Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	Port AlberniMore information: British Columbia [Population centre]
	Counts			Rates
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	21,711	...	...	...	...	...
Population, 2016¹	20,910^r	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	3.8	...	...	3.8	...	...
Total private dwellings²	10,438	...	...	...	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	9,898	...	...	...	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	762.0	...	...	762.0	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	28.49	...	...	...	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	21,710	10,615	11,100	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	3,125	1,550	1,575	14.4	14.6	14.2
0 to 4 years	870	450	420	4.0	4.2	3.8
5 to 9 years	1,100	540	555	5.1	5.1	5.0
10 to 14 years	1,155	555	595	5.3	5.2	5.4
15 to 64 years	12,750	6,275	6,480	58.7	59.1	58.4
15 to 19 years	1,075	550	530	5.0	5.2	4.8
20 to 24 years	930	465	470	4.3	4.4	4.2
25 to 29 years	1,075	550	525	5.0	5.2	4.7
30 to 34 years	1,250	615	630	5.8	5.8	5.7
35 to 39 years	1,215	600	615	5.6	5.7	5.5
40 to 44 years	1,190	595	600	5.5	5.6	5.4
45 to 49 years	1,205	555	655	5.6	5.2	5.9
50 to 54 years	1,310	640	670	6.0	6.0	6.0
55 to 59 years	1,655	800	855	7.6	7.5	7.7
60 to 64 years	1,845	905	935	8.5	8.5	8.4
65 years and over	5,835	2,790	3,045	26.9	26.3	27.4
65 to 69 years	1,805	880	930	8.3	8.3	8.4
70 to 74 years	1,540	765	775	7.1	7.2	7.0
75 to 79 years	1,155	550	610	5.3	5.2	5.5
80 to 84 years	675	315	360	3.1	3.0	3.2
85 years and over	655	285	370	3.0	2.7	3.3
85 to 89 years	425	200	225	2.0	1.9	2.0
90 to 94 years	175	75	100	0.8	0.7	0.9
95 to 99 years	50	10	35	0.2	0.1	0.3
100 years and over	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	14.4	14.6	14.2	14.4	14.6	14.2
15 to 64 years	58.7	59.1	58.4	58.7	59.1	58.4
65 years and over	26.9	26.3	27.4	26.9	26.3	27.4
85 years and over	3.0	2.7	3.3	3.0	2.7	3.3
Average age of the population	46.3	45.8	46.8	46.3	45.8	46.8
Median age of the population	49.2	48.4	49.6	49.2	48.4	49.6
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	9,895	...	...	100.0	...	...
Single-detached house	6,900	...	...	69.7	...	...
Semi-detached house	290	...	...	2.9	...	...
Row house	510	...	...	5.2	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	420	...	...	4.2	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	1,290	...	...	13.0	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	145	...	...	1.5	...	...
Other single-attached house	20	...	...	0.2	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	330	...	...	3.3	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	9,900	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 person	3,355	...	...	33.9	...	...
2 persons	3,820	...	...	38.6	...	...
3 persons	1,295	...	...	13.1	...	...
4 persons	940	...	...	9.5	...	...
5 or more persons	490	...	...	4.9	...	...
Number of persons in private households	21,395	10,470	10,920	100.0	100.0	100.0
Average household size	2.2	...	...	2.2	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	18,585	9,060	9,520	100.0	100.0	100.0
Married or living common-law	10,170	5,080	5,090	54.7	56.1	53.5
Married	7,780	3,880	3,900	41.9	42.8	41.0
Living common-law	2,390	1,200	1,195	12.9	13.2	12.6
Living common law - Never married	1,645	835	815	8.9	9.2	8.6
Living common law - Separated	115	50	65	0.6	0.6	0.7
Living common law - Divorced	550	285	265	3.0	3.1	2.8
Living common law - Widowed	80	35	45	0.4	0.4	0.5
Not married and not living common-law	8,415	3,985	4,430	45.3	44.0	46.5
Not married and not living common law - Never married	4,730	2,640	2,090	25.5	29.1	22.0
Not married and not living common law - Separated	595	260	335	3.2	2.9	3.5
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	1,680	745	930	9.0	8.2	9.8
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	1,410	340	1,070	7.6	3.8	11.2
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	6,215	...	...	100.0	...	...
2 persons	3,865	...	...	62.2	...	...
3 persons	1,190	...	...	19.1	...	...
4 persons	820	...	...	13.2	...	...
5 or more persons	330	...	...	5.3	...	...
Average size of census families	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.7	...	...	1.7	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	6,210	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total couple families	4,985	...	...	80.3	...	...
Married couples	3,785	...	...	61.0	...	...
With children⁶	1,385	...	...	22.3	...	...
Without children	2,405	...	...	38.7	...	...
Common-law couples	1,195	...	...	19.2	...	...
With children⁶	490	...	...	7.9	...	...
Without children	705	...	...	11.4	...	...
Total one-parent families	1,225	...	...	19.7	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	925	...	...	14.9	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	305	...	...	4.9	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	21,395	10,470	10,920	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total - Persons in census families	16,375	8,030	8,350	76.5	76.7	76.5
Married spouses or common-law partners	9,970	4,980	4,990	46.6	47.6	45.7
Parents in one-parent families	1,230	305	920	5.7	2.9	8.4
Children⁶	5,180	2,745	2,435	24.2	26.2	22.3
In a two-parent family	3,310	1,715	1,600	15.5	16.4	14.7
In a one-parent family	1,870	1,030	835	8.7	9.8	7.6
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	5,015	2,445	2,575	23.4	23.4	23.6
Living alone	3,355	1,590	1,765	15.7	15.2	16.2
Living with other relatives⁷	575	220	355	2.7	2.1	3.3
Living with non-relatives only	1,085	630	455	5.1	6.0	4.2
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	9,900	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	5,495	...	...	55.5	...	...
Couple-family households	4,540	...	...	45.9	...	...
With children⁶	1,680	...	...	17.0	...	...
Without children	2,855	...	...	28.8	...	...
One-parent-family households	955	...	...	9.6	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	205	...	...	2.1	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	45	...	...	0.5	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	335	...	...	3.4	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	460	...	...	4.6	...	...
