Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	ParksvilleMore information: British Columbia [Population centre]
	Counts			Rates
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	27,330	...	...	...	...	...
Population, 2016¹	25,364^r	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	7.8	...	...	7.8	...	...
Total private dwellings²	13,872	...	...	...	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	13,155	...	...	...	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	995.7	...	...	995.7	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	27.45	...	...	...	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	27,330	12,580	14,750	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	2,280	1,105	1,180	8.3	8.8	8.0
0 to 4 years	615	295	320	2.3	2.3	2.2
5 to 9 years	840	425	420	3.1	3.4	2.8
10 to 14 years	815	380	435	3.0	3.0	2.9
15 to 64 years	11,850	5,490	6,360	43.4	43.6	43.1
15 to 19 years	855	470	385	3.1	3.7	2.6
20 to 24 years	710	395	310	2.6	3.1	2.1
25 to 29 years	710	360	350	2.6	2.9	2.4
30 to 34 years	815	400	410	3.0	3.2	2.8
35 to 39 years	980	435	545	3.6	3.5	3.7
40 to 44 years	1,010	475	535	3.7	3.8	3.6
45 to 49 years	1,075	525	550	3.9	4.2	3.7
50 to 54 years	1,210	535	675	4.4	4.3	4.6
55 to 59 years	1,825	760	1,065	6.7	6.0	7.2
60 to 64 years	2,655	1,130	1,530	9.7	9.0	10.4
65 years and over	13,205	5,990	7,215	48.3	47.6	48.9
65 to 69 years	3,165	1,400	1,765	11.6	11.1	12.0
70 to 74 years	3,675	1,660	2,015	13.4	13.2	13.7
75 to 79 years	2,820	1,305	1,515	10.3	10.4	10.3
80 to 84 years	1,800	860	945	6.6	6.8	6.4
85 years and over	1,740	765	975	6.4	6.1	6.6
85 to 89 years	1,125	515	605	4.1	4.1	4.1
90 to 94 years	485	215	275	1.8	1.7	1.9
95 to 99 years	120	40	80	0.4	0.3	0.5
100 years and over	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	8.3	8.8	8.0	8.3	8.8	8.0
15 to 64 years	43.4	43.6	43.1	43.4	43.6	43.1
65 years and over	48.3	47.6	48.9	48.3	47.6	48.9
85 years and over	6.4	6.1	6.6	6.4	6.1	6.6
Average age of the population	57.2	56.3	58.0	57.2	56.3	58.0
Median age of the population	64.0	63.6	64.5	64.0	63.6	64.5
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	13,155	...	...	100.0	...	...
Single-detached house	9,240	...	...	70.2	...	...
Semi-detached house	775	...	...	5.9	...	...
Row house	1,150	...	...	8.7	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	185	...	...	1.4	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	1,305	...	...	9.9	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	65	...	...	0.5	...	...
Other single-attached house	20	...	...	0.2	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	410	...	...	3.1	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	13,155	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 person	4,040	...	...	30.7	...	...
2 persons	6,745	...	...	51.3	...	...
3 persons	1,165	...	...	8.9	...	...
4 persons	825	...	...	6.3	...	...
5 or more persons	375	...	...	2.9	...	...
Number of persons in private households	26,360	12,170	14,190	100.0	100.0	100.0
Average household size	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	25,050	11,480	13,570	100.0	100.0	100.0
Married or living common-law	16,350	8,150	8,195	65.3	71.0	60.4
Married	13,960	6,960	6,995	55.7	60.6	51.5
Living common-law	2,390	1,185	1,205	9.5	10.3	8.9
Living common law - Never married	1,210	620	595	4.8	5.4	4.4
Living common law - Separated	85	55	35	0.3	0.5	0.3
Living common law - Divorced	930	445	490	3.7	3.9	3.6
Living common law - Widowed	160	75	85	0.6	0.7	0.6
Not married and not living common-law	8,705	3,330	5,370	34.8	29.0	39.6
Not married and not living common law - Never married	3,680	1,945	1,730	14.7	16.9	12.7
Not married and not living common law - Separated	575	220	350	2.3	1.9	2.6
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	2,055	640	1,410	8.2	5.6	10.4
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	2,395	520	1,875	9.6	4.5	13.8
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	8,890	...	...	100.0	...	...
2 persons	6,825	...	...	76.8	...	...
3 persons	1,055	...	...	11.9	...	...
4 persons	765	...	...	8.6	...	...
5 or more persons	245	...	...	2.8	...	...
Average size of census families	2.4	...	...	2.4	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.6	...	...	1.6	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	8,890	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total couple families	7,965	...	...	89.6	...	...
Married couples	6,775	...	...	76.2	...	...
With children⁶	1,525	...	...	17.2	...	...
Without children	5,250	...	...	59.1	...	...
Common-law couples	1,195	...	...	13.4	...	...
With children⁶	295	...	...	3.3	...	...
Without children	900	...	...	10.1	...	...
Total one-parent families	920	...	...	10.3	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	725	...	...	8.2	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	195	...	...	2.2	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	26,360	12,170	14,190	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total - Persons in census families	21,150	10,410	10,745	80.2	85.5	75.7
Married spouses or common-law partners	15,935	7,940	7,995	60.5	65.2	56.3
Parents in one-parent families	925	190	730	3.5	1.6	5.1
Children⁶	4,300	2,275	2,025	16.3	18.7	14.3
In a two-parent family	3,070	1,620	1,450	11.6	13.3	10.2
In a one-parent family	1,225	655	575	4.6	5.4	4.1
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	5,210	1,760	3,450	19.8	14.5	24.3
Living alone	4,040	1,245	2,795	15.3	10.2	19.7
Living with other relatives⁷	365	125	245	1.4	1.0	1.7
Living with non-relatives only	795	390	405	3.0	3.2	2.9
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	13,155	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	8,295	...	...	63.1	...	...
Couple-family households	7,545	...	...	57.4	...	...
With children⁶	1,650	...	...	12.5	...	...
Without children	5,895	...	...	44.8	...	...
One-parent-family households	750	...	...	5.7	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	165	...	...	1.3	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	50	...	...	0.4	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	255	...	...	1.9	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	345	...	...	2.6	...	...
One-person households	4,045	...	...	30.7	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	24,095	11,075	13,025	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	23,735	10,890	12,840	98.5	98.3	98.6
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	38,800	45,600	34,000	38,800	45,600	34,000
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	23,735	10,895	12,845	98.5	98.4	98.6
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	35,600	42,000	31,600	35,600	42,000	31,600
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	21,730	10,115	11,625	90.2	91.3	89.3
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	27,600	35,200	22,000	27,600	35,200	22,000
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	11,600	5,720	5,880	48.1	51.6	45.1
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	25,600	29,200	22,800	25,600	29,200	22,800
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	21,225	9,485	11,735	88.1	85.6	90.1
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	15,300	15,900	14,800	15,300	15,900	14,800
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	1,390	670	710	5.8	6.0	5.5
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,480	5,720	5,120	5,480	5,720	5,120
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	4,070	1,790	2,280	16.9	16.2	17.5
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	24,045	11,040	13,005	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	23,640	10,850	12,790	98.3	98.3	98.3
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	47,480	55,550	40,640	47,480	55,550	40,640
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	23,645	10,855	12,790	98.3	98.3	98.3
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	41,480	48,000	35,960	41,480	48,000	35,960
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	21,540	10,025	11,515	89.6	90.8	88.5
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	38,360	46,760	31,000	38,360	46,760	31,000
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	11,540	5,760	5,780	48.0	52.2	44.4
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	38,080	44,120	32,040	38,080	44,120	32,040
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	21,115	9,485	11,630	87.8	85.9	89.4
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	14,060	14,100	14,020	14,060	14,100	14,020
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	1,425	665	760	5.9	6.0	5.8
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,570	6,860	6,320	6,570	6,860	6,320
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	3,960	1,745	2,210	16.5	15.8	17.0
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	9,430	8,890	9,860	9,430	8,890	9,860
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	24,045	11,040	13,005	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	4,050	2,255	1,795	16.8	20.4	13.8
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	60,400	68,000	53,600	60,400	68,000	53,600
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	70,000	77,100	61,000	70,000	77,100	61,000
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	5,030	2,265	2,765	20.9	20.5	21.3
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	18,000	21,000	16,200	18,000	21,000	16,200
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	26,400	30,760	22,800	26,400	30,760	22,800
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	73.6	77.8	68.6	73.6	77.8	68.6
Employment income (%)¹⁹	39.1	42.2	35.6	39.1	42.2	35.6
Government transfers (%)²⁰	26.5	22.2	31.4	26.5	22.2	31.4
Employment insurance benefits (%)	0.8	0.8	0.9	0.8	0.8	0.9
