Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	Prince GeorgeMore information: British Columbia [Population centre]
	Counts			Rates
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	67,339	...	...	...	...	...
Population, 2016¹	66,315^r	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	1.5	...	...	1.5	...	...
Total private dwellings²	29,851	...	...	...	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	28,163	...	...	...	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	911.2	...	...	911.2	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	73.90	...	...	...	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	67,340	33,515	33,820	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	11,220	5,820	5,400	16.7	17.4	16.0
0 to 4 years	3,350	1,715	1,635	5.0	5.1	4.8
5 to 9 years	3,860	2,020	1,840	5.7	6.0	5.4
10 to 14 years	4,015	2,085	1,930	6.0	6.2	5.7
15 to 64 years	45,175	22,655	22,510	67.1	67.6	66.6
15 to 19 years	3,950	2,040	1,905	5.9	6.1	5.6
20 to 24 years	4,860	2,500	2,360	7.2	7.5	7.0
25 to 29 years	5,355	2,770	2,590	8.0	8.3	7.7
30 to 34 years	5,060	2,600	2,460	7.5	7.8	7.3
35 to 39 years	4,805	2,400	2,405	7.1	7.2	7.1
40 to 44 years	4,110	2,035	2,075	6.1	6.1	6.1
45 to 49 years	4,120	2,020	2,100	6.1	6.0	6.2
50 to 54 years	4,130	2,020	2,110	6.1	6.0	6.2
55 to 59 years	4,455	2,170	2,285	6.6	6.5	6.8
60 to 64 years	4,320	2,100	2,225	6.4	6.3	6.6
65 years and over	10,950	5,040	5,910	16.3	15.0	17.5
65 to 69 years	3,610	1,720	1,890	5.4	5.1	5.6
70 to 74 years	2,965	1,395	1,565	4.4	4.2	4.6
75 to 79 years	2,070	970	1,100	3.1	2.9	3.3
80 to 84 years	1,255	555	700	1.9	1.7	2.1
85 years and over	1,045	400	650	1.6	1.2	1.9
85 to 89 years	680	265	410	1.0	0.8	1.2
90 to 94 years	295	115	180	0.4	0.3	0.5
95 to 99 years	75	15	55	0.1	0.0	0.2
100 years and over	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	16.7	17.4	16.0	16.7	17.4	16.0
15 to 64 years	67.1	67.6	66.6	67.1	67.6	66.6
65 years and over	16.3	15.0	17.5	16.3	15.0	17.5
85 years and over	1.6	1.2	1.9	1.6	1.2	1.9
Average age of the population	39.9	39.0	40.8	39.9	39.0	40.8
Median age of the population	38.4	36.8	39.6	38.4	36.8	39.6
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	28,165	...	...	100.0	...	...
Single-detached house	15,920	...	...	56.5	...	...
Semi-detached house	1,280	...	...	4.5	...	...
Row house	1,775	...	...	6.3	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	2,335	...	...	8.3	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	4,710	...	...	16.7	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	570	...	...	2.0	...	...
Other single-attached house	20	...	...	0.1	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	1,545	...	...	5.5	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	28,160	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 person	8,610	...	...	30.6	...	...
2 persons	9,850	...	...	35.0	...	...
3 persons	4,230	...	...	15.0	...	...
4 persons	3,500	...	...	12.4	...	...
5 or more persons	1,975	...	...	7.0	...	...
Number of persons in private households	65,885	32,680	33,210	100.0	100.0	100.0
Average household size	2.3	...	...	2.3	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	56,115	27,700	28,420	100.0	100.0	100.0
Married or living common-law	29,480	14,715	14,770	52.5	53.1	52.0
Married	22,335	11,140	11,190	39.8	40.2	39.4
Living common-law	7,140	3,570	3,570	12.7	12.9	12.6
Living common law - Never married	5,440	2,730	2,710	9.7	9.9	9.5
Living common law - Separated	385	190	200	0.7	0.7	0.7
Living common law - Divorced	1,165	590	575	2.1	2.1	2.0
Living common law - Widowed	150	55	95	0.3	0.2	0.3
Not married and not living common-law	26,640	12,990	13,650	47.5	46.9	48.0
Not married and not living common law - Never married	17,850	9,955	7,895	31.8	35.9	27.8
Not married and not living common law - Separated	1,965	825	1,135	3.5	3.0	4.0
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	3,740	1,515	2,225	6.7	5.5	7.8
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	3,085	695	2,395	5.5	2.5	8.4
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	18,150	...	...	100.0	...	...
2 persons	10,020	...	...	55.2	...	...
3 persons	3,720	...	...	20.5	...	...
4 persons	3,145	...	...	17.3	...	...
5 or more persons	1,265	...	...	7.0	...	...
Average size of census families	2.8	...	...	2.8	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.7	...	...	1.7	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	18,145	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total couple families	14,425	...	...	79.5	...	...
Married couples	10,855	...	...	59.8	...	...
With children⁶	5,300	...	...	29.2	...	...
Without children	5,550	...	...	30.6	...	...
Common-law couples	3,575	...	...	19.7	...	...
With children⁶	1,355	...	...	7.5	...	...
Without children	2,220	...	...	12.2	...	...
Total one-parent families	3,720	...	...	20.5	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	2,860	...	...	15.8	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	860	...	...	4.7	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	65,885	32,680	33,210	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total - Persons in census families	50,535	24,915	25,620	76.7	76.2	77.1
Married spouses or common-law partners	28,855	14,405	14,450	43.8	44.1	43.5
Parents in one-parent families	3,720	860	2,860	5.6	2.6	8.6
Children⁶	17,960	9,655	8,310	27.3	29.5	25.0
In a two-parent family	12,195	6,510	5,685	18.5	19.9	17.1
In a one-parent family	5,765	3,145	2,620	8.8	9.6	7.9
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	15,350	7,760	7,595	23.3	23.7	22.9
Living alone	8,610	4,135	4,475	13.1	12.7	13.5
Living with other relatives⁷	1,970	935	1,035	3.0	2.9	3.1
Living with non-relatives only	4,775	2,690	2,085	7.2	8.2	6.3
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	28,160	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	15,535	...	...	55.2	...	...
Couple-family households	12,725	...	...	45.2	...	...
With children⁶	5,900	...	...	21.0	...	...
Without children	6,825	...	...	24.2	...	...
One-parent-family households	2,805	...	...	10.0	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	625	...	...	2.2	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	195	...	...	0.7	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	1,310	...	...	4.7	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	1,890	...	...	6.7	...	...
One-person households	8,610	...	...	30.6	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	54,745	26,920	27,830	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	53,055	26,090	26,965	96.9	96.9	96.9
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	44,400	52,800	38,400	44,400	52,800	38,400
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	53,085	26,100	26,980	97.0	97.0	96.9
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	40,400	46,800	35,200	40,400	46,800	35,200
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	47,025	23,670	23,355	85.9	87.9	83.9
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	39,600	50,000	31,400	39,600	50,000	31,400
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	39,345	20,195	19,150	71.9	75.0	68.8
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	43,600	54,800	34,800	43,600	54,800	34,800
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	44,080	20,300	23,785	80.5	75.4	85.5
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	9,600	8,800	10,400	9,600	8,800	10,400
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	6,075	3,015	3,060	11.1	11.2	11.0
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,560	5,520	5,560	5,560	5,520	5,560
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	13,655	6,565	7,095	24.9	24.4	25.5
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,500	7,000	8,000	7,500	7,000	8,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	54,460	26,825	27,635	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	52,775	25,965	26,815	96.9	96.8	97.0
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	54,200	63,700	45,040	54,200	63,700	45,040
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	52,795	25,975	26,820	96.9	96.8	97.1
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	46,320	53,150	39,720	46,320	53,150	39,720
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	46,895	23,800	23,105	86.1	88.7	83.6
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	50,440	60,550	40,040	50,440	60,550	40,040
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	39,205	20,360	18,845	72.0	75.9	68.2
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	51,500	61,100	41,200	51,500	61,100	41,200
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	43,920	20,265	23,660	80.6	75.5	85.6
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	11,290	10,480	11,980	11,290	10,480	11,980
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	6,060	3,010	3,050	11.1	11.2	11.0
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,880	6,460	7,290	6,880	6,460	7,290
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	13,530	6,440	7,085	24.8	24.0	25.6
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,260	7,860	8,620	8,260	7,860	8,620
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	54,460	26,820	27,640	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	18,825	10,765	8,060	34.6	40.1	29.2
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	67,500	76,000	58,400	67,500	76,000	58,400
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	73,700	81,700	63,150	73,700	81,700	63,150
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	15,325	7,060	8,270	28.1	26.3	29.9
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	23,200	28,800	19,800	23,200	28,800	19,800
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	33,520	42,200	26,120	33,520	42,200	26,120
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	82.6	87.2	76.6	82.6	87.2	76.6
Employment income (%)¹⁹	70.6	75.2	64.2	70.6	75.2	64.2
Government transfers (%)²⁰	17.3	12.8	23.5	17.3	12.8	23.5
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.5	1.2	1.8	1.5	1.2	1.8
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	5.0	3.8	6.6	5.0	3.8	6.6
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	3.9	3.1	5.1	3.9	3.1	5.1
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	54,745	26,915	27,830	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without total income	1,695	830	860	3.1	3.1	3.1
With total income	53,055	26,085	26,970	96.9	96.9	96.9
Under $10,000 (including loss)	3,990	1,640	2,350	7.5	6.3	8.7
$10,000 to $19,999	5,555	2,210	3,350	10.5	8.5	12.4
$20,000 to $29,999	7,415	3,005	4,405	14.0	11.5	16.3
$30,000 to $39,999	6,880	2,885	3,990	13.0	11.1	14.8
$40,000 to $49,999	6,035	2,600	3,440	11.4	10.0	12.8
$50,000 to $59,999	5,110	2,335	2,780	9.6	9.0	10.3
$60,000 to $69,999	4,105	2,065	2,040	7.7	7.9	7.6
$70,000 to $79,999	3,320	1,900	1,425	6.3	7.3	5.3
$80,000 to $89,999	2,620	1,695	925	4.9	6.5	3.4
$90,000 to $99,999	2,145	1,430	715	4.0	5.5	2.7
$100,000 and over	5,875	4,325	1,555	11.1	16.6	5.8
$100,000 to $149,999	4,415	3,190	1,225	8.3	12.2	4.5
$150,000 and over	1,460	1,135	330	2.8	4.4	1.2
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	54,745	26,915	27,830	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without after-tax income	1,665	815	845	3.0	3.0	3.0
With after-tax income	53,085	26,100	26,985	97.0	97.0	97.0
Under $10,000 (including loss)	4,110	1,685	2,420	7.7	6.5	9.0
$10,000 to $19,999	5,745	2,275	3,470	10.8	8.7	12.9
$20,000 to $29,999	8,575	3,520	5,055	16.2	13.5	18.7
$30,000 to $39,999	7,975	3,425	4,555	15.0	13.1	16.9
$40,000 to $49,999	6,925	3,095	3,825	13.0	11.9	14.2
$50,000 to $59,999	5,620	2,785	2,835	10.6	10.7	10.5
