Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	QuesnelMore information: British Columbia [Population centre]
	Counts			Rates
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	12,110	...	...	...	...	...
Population, 2016¹	12,196^r	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	- 0.7	...	...	- 0.7	...	...
Total private dwellings²	5,808	...	...	...	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	5,502	...	...	...	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	480.0	...	...	480.0	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	25.23	...	...	...	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	12,115	5,930	6,185	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	1,880	965	915	15.5	16.3	14.8
0 to 4 years	535	280	255	4.4	4.7	4.1
5 to 9 years	610	305	300	5.0	5.1	4.9
10 to 14 years	740	375	360	6.1	6.3	5.8
15 to 64 years	7,475	3,715	3,760	61.7	62.6	60.8
15 to 19 years	665	345	320	5.5	5.8	5.2
20 to 24 years	660	340	325	5.4	5.7	5.3
25 to 29 years	730	380	350	6.0	6.4	5.7
30 to 34 years	685	340	350	5.7	5.7	5.7
35 to 39 years	685	325	355	5.7	5.5	5.7
40 to 44 years	640	330	315	5.3	5.6	5.1
45 to 49 years	725	350	380	6.0	5.9	6.1
50 to 54 years	775	355	420	6.4	6.0	6.8
55 to 59 years	935	490	440	7.7	8.3	7.1
60 to 64 years	970	470	500	8.0	7.9	8.1
65 years and over	2,755	1,245	1,510	22.7	21.0	24.4
65 to 69 years	850	395	455	7.0	6.7	7.4
70 to 74 years	755	355	405	6.2	6.0	6.5
75 to 79 years	480	220	260	4.0	3.7	4.2
80 to 84 years	355	155	200	2.9	2.6	3.2
85 years and over	320	120	195	2.6	2.0	3.2
85 to 89 years	200	80	120	1.7	1.3	1.9
90 to 94 years	85	30	60	0.7	0.5	1.0
95 to 99 years	20	5	15	0.2	0.1	0.2
100 years and over	10	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	15.5	16.3	14.8	15.5	16.3	14.8
15 to 64 years	61.7	62.6	60.8	61.7	62.6	60.8
65 years and over	22.7	21.0	24.4	22.7	21.0	24.4
85 years and over	2.6	2.0	3.2	2.6	2.0	3.2
Average age of the population	44.0	43.0	45.1	44.0	43.0	45.1
Median age of the population	45.6	44.0	47.2	45.6	44.0	47.2
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	5,505	...	...	100.0	...	...
Single-detached house	3,400	...	...	61.8	...	...
Semi-detached house	160	...	...	2.9	...	...
Row house	265	...	...	4.8	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	185	...	...	3.4	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	1,045	...	...	19.0	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Other single-attached house	25	...	...	0.5	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	420	...	...	7.6	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	5,500	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 person	1,950	...	...	35.5	...	...
2 persons	2,010	...	...	36.5	...	...
3 persons	725	...	...	13.2	...	...
4 persons	505	...	...	9.2	...	...
5 or more persons	315	...	...	5.7	...	...
Number of persons in private households	11,900	5,830	6,065	100.0	100.0	100.0
Average household size	2.2	...	...	2.2	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	10,230	4,960	5,265	100.0	100.0	100.0
Married or living common-law	5,400	2,695	2,705	52.8	54.3	51.4
Married	4,080	2,040	2,040	39.9	41.1	38.7
Living common-law	1,325	660	665	13.0	13.3	12.6
Living common law - Never married	935	460	470	9.1	9.3	8.9
Living common law - Separated	85	45	40	0.8	0.9	0.8
Living common law - Divorced	255	135	125	2.5	2.7	2.4
Living common law - Widowed	45	20	25	0.4	0.4	0.5
Not married and not living common-law	4,825	2,270	2,560	47.2	45.8	48.6
Not married and not living common law - Never married	2,765	1,535	1,235	27.0	30.9	23.5
Not married and not living common law - Separated	415	180	240	4.1	3.6	4.6
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	870	380	490	8.5	7.7	9.3
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	780	180	595	7.6	3.6	11.3
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	3,370	...	...	100.0	...	...
2 persons	2,000	...	...	59.3	...	...
3 persons	685	...	...	20.3	...	...
4 persons	465	...	...	13.8	...	...
5 or more persons	220	...	...	6.5	...	...
Average size of census families	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.7	...	...	1.7	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	3,370	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total couple families	2,655	...	...	78.8	...	...
Married couples	1,995	...	...	59.2	...	...
With children⁶	815	...	...	24.2	...	...
Without children	1,180	...	...	35.0	...	...
Common-law couples	660	...	...	19.6	...	...
With children⁶	260	...	...	7.7	...	...
Without children	405	...	...	12.0	...	...
Total one-parent families	710	...	...	21.1	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	535	...	...	15.9	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	175	...	...	5.2	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	11,900	5,830	6,065	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total - Persons in census families	9,100	4,480	4,620	76.5	76.8	76.2
Married spouses or common-law partners	5,310	2,645	2,665	44.6	45.4	43.9
Parents in one-parent families	715	180	535	6.0	3.1	8.8
Children⁶	3,075	1,655	1,420	25.8	28.4	23.4
In a two-parent family	1,975	1,040	930	16.6	17.8	15.3
In a one-parent family	1,105	615	490	9.3	10.5	8.1
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	2,800	1,355	1,445	23.5	23.2	23.8
Living alone	1,950	905	1,040	16.4	15.5	17.1
Living with other relatives⁷	275	130	145	2.3	2.2	2.4
Living with non-relatives only	575	320	255	4.8	5.5	4.2
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	5,500	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	3,000	...	...	54.5	...	...
Couple-family households	2,430	...	...	44.2	...	...
With children⁶	970	...	...	17.6	...	...
Without children	1,460	...	...	26.5	...	...
One-parent-family households	575	...	...	10.5	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	90	...	...	1.6	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	30	...	...	0.5	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	175	...	...	3.2	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	260	...	...	4.7	...	...