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	4.5	3.5	5.8	4.5	3.5	5.8
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	3.3	2.6	4.2	3.3	2.6	4.2
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	24,100	11,075	13,020	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without total income	365	180	185	1.5	1.6	1.4
With total income	23,730	10,895	12,840	98.5	98.4	98.6
Under $10,000 (including loss)	1,410	555	860	5.9	5.1	6.7
$10,000 to $19,999	2,995	995	1,995	12.6	9.1	15.5
$20,000 to $29,999	4,335	1,635	2,700	18.3	15.0	21.0
$30,000 to $39,999	3,525	1,445	2,085	14.9	13.3	16.2
$40,000 to $49,999	3,030	1,375	1,655	12.8	12.6	12.9
$50,000 to $59,999	2,300	1,125	1,175	9.7	10.3	9.2
$60,000 to $69,999	1,690	965	725	7.1	8.9	5.6
$70,000 to $79,999	1,240	735	505	5.2	6.7	3.9
$80,000 to $89,999	855	535	325	3.6	4.9	2.5
$90,000 to $99,999	605	385	225	2.5	3.5	1.8
$100,000 and over	1,740	1,150	590	7.3	10.6	4.6
$100,000 to $149,999	1,225	785	440	5.2	7.2	3.4
$150,000 and over	520	370	145	2.2	3.4	1.1
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	24,100	11,075	13,020	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without after-tax income	365	180	180	1.5	1.6	1.4
With after-tax income	23,735	10,890	12,845	98.5	98.3	98.7
Under $10,000 (including loss)	1,605	590	1,015	6.8	5.4	7.9
$10,000 to $19,999	3,115	1,035	2,080	13.1	9.5	16.2
$20,000 to $29,999	4,775	1,845	2,935	20.1	16.9	22.8
$30,000 to $39,999	4,075	1,700	2,375	17.2	15.6	18.5
$40,000 to $49,999	3,245	1,530	1,715	13.7	14.0	13.4
$50,000 to $59,999	2,295	1,255	1,045	9.7	11.5	8.1
$60,000 to $69,999	1,555	940	620	6.6	8.6	4.8
$70,000 to $79,999	1,000	640	365	4.2	5.9	2.8
$80,000 to $89,999	670	420	255	2.8	3.9	2.0
$90,000 to $99,999	410	270	140	1.7	2.5	1.1
$100,000 and over	975	675	300	4.1	6.2	2.3
$100,000 to $124,999	535	360	180	2.3	3.3	1.4
$125,000 and over	440	315	125	1.9	2.9	1.0
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	24,100	11,075	13,020	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without employment income	12,500	5,350	7,145	51.9	48.3	54.9
With employment income	11,605	5,725	5,875	48.2	51.7	45.1
Under $5,000 (including loss)	2,660	1,335	1,325	22.9	23.3	22.6
$5,000 to $9,999	1,005	420	585	8.7	7.3	10.0
$10,000 to $19,999	1,445	645	805	12.5	11.3	13.7
$20,000 to $29,999	1,190	485	705	10.3	8.5	12.0
$30,000 to $39,999	995	410	580	8.6	7.2	9.9
$40,000 to $49,999	880	385	495	7.6	6.7	8.4
$50,000 to $59,999	755	355	400	6.5	6.2	6.8
$60,000 to $69,999	620	360	255	5.3	6.3	4.3
$70,000 to $79,999	475	285	185	4.1	5.0	3.1
$80,000 to $89,999	360	215	145	3.1	3.8	2.5
$90,000 to $99,999	310	185	125	2.7	3.2	2.1
$100,000 and over	900	635	265	7.8	11.1	4.5
$100,000 to $124,999	425	265	165	3.7	4.6	2.8
$125,000 and over	480	375	105	4.1	6.6	1.8
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	24,095	11,075	13,025	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	23,450	10,745	12,705	97.3	97.0	97.5
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	37,600	46,000	31,800	37,600	46,000	31,800
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	23,505	10,755	12,745	97.6	97.1	97.9
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	34,000	41,200	29,000	34,000	41,200	29,000
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	21,815	10,115	11,700	90.5	91.3	89.8
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	29,200	36,800	23,200	29,200	36,800	23,200
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	13,440	6,615	6,825	55.8	59.7	52.4
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	22,400	26,600	20,200	22,400	26,600	20,200
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	18,760	8,135	10,620	77.9	73.5	81.5
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	14,100	15,300	13,200	14,100	15,300	13,200
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	1,085	520	570	4.5	4.7	4.4
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	5,480	5,760	4,960	5,480	5,760	4,960
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	24,045	11,040	13,005	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	23,400	10,700	12,695	97.3	96.9	97.6
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	46,800	56,300	38,760	46,800	56,300	38,760
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	23,435	10,710	12,725	97.5	97.0	97.8
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	40,120	47,760	33,720	40,120	47,760	33,720
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	21,705	10,050	11,660	90.3	91.0	89.7
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	39,800	49,440	31,480	39,800	49,440	31,480
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	13,335	6,665	6,670	55.5	60.4	51.3
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	35,680	41,800	29,600	35,680	41,800	29,600
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	18,700	8,140	10,560	77.8	73.7	81.2
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	12,350	13,000	11,850	12,350	13,000	11,850
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	1,115	525	585	4.6	4.8	4.5
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,960	6,880	7,040	6,960	6,880	7,040
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	24,045	11,040	13,005	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	4,045	2,245	1,800	16.8	20.3	13.8
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	56,800	64,500	50,400	56,800	64,500	50,400
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	67,000	75,300	56,600	67,000	75,300	56,600
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	4,910	2,195	2,710	20.4	19.9	20.8
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	23,000	27,800	20,600	23,000	27,800	20,600
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	32,320	38,880	26,960	32,320	38,880	26,960
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	79.0	82.4	74.6	79.0	82.4	74.6
Employment income (%)	43.4	46.2	40.1	43.4	46.2	40.1
Government transfers (%)	21.1	17.6	25.4	21.1	17.6	25.4
Employment insurance benefits (%)	0.7	0.6	0.8	0.7	0.6	0.8
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	13,155	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	72,000	...	...	72,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	66,000	...	...	66,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	4,040	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	39,200	...	...	39,200	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	36,400	...	...	36,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	9,110	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	89,000	...	...	89,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	81,000	...	...	81,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	13,150	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	85,400	...	...	85,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	74,600	...	...	74,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	4,015	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	47,280	...	...	47,280	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	41,880	...	...	41,880	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	9,130	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	102,200	...	...	102,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	89,000	...	...	89,000	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	13,155	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	90	...	...	0.7	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	45	...	...	0.3	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	75	...	...	0.6	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	195	...	...	1.5	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	670	...	...	5.1	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	515	...	...	3.9	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	490	...	...	3.7	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	650	...	...	4.9	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	600	...	...	4.6	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	625	...	...	4.8	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	1,170	...	...	8.9	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	1,205	...	...	9.2	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	1,060	...	...	8.1	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	950	...	...	7.2	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	805	...	...	6.1	...	...
$100,000 and over	4,020	...	...	30.6	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,555	...	...	11.8	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	955	...	...	7.3	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	870	...	...	6.6	...	...
$200,000 and over	645	...	...	4.9	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	13,155	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	105	...	...	0.8	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	55	...	...	0.4	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	85	...	...	0.6	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	215	...	...	1.6	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	680	...	...	5.2	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	575	...	...	4.4	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	600	...	...	4.6	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	690	...	...	5.2	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	685	...	...	5.2	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	680	...	...	5.2	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	1,395	...	...	10.6	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	1,370	...	...	10.4	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	1,150	...	...	8.7	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	1,045	...	...	7.9	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	875	...	...	6.7	...	...
