Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	LadysmithMore information: British Columbia [Population centre]
	Counts			Rates
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	11,194	...	...	...	...	...
Population, 2016¹	10,637	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	5.2	...	...	5.2	...	...
Total private dwellings²	5,125	...	...	...	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	4,920	...	...	...	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	808.2	...	...	808.2	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	13.85	...	...	...	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	11,195	5,385	5,810	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	1,440	740	695	12.9	13.7	12.0
0 to 4 years	400	205	195	3.6	3.8	3.4
5 to 9 years	505	255	250	4.5	4.7	4.3
10 to 14 years	530	285	250	4.7	5.3	4.3
15 to 64 years	6,175	2,905	3,270	55.2	53.9	56.3
15 to 19 years	470	240	230	4.2	4.5	4.0
20 to 24 years	345	165	180	3.1	3.1	3.1
25 to 29 years	440	230	210	3.9	4.3	3.6
30 to 34 years	535	240	290	4.8	4.5	5.0
35 to 39 years	625	305	325	5.6	5.7	5.6
40 to 44 years	595	285	310	5.3	5.3	5.3
45 to 49 years	535	265	275	4.8	4.9	4.7
50 to 54 years	685	305	375	6.1	5.7	6.5
55 to 59 years	895	410	480	8.0	7.6	8.3
60 to 64 years	1,050	460	595	9.4	8.5	10.2
65 years and over	3,580	1,735	1,845	32.0	32.2	31.8
65 to 69 years	1,115	525	595	10.0	9.7	10.2
70 to 74 years	975	490	485	8.7	9.1	8.3
75 to 79 years	675	330	350	6.0	6.1	6.0
80 to 84 years	430	220	210	3.8	4.1	3.6
85 years and over	390	180	215	3.5	3.3	3.7
85 to 89 years	240	120	120	2.1	2.2	2.1
90 to 94 years	120	50	70	1.1	0.9	1.2
95 to 99 years	25	10	20	0.2	0.2	0.3
100 years and over	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	12.9	13.7	12.0	12.9	13.7	12.0
15 to 64 years	55.2	53.9	56.3	55.2	53.9	56.3
65 years and over	32.0	32.2	31.8	32.0	32.2	31.8
85 years and over	3.5	3.3	3.7	3.5	3.3	3.7
Average age of the population	49.3	48.7	49.9	49.3	48.7	49.9
Median age of the population	54.4	53.6	55.2	54.4	53.6	55.2
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	4,920	...	...	100.0	...	...
Single-detached house	3,570	...	...	72.6	...	...
Semi-detached house	250	...	...	5.1	...	...
Row house	240	...	...	4.9	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	185	...	...	3.8	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	380	...	...	7.7	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Other single-attached house	35	...	...	0.7	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	260	...	...	5.3	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	4,920	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 person	1,340	...	...	27.2	...	...
2 persons	2,185	...	...	44.4	...	...
3 persons	635	...	...	12.9	...	...
4 persons	510	...	...	10.4	...	...
5 or more persons	255	...	...	5.2	...	...
Number of persons in private households	11,025	5,320	5,705	100.0	100.0	100.0
Average household size	2.2	...	...	2.2	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	9,755	4,640	5,115	100.0	100.0	100.0
Married or living common-law	6,290	3,140	3,150	64.5	67.7	61.6
Married	5,170	2,585	2,585	53.0	55.7	50.5
Living common-law	1,120	555	565	11.5	12.0	11.0
Living common law - Never married	670	330	340	6.9	7.1	6.6
Living common law - Separated	55	25	25	0.6	0.5	0.5
Living common law - Divorced	365	185	180	3.7	4.0	3.5
Living common law - Widowed	40	15	25	0.4	0.3	0.5
Not married and not living common-law	3,470	1,500	1,965	35.6	32.3	38.4
Not married and not living common law - Never married	1,725	905	820	17.7	19.5	16.0
Not married and not living common law - Separated	255	115	140	2.6	2.5	2.7
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	795	310	490	8.1	6.7	9.6
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	685	165	520	7.0	3.6	10.2
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	3,520	...	...	100.0	...	...
2 persons	2,290	...	...	65.1	...	...
3 persons	620	...	...	17.6	...	...
4 persons	465	...	...	13.2	...	...
5 or more persons	150	...	...	4.3	...	...
Average size of census families	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.6	...	...	1.6	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	3,525	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total couple families	3,100	...	...	87.9	...	...
Married couples	2,535	...	...	71.9	...	...
With children⁶	910	...	...	25.8	...	...
Without children	1,630	...	...	46.2	...	...
Common-law couples	565	...	...	16.0	...	...
With children⁶	165	...	...	4.7	...	...
Without children	395	...	...	11.2	...	...