$60,000 to $69,999	4,310	2,455	1,860	8.1	9.4	6.9
$70,000 to $79,999	3,270	2,180	1,090	6.2	8.4	4.0
$80,000 to $89,999	2,365	1,585	780	4.5	6.1	2.9
$90,000 to $99,999	1,510	1,095	420	2.8	4.2	1.6
$100,000 and over	2,680	2,000	675	5.0	7.7	2.5
$100,000 to $124,999	1,615	1,200	415	3.0	4.6	1.5
$125,000 and over	1,060	805	255	2.0	3.1	0.9
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	54,745	26,915	27,830	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without employment income	15,400	6,725	8,680	28.1	25.0	31.2
With employment income	39,345	20,190	19,150	71.9	75.0	68.8
Under $5,000 (including loss)	4,155	1,815	2,340	10.6	9.0	12.2
$5,000 to $9,999	2,715	1,070	1,645	6.9	5.3	8.6
$10,000 to $19,999	4,275	1,795	2,480	10.9	8.9	13.0
$20,000 to $29,999	3,765	1,625	2,140	9.6	8.0	11.2
$30,000 to $39,999	3,600	1,555	2,050	9.1	7.7	10.7
$40,000 to $49,999	3,470	1,525	1,945	8.8	7.6	10.2
$50,000 to $59,999	3,320	1,535	1,785	8.4	7.6	9.3
$60,000 to $69,999	2,920	1,535	1,390	7.4	7.6	7.3
$70,000 to $79,999	2,460	1,515	950	6.3	7.5	5.0
$80,000 to $89,999	2,195	1,475	720	5.6	7.3	3.8
$90,000 to $99,999	1,785	1,195	585	4.5	5.9	3.1
$100,000 and over	4,680	3,555	1,120	11.9	17.6	5.8
$100,000 to $124,999	2,565	1,880	685	6.5	9.3	3.6
$125,000 and over	2,115	1,680	430	5.4	8.3	2.2
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	54,745	26,920	27,830	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	51,775	25,415	26,365	94.6	94.4	94.7
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	42,000	52,000	34,800	42,000	52,000	34,800
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	51,880	25,430	26,450	94.8	94.5	95.0
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	37,600	45,200	31,600	37,600	45,200	31,600
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	46,695	23,480	23,210	85.3	87.2	83.4
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	40,000	50,800	32,000	40,000	50,800	32,000
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	40,875	20,995	19,880	74.7	78.0	71.4
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	40,800	52,000	32,800	40,800	52,000	32,800
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	35,630	15,330	20,300	65.1	56.9	72.9
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	7,200	6,550	7,400	7,200	6,550	7,400
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	5,045	2,615	2,430	9.2	9.7	8.7
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	5,120	5,080	5,280	5,120	5,080	5,280
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	54,460	26,825	27,635	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	51,565	25,320	26,245	94.7	94.4	95.0
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	51,550	62,300	41,160	51,550	62,300	41,160
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	51,680	25,345	26,330	94.9	94.5	95.3
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	43,320	51,200	35,760	43,320	51,200	35,760
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	46,620	23,680	22,935	85.6	88.3	83.0
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	50,040	60,850	38,920	50,040	60,850	38,920
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	40,650	21,080	19,570	74.6	78.6	70.8
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	49,640	59,550	38,960	49,640	59,550	38,960
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	35,505	15,060	20,445	65.2	56.1	74.0
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	9,120	9,060	9,170	9,120	9,060	9,170
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	5,075	2,600	2,485	9.3	9.7	9.0
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	7,180	6,770	7,620	7,180	6,770	7,620
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	54,460	26,820	27,640	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	18,760	10,735	8,025	34.4	40.0	29.0
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	63,600	73,000	53,200	63,600	73,000	53,200
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	70,000	79,000	58,000	70,000	79,000	58,000
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	14,520	6,690	7,835	26.7	24.9	28.3
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	27,800	34,400	23,600	27,800	34,400	23,600
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	37,600	47,360	29,280	37,600	47,360	29,280
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	87.8	91.4	82.6	87.8	91.4	82.6
Employment income (%)	76.0	79.6	70.6	76.0	79.6	70.6
Government transfers (%)	12.2	8.7	17.4	12.2	8.7	17.4
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.4	1.1	1.8	1.4	1.1	1.8
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	28,165	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	86,000	...	...	86,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	76,000	...	...	76,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	8,610	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	44,000	...	...	44,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	39,600	...	...	39,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	19,550	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	109,000	...	...	109,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	96,000	...	...	96,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	28,080	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	101,900	...	...	101,900	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	87,100	...	...	87,100	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	8,625	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	52,550	...	...	52,550	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	45,280	...	...	45,280	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	19,455	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	123,800	...	...	123,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	105,700	...	...	105,700	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	28,165	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	200	...	...	0.7	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	120	...	...	0.4	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	220	...	...	0.8	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	660	...	...	2.3	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	1,000	...	...	3.6	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	900	...	...	3.2	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	890	...	...	3.2	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	995	...	...	3.5	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	1,030	...	...	3.7	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	1,035	...	...	3.7	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	2,015	...	...	7.2	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	2,035	...	...	7.2	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	1,920	...	...	6.8	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	1,745	...	...	6.2	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	1,675	...	...	5.9	...	...
$100,000 and over	11,720	...	...	41.6	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	3,455	...	...	12.3	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	2,680	...	...	9.5	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	3,260	...	...	11.6	...	...
$200,000 and over	2,325	...	...	8.3	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	28,165	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	220	...	...	0.8	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	125	...	...	0.4	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	225	...	...	0.8	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	665	...	...	2.4	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	1,065	...	...	3.8	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	1,015	...	...	3.6	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	1,075	...	...	3.8	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	1,170	...	...	4.2	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	1,190	...	...	4.2	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	1,155	...	...	4.1	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	2,455	...	...	8.7	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	2,340	...	...	8.3	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	2,155	...	...	7.7	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	2,040	...	...	7.2	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	1,845	...	...	6.6	...	...
$100,000 and over	9,415	...	...	33.4	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	3,610	...	...	12.8	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	2,470	...	...	8.8	...	...
$150,000 and over	3,325	...	...	11.8	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	18,160	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	108,000	...	...	108,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	95,000	...	...	95,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.9	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	7,180	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	99,000	...	...	99,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	87,000	...	...	87,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	6,710	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	142,000	...	...	142,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	122,000	...	...	122,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	4.0	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	3,520	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	67,500	...	...	67,500	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	63,600	...	...	63,600	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	13,385	6,820	6,560	...	...	...
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	40,000	43,600	36,800	40,000	43,600	36,800
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	36,400	39,200	34,400	36,400	39,200	34,400
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	18,020	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	122,200	...	...	122,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	104,100	...	...	104,100	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	7,050	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	112,700	...	...	112,700	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	95,700	...	...	95,700	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	6,725	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	153,400	...	...	153,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	129,400	...	...	129,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	3,405	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	78,700	...	...	78,700	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	70,400	...	...	70,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	13,345	6,730	6,620	...	...	...
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	49,400	54,200	44,520	49,400	54,200	44,520
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	42,720	46,160	39,240	42,720	46,160	39,240
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	65,890	32,680	33,210	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	13,330	6,885	6,445	20.2	21.1	19.4
0 to 5 years	4,115	2,110	1,995	6.2	6.5	6.0
18 to 64 years	42,115	20,955	21,160	63.9	64.1	63.7
65 years and over	10,445	4,840	5,605	15.9	14.8	16.9
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	6,150	2,745	3,405	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	1,550	795	755	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	535	275	260	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	3,280	1,495	1,790	...	...	...