One-person households	1,950	...	...	35.5	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	10,020	4,865	5,155	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	9,680	4,700	4,980	96.6	96.6	96.6
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	37,200	46,000	31,400	37,200	46,000	31,400
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	9,685	4,705	4,980	96.7	96.7	96.6
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	34,800	42,000	29,800	34,800	42,000	29,800
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	8,090	4,125	3,970	80.7	84.8	77.0
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	31,200	42,000	23,400	31,200	42,000	23,400
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	6,230	3,275	2,960	62.2	67.3	57.4
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	35,600	51,200	27,000	35,600	51,200	27,000
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	8,375	3,865	4,510	83.6	79.4	87.5
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	13,400	13,200	13,500	13,400	13,200	13,500
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	1,185	625	560	11.8	12.8	10.9
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,480	5,480	5,480	5,480	5,480	5,480
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	2,640	1,325	1,315	26.3	27.2	25.5
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,000	7,500	8,000	8,000	7,500	8,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	10,100	4,895	5,205	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	9,795	4,740	5,055	97.0	96.8	97.1
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	47,520	57,950	37,760	47,520	57,950	37,760
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	9,795	4,745	5,055	97.0	96.9	97.1
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	41,480	49,080	34,320	41,480	49,080	34,320
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	8,135	4,120	4,015	80.5	84.2	77.1
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	42,880	54,250	31,240	42,880	54,250	31,240
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	6,230	3,245	2,985	61.7	66.3	57.3
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	46,240	57,400	34,120	46,240	57,400	34,120
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	8,410	3,850	4,555	83.3	78.7	87.5
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	13,860	13,340	14,320	13,860	13,340	14,320
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	1,300	680	625	12.9	13.9	12.0
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,120	6,070	6,180	6,120	6,070	6,180
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	2,770	1,355	1,415	27.4	27.7	27.2
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,620	8,290	8,940	8,620	8,290	8,940
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	10,100	4,895	5,205	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	2,490	1,435	1,055	24.7	29.3	20.3
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	70,000	81,000	50,800	70,000	81,000	50,800
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	72,500	84,600	56,000	72,500	84,600	56,000
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	2,745	1,300	1,440	27.2	26.6	27.7
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	20,800	25,800	18,400	20,800	25,800	18,400
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	30,720	38,520	23,700	30,720	38,520	23,700
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	75.0	81.4	65.8	75.0	81.4	65.8
Employment income (%)¹⁹	61.9	67.8	53.3	61.9	67.8	53.3
Government transfers (%)²⁰	25.0	18.7	34.2	25.0	18.7	34.2
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.7	1.5	2.0	1.7	1.5	2.0
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	6.6	5.0	8.8	6.6	5.0	8.8
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	5.1	4.1	6.6	5.1	4.1	6.6
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	10,015	4,870	5,150	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without total income	340	165	170	3.4	3.4	3.3
With total income	9,680	4,700	4,980	96.7	96.5	96.7
Under $10,000 (including loss)	745	250	500	7.7	5.3	10.0
$10,000 to $19,999	1,300	495	810	13.4	10.5	16.3
$20,000 to $29,999	1,690	645	1,045	17.5	13.7	21.0
$30,000 to $39,999	1,435	645	790	14.8	13.7	15.9
$40,000 to $49,999	1,090	465	620	11.3	9.9	12.4
$50,000 to $59,999	750	355	390	7.7	7.6	7.8
$60,000 to $69,999	545	305	245	5.6	6.5	4.9
$70,000 to $79,999	515	325	190	5.3	6.9	3.8
$80,000 to $89,999	380	265	120	3.9	5.6	2.4
$90,000 to $99,999	310	220	95	3.2	4.7	1.9
$100,000 and over	915	735	180	9.5	15.6	3.6
$100,000 to $149,999	765	600	160	7.9	12.8	3.2
$150,000 and over	150	135	20	1.5	2.9	0.4
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	10,015	4,870	5,150	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without after-tax income	335	165	170	3.3	3.4	3.3
With after-tax income	9,685	4,700	4,980	96.7	96.5	96.7
Under $10,000 (including loss)	775	255	515	8.0	5.4	10.3
$10,000 to $19,999	1,330	510	825	13.7	10.9	16.6
$20,000 to $29,999	1,920	730	1,185	19.8	15.5	23.8
$30,000 to $39,999	1,635	760	875	16.9	16.2	17.6
$40,000 to $49,999	1,090	495	600	11.3	10.5	12.0
$50,000 to $59,999	785	410	370	8.1	8.7	7.4
$60,000 to $69,999	645	415	235	6.7	8.8	4.7
$70,000 to $79,999	485	345	140	5.0	7.3	2.8
$80,000 to $89,999	375	270	105	3.9	5.7	2.1
$90,000 to $99,999	280	220	60	2.9	4.7	1.2
$100,000 and over	365	300	65	3.8	6.4	1.3
$100,000 to $124,999	260	205	50	2.7	4.4	1.0
$125,000 and over	110	90	15	1.1	1.9	0.3
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	10,015	4,870	5,150	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without employment income	3,785	1,595	2,190	37.8	32.8	42.5
With employment income	6,235	3,275	2,960	62.3	67.2	57.5
Under $5,000 (including loss)	840	380	460	13.5	11.6	15.5
$5,000 to $9,999	480	190	295	7.7	5.8	10.0
$10,000 to $19,999	770	320	450	12.3	9.8	15.2
$20,000 to $29,999	650	255	390	10.4	7.8	13.2
$30,000 to $39,999	615	260	355	9.9	7.9	12.0
$40,000 to $49,999	475	210	260	7.6	6.4	8.8
$50,000 to $59,999	415	220	195	6.7	6.7	6.6
$60,000 to $69,999	355	205	145	5.7	6.3	4.9
$70,000 to $79,999	395	265	130	6.3	8.1	4.4
$80,000 to $89,999	295	205	90	4.7	6.3	3.0
$90,000 to $99,999	250	190	65	4.0	5.8	2.2
$100,000 and over	695	575	120	11.1	17.6	4.1
$100,000 to $124,999	435	350	90	7.0	10.7	3.0
$125,000 and over	260	230	30	4.2	7.0	1.0
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	10,020	4,865	5,155	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	9,480	4,605	4,875	94.6	94.7	94.6
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	35,200	47,200	27,400	35,200	47,200	27,400
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	9,505	4,605	4,900	94.9	94.7	95.1
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	32,000	42,000	25,800	32,000	42,000	25,800
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	8,110	4,125	3,985	80.9	84.8	77.3
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	32,400	45,600	24,400	32,400	45,600	24,400
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	6,670	3,485	3,190	66.6	71.6	61.9
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	34,800	51,200	25,800	34,800	51,200	25,800
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	7,025	3,050	3,975	70.1	62.7	77.1
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	10,500	11,600	10,200	10,500	11,600	10,200
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	975	495	480	9.7	10.2	9.3
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	5,600	6,280	4,960	5,600	6,280	4,960
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	10,100	4,895	5,205	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	9,570	4,630	4,940	94.8	94.6	94.9
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	46,880	59,400	35,160	46,880	59,400	35,160
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	9,610	4,630	4,980	95.1	94.6	95.7
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	39,720	48,920	31,160	39,720	48,920	31,160
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	8,195	4,140	4,065	81.1	84.6	78.1
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	45,040	57,950	31,880	45,040	57,950	31,880
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	6,740	3,490	3,250	66.7	71.3	62.4
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	46,000	58,700	32,320	46,000	58,700	32,320
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	7,120	3,065	4,055	70.5	62.6	77.9
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	11,170	11,480	10,940	11,170	11,480	10,940
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	1,050	515	535	10.4	10.5	10.3
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	8,040	8,280	7,800	8,040	8,280	7,800
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	10,100	4,895	5,205	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	2,480	1,420	1,060	24.6	29.0	20.4
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	66,500	81,000	46,400	66,500	81,000	46,400
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	72,100	87,300	51,700	72,100	87,300	51,700
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	2,645	1,250	1,395	26.2	25.5	26.8
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	25,600	39,200	22,400	25,600	39,200	22,400
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	36,320	46,100	27,600	36,320	46,100	27,600
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	82.2	87.2	74.4	82.2	87.2	74.4
Employment income (%)	69.0	74.6	60.4	69.0	74.6	60.4
Government transfers (%)	17.7	12.8	25.5	17.7	12.8	25.5
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.9	1.6	2.4	1.9	1.6	2.4
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	5,500	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	68,500	...	...	68,500	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	62,400	...	...	62,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	1,950	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	36,000	...	...	36,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	34,000	...	...	34,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	3,550	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	91,000	...	...	91,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	83,000	...	...	83,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	5,540	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	84,100	...	...	84,100	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	73,400	...	...	73,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	1,940	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	46,040	...	...	46,040	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	40,600	...	...	40,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	3,595	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	104,600	...	...	104,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	91,100	...	...	91,100	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	5,500	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	30	...	...	0.5	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	30	...	...	0.5	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	50	...	...	0.9	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	165	...	...	3.0	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	335	...	...	6.1	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	235	...	...	4.3	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	275	...	...	5.0	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	290	...	...	5.3	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	270	...	...	4.9	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	250	...	...	4.5	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	470	...	...	8.5	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	400	...	...	7.3	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	355	...	...	6.5	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	330	...	...	6.0	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	245	...	...	4.5	...	...
