Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	Salmon ArmMore information: British Columbia [Population centre]
	Counts			Rates
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	16,065	...	...	...	...	...
Population, 2016¹	14,948^r	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	7.5	...	...	7.5	...	...
Total private dwellings²	7,020	...	...	...	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	6,707	...	...	...	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	765.4	...	...	765.4	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	20.99	...	...	...	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	16,060	7,550	8,515	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	2,345	1,245	1,095	14.6	16.5	12.9
0 to 4 years	620	330	295	3.9	4.4	3.5
5 to 9 years	795	425	365	5.0	5.6	4.3
10 to 14 years	925	495	430	5.8	6.6	5.0
15 to 64 years	8,765	4,140	4,625	54.6	54.8	54.3
15 to 19 years	885	460	425	5.5	6.1	5.0
20 to 24 years	590	300	290	3.7	4.0	3.4
25 to 29 years	675	320	350	4.2	4.2	4.1
30 to 34 years	795	385	410	5.0	5.1	4.8
35 to 39 years	820	385	435	5.1	5.1	5.1
40 to 44 years	885	415	470	5.5	5.5	5.5
45 to 49 years	810	385	425	5.0	5.1	5.0
50 to 54 years	940	440	500	5.9	5.8	5.9
55 to 59 years	1,085	480	605	6.8	6.4	7.1
60 to 64 years	1,290	565	720	8.0	7.5	8.5
65 years and over	4,955	2,165	2,795	30.9	28.7	32.8
65 to 69 years	1,290	575	715	8.0	7.6	8.4
70 to 74 years	1,145	545	600	7.1	7.2	7.0
75 to 79 years	940	405	535	5.9	5.4	6.3
80 to 84 years	695	320	375	4.3	4.2	4.4
85 years and over	885	320	565	5.5	4.2	6.6
85 to 89 years	545	205	340	3.4	2.7	4.0
90 to 94 years	290	105	180	1.8	1.4	2.1
95 to 99 years	45	10	35	0.3	0.1	0.4
100 years and over	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	14.6	16.5	12.9	14.6	16.5	12.9
15 to 64 years	54.6	54.8	54.3	54.6	54.8	54.3
65 years and over	30.9	28.7	32.8	30.9	28.7	32.8
85 years and over	5.5	4.2	6.6	5.5	4.2	6.6
Average age of the population	48.0	46.0	49.7	48.0	46.0	49.7
Median age of the population	51.2	48.0	53.6	51.2	48.0	53.6
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	6,710	...	...	100.0	...	...
Single-detached house	3,990	...	...	59.5	...	...
Semi-detached house	215	...	...	3.2	...	...
Row house	485	...	...	7.2	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	640	...	...	9.5	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	1,070	...	...	15.9	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	5	...	...	0.1	...	...
Other single-attached house	10	...	...	0.1	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	290	...	...	4.3	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	6,705	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 person	2,040	...	...	30.4	...	...
2 persons	2,605	...	...	38.9	...	...
3 persons	885	...	...	13.2	...	...
4 persons	730	...	...	10.9	...	...
5 or more persons	450	...	...	6.7	...	...
Number of persons in private households	15,295	7,245	8,050	100.0	100.0	100.0
Average household size	2.3	...	...	2.3	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	13,720	6,305	7,420	100.0	100.0	100.0
Married or living common-law	8,015	3,960	4,055	58.4	62.8	54.6
Married	6,795	3,350	3,440	49.5	53.1	46.4
Living common-law	1,225	610	615	8.9	9.7	8.3
Living common law - Never married	785	400	380	5.7	6.3	5.1
Living common law - Separated	65	30	30	0.5	0.5	0.4
Living common law - Divorced	315	160	160	2.3	2.5	2.2
Living common law - Widowed	65	20	40	0.5	0.3	0.5
Not married and not living common-law	5,710	2,340	3,370	41.6	37.1	45.4
Not married and not living common law - Never married	2,885	1,500	1,385	21.0	23.8	18.7
Not married and not living common law - Separated	405	150	260	3.0	2.4	3.5
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	1,115	420	690	8.1	6.7	9.3
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	1,295	260	1,035	9.4	4.1	13.9
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	4,550	...	...	100.0	...	...
2 persons	2,750	...	...	60.4	...	...
3 persons	820	...	...	18.0	...	...
4 persons	675	...	...	14.8	...	...
5 or more persons	305	...	...	6.7	...	...
Average size of census families	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.8	...	...	1.8	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	4,550	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total couple families	3,860	...	...	84.8	...	...
Married couples	3,250	...	...	71.4	...	...
With children⁶	1,325	...	...	29.1	...	...
Without children	1,930	...	...	42.4	...	...
Common-law couples	610	...	...	13.4	...	...
With children⁶	210	...	...	4.6	...	...
Without children	400	...	...	8.8	...	...
Total one-parent families	685	...	...	15.1	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	530	...	...	11.6	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	155	...	...	3.4	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	15,295	7,245	8,050	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total - Persons in census families	12,315	6,120	6,195	80.5	84.5	77.0
Married spouses or common-law partners	7,730	3,855	3,875	50.5	53.2	48.1
Parents in one-parent families	685	155	535	4.5	2.1	6.6
Children⁶	3,900	2,115	1,790	25.5	29.2	22.2
In a two-parent family	2,875	1,530	1,350	18.8	21.1	16.8
In a one-parent family	1,025	585	445	6.7	8.1	5.5
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	2,980	1,125	1,855	19.5	15.5	23.0
Living alone	2,040	685	1,355	13.3	9.5	16.8
Living with other relatives⁷	330	125	205	2.2	1.7	2.5
Living with non-relatives only	615	320	290	4.0	4.4	3.6
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	6,705	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	4,000	...	...	59.7	...	...
Couple-family households	3,490	...	...	52.1	...	...
With children⁶	1,375	...	...	20.5	...	...
Without children	2,115	...	...	31.5	...	...
One-parent-family households	515	...	...	7.7	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	145	...	...	2.2	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	40	...	...	0.6	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	255	...	...	3.8	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	230	...	...	3.4	...	...
