Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	NelsonMore information: British Columbia [Population centre]
	Counts			Rates
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	11,198	...	...	...	...	...
Population, 2016¹	10,669^r	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	5.0	...	...	5.0	...	...
Total private dwellings²	5,358	...	...	...	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	4,992	...	...	...	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	1,503.7	...	...	1,503.7	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	7.45	...	...	...	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	11,200	5,385	5,810	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	1,565	795	770	14.0	14.8	13.3
0 to 4 years	435	215	220	3.9	4.0	3.8
5 to 9 years	515	280	240	4.6	5.2	4.1
10 to 14 years	615	300	315	5.5	5.6	5.4
15 to 64 years	7,340	3,600	3,735	65.5	66.9	64.3
15 to 19 years	560	290	270	5.0	5.4	4.6
20 to 24 years	535	275	260	4.8	5.1	4.5
25 to 29 years	830	410	420	7.4	7.6	7.2
30 to 34 years	920	445	475	8.2	8.3	8.2
35 to 39 years	810	420	390	7.2	7.8	6.7
40 to 44 years	845	415	430	7.5	7.7	7.4
45 to 49 years	840	395	445	7.5	7.3	7.7
50 to 54 years	670	330	335	6.0	6.1	5.8
55 to 59 years	655	300	350	5.8	5.6	6.0
60 to 64 years	680	320	360	6.1	5.9	6.2
65 years and over	2,300	990	1,305	20.5	18.4	22.5
65 to 69 years	685	315	365	6.1	5.8	6.3
70 to 74 years	630	295	330	5.6	5.5	5.7
75 to 79 years	370	165	200	3.3	3.1	3.4
80 to 84 years	280	80	200	2.5	1.5	3.4
85 years and over	340	130	210	3.0	2.4	3.6
85 to 89 years	200	95	110	1.8	1.8	1.9
90 to 94 years	95	25	75	0.8	0.5	1.3
95 to 99 years	30	10	20	0.3	0.2	0.3
100 years and over	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	14.0	14.8	13.3	14.0	14.8	13.3
15 to 64 years	65.5	66.9	64.3	65.5	66.9	64.3
65 years and over	20.5	18.4	22.5	20.5	18.4	22.5
85 years and over	3.0	2.4	3.6	3.0	2.4	3.6
Average age of the population	43.0	41.6	44.3	43.0	41.6	44.3
Median age of the population	42.4	40.8	43.6	42.4	40.8	43.6
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	4,995	...	...	100.0	...	...
Single-detached house	2,530	...	...	50.7	...	...
Semi-detached house	280	...	...	5.6	...	...
Row house	250	...	...	5.0	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	710	...	...	14.2	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	990	...	...	19.8	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Other single-attached house	115	...	...	2.3	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	125	...	...	2.5	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	4,990	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 person	1,750	...	...	35.1	...	...
2 persons	1,735	...	...	34.8	...	...
3 persons	730	...	...	14.6	...	...
4 persons	550	...	...	11.0	...	...
5 or more persons	220	...	...	4.4	...	...
Number of persons in private households	10,815	5,220	5,590	100.0	100.0	100.0
Average household size	2.2	...	...	2.2	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	9,635	4,590	5,045	100.0	100.0	100.0
Married or living common-law	4,830	2,395	2,435	50.1	52.2	48.3
Married	3,345	1,650	1,690	34.7	35.9	33.5
Living common-law	1,485	745	745	15.4	16.2	14.8
Living common law - Never married	1,180	595	585	12.2	13.0	11.6
Living common law - Separated	35	15	25	0.4	0.3	0.5
Living common law - Divorced	245	125	120	2.5	2.7	2.4
Living common law - Widowed	25	5	15	0.3	0.1	0.3
Not married and not living common-law	4,805	2,195	2,610	49.9	47.8	51.7
Not married and not living common law - Never married	3,130	1,670	1,460	32.5	36.4	28.9
Not married and not living common law - Separated	290	105	185	3.0	2.3	3.7
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	845	300	545	8.8	6.5	10.8
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	545	115	425	5.7	2.5	8.4
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	2,895	...	...	100.0	...	...
2 persons	1,695	...	...	58.5	...	...
3 persons	605	...	...	20.9	...	...
4 persons	480	...	...	16.6	...	...
5 or more persons	120	...	...	4.1	...	...
Average size of census families	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.6	...	...	1.6	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	2,895	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total couple families	2,330	...	...	80.5	...	...
Married couples	1,590	...	...	54.9	...	...
With children⁶	775	...	...	26.8	...	...
Without children	810	...	...	28.0	...	...
Common-law couples	745	...	...	25.7	...	...
With children⁶	220	...	...	7.6	...	...
Without children	520	...	...	18.0	...	...
Total one-parent families	565	...	...	19.5	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	435	...	...	15.0	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	135	...	...	4.7	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	10,815	5,220	5,590	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total - Persons in census families	7,730	3,770	3,955	71.5	72.2	70.8
Married spouses or common-law partners	4,665	2,320	2,345	43.1	44.4	41.9
Parents in one-parent families	565	130	430	5.2	2.5	7.7
Children⁶	2,505	1,320	1,185	23.2	25.3	21.2
In a two-parent family	1,685	890	795	15.6	17.0	14.2
In a one-parent family	815	425	385	7.5	8.1	6.9
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	3,090	1,455	1,635	28.6	27.9	29.2
Living alone	1,750	780	975	16.2	14.9	17.4
Living with other relatives⁷	175	80	100	1.6	1.5	1.8
Living with non-relatives only	1,160	595	560	10.7	11.4	10.0
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	4,990	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	2,535	...	...	50.8	...	...
Couple-family households	2,055	...	...	41.2	...	...
With children⁶	905	...	...	18.1	...	...
Without children	1,160	...	...	23.2	...	...
One-parent-family households	480	...	...	9.6	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	45	...	...	0.9	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	35	...	...	0.7	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	225	...	...	4.5	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	400	...	...	8.0	...	...
