1	12.9
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Personal, protective and transportation services	190	105	85	3.2	3.6	2.8
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	105	35	70	1.8	1.2	2.3
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	35	20	15	0.6	0.7	0.5
49. Transportation and materials moving	60	50	0	1.0	1.7	0.0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	5,980	2,915	3,065	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	3,035	1,545	1,495	50.8	53.0	48.8
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	2,945	1,370	1,570	49.2	47.0	51.2
Location of study inside Canada	2,560	1,200	1,360	42.8	41.2	44.4
Same as province or territory of residence	2,115	990	1,125	35.4	34.0	36.7
Different than province or territory of residence	445	210	235	7.4	7.2	7.7
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	385	175	210	6.4	6.0	6.9
Americas	85	45	45	1.4	1.5	1.5
United States of America	75	45	35	1.3	1.5	1.1
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Europe	85	40	45	1.4	1.4	1.5
Belgium	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Netherlands	10	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.5
Switzerland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	30	20	10	0.5	0.7	0.3
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Europe	20	10	15	0.3	0.3	0.5
Africa	25	10	15	0.4	0.3	0.5
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	25	10	15	0.4	0.3	0.5
Other locations of study in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asia	160	70	90	2.7	2.4	2.9
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	20	10	0	0.3	0.3	0.0
Philippines	75	25	50	1.3	0.9	1.6
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	60	30	30	1.0	1.0	1.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania	20	10	10	0.3	0.3	0.3
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Zealand	20	10	10	0.3	0.3	0.3
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	9,670	4,710	4,955	...	...	...
In the labour force	5,895	3,070	2,825	...	...	...
Employed	5,415	2,805	2,610	...	...	...
Unemployed	475	265	215	...	...	...
Not in the labour force	3,775	1,645	2,130	...	...	...
Participation rate	61.0	65.2	57.0	61.0	65.2	57.0
Employment rate	56.0	59.6	52.7	56.0	59.6	52.7
Unemployment rate	8.1	8.6	7.6	8.1	8.6	7.6
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	9,670	4,710	4,955	100.0	100.0	100.0
Did not work¹⁸⁶	3,605	1,545	2,070	37.3	32.8	41.8
Worked	6,060	3,170	2,890	62.7	67.3	58.3
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	3,190	1,815	1,375	33.0	38.5	27.7
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	2,870	1,360	1,515	29.7	28.9	30.6
Average weeks worked in reference year	41.5	42.4	40.6	41.5	42.4	40.6
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	5,890	3,065	2,830	100.0	100.0	100.0
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	110	45	65	1.9	1.5	2.3
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	5,785	3,020	2,760	98.2	98.5	97.5
Employee	5,185	2,705	2,480	88.0	88.3	87.6
Permanent position	4,345	2,310	2,030	73.8	75.4	71.7
Temporary position	845	395	450	14.3	12.9	15.9
Fixed term (1 year or more)	160	70	85	2.7	2.3	3.0
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	685	325	360	11.6	10.6	12.7
Self-employed¹⁹²	600	320	280	10.2	10.4	9.9
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	5,890	3,065	2,830	100.0	100.0	100.0
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	110	45	65	1.9	1.5	2.3
All occupations¹⁹¹	5,785	3,020	2,760	98.2	98.5	97.5
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	65	35	30	1.1	1.1	1.1
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	805	225	580	13.7	7.3	20.5
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	315	245	70	5.3	8.0	2.5
3 Health occupations	455	55	395	7.7	1.8	14.0
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	685	200	485	11.6	6.5	17.1
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	105	25	80	1.8	0.8	2.8
6 Sales and service occupations	1,540	605	940	26.1	19.7	33.2
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	1,155	1,040	110	19.6	33.9	3.9
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	250	240	15	4.2	7.8	0.5
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	410	350	60	7.0	11.4	2.1
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	5,890	3,065	2,830	100.0	100.0	100.0
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	110	45	65	1.9	1.5	2.3
All industries¹⁹¹	5,785	3,020	2,760	98.2	98.5	97.5
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	315	270	45	5.3	8.8	1.6
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	295	255	40	5.0	8.3	1.4
22 Utilities	25	20	0	0.4	0.7	0.0
23 Construction	390	345	45	6.6	11.3	1.6
31-33 Manufacturing	610	510	100	10.4	16.6	3.5
41 Wholesale trade	145	100	45	2.5	3.3	1.6