One-person households	2,040	...	...	30.4	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	12,950	6,005	6,955	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	12,605	5,825	6,780	97.3	97.0	97.5
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	38,800	46,400	34,000	38,800	46,400	34,000
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	12,605	5,825	6,780	97.3	97.0	97.5
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	36,000	42,000	31,600	36,000	42,000	31,600
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	11,410	5,355	6,055	88.1	89.2	87.1
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	30,000	39,200	23,800	30,000	39,200	23,800
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	7,980	3,890	4,090	61.6	64.8	58.8
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	32,800	42,000	27,000	32,800	42,000	27,000
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	10,825	4,745	6,080	83.6	79.0	87.4
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	13,100	13,000	13,200	13,100	13,000	13,200
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	1,215	605	620	9.4	10.1	8.9
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,480	5,760	5,160	5,480	5,760	5,160
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	2,690	1,190	1,500	20.8	19.8	21.6
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,000	6,500	8,000	7,000	6,500	8,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	13,075	6,085	6,990	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	12,735	5,905	6,830	97.4	97.0	97.7
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	47,920	56,350	40,600	47,920	56,350	40,600
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	12,735	5,905	6,830	97.4	97.0	97.7
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	41,840	48,160	36,360	41,840	48,160	36,360
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	11,520	5,440	6,080	88.1	89.4	87.0
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	41,040	50,720	32,400	41,040	50,720	32,400
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	8,095	4,010	4,080	61.9	65.9	58.4
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	42,600	50,640	34,640	42,600	50,640	34,640
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	10,785	4,770	6,015	82.5	78.4	86.1
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	12,730	11,940	13,360	12,730	11,940	13,360
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	1,255	620	630	9.6	10.2	9.0
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,680	6,800	6,560	6,680	6,800	6,560
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	2,730	1,210	1,515	20.9	19.9	21.7
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,090	7,940	8,210	8,090	7,940	8,210
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	13,075	6,085	6,990	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	3,325	1,865	1,455	25.4	30.6	20.8
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	61,200	67,500	50,800	61,200	67,500	50,800
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	67,500	75,600	57,200	67,500	75,600	57,200
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	3,630	1,575	2,060	27.8	25.9	29.5
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	18,800	19,200	18,600	18,800	19,200	18,600
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	27,440	32,000	23,960	27,440	32,000	23,960
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	77.4	82.8	71.0	77.4	82.8	71.0
Employment income (%)¹⁹	56.5	61.0	51.0	56.5	61.0	51.0
Government transfers (%)²⁰	22.5	17.1	29.0	22.5	17.1	29.0
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.4	1.3	1.5	1.4	1.3	1.5
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	4.9	3.8	6.3	4.9	3.8	6.3
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	3.6	2.9	4.5	3.6	2.9	4.5
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	12,955	6,000	6,950	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without total income	350	175	170	2.7	2.9	2.4
With total income	12,610	5,825	6,785	97.3	97.1	97.6
Under $10,000 (including loss)	905	355	550	7.2	6.1	8.1
$10,000 to $19,999	1,640	605	1,040	13.0	10.4	15.3
$20,000 to $29,999	2,185	800	1,385	17.3	13.7	20.4
$30,000 to $39,999	1,755	710	1,045	13.9	12.2	15.4
$40,000 to $49,999	1,530	665	860	12.1	11.4	12.7
$50,000 to $59,999	1,185	565	625	9.4	9.7	9.2
$60,000 to $69,999	895	500	395	7.1	8.6	5.8
$70,000 to $79,999	690	420	270	5.5	7.2	4.0
$80,000 to $89,999	495	310	185	3.9	5.3	2.7
$90,000 to $99,999	360	200	165	2.9	3.4	2.4
$100,000 and over	965	700	265	7.7	12.0	3.9
$100,000 to $149,999	650	465	190	5.2	8.0	2.8
$150,000 and over	310	235	80	2.5	4.0	1.2
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	12,955	6,000	6,950	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without after-tax income	350	175	170	2.7	2.9	2.4
With after-tax income	12,610	5,825	6,785	97.3	97.1	97.6
Under $10,000 (including loss)	950	360	590	7.5	6.2	8.7
$10,000 to $19,999	1,705	620	1,085	13.5	10.6	16.0
$20,000 to $29,999	2,415	910	1,505	19.2	15.6	22.2
$30,000 to $39,999	2,040	840	1,200	16.2	14.4	17.7
$40,000 to $49,999	1,640	755	890	13.0	13.0	13.1
$50,000 to $59,999	1,270	670	600	10.1	11.5	8.8
$60,000 to $69,999	845	520	325	6.7	8.9	4.8
$70,000 to $79,999	625	380	240	5.0	6.5	3.5
$80,000 to $89,999	360	230	130	2.9	3.9	1.9
$90,000 to $99,999	220	150	70	1.7	2.6	1.0
$100,000 and over	535	390	145	4.2	6.7	2.1
$100,000 to $124,999	290	205	90	2.3	3.5	1.3
$125,000 and over	240	185	55	1.9	3.2	0.8
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	12,955	6,000	6,950	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without employment income	4,975	2,110	2,865	38.4	35.2	41.2
With employment income	7,975	3,890	4,085	61.6	64.8	58.8
Under $5,000 (including loss)	1,245	525	715	15.6	13.5	17.5
$5,000 to $9,999	665	285	375	8.3	7.3	9.2
$10,000 to $19,999	975	385	585	12.2	9.9	14.3
$20,000 to $29,999	880	340	535	11.0	8.7	13.1
$30,000 to $39,999	835	345	490	10.5	8.9	12.0
$40,000 to $49,999	640	295	345	8.0	7.6	8.4
$50,000 to $59,999	590	285	305	7.4	7.3	7.5
$60,000 to $69,999	525	300	225	6.6	7.7	5.5
$70,000 to $79,999	380	245	140	4.8	6.3	3.4
$80,000 to $89,999	330	210	115	4.1	5.4	2.8
$90,000 to $99,999	250	145	105	3.1	3.7	2.6
$100,000 and over	665	515	150	8.3	13.2	3.7
$100,000 to $124,999	330	245	85	4.1	6.3	2.1
$125,000 and over	335	270	65	4.2	6.9	1.6
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	12,950	6,005	6,955	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	12,385	5,690	6,695	95.6	94.8	96.3
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	36,800	46,400	31,200	36,800	46,400	31,200
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	12,405	5,690	6,705	95.8	94.8	96.4
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	33,600	41,600	28,800	33,600	41,600	28,800
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	11,365	5,335	6,030	87.8	88.8	86.7
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	31,600	41,200	24,800	31,600	41,200	24,800
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	8,535	4,110	4,415	65.9	68.4	63.5
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	31,400	41,600	25,600	31,400	41,600	25,600
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	9,065	3,680	5,390	70.0	61.3	77.5
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	11,600	12,800	11,000	11,600	12,800	11,000
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	1,015	475	540	7.8	7.9	7.8
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	4,920	5,520	4,440	4,920	5,520	4,440
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	13,075	6,085	6,990	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	12,500	5,740	6,765	95.6	94.3	96.8
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	48,320	57,850	40,240	48,320	57,850	40,240
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	12,515	5,740	6,775	95.7	94.3	96.9
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	41,160	48,640	34,840	41,160	48,640	34,840
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	11,495	5,390	6,100	87.9	88.6	87.3
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	43,920	54,050	34,920	43,920	54,050	34,920
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	8,560	4,160	4,400	65.5	68.4	62.9
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	41,560	51,120	32,520	41,560	51,120	32,520
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	9,185	3,730	5,450	70.2	61.3	78.0
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	10,820	10,850	10,810	10,820	10,850	10,810
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	1,070	500	570	8.2	8.2	8.2
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,390	6,240	6,520	6,390	6,240	6,520
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	13,075	6,085	6,990	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	3,295	1,850	1,445	25.2	30.4	20.7
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	56,800	67,000	47,600	56,800	67,000	47,600
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	63,650	72,500	52,300	63,650	72,500	52,300
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	3,495	1,500	1,995	26.7	24.7	28.5
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	24,600	28,400	22,600	24,600	28,400	22,600
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	33,120	40,600	27,520	33,120	40,600	27,520
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	83.6	87.8	78.4	83.6	87.8	78.4
Employment income (%)	58.9	64.0	52.6	58.9	64.0	52.6
Government transfers (%)	16.4	12.2	21.7	16.4	12.2	21.7
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.1	1.0	1.4	1.1	1.0	1.4
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	6,710	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	74,500	...	...	74,500	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	67,500	...	...	67,500	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	2,040	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	36,400	...	...	36,400	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	33,600	...	...	33,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	4,675	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	95,000	...	...	95,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	85,000	...	...	85,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	6,800	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	89,800	...	...	89,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	78,400	...	...	78,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	2,090	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	45,640	...	...	45,640	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	40,160	...	...	40,160	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	4,705	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	109,400	...	...	109,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	95,400	...	...	95,400	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	6,710	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	35	...	...	0.5	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	20	...	...	0.3	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	50	...	...	0.7	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	155	...	...	2.3	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	375	...	...	5.6	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	265	...	...	3.9	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	240	...	...	3.6	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	300	...	...	4.5	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	335	...	...	5.0	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	290	...	...	4.3	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	560	...	...	8.3	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	505	...	...	7.5	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	480	...	...	7.2	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	450	...	...	6.7	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	365	...	...	5.4	...	...