One-person households	1,750	...	...	35.1	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	9,265	4,435	4,825	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	9,055	4,335	4,725	97.7	97.7	97.9
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	38,800	43,200	36,000	38,800	43,200	36,000
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	9,055	4,330	4,725	97.7	97.6	97.9
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	35,600	38,800	33,200	35,600	38,800	33,200
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	8,350	4,000	4,350	90.1	90.2	90.2
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	31,000	37,600	26,000	31,000	37,600	26,000
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	6,645	3,295	3,350	71.7	74.3	69.4
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	31,000	36,000	27,000	31,000	36,000	27,000
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	7,775	3,535	4,240	83.9	79.7	87.9
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	10,500	10,000	11,000	10,500	10,000	11,000
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	1,085	565	515	11.7	12.7	10.7
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,720	5,760	5,560	5,720	5,760	5,560
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	2,810	1,320	1,490	30.3	29.8	30.9
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	9,270	4,440	4,830	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	9,065	4,355	4,715	97.8	98.1	97.6
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	49,320	55,200	43,920	49,320	55,200	43,920
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	9,065	4,355	4,715	97.8	98.1	97.6
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	42,320	46,680	38,320	42,320	46,680	38,320
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	8,355	3,990	4,360	90.1	89.9	90.3
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	42,960	50,760	35,880	42,960	50,760	35,880
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	6,655	3,265	3,390	71.8	73.5	70.2
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	41,800	48,200	35,640	41,800	48,200	35,640
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	7,750	3,560	4,190	83.6	80.2	86.7
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	11,400	10,610	12,060	11,400	10,610	12,060
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	1,105	600	505	11.9	13.5	10.5
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,500	6,080	7,000	6,500	6,080	7,000
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	2,905	1,340	1,565	31.3	30.2	32.4
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,710	8,890	8,560	8,710	8,890	8,560
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	9,270	4,440	4,830	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	2,450	1,350	1,100	26.4	30.4	22.8
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	60,800	65,000	57,600	60,800	65,000	57,600
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	67,600	74,000	59,700	67,600	74,000	59,700
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	3,505	1,580	1,925	37.8	35.6	39.9
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	19,400	21,400	17,800	19,400	21,400	17,800
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	28,280	31,240	25,880	28,280	31,240	25,880
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	80.2	84.2	75.6	80.2	84.2	75.6
Employment income (%)¹⁹	62.2	65.4	58.4	62.2	65.4	58.4
Government transfers (%)²⁰	19.8	15.7	24.4	19.8	15.7	24.4
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.6	1.5	1.7	1.6	1.5	1.7
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	6.9	5.9	8.1	6.9	5.9	8.1
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	5.7	5.0	6.5	5.7	5.0	6.5
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	9,260	4,435	4,825	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without total income	205	105	105	2.2	2.4	2.2
With total income	9,055	4,330	4,725	97.8	97.6	97.9
Under $10,000 (including loss)	635	300	335	7.0	6.9	7.1
$10,000 to $19,999	1,015	420	590	11.2	9.7	12.5
$20,000 to $29,999	1,645	675	970	18.2	15.6	20.5
$30,000 to $39,999	1,350	605	745	14.9	14.0	15.8
$40,000 to $49,999	1,015	450	560	11.2	10.4	11.9
$50,000 to $59,999	895	445	450	9.9	10.3	9.5
$60,000 to $69,999	645	340	305	7.1	7.9	6.5
$70,000 to $79,999	485	250	235	5.4	5.8	5.0
$80,000 to $89,999	330	195	135	3.6	4.5	2.9
$90,000 to $99,999	295	155	140	3.3	3.6	3.0
$100,000 and over	745	490	255	8.2	11.3	5.4
$100,000 to $149,999	525	330	195	5.8	7.6	4.1
$150,000 and over	215	155	60	2.4	3.6	1.3
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	9,260	4,435	4,825	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without after-tax income	205	100	105	2.2	2.3	2.2
With after-tax income	9,060	4,335	4,725	97.8	97.7	97.9
Under $10,000 (including loss)	660	315	350	7.3	7.3	7.4
$10,000 to $19,999	1,060	435	625	11.7	10.0	13.2
$20,000 to $29,999	1,895	800	1,090	20.9	18.5	23.1
$30,000 to $39,999	1,490	675	820	16.4	15.6	17.4
$40,000 to $49,999	1,155	550	605	12.7	12.7	12.8
$50,000 to $59,999	900	460	445	9.9	10.6	9.4
$60,000 to $69,999	620	330	290	6.8	7.6	6.1
$70,000 to $79,999	410	225	185	4.5	5.2	3.9
$80,000 to $89,999	315	180	135	3.5	4.2	2.9
$90,000 to $99,999	195	120	80	2.2	2.8	1.7
$100,000 and over	355	250	105	3.9	5.8	2.2
$100,000 to $124,999	180	125	50	2.0	2.9	1.1
$125,000 and over	175	125	55	1.9	2.9	1.2
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	9,260	4,435	4,825	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without employment income	2,615	1,140	1,480	28.2	25.7	30.7
With employment income	6,640	3,295	3,345	71.7	74.3	69.3
Under $5,000 (including loss)	925	420	500	13.9	12.7	14.9
$5,000 to $9,999	585	255	335	8.8	7.7	10.0
$10,000 to $19,999	970	445	525	14.6	13.5	15.7
$20,000 to $29,999	770	340	430	11.6	10.3	12.9
$30,000 to $39,999	635	295	340	9.6	9.0	10.2
$40,000 to $49,999	535	265	275	8.1	8.0	8.2
$50,000 to $59,999	525	275	250	7.9	8.3	7.5
$60,000 to $69,999	410	210	205	6.2	6.4	6.1
$70,000 to $79,999	330	175	150	5.0	5.3	4.5
$80,000 to $89,999	260	145	110	3.9	4.4	3.3
$90,000 to $99,999	205	115	90	3.1	3.5	2.7
$100,000 and over	495	350	145	7.5	10.6	4.3
$100,000 to $124,999	260	175	85	3.9	5.3	2.5
$125,000 and over	235	175	60	3.5	5.3	1.8
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	9,265	4,435	4,825	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	8,800	4,175	4,625	95.0	94.1	95.9
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	36,400	42,000	32,000	36,400	42,000	32,000
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	8,815	4,180	4,635	95.1	94.3	96.1
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	32,800	37,200	29,600	32,800	37,200	29,600
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	8,185	3,895	4,295	88.3	87.8	89.0
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	32,000	38,400	27,000	32,000	38,400	27,000
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	6,800	3,290	3,510	73.4	74.2	72.7
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	30,200	35,600	26,000	30,200	35,600	26,000
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	6,455	2,785	3,665	69.7	62.8	76.0
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,120	5,520	6,500	6,120	5,520	6,500
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	890	470	425	9.6	10.6	8.8
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	5,920	6,080	5,640	5,920	6,080	5,640
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	9,270	4,440	4,830	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	8,775	4,155	4,615	94.7	93.6	95.5
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	46,000	52,500	40,160	46,000	52,500	40,160
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	8,775	4,160	4,615	94.7	93.7	95.5
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	39,200	44,320	34,560	39,200	44,320	34,560
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	8,185	3,880	4,305	88.3	87.4	89.1
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	42,800	50,440	35,920	42,800	50,440	35,920
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	6,825	3,260	3,570	73.6	73.4	73.9
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	39,760	46,360	33,760	39,760	46,360	33,760
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	6,390	2,770	3,625	68.9	62.4	75.1
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	8,340	8,180	8,460	8,340	8,180	8,460
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	875	470	400	9.4	10.6	8.3
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	7,400	7,320	7,480	7,400	7,320	7,480
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	9,270	4,440	4,830	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	2,425	1,320	1,105	26.2	29.7	22.9
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	56,000	60,000	50,400	56,000	60,000	50,400
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	61,550	69,000	52,700	61,550	69,000	52,700
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	3,265	1,425	1,835	35.2	32.1	38.0
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	23,400	26,800	20,200	23,400	26,800	20,200
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	31,440	35,000	28,680	31,440	35,000	28,680
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	86.8	89.6	83.4	86.8	89.6	83.4
Employment income (%)	67.2	69.2	65.0	67.2	69.2	65.0
Government transfers (%)	13.2	10.4	16.5	13.2	10.4	16.5
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.6	1.6	1.6	1.6	1.6	1.6
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	4,995	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	72,000	...	...	72,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	65,500	...	...	65,500	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	1,750	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	38,800	...	...	38,800	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	35,600	...	...	35,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	3,240	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	96,000	...	...	96,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	86,000	...	...	86,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	4,990	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	89,600	...	...	89,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	76,900	...	...	76,900	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	1,750	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	46,240	...	...	46,240	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	40,480	...	...	40,480	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	3,240	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	113,000	...	...	113,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	96,500	...	...	96,500	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	4,995	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	55	...	...	1.1	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	20	...	...	0.4	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	50	...	...	1.0	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	145	...	...	2.9	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	285	...	...	5.7	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	195	...	...	3.9	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	195	...	...	3.9	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	200	...	...	4.0	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	190	...	...	3.8	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	205	...	...	4.1	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	465	...	...	9.3	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	415	...	...	8.3	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	350	...	...	7.0	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	295	...	...	5.9	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	295	...	...	5.9	...	...