$100,000 and over	1,755	...	...	31.9	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	605	...	...	11.0	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	450	...	...	8.2	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	460	...	...	8.4	...	...
$200,000 and over	240	...	...	4.4	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	5,500	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	40	...	...	0.7	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	30	...	...	0.5	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	55	...	...	1.0	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	175	...	...	3.2	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	350	...	...	6.4	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	280	...	...	5.1	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	325	...	...	5.9	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	300	...	...	5.5	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	280	...	...	5.1	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	285	...	...	5.2	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	520	...	...	9.5	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	460	...	...	8.4	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	405	...	...	7.4	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	355	...	...	6.5	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	315	...	...	5.7	...	...
$100,000 and over	1,340	...	...	24.4	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	610	...	...	11.1	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	360	...	...	6.5	...	...
$150,000 and over	370	...	...	6.7	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	3,355	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	91,000	...	...	91,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	83,000	...	...	83,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.8	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	1,490	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	85,000	...	...	85,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	76,000	...	...	76,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	1,085	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	127,000	...	...	127,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	109,000	...	...	109,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	4.0	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	670	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	60,800	...	...	60,800	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	56,800	...	...	56,800	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	2,525	1,225	1,295	...	...	...
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	34,800	39,200	31,400	34,800	39,200	31,400
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	32,400	36,000	29,600	32,400	36,000	29,600
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	3,390	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	103,800	...	...	103,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	90,100	...	...	90,100	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,535	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	96,600	...	...	96,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	83,800	...	...	83,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,085	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	133,600	...	...	133,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	114,000	...	...	114,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	680	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	70,400	...	...	70,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	64,600	...	...	64,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	2,550	1,195	1,355	...	...	...
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	44,560	51,500	38,520	44,560	51,500	38,520
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	39,480	44,300	35,320	39,480	44,300	35,320
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	11,900	5,835	6,065	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	2,305	1,175	1,125	19.4	20.1	18.5
0 to 5 years	670	350	320	5.6	6.0	5.3
18 to 64 years	6,995	3,470	3,525	58.8	59.5	58.1
65 years and over	2,600	1,185	1,415	21.8	20.3	23.3
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	1,655	710	945	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	365	185	180	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	130	70	65	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	815	370	450	...	...	...
65 years and over	470	160	320	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	13.9	12.1	15.6	13.9	12.1	15.6
0 to 17 years (%)	15.8	15.5	16.0	15.8	15.5	16.0
0 to 5 years (%)	19.2	19.0	19.5	19.2	19.0	19.5
18 to 64 years (%)	11.7	10.6	12.8	11.7	10.6	12.8
65 years and over (%)	18.2	13.2	22.4	18.2	13.2	22.4
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	11,830	5,810	6,020	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	2,275	1,170	1,105	19.2	20.1	18.4
0 to 5 years	650	345	305	5.5	5.9	5.1
18 to 64 years	6,955	3,450	3,505	58.8	59.4	58.2
65 years and over	2,595	1,180	1,410	21.9	20.3	23.4
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	285	135	150	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	45	20	20	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	10	5	5	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	200	100	105	...	...	...
65 years and over	40	15	25	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	2.4	2.3	2.5	2.4	2.3	2.5
0 to 17 years (%)	2.0	2.0	1.9	2.0	2.0	1.9
0 to 5 years (%)	1.8	1.6	2.5	1.8	1.6	2.5
18 to 64 years (%)	2.9	2.9	2.9	2.9	2.9	2.9
65 years and over (%)	1.5	1.0	1.8	1.5	1.0	1.8
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	11,900	5,835	6,065	100.0	100.0	100.0
In bottom half of the distribution	6,815	3,185	3,625	57.3	54.6	59.8
In bottom decile	1,540	670	865	12.9	11.5	14.3
In second decile	1,470	650	820	12.4	11.1	13.5
In third decile	1,450	705	740	12.2	12.1	12.2
In fourth decile	1,200	585	610	10.1	10.0	10.1
In fifth decile	1,165	580	585	9.8	9.9	9.6
In top half of the distribution	5,085	2,645	2,440	42.7	45.3	40.2
In sixth decile	1,180	575	600	9.9	9.9	9.9
In seventh decile	1,090	580	510	9.2	9.9	8.4
In eighth decile	1,065	565	500	8.9	9.7	8.2
In ninth decile	1,015	530	485	8.5	9.1	8.0
In top decile	740	395	345	6.2	6.8	5.7
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	11,900	...	...	11,900	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.308	...	...	0.308	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.462	...	...	0.462	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.274	...	...	0.274	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.8	...	...	3.8	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	11,990	5,875	6,115	100.0	100.0	100.0
English only	11,575	5,685	5,890	96.5	96.8	96.3
French only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and French	375	170	205	3.1	2.9	3.4
Neither English nor French	40	10	25	0.3	0.2	0.4
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	11,990	5,875	6,115	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	11,860	5,810	6,050	98.9	98.9	98.9
French	90	45	45	0.8	0.8	0.7
English and French	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Neither English nor French	30	10	20	0.3	0.2	0.3
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	11,990	5,875	6,115	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	11,850	5,800	6,045	98.8	98.7	98.9
Official languages	11,115	5,495	5,625	92.7	93.5	92.0
English	11,015	5,440	5,575	91.9	92.6	91.2
French	105	55	50	0.9	0.9	0.8
Non-official languages	725	310	420	6.0	5.3	6.9
Indigenous languages³⁹	35	10	25	0.3	0.2	0.4
Algonquian languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	25	5	20	0.2	0.1	0.3
Northern Athabaskan languages	25	5	15	0.2	0.1	0.2
Dakelh (Carrier)	15	5	15	0.1	0.1	0.2
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	695	295	395	5.8	5.0	6.5
Afro-Asiatic languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	105	35	75	0.9	0.6	1.2
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	85	25	60	0.7	0.4	1.0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	10	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Telugu	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	495	220	275	4.1	3.7	4.5
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	50	15	30	0.4	0.3	0.5
Baltic languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	50	15	35	0.4	0.3	0.6
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Russian	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Bosnian	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Croatian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Ukrainian	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	140	50	85	1.2	0.9	1.4
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	85	25	60	0.7	0.4	1.0
German	80	25	55	0.7	0.4	0.9
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	40	25	20	0.3	0.4	0.3
Afrikaans	15	10	5	0.1	0.2	0.1
Dutch	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	15	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.2