$100,000 and over	2,280	...	...	34.0	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	745	...	...	11.1	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	520	...	...	7.7	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	615	...	...	9.2	...	...
$200,000 and over	395	...	...	5.9	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	6,710	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	40	...	...	0.6	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	20	...	...	0.3	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	55	...	...	0.8	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	160	...	...	2.4	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	395	...	...	5.9	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	300	...	...	4.5	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	295	...	...	4.4	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	335	...	...	5.0	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	365	...	...	5.4	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	310	...	...	4.6	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	645	...	...	9.6	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	590	...	...	8.8	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	550	...	...	8.2	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	420	...	...	6.3	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	410	...	...	6.1	...	...
$100,000 and over	1,825	...	...	27.2	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	745	...	...	11.1	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	475	...	...	7.1	...	...
$150,000 and over	605	...	...	9.0	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	4,515	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	93,000	...	...	93,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	84,000	...	...	84,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.8	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	2,175	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	81,000	...	...	81,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	73,500	...	...	73,500	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	1,560	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	128,000	...	...	128,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	113,000	...	...	113,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	4.0	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	635	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	65,500	...	...	65,500	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	62,000	...	...	62,000	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	2,650	1,005	1,645	...	...	...
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	36,000	39,600	34,000	36,000	39,600	34,000
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	33,200	36,000	31,800	33,200	36,000	31,800
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	4,555	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	107,900	...	...	107,900	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	93,900	...	...	93,900	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	2,175	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	96,300	...	...	96,300	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	83,600	...	...	83,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,560	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	137,600	...	...	137,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	118,800	...	...	118,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	665	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	71,400	...	...	71,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	65,200	...	...	65,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	2,690	1,100	1,585	...	...	...
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	44,120	49,500	40,360	44,120	49,500	40,360
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	38,960	42,700	36,360	38,960	42,700	36,360
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	15,290	7,245	8,050	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	2,915	1,545	1,370	19.1	21.3	17.0
0 to 5 years	775	415	365	5.1	5.7	4.5
18 to 64 years	8,105	3,805	4,300	53.0	52.5	53.4
65 years and over	4,275	1,895	2,375	28.0	26.2	29.5
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	1,620	660	960	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	310	155	150	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	100	50	45	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	700	300	395	...	...	...
65 years and over	610	200	415	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	10.6	9.1	11.9	10.6	9.1	11.9
0 to 17 years (%)	10.6	10.2	11.0	10.6	10.2	11.0
0 to 5 years (%)	12.8	12.4	13.2	12.8	12.4	13.2
18 to 64 years (%)	8.6	8.0	9.2	8.6	8.0	9.2
65 years and over (%)	14.3	10.5	17.4	14.3	10.5	17.4
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	15,245	7,225	8,020	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	2,915	1,540	1,375	19.1	21.3	17.1
0 to 5 years	775	410	360	5.1	5.7	4.5
18 to 64 years	8,100	3,805	4,295	53.1	52.7	53.6
65 years and over	4,225	1,880	2,350	27.7	26.0	29.3
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	335	160	180	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	80	40	40	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	25	10	15	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	220	105	120	...	...	...
65 years and over	30	15	20	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	2.2	2.2	2.2	2.2	2.2	2.2
0 to 17 years (%)	2.7	2.4	3.0	2.7	2.4	3.0
0 to 5 years (%)	3.4	2.8	4.0	3.4	2.8	4.0
18 to 64 years (%)	2.8	2.8	2.7	2.8	2.8	2.7
65 years and over (%)	0.8	0.7	0.8	0.8	0.7	0.8
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	15,290	7,245	8,045	100.0	100.0	100.0
In bottom half of the distribution	8,220	3,715	4,505	53.8	51.3	56.0
In bottom decile	1,395	570	830	9.1	7.9	10.3
In second decile	1,740	760	985	11.4	10.5	12.2
In third decile	1,735	785	950	11.3	10.8	11.8
In fourth decile	1,685	815	865	11.0	11.2	10.8
In fifth decile	1,670	785	880	10.9	10.8	10.9
In top half of the distribution	7,075	3,530	3,545	46.3	48.7	44.1
In sixth decile	1,665	810	860	10.9	11.2	10.7
In seventh decile	1,525	750	775	10.0	10.4	9.6
In eighth decile	1,460	735	730	9.5	10.1	9.1
In ninth decile	1,320	680	645	8.6	9.4	8.0
In top decile	1,100	555	545	7.2	7.7	6.8
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	15,295	...	...	15,295	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.314	...	...	0.314	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.441	...	...	0.441	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.276	...	...	0.276	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.5	...	...	3.5	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	15,725	7,420	8,305	100.0	100.0	100.0
English only	14,500	6,915	7,575	92.2	93.2	91.2
French only	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and French	1,170	480	690	7.4	6.5	8.3
Neither English nor French	50	20	30	0.3	0.3	0.4
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	15,725	7,420	8,305	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	15,520	7,335	8,190	98.7	98.9	98.6
French	135	55	80	0.9	0.7	1.0
English and French	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Neither English nor French	45	15	30	0.3	0.2	0.4
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	15,725	7,420	8,305	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	15,535	7,335	8,200	98.8	98.9	98.7
Official languages	14,410	6,840	7,570	91.6	92.2	91.1
English	14,255	6,770	7,490	90.7	91.2	90.2
French	155	75	80	1.0	1.0	1.0
Non-official languages	1,125	495	630	7.2	6.7	7.6
Indigenous languages³⁹	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	1,120	495	625	7.1	6.7	7.5
Afro-Asiatic languages	55	35	20	0.3	0.5	0.2
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	55	35	20	0.3	0.5	0.2
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	50	35	20	0.3	0.5	0.2
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	25	10	15	0.2	0.1	0.2
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	25	10	15	0.2	0.1	0.2
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	100	35	65	0.6	0.5	0.8
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	85	30	55	0.5	0.4	0.7
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	785	350	435	5.0	4.7	5.2
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	150	65	85	1.0	0.9	1.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	150	65	85	1.0	0.9	1.0
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	10	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	25	10	15	0.2	0.1	0.2
Russian	40	20	20	0.3	0.3	0.2
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	15	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Serbian	10	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Slovene (Slovenian)	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Ukrainian	45	20	20	0.3	0.3	0.2
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	430	190	240	2.7	2.6	2.9
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	280	120	155	1.8	1.6	1.9
German	255	115	140	1.6	1.5	1.7
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	125	50	75	0.8	0.7	0.9
Afrikaans	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Dutch	100	35	65	0.6	0.5	0.8
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	30	15	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Danish	15	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	10	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Indo-Iranian languages	115	60	60	0.7	0.8	0.7
Indo-Aryan languages	105	55	55	0.7	0.7	0.7
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Hindi	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	85	40	45	0.5	0.5	0.5
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	15	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	80	30	50	0.5	0.4	0.6
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	15	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Portuguese	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Romanian	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Spanish	45	15	30	0.3	0.2	0.4
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	25	5	15	0.2	0.1	0.2
Korean	15	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	60	25	30	0.4	0.3	0.4
Chinese languages	60	25	30	0.4	0.3	0.4