$100,000 and over	1,630	...	...	32.6	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	530	...	...	10.6	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	380	...	...	7.6	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	425	...	...	8.5	...	...
$200,000 and over	300	...	...	6.0	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	4,995	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	60	...	...	1.2	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	20	...	...	0.4	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	50	...	...	1.0	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	150	...	...	3.0	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	305	...	...	6.1	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	230	...	...	4.6	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	230	...	...	4.6	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	220	...	...	4.4	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	245	...	...	4.9	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	245	...	...	4.9	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	510	...	...	10.2	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	450	...	...	9.0	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	380	...	...	7.6	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	330	...	...	6.6	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	275	...	...	5.5	...	...
$100,000 and over	1,295	...	...	25.9	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	510	...	...	10.2	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	360	...	...	7.2	...	...
$150,000 and over	420	...	...	8.4	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	2,905	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	94,000	...	...	94,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	84,000	...	...	84,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	1,275	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	87,000	...	...	87,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	77,500	...	...	77,500	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	1,000	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	131,000	...	...	131,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	112,000	...	...	112,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	3.8	...	...	3.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	555	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	62,000	...	...	62,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	58,800	...	...	58,800	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.5	...	...	2.5	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	2,915	1,375	1,540	...	...	...
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	34,800	35,600	34,000	34,800	35,600	34,000
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	32,000	32,400	31,600	32,000	32,400	31,600
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	2,885	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	111,400	...	...	111,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	94,500	...	...	94,500	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,245	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	102,000	...	...	102,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	84,600	...	...	84,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,015	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	142,400	...	...	142,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	121,000	...	...	121,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	545	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	72,800	...	...	72,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	65,600	...	...	65,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	2,910	1,420	1,490	...	...	...
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	43,160	43,520	42,800	43,160	43,520	42,800
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	38,120	38,240	38,000	38,120	38,240	38,000
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	10,820	5,225	5,595	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	1,900	965	935	17.6	18.5	16.7
0 to 5 years	525	270	260	4.9	5.2	4.6
18 to 64 years	6,885	3,355	3,530	63.6	64.2	63.1
65 years and over	2,030	900	1,135	18.8	17.2	20.3
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	1,270	560	710	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	245	120	120	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	50	25	30	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	675	310	365	...	...	...
65 years and over	360	130	230	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	11.8	10.7	12.7	11.8	10.7	12.7
0 to 17 years (%)	12.7	12.6	12.8	12.7	12.6	12.8
0 to 5 years (%)	9.6	8.0	11.0	9.6	8.0	11.0
18 to 64 years (%)	9.8	9.2	10.3	9.8	9.2	10.3
65 years and over (%)	17.5	14.2	20.2	17.5	14.2	20.2
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	10,815	5,220	5,595	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	1,905	970	930	17.6	18.6	16.6
0 to 5 years	530	265	260	4.9	5.1	4.6
18 to 64 years	6,880	3,355	3,525	63.6	64.3	63.0
65 years and over	2,035	900	1,130	18.8	17.2	20.2
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	445	230	215	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	85	45	40	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	15	5	5	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	335	180	160	...	...	...
65 years and over	20	5	10	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	4.1	4.4	3.8	4.1	4.4	3.8
0 to 17 years (%)	4.5	4.6	4.2	4.5	4.6	4.2
0 to 5 years (%)	2.0	2.0	2.0	2.0	2.0	2.0
18 to 64 years (%)	4.9	5.3	4.5	4.9	5.3	4.5
65 years and over (%)	1.0	0.8	1.2	1.0	0.8	1.2
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	10,815	5,225	5,590	100.0	100.0	100.0
In bottom half of the distribution	6,130	2,905	3,230	56.7	55.6	57.8
In bottom decile	1,410	650	760	13.0	12.4	13.6
In second decile	1,275	575	695	11.8	11.0	12.4
In third decile	1,200	600	605	11.1	11.5	10.8
In fourth decile	1,150	540	605	10.6	10.3	10.8
In fifth decile	1,095	540	565	10.1	10.3	10.1
In top half of the distribution	4,685	2,325	2,365	43.3	44.5	42.3
In sixth decile	970	470	500	9.0	9.0	8.9
In seventh decile	990	485	500	9.2	9.3	8.9
In eighth decile	920	455	460	8.5	8.7	8.2
In ninth decile	1,020	515	505	9.4	9.9	9.0
In top decile	790	395	395	7.3	7.6	7.1
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	10,815	...	...	10,815	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.313	...	...	0.313	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.425	...	...	0.425	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.280	...	...	0.280	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.7	...	...	3.7	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	10,975	5,285	5,695	100.0	100.0	100.0
English only	9,545	4,665	4,875	87.0	88.3	85.6
French only	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
English and French	1,405	605	800	12.8	11.4	14.0
Neither English nor French	20	5	15	0.2	0.1	0.3
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	10,975	5,285	5,695	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	10,615	5,125	5,490	96.7	97.0	96.4
French	315	145	170	2.9	2.7	3.0
English and French	30	10	20	0.3	0.2	0.4
Neither English nor French	20	5	15	0.2	0.1	0.3
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	10,975	5,285	5,695	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	10,700	5,155	5,545	97.5	97.5	97.4
Official languages	9,720	4,725	4,990	88.6	89.4	87.6
English	9,415	4,590	4,825	85.8	86.8	84.7
French	305	140	165	2.8	2.6	2.9
Non-official languages	980	430	555	8.9	8.1	9.7
Indigenous languages³⁹	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	980	425	555	8.9	8.0	9.7
Afro-Asiatic languages	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	15	10	5	0.1	0.2	0.1
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	105	45	60	1.0	0.9	1.1
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	90	40	50	0.8	0.8	0.9
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	55	35	20	0.5	0.7	0.4
Kannada	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Malayalam	40	25	15	0.4	0.5	0.3
Tamil	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Telugu	10	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	650	290	365	5.9	5.5	6.4
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	175	75	100	1.6	1.4	1.8
Baltic languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Latvian	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	170	75	90	1.5	1.4	1.6
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	30	15	15	0.3	0.3	0.3
Russian	70	30	40	0.6	0.6	0.7
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	20	5	10	0.2	0.1	0.2
Bosnian	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Croatian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Slovene (Slovenian)	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	180	75	105	1.6	1.4	1.8
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	120	50	70	1.1	0.9	1.2
German	110	45	60	1.0	0.9	1.1
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	45	25	20	0.4	0.5	0.4
Afrikaans	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Dutch	40	20	20	0.4	0.4	0.4
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Danish	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	125	60	65	1.1	1.1	1.1
Indo-Aryan languages	120	55	65	1.1	1.0	1.1
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Gujarati	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Hindi	30	10	15	0.3	0.2	0.3
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	75	40	35	0.7	0.8	0.6
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	160	75	90	1.5	1.4	1.6
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	75	35	40	0.7	0.7	0.7
Portuguese	40	20	20	0.4	0.4	0.4
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	45	20	30	0.4	0.4	0.5
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	40	10	30	0.4	0.2	0.5
Korean	25	10	20	0.2	0.2	0.4
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	50	25	35	0.5	0.5	0.6
Chinese languages	50	25	30	0.5	0.5	0.5
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	30	15	20	0.3	0.3	0.4