$100,000 and over	2,960	...	...	22.5	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,340	...	...	10.2	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	740	...	...	5.6	...	...
$150,000 and over	880	...	...	6.7	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	8,860	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	88,000	...	...	88,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	80,000	...	...	80,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.4	...	...	2.4	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	5,960	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	83,000	...	...	83,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	75,500	...	...	75,500	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	1,840	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	125,000	...	...	125,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	110,000	...	...	110,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	3.8	...	...	3.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	875	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	63,600	...	...	63,600	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	60,000	...	...	60,000	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.4	...	...	2.4	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	4,840	1,640	3,200	...	...	...
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	38,000	39,600	37,200	38,000	39,600	37,200
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	35,200	36,400	34,400	35,200	36,400	34,400
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	8,855	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	102,100	...	...	102,100	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	89,000	...	...	89,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	6,050	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	96,600	...	...	96,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	84,300	...	...	84,300	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,820	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	134,800	...	...	134,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	115,500	...	...	115,500	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	825	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	69,400	...	...	69,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	63,300	...	...	63,300	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	4,850	1,650	3,200	...	...	...
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	45,040	48,720	43,160	45,040	48,720	43,160
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	39,840	42,760	38,360	39,840	42,760	38,360
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	26,360	12,165	14,195	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	2,800	1,400	1,405	10.6	11.5	9.9
0 to 5 years	770	370	395	2.9	3.0	2.8
18 to 64 years	11,085	5,055	6,030	42.1	41.6	42.5
65 years and over	12,470	5,715	6,755	47.3	47.0	47.6
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	2,635	1,005	1,630	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	325	140	190	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	105	45	55	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	1,040	445	595	...	...	...
65 years and over	1,265	425	845	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	10.0	8.3	11.5	10.0	8.3	11.5
0 to 17 years (%)	11.6	9.8	13.4	11.6	9.8	13.4
0 to 5 years (%)	13.4	12.8	14.0	13.4	12.8	14.0
18 to 64 years (%)	9.4	8.8	9.9	9.4	8.8	9.9
65 years and over (%)	10.2	7.4	12.5	10.2	7.4	12.5
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	26,360	12,170	14,190	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	2,805	1,395	1,405	10.6	11.5	9.9
0 to 5 years	765	375	395	2.9	3.1	2.8
18 to 64 years	11,085	5,055	6,030	42.1	41.5	42.5
65 years and over	12,475	5,720	6,760	47.3	47.0	47.6
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	620	285	330	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	90	50	40	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	15	10	10	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	415	200	220	...	...	...
65 years and over	110	40	70	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	2.4	2.4	2.3	2.4	2.4	2.3
0 to 17 years (%)	3.2	3.4	3.0	3.2	3.4	3.0
0 to 5 years (%)	2.4	2.5	2.4	2.4	2.5	2.4
18 to 64 years (%)	3.8	3.9	3.6	3.8	3.9	3.6
65 years and over (%)	0.9	0.7	1.0	0.9	0.7	1.0
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	26,360	12,165	14,195	100.0	100.0	100.0
In bottom half of the distribution	13,820	6,040	7,780	52.4	49.7	54.8
In bottom decile	2,265	895	1,370	8.6	7.4	9.7
In second decile	2,785	1,155	1,635	10.6	9.5	11.5
In third decile	2,765	1,225	1,540	10.5	10.1	10.8
In fourth decile	2,985	1,360	1,620	11.3	11.2	11.4
In fifth decile	3,015	1,400	1,610	11.4	11.5	11.3
In top half of the distribution	12,545	6,130	6,415	47.6	50.4	45.2
In sixth decile	2,970	1,390	1,575	11.3	11.4	11.1
In seventh decile	2,985	1,435	1,545	11.3	11.8	10.9
In eighth decile	2,500	1,230	1,275	9.5	10.1	9.0
In ninth decile	2,145	1,100	1,045	8.1	9.0	7.4
In top decile	1,945	975	970	7.4	8.0	6.8
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	26,360	...	...	26,360	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.305	...	...	0.305	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.444	...	...	0.444	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.270	...	...	0.270	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.4	...	...	3.4	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	26,835	12,405	14,430	100.0	100.0	100.0
English only	25,075	11,655	13,420	93.4	94.0	93.0
French only	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and French	1,715	735	980	6.4	5.9	6.8
Neither English nor French	50	15	30	0.2	0.1	0.2
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	26,835	12,405	14,430	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	26,440	12,255	14,185	98.5	98.8	98.3
French	330	130	200	1.2	1.0	1.4
English and French	15	5	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Neither English nor French	45	15	35	0.2	0.1	0.2
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	26,835	12,405	14,430	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	26,500	12,260	14,245	98.8	98.8	98.7
Official languages	24,560	11,395	13,160	91.5	91.9	91.2
English	24,180	11,240	12,940	90.1	90.6	89.7
French	375	150	220	1.4	1.2	1.5
Non-official languages	1,945	860	1,080	7.2	6.9	7.5
Indigenous languages³⁹	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	1,940	865	1,075	7.2	7.0	7.4
Afro-Asiatic languages	30	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	30	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	25	5	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	25	5	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	175	60	110	0.7	0.5	0.8
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	10	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	145	55	95	0.5	0.4	0.7
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	20	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	15	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	1,390	640	750	5.2	5.2	5.2
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	235	105	130	0.9	0.8	0.9
Baltic languages	15	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.0
Latvian	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	225	95	125	0.8	0.8	0.9
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	25	5	20	0.1	0.0	0.1
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	50	15	30	0.2	0.1	0.2
Russian	30	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	20	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	15	5	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Serbian	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	80	40	35	0.3	0.3	0.2
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	830	365	470	3.1	2.9	3.3
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	450	175	275	1.7	1.4	1.9
German	435	170	260	1.6	1.4	1.8
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	15	5	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	260	135	125	1.0	1.1	0.9
Afrikaans	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Dutch	235	120	115	0.9	1.0	0.8
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	120	50	70	0.4	0.4	0.5
Danish	70	35	40	0.3	0.3	0.3
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	20	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Swedish	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	10	10	5	0.0	0.1	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	65	35	30	0.2	0.3	0.2
Indo-Aryan languages	50	25	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	20	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	15	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	15	5	5	0.1	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	10	10	5	0.0	0.1	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	230	130	105	0.9	1.0	0.7
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	130	80	50	0.5	0.6	0.3
Portuguese	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Romanian	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	60	30	30	0.2	0.2	0.2
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	45	10	35	0.2	0.1	0.2
Korean	75	35	40	0.3	0.3	0.3
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	105	40	60	0.4	0.3	0.4
Chinese languages	95	40	60	0.4	0.3	0.4
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	50	20	30	0.2	0.2	0.2
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	35	20	20	0.1	0.2	0.1
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	65	30	35	0.2	0.2	0.2