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	25	10	20	0.2	0.1	0.2
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	30	15	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	10	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	10	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	40	15	25	0.3	0.2	0.3
Estonian	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Finnish	20	5	15	0.1	0.1	0.2
Hungarian	15	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	185	85	105	1.2	1.1	1.3
English and French	45	20	30	0.3	0.3	0.4
English and non-official language(s)	120	50	65	0.8	0.7	0.8
French and non-official language(s)	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	15	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	15,725	7,420	8,305	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	14,740	6,980	7,760	93.7	94.1	93.4
French	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Non-official language	135	65	70	0.9	0.9	0.8
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	135	65	70	0.9	0.9	0.8
English and French	115	45	70	0.7	0.6	0.8
English and non-official language(s)	655	305	355	4.2	4.1	4.3
French and non-official language(s)	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
English, French and non-official language(s)	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Multiple non-official languages	25	15	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	15,725	7,420	8,305	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	15,605	7,360	8,245	99.2	99.2	99.3
Official languages	15,250	7,195	8,050	97.0	97.0	96.9
English	15,225	7,190	8,035	96.8	96.9	96.7
French	25	10	15	0.2	0.1	0.2
Non-official languages	355	165	195	2.3	2.2	2.3
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	355	165	195	2.3	2.2	2.3
Afro-Asiatic languages	30	10	20	0.2	0.1	0.2
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	30	10	20	0.2	0.1	0.2
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	10	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	10	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	10	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	65	30	35	0.4	0.4	0.4
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	55	25	30	0.3	0.3	0.4
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	180	85	95	1.1	1.1	1.1
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	40	15	20	0.3	0.2	0.2
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	40	15	20	0.3	0.2	0.2
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Russian	20	15	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	10	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	60	25	30	0.4	0.3	0.4
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	45	20	25	0.3	0.3	0.3
German	40	15	20	0.3	0.2	0.2
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	10	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	10	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	65	30	35	0.4	0.4	0.4
Indo-Aryan languages	60	30	30	0.4	0.4	0.4
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	45	20	25	0.3	0.3	0.3
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	15	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	15	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	15	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Korean	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
American Sign Language	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	35	20	20	0.2	0.3	0.2
Chinese languages	35	20	20	0.2	0.3	0.2
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	15	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Hungarian	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	120	55	60	0.8	0.7	0.7
English and French	20	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
English and non-official language(s)	100	45	50	0.6	0.6	0.6
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	15,720	7,415	8,305	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	14,995	7,095	7,900	95.4	95.7	95.1
English	175	80	95	1.1	1.1	1.1
French	105	40	60	0.7	0.5	0.7
Non-official language	385	170	220	2.4	2.3	2.6
Indigenous³⁹	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Non-Indigenous	385	170	215	2.4	2.3	2.6
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	15	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
French and non-official language(s)	15	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	30	15	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	15,495	7,355	8,135	100.0	100.0	100.0
Official languages	15,440	7,335	8,105	99.6	99.7	99.6
English	15,440	7,335	8,105	99.6	99.7	99.6
French	1,175	465	710	7.6	6.3	8.7
Non-official languages	1,680	770	910	10.8	10.5	11.2
Indigenous languages³⁹	20	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
Algonquian languages	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	1,660	760	895	10.7	10.3	11.0
Afro-Asiatic languages	105	70	30	0.7	1.0	0.4
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	105	70	30	0.7	1.0	0.4
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	95	70	30	0.6	1.0	0.4
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	160	80	80	1.0	1.1	1.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	70	45	25	0.5	0.6	0.3
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	140	65	75	0.9	0.9	0.9
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	1,110	470	640	7.2	6.4	7.9
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	180	80	105	1.2	1.1	1.3
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	180	80	105	1.2	1.1	1.3
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	30	10	25	0.2	0.1	0.3
Russian	100	55	45	0.6	0.7	0.6
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	40	20	20	0.3	0.3	0.2
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	480	195	280	3.1	2.7	3.4
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	325	125	200	2.1	1.7	2.5
German	320	120	195	2.1	1.6	2.4
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	130	60	70	0.8	0.8	0.9
Afrikaans	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Dutch	110	40	70	0.7	0.5	0.9
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	30	20	20	0.2	0.3	0.2
Danish	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	110	70	40	0.7	1.0	0.5
Indo-Aryan languages	105	65	40	0.7	0.9	0.5
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	45	25	15	0.3	0.3	0.2
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	100	60	40	0.6	0.8	0.5
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	405	135	265	2.6	1.8	3.3
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	25	15	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
Portuguese	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Romanian	20	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Spanish	360	110	250	2.3	1.5	3.1
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	95	55	45	0.6	0.7	0.6
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	25	10	10	0.2	0.1	0.1
American Sign Language	25	10	10	0.2	0.1	0.1
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	90	50	40	0.6	0.7	0.5
Chinese languages	90	50	40	0.6	0.7	0.5
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	50	35	15	0.3	0.5	0.2
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	60	35	25	0.4	0.5	0.3
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	30	10	25	0.2	0.1	0.3
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	20	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Hungarian	20	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
Other languages, n.i.e.	25	15	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	15,495	7,355	8,135	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	1,240	555	680	8.0	7.5	8.4
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	1,200	540	660	7.7	7.3	8.1
First Nations (North American Indian)	490	225	265	3.2	3.1	3.3
Métis	700	310	395	4.5	4.2	4.9
Inuk (Inuit)	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	20	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Non-Indigenous identity	14,260	6,800	7,460	92.0	92.5	91.7
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	15,495	7,355	8,135	100.0	100.0	100.0
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	245	105	135	1.6	1.4	1.7
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	15,250	7,250	8,000	98.4	98.6	98.3
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	6,800	...	...	100.0	...	...
Owner	5,195	...	...	76.4	...	...
Renter	1,605	...	...	23.6	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	6,800	...	...	100.0	...	...
Condominium	1,045	...	...	15.4	...	...
Not condominium	5,750	...	...	84.6	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	6,800	...	...	100.0	...	...
No bedrooms	10	...	...	0.1	...	...
1 bedroom	650	...	...	9.6	...	...
2 bedrooms	1,895	...	...	27.9	...	...
3 bedrooms	1,950	...	...	28.7	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	2,290	...	...	33.7	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	6,800	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	1,600	...	...	23.5	...	...
5 rooms	1,055	...	...	15.5	...	...
6 rooms	955	...	...	14.0	...	...
7 rooms	780	...	...	11.5	...	...
8 or more rooms	2,405	...	...	35.4	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.6	...	...	6.6	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	6,800	...	...	100.0	...	...
One person or fewer per room	6,730	...	...	99.0	...	...
More than one person per room	70	...	...	1.0	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	6,800	...	...	100.0	...	...
Suitable	6,635	...	...	97.6	...	...
Not suitable	155	...	...	2.3	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	6,800	...	...	100.0	...	...
1960 or before	630	...	...	9.3	...	...
1961 to 1980	1,845	...	...	27.1	...	...
1981 to 1990	880	...	...	12.9	...	...
1991 to 2000	1,550	...	...	22.8	...	...
2001 to 2005	405	...	...	6.0	...	...
2006 to 2010	530	...	...	7.8	...	...
2011 to 2015	365	...	...	5.4	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	590	...	...	8.7	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	6,800	...	...	100.0	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	6,460	...	...	95.0	...	...
Major repairs needed	330	...	...	4.9	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	6,800	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-maintainer household	3,495	...	...	51.4	...	...