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	15	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.2
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Hungarian	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	270	125	150	2.5	2.4	2.6
English and French	90	40	45	0.8	0.8	0.8
English and non-official language(s)	160	75	85	1.5	1.4	1.5
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	20	5	15	0.2	0.1	0.3
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	10,975	5,285	5,695	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	9,670	4,705	4,960	88.1	89.0	87.1
French	100	45	50	0.9	0.9	0.9
Non-official language	135	55	75	1.2	1.0	1.3
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	135	55	75	1.2	1.0	1.3
English and French	265	110	150	2.4	2.1	2.6
English and non-official language(s)	770	330	435	7.0	6.2	7.6
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	30	10	15	0.3	0.2	0.3
Multiple non-official languages	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	10,975	5,285	5,695	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	10,775	5,195	5,580	98.2	98.3	98.0
Official languages	10,435	5,055	5,385	95.1	95.6	94.6
English	10,285	4,980	5,305	93.7	94.2	93.2
French	150	75	80	1.4	1.4	1.4
Non-official languages	335	145	195	3.1	2.7	3.4
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	335	145	195	3.1	2.7	3.4
Afro-Asiatic languages	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	65	25	40	0.6	0.5	0.7
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	65	25	40	0.6	0.5	0.7
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	30	20	15	0.3	0.4	0.3
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	25	15	10	0.2	0.3	0.2
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	160	65	95	1.5	1.2	1.7
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	25	15	15	0.2	0.3	0.3
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	25	15	15	0.2	0.3	0.3
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	30	5	25	0.3	0.1	0.4
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	15	5	15	0.1	0.1	0.3
German	15	5	15	0.1	0.1	0.3
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	65	35	30	0.6	0.7	0.5
Indo-Aryan languages	65	35	30	0.6	0.7	0.5
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	35	20	20	0.3	0.4	0.4
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	45	20	30	0.4	0.4	0.5
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	15	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.2
Portuguese	15	10	5	0.1	0.2	0.1
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	15	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.2
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	15	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.2
Korean	25	10	15	0.2	0.2	0.3
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	25	15	15	0.2	0.3	0.3
Chinese languages	25	15	15	0.2	0.3	0.3
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	15	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	15	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.2
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	200	85	115	1.8	1.6	2.0
English and French	35	15	25	0.3	0.3	0.4
English and non-official language(s)	155	70	90	1.4	1.3	1.6
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	10,975	5,280	5,695	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	10,050	4,875	5,175	91.6	92.3	90.9
English	205	90	120	1.9	1.7	2.1
French	190	85	105	1.7	1.6	1.8
Non-official language	420	195	230	3.8	3.7	4.0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	420	190	230	3.8	3.6	4.0
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	45	15	25	0.4	0.3	0.4
French and non-official language(s)	15	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	45	20	25	0.4	0.4	0.4
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	10,820	5,225	5,595	100.0	100.0	100.0
Official languages	10,805	5,210	5,590	99.9	99.7	99.9
English	10,800	5,210	5,590	99.8	99.7	99.9
French	1,400	575	825	12.9	11.0	14.7
Non-official languages	1,915	855	1,060	17.7	16.4	18.9
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	1,910	850	1,060	17.7	16.3	18.9
Afro-Asiatic languages	20	0	20	0.2	0.0	0.4
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	20	0	20	0.2	0.0	0.4
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	175	80	100	1.6	1.5	1.8
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	175	80	95	1.6	1.5	1.7
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	40	30	10	0.4	0.6	0.2
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	20	15	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	20	10	0	0.2	0.2	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	1,460	635	825	13.5	12.2	14.7
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	225	105	120	2.1	2.0	2.1
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	215	105	110	2.0	2.0	2.0
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	40	15	25	0.4	0.3	0.4
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	45	25	30	0.4	0.5	0.5
Russian	115	55	60	1.1	1.1	1.1
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	15	10	10	0.1	0.2	0.2
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	15	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	350	175	175	3.2	3.3	3.1
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	240	115	120	2.2	2.2	2.1
German	235	115	115	2.2	2.2	2.1
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	25	10	15	0.2	0.2	0.3
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	75	50	25	0.7	1.0	0.4
Afrikaans	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Dutch	65	45	20	0.6	0.9	0.4
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	55	20	30	0.5	0.4	0.5
Danish	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Swedish	30	20	20	0.3	0.4	0.4
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	190	85	105	1.8	1.6	1.9
Indo-Aryan languages	160	70	95	1.5	1.3	1.7
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.3
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	90	30	55	0.8	0.6	1.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	110	40	65	1.0	0.8	1.2
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	25	15	10	0.2	0.3	0.2
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	25	15	10	0.2	0.3	0.2
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	25	15	10	0.2	0.3	0.2
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	765	300	455	7.1	5.7	8.1
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	155	60	90	1.4	1.1	1.6
Portuguese	80	45	35	0.7	0.9	0.6
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	560	205	355	5.2	3.9	6.3
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	95	45	50	0.9	0.9	0.9
Korean	40	25	10	0.4	0.5	0.2
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	20	15	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	15	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	105	50	55	1.0	1.0	1.0
Chinese languages	105	50	55	1.0	1.0	1.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	50	25	25	0.5	0.5	0.4
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	20	10	15	0.2	0.2	0.3
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	55	15	35	0.5	0.3	0.6
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	10,820	5,225	5,595	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	600	310	290	5.5	5.9	5.2
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	590	300	290	5.5	5.7	5.2
First Nations (North American Indian)	265	110	155	2.4	2.1	2.8
Métis	320	190	130	3.0	3.6	2.3
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous identity	10,225	4,920	5,300	94.5	94.2	94.7
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	10,820	5,225	5,595	100.0	100.0	100.0
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	130	40	95	1.2	0.8	1.7
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	10,695	5,190	5,505	98.8	99.3	98.4
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	4,990	...	...	100.0	...	...
Owner	3,145	...	...	63.0	...	...
Renter	1,845	...	...	37.0	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	4,990	...	...	100.0	...	...
Condominium	490	...	...	9.8	...	...
Not condominium	4,505	...	...	90.3	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	4,990	...	...	100.0	...	...
No bedrooms	55	...	...	1.1	...	...
1 bedroom	735	...	...	14.7	...	...
2 bedrooms	1,455	...	...	29.2	...	...
3 bedrooms	1,590	...	...	31.9	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	1,150	...	...	23.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	4,990	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	1,570	...	...	31.5	...	...
5 rooms	800	...	...	16.0	...	...
6 rooms	755	...	...	15.1	...	...
7 rooms	580	...	...	11.6	...	...
8 or more rooms	1,285	...	...	25.8	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.0	...	...	6.0	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	4,990	...	...	100.0	...	...
One person or fewer per room	4,970	...	...	99.6	...	...
More than one person per room	25	...	...	0.5	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	4,990	...	...	100.0	...	...
Suitable	4,785	...	...	95.9	...	...
Not suitable	210	...	...	4.2	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	4,990	...	...	100.0	...	...
1960 or before	2,285	...	...	45.8	...	...
1961 to 1980	1,140	...	...	22.8	...	...
1981 to 1990	295	...	...	5.9	...	...
1991 to 2000	525	...	...	10.5	...	...
2001 to 2005	105	...	...	2.1	...	...
2006 to 2010	220	...	...	4.4	...	...
2011 to 2015	195	...	...	3.9	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	220	...	...	4.4	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	4,990	...	...	100.0	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	4,520	...	...	90.6	...	...
Major repairs needed	475	...	...	9.5	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	4,990	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-maintainer household	2,700	...	...	54.1	...	...
Two-maintainer household	2,015	...	...	40.4	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	270	...	...	5.4	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	4,990	...	...	100.0	...	...
15 to 24 years	115	...	...	2.3	...	...
25 to 34 years	765	...	...	15.3	...	...
35 to 44 years	900	...	...	18.0	...	...
45 to 54 years	945	...	...	18.9	...	...
55 to 64 years	860	...	...	17.2	...	...