One-person households	3,355	...	...	33.9	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	18,275	8,925	9,350	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	17,805	8,705	9,100	97.4	97.5	97.3
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	36,000	40,400	32,000	36,000	40,400	32,000
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	17,815	8,710	9,105	97.5	97.6	97.4
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	33,600	37,600	30,000	33,600	37,600	30,000
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	14,965	7,480	7,480	81.9	83.8	80.0
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	27,200	32,400	22,000	27,200	32,400	22,000
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	10,510	5,315	5,195	57.5	59.6	55.6
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	32,400	38,800	27,800	32,400	38,800	27,800
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	16,015	7,645	8,370	87.6	85.7	89.5
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	14,300	15,000	13,900	14,300	15,000	13,900
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	2,020	1,075	945	11.1	12.0	10.1
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,480	5,480	5,440	5,480	5,480	5,440
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	4,380	2,145	2,235	24.0	24.0	23.9
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	18,290	8,880	9,410	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	17,845	8,670	9,180	97.6	97.6	97.6
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	43,080	49,080	37,440	43,080	49,080	37,440
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	17,845	8,670	9,180	97.6	97.6	97.6
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	38,440	42,920	34,200	38,440	42,920	34,200
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	15,095	7,545	7,550	82.5	85.0	80.2
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	36,040	42,600	29,520	36,040	42,600	29,520
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	10,475	5,265	5,210	57.3	59.3	55.4
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	39,960	46,640	33,200	39,960	46,640	33,200
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	16,110	7,635	8,465	88.1	86.0	90.0
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	13,940	13,600	14,260	13,940	13,600	14,260
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	2,070	1,075	995	11.3	12.1	10.6
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,470	6,560	6,370	6,470	6,560	6,370
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	4,390	2,045	2,345	24.0	23.0	24.9
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	9,120	8,800	9,410	9,120	8,800	9,410
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	18,290	8,880	9,410	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	4,205	2,255	1,945	23.0	25.4	20.7
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	56,400	62,000	50,800	56,400	62,000	50,800
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	62,100	69,400	53,700	62,100	69,400	53,700
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	4,665	2,185	2,485	25.5	24.6	26.4
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	20,000	24,400	17,000	20,000	24,400	17,000
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	28,720	34,760	23,420	28,720	34,760	23,420
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	70.8	75.6	64.8	70.8	75.6	64.8
Employment income (%)¹⁹	54.4	57.8	50.3	54.4	57.8	50.3
Government transfers (%)²⁰	29.2	24.4	35.1	29.2	24.4	35.1
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.7	1.7	1.9	1.7	1.7	1.9
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	6.8	5.4	8.4	6.8	5.4	8.4
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	5.2	4.2	6.4	5.2	4.2	6.4
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	18,275	8,925	9,350	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without total income	470	220	250	2.6	2.5	2.7
With total income	17,800	8,700	9,100	97.4	97.5	97.3
Under $10,000 (including loss)	1,355	535	820	7.6	6.1	9.0
$10,000 to $19,999	2,540	985	1,555	14.3	11.3	17.1
$20,000 to $29,999	3,300	1,405	1,900	18.5	16.1	20.9
$30,000 to $39,999	2,810	1,390	1,420	15.8	16.0	15.6
$40,000 to $49,999	2,180	1,050	1,130	12.2	12.1	12.4
$50,000 to $59,999	1,645	830	815	9.2	9.5	9.0
$60,000 to $69,999	1,200	670	530	6.7	7.7	5.8
$70,000 to $79,999	840	525	315	4.7	6.0	3.5
$80,000 to $89,999	625	405	215	3.5	4.7	2.4
$90,000 to $99,999	415	260	155	2.3	3.0	1.7
$100,000 and over	905	655	250	5.1	7.5	2.7
$100,000 to $149,999	735	525	210	4.1	6.0	2.3
$150,000 and over	165	130	35	0.9	1.5	0.4
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	18,275	8,925	9,350	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without after-tax income	465	220	245	2.5	2.5	2.6
With after-tax income	17,810	8,710	9,105	97.5	97.6	97.4
Under $10,000 (including loss)	1,405	550	855	7.9	6.3	9.4
$10,000 to $19,999	2,660	1,035	1,625	14.9	11.9	17.8
$20,000 to $29,999	3,625	1,550	2,075	20.4	17.8	22.8
$30,000 to $39,999	3,140	1,565	1,575	17.6	18.0	17.3
$40,000 to $49,999	2,365	1,170	1,195	13.3	13.4	13.1
$50,000 to $59,999	1,685	925	760	9.5	10.6	8.3
$60,000 to $69,999	1,120	705	415	6.3	8.1	4.6
$70,000 to $79,999	730	455	275	4.1	5.2	3.0
$80,000 to $89,999	445	295	145	2.5	3.4	1.6
$90,000 to $99,999	240	160	80	1.3	1.8	0.9
$100,000 and over	390	290	100	2.2	3.3	1.1
$100,000 to $124,999	270	200	65	1.5	2.3	0.7
$125,000 and over	120	85	35	0.7	1.0	0.4
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	18,275	8,925	9,350	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without employment income	7,765	3,610	4,155	42.5	40.4	44.4
With employment income	10,510	5,315	5,195	57.5	59.6	55.6
Under $5,000 (including loss)	1,610	735	875	15.3	13.8	16.8
$5,000 to $9,999	890	375	515	8.5	7.1	9.9
$10,000 to $19,999	1,305	580	725	12.4	10.9	14.0
$20,000 to $29,999	1,155	540	620	11.0	10.2	11.9
$30,000 to $39,999	1,120	475	645	10.7	8.9	12.4
$40,000 to $49,999	965	440	525	9.2	8.3	10.1
$50,000 to $59,999	925	480	445	8.8	9.0	8.6
$60,000 to $69,999	650	405	250	6.2	7.6	4.8
$70,000 to $79,999	535	355	180	5.1	6.7	3.5
$80,000 to $89,999	405	270	140	3.9	5.1	2.7
$90,000 to $99,999	295	185	110	2.8	3.5	2.1
$100,000 and over	650	485	160	6.2	9.1	3.1
$100,000 to $124,999	390	280	110	3.7	5.3	2.1
$125,000 and over	260	210	55	2.5	4.0	1.1
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	18,275	8,925	9,350	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	17,370	8,480	8,895	95.0	95.0	95.1
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	33,200	39,600	27,800	33,200	39,600	27,800
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	17,410	8,485	8,925	95.3	95.1	95.5
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	30,600	36,000	26,200	30,600	36,000	26,200
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	14,875	7,430	7,445	81.4	83.2	79.6
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	28,400	34,800	23,000	28,400	34,800	23,000
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	11,820	6,075	5,745	64.7	68.1	61.4
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	28,600	34,400	24,400	28,600	34,400	24,400
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	13,870	6,365	7,505	75.9	71.3	80.3
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	12,100	13,600	11,100	12,100	13,600	11,100
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	1,765	980	785	9.7	11.0	8.4
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	5,240	5,080	5,360	5,240	5,080	5,360
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	18,290	8,880	9,410	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	17,415	8,460	8,955	95.2	95.3	95.2
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	40,720	47,360	34,400	40,720	47,360	34,400
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	17,455	8,465	8,990	95.4	95.3	95.5
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	35,800	41,040	30,880	35,800	41,040	30,880
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	14,975	7,485	7,490	81.9	84.3	79.6
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	36,760	43,560	30,000	36,760	43,560	30,000
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	11,845	6,075	5,770	64.8	68.4	61.3
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	36,200	41,760	30,320	36,200	41,760	30,320
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	13,795	6,330	7,460	75.4	71.3	79.3
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	11,460	11,770	11,200	11,460	11,770	11,200
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	1,770	985	790	9.7	11.1	8.4
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,460	6,250	6,720	6,460	6,250	6,720
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	18,290	8,880	9,410	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	4,215	2,260	1,950	23.0	25.5	20.7
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	52,800	59,600	46,400	52,800	59,600	46,400
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	58,250	65,900	49,400	58,250	65,900	49,400
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	4,400	2,045	2,360	24.1	23.0	25.1
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	24,800	30,400	20,200	24,800	30,400	20,200
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	32,800	40,160	26,440	32,800	40,160	26,440
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	77.6	81.4	72.8	77.6	81.4	72.8
Employment income (%)	60.5	63.3	56.8	60.5	63.3	56.8
Government transfers (%)	22.3	18.6	27.1	22.3	18.6	27.1
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.6	1.5	1.7	1.6	1.5	1.7
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	9,900	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	64,500	...	...	64,500	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	59,600	...	...	59,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	3,355	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	34,400	...	...	34,400	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	32,400	...	...	32,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	6,545	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	85,000	...	...	85,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	77,500	...	...	77,500	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	9,930	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	77,400	...	...	77,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	69,100	...	...	69,100	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	3,365	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	41,920	...	...	41,920	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	37,560	...	...	37,560	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	6,565	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	95,600	...	...	95,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	85,200	...	...	85,200	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	9,895	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	75	...	...	0.8	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	50	...	...	0.5	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	80	...	...	0.8	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	360	...	...	3.6	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	615	...	...	6.2	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	440	...	...	4.4	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	435	...	...	4.4	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	530	...	...	5.4	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	530	...	...	5.4	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	485	...	...	4.9	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	985	...	...	10.0	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	795	...	...	8.0	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	700	...	...	7.1	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	625	...	...	6.3	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	575	...	...	5.8	...	...