Danish	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Swedish	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	220	120	100	1.8	2.0	1.6
Indo-Aryan languages	215	115	100	1.8	2.0	1.6
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	20	15	5	0.2	0.3	0.1
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	190	95	95	1.6	1.6	1.6
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	85	30	55	0.7	0.5	0.9
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	45	15	25	0.4	0.3	0.4
Portuguese	25	10	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Romanian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	15	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.2
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Korean	15	10	5	0.1	0.2	0.1
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
American Sign Language	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	40	20	25	0.3	0.3	0.4
Chinese languages	40	20	20	0.3	0.3	0.3
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Chinese, n.o.s.	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Hungarian	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	140	70	70	1.2	1.2	1.1
English and French	30	20	15	0.3	0.3	0.2
English and non-official language(s)	100	50	45	0.8	0.9	0.7
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	11,990	5,875	6,115	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	11,245	5,520	5,730	93.8	94.0	93.7
French	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Non-official language	150	75	70	1.3	1.3	1.1
Indigenous³⁹	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Non-Indigenous	145	75	70	1.2	1.3	1.1
English and French	45	25	20	0.4	0.4	0.3
English and non-official language(s)	515	245	270	4.3	4.2	4.4
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	20	5	10	0.2	0.1	0.2
Multiple non-official languages	15	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.2
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	11,990	5,875	6,115	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	11,890	5,825	6,065	99.2	99.1	99.2
Official languages	11,565	5,660	5,905	96.5	96.3	96.6
English	11,565	5,660	5,900	96.5	96.3	96.5
French	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Non-official languages	320	160	160	2.7	2.7	2.6
Indigenous languages³⁹	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Algonquian languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	320	160	160	2.7	2.7	2.6
Afro-Asiatic languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	45	25	25	0.4	0.4	0.4
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	40	20	20	0.3	0.3	0.3
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Telugu	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	205	105	100	1.7	1.8	1.6
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	25	15	10	0.2	0.3	0.2
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
German	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	15	10	5	0.1	0.2	0.1
Afrikaans	15	10	5	0.1	0.2	0.1
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	155	85	70	1.3	1.4	1.1
Indo-Aryan languages	155	80	70	1.3	1.4	1.1
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	145	80	70	1.2	1.4	1.1
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	25	5	15	0.2	0.1	0.2
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Portuguese	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Korean	15	10	10	0.1	0.2	0.2
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	25	15	15	0.2	0.3	0.2
Chinese languages	25	15	15	0.2	0.3	0.2
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	15	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	100	45	50	0.8	0.8	0.8
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	100	45	50	0.8	0.8	0.8
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	11,990	5,875	6,115	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	11,480	5,630	5,845	95.7	95.8	95.6
English	140	70	75	1.2	1.2	1.2
French	45	25	20	0.4	0.4	0.3
Non-official language	260	115	145	2.2	2.0	2.4
Indigenous³⁹	30	15	20	0.3	0.3	0.3
Non-Indigenous	230	105	125	1.9	1.8	2.0
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	20	15	5	0.2	0.3	0.1
French and non-official language(s)	15	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.2
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	30	10	20	0.3	0.2	0.3
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	12,035	5,875	6,160	100.0	100.0	100.0
Official languages	11,990	5,860	6,130	99.6	99.7	99.5
English	11,990	5,860	6,130	99.6	99.7	99.5
French	395	160	235	3.3	2.7	3.8
Non-official languages	1,075	450	625	8.9	7.7	10.1
Indigenous languages³⁹	110	50	60	0.9	0.9	1.0
Algonquian languages	15	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	15	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	15	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	90	40	50	0.7	0.7	0.8
Northern Athabaskan languages	90	40	50	0.7	0.7	0.8
Dakelh (Carrier)	65	30	35	0.5	0.5	0.6
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	25	10	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	975	400	575	8.1	6.8	9.3
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	110	30	80	0.9	0.5	1.3
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	105	30	75	0.9	0.5	1.2
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	15	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	710	310	400	5.9	5.3	6.5
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	60	20	45	0.5	0.3	0.7
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	60	20	40	0.5	0.3	0.6
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	20	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.2
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	15	10	10	0.1	0.2	0.2
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	15	10	10	0.1	0.2	0.2
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	15	10	10	0.1	0.2	0.2
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	225	90	135	1.9	1.5	2.2
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	150	55	95	1.2	0.9	1.5
German	140	50	90	1.2	0.9	1.5
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	65	30	35	0.5	0.5	0.6
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	55	30	25	0.5	0.5	0.4
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Danish	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	230	115	110	1.9	2.0	1.8
Indo-Aryan languages	230	115	110	1.9	2.0	1.8
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	110	55	55	0.9	0.9	0.9
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	200	95	105	1.7	1.6	1.7
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	210	90	120	1.7	1.5	1.9
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	60	20	40	0.5	0.3	0.6
Portuguese	25	15	15	0.2	0.3	0.2
Romanian	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Spanish	120	50	65	1.0	0.9	1.1
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	25	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.2
Korean	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	25	10	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
American Sign Language	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	60	20	40	0.5	0.3	0.6
Chinese languages	60	20	40	0.5	0.3	0.6
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	25	10	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	25	10	20	0.2	0.2	0.3
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	12,035	5,870	6,165	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	1,800	850	950	15.0	14.5	15.4
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	1,695	820	875	14.1	14.0	14.2
First Nations (North American Indian)	1,045	515	525	8.7	8.8	8.5
Métis	650	305	350	5.4	5.2	5.7
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	70	25	45	0.6	0.4	0.7
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	30	0	30	0.2	0.0	0.5
Non-Indigenous identity	10,235	5,020	5,210	85.0	85.5	84.5
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	12,035	5,870	6,165	100.0	100.0	100.0
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	640	290	350	5.3	4.9	5.7
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	11,390	5,580	5,810	94.6	95.1	94.2
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	5,540	...	...	100.0	...	...
Owner	3,685	...	...	66.5	...	...
Renter	1,835	...	...	33.1	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	20	...	...	0.4	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	5,540	...	...	100.0	...	...
Condominium	185	...	...	3.3	...	...
Not condominium	5,350	...	...	96.6	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	5,540	...	...	100.0	...	...
No bedrooms	30	...	...	0.5	...	...
1 bedroom	605	...	...	10.9	...	...
2 bedrooms	1,565	...	...	28.2	...	...
3 bedrooms	1,645	...	...	29.7	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	1,685	...	...	30.4	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	5,540	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	1,475	...	...	26.6	...	...
5 rooms	840	...	...	15.2	...	...
6 rooms	845	...	...	15.3	...	...
7 rooms	560	...	...	10.1	...	...
8 or more rooms	1,820	...	...	32.9	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.5	...	...	6.5	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	5,540	...	...	100.0	...	...
One person or fewer per room	5,490	...	...	99.1	...	...