Estonian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	15	5	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Hungarian	45	20	20	0.2	0.2	0.1
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	335	150	185	1.2	1.2	1.3
English and French	85	35	50	0.3	0.3	0.3
English and non-official language(s)	225	105	120	0.8	0.8	0.8
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	26,835	12,405	14,430	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	25,395	11,810	13,590	94.6	95.2	94.2
French	40	15	25	0.1	0.1	0.2
Non-official language	195	85	105	0.7	0.7	0.7
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	195	85	105	0.7	0.7	0.7
English and French	185	65	120	0.7	0.5	0.8
English and non-official language(s)	975	400	575	3.6	3.2	4.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	35	20	15	0.1	0.2	0.1
Multiple non-official languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	26,835	12,405	14,430	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	26,660	12,335	14,330	99.3	99.4	99.3
Official languages	26,285	12,170	14,120	98.0	98.1	97.9
English	26,230	12,140	14,085	97.7	97.9	97.6
French	60	25	35	0.2	0.2	0.2
Non-official languages	370	165	205	1.4	1.3	1.4
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	370	165	205	1.4	1.3	1.4
Afro-Asiatic languages	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	85	35	50	0.3	0.3	0.3
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	80	35	45	0.3	0.3	0.3
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	125	55	70	0.5	0.4	0.5
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	25	5	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	25	5	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	60	30	30	0.2	0.2	0.2
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
German	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	25	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Afrikaans	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Indo-Aryan languages	15	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	25	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	15	5	5	0.1	0.0	0.0
Korean	65	30	35	0.2	0.2	0.2
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	40	20	20	0.1	0.2	0.1
Chinese languages	30	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	15	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	175	75	105	0.7	0.6	0.7
English and French	15	5	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
English and non-official language(s)	155	65	90	0.6	0.5	0.6
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	26,835	12,410	14,430	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	25,785	11,980	13,805	96.1	96.5	95.7
English	180	80	100	0.7	0.6	0.7
French	160	55	105	0.6	0.4	0.7
Non-official language	620	250	370	2.3	2.0	2.6
Indigenous³⁹	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	615	245	370	2.3	2.0	2.6
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	55	25	30	0.2	0.2	0.2
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	26,295	12,135	14,155	100.0	100.0	100.0
Official languages	26,270	12,130	14,140	99.9	100.0	99.9
English	26,270	12,130	14,140	99.9	100.0	99.9
French	1,675	645	1,030	6.4	5.3	7.3
Non-official languages	2,565	1,110	1,450	9.8	9.1	10.2
Indigenous languages³⁹	20	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	2,540	1,100	1,435	9.7	9.1	10.1
Afro-Asiatic languages	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	310	120	195	1.2	1.0	1.4
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	25	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Indonesian	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	295	110	185	1.1	0.9	1.3
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	15	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	30	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	30	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	1,810	800	1,010	6.9	6.6	7.1
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	240	100	145	0.9	0.8	1.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	240	100	140	0.9	0.8	1.0
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	35	10	25	0.1	0.1	0.2
Macedonian	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	60	20	40	0.2	0.2	0.3
Russian	40	15	20	0.2	0.1	0.1
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	45	20	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	35	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Serbian	15	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Ukrainian	70	35	35	0.3	0.3	0.2
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	955	435	515	3.6	3.6	3.6
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	620	265	355	2.4	2.2	2.5
German	615	260	355	2.3	2.1	2.5
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Yiddish	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	250	140	100	1.0	1.2	0.7
Afrikaans	55	25	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
Dutch	195	115	80	0.7	0.9	0.6
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	115	60	55	0.4	0.5	0.4
Danish	65	40	25	0.2	0.3	0.2
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Swedish	30	10	25	0.1	0.1	0.2
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Indo-Iranian languages	95	55	45	0.4	0.5	0.3
Indo-Aryan languages	85	45	40	0.3	0.4	0.3
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Hindi	60	30	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	45	30	15	0.2	0.2	0.1
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	15	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	15	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	560	240	325	2.1	2.0	2.3
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	105	60	45	0.4	0.5	0.3
Portuguese	50	25	30	0.2	0.2	0.2
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	440	165	275	1.7	1.4	1.9
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	60	20	40	0.2	0.2	0.3
Korean	100	40	60	0.4	0.3	0.4
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	20	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
American Sign Language	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Sino-Tibetan languages	125	55	75	0.5	0.5	0.5
Chinese languages	125	55	75	0.5	0.5	0.5
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	75	20	50	0.3	0.2	0.4
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	55	35	25	0.2	0.3	0.2
Chinese, n.o.s.	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	80	40	40	0.3	0.3	0.3
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	20	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Hungarian	55	30	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	26,290	12,140	14,155	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	1,010	440	570	3.8	3.6	4.0
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	970	425	545	3.7	3.5	3.9
First Nations (North American Indian)	400	170	230	1.5	1.4	1.6
Métis	545	250	295	2.1	2.1	2.1
Inuk (Inuit)	30	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	25	0	25	0.1	0.0	0.2
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	10	10	10	0.0	0.1	0.1
Non-Indigenous identity	25,285	11,700	13,585	96.2	96.4	96.0
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	26,290	12,140	14,155	100.0	100.0	100.0
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	245	95	155	0.9	0.8	1.1
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	26,045	12,045	14,005	99.1	99.2	98.9
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	13,145	...	...	100.0	...	...
Owner	10,575	...	...	80.4	...	...
Renter	2,570	...	...	19.6	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	13,145	...	...	100.0	...	...
Condominium	2,125	...	...	16.2	...	...
Not condominium	11,020	...	...	83.8	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	13,145	...	...	100.0	...	...
No bedrooms	45	...	...	0.3	...	...
1 bedroom	845	...	...	6.4	...	...
2 bedrooms	4,925	...	...	37.5	...	...
3 bedrooms	5,715	...	...	43.5	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	1,615	...	...	12.3	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	13,145	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	2,925	...	...	22.3	...	...
5 rooms	2,825	...	...	21.5	...	...
6 rooms	2,615	...	...	19.9	...	...
7 rooms	1,845	...	...	14.0	...	...
8 or more rooms	2,935	...	...	22.3	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.1	...	...	6.1	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	13,145	...	...	100.0	...	...
One person or fewer per room	13,095	...	...	99.6	...	...
More than one person per room	50	...	...	0.4	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	13,145	...	...	100.0	...	...
Suitable	12,935	...	...	98.4	...	...
Not suitable	210	...	...	1.6	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	13,145	...	...	100.0	...	...
1960 or before	730	...	...	5.6	...	...
1961 to 1980	2,980	...	...	22.7	...	...
1981 to 1990	2,375	...	...	18.1	...	...
1991 to 2000	3,505	...	...	26.7	...	...
2001 to 2005	965	...	...	7.3	...	...
2006 to 2010	945	...	...	7.2	...	...
2011 to 2015	615	...	...	4.7	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	1,025	...	...	7.8	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	13,145	...	...	100.0	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	12,725	...	...	96.8	...	...
Major repairs needed	420	...	...	3.2	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	13,145	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-maintainer household	6,100	...	...	46.4	...	...
Two-maintainer household	6,760	...	...	51.4	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	280	...	...	2.1	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	13,145	...	...	100.0	...	...
15 to 24 years	125	...	...	1.0	...	...
25 to 34 years	530	...	...	4.0	...	...
35 to 44 years	995	...	...	7.6	...	...