$100,000 and over	2,630	...	...	26.6	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,055	...	...	10.7	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	665	...	...	6.7	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	630	...	...	6.4	...	...
$200,000 and over	280	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	9,895	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	85	...	...	0.9	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	45	...	...	0.5	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	80	...	...	0.8	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	380	...	...	3.8	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	625	...	...	6.3	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	495	...	...	5.0	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	525	...	...	5.3	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	575	...	...	5.8	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	570	...	...	5.8	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	550	...	...	5.6	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	1,065	...	...	10.8	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	870	...	...	8.8	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	795	...	...	8.0	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	690	...	...	7.0	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	585	...	...	5.9	...	...
$100,000 and over	1,970	...	...	19.9	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	940	...	...	9.5	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	525	...	...	5.3	...	...
$150,000 and over	505	...	...	5.1	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	6,195	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	84,000	...	...	84,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	76,500	...	...	76,500	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	2,935	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	76,000	...	...	76,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	70,000	...	...	70,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	1,900	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	116,000	...	...	116,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	103,000	...	...	103,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	3.9	...	...	3.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	1,155	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	60,400	...	...	60,400	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	57,600	...	...	57,600	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	4,440	2,220	2,220	...	...	...
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	33,200	34,800	31,800	33,200	34,800	31,800
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	31,600	32,800	30,400	31,600	32,800	30,400
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	6,210	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	94,900	...	...	94,900	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	84,500	...	...	84,500	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	2,965	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	85,300	...	...	85,300	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	75,800	...	...	75,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,915	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	125,400	...	...	125,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	110,000	...	...	110,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,145	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	67,200	...	...	67,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	62,800	...	...	62,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	4,420	2,145	2,270	...	...	...
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	40,560	43,240	38,040	40,560	43,240	38,040
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	36,400	38,240	34,680	36,400	38,240	34,680
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	21,390	10,475	10,925	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	3,810	1,890	1,915	17.8	18.0	17.5
0 to 5 years	1,085	550	540	5.1	5.3	4.9
18 to 64 years	11,975	5,875	6,100	56.0	56.1	55.8
65 years and over	5,610	2,705	2,905	26.2	25.8	26.6
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	3,045	1,400	1,640	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	670	355	310	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	205	110	90	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	1,480	705	775	...	...	...
65 years and over	895	340	555	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	14.2	13.4	15.0	14.2	13.4	15.0
0 to 17 years (%)	17.6	19.0	16.2	17.6	19.0	16.2
0 to 5 years (%)	18.6	20.8	16.4	18.6	20.8	16.4
18 to 64 years (%)	12.4	12.0	12.8	12.4	12.0	12.8
65 years and over (%)	15.9	12.4	19.1	15.9	12.4	19.1
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	20,875	10,225	10,650	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	3,670	1,820	1,845	17.6	17.8	17.3
0 to 5 years	1,045	530	510	5.0	5.2	4.8
18 to 64 years	11,665	5,730	5,930	55.9	56.0	55.7
65 years and over	5,545	2,680	2,870	26.6	26.2	26.9
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	625	320	310	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	135	70	70	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	35	25	15	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	410	220	195	...	...	...
65 years and over	80	30	45	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	3.0	3.1	2.9	3.0	3.1	2.9
0 to 17 years (%)	3.8	3.8	3.7	3.8	3.8	3.7
0 to 5 years (%)	3.2	4.0	2.4	3.2	4.0	2.4
18 to 64 years (%)	3.5	3.8	3.2	3.5	3.8	3.2
65 years and over (%)	1.4	1.2	1.7	1.4	1.2	1.7
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	21,390	10,470	10,920	100.0	100.0	100.0
In bottom half of the distribution	13,280	6,390	6,890	62.1	61.0	63.1
In bottom decile	2,750	1,310	1,435	12.9	12.5	13.1
In second decile	2,800	1,310	1,490	13.1	12.5	13.6
In third decile	2,920	1,405	1,515	13.7	13.4	13.9
In fourth decile	2,545	1,250	1,290	11.9	11.9	11.8
In fifth decile	2,270	1,110	1,160	10.6	10.6	10.6
In top half of the distribution	8,115	4,080	4,035	37.9	39.0	37.0
In sixth decile	2,105	1,035	1,070	9.8	9.9	9.8
In seventh decile	1,935	960	970	9.0	9.2	8.9
In eighth decile	1,795	900	890	8.4	8.6	8.2
In ninth decile	1,515	775	740	7.1	7.4	6.8
In top decile	760	400	355	3.6	3.8	3.3
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	21,395	...	...	21,395	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.287	...	...	0.287	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.458	...	...	0.458	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.258	...	...	0.258	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.4	...	...	3.4	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	21,485	10,520	10,965	100.0	100.0	100.0
English only	20,255	9,970	10,280	94.3	94.8	93.8
French only	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and French	1,180	535	645	5.5	5.1	5.9
Neither English nor French	45	15	35	0.2	0.1	0.3
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	21,485	10,520	10,965	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	21,165	10,370	10,795	98.5	98.6	98.4
French	270	135	135	1.3	1.3	1.2
English and French	10	10	5	0.0	0.1	0.0
Neither English nor French	40	10	30	0.2	0.1	0.3
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	21,485	10,520	10,965	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	21,200	10,380	10,820	98.7	98.7	98.7
Official languages	19,780	9,740	10,045	92.1	92.6	91.6
English	19,450	9,570	9,875	90.5	91.0	90.1
French	335	165	170	1.6	1.6	1.6
Non-official languages	1,415	645	770	6.6	6.1	7.0
Indigenous languages³⁹	45	20	30	0.2	0.2	0.3
Algonquian languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	30	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	30	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	1,370	625	745	6.4	5.9	6.8
Afro-Asiatic languages	15	5	5	0.1	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	15	5	5	0.1	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	25	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	25	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	80	30	50	0.4	0.3	0.5
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	60	20	40	0.3	0.2	0.4
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	990	450	540	4.6	4.3	4.9
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	140	50	90	0.7	0.5	0.8
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	135	50	85	0.6	0.5	0.8
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	15	5	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Russian	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	50	25	30	0.2	0.2	0.3
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	40	20	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
Serbian	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	20	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Ukrainian	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	415	190	220	1.9	1.8	2.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	205	95	110	1.0	0.9	1.0
German	200	90	105	0.9	0.9	1.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	160	70	85	0.7	0.7	0.8
Afrikaans	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Dutch	140	65	75	0.7	0.6	0.7
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	45	25	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Danish	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	15	5	5	0.1	0.0	0.0
Swedish	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	245	125	115	1.1	1.2	1.0
Indo-Aryan languages	235	125	110	1.1	1.2	1.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	15	5	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	210	110	100	1.0	1.0	0.9
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	185	70	110	0.9	0.7	1.0
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	105	50	55	0.5	0.5	0.5
Portuguese	15	5	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	65	20	45	0.3	0.2	0.4
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	15	5	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Korean	60	30	30	0.3	0.3	0.3
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	80	35	45	0.4	0.3	0.4