44-45 Retail trade	780	385	395	13.2	12.6	14.0
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	195	130	60	3.3	4.2	2.1
51 Information and cultural industries	50	35	10	0.8	1.1	0.4
52 Finance and insurance	125	30	95	2.1	1.0	3.4
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	35	20	15	0.6	0.7	0.5
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	230	95	140	3.9	3.1	4.9
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	190	100	85	3.2	3.3	3.0
61 Educational services	365	115	245	6.2	3.8	8.7
62 Health care and social assistance	850	135	715	14.4	4.4	25.3
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	105	35	70	1.8	1.1	2.5
72 Accommodation and food services	410	140	265	7.0	4.6	9.4
81 Other services (except public administration)	250	130	115	4.2	4.2	4.1
91 Public administration	425	150	270	7.2	4.9	9.5
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	6,450	3,345	3,110	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	6,365	3,300	3,070	98.7	98.7	98.7
French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-official language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and French	20	15	10	0.3	0.4	0.3
English and non-official language(s)	60	35	30	0.9	1.0	1.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	6,450	3,345	3,110	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	6,450	3,345	3,110	100.0	100.0	100.0
Official languages	6,440	3,340	3,100	99.8	99.9	99.7
English	6,435	3,335	3,100	99.8	99.7	99.7
French	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
Non-official languages	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	6,450	3,345	3,110	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	6,370	3,300	3,070	98.8	98.7	98.7
English	15	10	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
French	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
Non-official language	60	30	30	0.9	0.9	1.0
Indigenous³⁹	25	10	20	0.4	0.3	0.6
Non-Indigenous	30	20	10	0.5	0.6	0.3
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	5,410	2,800	2,610	100.0	100.0	100.0
Worked at home	420	170	245	7.8	6.1	9.4
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
No fixed workplace address	610	440	170	11.3	15.7	6.5
Usual place of work	4,380	2,190	2,200	81.0	78.2	84.3
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	4,385	2,190	2,200	100.0	100.0	100.0
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	3,430	1,585	1,845	78.2	72.4	83.9
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	810	500	310	18.5	22.8	14.1
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	125	85	40	2.9	3.9	1.8
Commute to a different province or territory	15	15	0	0.3	0.7	0.0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	4,995	2,630	2,365	100.0	100.0	100.0
Car, truck or van	4,350	2,245	2,110	87.1	85.4	89.2
Car, truck or van - as a driver	3,955	2,065	1,885	79.2	78.5	79.7
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	400	175	220	8.0	6.7	9.3
Public transit	160	140	15	3.2	5.3	0.6
Walked	350	150	200	7.0	5.7	8.5
Bicycle	45	35	15	0.9	1.3	0.6
Other method	90	60	30	1.8	2.3	1.3
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	4,995	2,630	2,365	100.0	100.0	100.0
Less than 15 minutes	3,650	1,725	1,920	73.1	65.6	81.2
15 to 29 minutes	785	465	320	15.7	17.7	13.5
30 to 44 minutes	165	125	35	3.3	4.8	1.5
45 to 59 minutes	140	100	40	2.8	3.8	1.7
60 minutes and over	255	220	40	5.1	8.4	1.7
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	4,995	2,630	2,365	100.0	100.0	100.0
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	520	430	95	10.4	16.3	4.0
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	550	350	200	11.0	13.3	8.5
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	1,335	750	585	26.7	28.5	24.7
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	1,245	445	800	24.9	16.9	33.8
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	555	210	335	11.1	8.0	14.2
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	790	445	345	15.8	16.9	14.6
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	2,515	1,295	1,210	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	130	60	70	5.2	4.6	5.8
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	2,385	1,240	1,140	94.8	95.8	94.2
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	1,820	945	880	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	100	40	55	5.5	4.2	6.3
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	45	20	20	2.5	2.1	2.3
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	60	25	35	3.3	2.6	4.0
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	1,720	905	820	94.5	95.8	93.2

Symbol legend

...
not applicable
^r
revised

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 30, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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