Total one-parent families	420	...	...	11.9	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	315	...	...	8.9	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	110	...	...	3.1	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	11,025	5,320	5,705	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total - Persons in census families	9,080	4,505	4,575	82.4	84.7	80.2
Married spouses or common-law partners	6,200	3,090	3,115	56.2	58.1	54.6
Parents in one-parent families	425	105	315	3.9	2.0	5.5
Children⁶	2,460	1,310	1,150	22.3	24.6	20.2
In a two-parent family	1,845	970	875	16.7	18.2	15.3
In a one-parent family	615	340	275	5.6	6.4	4.8
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	1,940	815	1,125	17.6	15.3	19.7
Living alone	1,340	540	800	12.2	10.2	14.0
Living with other relatives⁷	210	80	130	1.9	1.5	2.3
Living with non-relatives only	385	190	195	3.5	3.6	3.4
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	4,920	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	3,130	...	...	63.6	...	...
Couple-family households	2,800	...	...	56.9	...	...
With children⁶	955	...	...	19.4	...	...
Without children	1,845	...	...	37.5	...	...
One-parent-family households	330	...	...	6.7	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	100	...	...	2.0	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	45	...	...	0.9	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	155	...	...	3.2	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	150	...	...	3.0	...	...
One-person households	1,340	...	...	27.2	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	9,585	4,580	5,005	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	9,375	4,485	4,890	97.8	97.9	97.7
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	40,800	49,600	34,400	40,800	49,600	34,400
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	9,385	4,490	4,895	97.9	98.0	97.8
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	37,200	44,400	31,800	37,200	44,400	31,800
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	8,555	4,170	4,390	89.3	91.0	87.7
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	31,400	41,600	24,600	31,400	41,600	24,600
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	5,765	2,885	2,880	60.1	63.0	57.5
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	36,400	48,800	28,600	36,400	48,800	28,600
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	7,995	3,645	4,350	83.4	79.6	86.9
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	13,100	14,000	12,600	13,100	14,000	12,600
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	735	365	365	7.7	8.0	7.3
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,600	5,520	5,680	5,600	5,520	5,680
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	1,875	845	1,030	19.6	18.4	20.6
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,000	7,000	8,000	8,000	7,000	8,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	9,720	4,640	5,080	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	9,500	4,535	4,960	97.7	97.7	97.6
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	49,240	58,500	40,720	49,240	58,500	40,720
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	9,510	4,545	4,965	97.8	98.0	97.7
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	42,840	50,120	36,200	42,840	50,120	36,200
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	8,680	4,210	4,470	89.3	90.7	88.0
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	42,200	52,050	32,960	42,200	52,050	32,960
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	5,810	2,920	2,890	59.8	62.9	56.9
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	45,720	56,350	35,000	45,720	56,350	35,000
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	8,200	3,750	4,450	84.4	80.8	87.6
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	12,350	12,420	12,300	12,350	12,420	12,300
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	760	395	360	7.8	8.5	7.1
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,180	5,960	6,400	6,180	5,960	6,400
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	1,925	880	1,045	19.8	19.0	20.6
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,340	8,440	8,260	8,340	8,440	8,260
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	9,715	4,635	5,080	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	2,500	1,370	1,135	25.7	29.6	22.3
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	62,400	72,500	53,600	62,400	72,500	53,600
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	69,100	80,200	55,800	69,100	80,200	55,800
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	2,510	1,190	1,320	25.8	25.7	26.0
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	21,400	30,600	16,000	21,400	30,600	16,000
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	32,160	40,900	24,340	32,160	40,900	24,340
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	78.4	82.4	73.0	78.4	82.4	73.0
Employment income (%)¹⁹	56.8	61.9	50.1	56.8	61.9	50.1
Government transfers (%)²⁰	21.6	17.5	27.1	21.6	17.5	27.1
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.0	0.9	1.2	1.0	0.9	1.2
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	4.6	3.6	5.9	4.6	3.6	5.9
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	3.4	2.8	4.3	3.4	2.8	4.3
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	9,585	4,575	5,010	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without total income	205	90	120	2.1	2.0	2.4