More than one person per room	45	...	...	0.8	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	5,540	...	...	100.0	...	...
Suitable	5,365	...	...	96.8	...	...
Not suitable	170	...	...	3.1	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	5,540	...	...	100.0	...	...
1960 or before	815	...	...	14.7	...	...
1961 to 1980	2,690	...	...	48.6	...	...
1981 to 1990	685	...	...	12.4	...	...
1991 to 2000	865	...	...	15.6	...	...
2001 to 2005	110	...	...	2.0	...	...
2006 to 2010	135	...	...	2.4	...	...
2011 to 2015	100	...	...	1.8	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	140	...	...	2.5	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	5,540	...	...	100.0	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	5,000	...	...	90.3	...	...
Major repairs needed	535	...	...	9.7	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	5,540	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-maintainer household	3,325	...	...	60.0	...	...
Two-maintainer household	2,020	...	...	36.5	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	195	...	...	3.5	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	5,540	...	...	100.0	...	...
15 to 24 years	205	...	...	3.7	...	...
25 to 34 years	650	...	...	11.7	...	...
35 to 44 years	840	...	...	15.2	...	...
45 to 54 years	865	...	...	15.6	...	...
55 to 64 years	1,115	...	...	20.1	...	...
65 to 74 years	1,005	...	...	18.1	...	...
75 to 84 years	645	...	...	11.6	...	...
85 years and over	215	...	...	3.9	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	5,510	...	...	100.0	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	4,715	...	...	85.6	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	795	...	...	14.4	...	...
30% to less than 100%	755	...	...	13.7	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	5,540	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	1,365	...	...	24.6	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	685	...	...	12.4	...	...
Not suitable only	135	...	...	2.4	...	...
Major repairs needed only	410	...	...	7.4	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	10	...	...	0.2	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	100	...	...	1.8	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	25	...	...	0.5	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Acceptable housing	4,175	...	...	75.4	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	5,465	...	...	100.0	...	...
In core need	385	...	...	7.0	...	...
Not in core need	5,085	...	...	93.0	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	3,680	...	...	...	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	53.4	...	...	53.4	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	7.3	...	...	7.3	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	1.9	...	...	1.9	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	715	...	...	715	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	913	...	...	913	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	300,000	...	...	300,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	301,200	...	...	301,200	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	1,825	...	...	...	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	15.6	...	...	15.6	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	28.8	...	...	28.8	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	17.4	...	...	17.4	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	840	...	...	840	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	878	...	...	878	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	20	...	...	...	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	0.0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	x	...	...	x	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	400	...	...	400	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	12,035	5,875	6,160	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	830	380	450	6.9	6.5	7.3
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	825	380	450	6.9	6.5	7.3
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	645	305	340	5.4	5.2	5.5
Métis single ancestry	180	75	105	1.5	1.3	1.7
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	1,125	545	575	9.3	9.3	9.3
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	1,090	535	555	9.1	9.1	9.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	805	370	435	6.7	6.3	7.1
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	285	165	120	2.4	2.8	1.9
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	35	15	20	0.3	0.3	0.3
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	30	10	20	0.2	0.2	0.3
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	10,080	4,945	5,130	83.8	84.2	83.3
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	12,035	5,875	6,160	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	11,720	5,760	5,960	97.4	98.0	96.8
Canadian citizens aged under 18	2,350	1,190	1,155	19.5	20.3	18.8
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	9,370	4,570	4,805	77.9	77.8	78.0
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	310	110	195	2.6	1.9	3.2
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	12,035	5,875	6,160	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	11,040	5,455	5,590	91.7	92.9	90.7
Immigrants⁸¹	910	385	520	7.6	6.6	8.4
Before 1980	450	220	230	3.7	3.7	3.7
1980 to 1990	75	20	50	0.6	0.3	0.8
1991 to 2000	85	30	50	0.7	0.5	0.8
2001 to 2010	140	50	90	1.2	0.9	1.5
2011 to 2021⁸²	160	60	95	1.3	1.0	1.5
2011 to 2015	60	15	45	0.5	0.3	0.7
2016 to 2021	100	50	55	0.8	0.9	0.9
Non-permanent residents⁸³	85	30	50	0.7	0.5	0.8
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	910	390	520	100.0	100.0	100.0
Under 5 years	85	45	45	9.3	11.5	8.7
5 to 14 years	195	95	105	21.4	24.4	20.2
15 to 24 years	245	110	130	26.9	28.2	25.0
25 to 44 years	340	145	200	37.4	37.2	38.5
45 years and over	35	0	30	3.8	0.0	5.8
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	910	390	520	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	165	65	100	18.1	16.7	19.2
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
El Salvador	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyana	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	125	55	70	13.7	14.1	13.5
Other places of birth in Americas	25	10	20	2.7	2.6	3.8
Europe	380	160	220	41.8	41.0	42.3
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germany	75	25	50	8.2	6.4	9.6
Greece	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	25	10	10	2.7	2.6	1.9
Netherlands	25	15	10	2.7	3.8	1.9
Poland	10	0	10	1.1	0.0	1.9
Portugal	20	10	10	2.2	2.6	1.9
Romania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	155	65	90	17.0	16.7	17.3
Other places of birth in Europe	50	25	25	5.5	6.4	4.8
Africa	35	20	20	3.8	5.1	3.8
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	20	10	10	2.2	2.6	1.9
Other places of birth in Africa	10	0	10	1.1	0.0	1.9
Asia	300	130	165	33.0	33.3	31.7
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	35	15	15	3.8	3.8	2.9
Hong Kong⁹¹	10	0	0	1.1	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	130	40	85	14.3	10.3	16.3
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	105	60	40	11.5	15.4	7.7
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	15	0	10	1.6	0.0	1.9
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	25	15	10	2.7	3.8	1.9
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	100	50	55	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	10	0	0	10.0	0.0	0.0
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Europe	20	10	10	20.0	20.0	18.2
France	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	10	10	0	10.0	20.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Africa	15	10	10	15.0	20.0	18.2
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	15	10	10	15.0	20.0	18.2
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asia	55	30	30	55.0	60.0	54.5
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	30	20	10	30.0	40.0	18.2
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	20	10	10	20.0	20.0	18.2
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	12,035	5,870	6,165	100.0	100.0	100.0
First generation¹⁰⁰	1,080	480	605	9.0	8.2	9.8
Second generation¹⁰¹	1,710	820	890	14.2	14.0	14.4
Third generation or more¹⁰²	9,245	4,575	4,670	76.8	77.9	75.8
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	455	165	290	100.0	100.0	100.0
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	240	105	140	52.7	63.6	48.3
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	125	60	65	27.5	36.4	22.4
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	120	45	80	26.4	27.3	27.6
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	190	50	140	41.8	30.3	48.3
Refugees¹⁰⁸	10	0	0	2.2	0.0	0.0
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	15	0	10	3.3	0.0	3.4
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	455	165	290	100.0	100.0	100.0
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	10	10	0	2.2	6.1	0.0
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	80	15	65	17.6	9.1	22.4
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	10	0	10	2.2	0.0	3.4
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	45	30	15	9.9	18.2	5.2
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	300	105	200	65.9	63.6	69.0
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	12,035	5,870	6,165	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	730	335	400	6.1	5.7	6.5
South Asian	245	130	125	2.0	2.2	2.0
Chinese	80	35	40	0.7	0.6	0.6
Black	50	25	30	0.4	0.4	0.5
Filipino	190	85	105	1.6	1.4	1.7
Arab	30	15	15	0.2	0.3	0.2
Latin American	45	10	30	0.4	0.2	0.5
Southeast Asian	20	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.2