Two-maintainer household	3,050	...	...	44.9	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	250	...	...	3.7	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	6,800	...	...	100.0	...	...
15 to 24 years	100	...	...	1.5	...	...
25 to 34 years	660	...	...	9.7	...	...
35 to 44 years	945	...	...	13.9	...	...
45 to 54 years	940	...	...	13.8	...	...
55 to 64 years	1,355	...	...	19.9	...	...
65 to 74 years	1,490	...	...	21.9	...	...
75 to 84 years	920	...	...	13.5	...	...
85 years and over	390	...	...	5.7	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	6,735	...	...	100.0	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	5,490	...	...	81.5	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	1,250	...	...	18.6	...	...
30% to less than 100%	1,195	...	...	17.7	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	6,800	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	1,640	...	...	24.1	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	1,160	...	...	17.1	...	...
Not suitable only	130	...	...	1.9	...	...
Major repairs needed only	250	...	...	3.7	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	20	...	...	0.3	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	70	...	...	1.0	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	10	...	...	0.1	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Acceptable housing	5,155	...	...	75.8	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	6,685	...	...	100.0	...	...
In core need	515	...	...	7.7	...	...
Not in core need	6,165	...	...	92.2	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	5,145	...	...	...	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	55.0	...	...	55.0	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	12.1	...	...	12.1	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	3.5	...	...	3.5	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	940	...	...	940	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,216	...	...	1,216	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	500,000	...	...	500,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	527,500	...	...	527,500	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	1,605	...	...	...	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	19.9	...	...	19.9	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	39.3	...	...	39.3	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	21.4	...	...	21.4	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,000	...	...	1,000	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,088	...	...	1,088	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	...	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	15,495	7,355	8,140	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	330	160	165	2.1	2.2	2.0
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	320	160	155	2.1	2.2	1.9
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	155	85	70	1.0	1.2	0.9
Métis single ancestry	165	80	85	1.1	1.1	1.0
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	1,060	445	615	6.8	6.1	7.6
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	1,045	435	610	6.7	5.9	7.5
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	675	295	380	4.4	4.0	4.7
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	355	125	225	2.3	1.7	2.8
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	20	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	20	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	14,105	6,750	7,360	91.0	91.8	90.4
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	15,495	7,360	8,140	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	14,985	7,085	7,900	96.7	96.3	97.1
Canadian citizens aged under 18	2,965	1,545	1,420	19.1	21.0	17.4
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	12,020	5,540	6,480	77.6	75.3	79.6
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	505	275	240	3.3	3.7	2.9
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	15,495	7,360	8,140	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	13,835	6,580	7,255	89.3	89.4	89.1
Immigrants⁸¹	1,550	705	845	10.0	9.6	10.4
Before 1980	710	335	375	4.6	4.6	4.6
1980 to 1990	135	50	90	0.9	0.7	1.1
1991 to 2000	185	65	125	1.2	0.9	1.5
2001 to 2010	170	100	75	1.1	1.4	0.9
2011 to 2021⁸²	340	160	185	2.2	2.2	2.3
2011 to 2015	115	45	70	0.7	0.6	0.9
2016 to 2021	225	115	110	1.5	1.6	1.4
Non-permanent residents⁸³	110	75	40	0.7	1.0	0.5
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	1,550	700	845	100.0	100.0	100.0
Under 5 years	210	110	105	13.5	15.7	12.4
5 to 14 years	270	140	135	17.4	20.0	16.0
15 to 24 years	345	155	190	22.3	22.1	22.5
25 to 44 years	610	255	355	39.4	36.4	42.0
45 years and over	105	40	65	6.8	5.7	7.7
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	1,550	700	845	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	250	85	160	16.1	12.1	18.9
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
El Salvador	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyana	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	10	0	10	0.6	0.0	1.2
Mexico	15	10	10	1.0	1.4	1.2
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	180	70	110	11.6	10.0	13.0
Other places of birth in Americas	30	0	25	1.9	0.0	3.0
Europe	825	390	435	53.2	55.7	51.5
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	10	10	0	0.6	1.4	0.0
Germany	115	45	70	7.4	6.4	8.3
Greece	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	10	0	10	0.6	0.0	1.2
Italy	10	0	0	0.6	0.0	0.0
Netherlands	100	50	50	6.5	7.1	5.9
Poland	30	15	20	1.9	2.1	2.4
Portugal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romania	25	15	10	1.6	2.1	1.2
Russian Federation	25	10	10	1.6	1.4	1.2
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	15	10	0	1.0	1.4	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	345	160	190	22.3	22.9	22.5
Other places of birth in Europe	135	60	75	8.7	8.6	8.9
Africa	55	40	20	3.5	5.7	2.4
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	10	10	0	0.6	1.4	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	25	20	10	1.6	2.9	1.2
Other places of birth in Africa	10	0	0	0.6	0.0	0.0
Asia	365	165	205	23.5	23.6	24.3
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	35	25	15	2.3	3.6	1.8
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	55	25	30	3.5	3.6	3.6
Hong Kong⁹¹	15	15	10	1.0	2.1	1.2
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	125	40	85	8.1	5.7	10.1
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	45	20	20	2.9	2.9	2.4
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	50	25	30	3.2	3.6	3.6
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	55	30	25	3.5	4.3	3.0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	225	115	110	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	45	15	25	20.0	13.0	22.7
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	20	10	10	8.9	8.7	9.1
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Americas	10	0	0	4.4	0.0	0.0
Europe	10	10	10	4.4	8.7	9.1
France	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asia	165	80	80	73.3	69.6	72.7
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	10	0	10	4.4	0.0	9.1
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	10	0	0	4.4	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	65	30	40	28.9	26.1	36.4
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	35	25	15	15.6	21.7	13.6
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	15,495	7,355	8,135	100.0	100.0	100.0
First generation¹⁰⁰	1,810	845	965	11.7	11.5	11.9
Second generation¹⁰¹	2,940	1,320	1,615	19.0	17.9	19.9
Third generation or more¹⁰²	10,750	5,195	5,555	69.4	70.6	68.3
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	835	370	465	100.0	100.0	100.0
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	440	205	235	52.7	55.4	50.5
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	200	115	80	24.0	31.1	17.2
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	240	85	150	28.7	23.0	32.3
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	305	120	185	36.5	32.4	39.8
Refugees¹⁰⁸	80	45	40	9.6	12.2	8.6
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	10	0	10	1.2	0.0	2.2
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	835	370	465	100.0	100.0	100.0
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	10	0	10	1.2	0.0	2.2
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	150	70	80	18.0	18.9	17.2
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	30	15	15	3.6	4.1	3.2
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	15	10	10	1.8	2.7	2.2
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	10	0	0	1.2	0.0	0.0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	625	270	355	74.9	73.0	76.3
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	15,495	7,355	8,135	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	895	430	460	5.8	5.8	5.7
South Asian	185	105	80	1.2	1.4	1.0
Chinese	120	55	65	0.8	0.7	0.8
Black	80	30	50	0.5	0.4	0.6
Filipino	195	85	110	1.3	1.2	1.4
Arab	75	45	25	0.5	0.6	0.3
Latin American	65	15	55	0.4	0.2	0.7
Southeast Asian	30	20	10	0.2	0.3	0.1
West Asian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	20	20	0	0.1	0.3	0.0
Japanese	105	45	60	0.7	0.6	0.7
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Multiple visible minorities	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	14,600	6,925	7,675	94.2	94.2	94.3
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	15,495	7,360	8,140	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian	2,055	1,005	1,055	13.3	13.7	13.0
English	4,815	2,280	2,535	31.1	31.0	31.1
Irish	2,950	1,390	1,565	19.0	18.9	19.2
Scottish	3,835	1,800	2,035	24.7	24.5	25.0
French, n.o.s.¹²²	1,595	715	880	10.3	9.7	10.8
German	3,085	1,335	1,750	19.9	18.1	21.5
Chinese	120	60	65	0.8	0.8	0.8
Italian	505	245	255	3.3	3.3	3.1
Indian (India)	110	60	55	0.7	0.8	0.7
Ukrainian	1,130	540	590	7.3	7.3	7.2
Dutch	1,090	525	565	7.0	7.1	6.9