65 years and over	1,320	465	860	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	9.3	8.4	10.3	9.3	8.4	10.3
0 to 17 years (%)	11.6	11.5	11.7	11.6	11.5	11.7
0 to 5 years (%)	13.1	13.0	13.1	13.1	13.0	13.1
18 to 64 years (%)	7.8	7.1	8.5	7.8	7.1	8.5
65 years and over (%)	12.7	9.5	15.4	12.7	9.5	15.4
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	65,885	32,680	33,210	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	13,330	6,885	6,445	20.2	21.1	19.4
0 to 5 years	4,110	2,115	2,000	6.2	6.5	6.0
18 to 64 years	42,110	20,950	21,160	63.9	64.1	63.7
65 years and over	10,445	4,840	5,605	15.9	14.8	16.9
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	2,490	1,205	1,285	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	490	240	255	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	160	75	85	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	1,855	910	950	...	...	...
65 years and over	140	60	80	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	3.8	3.7	3.9	3.8	3.7	3.9
0 to 17 years (%)	3.7	3.5	3.9	3.7	3.5	3.9
0 to 5 years (%)	4.0	3.6	4.3	4.0	3.6	4.3
18 to 64 years (%)	4.4	4.3	4.5	4.4	4.3	4.5
65 years and over (%)	1.3	1.2	1.4	1.3	1.2	1.4
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	65,890	32,680	33,210	100.0	100.0	100.0
In bottom half of the distribution	31,105	14,780	16,325	47.2	45.2	49.2
In bottom decile	6,420	2,950	3,470	9.7	9.0	10.4
In second decile	6,185	2,850	3,335	9.4	8.7	10.0
In third decile	6,105	2,890	3,215	9.3	8.8	9.7
In fourth decile	6,225	3,035	3,190	9.4	9.3	9.6
In fifth decile	6,170	3,055	3,115	9.4	9.3	9.4
In top half of the distribution	34,780	17,895	16,885	52.8	54.8	50.8
In sixth decile	6,885	3,435	3,450	10.4	10.5	10.4
In seventh decile	7,145	3,630	3,510	10.8	11.1	10.6
In eighth decile	7,290	3,755	3,535	11.1	11.5	10.6
In ninth decile	7,355	3,860	3,495	11.2	11.8	10.5
In top decile	6,110	3,215	2,895	9.3	9.8	8.7
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	65,885	...	...	65,885	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.297	...	...	0.297	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.404	...	...	0.404	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.265	...	...	0.265	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.6	...	...	3.6	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	66,195	32,835	33,355	100.0	100.0	100.0
English only	62,465	31,150	31,310	94.4	94.9	93.9
French only	20	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and French	3,375	1,540	1,835	5.1	4.7	5.5
Neither English nor French	335	140	200	0.5	0.4	0.6
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	66,195	32,835	33,355	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	65,195	32,360	32,835	98.5	98.6	98.4
French	600	305	295	0.9	0.9	0.9
English and French	65	35	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Neither English nor French	320	130	195	0.5	0.4	0.6
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	66,195	32,835	33,355	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	64,795	32,200	32,595	97.9	98.1	97.7
Official languages	58,070	29,000	29,075	87.7	88.3	87.2
English	57,360	28,645	28,715	86.7	87.2	86.1
French	715	360	355	1.1	1.1	1.1
Non-official languages	6,725	3,200	3,520	10.2	9.7	10.6
Indigenous languages³⁹	165	65	100	0.2	0.2	0.3
Algonquian languages	50	15	35	0.1	0.0	0.1
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	45	10	30	0.1	0.0	0.1
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	45	10	30	0.1	0.0	0.1
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	10	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	25	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	85	35	50	0.1	0.1	0.1
Northern Athabaskan languages	85	35	50	0.1	0.1	0.1
Dakelh (Carrier)	75	30	40	0.1	0.1	0.1
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	15	15	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	15	15	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	6,555	3,135	3,420	9.9	9.5	10.3
Afro-Asiatic languages	110	55	50	0.2	0.2	0.1
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	110	55	50	0.2	0.2	0.1
Amharic	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	100	55	40	0.2	0.2	0.1
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	100	50	55	0.2	0.2	0.2
Khmer (Cambodian)	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	95	45	50	0.1	0.1	0.1
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	715	285	435	1.1	0.9	1.3
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	40	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Cebuano	70	20	45	0.1	0.1	0.1
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	10	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	30	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	555	220	330	0.8	0.7	1.0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	85	50	30	0.1	0.2	0.1
Kannada	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	50	35	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Tamil	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	4,555	2,215	2,340	6.9	6.7	7.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	575	250	325	0.9	0.8	1.0
Baltic languages	10	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	565	245	320	0.9	0.7	1.0
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	25	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	90	40	50	0.1	0.1	0.1
Russian	125	55	75	0.2	0.2	0.2
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	155	70	85	0.2	0.2	0.3
Bosnian	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	125	55	70	0.2	0.2	0.2
Serbian	20	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	20	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	110	40	70	0.2	0.1	0.2
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	895	405	490	1.4	1.2	1.5
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	550	245	305	0.8	0.7	0.9
German	525	230	290	0.8	0.7	0.9
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	25	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	240	115	130	0.4	0.4	0.4
Afrikaans	40	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Dutch	165	75	85	0.2	0.2	0.3
Low German, n.o.s.	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	25	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	95	45	55	0.1	0.1	0.2
Danish	55	25	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	25	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	15	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	50	25	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Indo-Iranian languages	2,345	1,205	1,140	3.5	3.7	3.4
Indo-Aryan languages	2,265	1,165	1,100	3.4	3.5	3.3
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	40	25	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Gujarati	45	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Hindi	140	85	55	0.2	0.3	0.2
Kacchi	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	1,935	980	950	2.9	3.0	2.8
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	70	35	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	80	40	40	0.1	0.1	0.1
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	80	40	40	0.1	0.1	0.1
Dari	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	65	30	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	685	330	350	1.0	1.0	1.0
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	200	100	100	0.3	0.3	0.3
Portuguese	195	95	95	0.3	0.3	0.3
Romanian	35	15	25	0.1	0.0	0.1
Spanish	255	120	140	0.4	0.4	0.4
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	50	15	25	0.1	0.0	0.1
Korean	170	80	85	0.3	0.2	0.3
Mongolian	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	135	75	65	0.2	0.2	0.2
Akan (Twi)	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	20	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	35	15	15	0.1	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	15	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	15	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	470	215	255	0.7	0.7	0.8
Chinese languages	470	215	255	0.7	0.7	0.8
Hakka	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	215	95	120	0.3	0.3	0.4
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	225	110	120	0.3	0.3	0.4
Chinese, n.o.s.	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	25	5	20	0.0	0.0	0.1
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	20	5	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	105	60	50	0.2	0.2	0.1
Estonian	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	55	30	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Hungarian	45	25	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	1,395	635	765	2.1	1.9	2.3
English and French	180	85	90	0.3	0.3	0.3
English and non-official language(s)	1,065	480	585	1.6	1.5	1.8
French and non-official language(s)	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	25	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	115	55	60	0.2	0.2	0.2
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	66,195	32,835	33,355	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	59,000	29,440	29,565	89.1	89.7	88.6
French	90	35	50	0.1	0.1	0.1
Non-official language	1,515	740	780	2.3	2.3	2.3
Indigenous³⁹	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	1,505	740	770	2.3	2.3	2.3
English and French	495	220	280	0.7	0.7	0.8
English and non-official language(s)	4,815	2,270	2,550	7.3	6.9	7.6
French and non-official language(s)	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	130	65	70	0.2	0.2	0.2
Multiple non-official languages	130	65	70	0.2	0.2	0.2
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	66,195	32,835	33,355	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	65,065	32,310	32,760	98.3	98.4	98.2
Official languages	61,875	30,740	31,140	93.5	93.6	93.4
English	61,755	30,680	31,070	93.3	93.4	93.1
French	120	55	65	0.2	0.2	0.2
Non-official languages	3,190	1,570	1,620	4.8	4.8	4.9
Indigenous languages³⁹	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	3,175	1,560	1,615	4.8	4.8	4.8
Afro-Asiatic languages	65	35	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	65	35	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	65	35	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	60	30	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Khmer (Cambodian)	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	55	30	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	345	160	185	0.5	0.5	0.6
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	35	15	15	0.1	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	35	15	20	0.1	0.0	0.1
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	15	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	250	115	135	0.4	0.4	0.4
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	70	45	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	45	25	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Tamil	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	15	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	2,175	1,075	1,100	3.3	3.3	3.3
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	170	75	90	0.3	0.2	0.3
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	170	75	90	0.3	0.2	0.3
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	15	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	60	25	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	45	20	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	40	15	20	0.1	0.0	0.1
Serbian	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	20	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	110	50	65	0.2	0.2	0.2
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	75	35	40	0.1	0.1	0.1
German	75	30	45	0.1	0.1	0.1
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	30	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	1,680	855	825	2.5	2.6	2.5
Indo-Aryan languages	1,650	840	805	2.5	2.6	2.4
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	15	15	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	90	55	35	0.1	0.2	0.1
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	1,460	735	725	2.2	2.2	2.2
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	55	25	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	30	15	20	0.0	0.0	0.1