West Asian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	15	10	10	0.1	0.2	0.2
Japanese	20	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.2
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Multiple visible minorities	15	10	10	0.1	0.2	0.2
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	11,305	5,545	5,765	93.9	94.5	93.5
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	12,030	5,875	6,160	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian	1,770	915	855	14.7	15.6	13.9
English	3,320	1,520	1,795	27.6	25.9	29.1
Irish	2,105	945	1,165	17.5	16.1	18.9
Scottish	2,665	1,225	1,445	22.2	20.9	23.5
French, n.o.s.¹²²	1,215	585	635	10.1	10.0	10.3
German	2,150	1,045	1,100	17.9	17.8	17.9
Chinese	85	35	50	0.7	0.6	0.8
Italian	295	140	155	2.5	2.4	2.5
Indian (India)	145	75	70	1.2	1.3	1.1
Ukrainian	625	335	295	5.2	5.7	4.8
Dutch	650	300	350	5.4	5.1	5.7
Polish	355	135	215	3.0	2.3	3.5
Québécois	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	570	335	235	4.7	5.7	3.8
Filipino	195	80	115	1.6	1.4	1.9
French Canadian	100	55	40	0.8	0.9	0.6
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	295	140	155	2.5	2.4	2.5
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	710	340	375	5.9	5.8	6.1
Métis	500	250	250	4.2	4.3	4.1
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	240	125	115	2.0	2.1	1.9
Russian	360	190	170	3.0	3.2	2.8
Norwegian	630	300	325	5.2	5.1	5.3
Welsh	280	140	135	2.3	2.4	2.2
Portuguese	75	40	35	0.6	0.7	0.6
American	310	145	165	2.6	2.5	2.7
Spanish	85	45	40	0.7	0.8	0.6
Swedish	580	225	350	4.8	3.8	5.7
Hungarian	110	55	60	0.9	0.9	1.0
Acadian	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Pakistani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	25	15	10	0.2	0.3	0.2
Jewish	35	15	25	0.3	0.3	0.4
Punjabi	30	10	20	0.2	0.2	0.3
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	45	20	30	0.4	0.3	0.5
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	275	130	150	2.3	2.2	2.4
Korean	15	10	10	0.1	0.2	0.2
Romanian	65	25	35	0.5	0.4	0.6
Lebanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	215	105	115	1.8	1.8	1.9
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	140	45	105	1.2	0.8	1.7
Sikh	80	35	45	0.7	0.6	0.7
Austrian	160	90	70	1.3	1.5	1.1
Belgian	35	20	15	0.3	0.3	0.2
Haitian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindu	40	20	15	0.3	0.3	0.2
Mexican	25	10	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Mennonite	30	20	15	0.2	0.3	0.2
Swiss	115	50	65	1.0	0.9	1.1
Finnish	85	35	50	0.7	0.6	0.8
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	15	10	10	0.1	0.2	0.2
Japanese	35	15	15	0.3	0.3	0.2
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	170	45	130	1.4	0.8	2.1
Muslim	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egyptian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	45	25	25	0.4	0.4	0.4
Colombian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moroccan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	25	10	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Syrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afghan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway	15	10	10	0.1	0.2	0.2
Newfoundlander	45	20	25	0.4	0.3	0.4
Hong Konger	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigerian	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	30	0	25	0.2	0.0	0.4
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	30	10	20	0.2	0.2	0.3
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquin	15	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	30	10	20	0.2	0.2	0.3
South African	15	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Australian	35	10	25	0.3	0.2	0.4
Palestinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chilean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congolese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nova Scotian	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peruvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovenian	20	10	0	0.2	0.2	0.0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	35	25	10	0.3	0.4	0.2
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Canadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israeli	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	35	25	10	0.3	0.4	0.2
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	15	10	10	0.1	0.2	0.2
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albertan	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African American	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	20	15	10	0.2	0.3	0.2
Tunisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Laotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	20	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.2
British Columbian	60	20	30	0.5	0.3	0.5
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jatt	20	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.2
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dominican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Abenaki	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Zealander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Breton	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania Dutch	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
Malaysian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saskatchewanian	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Buddhist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gaspesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norman	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Manitoban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Honduran	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cherokee	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Flemish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Goan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamileke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Libyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Basque	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igorot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guinean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maliseet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Beninese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Roma	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tajik	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amhara	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	12,035	5,870	6,160	100.0	100.0	100.0
Buddhist	20	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.2
Christian	4,030	1,760	2,275	33.5	30.0	36.9
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	1,070	500	575	8.9	8.5	9.3
Anabaptist	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Anglican	335	165	175	2.8	2.8	2.8
Baptist	170	35	135	1.4	0.6	2.2
Catholic	1,090	505	590	9.1	8.6	9.6
Christian Orthodox	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jehovah's Witness	150	55	95	1.2	0.9	1.5
Latter Day Saints	80	40	35	0.7	0.7	0.6
Lutheran	115	40	70	1.0	0.7	1.1
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	30	0	30	0.2	0.0	0.5
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	115	50	65	1.0	0.9	1.1
Presbyterian	50	20	30	0.4	0.3	0.5
Reformed	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Church	400	170	235	3.3	2.9	3.8
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	400	175	225	3.3	3.0	3.7
Hindu	60	40	25	0.5	0.7	0.4
Jewish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Muslim	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sikh	150	70	80	1.2	1.2	1.3
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	60	20	40	0.5	0.3	0.6
Other religions and spiritual traditions	125	50	75	1.0	0.9	1.2
No religion and secular perspectives	7,555	3,930	3,630	62.8	67.0	58.9
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	11,945	5,835	6,105	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	10,530	5,175	5,355	88.2	88.7	87.7
Movers	1,415	660	755	11.8	11.3	12.4
Non-migrants	980	455	525	8.2	7.8	8.6
Migrants	430	200	230	3.6	3.4	3.8
Internal migrants	415	195	220	3.5	3.3	3.6
Intraprovincial migrants	315	130	185	2.6	2.2	3.0
Interprovincial migrants	105	60	40	0.9	1.0	0.7
External migrants	15	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	11,545	5,655	5,890	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	6,415	3,245	3,170	55.6	57.4	53.8
Movers	5,130	2,415	2,720	44.4	42.7	46.2
Non-migrants	1,945	900	1,045	16.8	15.9	17.7
Migrants	3,185	1,510	1,675	27.6	26.7	28.4
Internal migrants	3,040	1,450	1,590	26.3	25.6	27.0
Intraprovincial migrants	2,685	1,270	1,415	23.3	22.5	24.0
Interprovincial migrants	355	180	175	3.1	3.2	3.0
External migrants	145	60	85	1.3	1.1	1.4
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	10,100	4,890	5,205	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	2,845	1,490	1,355	28.2	30.5	26.0
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	7,255	3,400	3,850	71.8	69.5	74.0
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	6,075	2,955	3,120	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	1,220	680	540	20.1	23.0	17.3
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	4,855	2,275	2,580	79.9	77.0	82.7
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	10,095	4,895	5,205	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	2,530	1,305	1,230	25.1	26.7	23.6
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	3,370	1,600	1,770	33.4	32.7	34.0
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	4,195	1,985	2,210	41.6	40.6	42.5
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	3,120	1,600	1,525	30.9	32.7	29.3