Polish	475	175	305	3.1	2.4	3.7
Québécois	25	10	15	0.2	0.1	0.2
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	685	340	345	4.4	4.6	4.2
Filipino	185	75	110	1.2	1.0	1.4
French Canadian	125	60	65	0.8	0.8	0.8
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	350	190	160	2.3	2.6	2.0
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	355	160	195	2.3	2.2	2.4
Métis	545	220	325	3.5	3.0	4.0
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	330	165	170	2.1	2.2	2.1
Russian	545	225	320	3.5	3.1	3.9
Norwegian	955	435	515	6.2	5.9	6.3
Welsh	450	230	220	2.9	3.1	2.7
Portuguese	25	20	10	0.2	0.3	0.1
American	335	155	175	2.2	2.1	2.1
Spanish	130	70	65	0.8	1.0	0.8
Swedish	600	305	290	3.9	4.1	3.6
Hungarian	190	65	120	1.2	0.9	1.5
Acadian	35	15	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Pakistani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	40	0	30	0.3	0.0	0.4
Jewish	30	20	15	0.2	0.3	0.2
Punjabi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	20	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	35	25	10	0.2	0.3	0.1
Greek	50	25	25	0.3	0.3	0.3
Jamaican	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	20	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.2
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	195	95	100	1.3	1.3	1.2
Korean	20	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Romanian	85	35	55	0.5	0.5	0.7
Lebanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Danish	240	130	110	1.5	1.8	1.4
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	125	45	80	0.8	0.6	1.0
Sikh	40	25	15	0.3	0.3	0.2
Austrian	270	155	115	1.7	2.1	1.4
Belgian	115	65	55	0.7	0.9	0.7
Haitian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexican	70	20	50	0.5	0.3	0.6
Mennonite	130	65	65	0.8	0.9	0.8
Swiss	150	55	100	1.0	0.7	1.2
Finnish	230	95	135	1.5	1.3	1.7
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	35	20	15	0.2	0.3	0.2
Japanese	125	60	65	0.8	0.8	0.8
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	65	25	40	0.4	0.3	0.5
Muslim	40	20	15	0.3	0.3	0.2
Egyptian	20	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	175	70	100	1.1	1.0	1.2
Colombian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moroccan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	95	55	45	0.6	0.7	0.6
Syrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afghan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	20	15	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Newfoundlander	20	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.2
Hong Konger	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ontarian	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Turkish	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	75	35	40	0.5	0.5	0.5
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	30	0	25	0.2	0.0	0.3
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salvadorean	30	15	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
African Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
South African	75	35	40	0.5	0.5	0.5
Australian	40	20	20	0.3	0.3	0.2
Palestinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chilean	30	10	20	0.2	0.1	0.2
Congolese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nova Scotian	15	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peruvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovenian	40	15	25	0.3	0.2	0.3
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Canadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israeli	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	35	10	25	0.2	0.1	0.3
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albertan	20	20	0	0.1	0.3	0.0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African American	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	40	20	25	0.3	0.3	0.3
Tunisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	40	15	25	0.3	0.2	0.3
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Laotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Irish	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	30	10	20	0.2	0.1	0.2
British Columbian	80	45	35	0.5	0.6	0.4
Ecuadorian	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jatt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dominican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Byelorussian	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Abenaki	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Zealander	25	15	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
Sudanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Breton	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania Dutch	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saskatchewanian	20	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gaspesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norman	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Manitoban	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Honduran	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cherokee	20	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Flemish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Goan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamileke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Libyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Basque	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igorot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guinean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maliseet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Beninese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Roma	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tajik	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amhara	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	15,495	7,355	8,140	100.0	100.0	100.0
Buddhist	70	35	30	0.5	0.5	0.4
Christian	6,310	2,660	3,655	40.7	36.2	44.9
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	1,600	715	890	10.3	9.7	10.9
Anabaptist	50	20	30	0.3	0.3	0.4
Anglican	515	220	290	3.3	3.0	3.6
Baptist	405	175	225	2.6	2.4	2.8
Catholic	1,390	585	800	9.0	8.0	9.8
Christian Orthodox	30	30	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
Jehovah's Witness	120	55	75	0.8	0.7	0.9
Latter Day Saints	85	40	50	0.5	0.5	0.6
Lutheran	275	110	165	1.8	1.5	2.0
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	30	15	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	145	55	90	0.9	0.7	1.1
Presbyterian	175	65	105	1.1	0.9	1.3
Reformed	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
United Church	850	315	545	5.5	4.3	6.7
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	620	255	370	4.0	3.5	4.5
Hindu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jewish	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Muslim	115	70	40	0.7	1.0	0.5
Sikh	95	55	40	0.6	0.7	0.5
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	190	35	155	1.2	0.5	1.9
No religion and secular perspectives	8,690	4,490	4,200	56.1	61.0	51.6
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	15,425	7,310	8,115	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	13,190	6,210	6,985	85.5	85.0	86.1
Movers	2,235	1,105	1,135	14.5	15.1	14.0
Non-migrants	1,150	595	560	7.5	8.1	6.9
Migrants	1,085	510	575	7.0	7.0	7.1
Internal migrants	995	455	545	6.5	6.2	6.7
Intraprovincial migrants	770	350	415	5.0	4.8	5.1
Interprovincial migrants	220	100	125	1.4	1.4	1.5
External migrants	90	60	30	0.6	0.8	0.4
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	14,820	6,995	7,825	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	7,625	3,580	4,045	51.5	51.2	51.7
Movers	7,195	3,415	3,780	48.5	48.8	48.3
Non-migrants	2,630	1,230	1,400	17.7	17.6	17.9
Migrants	4,565	2,185	2,380	30.8	31.2	30.4
Internal migrants	4,295	2,030	2,265	29.0	29.0	28.9
Intraprovincial migrants	3,320	1,510	1,810	22.4	21.6	23.1
Interprovincial migrants	975	515	460	6.6	7.4	5.9
External migrants	270	160	115	1.8	2.3	1.5
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	13,075	6,085	6,990	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	2,425	1,235	1,190	18.5	20.3	17.0
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	10,650	4,850	5,800	81.5	79.7	83.0
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	7,320	3,420	3,900	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	780	415	370	10.7	12.1	9.5
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	6,540	3,010	3,530	89.3	88.0	90.5
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	13,075	6,085	6,995	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	2,050	1,020	1,030	15.7	16.8	14.7
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	3,720	1,685	2,035	28.5	27.7	29.1
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	7,305	3,380	3,925	55.9	55.5	56.1
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	4,725	2,160	2,565	36.1	35.5	36.7
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	1,345	1,075	270	10.3	17.7	3.9
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	505	325	180	3.9	5.3	2.6
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	840	745	95	6.4	12.2	1.4
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	2,960	930	2,030	22.6	15.3	29.0
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	425	165	265	3.3	2.7	3.8
Bachelor's degree or higher	2,580	1,215	1,360	19.7	20.0	19.4
Bachelor's degree	1,715	795	920	13.1	13.1	13.2
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	185	70	115	1.4	1.2	1.6
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	90	50	40	0.7	0.8	0.6
Master's degree	540	280	265	4.1	4.6	3.8
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	45	25	25	0.3	0.4	0.4
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	7,325	3,425	3,900	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	630	335	290	8.6	9.8	7.4
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	1,940	940	1,005	26.5	27.4	25.8