Chinese languages	80	35	45	0.4	0.3	0.4
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	40	15	20	0.2	0.1	0.2
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	35	20	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	60	30	35	0.3	0.3	0.3
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	20	5	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Hungarian	45	25	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	285	140	150	1.3	1.3	1.4
English and French	75	40	40	0.3	0.4	0.4
English and non-official language(s)	185	95	95	0.9	0.9	0.9
French and non-official language(s)	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	10	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	21,485	10,520	10,965	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	20,205	9,940	10,265	94.0	94.5	93.6
French	35	20	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Non-official language	240	110	130	1.1	1.0	1.2
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	240	110	130	1.1	1.0	1.2
English and French	160	70	95	0.7	0.7	0.9
English and non-official language(s)	790	360	430	3.7	3.4	3.9
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	25	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.2
Multiple non-official languages	20	5	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	21,485	10,520	10,965	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	21,360	10,460	10,895	99.4	99.4	99.4
Official languages	20,890	10,240	10,650	97.2	97.3	97.1
English	20,835	10,210	10,620	97.0	97.1	96.9
French	55	25	30	0.3	0.2	0.3
Non-official languages	470	225	245	2.2	2.1	2.2
Indigenous languages³⁹	15	5	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	460	220	240	2.1	2.1	2.2
Afro-Asiatic languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	30	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	275	125	145	1.3	1.2	1.3
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	15	5	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	15	5	5	0.1	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	20	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	15	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.0
Afrikaans	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	150	75	75	0.7	0.7	0.7
Indo-Aryan languages	145	75	75	0.7	0.7	0.7
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	140	70	75	0.7	0.7	0.7
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	60	20	40	0.3	0.2	0.4
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	15	5	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Portuguese	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	30	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.2
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	50	25	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	45	25	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
Chinese languages	45	25	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	15	5	5	0.1	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	10	10	5	0.0	0.1	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	130	55	70	0.6	0.5	0.6
English and French	20	5	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
English and non-official language(s)	105	50	60	0.5	0.5	0.5
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	21,485	10,520	10,965	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	20,605	10,125	10,480	95.9	96.2	95.6
English	210	100	110	1.0	1.0	1.0
French	130	55	75	0.6	0.5	0.7
Non-official language	470	205	260	2.2	1.9	2.4
Indigenous³⁹	55	25	30	0.3	0.2	0.3
Non-Indigenous	415	185	230	1.9	1.8	2.1
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	15	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	20	5	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	35	10	20	0.2	0.1	0.2
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	21,465	10,445	11,020	100.0	100.0	100.0
Official languages	21,420	10,430	10,990	99.8	99.9	99.7
English	21,415	10,430	10,980	99.8	99.9	99.6
French	1,195	550	645	5.6	5.3	5.9
Non-official languages	2,110	955	1,155	9.8	9.1	10.5
Indigenous languages³⁹	150	55	90	0.7	0.5	0.8
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	140	55	85	0.7	0.5	0.8
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	130	50	85	0.6	0.5	0.8
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	1,960	895	1,065	9.1	8.6	9.7
Afro-Asiatic languages	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	65	40	30	0.3	0.4	0.3
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	65	40	30	0.3	0.4	0.3
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	75	25	50	0.3	0.2	0.5
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	50	15	35	0.2	0.1	0.3
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	45	25	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	20	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	1,500	675	830	7.0	6.5	7.5
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	135	45	90	0.6	0.4	0.8
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	135	45	90	0.6	0.4	0.8
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	70	30	45	0.3	0.3	0.4
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	60	30	35	0.3	0.3	0.3
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Slovene (Slovenian)	25	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.2
Ukrainian	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	565	260	305	2.6	2.5	2.8
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	295	120	165	1.4	1.1	1.5
German	295	120	165	1.4	1.1	1.5
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	230	110	120	1.1	1.1	1.1
Afrikaans	50	25	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
Dutch	170	80	90	0.8	0.8	0.8
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Scandinavian languages	60	30	30	0.3	0.3	0.3
Danish	30	25	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	335	165	165	1.6	1.6	1.5
Indo-Aryan languages	320	155	160	1.5	1.5	1.5
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	115	60	55	0.5	0.6	0.5
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	240	120	120	1.1	1.1	1.1
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	470	205	265	2.2	2.0	2.4
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	150	70	80	0.7	0.7	0.7
Portuguese	40	0	35	0.2	0.0	0.3
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	285	135	155	1.3	1.3	1.4
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	35	10	25	0.2	0.1	0.2
Korean	60	20	30	0.3	0.2	0.3
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	45	15	30	0.2	0.1	0.3
American Sign Language	45	15	30	0.2	0.1	0.3
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	85	50	35	0.4	0.5	0.3
Chinese languages	85	50	35	0.4	0.5	0.3
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	40	25	15	0.2	0.2	0.1
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	55	25	30	0.3	0.2	0.3
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	60	30	30	0.3	0.3	0.3
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Hungarian	40	25	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	21,465	10,445	11,020	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	3,700	1,720	1,980	17.2	16.5	18.0
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	3,620	1,685	1,940	16.9	16.1	17.6
First Nations (North American Indian)	2,555	1,160	1,395	11.9	11.1	12.7
Métis	1,050	510	535	4.9	4.9	4.9
Inuk (Inuit)	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	50	20	30	0.2	0.2	0.3
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Non-Indigenous identity	17,765	8,730	9,040	82.8	83.6	82.0
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	21,465	10,445	11,020	100.0	100.0	100.0
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	2,195	1,000	1,200	10.2	9.6	10.9
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	19,270	9,450	9,825	89.8	90.5	89.2
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	9,930	...	...	100.0	...	...
Owner	7,030	...	...	70.8	...	...
Renter	2,835	...	...	28.5	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	65	...	...	0.7	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	9,930	...	...	100.0	...	...
Condominium	630	...	...	6.3	...	...
Not condominium	9,300	...	...	93.7	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	9,930	...	...	100.0	...	...
No bedrooms	75	...	...	0.8	...	...
1 bedroom	1,175	...	...	11.8	...	...
2 bedrooms	2,450	...	...	24.7	...	...
3 bedrooms	3,495	...	...	35.2	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	2,740	...	...	27.6	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	9,930	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	2,480	...	...	25.0	...	...
5 rooms	1,655	...	...	16.7	...	...
6 rooms	1,435	...	...	14.5	...	...
7 rooms	1,170	...	...	11.8	...	...
8 or more rooms	3,190	...	...	32.1	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.4	...	...	6.4	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	9,930	...	...	100.0	...	...
One person or fewer per room	9,830	...	...	99.0	...	...
More than one person per room	95	...	...	1.0	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	9,930	...	...	100.0	...	...
Suitable	9,585	...	...	96.5	...	...
Not suitable	340	...	...	3.4	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	9,930	...	...	100.0	...	...
1960 or before	3,545	...	...	35.7	...	...
1961 to 1980	3,610	...	...	36.4	...	...
1981 to 1990	725	...	...	7.3	...	...
1991 to 2000	795	...	...	8.0	...	...
2001 to 2005	180	...	...	1.8	...	...
2006 to 2010	385	...	...	3.9	...	...
2011 to 2015	245	...	...	2.5	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	440	...	...	4.4	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	9,930	...	...	100.0	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	9,100	...	...	91.6	...	...
Major repairs needed	825	...	...	8.3	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	9,930	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-maintainer household	5,400	...	...	54.4	...	...
Two-maintainer household	4,130	...	...	41.6	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	400	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	9,930	...	...	100.0	...	...
15 to 24 years	225	...	...	2.3	...	...
25 to 34 years	1,100	...	...	11.1	...	...