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	1,060	850	210	10.5	17.4	4.0
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	415	275	140	4.1	5.6	2.7
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	655	580	70	6.5	11.8	1.3
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	1,780	625	1,155	17.6	12.8	22.2
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	270	120	155	2.7	2.5	3.0
Bachelor's degree or higher	1,075	390	685	10.6	8.0	13.2
Bachelor's degree	765	280	485	7.6	5.7	9.3
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	95	20	75	0.9	0.4	1.4
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	25	10	20	0.2	0.2	0.4
Master's degree	195	80	110	1.9	1.6	2.1
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	6,080	2,950	3,125	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	1,085	610	480	17.8	20.7	15.4
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	2,025	980	1,045	33.3	33.2	33.4
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,970	1,370	1,600	48.8	46.4	51.2
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	2,120	1,075	1,050	34.9	36.4	33.6
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	680	545	130	11.2	18.5	4.2
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	255	170	80	4.2	5.8	2.6
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	430	380	50	7.1	12.9	1.6
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	1,255	455	800	20.6	15.4	25.6
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	185	70	115	3.0	2.4	3.7
Bachelor's degree or higher	845	295	550	13.9	10.0	17.6
Bachelor's degree	600	215	385	9.9	7.3	12.3
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	80	15	65	1.3	0.5	2.1
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	15	10	10	0.2	0.3	0.3
Master's degree	145	55	90	2.4	1.9	2.9
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	10,100	4,895	5,205	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	5,905	2,910	2,995	58.5	59.4	57.5
Education	365	65	305	3.6	1.3	5.9
13. Education	365	65	305	3.6	1.3	5.9
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	65	30	30	0.6	0.6	0.6
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	15	15	0	0.1	0.3	0.0
50. Visual and performing arts	50	15	30	0.5	0.3	0.6
Humanities	160	60	100	1.6	1.2	1.9
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
23. English language and literature/letters	45	15	30	0.4	0.3	0.6
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	55	15	40	0.5	0.3	0.8
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
39. Theology and religious vocations	45	30	15	0.4	0.6	0.3
54. History	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	255	85	175	2.5	1.7	3.4
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	75	15	65	0.7	0.3	1.2
22. Legal professions and studies	30	10	20	0.3	0.2	0.4
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
42. Psychology	60	25	35	0.6	0.5	0.7
45. Social sciences	60	25	35	0.6	0.5	0.7
Business, management and public administration	720	175	545	7.1	3.6	10.5
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	145	10	135	1.4	0.2	2.6
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	575	160	415	5.7	3.3	8.0
Physical and life sciences and technologies	65	30	35	0.6	0.6	0.7
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	20	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.3
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	35	15	15	0.3	0.3	0.3
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
40. Physical sciences	15	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	95	60	35	0.9	1.2	0.7
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	80	55	25	0.8	1.1	0.5
25. Library science	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	1,210	1,120	85	12.0	22.9	1.6
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
14. Engineering	95	85	10	0.9	1.7	0.2
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	225	190	35	2.2	3.9	0.7
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	360	345	15	3.6	7.0	0.3
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	315	295	15	3.1	6.0	0.3
48. Precision production	215	205	15	2.1	4.2	0.3
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	165	115	50	1.6	2.3	1.0
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	35	20	20	0.3	0.4	0.4
03. Natural resources and conservation	130	100	35	1.3	2.0	0.7
Health and related fields	810	100	715	8.0	2.0	13.7
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	30	0	20	0.3	0.0	0.4
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	775	85	695	7.7	1.7	13.4
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Personal, protective and transportation services	275	155	120	2.7	3.2	2.3
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	165	50	120	1.6	1.0	2.3
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	50	50	0	0.5	1.0	0.0
49. Transportation and materials moving	55	50	0	0.5	1.0	0.0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	6,080	2,955	3,125	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	3,110	1,585	1,525	51.2	53.6	48.8
Education	245	40	205	4.0	1.4	6.6
13. Education	245	40	205	4.0	1.4	6.6
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	50	20	30	0.8	0.7	1.0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
50. Visual and performing arts	45	15	30	0.7	0.5	1.0
Humanities	110	30	80	1.8	1.0	2.6
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
23. English language and literature/letters	35	10	30	0.6	0.3	1.0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	35	10	30	0.6	0.3	1.0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
39. Theology and religious vocations	20	15	10	0.3	0.5	0.3
54. History	15	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	180	50	135	3.0	1.7	4.3
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	15	10	10	0.2	0.3	0.3
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	60	10	50	1.0	0.3	1.6
22. Legal professions and studies	25	10	20	0.4	0.3	0.6
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
42. Psychology	30	0	30	0.5	0.0	1.0
45. Social sciences	40	15	25	0.7	0.5	0.8
Business, management and public administration	525	115	410	8.6	3.9	13.1
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	105	0	100	1.7	0.0	3.2
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	415	115	305	6.8	3.9	9.8
Physical and life sciences and technologies	40	15	25	0.7	0.5	0.8
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	10	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.3
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	20	0	10	0.3	0.0	0.3
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	80	50	25	1.3	1.7	0.8
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	65	50	15	1.1	1.7	0.5
25. Library science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	825	755	70	13.6	25.5	2.2
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
14. Engineering	80	75	0	1.3	2.5	0.0
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	180	145	30	3.0	4.9	1.0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	230	220	0	3.8	7.4	0.0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	200	190	10	3.3	6.4	0.3
48. Precision production	135	120	15	2.2	4.1	0.5
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	135	95	40	2.2	3.2	1.3
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	20	10	10	0.3	0.3	0.3
03. Natural resources and conservation	115	85	35	1.9	2.9	1.1
Health and related fields	575	70	505	9.5	2.4	16.2
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	25	0	20	0.4	0.0	0.6
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	540	60	480	8.9	2.0	15.4
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Personal, protective and transportation services	210	120	85	3.5	4.1	2.7
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	110	30	80	1.8	1.0	2.6
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	40	40	0	0.7	1.4	0.0
49. Transportation and materials moving	55	50	0	0.9	1.7	0.0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	6,080	2,955	3,125	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	3,110	1,585	1,525	51.2	53.6	48.8
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	2,970	1,370	1,600	48.8	46.4	51.2
Location of study inside Canada	2,740	1,300	1,440	45.1	44.0	46.1
Same as province or territory of residence	2,340	1,105	1,240	38.5	37.4	39.7
Different than province or territory of residence	395	195	195	6.5	6.6	6.2
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	230	65	165	3.8	2.2	5.3
Americas	40	20	25	0.7	0.7	0.8
United States of America	40	20	25	0.7	0.7	0.8
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Europe	60	15	45	1.0	0.5	1.4
Belgium	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germany	10	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.3
Netherlands	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Switzerland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	40	15	30	0.7	0.5	1.0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Europe	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Africa	15	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.3
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	15	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asia	100	25	75	1.6	0.8	2.4
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	10	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.3
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	50	15	35	0.8	0.5	1.1
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	30	10	25	0.5	0.3	0.8
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Zealand	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	10,100	4,895	5,205	...	...	...