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	30	15	20	0.0	0.0	0.1
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	30	15	20	0.0	0.0	0.1
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	190	85	110	0.3	0.3	0.3
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	40	20	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Portuguese	65	25	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Romanian	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	85	35	50	0.1	0.1	0.1
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	10	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	115	55	60	0.2	0.2	0.2
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	25	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	20	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	15	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	255	120	140	0.4	0.4	0.4
Chinese languages	255	120	135	0.4	0.4	0.4
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	135	65	70	0.2	0.2	0.2
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	110	50	60	0.2	0.2	0.2
Chinese, n.o.s.	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	20	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	1,125	525	595	1.7	1.6	1.8
English and French	65	30	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
English and non-official language(s)	1,020	475	540	1.5	1.4	1.6
French and non-official language(s)	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	30	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	66,190	32,835	33,355	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	61,530	30,645	30,890	93.0	93.3	92.6
English	1,315	675	645	2.0	2.1	1.9
French	420	175	240	0.6	0.5	0.7
Non-official language	2,300	1,060	1,245	3.5	3.2	3.7
Indigenous³⁹	125	45	75	0.2	0.1	0.2
Non-Indigenous	2,180	1,015	1,165	3.3	3.1	3.5
English and French	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	265	110	155	0.4	0.3	0.5
French and non-official language(s)	90	45	45	0.1	0.1	0.1
English, French and non-official language(s)	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	250	115	140	0.4	0.4	0.4
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	65,620	32,610	33,010	100.0	100.0	100.0
Official languages	65,290	32,485	32,800	99.5	99.6	99.4
English	65,275	32,485	32,790	99.5	99.6	99.3
French	3,485	1,540	1,940	5.3	4.7	5.9
Non-official languages	9,405	4,385	5,020	14.3	13.4	15.2
Indigenous languages³⁹	435	190	250	0.7	0.6	0.8
Algonquian languages	125	55	65	0.2	0.2	0.2
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	90	45	55	0.1	0.1	0.2
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	90	45	55	0.1	0.1	0.2
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	25	0	20	0.0	0.0	0.1
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	50	30	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	30	15	20	0.0	0.0	0.1
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	30	15	20	0.0	0.0	0.1
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	265	100	160	0.4	0.3	0.5
Northern Athabaskan languages	265	100	160	0.4	0.3	0.5
Dakelh (Carrier)	215	70	145	0.3	0.2	0.4
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	30	20	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	8,990	4,210	4,780	13.7	12.9	14.5
Afro-Asiatic languages	145	65	85	0.2	0.2	0.3
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	125	55	70	0.2	0.2	0.2
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	100	45	45	0.2	0.1	0.1
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	165	85	75	0.3	0.3	0.2
Khmer (Cambodian)	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	160	85	75	0.2	0.3	0.2
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	1,020	365	655	1.6	1.1	2.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	50	20	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Cebuano	115	30	75	0.2	0.1	0.2
Fijian	15	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	35	0	25	0.1	0.0	0.1
Ilocano	75	30	50	0.1	0.1	0.2
Indonesian	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	960	330	630	1.5	1.0	1.9
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	55	15	35	0.1	0.0	0.1
Creole languages	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	165	115	55	0.3	0.4	0.2
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	105	70	35	0.2	0.2	0.1
Tamil	40	25	15	0.1	0.1	0.0
Telugu	40	25	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	6,225	3,005	3,220	9.5	9.2	9.8
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	880	415	470	1.3	1.3	1.4
Baltic languages	20	15	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	875	400	470	1.3	1.2	1.4
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	55	25	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Macedonian	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	180	95	90	0.3	0.3	0.3
Russian	300	145	150	0.5	0.4	0.5
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	220	90	130	0.3	0.3	0.4
Bosnian	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	165	65	100	0.3	0.2	0.3
Serbian	55	25	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	30	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	35	15	20	0.1	0.0	0.1
Ukrainian	140	55	85	0.2	0.2	0.3
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	1,265	525	740	1.9	1.6	2.2
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	860	360	500	1.3	1.1	1.5
German	850	355	495	1.3	1.1	1.5
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	20	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	315	130	180	0.5	0.4	0.5
Afrikaans	55	25	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Dutch	210	85	125	0.3	0.3	0.4
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	25	15	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	120	60	65	0.2	0.2	0.2
Danish	50	30	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	30	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	40	15	30	0.1	0.0	0.1
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	90	30	55	0.1	0.1	0.2
Indo-Iranian languages	2,900	1,510	1,385	4.4	4.6	4.2
Indo-Aryan languages	2,795	1,455	1,340	4.3	4.5	4.1
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	70	45	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Hindi	1,155	580	575	1.8	1.8	1.7
Kacchi	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	40	25	15	0.1	0.1	0.0
Nepali	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	2,360	1,220	1,140	3.6	3.7	3.5
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	150	75	75	0.2	0.2	0.2
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	105	55	45	0.2	0.2	0.1
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	105	55	45	0.2	0.2	0.1
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	75	40	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	1,220	570	650	1.9	1.7	2.0
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	220	100	120	0.3	0.3	0.4
Portuguese	300	155	145	0.5	0.5	0.4
Romanian	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	730	335	395	1.1	1.0	1.2
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	110	60	45	0.2	0.2	0.1
Korean	155	55	100	0.2	0.2	0.3
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	285	155	135	0.4	0.5	0.4
Akan (Twi)	30	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	25	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	20	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	105	60	45	0.2	0.2	0.1
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	45	25	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	50	30	15	0.1	0.1	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	30	10	20	0.0	0.0	0.1
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	25	10	20	0.0	0.0	0.1
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	140	55	85	0.2	0.2	0.3
American Sign Language	120	35	85	0.2	0.1	0.3
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	20	20	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	610	300	310	0.9	0.9	0.9
Chinese languages	610	300	310	0.9	0.9	0.9
Hakka	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	415	195	220	0.6	0.6	0.7
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	30	30	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	250	125	120	0.4	0.4	0.4
Chinese, n.o.s.	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	20	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	20	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	30	20	15	0.0	0.1	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	25	20	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	115	45	70	0.2	0.1	0.2
Estonian	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	55	20	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Hungarian	50	15	35	0.1	0.0	0.1
Other languages, n.i.e.	20	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	65,620	32,610	33,010	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	10,360	4,935	5,420	15.8	15.1	16.4
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	10,005	4,755	5,255	15.2	14.6	15.9
First Nations (North American Indian)	6,105	2,780	3,325	9.3	8.5	10.1
Métis	3,830	1,935	1,900	5.8	5.9	5.8
Inuk (Inuit)	70	35	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	190	105	85	0.3	0.3	0.3
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	160	75	85	0.2	0.2	0.3
Non-Indigenous identity	55,260	27,675	27,585	84.2	84.9	83.6
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	65,620	32,610	33,010	100.0	100.0	100.0
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	4,585	2,100	2,490	7.0	6.4	7.5
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	61,035	30,515	30,520	93.0	93.6	92.5
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	28,080	...	...	100.0	...	...
Owner	18,350	...	...	65.3	...	...
Renter	9,735	...	...	34.7	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	28,080	...	...	100.0	...	...
Condominium	2,315	...	...	8.2	...	...
Not condominium	25,765	...	...	91.8	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	28,080	...	...	100.0	...	...
No bedrooms	215	...	...	0.8	...	...
1 bedroom	2,520	...	...	9.0	...	...
2 bedrooms	6,135	...	...	21.8	...	...
3 bedrooms	8,550	...	...	30.4	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	10,665	...	...	38.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	28,080	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	6,700	...	...	23.9	...	...
5 rooms	3,970	...	...	14.1	...	...
6 rooms	3,675	...	...	13.1	...	...
7 rooms	3,290	...	...	11.7	...	...
8 or more rooms	10,450	...	...	37.2	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.7	...	...	6.7	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	28,080	...	...	100.0	...	...
One person or fewer per room	27,785	...	...	98.9	...	...
More than one person per room	290	...	...	1.0	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	28,080	...	...	100.0	...	...
Suitable	27,075	...	...	96.4	...	...
Not suitable	1,000	...	...	3.6	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	28,080	...	...	100.0	...	...
1960 or before	3,210	...	...	11.4	...	...
1961 to 1980	15,100	...	...	53.8	...	...
1981 to 1990	3,035	...	...	10.8	...	...
1991 to 2000	3,605	...	...	12.8	...	...
2001 to 2005	705	...	...	2.5	...	...
2006 to 2010	770	...	...	2.7	...	...
2011 to 2015	670	...	...	2.4	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	980	...	...	3.5	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	28,080	...	...	100.0	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	26,270	...	...	93.6	...	...
Major repairs needed	1,805	...	...	6.4	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	28,080	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-maintainer household	14,605	...	...	52.0	...	...
Two-maintainer household	11,915	...	...	42.4	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	1,555	...	...	5.5	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	28,080	...	...	100.0	...	...
15 to 24 years	1,360	...	...	4.8	...	...
25 to 34 years	4,990	...	...	17.8	...	...
35 to 44 years	4,855	...	...	17.3	...	...
45 to 54 years	4,870	...	...	17.3	...	...
55 to 64 years	5,185	...	...	18.5	...	...
65 to 74 years	4,010	...	...	14.3	...	...