35 to 44 years	1,315	...	...	13.2	...	...
45 to 54 years	1,470	...	...	14.8	...	...
55 to 64 years	2,030	...	...	20.4	...	...
65 to 74 years	2,075	...	...	20.9	...	...
75 to 84 years	1,270	...	...	12.8	...	...
85 years and over	455	...	...	4.6	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	9,715	...	...	100.0	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	7,710	...	...	79.4	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	2,005	...	...	20.6	...	...
30% to less than 100%	1,845	...	...	19.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	9,930	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	2,845	...	...	28.7	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	1,725	...	...	17.4	...	...
Not suitable only	250	...	...	2.5	...	...
Major repairs needed only	550	...	...	5.5	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	45	...	...	0.5	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	225	...	...	2.3	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	35	...	...	0.4	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	10	...	...	0.1	...	...
Acceptable housing	7,085	...	...	71.3	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	9,560	...	...	100.0	...	...
In core need	1,120	...	...	11.7	...	...
Not in core need	8,435	...	...	88.2	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	6,920	...	...	...	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	54.2	...	...	54.2	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	12.4	...	...	12.4	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	5.0	...	...	5.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	840	...	...	840	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,048	...	...	1,048	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	400,000	...	...	400,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	445,200	...	...	445,200	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	2,810	...	...	...	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	16.5	...	...	16.5	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	40.8	...	...	40.8	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	28.6	...	...	28.6	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	950	...	...	950	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,034	...	...	1,034	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	65	...	...	...	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	15.4	...	...	15.4	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	655	...	...	655	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	600	...	...	600	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	21,465	10,445	11,020	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	1,835	855	980	8.5	8.2	8.9
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	1,820	850	970	8.5	8.1	8.8
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	1,650	770	880	7.7	7.4	8.0
Métis single ancestry	160	70	90	0.7	0.7	0.8
Inuit single ancestry	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	1,790	810	975	8.3	7.8	8.8
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	1,760	795	965	8.2	7.6	8.8
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	1,190	525	665	5.5	5.0	6.0
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	565	265	300	2.6	2.5	2.7
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	30	20	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	30	20	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	17,840	8,780	9,060	83.1	84.1	82.2
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	21,470	10,445	11,025	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	20,985	10,225	10,765	97.7	97.9	97.6
Canadian citizens aged under 18	3,760	1,860	1,900	17.5	17.8	17.2
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	17,225	8,365	8,860	80.2	80.1	80.4
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	485	225	260	2.3	2.2	2.4
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	21,470	10,445	11,025	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	19,330	9,425	9,910	90.0	90.2	89.9
Immigrants⁸¹	2,030	970	1,060	9.5	9.3	9.6
Before 1980	1,305	655	650	6.1	6.3	5.9
1980 to 1990	195	75	120	0.9	0.7	1.1
1991 to 2000	100	40	55	0.5	0.4	0.5
2001 to 2010	150	70	80	0.7	0.7	0.7
2011 to 2021⁸²	285	125	155	1.3	1.2	1.4
2011 to 2015	115	50	70	0.5	0.5	0.6
2016 to 2021	165	80	90	0.8	0.8	0.8
Non-permanent residents⁸³	105	50	50	0.5	0.5	0.5
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	2,030	970	1,060	100.0	100.0	100.0
Under 5 years	310	155	150	15.3	16.0	14.2
5 to 14 years	445	245	205	21.9	25.3	19.3
15 to 24 years	520	225	295	25.6	23.2	27.8
25 to 44 years	630	305	320	31.0	31.4	30.2
45 years and over	125	35	85	6.2	3.6	8.0
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	2,030	970	1,060	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	300	135	165	14.8	13.9	15.6
Brazil	10	0	0	0.5	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
El Salvador	10	0	0	0.5	0.0	0.0
Guyana	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	15	0	15	0.7	0.0	1.4
Mexico	60	15	45	3.0	1.5	4.2
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidad and Tobago	15	10	10	0.7	1.0	0.9
United States of America	160	80	75	7.9	8.2	7.1
Other places of birth in Americas	25	10	10	1.2	1.0	0.9
Europe	1,220	600	625	60.1	61.9	59.0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatia	35	15	20	1.7	1.5	1.9
France	25	10	20	1.2	1.0	1.9
Germany	145	70	70	7.1	7.2	6.6
Greece	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	25	10	10	1.2	1.0	0.9
Italy	100	50	45	4.9	5.2	4.2
Netherlands	190	100	90	9.4	10.3	8.5
Poland	10	0	0	0.5	0.0	0.0
Portugal	15	0	15	0.7	0.0	1.4
Romania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	10	0	0	0.5	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	490	245	245	24.1	25.3	23.1
Other places of birth in Europe	165	75	85	8.1	7.7	8.0
Africa	70	45	25	3.4	4.6	2.4
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	35	20	10	1.7	2.1	0.9
Other places of birth in Africa	25	10	10	1.2	1.0	0.9
Asia	410	180	225	20.2	18.6	21.2
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	15	10	0	0.7	1.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	15	0	0	0.7	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	15	0	0	0.7	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	35	15	20	1.7	1.5	1.9
Taiwan	10	0	10	0.5	0.0	0.9
Philippines	25	0	25	1.2	0.0	2.4
Viet Nam	50	30	20	2.5	3.1	1.9
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	190	95	95	9.4	9.8	9.0
Pakistan	10	0	0	0.5	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	50	15	30	2.5	1.5	2.8
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	35	20	15	1.7	2.1	1.4
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	165	80	90	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	20	10	10	12.1	12.5	11.1
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	15	10	10	9.1	12.5	11.1
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Europe	20	0	15	12.1	0.0	16.7
France	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	15	0	10	9.1	0.0	11.1
Other places of birth in Europe	10	0	10	6.1	0.0	11.1
Africa	15	10	0	9.1	12.5	0.0
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asia	95	50	50	57.6	62.5	55.6
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	35	25	10	21.2	31.3	11.1
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	20	10	10	12.1	12.5	11.1
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	15	0	15	9.1	0.0	16.7
Oceania and other⁹³	15	10	0	9.1	12.5	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	10	0	0	6.1	0.0	0.0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	21,465	10,445	11,020	100.0	100.0	100.0
First generation¹⁰⁰	2,245	1,095	1,150	10.5	10.5	10.4
Second generation¹⁰¹	3,620	1,650	1,975	16.9	15.8	17.9
Third generation or more¹⁰²	15,590	7,700	7,890	72.6	73.7	71.6
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	725	315	410	100.0	100.0	100.0
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	400	190	210	55.2	60.3	51.2
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	155	90	65	21.4	28.6	15.9
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	245	100	145	33.8	31.7	35.4
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	260	85	175	35.9	27.0	42.7
Refugees¹⁰⁸	40	25	25	5.5	7.9	6.1
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	20	10	10	2.8	3.2	2.4
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	725	315	410	100.0	100.0	100.0
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	35	10	20	4.8	3.2	4.9
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	165	65	105	22.8	20.6	25.6
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	35	25	15	4.8	7.9	3.7
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	65	40	30	9.0	12.7	7.3
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	420	170	250	57.9	54.0	61.0
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	21,465	10,445	11,020	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	1,150	530	615	5.4	5.1	5.6
South Asian	475	235	240	2.2	2.2	2.2
Chinese	130	70	60	0.6	0.7	0.5
Black	135	60	75	0.6	0.6	0.7
Filipino	75	25	50	0.3	0.2	0.5
Arab	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latin American	75	25	50	0.3	0.2	0.5
Southeast Asian	65	30	40	0.3	0.3	0.4
West Asian	20	20	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Korean	45	25	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
Japanese	45	10	35	0.2	0.1	0.3
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	30	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.2
Multiple visible minorities	60	35	25	0.3	0.3	0.2
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	20,320	9,915	10,405	94.7	94.9	94.4
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	21,470	10,445	11,020	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian	2,965	1,430	1,530	13.8	13.7	13.9
English	6,035	2,965	3,065	28.1	28.4	27.8
Irish	3,845	1,755	2,090	17.9	16.8	19.0
Scottish	4,580	2,215	2,365	21.3	21.2	21.5
French, n.o.s.¹²²	2,440	1,155	1,285	11.4	11.1	11.7
German	2,860	1,315	1,550	13.3	12.6	14.1
Chinese	170	75	90	0.8	0.7	0.8
Italian	700	350	350	3.3	3.4	3.2
Indian (India)	275	120	150	1.3	1.1	1.4