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	4,750	2,140	2,605	64.8	62.5	66.8
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	2,980	1,370	1,610	40.7	40.0	41.3
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	785	660	125	10.7	19.3	3.2
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	265	185	85	3.6	5.4	2.2
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	520	480	35	7.1	14.0	0.9
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	1,920	600	1,325	26.2	17.5	34.0
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	270	115	160	3.7	3.4	4.1
Bachelor's degree or higher	1,775	770	1,000	24.2	22.5	25.6
Bachelor's degree	1,205	525	680	16.5	15.3	17.4
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	110	35	70	1.5	1.0	1.8
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	70	35	40	1.0	1.0	1.0
Master's degree	355	155	200	4.8	4.5	5.1
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	35	20	15	0.5	0.6	0.4
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	13,075	6,085	6,990	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	5,770	2,700	3,065	44.1	44.4	43.8
Education	895	225	665	6.8	3.7	9.5
13. Education	895	225	665	6.8	3.7	9.5
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	165	60	105	1.3	1.0	1.5
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	20	15	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
50. Visual and performing arts	140	45	95	1.1	0.7	1.4
Humanities	285	130	155	2.2	2.1	2.2
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	20	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.2
23. English language and literature/letters	50	20	30	0.4	0.3	0.4
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	50	20	35	0.4	0.3	0.5
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	20	15	0	0.2	0.2	0.0
39. Theology and religious vocations	105	55	55	0.8	0.9	0.8
54. History	30	20	10	0.2	0.3	0.1
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	655	220	435	5.0	3.6	6.2
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	30	10	20	0.2	0.2	0.3
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	145	10	135	1.1	0.2	1.9
22. Legal professions and studies	110	25	85	0.8	0.4	1.2
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	25	0	25	0.2	0.0	0.4
42. Psychology	120	55	65	0.9	0.9	0.9
45. Social sciences	215	120	95	1.6	2.0	1.4
Business, management and public administration	1,355	450	905	10.4	7.4	12.9
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	135	35	95	1.0	0.6	1.4
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	1,220	415	805	9.3	6.8	11.5
Physical and life sciences and technologies	170	85	80	1.3	1.4	1.1
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	80	35	40	0.6	0.6	0.6
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	50	35	20	0.4	0.6	0.3
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
40. Physical sciences	20	20	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
41. Science technologies/technicians	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	150	100	50	1.1	1.6	0.7
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	105	60	40	0.8	1.0	0.6
25. Library science	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
27. Mathematics and statistics	35	30	0	0.3	0.5	0.0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	1,475	1,400	75	11.3	23.0	1.1
04. Architecture and related services	25	15	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
14. Engineering	170	160	10	1.3	2.6	0.1
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	330	295	35	2.5	4.8	0.5
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	390	380	10	3.0	6.2	0.1
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	375	360	15	2.9	5.9	0.2
48. Precision production	185	185	0	1.4	3.0	0.0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	375	275	100	2.9	4.5	1.4
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	175	100	70	1.3	1.6	1.0
03. Natural resources and conservation	200	170	30	1.5	2.8	0.4
Health and related fields	1,360	200	1,160	10.4	3.3	16.6
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	90	40	55	0.7	0.7	0.8
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	1,255	155	1,100	9.6	2.5	15.7
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
Personal, protective and transportation services	420	235	180	3.2	3.9	2.6
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	255	80	175	2.0	1.3	2.5
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	30	30	0	0.2	0.5	0.0
49. Transportation and materials moving	125	120	10	1.0	2.0	0.1
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	7,320	3,420	3,900	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	2,570	1,280	1,290	35.1	37.4	33.1
Education	515	105	410	7.0	3.1	10.5
13. Education	515	105	410	7.0	3.1	10.5
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	110	40	65	1.5	1.2	1.7
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	15	10	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
50. Visual and performing arts	100	35	65	1.4	1.0	1.7
Humanities	165	70	95	2.3	2.0	2.4
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	20	0	15	0.3	0.0	0.4
23. English language and literature/letters	30	15	15	0.4	0.4	0.4
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	45	10	35	0.6	0.3	0.9
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
39. Theology and religious vocations	40	20	20	0.5	0.6	0.5
54. History	15	10	10	0.2	0.3	0.3
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	430	150	280	5.9	4.4	7.2
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	30	10	20	0.4	0.3	0.5
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	80	10	75	1.1	0.3	1.9
22. Legal professions and studies	60	10	45	0.8	0.3	1.2
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	25	0	15	0.3	0.0	0.4
42. Psychology	70	30	40	1.0	0.9	1.0
45. Social sciences	165	90	80	2.3	2.6	2.1
Business, management and public administration	905	285	615	12.4	8.3	15.8
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	100	15	85	1.4	0.4	2.2
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	805	270	540	11.0	7.9	13.8
Physical and life sciences and technologies	120	55	65	1.6	1.6	1.7
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	55	20	35	0.8	0.6	0.9
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	40	20	20	0.5	0.6	0.5
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
40. Physical sciences	20	10	0	0.3	0.3	0.0
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	115	80	35	1.6	2.3	0.9
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	85	55	30	1.2	1.6	0.8
25. Library science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
27. Mathematics and statistics	25	20	0	0.3	0.6	0.0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	955	900	55	13.0	26.3	1.4
04. Architecture and related services	15	10	10	0.2	0.3	0.3
14. Engineering	125	115	10	1.7	3.4	0.3
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	235	210	20	3.2	6.1	0.5
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	255	240	10	3.5	7.0	0.3
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	240	240	0	3.3	7.0	0.0
48. Precision production	85	85	0	1.2	2.5	0.0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	285	205	80	3.9	6.0	2.1
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	125	65	60	1.7	1.9	1.5
03. Natural resources and conservation	160	135	25	2.2	3.9	0.6
Health and related fields	905	140	765	12.4	4.1	19.6
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	55	25	30	0.8	0.7	0.8
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	835	110	725	11.4	3.2	18.6
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	20	0	15	0.3	0.0	0.4
Personal, protective and transportation services	260	125	135	3.6	3.7	3.5
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	180	45	130	2.5	1.3	3.3
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	25	25	0	0.3	0.7	0.0
49. Transportation and materials moving	60	55	0	0.8	1.6	0.0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	7,320	3,420	3,900	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,570	1,280	1,290	35.1	37.4	33.1
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	4,750	2,145	2,610	64.9	62.7	66.9
Location of study inside Canada	4,270	1,885	2,385	58.3	55.1	61.2
Same as province or territory of residence	2,990	1,265	1,720	40.8	37.0	44.1
Different than province or territory of residence	1,280	615	670	17.5	18.0	17.2
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	480	260	220	6.6	7.6	5.6
Americas	150	85	65	2.0	2.5	1.7
United States of America	130	80	50	1.8	2.3	1.3
Mexico	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Cuba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Americas	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.3
Europe	135	70	65	1.8	2.0	1.7
Belgium	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germany	20	10	10	0.3	0.3	0.3
Netherlands	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Switzerland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	15	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.3
Romania	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	45	20	20	0.6	0.6	0.5
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Europe	15	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.3
Africa	10	10	0	0.1	0.3	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asia	170	75	90	2.3	2.2	2.3
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	20	10	15	0.3	0.3	0.4
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	85	45	45	1.2	1.3	1.2
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	35	15	20	0.5	0.4	0.5
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania	15	15	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
Australia	10	10	0	0.1	0.3	0.0
New Zealand	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	13,075	6,085	6,990	...	...	...