75 to 84 years	2,180	...	...	7.8	...	...
85 years and over	625	...	...	2.2	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	28,025	...	...	100.0	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	23,490	...	...	83.8	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	4,530	...	...	16.2	...	...
30% to less than 100%	4,125	...	...	14.7	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	28,080	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	6,760	...	...	24.1	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	4,040	...	...	14.4	...	...
Not suitable only	815	...	...	2.9	...	...
Major repairs needed only	1,320	...	...	4.7	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	90	...	...	0.3	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	395	...	...	1.4	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	90	...	...	0.3	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Acceptable housing	21,325	...	...	75.9	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	27,615	...	...	100.0	...	...
In core need	2,045	...	...	7.4	...	...
Not in core need	25,565	...	...	92.6	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	18,345	...	...	...	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	63.8	...	...	63.8	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	9.3	...	...	9.3	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	2.3	...	...	2.3	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,260	...	...	1,260	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,308	...	...	1,308	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	400,000	...	...	400,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	396,000	...	...	396,000	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	9,730	...	...	...	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	11.9	...	...	11.9	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	29.2	...	...	29.2	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	17.2	...	...	17.2	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,010	...	...	1,010	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,083	...	...	1,083	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	...	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	65,620	32,615	33,005	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	4,595	2,235	2,360	7.0	6.9	7.2
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	4,545	2,215	2,330	6.9	6.8	7.1
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	3,680	1,730	1,950	5.6	5.3	5.9
Métis single ancestry	860	485	380	1.3	1.5	1.2
Inuit single ancestry	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	45	20	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	45	20	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	5,895	2,700	3,200	9.0	8.3	9.7
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	5,615	2,545	3,065	8.6	7.8	9.3
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	3,695	1,630	2,060	5.6	5.0	6.2
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	1,880	895	985	2.9	2.7	3.0
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	40	25	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	285	150	130	0.4	0.5	0.4
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	275	150	125	0.4	0.5	0.4
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	55,125	27,680	27,450	84.0	84.9	83.2
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	65,620	32,615	33,010	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	61,820	30,725	31,095	94.2	94.2	94.2
Canadian citizens aged under 18	13,045	6,775	6,270	19.9	20.8	19.0
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	48,775	23,950	24,825	74.3	73.4	75.2
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	3,795	1,890	1,910	5.8	5.8	5.8
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	65,620	32,615	33,010	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	57,325	28,680	28,640	87.4	87.9	86.8
Immigrants⁸¹	6,615	3,060	3,555	10.1	9.4	10.8
Before 1980	2,245	1,055	1,185	3.4	3.2	3.6
1980 to 1990	725	320	400	1.1	1.0	1.2
1991 to 2000	815	345	475	1.2	1.1	1.4
2001 to 2010	900	375	520	1.4	1.1	1.6
2011 to 2021⁸²	1,935	960	975	2.9	2.9	3.0
2011 to 2015	690	305	390	1.1	0.9	1.2
2016 to 2021	1,245	655	590	1.9	2.0	1.8
Non-permanent residents⁸³	1,680	870	810	2.6	2.7	2.5
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	6,615	3,060	3,555	100.0	100.0	100.0
Under 5 years	705	350	360	10.7	11.4	10.1
5 to 14 years	1,120	540	580	16.9	17.6	16.3
15 to 24 years	1,565	715	855	23.7	23.4	24.1
25 to 44 years	2,785	1,265	1,520	42.1	41.3	42.8
45 years and over	435	195	245	6.6	6.4	6.9
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	6,615	3,060	3,555	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	865	420	440	13.1	13.7	12.4
Brazil	25	15	0	0.4	0.5	0.0
Colombia	20	10	10	0.3	0.3	0.3
El Salvador	30	15	10	0.5	0.5	0.3
Guyana	25	15	10	0.4	0.5	0.3
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	80	50	30	1.2	1.6	0.8
Mexico	30	15	10	0.5	0.5	0.3
Peru	10	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.3
Trinidad and Tobago	20	20	0	0.3	0.7	0.0
United States of America	520	230	285	7.9	7.5	8.0
Other places of birth in Americas	100	35	60	1.5	1.1	1.7
Europe	2,400	1,135	1,270	36.3	37.1	35.7
Bosnia and Herzegovina	30	15	15	0.5	0.5	0.4
Croatia	115	55	60	1.7	1.8	1.7
France	20	10	15	0.3	0.3	0.4
Germany	355	150	205	5.4	4.9	5.8
Greece	15	10	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
Hungary	40	15	25	0.6	0.5	0.7
Italy	60	35	25	0.9	1.1	0.7
Netherlands	220	100	125	3.3	3.3	3.5
Poland	155	90	70	2.3	2.9	2.0
Portugal	135	65	70	2.0	2.1	2.0
Romania	30	10	15	0.5	0.3	0.4
Russian Federation	35	20	10	0.5	0.7	0.3
Serbia⁸⁶	10	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.3
Ukraine	80	20	60	1.2	0.7	1.7
United Kingdom⁸⁷	715	360	350	10.8	11.8	9.8
Other places of birth in Europe	385	180	210	5.8	5.9	5.9
Africa	415	210	210	6.3	6.9	5.9
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	10	10	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
Egypt	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	105	60	50	1.6	2.0	1.4
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	65	30	35	1.0	1.0	1.0
Other places of birth in Africa	220	110	110	3.3	3.6	3.1
Asia	2,765	1,200	1,565	41.8	39.2	44.0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	70	30	35	1.1	1.0	1.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	210	90	115	3.2	2.9	3.2
Hong Kong⁹¹	60	30	25	0.9	1.0	0.7
Korea, South⁹²	85	35	55	1.3	1.1	1.5
Taiwan	25	10	20	0.4	0.3	0.6
Philippines	890	295	595	13.5	9.6	16.7
Viet Nam	85	30	55	1.3	1.0	1.5
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	1,085	555	535	16.4	18.1	15.0
Pakistan	65	40	25	1.0	1.3	0.7
Sri Lanka	10	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.3
Other places of birth in Asia	145	65	75	2.2	2.1	2.1
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	170	100	75	2.6	3.3	2.1
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	1,245	655	590	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	150	90	60	12.0	13.7	10.2
Brazil	15	10	0	1.2	1.5	0.0
Colombia	20	10	0	1.6	1.5	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	30	15	10	2.4	2.3	1.7
Mexico	15	10	0	1.2	1.5	0.0
United States of America	55	30	30	4.4	4.6	5.1
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Americas	15	10	0	1.2	1.5	0.0
Europe	145	70	75	11.6	10.7	12.7
France	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	15	15	0	1.2	2.3	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	10	0	0	0.8	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	35	20	20	2.8	3.1	3.4
Other places of birth in Europe	60	20	45	4.8	3.1	7.6
Africa	170	80	90	13.7	12.2	15.3
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundi	10	0	0	0.8	0.0	0.0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	95	45	50	7.6	6.9	8.5
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	15	10	0	1.2	1.5	0.0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	35	20	20	2.8	3.1	3.4
Asia	770	405	365	61.8	61.8	61.9
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	30	10	20	2.4	1.5	3.4
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	400	230	165	32.1	35.1	28.0
Iran⁸⁸	30	15	15	2.4	2.3	2.5
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	40	20	15	3.2	3.1	2.5
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	25	10	10	2.0	1.5	1.7
Philippines	195	80	110	15.7	12.2	18.6
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	15	0	0	1.2	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	15	0	10	1.2	0.0	1.7
Oceania and other⁹³	15	0	0	1.2	0.0	0.0
Australia	15	0	0	1.2	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	65,620	32,610	33,010	100.0	100.0	100.0
First generation¹⁰⁰	8,780	4,170	4,610	13.4	12.8	14.0
Second generation¹⁰¹	10,410	5,065	5,345	15.9	15.5	16.2
Third generation or more¹⁰²	46,435	23,380	23,055	70.8	71.7	69.8
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	4,370	2,000	2,370	100.0	100.0	100.0
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	2,490	1,195	1,300	57.0	59.8	54.9
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	1,165	625	540	26.7	31.3	22.8
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	1,325	565	760	30.3	28.3	32.1
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	1,565	645	920	35.8	32.3	38.8
Refugees¹⁰⁸	300	160	140	6.9	8.0	5.9
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	10	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.4
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	4,370	2,000	2,370	100.0	100.0	100.0
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	85	45	45	1.9	2.3	1.9
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	775	315	460	17.7	15.8	19.4
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	170	80	90	3.9	4.0	3.8
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	530	295	235	12.1	14.8	9.9
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	50	15	35	1.1	0.8	1.5
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	2,755	1,250	1,505	63.0	62.5	63.5
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	65,620	32,610	33,010	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	7,760	3,750	4,005	11.8	11.5	12.1
South Asian	3,340	1,765	1,585	5.1	5.4	4.8
Chinese	790	375	415	1.2	1.1	1.3
Black	960	475	485	1.5	1.5	1.5
Filipino	1,325	525	800	2.0	1.6	2.4
Arab	110	60	55	0.2	0.2	0.2
Latin American	230	95	135	0.4	0.3	0.4
Southeast Asian	240	130	110	0.4	0.4	0.3
West Asian	105	55	50	0.2	0.2	0.2
Korean	145	50	95	0.2	0.2	0.3
Japanese	195	105	90	0.3	0.3	0.3
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	80	35	45	0.1	0.1	0.1
Multiple visible minorities	230	80	150	0.4	0.2	0.5
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	57,865	28,860	29,000	88.2	88.5	87.9
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	65,620	32,615	33,010	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian	9,075	4,725	4,350	13.8	14.5	13.2
English	15,855	7,670	8,180	24.2	23.5	24.8
Irish	10,615	5,045	5,570	16.2	15.5	16.9
Scottish	12,410	6,050	6,360	18.9	18.5	19.3
French, n.o.s.¹²²	7,240	3,545	3,695	11.0	10.9	11.2
German	11,195	5,440	5,765	17.1	16.7	17.5
Chinese	920	395	525	1.4	1.2	1.6
Italian	2,115	1,090	1,020	3.2	3.3	3.1
Indian (India)	1,905	980	925	2.9	3.0	2.8
Ukrainian	4,095	2,000	2,100	6.2	6.1	6.4
Dutch	2,750	1,300	1,445	4.2	4.0	4.4
Polish	2,170	1,005	1,165	3.3	3.1	3.5
Québécois	45	30	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	2,240	1,070	1,175	3.4	3.3	3.6
Filipino	1,410	555	860	2.1	1.7	2.6
French Canadian	660	365	290	1.0	1.1	0.9
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	1,710	885	830	2.6	2.7	2.5
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	3,115	1,450	1,665	4.7	4.4	5.0
Métis	3,060	1,550	1,515	4.7	4.8	4.6
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	1,565	770	795	2.4	2.4	2.4
Russian	1,825	815	1,015	2.8	2.5	3.1
Norwegian	3,325	1,630	1,700	5.1	5.0	5.1