Ukrainian	1,015	495	525	4.7	4.7	4.8
Dutch	1,465	725	740	6.8	6.9	6.7
Polish	425	180	250	2.0	1.7	2.3
Québécois	35	20	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	780	405	375	3.6	3.9	3.4
Filipino	65	20	45	0.3	0.2	0.4
French Canadian	285	115	170	1.3	1.1	1.5
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	405	190	215	1.9	1.8	2.0
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	1,500	695	805	7.0	6.7	7.3
Métis	765	355	410	3.6	3.4	3.7
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	520	255	270	2.4	2.4	2.5
Russian	540	250	290	2.5	2.4	2.6
Norwegian	895	435	460	4.2	4.2	4.2
Welsh	730	375	355	3.4	3.6	3.2
Portuguese	85	30	55	0.4	0.3	0.5
American	420	205	215	2.0	2.0	2.0
Spanish	145	60	95	0.7	0.6	0.9
Swedish	455	195	260	2.1	1.9	2.4
Hungarian	330	185	150	1.5	1.8	1.4
Acadian	65	35	35	0.3	0.3	0.3
Pakistani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	35	25	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
Jewish	115	55	60	0.5	0.5	0.5
Punjabi	50	30	25	0.2	0.3	0.2
Vietnamese	70	35	40	0.3	0.3	0.4
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	35	20	15	0.2	0.2	0.1
Jamaican	25	0	25	0.1	0.0	0.2
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	25	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.2
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	255	95	160	1.2	0.9	1.5
Korean	35	15	15	0.2	0.1	0.1
Romanian	110	60	55	0.5	0.6	0.5
Lebanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Danish	370	170	200	1.7	1.6	1.8
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	210	110	105	1.0	1.1	1.0
Sikh	40	20	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Austrian	285	130	155	1.3	1.2	1.4
Belgian	140	60	85	0.7	0.6	0.8
Haitian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindu	65	40	25	0.3	0.4	0.2
Mexican	130	55	70	0.6	0.5	0.6
Mennonite	60	20	35	0.3	0.2	0.3
Swiss	95	35	60	0.4	0.3	0.5
Finnish	275	125	155	1.3	1.2	1.4
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	155	65	90	0.7	0.6	0.8
Japanese	40	10	30	0.2	0.1	0.3
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	30	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.2
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	20	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	130	55	70	0.6	0.5	0.6
Muslim	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egyptian	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	25	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	110	65	50	0.5	0.6	0.5
Colombian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moroccan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	60	40	25	0.3	0.4	0.2
Syrian	20	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afghan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Ojibway	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Newfoundlander	35	20	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Hong Konger	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ontarian	35	15	20	0.2	0.1	0.2
Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazilian	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Nigerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	40	30	15	0.2	0.3	0.1
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwanese	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Iraqi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	40	25	15	0.2	0.2	0.1
Algonquin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
South African	55	30	30	0.3	0.3	0.3
Australian	90	50	40	0.4	0.5	0.4
Palestinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chilean	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Congolese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nova Scotian	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peruvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovenian	65	30	35	0.3	0.3	0.3
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	20	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Canadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israeli	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	25	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.2
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albertan	25	20	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African American	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	40	35	10	0.2	0.3	0.1
Tunisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	20	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	35	20	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
Laotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Irish	35	20	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	20	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
British Columbian	140	55	90	0.7	0.5	0.8
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Argentinian	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Estonian	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	45	25	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Jatt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dominican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Abenaki	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
New Zealander	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Sudanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Breton	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania Dutch	20	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.2
Malaysian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saskatchewanian	20	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Buddhist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gaspesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norman	20	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Manitoban	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Honduran	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cherokee	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Flemish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Goan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamileke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Libyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Basque	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igorot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guinean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maliseet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Beninese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Roma	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tajik	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amhara	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	21,465	10,445	11,020	100.0	100.0	100.0
Buddhist	115	50	65	0.5	0.5	0.6
Christian	6,795	2,990	3,800	31.7	28.6	34.5
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	1,115	590	530	5.2	5.6	4.8
Anabaptist	40	10	30	0.2	0.1	0.3
Anglican	775	345	430	3.6	3.3	3.9
Baptist	305	135	165	1.4	1.3	1.5
Catholic	2,235	965	1,270	10.4	9.2	11.5
Christian Orthodox	40	10	25	0.2	0.1	0.2
Jehovah's Witness	295	120	175	1.4	1.1	1.6
Latter Day Saints	75	40	30	0.3	0.4	0.3
Lutheran	310	100	210	1.4	1.0	1.9
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	45	25	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	265	105	160	1.2	1.0	1.5
Presbyterian	170	80	85	0.8	0.8	0.8
Reformed	70	25	45	0.3	0.2	0.4
United Church	735	320	415	3.4	3.1	3.8
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	340	125	205	1.6	1.2	1.9
Hindu	125	65	55	0.6	0.6	0.5
Jewish	35	0	35	0.2	0.0	0.3
Muslim	80	35	40	0.4	0.3	0.4
Sikh	215	100	110	1.0	1.0	1.0
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	140	75	60	0.7	0.7	0.5
Other religions and spiritual traditions	205	65	140	1.0	0.6	1.3
No religion and secular perspectives	13,775	7,060	6,705	64.2	67.6	60.8
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	21,295	10,355	10,940	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	18,380	8,975	9,410	86.3	86.7	86.0
Movers	2,910	1,380	1,535	13.7	13.3	14.0
Non-migrants	1,665	745	920	7.8	7.2	8.4
Migrants	1,250	635	615	5.9	6.1	5.6
Internal migrants	1,190	605	580	5.6	5.8	5.3
Intraprovincial migrants	975	475	500	4.6	4.6	4.6
Interprovincial migrants	210	130	80	1.0	1.3	0.7
External migrants	65	30	30	0.3	0.3	0.3
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	20,590	9,935	10,650	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	11,505	5,635	5,875	55.9	56.7	55.2
Movers	9,085	4,305	4,780	44.1	43.3	44.9
Non-migrants	3,520	1,630	1,885	17.1	16.4	17.7
Migrants	5,570	2,675	2,895	27.1	26.9	27.2
Internal migrants	5,340	2,565	2,780	25.9	25.8	26.1
Intraprovincial migrants	4,595	2,160	2,435	22.3	21.7	22.9
Interprovincial migrants	745	405	340	3.6	4.1	3.2
External migrants	225	105	115	1.1	1.1	1.1
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	18,290	8,880	9,410	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	4,980	2,655	2,325	27.2	29.9	24.7
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	13,315	6,230	7,085	72.8	70.2	75.3
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	10,650	5,140	5,515	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	2,200	1,260	940	20.7	24.5	17.0
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	8,455	3,880	4,575	79.4	75.5	83.0
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	18,295	8,880	9,415	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	4,110	2,095	2,010	22.5	23.6	21.3
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	5,915	2,770	3,145	32.3	31.2	33.4
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	8,270	4,015	4,255	45.2	45.2	45.2
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	6,305	3,240	3,070	34.5	36.5	32.6
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	2,260	1,730	535	12.4	19.5	5.7
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	885	505	375	4.8	5.7	4.0
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	1,380	1,225	155	7.5	13.8	1.6
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	3,470	1,310	2,150	19.0	14.8	22.8
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	580	195	385	3.2	2.2	4.1
Bachelor's degree or higher	1,960	775	1,190	10.7	8.7	12.6