65 to 74 years	825	...	...	16.5	...	...
75 to 84 years	400	...	...	8.0	...	...
85 years and over	180	...	...	3.6	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	4,985	...	...	100.0	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	3,840	...	...	77.0	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	1,145	...	...	23.0	...	...
30% to less than 100%	1,055	...	...	21.2	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	4,990	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	1,615	...	...	32.4	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	950	...	...	19.0	...	...
Not suitable only	135	...	...	2.7	...	...
Major repairs needed only	315	...	...	6.3	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	55	...	...	1.1	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	135	...	...	2.7	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	20	...	...	0.4	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Acceptable housing	3,380	...	...	67.7	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	4,890	...	...	100.0	...	...
In core need	510	...	...	10.4	...	...
Not in core need	4,380	...	...	89.6	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	3,145	...	...	...	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	56.3	...	...	56.3	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	15.3	...	...	15.3	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	5.3	...	...	5.3	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,150	...	...	1,150	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,326	...	...	1,326	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	580,000	...	...	580,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	587,000	...	...	587,000	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	1,845	...	...	...	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	11.7	...	...	11.7	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	36.1	...	...	36.1	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	19.2	...	...	19.2	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,130	...	...	1,130	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,201	...	...	1,201	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	...	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	10,825	5,230	5,595	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	125	70	55	1.2	1.3	1.0
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	120	65	55	1.1	1.2	1.0
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	55	20	30	0.5	0.4	0.5
Métis single ancestry	70	45	30	0.6	0.9	0.5
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	530	270	265	4.9	5.2	4.7
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	520	265	260	4.8	5.1	4.6
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	350	160	185	3.2	3.1	3.3
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	170	100	75	1.6	1.9	1.3
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	10,165	4,890	5,275	93.9	93.5	94.3
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	10,825	5,230	5,595	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	9,850	4,755	5,095	91.0	90.9	91.1
Canadian citizens aged under 18	1,785	870	915	16.5	16.6	16.4
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	8,060	3,885	4,180	74.5	74.3	74.7
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	975	470	500	9.0	9.0	8.9
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	10,825	5,230	5,595	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	8,805	4,230	4,575	81.3	80.9	81.8
Immigrants⁸¹	1,615	785	830	14.9	15.0	14.8
Before 1980	575	315	260	5.3	6.0	4.6
1980 to 1990	135	55	75	1.2	1.1	1.3
1991 to 2000	125	45	75	1.2	0.9	1.3
2001 to 2010	315	145	175	2.9	2.8	3.1
2011 to 2021⁸²	465	220	245	4.3	4.2	4.4
2011 to 2015	125	50	65	1.2	1.0	1.2
2016 to 2021	340	160	180	3.1	3.1	3.2
Non-permanent residents⁸³	405	220	185	3.7	4.2	3.3
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	1,610	780	825	100.0	100.0	100.0
Under 5 years	235	170	60	14.6	21.8	7.3
5 to 14 years	245	120	130	15.2	15.4	15.8
15 to 24 years	325	135	190	20.2	17.3	23.0
25 to 44 years	700	310	390	43.5	39.7	47.3
45 years and over	110	50	60	6.8	6.4	7.3
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	1,610	780	825	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	465	225	240	28.9	28.8	29.1
Brazil	10	0	0	0.6	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
El Salvador	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyana	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	20	15	0	1.2	1.9	0.0
Peru	10	0	10	0.6	0.0	1.2
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	390	195	195	24.2	25.0	23.6
Other places of birth in Americas	25	0	20	1.6	0.0	2.4
Europe	760	390	365	47.2	50.0	44.2
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	30	15	20	1.9	1.9	2.4
Germany	65	30	35	4.0	3.8	4.2
Greece	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	60	20	40	3.7	2.6	4.8
Netherlands	40	35	0	2.5	4.5	0.0
Poland	25	10	20	1.6	1.3	2.4
Portugal	15	0	15	0.9	0.0	1.8
Romania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	20	0	10	1.2	0.0	1.2
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	10	0	0	0.6	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	365	215	150	22.7	27.6	18.2
Other places of birth in Europe	115	45	70	7.1	5.8	8.5
Africa	55	20	35	3.4	2.6	4.2
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	35	15	20	2.2	1.9	2.4
Other places of birth in Africa	20	0	15	1.2	0.0	1.8
Asia	275	110	170	17.1	14.1	20.6
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	20	10	15	1.2	1.3	1.8
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	35	15	15	2.2	1.9	1.8
Hong Kong⁹¹	10	0	0	0.6	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	10	0	0	0.6	0.0	0.0
Taiwan	10	0	10	0.6	0.0	1.2
Philippines	85	40	45	5.3	5.1	5.5
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	55	20	35	3.4	2.6	4.2
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	40	10	30	2.5	1.3	3.6
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	60	35	20	3.7	4.5	2.4
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	340	165	180	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	80	50	35	23.5	30.3	19.4
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	10	10	0	2.9	6.1	0.0
United States of America	70	40	30	20.6	24.2	16.7
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Europe	110	55	60	32.4	33.3	33.3
France	15	0	15	4.4	0.0	8.3
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	10	0	0	2.9	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	60	30	30	17.6	18.2	16.7
Other places of birth in Europe	30	15	10	8.8	9.1	5.6
Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asia	115	35	75	33.8	21.2	41.7
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	50	20	30	14.7	12.1	16.7
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	55	20	35	16.2	12.1	19.4
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania and other⁹³	30	20	0	8.8	12.1	0.0
Australia	20	20	0	5.9	12.1	0.0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	10,820	5,225	5,595	100.0	100.0	100.0
First generation¹⁰⁰	2,270	1,125	1,140	21.0	21.5	20.4
Second generation¹⁰¹	2,115	975	1,140	19.5	18.7	20.4
Third generation or more¹⁰²	6,440	3,125	3,315	59.5	59.8	59.2
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	1,035	465	570	100.0	100.0	100.0
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	605	290	320	58.5	62.4	56.1
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	290	130	160	28.0	28.0	28.1
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	315	160	155	30.4	34.4	27.2
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	370	155	215	35.7	33.3	37.7
Refugees¹⁰⁸	40	15	25	3.9	3.2	4.4
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	15	0	10	1.4	0.0	1.8
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	1,035	465	570	100.0	100.0	100.0
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	305	135	165	29.5	29.0	28.9
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	50	25	25	4.8	5.4	4.4
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	75	30	45	7.2	6.5	7.9
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	600	270	330	58.0	58.1	57.9
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	10,820	5,225	5,595	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	1,005	430	575	9.3	8.2	10.3
South Asian	245	110	140	2.3	2.1	2.5
Chinese	110	45	65	1.0	0.9	1.2
Black	80	20	60	0.7	0.4	1.1
Filipino	190	75	110	1.8	1.4	2.0
Arab	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Latin American	90	40	50	0.8	0.8	0.9
Southeast Asian	25	10	15	0.2	0.2	0.3
West Asian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	35	25	10	0.3	0.5	0.2
Japanese	130	45	85	1.2	0.9	1.5
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	20	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.2
Multiple visible minorities	55	25	30	0.5	0.5	0.5
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	9,820	4,795	5,020	90.8	91.8	89.7
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	10,820	5,230	5,595	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian	840	425	410	7.8	8.1	7.3
English	3,420	1,620	1,800	31.6	31.0	32.2
Irish	2,220	1,010	1,210	20.5	19.3	21.6
Scottish	2,525	1,205	1,320	23.3	23.0	23.6
French, n.o.s.¹²²	1,405	640	765	13.0	12.2	13.7
German	1,760	840	925	16.3	16.1	16.5
Chinese	115	50	65	1.1	1.0	1.2
Italian	795	395	400	7.3	7.6	7.1
Indian (India)	200	105	95	1.8	2.0	1.7
Ukrainian	615	315	305	5.7	6.0	5.5
Dutch	570	285	285	5.3	5.4	5.1
Polish	505	220	285	4.7	4.2	5.1
Québécois	40	20	15	0.4	0.4	0.3
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	590	275	315	5.5	5.3	5.6
Filipino	205	90	115	1.9	1.7	2.1
French Canadian	100	45	50	0.9	0.9	0.9
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	190	115	75	1.8	2.2	1.3
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	180	70	115	1.7	1.3	2.1
Métis	255	155	100	2.4	3.0	1.8
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	455	235	220	4.2	4.5	3.9
Russian	590	310	280	5.5	5.9	5.0