Welsh	1,765	785	985	2.7	2.4	3.0
Portuguese	690	315	380	1.1	1.0	1.2
American	1,330	615	710	2.0	1.9	2.2
Spanish	445	160	285	0.7	0.5	0.9
Swedish	2,415	1,070	1,345	3.7	3.3	4.1
Hungarian	735	345	395	1.1	1.1	1.2
Acadian	115	70	50	0.2	0.2	0.2
Pakistani	125	65	60	0.2	0.2	0.2
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	310	155	150	0.5	0.5	0.5
Jewish	190	90	100	0.3	0.3	0.3
Punjabi	750	425	320	1.1	1.3	1.0
Vietnamese	200	115	85	0.3	0.4	0.3
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	50	30	15	0.1	0.1	0.0
Greek	260	115	145	0.4	0.4	0.4
Jamaican	90	55	40	0.1	0.2	0.1
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	185	85	100	0.3	0.3	0.3
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	1,225	545	675	1.9	1.7	2.0
Korean	155	60	100	0.2	0.2	0.3
Romanian	395	165	230	0.6	0.5	0.7
Lebanese	35	25	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Iranian	90	45	45	0.1	0.1	0.1
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	115	70	50	0.2	0.2	0.2
Danish	1,020	460	560	1.6	1.4	1.7
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	975	470	505	1.5	1.4	1.5
Sikh	575	335	240	0.9	1.0	0.7
Austrian	630	310	320	1.0	1.0	1.0
Belgian	250	130	120	0.4	0.4	0.4
Haitian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindu	140	65	75	0.2	0.2	0.2
Mexican	150	60	90	0.2	0.2	0.3
Mennonite	370	185	175	0.6	0.6	0.5
Swiss	545	285	255	0.8	0.9	0.8
Finnish	585	275	310	0.9	0.8	0.9
Sri Lankan	25	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	460	210	260	0.7	0.6	0.8
Japanese	270	120	150	0.4	0.4	0.5
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	75	45	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	75	15	60	0.1	0.0	0.2
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	765	415	350	1.2	1.3	1.1
Muslim	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egyptian	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	40	20	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	350	205	145	0.5	0.6	0.4
Colombian	30	20	15	0.0	0.1	0.0
Moroccan	25	10	20	0.0	0.0	0.1
Czech	345	170	180	0.5	0.5	0.5
Syrian	35	20	15	0.1	0.1	0.0
Guyanese	40	20	15	0.1	0.1	0.0
Afghan	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	55	45	15	0.1	0.1	0.0
Serbian	80	45	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Ojibway	85	25	60	0.1	0.1	0.2
Newfoundlander	125	75	50	0.2	0.2	0.2
Hong Konger	30	20	15	0.0	0.1	0.0
Ontarian	25	10	20	0.0	0.0	0.1
Persian	30	10	20	0.0	0.0	0.1
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	25	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	30	30	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	60	25	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazilian	30	20	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
Nigerian	125	65	60	0.2	0.2	0.2
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	125	60	60	0.2	0.2	0.2
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	130	65	60	0.2	0.2	0.2
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwanese	65	40	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Iraqi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salvadorean	45	20	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
African Caribbean	40	20	15	0.1	0.1	0.0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	55	25	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Algonquin	35	15	25	0.1	0.0	0.1
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	25	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	150	70	80	0.2	0.2	0.2
South African	120	50	70	0.2	0.2	0.2
Australian	190	95	90	0.3	0.3	0.3
Palestinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chilean	30	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congolese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nova Scotian	25	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	25	0	20	0.0	0.0	0.1
Peruvian	30	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	50	15	30	0.1	0.0	0.1
Cambodian (Khmer)	20	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	70	30	40	0.1	0.1	0.1
Macedonian	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovenian	135	50	80	0.2	0.2	0.2
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	75	30	45	0.1	0.1	0.1
New Brunswicker	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	25	20	15	0.0	0.1	0.0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Canadian	40	10	25	0.1	0.0	0.1
Israeli	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	55	30	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	135	75	55	0.2	0.2	0.2
Bulgarian	55	40	15	0.1	0.1	0.0
Albertan	60	20	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Barbadian	25	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
African American	100	30	75	0.2	0.1	0.2
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	100	60	45	0.2	0.2	0.1
Tunisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	40	35	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Cuban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	25	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	130	40	90	0.2	0.1	0.3
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	40	20	15	0.1	0.1	0.0
Laotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Irish	30	10	20	0.0	0.0	0.1
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	100	40	55	0.2	0.1	0.2
British Columbian	475	270	215	0.7	0.8	0.7
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Argentinian	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	30	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	40	15	25	0.1	0.0	0.1
Jatt	100	45	50	0.2	0.1	0.2
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	65	45	15	0.1	0.1	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dominican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	25	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Byelorussian	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	70	35	40	0.1	0.1	0.1
Abenaki	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldovan	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	55	30	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
New Zealander	60	35	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Sudanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Breton	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania Dutch	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malaysian	40	25	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Plains Cree	45	20	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saskatchewanian	45	30	15	0.1	0.1	0.0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gaspesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norman	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	30	0	25	0.0	0.0	0.1
Ivorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteaux	60	20	40	0.1	0.1	0.1
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundian	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mauritian	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kenyan	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Manitoban	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rwandan	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mayan	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Honduran	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cherokee	45	10	35	0.1	0.0	0.1
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Flemish	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Empire Loyalist	25	15	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Goan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Zimbabwean	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamileke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Libyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Basque	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igorot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guinean	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maliseet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Beninese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Roma	45	20	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Singaporean	20	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tajik	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amhara	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	65,620	32,610	33,010	100.0	100.0	100.0
Buddhist	175	55	115	0.3	0.2	0.3
Christian	22,810	10,280	12,540	34.8	31.5	38.0
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	6,315	2,930	3,380	9.6	9.0	10.2
Anabaptist	225	115	115	0.3	0.4	0.3
Anglican	1,525	675	850	2.3	2.1	2.6
Baptist	1,110	470	640	1.7	1.4	1.9
Catholic	7,850	3,590	4,260	12.0	11.0	12.9
Christian Orthodox	270	130	150	0.4	0.4	0.5
Jehovah's Witness	525	200	320	0.8	0.6	1.0
Latter Day Saints	325	160	170	0.5	0.5	0.5
Lutheran	750	325	425	1.1	1.0	1.3
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	70	25	45	0.1	0.1	0.1
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	795	345	450	1.2	1.1	1.4
Presbyterian	315	145	175	0.5	0.4	0.5
Reformed	70	25	40	0.1	0.1	0.1
United Church	1,620	695	930	2.5	2.1	2.8
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	1,050	455	595	1.6	1.4	1.8
Hindu	530	300	230	0.8	0.9	0.7
Jewish	90	50	35	0.1	0.2	0.1
Muslim	415	215	205	0.6	0.7	0.6
Sikh	2,105	1,120	990	3.2	3.4	3.0
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	130	65	70	0.2	0.2	0.2
Other religions and spiritual traditions	610	230	380	0.9	0.7	1.2
No religion and secular perspectives	38,755	20,305	18,450	59.1	62.3	55.9
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	64,995	32,310	32,680	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	55,130	27,425	27,710	84.8	84.9	84.8
Movers	9,860	4,890	4,970	15.2	15.1	15.2
Non-migrants	7,555	3,760	3,790	11.6	11.6	11.6
Migrants	2,305	1,130	1,175	3.5	3.5	3.6
Internal migrants	2,045	1,005	1,040	3.1	3.1	3.2
Intraprovincial migrants	1,545	750	800	2.4	2.3	2.4
Interprovincial migrants	495	255	240	0.8	0.8	0.7
External migrants	260	120	140	0.4	0.4	0.4
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	62,320	30,870	31,445	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	33,985	16,955	17,030	54.5	54.9	54.2
Movers	28,330	13,915	14,415	45.5	45.1	45.8
Non-migrants	16,455	8,130	8,330	26.4	26.3	26.5
Migrants	11,875	5,790	6,090	19.1	18.8	19.4
Internal migrants	9,720	4,650	5,070	15.6	15.1	16.1
Intraprovincial migrants	7,245	3,430	3,820	11.6	11.1	12.1
Interprovincial migrants	2,475	1,225	1,255	4.0	4.0	4.0
External migrants	2,155	1,140	1,015	3.5	3.7	3.2
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	54,460	26,820	27,640	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	10,635	5,830	4,805	19.5	21.7	17.4
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	43,825	20,995	22,835	80.5	78.3	82.6
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	35,600	17,555	18,040	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	4,700	2,705	1,995	13.2	15.4	11.1
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	30,900	14,850	16,045	86.8	84.6	88.9
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	54,460	26,825	27,635	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	9,180	4,815	4,370	16.9	17.9	15.8
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	18,525	9,005	9,520	34.0	33.6	34.4
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	26,750	13,005	13,750	49.1	48.5	49.8
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	16,760	8,820	7,940	30.8	32.9	28.7
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	5,465	4,460	1,005	10.0	16.6	3.6
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	1,860	1,195	665	3.4	4.5	2.4
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	3,605	3,265	340	6.6	12.2	1.2
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	10,060	3,895	6,160	18.5	14.5	22.3
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,235	460	770	2.3	1.7	2.8
Bachelor's degree or higher	9,995	4,185	5,810	18.4	15.6	21.0