Bachelor's degree	1,345	550	795	7.4	6.2	8.4
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	170	50	115	0.9	0.6	1.2
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	45	25	25	0.2	0.3	0.3
Master's degree	360	130	230	2.0	1.5	2.4
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	40	20	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	10,655	5,140	5,510	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	1,725	975	750	16.2	19.0	13.6
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	3,360	1,630	1,730	31.5	31.7	31.4
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	5,570	2,535	3,035	52.3	49.3	55.1
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	4,145	2,005	2,135	38.9	39.0	38.7
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	1,360	1,020	345	12.8	19.8	6.3
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	555	315	240	5.2	6.1	4.4
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	805	705	100	7.6	13.7	1.8
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	2,370	845	1,530	22.2	16.4	27.8
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	410	145	260	3.8	2.8	4.7
Bachelor's degree or higher	1,420	525	895	13.3	10.2	16.2
Bachelor's degree	970	380	590	9.1	7.4	10.7
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	120	25	95	1.1	0.5	1.7
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	30	15	20	0.3	0.3	0.4
Master's degree	280	90	185	2.6	1.8	3.4
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	30	20	15	0.3	0.4	0.3
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	18,295	8,880	9,415	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	10,020	4,865	5,155	54.8	54.8	54.8
Education	605	165	440	3.3	1.9	4.7
13. Education	605	165	440	3.3	1.9	4.7
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	170	80	90	0.9	0.9	1.0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	30	25	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
50. Visual and performing arts	140	55	85	0.8	0.6	0.9
Humanities	290	100	190	1.6	1.1	2.0
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	30	0	25	0.2	0.0	0.3
23. English language and literature/letters	70	15	55	0.4	0.2	0.6
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	95	30	75	0.5	0.3	0.8
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	20	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
39. Theology and religious vocations	35	15	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
54. History	35	30	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	645	175	470	3.5	2.0	5.0
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	25	15	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	225	20	210	1.2	0.2	2.2
22. Legal professions and studies	50	0	45	0.3	0.0	0.5
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
42. Psychology	140	45	100	0.8	0.5	1.1
45. Social sciences	180	85	90	1.0	1.0	1.0
Business, management and public administration	1,270	355	915	6.9	4.0	9.7
30.16 Accounting and computer science	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
44. Public administration and social service professions	220	50	170	1.2	0.6	1.8
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	1,040	305	740	5.7	3.4	7.9
Physical and life sciences and technologies	155	75	80	0.8	0.8	0.8
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	90	40	50	0.5	0.5	0.5
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	25	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.2
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
40. Physical sciences	25	25	0	0.1	0.3	0.0
41. Science technologies/technicians	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	115	75	45	0.6	0.8	0.5
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	100	65	30	0.5	0.7	0.3
25. Library science	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
27. Mathematics and statistics	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	2,180	2,095	85	11.9	23.6	0.9
04. Architecture and related services	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
14. Engineering	115	90	30	0.6	1.0	0.3
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	355	340	15	1.9	3.8	0.2
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	680	665	20	3.7	7.5	0.2
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	700	685	10	3.8	7.7	0.1
48. Precision production	320	305	15	1.7	3.4	0.2
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	325	205	110	1.8	2.3	1.2
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	150	65	80	0.8	0.7	0.8
03. Natural resources and conservation	170	140	35	0.9	1.6	0.4
Health and related fields	1,700	305	1,400	9.3	3.4	14.9
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	45	35	15	0.2	0.4	0.2
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	1,630	260	1,370	8.9	2.9	14.6
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	20	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Personal, protective and transportation services	810	380	425	4.4	4.3	4.5
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	540	150	390	3.0	1.7	4.1
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	75	60	15	0.4	0.7	0.2
49. Transportation and materials moving	185	170	15	1.0	1.9	0.2
Other¹⁷⁹	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	10,655	5,145	5,515	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	5,085	2,610	2,480	47.7	50.7	45.0
Education	350	95	260	3.3	1.8	4.7
13. Education	350	95	260	3.3	1.8	4.7
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	110	45	65	1.0	0.9	1.2
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
50. Visual and performing arts	105	35	65	1.0	0.7	1.2
Humanities	195	65	130	1.8	1.3	2.4
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	30	10	25	0.3	0.2	0.5
23. English language and literature/letters	45	15	35	0.4	0.3	0.6
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	60	15	45	0.6	0.3	0.8
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.3
39. Theology and religious vocations	30	15	10	0.3	0.3	0.2
54. History	15	15	0	0.1	0.3	0.0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	510	140	375	4.8	2.7	6.8
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.2
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	180	15	165	1.7	0.3	3.0
22. Legal professions and studies	40	0	40	0.4	0.0	0.7
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
42. Psychology	110	30	80	1.0	0.6	1.5
45. Social sciences	140	75	65	1.3	1.5	1.2
Business, management and public administration	880	225	655	8.3	4.4	11.9
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	180	45	135	1.7	0.9	2.4
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	690	180	515	6.5	3.5	9.3
Physical and life sciences and technologies	110	40	70	1.0	0.8	1.3
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	70	25	45	0.7	0.5	0.8
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	20	0	20	0.2	0.0	0.4
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
40. Physical sciences	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	75	55	25	0.7	1.1	0.5
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	65	55	15	0.6	1.1	0.3
25. Library science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	1,295	1,225	75	12.2	23.8	1.4
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
14. Engineering	85	60	25	0.8	1.2	0.5
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	200	195	0	1.9	3.8	0.0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	425	405	20	4.0	7.9	0.4
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	385	370	10	3.6	7.2	0.2
48. Precision production	195	190	10	1.8	3.7	0.2
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	215	130	80	2.0	2.5	1.5
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	100	40	60	0.9	0.8	1.1
03. Natural resources and conservation	115	95	20	1.1	1.8	0.4
Health and related fields	1,245	235	1,010	11.7	4.6	18.3
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	35	25	10	0.3	0.5	0.2
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	1,195	205	995	11.2	4.0	18.0
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Personal, protective and transportation services	570	275	295	5.3	5.3	5.3
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	400	130	275	3.8	2.5	5.0
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	55	40	15	0.5	0.8	0.3
49. Transportation and materials moving	110	105	0	1.0	2.0	0.0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	10,655	5,145	5,515	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	5,085	2,610	2,480	47.7	50.7	45.0
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	5,565	2,535	3,035	52.2	49.3	55.0
Location of study inside Canada	5,290	2,410	2,875	49.6	46.8	52.1
Same as province or territory of residence	4,465	1,995	2,465	41.9	38.8	44.7
Different than province or territory of residence	830	415	410	7.8	8.1	7.4
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	280	120	155	2.6	2.3	2.8
Americas	90	40	55	0.8	0.8	1.0
United States of America	60	25	40	0.6	0.5	0.7
Mexico	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Cuba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Europe	60	25	35	0.6	0.5	0.6
Belgium	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germany	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Netherlands	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Switzerland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	30	15	15	0.3	0.3	0.3
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Europe	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Africa	15	10	10	0.1	0.2	0.2
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	15	10	10	0.1	0.2	0.2
Other locations of study in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asia	95	35	60	0.9	0.7	1.1
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwan	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	50	20	35	0.5	0.4	0.6
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania	20	15	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
Australia	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
New Zealand	15	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	18,295	8,880	9,415	...	...	...