Norwegian	395	160	235	3.7	3.1	4.2
Welsh	380	185	190	3.5	3.5	3.4
Portuguese	65	15	45	0.6	0.3	0.8
American	305	120	180	2.8	2.3	3.2
Spanish	80	25	55	0.7	0.5	1.0
Swedish	435	180	255	4.0	3.4	4.6
Hungarian	155	75	85	1.4	1.4	1.5
Acadian	45	10	35	0.4	0.2	0.6
Pakistani	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	30	10	25	0.3	0.2	0.4
Jewish	145	75	70	1.3	1.4	1.3
Punjabi	20	0	20	0.2	0.0	0.4
Vietnamese	20	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.3
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Greek	75	35	35	0.7	0.7	0.6
Jamaican	25	15	10	0.2	0.3	0.2
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	40	15	20	0.4	0.3	0.4
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	55	15	40	0.5	0.3	0.7
Korean	40	35	10	0.4	0.7	0.2
Romanian	65	25	45	0.6	0.5	0.8
Lebanese	35	15	20	0.3	0.3	0.4
Iranian	30	15	10	0.3	0.3	0.2
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	145	75	70	1.3	1.4	1.3
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	25	15	10	0.2	0.3	0.2
Sikh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austrian	180	80	105	1.7	1.5	1.9
Belgian	60	15	45	0.6	0.3	0.8
Haitian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexican	40	20	20	0.4	0.4	0.4
Mennonite	55	15	35	0.5	0.3	0.6
Swiss	170	75	90	1.6	1.4	1.6
Finnish	145	70	75	1.3	1.3	1.3
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	40	25	15	0.4	0.5	0.3
Japanese	150	60	90	1.4	1.1	1.6
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	35	25	10	0.3	0.5	0.2
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	55	15	35	0.5	0.3	0.6
Muslim	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egyptian	20	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.3
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	80	50	30	0.7	1.0	0.5
Colombian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moroccan	20	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.2
Czech	100	65	35	0.9	1.2	0.6
Syrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyanese	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Afghan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway	15	10	10	0.1	0.2	0.2
Newfoundlander	30	15	15	0.3	0.3	0.3
Hong Konger	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ontarian	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	20	15	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algerian	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Brazilian	50	30	15	0.5	0.6	0.3
Nigerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	30	25	10	0.3	0.5	0.2
Slovak	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	70	35	35	0.6	0.7	0.6
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwanese	15	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Iraqi	20	10	15	0.2	0.2	0.3
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Algonquin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.3
South African	20	10	0	0.2	0.2	0.0
Australian	65	25	40	0.6	0.5	0.7
Palestinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chilean	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.3
Congolese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	30	20	10	0.3	0.4	0.2
Peruvian	35	10	25	0.3	0.2	0.4
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovenian	15	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	25	10	15	0.2	0.2	0.3
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Canadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israeli	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	15	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albertan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African American	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	20	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.3
Tunisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuban	15	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	45	10	35	0.4	0.2	0.6
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Laotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Northern Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
British Columbian	35	20	15	0.3	0.4	0.3
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jatt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dominican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	20	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.3
Abenaki	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Zealander	40	15	30	0.4	0.3	0.5
Sudanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Breton	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania Dutch	15	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Malaysian	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gaspesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norman	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Ivorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Manitoban	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Honduran	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cherokee	15	15	0	0.1	0.3	0.0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Flemish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sicilian	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Pashtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Goan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamileke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Libyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Basque	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igorot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guinean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maliseet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Beninese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Roma	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tajik	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amhara	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	10,820	5,225	5,595	100.0	100.0	100.0
Buddhist	150	45	105	1.4	0.9	1.9
Christian	2,695	1,185	1,510	24.9	22.7	27.0
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	415	185	230	3.8	3.5	4.1
Anabaptist	30	10	20	0.3	0.2	0.4
Anglican	240	105	135	2.2	2.0	2.4
Baptist	40	15	25	0.4	0.3	0.4
Catholic	1,040	500	540	9.6	9.6	9.7
Christian Orthodox	45	25	20	0.4	0.5	0.4
Jehovah's Witness	65	30	40	0.6	0.6	0.7
Latter Day Saints	40	15	20	0.4	0.3	0.4
Lutheran	70	25	40	0.6	0.5	0.7
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	25	15	10	0.2	0.3	0.2
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	50	20	30	0.5	0.4	0.5
Presbyterian	105	55	45	1.0	1.1	0.8
Reformed	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Church	375	120	255	3.5	2.3	4.6
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	155	65	90	1.4	1.2	1.6
Hindu	65	25	40	0.6	0.5	0.7
Jewish	125	50	75	1.2	1.0	1.3
Muslim	20	20	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
Sikh	70	30	40	0.6	0.6	0.7
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	210	105	110	1.9	2.0	2.0
No religion and secular perspectives	7,480	3,770	3,710	69.1	72.2	66.3
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	10,745	5,185	5,565	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	8,895	4,230	4,665	82.8	81.6	83.8
Movers	1,855	950	900	17.3	18.3	16.2
Non-migrants	1,060	525	535	9.9	10.1	9.6
Migrants	795	430	365	7.4	8.3	6.6
Internal migrants	665	355	310	6.2	6.8	5.6
Intraprovincial migrants	345	175	175	3.2	3.4	3.1
Interprovincial migrants	320	185	135	3.0	3.6	2.4
External migrants	130	75	55	1.2	1.4	1.0
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	10,385	4,990	5,395	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	5,390	2,520	2,870	51.9	50.5	53.2
Movers	4,995	2,470	2,520	48.1	49.5	46.7
Non-migrants	1,600	830	770	15.4	16.6	14.3
Migrants	3,395	1,640	1,750	32.7	32.9	32.4
Internal migrants	2,690	1,300	1,390	25.9	26.1	25.8
Intraprovincial migrants	1,760	825	935	16.9	16.5	17.3
Interprovincial migrants	930	475	460	9.0	9.5	8.5
External migrants	700	340	360	6.7	6.8	6.7
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	9,270	4,440	4,830	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	1,050	525	520	11.3	11.8	10.8
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	8,225	3,920	4,305	88.7	88.3	89.1
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	6,165	3,005	3,160	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	325	180	140	5.3	6.0	4.4
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	5,840	2,820	3,015	94.7	93.8	95.4
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	9,270	4,440	4,830	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	930	455	470	10.0	10.2	9.7
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	2,225	1,165	1,060	24.0	26.2	21.9
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	6,120	2,820	3,305	66.0	63.5	68.4
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	2,980	1,415	1,565	32.1	31.9	32.4
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	730	495	230	7.9	11.1	4.8
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	290	125	160	3.1	2.8	3.3
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	440	370	70	4.7	8.3	1.4
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	1,895	765	1,130	20.4	17.2	23.4
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	360	155	205	3.9	3.5	4.2
Bachelor's degree or higher	3,140	1,400	1,740	33.9	31.5	36.0
Bachelor's degree	2,075	965	1,110	22.4	21.7	23.0
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	190	75	110	2.0	1.7	2.3
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	75	40	40	0.8	0.9	0.8
Master's degree	700	275	425	7.6	6.2	8.8
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	100	45	55	1.1	1.0	1.1
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	6,160	3,000	3,155	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	260	145	115	4.2	4.8	3.6
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	1,310	705	600	21.3	23.5	19.0
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	4,590	2,150	2,440	74.5	71.7	77.3