Bachelor's degree	6,750	2,775	3,975	12.4	10.3	14.4
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	610	260	350	1.1	1.0	1.3
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	275	130	145	0.5	0.5	0.5
Master's degree	2,035	845	1,185	3.7	3.2	4.3
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	325	170	150	0.6	0.6	0.5
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	35,600	17,555	18,045	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	3,850	2,125	1,725	10.8	12.1	9.6
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	11,460	5,785	5,670	32.2	33.0	31.4
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	20,290	9,645	10,645	57.0	54.9	59.0
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	12,045	6,305	5,740	33.8	35.9	31.8
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	3,815	3,125	695	10.7	17.8	3.9
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	1,310	820	490	3.7	4.7	2.7
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	2,505	2,300	205	7.0	13.1	1.1
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	7,385	2,825	4,565	20.7	16.1	25.3
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	835	355	485	2.3	2.0	2.7
Bachelor's degree or higher	8,250	3,345	4,905	23.2	19.1	27.2
Bachelor's degree	5,545	2,225	3,325	15.6	12.7	18.4
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	460	180	275	1.3	1.0	1.5
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	235	100	135	0.7	0.6	0.7
Master's degree	1,755	700	1,050	4.9	4.0	5.8
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	255	125	125	0.7	0.7	0.7
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	54,460	26,825	27,635	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	27,710	13,815	13,895	50.9	51.5	50.3
Education	1,770	395	1,370	3.3	1.5	5.0
13. Education	1,770	395	1,370	3.3	1.5	5.0
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	415	155	250	0.8	0.6	0.9
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	45	40	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
50. Visual and performing arts	370	120	250	0.7	0.4	0.9
Humanities	1,195	445	750	2.2	1.7	2.7
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	50	20	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
23. English language and literature/letters	330	100	230	0.6	0.4	0.8
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	290	55	240	0.5	0.2	0.9
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	40	20	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
38. Philosophy and religious studies	65	25	45	0.1	0.1	0.2
39. Theology and religious vocations	170	100	70	0.3	0.4	0.3
54. History	215	130	85	0.4	0.5	0.3
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	30	10	25	0.1	0.0	0.1
Social and behavioural sciences and law	2,250	760	1,490	4.1	2.8	5.4
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	50	0	45	0.1	0.0	0.2
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	140	80	65	0.3	0.3	0.2
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	445	25	420	0.8	0.1	1.5
22. Legal professions and studies	290	85	210	0.5	0.3	0.8
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	35	15	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
42. Psychology	440	105	330	0.8	0.4	1.2
45. Social sciences	840	440	400	1.5	1.6	1.4
Business, management and public administration	5,485	1,810	3,680	10.1	6.7	13.3
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	665	120	550	1.2	0.4	2.0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	4,815	1,690	3,130	8.8	6.3	11.3
Physical and life sciences and technologies	1,030	500	530	1.9	1.9	1.9
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	550	250	295	1.0	0.9	1.1
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	235	110	125	0.4	0.4	0.5
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
40. Physical sciences	195	120	75	0.4	0.4	0.3
41. Science technologies/technicians	50	15	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	720	460	265	1.3	1.7	1.0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	585	385	200	1.1	1.4	0.7
25. Library science	55	25	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
27. Mathematics and statistics	60	45	15	0.1	0.2	0.1
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	6,460	6,050	410	11.9	22.6	1.5
04. Architecture and related services	60	15	45	0.1	0.1	0.2
14. Engineering	595	515	85	1.1	1.9	0.3
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	1,365	1,220	150	2.5	4.5	0.5
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	1,900	1,835	65	3.5	6.8	0.2
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	1,775	1,745	30	3.3	6.5	0.1
48. Precision production	755	720	40	1.4	2.7	0.1
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	1,175	750	420	2.2	2.8	1.5
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	145	80	65	0.3	0.3	0.2
03. Natural resources and conservation	1,035	675	355	1.9	2.5	1.3
Health and related fields	4,710	875	3,835	8.6	3.3	13.9
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	225	110	115	0.4	0.4	0.4
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	4,370	725	3,650	8.0	2.7	13.2
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	105	45	60	0.2	0.2	0.2
Personal, protective and transportation services	1,530	790	740	2.8	2.9	2.7
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	970	285	680	1.8	1.1	2.5
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	160	125	40	0.3	0.5	0.1
49. Transportation and materials moving	400	380	20	0.7	1.4	0.1
Other¹⁷⁹	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	35,595	17,555	18,040	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	15,305	7,915	7,395	43.0	45.1	41.0
Education	1,185	240	940	3.3	1.4	5.2
13. Education	1,185	240	940	3.3	1.4	5.2
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	320	110	205	0.9	0.6	1.1
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	25	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
50. Visual and performing arts	295	95	200	0.8	0.5	1.1
Humanities	890	335	555	2.5	1.9	3.1
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	35	15	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
23. English language and literature/letters	245	70	175	0.7	0.4	1.0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	225	45	180	0.6	0.3	1.0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	30	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
38. Philosophy and religious studies	55	20	40	0.2	0.1	0.2
39. Theology and religious vocations	110	65	45	0.3	0.4	0.2
54. History	155	95	60	0.4	0.5	0.3
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	25	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,810	600	1,215	5.1	3.4	6.7
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	50	0	45	0.1	0.0	0.2
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	115	60	55	0.3	0.3	0.3
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	360	25	335	1.0	0.1	1.9
22. Legal professions and studies	225	55	175	0.6	0.3	1.0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	20	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
42. Psychology	350	90	260	1.0	0.5	1.4
45. Social sciences	695	355	340	2.0	2.0	1.9
Business, management and public administration	4,115	1,300	2,820	11.6	7.4	15.6
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	575	110	470	1.6	0.6	2.6
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	3,535	1,190	2,345	9.9	6.8	13.0
Physical and life sciences and technologies	835	365	470	2.3	2.1	2.6
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	465	200	265	1.3	1.1	1.5
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	175	60	115	0.5	0.3	0.6
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
40. Physical sciences	165	95	70	0.5	0.5	0.4
41. Science technologies/technicians	25	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	600	405	205	1.7	2.3	1.1
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	490	335	155	1.4	1.9	0.9
25. Library science	40	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
27. Mathematics and statistics	55	40	20	0.2	0.2	0.1
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	15	10	10	0.0	0.1	0.1
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	4,715	4,365	350	13.2	24.9	1.9
04. Architecture and related services	55	15	40	0.2	0.1	0.2
14. Engineering	500	415	80	1.4	2.4	0.4
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	1,060	930	130	3.0	5.3	0.7
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	1,360	1,315	45	3.8	7.5	0.2
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	1,245	1,220	30	3.5	6.9	0.2
48. Precision production	500	470	25	1.4	2.7	0.1
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	910	580	335	2.6	3.3	1.9
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	95	50	50	0.3	0.3	0.3
03. Natural resources and conservation	815	530	285	2.3	3.0	1.6
Health and related fields	3,695	715	2,980	10.4	4.1	16.5
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	165	85	75	0.5	0.5	0.4
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	3,435	595	2,845	9.7	3.4	15.8
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	85	30	55	0.2	0.2	0.3
Personal, protective and transportation services	1,190	620	565	3.3	3.5	3.1
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	735	215	515	2.1	1.2	2.9
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	150	115	40	0.4	0.7	0.2
49. Transportation and materials moving	310	290	10	0.9	1.7	0.1
Other¹⁷⁹	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	35,595	17,555	18,040	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	15,305	7,915	7,395	43.0	45.1	41.0
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	20,290	9,640	10,650	57.0	54.9	59.0
Location of study inside Canada	18,020	8,640	9,380	50.6	49.2	52.0
Same as province or territory of residence	15,130	7,190	7,935	42.5	41.0	44.0
Different than province or territory of residence	2,895	1,445	1,450	8.1	8.2	8.0
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	2,270	1,010	1,260	6.4	5.8	7.0
Americas	340	165	175	1.0	0.9	1.0
United States of America	275	125	145	0.8	0.7	0.8
Mexico	20	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Cuba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	15	10	15	0.0	0.1	0.1
Brazil	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Americas	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Europe	460	205	260	1.3	1.2	1.4
Belgium	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germany	40	30	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Netherlands	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Switzerland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	20	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Romania	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Russian Federation	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	40	10	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Ireland⁹⁶	10	10	10	0.0	0.1	0.1
United Kingdom⁸⁷	200	95	110	0.6	0.5	0.6
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Europe	95	35	60	0.3	0.2	0.3
Africa	140	70	75	0.4	0.4	0.4
Nigeria	30	20	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	55	25	35	0.2	0.1	0.2
Other locations of study in Africa	45	20	30	0.1	0.1	0.2
Asia	1,265	530	735	3.6	3.0	4.1
Iran⁸⁸	30	20	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	50	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Taiwan	15	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	40	15	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Philippines	470	155	315	1.3	0.9	1.7
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	590	290	300	1.7	1.7	1.7
Pakistan	15	10	10	0.0	0.1	0.1
Other locations of study in Asia	25	0	25	0.1	0.0	0.1
Oceania	70	40	25	0.2	0.2	0.1
Australia	50	25	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
New Zealand	20	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	54,460	26,825	27,635	...	...	...