45 to 54 years	1,160	...	...	8.8	...	...
55 to 64 years	2,470	...	...	18.8	...	...
65 to 74 years	3,915	...	...	29.8	...	...
75 to 84 years	2,875	...	...	21.9	...	...
85 years and over	1,080	...	...	8.2	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	13,115	...	...	100.0	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	10,505	...	...	80.1	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	2,610	...	...	19.9	...	...
30% to less than 100%	2,400	...	...	18.3	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	13,145	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	3,070	...	...	23.4	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	2,455	...	...	18.7	...	...
Not suitable only	160	...	...	1.2	...	...
Major repairs needed only	295	...	...	2.2	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	40	...	...	0.3	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	110	...	...	0.8	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	10	...	...	0.1	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Acceptable housing	10,075	...	...	76.6	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	12,905	...	...	100.0	...	...
In core need	1,015	...	...	7.9	...	...
Not in core need	11,890	...	...	92.1	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	10,570	...	...	...	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	39.7	...	...	39.7	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	13.0	...	...	13.0	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	4.3	...	...	4.3	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	695	...	...	695	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,040	...	...	1,040	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	650,000	...	...	650,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	682,000	...	...	682,000	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	2,575	...	...	...	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	15.0	...	...	15.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	48.6	...	...	48.6	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	22.8	...	...	22.8	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,330	...	...	1,330	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,374	...	...	1,374	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	...	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	26,295	12,140	14,155	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	280	120	165	1.1	1.0	1.2
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	280	120	165	1.1	1.0	1.2
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	190	80	105	0.7	0.7	0.7
Métis single ancestry	90	35	50	0.3	0.3	0.4
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	850	410	440	3.2	3.4	3.1
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	795	385	410	3.0	3.2	2.9
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	450	235	215	1.7	1.9	1.5
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	320	140	180	1.2	1.2	1.3
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	55	25	30	0.2	0.2	0.2
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	55	25	30	0.2	0.2	0.2
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	25,160	11,615	13,545	95.7	95.7	95.7
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	26,295	12,140	14,160	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	25,485	11,785	13,700	96.9	97.1	96.8
Canadian citizens aged under 18	2,755	1,400	1,355	10.5	11.5	9.6
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	22,725	10,380	12,345	86.4	85.5	87.2
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	810	355	455	3.1	2.9	3.2
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	26,295	12,140	14,160	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	21,410	9,935	11,470	81.4	81.8	81.0
Immigrants⁸¹	4,770	2,155	2,610	18.1	17.8	18.4
Before 1980	3,160	1,480	1,680	12.0	12.2	11.9
1980 to 1990	500	205	290	1.9	1.7	2.0
1991 to 2000	265	95	170	1.0	0.8	1.2
2001 to 2010	440	165	270	1.7	1.4	1.9
2011 to 2021⁸²	405	205	200	1.5	1.7	1.4
2011 to 2015	195	85	115	0.7	0.7	0.8
2016 to 2021	210	115	90	0.8	0.9	0.6
Non-permanent residents⁸³	120	50	70	0.5	0.4	0.5
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	4,770	2,155	2,610	100.0	100.0	100.0
Under 5 years	515	225	290	10.8	10.4	11.1
5 to 14 years	745	375	370	15.6	17.4	14.2
15 to 24 years	1,190	560	635	24.9	26.0	24.3
25 to 44 years	2,070	900	1,170	43.4	41.8	44.8
45 years and over	240	95	145	5.0	4.4	5.6
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	4,770	2,155	2,610	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	510	190	320	10.7	8.8	12.3
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	10	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.4
El Salvador	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyana	20	10	15	0.4	0.5	0.6
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	15	0	15	0.3	0.0	0.6
Mexico	30	15	20	0.6	0.7	0.8
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidad and Tobago	10	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.4
United States of America	390	150	235	8.2	7.0	9.0
Other places of birth in Americas	30	15	20	0.6	0.7	0.8
Europe	3,420	1,630	1,795	71.7	75.6	68.8
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatia	20	10	15	0.4	0.5	0.6
France	25	10	15	0.5	0.5	0.6
Germany	375	150	225	7.9	7.0	8.6
Greece	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	25	15	0	0.5	0.7	0.0
Italy	25	25	0	0.5	1.2	0.0
Netherlands	170	110	60	3.6	5.1	2.3
Poland	40	10	25	0.8	0.5	1.0
Portugal	35	15	20	0.7	0.7	0.8
Romania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	20	15	10	0.4	0.7	0.4
United Kingdom⁸⁷	2,275	1,075	1,200	47.7	49.9	46.0
Other places of birth in Europe	385	180	200	8.1	8.4	7.7
Africa	135	65	65	2.8	3.0	2.5
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	15	15	0	0.3	0.7	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	80	35	45	1.7	1.6	1.7
Other places of birth in Africa	40	15	20	0.8	0.7	0.8
Asia	570	220	350	11.9	10.2	13.4
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	10	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.4
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	65	25	35	1.4	1.2	1.3
Hong Kong⁹¹	10	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.4
Korea, South⁹²	65	25	35	1.4	1.2	1.3
Taiwan	10	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.4
Philippines	265	95	165	5.6	4.4	6.3
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	65	35	30	1.4	1.6	1.1
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	65	20	45	1.4	0.9	1.7
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	130	50	85	2.7	2.3	3.3
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	210	120	90	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	20	15	10	9.5	12.5	11.1
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	20	10	10	9.5	8.3	11.1
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Europe	45	20	25	21.4	16.7	27.8
France	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	40	20	20	19.0	16.7	22.2
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asia	145	85	60	69.0	70.8	66.7
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	10	0	10	4.8	0.0	11.1
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	15	15	0	7.1	12.5	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	100	60	35	47.6	50.0	38.9
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	26,290	12,135	14,155	100.0	100.0	100.0
First generation¹⁰⁰	5,105	2,290	2,815	19.4	18.9	19.9
Second generation¹⁰¹	5,480	2,660	2,820	20.8	21.9	19.9
Third generation or more¹⁰²	15,710	7,190	8,520	59.8	59.3	60.2
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	1,610	670	935	100.0	100.0	100.0
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	1,000	470	530	62.1	70.1	56.7
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	450	275	170	28.0	41.0	18.2
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	550	190	360	34.2	28.4	38.5
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	565	175	385	35.1	26.1	41.2
Refugees¹⁰⁸	30	20	15	1.9	3.0	1.6
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	15	0	0	0.9	0.0	0.0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	1,610	670	935	100.0	100.0	100.0
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	350	140	210	21.7	20.9	22.5
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	45	10	25	2.8	1.5	2.7
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	60	10	45	3.7	1.5	4.8
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	10	0	10	0.6	0.0	1.1
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	1,145	505	645	71.1	75.4	69.0
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	26,290	12,140	14,155	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	1,220	540	680	4.6	4.4	4.8
South Asian	195	105	95	0.7	0.9	0.7
Chinese	195	85	110	0.7	0.7	0.8
Black	55	25	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
Filipino	395	165	230	1.5	1.4	1.6
Arab	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latin American	75	35	45	0.3	0.3	0.3
Southeast Asian	30	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
West Asian	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Korean	105	40	65	0.4	0.3	0.5
Japanese	70	20	45	0.3	0.2	0.3
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Multiple visible minorities	60	40	25	0.2	0.3	0.2
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	25,070	11,600	13,475	95.4	95.6	95.2
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	26,295	12,135	14,155	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian	2,510	1,175	1,335	9.5	9.7	9.4
English	9,520	4,395	5,125	36.2	36.2	36.2
Irish	5,110	2,195	2,915	19.4	18.1	20.6
Scottish	6,155	2,820	3,335	23.4	23.2	23.6
French, n.o.s.¹²²	2,380	975	1,405	9.1	8.0	9.9