In the labour force	9,550	4,760	4,785	...	...	...
Employed	8,655	4,245	4,410	...	...	...
Unemployed	895	520	375	...	...	...
Not in the labour force	8,745	4,120	4,625	...	...	...
Participation rate	52.2	53.6	50.8	52.2	53.6	50.8
Employment rate	47.3	47.8	46.8	47.3	47.8	46.8
Unemployment rate	9.4	10.9	7.8	9.4	10.9	7.8
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	18,295	8,880	9,415	100.0	100.0	100.0
Did not work¹⁸⁶	8,895	4,175	4,720	48.6	47.0	50.1
Worked	9,400	4,705	4,695	51.4	53.0	49.9
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	4,350	2,340	2,005	23.8	26.4	21.3
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	5,050	2,365	2,685	27.6	26.6	28.5
Average weeks worked in reference year	39.9	40.4	39.5	39.9	40.4	39.5
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	9,550	4,765	4,790	100.0	100.0	100.0
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	290	150	140	3.0	3.1	2.9
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	9,265	4,615	4,650	97.0	96.9	97.1
Employee	7,885	3,845	4,035	82.6	80.7	84.2
Permanent position	6,620	3,225	3,395	69.3	67.7	70.9
Temporary position	1,265	625	640	13.2	13.1	13.4
Fixed term (1 year or more)	350	155	200	3.7	3.3	4.2
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	910	470	445	9.5	9.9	9.3
Self-employed¹⁹²	1,380	765	610	14.5	16.1	12.7
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	9,550	4,765	4,790	100.0	100.0	100.0
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	290	150	140	3.0	3.1	2.9
All occupations¹⁹¹	9,265	4,615	4,650	97.0	96.9	97.1
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	75	40	35	0.8	0.8	0.7
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	1,060	230	830	11.1	4.8	17.3
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	360	305	55	3.8	6.4	1.1
3 Health occupations	910	135	780	9.5	2.8	16.3
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	1,205	315	890	12.6	6.6	18.6
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	190	70	120	2.0	1.5	2.5
6 Sales and service occupations	2,515	930	1,585	26.3	19.5	33.1
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	2,055	1,865	185	21.5	39.1	3.9
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	405	320	90	4.2	6.7	1.9
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	485	400	85	5.1	8.4	1.8
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	9,550	4,765	4,790	100.0	100.0	100.0
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	290	150	140	3.0	3.1	2.9
All industries¹⁹¹	9,265	4,615	4,650	97.0	96.9	97.1
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	560	445	110	5.9	9.3	2.3
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	55	50	10	0.6	1.0	0.2
22 Utilities	30	30	0	0.3	0.6	0.0
23 Construction	900	810	85	9.4	17.0	1.8
31-33 Manufacturing	670	530	135	7.0	11.1	2.8
41 Wholesale trade	90	65	25	0.9	1.4	0.5
44-45 Retail trade	1,320	575	745	13.8	12.1	15.6
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	360	270	90	3.8	5.7	1.9
51 Information and cultural industries	90	20	70	0.9	0.4	1.5
52 Finance and insurance	170	25	145	1.8	0.5	3.0
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	85	35	50	0.9	0.7	1.0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	300	150	150	3.1	3.1	3.1
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	405	225	185	4.2	4.7	3.9
61 Educational services	525	150	370	5.5	3.1	7.7
62 Health care and social assistance	1,745	330	1,415	18.3	6.9	29.5
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	175	80	90	1.8	1.7	1.9
72 Accommodation and food services	760	325	435	8.0	6.8	9.1
81 Other services (except public administration)	425	185	245	4.5	3.9	5.1
91 Public administration	605	305	295	6.3	6.4	6.2
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	10,245	5,115	5,130	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	10,055	5,035	5,015	98.1	98.4	97.8
French	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Non-official language	25	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	20	10	15	0.2	0.2	0.3
English and French	80	45	30	0.8	0.9	0.6
English and non-official language(s)	85	25	60	0.8	0.5	1.2
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	10,245	5,115	5,130	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	10,225	5,100	5,130	99.8	99.7	100.0
Official languages	10,185	5,080	5,100	99.4	99.3	99.4
English	10,155	5,070	5,085	99.1	99.1	99.1
French	30	15	15	0.3	0.3	0.3
Non-official languages	40	20	20	0.4	0.4	0.4
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	35	20	20	0.3	0.4	0.4
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	20	15	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	10,245	5,115	5,130	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	10,105	5,060	5,045	98.6	98.9	98.3
English	40	20	20	0.4	0.4	0.4
French	45	25	25	0.4	0.5	0.5
Non-official language	55	15	45	0.5	0.3	0.9
Indigenous³⁹	50	10	40	0.5	0.2	0.8
Non-Indigenous	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	8,655	4,245	4,410	100.0	100.0	100.0
Worked at home	825	325	500	9.5	7.7	11.3
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
No fixed workplace address	1,640	1,145	490	18.9	27.0	11.1
Usual place of work	6,185	2,770	3,420	71.5	65.3	77.6
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	6,185	2,770	3,415	100.0	100.0	100.0
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	4,070	1,615	2,455	65.8	58.3	71.9
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	1,370	670	700	22.2	24.2	20.5
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	710	450	255	11.5	16.2	7.5
Commute to a different province or territory	40	40	0	0.6	1.4	0.0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	7,825	3,915	3,910	100.0	100.0	100.0
Car, truck or van	7,015	3,515	3,500	89.6	89.8	89.5
Car, truck or van - as a driver	6,410	3,245	3,170	81.9	82.9	81.1
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	605	275	335	7.7	7.0	8.6
Public transit	145	75	75	1.9	1.9	1.9
Walked	405	180	230	5.2	4.6	5.9
Bicycle	75	50	25	1.0	1.3	0.6
Other method	185	100	85	2.4	2.6	2.2
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	7,825	3,915	3,910	100.0	100.0	100.0
Less than 15 minutes	5,300	2,275	3,025	67.7	58.1	77.4
15 to 29 minutes	1,250	700	550	16.0	17.9	14.1
30 to 44 minutes	435	295	145	5.6	7.5	3.7
45 to 59 minutes	245	165	75	3.1	4.2	1.9
60 minutes and over	595	475	110	7.6	12.1	2.8
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	7,825	3,915	3,910	100.0	100.0	100.0
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	670	495	180	8.6	12.6	4.6
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	1,090	665	425	13.9	17.0	10.9
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	1,810	1,000	810	23.1	25.5	20.7
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	1,915	675	1,235	24.5	17.2	31.6
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	995	330	670	12.7	8.4	17.1
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	1,345	755	590	17.2	19.3	15.1
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	3,870	1,910	1,950	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	235	120	120	6.1	6.3	6.2
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	3,630	1,800	1,835	93.8	94.2	94.1
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	2,925	1,430	1,495	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	180	90	90	6.2	6.3	6.0
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	110	50	60	3.8	3.5	4.0
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	75	40	35	2.6	2.8	2.3
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	2,745	1,335	1,410	93.8	93.4	94.3

Symbol legend

...
not applicable
^r
revised

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 30, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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