In the labour force	5,490	2,870	2,620	...	...	...
Employed	4,915	2,530	2,390	...	...	...
Unemployed	570	345	235	...	...	...
Not in the labour force	4,615	2,030	2,585	...	...	...
Participation rate	54.4	58.6	50.3	54.4	58.6	50.3
Employment rate	48.7	51.7	45.9	48.7	51.7	45.9
Unemployment rate	10.4	12.0	9.0	10.4	12.0	9.0
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	10,100	4,895	5,205	100.0	100.0	100.0
Did not work¹⁸⁶	4,610	2,030	2,580	45.6	41.5	49.6
Worked	5,490	2,860	2,625	54.4	58.4	50.4
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	2,570	1,490	1,080	25.4	30.4	20.7
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	2,915	1,370	1,545	28.9	28.0	29.7
Average weeks worked in reference year	39.8	40.4	39.1	39.8	40.4	39.1
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	5,490	2,865	2,620	100.0	100.0	100.0
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	135	75	65	2.5	2.6	2.5
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	5,350	2,795	2,560	97.4	97.6	97.7
Employee	4,725	2,485	2,250	86.1	86.7	85.9
Permanent position	3,960	2,155	1,800	72.1	75.2	68.7
Temporary position	770	325	445	14.0	11.3	17.0
Fixed term (1 year or more)	165	75	95	3.0	2.6	3.6
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	605	250	355	11.0	8.7	13.5
Self-employed¹⁹²	620	310	310	11.3	10.8	11.8
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	5,490	2,865	2,620	100.0	100.0	100.0
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	135	75	65	2.5	2.6	2.5
All occupations¹⁹¹	5,350	2,795	2,560	97.4	97.6	97.7
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	25	0	20	0.5	0.0	0.8
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	580	110	470	10.6	3.8	17.9
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	225	170	50	4.1	5.9	1.9
3 Health occupations	395	65	330	7.2	2.3	12.6
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	755	170	590	13.8	5.9	22.5
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	85	30	60	1.5	1.0	2.3
6 Sales and service occupations	1,390	580	815	25.3	20.2	31.1
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	1,240	1,120	125	22.6	39.1	4.8
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	205	145	65	3.7	5.1	2.5
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	455	415	45	8.3	14.5	1.7
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	5,490	2,865	2,620	100.0	100.0	100.0
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	135	75	65	2.5	2.6	2.5
All industries¹⁹¹	5,350	2,795	2,560	97.4	97.6	97.7
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	175	115	60	3.2	4.0	2.3
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	125	105	20	2.3	3.7	0.8
22 Utilities	25	25	0	0.5	0.9	0.0
23 Construction	390	330	50	7.1	11.5	1.9
31-33 Manufacturing	935	795	145	17.0	27.7	5.5
41 Wholesale trade	70	45	30	1.3	1.6	1.1
44-45 Retail trade	710	350	360	12.9	12.2	13.7
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	240	170	70	4.4	5.9	2.7
51 Information and cultural industries	75	30	45	1.4	1.0	1.7
52 Finance and insurance	85	10	80	1.5	0.3	3.1
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	55	20	35	1.0	0.7	1.3
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	150	65	85	2.7	2.3	3.2
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	170	95	80	3.1	3.3	3.1
61 Educational services	410	70	340	7.5	2.4	13.0
62 Health care and social assistance	750	90	655	13.7	3.1	25.0
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	95	55	45	1.7	1.9	1.7
72 Accommodation and food services	440	180	260	8.0	6.3	9.9
81 Other services (except public administration)	245	130	105	4.5	4.5	4.0
91 Public administration	210	105	110	3.8	3.7	4.2
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	6,020	3,145	2,880	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	5,940	3,115	2,830	98.7	99.0	98.3
French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-official language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and French	35	15	20	0.6	0.5	0.7
English and non-official language(s)	40	10	25	0.7	0.3	0.9
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	6,020	3,145	2,880	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	6,020	3,140	2,880	100.0	99.8	100.0
Official languages	6,015	3,140	2,880	99.9	99.8	100.0
English	6,010	3,130	2,875	99.8	99.5	99.8
French	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
Non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	6,020	3,145	2,880	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	5,950	3,120	2,830	98.8	99.2	98.3
English	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
French	30	15	15	0.5	0.5	0.5
Non-official language	30	0	25	0.5	0.0	0.9
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	25	0	25	0.4	0.0	0.9
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	4,920	2,525	2,390	100.0	100.0	100.0
Worked at home	335	140	195	6.8	5.5	8.2
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
No fixed workplace address	650	440	205	13.2	17.4	8.6
Usual place of work	3,930	1,950	1,980	79.9	77.2	82.8
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	3,930	1,950	1,980	100.0	100.0	100.0
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	2,580	1,235	1,345	65.6	63.3	67.9
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	1,145	575	575	29.1	29.5	29.0
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	195	135	60	5.0	6.9	3.0
Commute to a different province or territory	10	10	0	0.3	0.5	0.0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	4,580	2,390	2,190	100.0	100.0	100.0
Car, truck or van	4,225	2,265	1,960	92.2	94.8	89.5
Car, truck or van - as a driver	3,905	2,130	1,780	85.3	89.1	81.3
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	315	135	180	6.9	5.6	8.2
Public transit	30	20	20	0.7	0.8	0.9
Walked	225	60	165	4.9	2.5	7.5
Bicycle	35	25	10	0.8	1.0	0.5
Other method	65	25	40	1.4	1.0	1.8
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	4,580	2,390	2,190	100.0	100.0	100.0
Less than 15 minutes	3,160	1,490	1,665	69.0	62.3	76.0
15 to 29 minutes	995	590	410	21.7	24.7	18.7
30 to 44 minutes	175	115	60	3.8	4.8	2.7
45 to 59 minutes	95	85	10	2.1	3.6	0.5
60 minutes and over	150	105	45	3.3	4.4	2.1
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	4,580	2,390	2,190	100.0	100.0	100.0
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	405	340	70	8.8	14.2	3.2
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	790	465	330	17.2	19.5	15.1
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	1,280	610	670	27.9	25.5	30.6
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	970	375	590	21.2	15.7	26.9
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	360	130	230	7.9	5.4	10.5
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	770	475	300	16.8	19.9	13.7
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	2,345	1,195	1,150	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	100	50	45	4.3	4.2	3.9
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	2,245	1,145	1,105	95.7	95.8	96.1
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	1,755	885	870	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	75	40	35	4.3	4.5	4.0
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	30	15	20	1.7	1.7	2.3
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	45	30	15	2.6	3.4	1.7
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	1,675	845	835	95.4	95.5	96.0

Symbol legend

...
not applicable
^r
revised
x
suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 30, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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