German	3,605	1,590	2,015	13.7	13.1	14.2
Chinese	215	105	110	0.8	0.9	0.8
Italian	725	380	345	2.8	3.1	2.4
Indian (India)	185	90	95	0.7	0.7	0.7
Ukrainian	1,545	720	820	5.9	5.9	5.8
Dutch	1,230	585	645	4.7	4.8	4.6
Polish	1,115	475	645	4.2	3.9	4.6
Québécois	20	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.1
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	2,045	910	1,135	7.8	7.5	8.0
Filipino	395	170	225	1.5	1.4	1.6
French Canadian	280	100	180	1.1	0.8	1.3
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	425	195	230	1.6	1.6	1.6
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	275	140	135	1.0	1.2	1.0
Métis	460	195	265	1.7	1.6	1.9
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	695	345	350	2.6	2.8	2.5
Russian	610	325	285	2.3	2.7	2.0
Norwegian	1,030	435	600	3.9	3.6	4.2
Welsh	985	385	600	3.7	3.2	4.2
Portuguese	120	80	45	0.5	0.7	0.3
American	555	275	285	2.1	2.3	2.0
Spanish	135	50	85	0.5	0.4	0.6
Swedish	825	360	470	3.1	3.0	3.3
Hungarian	335	155	170	1.3	1.3	1.2
Acadian	60	20	35	0.2	0.2	0.2
Pakistani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	35	20	20	0.1	0.2	0.1
Jewish	105	40	70	0.4	0.3	0.5
Punjabi	35	20	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Vietnamese	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	55	35	30	0.2	0.3	0.2
Jamaican	35	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	65	20	40	0.2	0.2	0.3
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	140	70	65	0.5	0.6	0.5
Korean	70	30	40	0.3	0.2	0.3
Romanian	145	60	90	0.6	0.5	0.6
Lebanese	25	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.1
Iranian	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	90	35	50	0.3	0.3	0.4
Danish	430	230	195	1.6	1.9	1.4
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	40	0	35	0.2	0.0	0.2
Sikh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austrian	300	130	170	1.1	1.1	1.2
Belgian	130	65	65	0.5	0.5	0.5
Haitian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindu	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Mexican	125	80	50	0.5	0.7	0.4
Mennonite	55	20	35	0.2	0.2	0.2
Swiss	160	80	80	0.6	0.7	0.6
Finnish	215	100	110	0.8	0.8	0.8
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	120	70	55	0.5	0.6	0.4
Japanese	95	30	65	0.4	0.2	0.5
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	255	125	135	1.0	1.0	1.0
Muslim	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egyptian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	240	125	115	0.9	1.0	0.8
Colombian	20	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Moroccan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	140	65	70	0.5	0.5	0.5
Syrian	20	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Guyanese	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Afghan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway	40	10	30	0.2	0.1	0.2
Newfoundlander	60	35	20	0.2	0.3	0.1
Hong Konger	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ontarian	20	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Persian	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	20	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Turkish	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	30	10	25	0.1	0.1	0.2
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	55	30	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	50	25	30	0.2	0.2	0.2
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwanese	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Iraqi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	50	20	30	0.2	0.2	0.2
South African	20	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Australian	65	40	35	0.2	0.3	0.2
Palestinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chilean	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Congolese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nova Scotian	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peruvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	25	20	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Macedonian	20	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Slovenian	45	30	15	0.2	0.2	0.1
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	60	35	30	0.2	0.3	0.2
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Canadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israeli	15	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	15	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	70	20	50	0.3	0.2	0.4
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albertan	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Barbadian	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African American	15	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	30	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Tunisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Laotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Irish	55	15	35	0.2	0.1	0.2
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	70	40	35	0.3	0.3	0.2
British Columbian	125	60	65	0.5	0.5	0.5
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Argentinian	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Estonian	30	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Jatt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dominican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Byelorussian	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Abenaki	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	15	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
New Zealander	70	50	20	0.3	0.4	0.1
Sudanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Breton	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saskatchewanian	20	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Buddhist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gaspesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norman	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Manitoban	20	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Honduran	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cherokee	35	25	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Flemish	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Empire Loyalist	25	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Senegalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Goan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamileke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Libyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Basque	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igorot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guinean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maliseet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Beninese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Roma	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tajik	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amhara	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	26,295	12,140	14,155	100.0	100.0	100.0
Buddhist	85	35	50	0.3	0.3	0.4
Christian	11,950	5,015	6,940	45.4	41.3	49.0
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	1,895	855	1,045	7.2	7.0	7.4
Anabaptist	45	20	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
Anglican	2,050	810	1,240	7.8	6.7	8.8
Baptist	580	235	345	2.2	1.9	2.4
Catholic	3,080	1,255	1,820	11.7	10.3	12.9
Christian Orthodox	75	35	40	0.3	0.3	0.3
Jehovah's Witness	275	120	155	1.0	1.0	1.1
Latter Day Saints	40	15	15	0.2	0.1	0.1
Lutheran	485	205	285	1.8	1.7	2.0
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	65	25	35	0.2	0.2	0.2
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	145	75	70	0.6	0.6	0.5
Presbyterian	340	185	155	1.3	1.5	1.1
Reformed	35	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
United Church	2,145	860	1,285	8.2	7.1	9.1
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	700	300	395	2.7	2.5	2.8
Hindu	45	25	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
Jewish	70	40	25	0.3	0.3	0.2
Muslim	55	25	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
Sikh	35	25	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	295	100	195	1.1	0.8	1.4
No religion and secular perspectives	13,745	6,865	6,880	52.3	56.5	48.6
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	26,225	12,115	14,105	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	22,730	10,525	12,210	86.7	86.9	86.6
Movers	3,485	1,595	1,895	13.3	13.2	13.4
Non-migrants	1,015	460	555	3.9	3.8	3.9
Migrants	2,470	1,130	1,340	9.4	9.3	9.5
Internal migrants	2,385	1,110	1,275	9.1	9.2	9.0
Intraprovincial migrants	1,920	890	1,035	7.3	7.3	7.3
Interprovincial migrants	465	225	245	1.8	1.9	1.7
External migrants	85	25	60	0.3	0.2	0.4
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	25,705	11,880	13,825	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	14,330	6,580	7,755	55.7	55.4	56.1
Movers	11,375	5,305	6,070	44.3	44.7	43.9
Non-migrants	2,095	910	1,185	8.2	7.7	8.6
Migrants	9,280	4,390	4,890	36.1	37.0	35.4
Internal migrants	8,940	4,205	4,730	34.8	35.4	34.2
Intraprovincial migrants	7,255	3,410	3,850	28.2	28.7	27.8
Interprovincial migrants	1,680	795	880	6.5	6.7	6.4
External migrants	340	185	155	1.3	1.6	1.1
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	24,045	11,040	13,005	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	3,335	1,710	1,625	13.9	15.5	12.5
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	20,705	9,325	11,380	86.1	84.5	87.5
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	10,020	4,480	5,550	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	980	550	435	9.8	12.3	7.8
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	9,040	3,925	5,120	90.2	87.6	92.3
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	24,045	11,040	13,005	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	2,640	1,310	1,330	11.0	11.9	10.2