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	2,130	1,050	1,080	34.6	35.0	34.2
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	490	335	150	8.0	11.2	4.8
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	195	80	115	3.2	2.7	3.6
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	300	260	35	4.9	8.7	1.1
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	1,385	585	800	22.5	19.5	25.4
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	255	130	125	4.1	4.3	4.0
Bachelor's degree or higher	2,455	1,100	1,360	39.9	36.7	43.1
Bachelor's degree	1,660	790	870	26.9	26.3	27.6
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	140	55	85	2.3	1.8	2.7
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	60	25	35	1.0	0.8	1.1
Master's degree	525	195	330	8.5	6.5	10.5
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	70	35	40	1.1	1.2	1.3
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	9,275	4,445	4,825	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	3,150	1,625	1,525	34.0	36.6	31.6
Education	420	130	290	4.5	2.9	6.0
13. Education	420	130	290	4.5	2.9	6.0
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	415	150	265	4.5	3.4	5.5
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	25	20	10	0.3	0.4	0.2
50. Visual and performing arts	390	135	255	4.2	3.0	5.3
Humanities	405	170	235	4.4	3.8	4.9
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	25	0	25	0.3	0.0	0.5
23. English language and literature/letters	150	60	90	1.6	1.3	1.9
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	95	15	80	1.0	0.3	1.7
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	15	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.2
38. Philosophy and religious studies	25	20	0	0.3	0.4	0.0
39. Theology and religious vocations	25	20	10	0.3	0.4	0.2
54. History	60	45	20	0.6	1.0	0.4
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	735	250	485	7.9	5.6	10.1
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	20	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.3
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	110	30	80	1.2	0.7	1.7
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	100	10	95	1.1	0.2	2.0
22. Legal professions and studies	100	40	55	1.1	0.9	1.1
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	20	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.3
42. Psychology	120	45	75	1.3	1.0	1.6
45. Social sciences	270	115	155	2.9	2.6	3.2
Business, management and public administration	1,145	465	680	12.3	10.5	14.1
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	145	20	120	1.6	0.4	2.5
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	995	440	555	10.7	9.9	11.5
Physical and life sciences and technologies	265	135	125	2.9	3.0	2.6
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	135	50	80	1.5	1.1	1.7
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	50	25	20	0.5	0.6	0.4
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
40. Physical sciences	80	60	25	0.9	1.3	0.5
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	200	120	80	2.2	2.7	1.7
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	125	90	40	1.3	2.0	0.8
25. Library science	45	10	35	0.5	0.2	0.7
27. Mathematics and statistics	30	25	0	0.3	0.6	0.0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	980	855	115	10.6	19.2	2.4
04. Architecture and related services	90	50	40	1.0	1.1	0.8
14. Engineering	205	170	30	2.2	3.8	0.6
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	145	130	15	1.6	2.9	0.3
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	275	265	10	3.0	6.0	0.2
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	160	150	10	1.7	3.4	0.2
48. Precision production	95	95	0	1.0	2.1	0.0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	305	165	145	3.3	3.7	3.0
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	85	55	30	0.9	1.2	0.6
03. Natural resources and conservation	220	110	110	2.4	2.5	2.3
Health and related fields	970	230	740	10.5	5.2	15.3
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	145	65	80	1.6	1.5	1.7
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	805	155	650	8.7	3.5	13.5
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Personal, protective and transportation services	285	145	140	3.1	3.3	2.9
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	210	80	130	2.3	1.8	2.7
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	35	30	0	0.4	0.7	0.0
49. Transportation and materials moving	40	35	0	0.4	0.8	0.0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	6,160	3,005	3,160	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	1,575	855	720	25.6	28.5	22.8
Education	250	85	170	4.1	2.8	5.4
13. Education	250	85	170	4.1	2.8	5.4
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	335	115	225	5.4	3.8	7.1
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	15	10	10	0.2	0.3	0.3
50. Visual and performing arts	320	105	215	5.2	3.5	6.8
Humanities	285	120	165	4.6	4.0	5.2
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	15	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.5
23. English language and literature/letters	125	45	75	2.0	1.5	2.4
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	75	10	65	1.2	0.3	2.1
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	20	15	0	0.3	0.5	0.0
39. Theology and religious vocations	15	15	0	0.2	0.5	0.0
54. History	30	25	0	0.5	0.8	0.0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	580	200	385	9.4	6.7	12.2
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	15	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.3
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	95	30	60	1.5	1.0	1.9
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	85	10	75	1.4	0.3	2.4
22. Legal professions and studies	70	30	40	1.1	1.0	1.3
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	20	0	15	0.3	0.0	0.5
42. Psychology	80	25	50	1.3	0.8	1.6
45. Social sciences	225	95	135	3.7	3.2	4.3
Business, management and public administration	845	380	465	13.7	12.6	14.7
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	100	15	85	1.6	0.5	2.7
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	745	365	380	12.1	12.1	12.0
Physical and life sciences and technologies	215	110	105	3.5	3.7	3.3
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	100	40	65	1.6	1.3	2.1
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	40	25	20	0.6	0.8	0.6
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
40. Physical sciences	65	45	25	1.1	1.5	0.8
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	150	100	50	2.4	3.3	1.6
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	100	70	30	1.6	2.3	0.9
25. Library science	20	0	15	0.3	0.0	0.5
27. Mathematics and statistics	20	20	0	0.3	0.7	0.0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	750	645	105	12.2	21.5	3.3
04. Architecture and related services	75	40	40	1.2	1.3	1.3
14. Engineering	175	140	35	2.8	4.7	1.1
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	120	105	15	1.9	3.5	0.5
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	190	185	0	3.1	6.2	0.0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	110	100	10	1.8	3.3	0.3
48. Precision production	70	70	0	1.1	2.3	0.0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	250	130	120	4.1	4.3	3.8
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	55	35	20	0.9	1.2	0.6
03. Natural resources and conservation	195	95	100	3.2	3.2	3.2
Health and related fields	695	160	530	11.3	5.3	16.8
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	125	55	70	2.0	1.8	2.2
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	555	100	455	9.0	3.3	14.4
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	20	0	10	0.3	0.0	0.3
Personal, protective and transportation services	235	115	115	3.8	3.8	3.6
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	180	70	110	2.9	2.3	3.5
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	20	15	0	0.3	0.5	0.0
49. Transportation and materials moving	35	30	0	0.6	1.0	0.0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	6,160	3,005	3,160	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,575	855	720	25.6	28.5	22.8
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	4,585	2,145	2,440	74.4	71.4	77.2
Location of study inside Canada	3,750	1,745	2,005	60.9	58.1	63.4
Same as province or territory of residence	2,245	1,055	1,190	36.4	35.1	37.7
Different than province or territory of residence	1,505	690	815	24.4	23.0	25.8
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	840	405	435	13.6	13.5	13.8
Americas	270	140	130	4.4	4.7	4.1
United States of America	225	130	100	3.7	4.3	3.2
Mexico	20	0	10	0.3	0.0	0.3
Cuba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazil	15	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Americas	15	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.5
Europe	265	135	130	4.3	4.5	4.1
Belgium	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	30	0	20	0.5	0.0	0.6
Germany	15	15	10	0.2	0.5	0.3
Netherlands	20	0	10	0.3	0.0	0.3
Switzerland	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	130	80	55	2.1	2.7	1.7
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	15	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.3
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Europe	30	15	15	0.5	0.5	0.5
Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asia	235	95	145	3.8	3.2	4.6
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
Taiwan	10	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.3
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	15	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.3
Korea, South⁹²	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
Philippines	90	40	50	1.5	1.3	1.6
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	90	35	50	1.5	1.2	1.6
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania	65	30	30	1.1	1.0	0.9
Australia	45	30	15	0.7	1.0	0.5
New Zealand	20	0	15	0.3	0.0	0.5
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	9,270	4,440	4,830	...	...	...