In the labour force	36,100	18,880	17,225	...	...	...
Employed	32,695	17,030	15,670	...	...	...
Unemployed	3,410	1,855	1,555	...	...	...
Not in the labour force	18,360	7,940	10,415	...	...	...
Participation rate	66.3	70.4	62.3	66.3	70.4	62.3
Employment rate	60.0	63.5	56.7	60.0	63.5	56.7
Unemployment rate	9.4	9.8	9.0	9.4	9.8	9.0
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	54,460	26,825	27,635	100.0	100.0	100.0
Did not work¹⁸⁶	19,035	8,385	10,650	35.0	31.3	38.5
Worked	35,425	18,440	16,985	65.0	68.7	61.5
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	19,215	10,980	8,230	35.3	40.9	29.8
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	16,210	7,460	8,755	29.8	27.8	31.7
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.0	43.2	40.8	42.0	43.2	40.8
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	36,105	18,880	17,220	100.0	100.0	100.0
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	860	435	430	2.4	2.3	2.5
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	35,240	18,445	16,795	97.6	97.7	97.5
Employee	31,935	16,650	15,285	88.5	88.2	88.8
Permanent position	27,015	14,405	12,605	74.8	76.3	73.2
Temporary position	4,925	2,240	2,685	13.6	11.9	15.6
Fixed term (1 year or more)	1,295	530	770	3.6	2.8	4.5
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	3,630	1,720	1,915	10.1	9.1	11.1
Self-employed¹⁹²	3,305	1,795	1,510	9.2	9.5	8.8
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	36,105	18,880	17,220	100.0	100.0	100.0
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	860	435	430	2.4	2.3	2.5
All occupations¹⁹¹	35,240	18,445	16,795	97.6	97.7	97.5
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	260	185	70	0.7	1.0	0.4
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	5,095	1,295	3,805	14.1	6.9	22.1
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	2,220	1,690	525	6.1	9.0	3.0
3 Health occupations	3,040	615	2,425	8.4	3.3	14.1
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	4,635	1,440	3,200	12.8	7.6	18.6
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	660	240	420	1.8	1.3	2.4
6 Sales and service occupations	9,525	4,060	5,465	26.4	21.5	31.7
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	7,440	6,870	575	20.6	36.4	3.3
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	805	645	160	2.2	3.4	0.9
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	1,555	1,405	145	4.3	7.4	0.8
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	36,105	18,880	17,220	100.0	100.0	100.0
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	860	435	430	2.4	2.3	2.5
All industries¹⁹¹	35,240	18,445	16,795	97.6	97.7	97.5
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	1,065	835	230	2.9	4.4	1.3
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	395	325	70	1.1	1.7	0.4
22 Utilities	285	180	100	0.8	1.0	0.6
23 Construction	2,975	2,500	480	8.2	13.2	2.8
31-33 Manufacturing	2,580	2,160	415	7.1	11.4	2.4
41 Wholesale trade	1,255	1,055	205	3.5	5.6	1.2
44-45 Retail trade	4,465	2,145	2,325	12.4	11.4	13.5
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	2,150	1,770	380	6.0	9.4	2.2
51 Information and cultural industries	500	240	260	1.4	1.3	1.5
52 Finance and insurance	790	275	510	2.2	1.5	3.0
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	480	230	250	1.3	1.2	1.5
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	1,660	875	785	4.6	4.6	4.6
55 Management of companies and enterprises	45	10	30	0.1	0.1	0.2
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	1,165	680	490	3.2	3.6	2.8
61 Educational services	2,735	780	1,955	7.6	4.1	11.4
62 Health care and social assistance	5,495	1,105	4,385	15.2	5.9	25.5
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	515	215	295	1.4	1.1	1.7
72 Accommodation and food services	2,750	1,195	1,555	7.6	6.3	9.0
81 Other services (except public administration)	1,610	765	845	4.5	4.1	4.9
91 Public administration	2,330	1,100	1,235	6.5	5.8	7.2
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	38,225	19,890	18,340	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	37,640	19,665	17,975	98.5	98.9	98.0
French	25	0	25	0.1	0.0	0.1
Non-official language	50	30	20	0.1	0.2	0.1
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	45	25	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
English and French	165	50	120	0.4	0.3	0.7
English and non-official language(s)	330	145	185	0.9	0.7	1.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	38,225	19,890	18,340	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	38,185	19,875	18,310	99.9	99.9	99.8
Official languages	38,085	19,820	18,260	99.6	99.6	99.6
English	38,045	19,820	18,220	99.5	99.6	99.3
French	40	0	40	0.1	0.0	0.2
Non-official languages	100	50	50	0.3	0.3	0.3
Indigenous languages³⁹	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	90	50	45	0.2	0.3	0.2
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	40	20	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	25	20	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Indo-Aryan languages	15	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	15	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Chinese languages	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	45	15	30	0.1	0.1	0.2
English and French	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	30	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	38,225	19,890	18,340	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	37,750	19,705	18,045	98.8	99.1	98.4
English	70	25	45	0.2	0.1	0.2
French	140	45	100	0.4	0.2	0.5
Non-official language	220	105	110	0.6	0.5	0.6
Indigenous³⁹	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Non-Indigenous	195	90	100	0.5	0.5	0.5
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	35	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	32,695	17,025	15,670	100.0	100.0	100.0
Worked at home	3,865	1,530	2,340	11.8	9.0	14.9
Worked outside Canada	30	25	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
No fixed workplace address	4,760	3,575	1,185	14.6	21.0	7.6
Usual place of work	24,040	11,895	12,140	73.5	69.9	77.5
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	24,035	11,895	12,140	100.0	100.0	100.0
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	23,025	11,140	11,885	95.8	93.7	97.9
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	405	280	120	1.7	2.4	1.0
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	505	385	125	2.1	3.2	1.0
Commute to a different province or territory	105	90	10	0.4	0.8	0.1
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	28,800	15,470	13,325	100.0	100.0	100.0
Car, truck or van	25,720	14,005	11,715	89.3	90.5	87.9
Car, truck or van - as a driver	23,765	13,220	10,545	82.5	85.5	79.1
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	1,955	785	1,170	6.8	5.1	8.8
Public transit	1,010	420	595	3.5	2.7	4.5
Walked	1,270	570	705	4.4	3.7	5.3
Bicycle	250	180	70	0.9	1.2	0.5
Other method	545	300	245	1.9	1.9	1.8
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	28,800	15,470	13,325	100.0	100.0	100.0
Less than 15 minutes	15,030	7,260	7,765	52.2	46.9	58.3
15 to 29 minutes	10,845	6,170	4,680	37.7	39.9	35.1
30 to 44 minutes	1,460	935	520	5.1	6.0	3.9
45 to 59 minutes	455	300	155	1.6	1.9	1.2
60 minutes and over	1,010	810	200	3.5	5.2	1.5
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	28,800	15,470	13,325	100.0	100.0	100.0
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	1,635	1,280	360	5.7	8.3	2.7
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	4,595	2,925	1,670	16.0	18.9	12.5
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	7,760	4,175	3,585	26.9	27.0	26.9
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	6,915	2,925	3,990	24.0	18.9	29.9
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	3,200	1,395	1,800	11.1	9.0	13.5
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	4,690	2,770	1,920	16.3	17.9	14.4
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	13,600	7,030	6,570	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	760	395	365	5.6	5.6	5.6
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	12,840	6,635	6,210	94.4	94.4	94.5
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	10,000	5,180	4,820	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	585	305	285	5.9	5.9	5.9
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	335	160	170	3.4	3.1	3.5
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	255	135	110	2.6	2.6	2.3
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	9,415	4,880	4,535	94.2	94.2	94.1

Symbol legend

...
not applicable
^r
revised

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 30, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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