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	7,335	3,170	4,165	30.5	28.7	32.0
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	14,075	6,565	7,510	58.5	59.5	57.7
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	8,985	4,170	4,810	37.4	37.8	37.0
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	2,395	1,760	630	10.0	15.9	4.8
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	920	445	480	3.8	4.0	3.7
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	1,470	1,320	150	6.1	12.0	1.2
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	5,510	2,070	3,440	22.9	18.8	26.5
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,080	340	745	4.5	3.1	5.7
Bachelor's degree or higher	5,085	2,390	2,695	21.1	21.6	20.7
Bachelor's degree	3,135	1,465	1,670	13.0	13.3	12.8
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	420	170	250	1.7	1.5	1.9
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	115	90	20	0.5	0.8	0.2
Master's degree	1,195	545	650	5.0	4.9	5.0
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	225	120	100	0.9	1.1	0.8
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	10,025	4,475	5,545	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	725	400	325	7.2	8.9	5.9
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	2,940	1,390	1,550	29.3	31.1	28.0
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	6,360	2,685	3,675	63.4	60.0	66.3
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	4,190	1,865	2,320	41.8	41.7	41.8
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	1,130	815	315	11.3	18.2	5.7
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	460	195	270	4.6	4.4	4.9
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	670	620	45	6.7	13.9	0.8
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	2,555	930	1,620	25.5	20.8	29.2
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	510	120	385	5.1	2.7	6.9
Bachelor's degree or higher	2,170	820	1,355	21.6	18.3	24.4
Bachelor's degree	1,395	530	865	13.9	11.8	15.6
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	170	60	115	1.7	1.3	2.1
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	60	35	25	0.6	0.8	0.5
Master's degree	475	175	295	4.7	3.9	5.3
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	80	20	55	0.8	0.4	1.0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	24,040	11,040	13,005	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	9,975	4,480	5,490	41.5	40.6	42.2
Education	1,475	400	1,070	6.1	3.6	8.2
13. Education	1,475	400	1,070	6.1	3.6	8.2
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	430	180	255	1.8	1.6	2.0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	65	55	15	0.3	0.5	0.1
50. Visual and performing arts	365	125	240	1.5	1.1	1.8
Humanities	610	220	390	2.5	2.0	3.0
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
23. English language and literature/letters	185	55	130	0.8	0.5	1.0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	180	60	125	0.7	0.5	1.0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	25	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
38. Philosophy and religious studies	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
39. Theology and religious vocations	70	40	30	0.3	0.4	0.2
54. History	90	30	60	0.4	0.3	0.5
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,225	465	765	5.1	4.2	5.9
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	100	35	65	0.4	0.3	0.5
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	225	20	215	0.9	0.2	1.7
22. Legal professions and studies	220	80	140	0.9	0.7	1.1
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	20	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
42. Psychology	245	65	185	1.0	0.6	1.4
45. Social sciences	395	260	135	1.6	2.4	1.0
Business, management and public administration	2,945	1,050	1,895	12.3	9.5	14.6
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	250	50	200	1.0	0.5	1.5
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	2,685	995	1,690	11.2	9.0	13.0
Physical and life sciences and technologies	510	290	220	2.1	2.6	1.7
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	230	120	110	1.0	1.1	0.8
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	85	25	65	0.4	0.2	0.5
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
40. Physical sciences	155	135	25	0.6	1.2	0.2
41. Science technologies/technicians	35	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.2
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	400	225	175	1.7	2.0	1.3
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	295	175	115	1.2	1.6	0.9
25. Library science	40	0	35	0.2	0.0	0.3
27. Mathematics and statistics	65	40	25	0.3	0.4	0.2
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	2,785	2,675	110	11.6	24.2	0.8
04. Architecture and related services	95	85	10	0.4	0.8	0.1
14. Engineering	405	385	20	1.7	3.5	0.2
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	615	555	55	2.6	5.0	0.4
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	790	785	10	3.3	7.1	0.1
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	585	580	15	2.4	5.3	0.1
48. Precision production	295	295	0	1.2	2.7	0.0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	405	270	140	1.7	2.4	1.1
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	190	100	90	0.8	0.9	0.7
03. Natural resources and conservation	215	170	50	0.9	1.5	0.4
Health and related fields	2,460	365	2,085	10.2	3.3	16.0
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	115	45	70	0.5	0.4	0.5
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	2,300	290	2,010	9.6	2.6	15.5
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	40	35	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
Personal, protective and transportation services	825	415	410	3.4	3.8	3.2
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	520	145	375	2.2	1.3	2.9
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	95	70	25	0.4	0.6	0.2
49. Transportation and materials moving	200	195	0	0.8	1.8	0.0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	10,020	4,475	5,550	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	3,665	1,790	1,870	36.6	40.0	33.7
Education	505	125	380	5.0	2.8	6.8
13. Education	505	125	380	5.0	2.8	6.8
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	225	85	140	2.2	1.9	2.5
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	40	20	15	0.4	0.4	0.3
50. Visual and performing arts	190	65	130	1.9	1.5	2.3
Humanities	245	55	190	2.4	1.2	3.4
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	10	10	10	0.1	0.2	0.2
23. English language and literature/letters	70	15	55	0.7	0.3	1.0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	65	10	55	0.6	0.2	1.0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	15	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
39. Theology and religious vocations	25	10	20	0.2	0.2	0.4
54. History	55	15	40	0.5	0.3	0.7
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	585	190	400	5.8	4.2	7.2
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	45	20	30	0.4	0.4	0.5
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	145	15	125	1.4	0.3	2.3
22. Legal professions and studies	105	30	80	1.0	0.7	1.4
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
42. Psychology	110	10	95	1.1	0.2	1.7
45. Social sciences	170	115	50	1.7	2.6	0.9
Business, management and public administration	1,335	345	995	13.3	7.7	17.9
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	120	15	105	1.2	0.3	1.9
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	1,215	330	885	12.1	7.4	15.9
Physical and life sciences and technologies	210	80	125	2.1	1.8	2.3
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	85	20	65	0.8	0.4	1.2
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	60	15	45	0.6	0.3	0.8
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
40. Physical sciences	50	40	0	0.5	0.9	0.0
41. Science technologies/technicians	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	240	130	110	2.4	2.9	2.0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	220	120	90	2.2	2.7	1.6
25. Library science	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.3
27. Mathematics and statistics	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	1,225	1,150	75	12.2	25.7	1.4
04. Architecture and related services	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
14. Engineering	135	120	20	1.3	2.7	0.4
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	255	215	40	2.5	4.8	0.7
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	395	390	0	3.9	8.7	0.0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	285	285	10	2.8	6.4	0.2
48. Precision production	135	135	0	1.3	3.0	0.0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	210	110	100	2.1	2.5	1.8
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	105	45	60	1.0	1.0	1.1
03. Natural resources and conservation	105	65	45	1.0	1.5	0.8
Health and related fields	1,140	205	935	11.4	4.6	16.8
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	65	20	45	0.6	0.4	0.8
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	1,055	170	885	10.5	3.8	15.9
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	15	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Personal, protective and transportation services	435	210	225	4.3	4.7	4.1
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	290	80	205	2.9	1.8	3.7
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	50	40	15	0.5	0.9	0.3
49. Transportation and materials moving	95	90	0	0.9	2.0	0.0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	10,020	4,475	5,550	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	3,665	1,790	1,870	36.6	40.0	33.7
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	6,360	2,685	3,670	63.5	60.0	66.1