In the labour force	6,295	3,145	3,155	...	...	...
Employed	5,700	2,820	2,875	...	...	...
Unemployed	600	320	280	...	...	...
Not in the labour force	2,975	1,300	1,675	...	...	...
Participation rate	67.9	70.8	65.3	67.9	70.8	65.3
Employment rate	61.5	63.5	59.5	61.5	63.5	59.5
Unemployment rate	9.5	10.2	8.9	9.5	10.2	8.9
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	9,275	4,445	4,825	100.0	100.0	100.0
Did not work¹⁸⁶	2,975	1,330	1,650	32.1	29.9	34.2
Worked	6,295	3,115	3,175	67.9	70.1	65.8
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	2,530	1,400	1,135	27.3	31.5	23.5
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	3,760	1,720	2,045	40.5	38.7	42.4
Average weeks worked in reference year	39.7	39.9	39.4	39.7	39.9	39.4
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	6,295	3,140	3,155	100.0	100.0	100.0
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	120	70	55	1.9	2.2	1.7
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	6,170	3,070	3,100	98.0	97.8	98.3
Employee	4,770	2,270	2,500	75.8	72.3	79.2
Permanent position	3,720	1,740	1,975	59.1	55.4	62.6
Temporary position	1,050	530	515	16.7	16.9	16.3
Fixed term (1 year or more)	260	115	145	4.1	3.7	4.6
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	790	415	375	12.5	13.2	11.9
Self-employed¹⁹²	1,405	805	600	22.3	25.6	19.0
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	6,295	3,140	3,155	100.0	100.0	100.0
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	120	70	55	1.9	2.2	1.7
All occupations¹⁹¹	6,170	3,070	3,100	98.0	97.8	98.3
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	50	40	10	0.8	1.3	0.3
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	875	225	645	13.9	7.2	20.4
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	615	425	185	9.8	13.5	5.9
3 Health occupations	480	130	350	7.6	4.1	11.1
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	790	235	555	12.5	7.5	17.6
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	360	160	200	5.7	5.1	6.3
6 Sales and service occupations	1,755	780	975	27.9	24.8	30.9
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	900	835	65	14.3	26.6	2.1
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	230	165	65	3.7	5.3	2.1
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	115	75	45	1.8	2.4	1.4
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	6,295	3,140	3,155	100.0	100.0	100.0
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	120	70	55	1.9	2.2	1.7
All industries¹⁹¹	6,170	3,070	3,100	98.0	97.8	98.3
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	175	125	55	2.8	4.0	1.7
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	50	40	0	0.8	1.3	0.0
22 Utilities	35	30	0	0.6	1.0	0.0
23 Construction	595	530	70	9.5	16.9	2.2
31-33 Manufacturing	200	115	80	3.2	3.7	2.5
41 Wholesale trade	70	35	30	1.1	1.1	1.0
44-45 Retail trade	850	375	470	13.5	11.9	14.9
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	130	100	30	2.1	3.2	1.0
51 Information and cultural industries	95	40	50	1.5	1.3	1.6
52 Finance and insurance	125	45	80	2.0	1.4	2.5
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	90	55	35	1.4	1.8	1.1
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	585	340	245	9.3	10.8	7.8
55 Management of companies and enterprises	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	235	135	105	3.7	4.3	3.3
61 Educational services	545	180	365	8.7	5.7	11.6
62 Health care and social assistance	835	210	620	13.3	6.7	19.7
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	235	140	95	3.7	4.5	3.0
72 Accommodation and food services	650	275	380	10.3	8.8	12.0
81 Other services (except public administration)	300	100	205	4.8	3.2	6.5
91 Public administration	375	200	175	6.0	6.4	5.5
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	6,690	3,320	3,370	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	6,550	3,270	3,280	97.9	98.5	97.3
French	15	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.3
Non-official language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and French	75	20	60	1.1	0.6	1.8
English and non-official language(s)	35	15	15	0.5	0.5	0.4
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	6,690	3,320	3,370	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	6,680	3,315	3,365	99.9	99.8	99.9
Official languages	6,675	3,310	3,365	99.8	99.7	99.9
English	6,650	3,305	3,345	99.4	99.5	99.3
French	25	10	20	0.4	0.3	0.6
Non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	6,690	3,320	3,370	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	6,580	3,285	3,295	98.4	98.9	97.8
English	15	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.3
French	65	15	50	1.0	0.5	1.5
Non-official language	30	15	10	0.4	0.5	0.3
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	30	15	10	0.4	0.5	0.3
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	5,695	2,820	2,880	100.0	100.0	100.0
Worked at home	1,215	510	705	21.3	18.1	24.5
Worked outside Canada	10	10	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
No fixed workplace address	875	675	205	15.4	23.9	7.1
Usual place of work	3,600	1,625	1,975	63.2	57.6	68.6
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	3,600	1,625	1,975	100.0	100.0	100.0
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	2,955	1,260	1,690	82.1	77.5	85.6
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	455	245	210	12.6	15.1	10.6
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	95	70	25	2.6	4.3	1.3
Commute to a different province or territory	95	45	45	2.6	2.8	2.3
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	4,475	2,300	2,175	100.0	100.0	100.0
Car, truck or van	2,920	1,610	1,310	65.3	70.0	60.2
Car, truck or van - as a driver	2,630	1,515	1,115	58.8	65.9	51.3
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	290	100	195	6.5	4.3	9.0
Public transit	85	40	50	1.9	1.7	2.3
Walked	1,060	425	630	23.7	18.5	29.0
Bicycle	250	145	105	5.6	6.3	4.8
Other method	160	80	85	3.6	3.5	3.9
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	4,475	2,300	2,175	100.0	100.0	100.0
Less than 15 minutes	2,660	1,240	1,425	59.4	53.9	65.5
15 to 29 minutes	1,060	575	480	23.7	25.0	22.1
30 to 44 minutes	485	300	195	10.8	13.0	9.0
45 to 59 minutes	150	95	55	3.4	4.1	2.5
60 minutes and over	115	95	25	2.6	4.1	1.1
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	4,475	2,300	2,175	100.0	100.0	100.0
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	155	105	55	3.5	4.6	2.5
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	555	350	205	12.4	15.2	9.4
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	1,120	655	470	25.0	28.5	21.6
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	1,390	640	750	31.1	27.8	34.5
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	700	270	430	15.6	11.7	19.8
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	550	285	270	12.3	12.4	12.4
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	1,950	995	955	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	280	145	140	14.4	14.6	14.7
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	1,675	850	825	85.9	85.4	86.4
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	1,490	755	730	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	215	110	105	14.4	14.6	14.4
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	140	75	70	9.4	9.9	9.6
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	80	45	35	5.4	6.0	4.8
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	1,275	640	630	85.6	84.8	86.3

Symbol legend

...
not applicable
^r
revised

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 30, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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