In the labour force	7,335	3,655	3,680	...	...	...
Employed	6,755	3,340	3,415	...	...	...
Unemployed	585	315	270	...	...	...
Not in the labour force	5,740	2,430	3,310	...	...	...
Participation rate	56.1	60.1	52.6	56.1	60.1	52.6
Employment rate	51.7	54.9	48.9	51.7	54.9	48.9
Unemployment rate	8.0	8.6	7.3	8.0	8.6	7.3
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	13,075	6,085	6,990	100.0	100.0	100.0
Did not work¹⁸⁶	5,690	2,395	3,290	43.5	39.4	47.1
Worked	7,385	3,685	3,700	56.5	60.6	52.9
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	3,515	2,005	1,510	26.9	32.9	21.6
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	3,875	1,685	2,190	29.6	27.7	31.3
Average weeks worked in reference year	40.3	40.8	39.8	40.3	40.8	39.8
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	7,335	3,655	3,680	100.0	100.0	100.0
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	95	40	55	1.3	1.1	1.5
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	7,240	3,615	3,625	98.7	98.9	98.5
Employee	5,925	2,855	3,065	80.8	78.1	83.3
Permanent position	4,840	2,345	2,495	66.0	64.2	67.8
Temporary position	1,085	510	575	14.8	14.0	15.6
Fixed term (1 year or more)	220	110	105	3.0	3.0	2.9
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	870	400	470	11.9	10.9	12.8
Self-employed¹⁹²	1,315	760	555	17.9	20.8	15.1
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	7,335	3,655	3,680	100.0	100.0	100.0
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	95	40	55	1.3	1.1	1.5
All occupations¹⁹¹	7,240	3,615	3,625	98.7	98.9	98.5
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	70	45	25	1.0	1.2	0.7
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	1,050	260	790	14.3	7.1	21.5
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	465	385	80	6.3	10.5	2.2
3 Health occupations	700	130	570	9.5	3.6	15.5
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	895	245	645	12.2	6.7	17.5
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	230	100	130	3.1	2.7	3.5
6 Sales and service occupations	1,940	750	1,190	26.4	20.5	32.3
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	1,320	1,215	100	18.0	33.2	2.7
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	265	205	55	3.6	5.6	1.5
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	310	265	40	4.2	7.3	1.1
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	7,335	3,655	3,680	100.0	100.0	100.0
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	95	40	55	1.3	1.1	1.5
All industries¹⁹¹	7,240	3,615	3,625	98.7	98.9	98.5
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	250	165	90	3.4	4.5	2.4
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	140	125	15	1.9	3.4	0.4
22 Utilities	65	65	0	0.9	1.8	0.0
23 Construction	600	525	75	8.2	14.4	2.0
31-33 Manufacturing	560	450	115	7.6	12.3	3.1
41 Wholesale trade	85	70	10	1.2	1.9	0.3
44-45 Retail trade	1,075	520	550	14.7	14.2	14.9
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	180	130	50	2.5	3.6	1.4
51 Information and cultural industries	85	40	40	1.2	1.1	1.1
52 Finance and insurance	265	80	185	3.6	2.2	5.0
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	105	40	65	1.4	1.1	1.8
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	440	240	195	6.0	6.6	5.3
55 Management of companies and enterprises	15	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.3
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	265	160	105	3.6	4.4	2.9
61 Educational services	685	195	490	9.3	5.3	13.3
62 Health care and social assistance	1,055	180	870	14.4	4.9	23.6
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	190	110	80	2.6	3.0	2.2
72 Accommodation and food services	520	210	310	7.1	5.7	8.4
81 Other services (except public administration)	375	165	215	5.1	4.5	5.8
91 Public administration	300	140	155	4.1	3.8	4.2
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	8,075	4,035	4,040	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	7,950	4,000	3,950	98.5	99.1	97.8
French	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Non-official language	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
English and French	30	0	30	0.4	0.0	0.7
English and non-official language(s)	70	30	40	0.9	0.7	1.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	8,075	4,035	4,040	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	8,060	4,035	4,030	99.8	100.0	99.8
Official languages	8,025	4,015	4,010	99.4	99.5	99.3
English	8,005	4,015	3,990	99.1	99.5	98.8
French	20	0	20	0.2	0.0	0.5
Non-official languages	40	20	20	0.5	0.5	0.5
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	30	20	15	0.4	0.5	0.4
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	15	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Chinese languages	15	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	10	10	10	0.1	0.2	0.2
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	8,075	4,035	4,040	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	7,985	4,005	3,975	98.9	99.3	98.4
English	40	15	25	0.5	0.4	0.6
French	20	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.2
Non-official language	40	10	25	0.5	0.2	0.6
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	40	10	25	0.5	0.2	0.6
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	6,755	3,340	3,415	100.0	100.0	100.0
Worked at home	860	390	470	12.7	11.7	13.8
Worked outside Canada	10	10	0	0.1	0.3	0.0
No fixed workplace address	930	655	275	13.8	19.6	8.1
Usual place of work	4,950	2,285	2,670	73.3	68.4	78.2
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	4,950	2,285	2,665	100.0	100.0	100.0
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	3,920	1,685	2,235	79.2	73.7	83.9
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	435	220	205	8.8	9.6	7.7
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	525	315	205	10.6	13.8	7.7
Commute to a different province or territory	80	60	20	1.6	2.6	0.8
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	5,880	2,940	2,940	100.0	100.0	100.0
Car, truck or van	5,220	2,620	2,600	88.8	89.1	88.4
Car, truck or van - as a driver	4,775	2,445	2,330	81.2	83.2	79.3
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	440	170	270	7.5	5.8	9.2
Public transit	60	25	40	1.0	0.9	1.4
Walked	430	180	255	7.3	6.1	8.7
Bicycle	75	60	20	1.3	2.0	0.7
Other method	95	65	35	1.6	2.2	1.2
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	5,880	2,940	2,940	100.0	100.0	100.0
Less than 15 minutes	3,900	1,745	2,155	66.3	59.4	73.3
15 to 29 minutes	1,150	615	540	19.6	20.9	18.4
30 to 44 minutes	365	245	125	6.2	8.3	4.3
45 to 59 minutes	195	125	70	3.3	4.3	2.4
60 minutes and over	265	215	55	4.5	7.3	1.9
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	5,880	2,940	2,940	100.0	100.0	100.0
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	330	275	55	5.6	9.4	1.9
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	980	595	385	16.7	20.2	13.1
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	1,650	850	805	28.1	28.9	27.4
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	1,380	525	860	23.5	17.9	29.3
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	805	320	485	13.7	10.9	16.5
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	730	375	350	12.4	12.8	11.9
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	2,975	1,570	1,400	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	180	100	75	6.1	6.4	5.4
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	2,795	1,470	1,325	93.9	93.6	94.6
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	2,315	1,225	1,090	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	145	80	65	6.3	6.5	6.0
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	40	20	20	1.7	1.6	1.8
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	105	60	45	4.5	4.9	4.1
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	2,165	1,140	1,025	93.5	93.1	94.0

Symbol legend

...
not applicable
^r
revised

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 30, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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