Location of study inside Canada	5,715	2,395	3,320	57.0	53.5	59.8
Same as province or territory of residence	3,925	1,600	2,320	39.2	35.8	41.8
Different than province or territory of residence	1,790	790	1,000	17.9	17.7	18.0
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	640	290	355	6.4	6.5	6.4
Americas	165	95	70	1.6	2.1	1.3
United States of America	140	85	55	1.4	1.9	1.0
Mexico	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Cuba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Europe	220	110	115	2.2	2.5	2.1
Belgium	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germany	25	10	20	0.2	0.2	0.4
Netherlands	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Switzerland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	165	90	70	1.6	2.0	1.3
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Europe	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Africa	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Other locations of study in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asia	200	50	150	2.0	1.1	2.7
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	20	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.2
Taiwan	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Korea, South⁹²	35	15	25	0.3	0.3	0.5
Philippines	80	15	70	0.8	0.3	1.3
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	25	10	15	0.2	0.2	0.3
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania	35	30	10	0.3	0.7	0.2
Australia	25	20	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
New Zealand	15	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	24,045	11,040	13,005	...	...	...
In the labour force	9,450	4,650	4,790	...	...	...
Employed	8,765	4,300	4,465	...	...	...
Unemployed	685	360	325	...	...	...
Not in the labour force	14,595	6,385	8,210	...	...	...
Participation rate	39.3	42.1	36.8	39.3	42.1	36.8
Employment rate	36.5	38.9	34.3	36.5	38.9	34.3
Unemployment rate	7.2	7.7	6.8	7.2	7.7	6.8
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	24,040	11,040	13,005	100.0	100.0	100.0
Did not work¹⁸⁶	14,275	6,155	8,125	59.4	55.8	62.5
Worked	9,765	4,885	4,875	40.6	44.2	37.5
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	4,245	2,390	1,860	17.7	21.6	14.3
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	5,515	2,500	3,015	22.9	22.6	23.2
Average weeks worked in reference year	39.6	40.3	39.0	39.6	40.3	39.0
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	9,445	4,655	4,795	100.0	100.0	100.0
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	135	75	60	1.4	1.6	1.3
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	9,310	4,580	4,730	98.6	98.4	98.6
Employee	7,045	3,300	3,750	74.6	70.9	78.2
Permanent position	5,865	2,785	3,080	62.1	59.8	64.2
Temporary position	1,180	510	670	12.5	11.0	14.0
Fixed term (1 year or more)	320	125	195	3.4	2.7	4.1
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	860	385	470	9.1	8.3	9.8
Self-employed¹⁹²	2,265	1,285	980	24.0	27.6	20.4
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	9,445	4,655	4,795	100.0	100.0	100.0
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	135	75	60	1.4	1.6	1.3
All occupations¹⁹¹	9,310	4,580	4,730	98.6	98.4	98.6
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	80	65	10	0.8	1.4	0.2
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	1,515	385	1,130	16.0	8.3	23.6
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	525	410	110	5.6	8.8	2.3
3 Health occupations	900	180	730	9.5	3.9	15.2
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	990	310	680	10.5	6.7	14.2
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	320	150	175	3.4	3.2	3.6
6 Sales and service occupations	2,820	1,135	1,680	29.9	24.4	35.0
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	1,725	1,590	130	18.3	34.2	2.7
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	275	210	60	2.9	4.5	1.3
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	160	135	25	1.7	2.9	0.5
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	9,445	4,655	4,795	100.0	100.0	100.0
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	135	75	60	1.4	1.6	1.3
All industries¹⁹¹	9,310	4,580	4,730	98.6	98.4	98.6
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	170	120	50	1.8	2.6	1.0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	50	45	0	0.5	1.0	0.0
22 Utilities	50	50	0	0.5	1.1	0.0
23 Construction	1,085	950	130	11.5	20.4	2.7
31-33 Manufacturing	295	230	60	3.1	4.9	1.3
41 Wholesale trade	190	135	60	2.0	2.9	1.3
44-45 Retail trade	1,390	595	795	14.7	12.8	16.6
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	295	220	75	3.1	4.7	1.6
51 Information and cultural industries	165	80	85	1.7	1.7	1.8
52 Finance and insurance	220	75	150	2.3	1.6	3.1
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	255	140	120	2.7	3.0	2.5
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	830	460	370	8.8	9.9	7.7
55 Management of companies and enterprises	30	10	20	0.3	0.2	0.4
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	430	230	195	4.6	4.9	4.1
61 Educational services	590	175	415	6.2	3.8	8.7
62 Health care and social assistance	1,470	260	1,210	15.6	5.6	25.2
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	225	140	90	2.4	3.0	1.9
72 Accommodation and food services	670	290	385	7.1	6.2	8.0
81 Other services (except public administration)	450	165	285	4.8	3.5	5.9
91 Public administration	445	215	230	4.7	4.6	4.8
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	10,690	5,265	5,425	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	10,500	5,215	5,285	98.2	99.1	97.4
French	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.3
Non-official language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and French	90	25	60	0.8	0.5	1.1
English and non-official language(s)	80	20	55	0.7	0.4	1.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	10,690	5,265	5,425	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	10,685	5,265	5,425	100.0	100.0	100.0
Official languages	10,660	5,255	5,405	99.7	99.8	99.6
English	10,630	5,255	5,370	99.4	99.8	99.0
French	30	0	30	0.3	0.0	0.6
Non-official languages	30	10	20	0.3	0.2	0.4
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	30	10	20	0.3	0.2	0.4
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	10,690	5,265	5,425	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	10,520	5,215	5,300	98.4	99.1	97.7
English	45	10	35	0.4	0.2	0.6
French	75	25	45	0.7	0.5	0.8
Non-official language	45	15	25	0.4	0.3	0.5
Indigenous³⁹	15	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Non-Indigenous	30	10	25	0.3	0.2	0.5
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	8,765	4,295	4,465	100.0	100.0	100.0
Worked at home	1,730	805	925	19.7	18.7	20.7
Worked outside Canada	15	15	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
No fixed workplace address	1,405	1,025	385	16.0	23.9	8.6
Usual place of work	5,610	2,455	3,155	64.0	57.2	70.7
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	5,615	2,455	3,155	100.0	100.0	100.0
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	2,475	920	1,560	44.1	37.5	49.4
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	2,620	1,190	1,430	46.7	48.5	45.3
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	455	295	155	8.1	12.0	4.9
Commute to a different province or territory	65	50	10	1.2	2.0	0.3
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	7,020	3,480	3,540	100.0	100.0	100.0
Car, truck or van	5,985	2,990	2,995	85.3	85.9	84.6
Car, truck or van - as a driver	5,570	2,795	2,775	79.3	80.3	78.4
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	410	195	220	5.8	5.6	6.2
Public transit	105	55	45	1.5	1.6	1.3
Walked	595	205	390	8.5	5.9	11.0
Bicycle	95	75	20	1.4	2.2	0.6
Other method	245	155	90	3.5	4.5	2.5
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	7,020	3,480	3,540	100.0	100.0	100.0
Less than 15 minutes	3,540	1,525	2,015	50.4	43.8	56.9
15 to 29 minutes	1,790	890	900	25.5	25.6	25.4
30 to 44 minutes	985	550	440	14.0	15.8	12.4
45 to 59 minutes	370	245	120	5.3	7.0	3.4
60 minutes and over	330	275	60	4.7	7.9	1.7
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	7,020	3,480	3,540	100.0	100.0	100.0
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	330	200	130	4.7	5.7	3.7
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	990	545	445	14.1	15.7	12.6
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	1,695	1,005	695	24.1	28.9	19.6
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	1,870	765	1,105	26.6	22.0	31.2
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	1,195	445	750	17.0	12.8	21.2
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	935	525	410	13.3	15.1	11.6
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	2,870	1,430	1,435	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	150	65	85	5.2	4.5	5.9
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	2,720	1,365	1,350	94.8	95.5	94.1
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	2,200	1,110	1,090	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	130	60	70	5.9	5.4	6.4
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	40	25	20	1.8	2.3	1.8
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	85	35	45	3.9	3.2	4.1
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	2,075	1,055	1,020	94.3	95.0	93.6

Symbol legend

...
not applicable
^r
revised

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 30, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

Language selection

Search and menus

Search

Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Symbol legend

Note(s):

Census Profile, 2021 Census of PopulationProfile table

Add a geography

Add or remove data

Symbol legend

Source

How to cite

Note(s):

Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table