With total income	9,380	4,490	4,890	97.9	98.1	97.6
Under $10,000 (including loss)	705	250	450	7.5	5.6	9.2
$10,000 to $19,999	1,110	380	730	11.8	8.5	14.9
$20,000 to $29,999	1,505	585	915	16.0	13.0	18.7
$30,000 to $39,999	1,290	540	750	13.8	12.0	15.3
$40,000 to $49,999	1,135	505	630	12.1	11.2	12.9
$50,000 to $59,999	880	440	440	9.4	9.8	9.0
$60,000 to $69,999	675	365	305	7.2	8.1	6.2
$70,000 to $79,999	515	310	200	5.5	6.9	4.1
$80,000 to $89,999	425	265	155	4.5	5.9	3.2
$90,000 to $99,999	310	205	110	3.3	4.6	2.2
$100,000 and over	830	635	195	8.8	14.1	4.0
$100,000 to $149,999	630	480	150	6.7	10.7	3.1
$150,000 and over	200	155	45	2.1	3.5	0.9
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	9,585	4,575	5,010	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without after-tax income	205	90	115	2.1	2.0	2.3
With after-tax income	9,380	4,490	4,890	97.9	98.1	97.6
Under $10,000 (including loss)	760	265	495	8.1	5.9	10.1
$10,000 to $19,999	1,150	400	745	12.3	8.9	15.2
$20,000 to $29,999	1,690	660	1,035	18.0	14.7	21.2
$30,000 to $39,999	1,500	630	870	16.0	14.0	17.8
$40,000 to $49,999	1,215	580	640	13.0	12.9	13.1
$50,000 to $59,999	960	530	430	10.2	11.8	8.8
$60,000 to $69,999	640	385	260	6.8	8.6	5.3
$70,000 to $79,999	495	320	175	5.3	7.1	3.6
$80,000 to $89,999	350	230	120	3.7	5.1	2.5
$90,000 to $99,999	230	180	50	2.5	4.0	1.0
$100,000 and over	385	310	80	4.1	6.9	1.6
$100,000 to $124,999	235	190	50	2.5	4.2	1.0
$125,000 and over	145	115	35	1.5	2.6	0.7
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	9,585	4,575	5,010	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without employment income	3,815	1,690	2,125	39.8	36.9	42.4
With employment income	5,770	2,885	2,885	60.2	63.1	57.6
Under $5,000 (including loss)	935	420	520	16.2	14.6	18.0
$5,000 to $9,999	415	165	255	7.2	5.7	8.8
$10,000 to $19,999	600	225	375	10.4	7.8	13.0
$20,000 to $29,999	605	255	350	10.5	8.8	12.1
$30,000 to $39,999	490	210	285	8.5	7.3	9.9
$40,000 to $49,999	490	195	295	8.5	6.8	10.2
$50,000 to $59,999	460	230	230	8.0	8.0	8.0
$60,000 to $69,999	375	215	160	6.5	7.5	5.5
$70,000 to $79,999	295	190	105	5.1	6.6	3.6
$80,000 to $89,999	265	155	115	4.6	5.4	4.0
$90,000 to $99,999	230	155	75	4.0	5.4	2.6
$100,000 and over	600	480	125	10.4	16.6	4.3
$100,000 to $124,999	340	255	80	5.9	8.8	2.8
$125,000 and over	265	225	40	4.6	7.8	1.4
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	9,585	4,580	5,005	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	9,210	4,405	4,810	96.1	96.2	96.1
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	39,600	48,400	32,400	39,600	48,400	32,400
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	9,240	4,405	4,835	96.4	96.2	96.6
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	35,600	42,800	29,400	35,600	42,800	29,400
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	8,530	4,150	4,380	89.0	90.6	87.5
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	33,200	43,200	26,600	33,200	43,200	26,600
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	6,325	3,190	3,145	66.0	69.7	62.8
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	34,400	44,400	27,800	34,400	44,400	27,800
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	6,705	2,890	3,815	70.0	63.1	76.2
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	11,500	13,700	9,800	11,500	13,700	9,800
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	615	300	315	6.4	6.6	6.3
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	4,960	4,960	5,000	4,960	4,960	5,000
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	9,720	4,640	5,080	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	9,305	4,480	4,825	95.7	96.6	95.0
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	48,640	58,600	39,360	48,640	58,600	39,360
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	9,335	4,480	4,850	96.0	96.6	95.5
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	41,120	48,960	33,880	41,120	48,960	33,880
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	8,585	4,235	4,345	88.3	91.3	85.5
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	44,120	53,950	34,520	44,120	53,950	34,520
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	6,335	3,245	3,090	65.2	69.9	60.8
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	43,600	53,600	33,120	43,600	53,600	33,120
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	6,785	2,965	3,820	69.8	63.9	75.2
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	10,890	11,430	10,460	10,890	11,430	10,460
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	550	320	225	5.7	6.9	4.4
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,680	5,300	8,600	6,680	5,300	8,600
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	9,715	4,635	5,080	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	2,480	1,360	1,120	25.5	29.3	22.0
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	59,200	72,500	49,600	59,200	72,500	49,600
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	66,600	77,800	53,000	66,600	77,800	53,000
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	2,385	1,160	1,225	24.5	25.0	24.1
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	27,800	36,800	23,800	27,800	36,800	23,800
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	38,240	48,600	28,450	38,240	48,600	28,450
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	83.6	87.0	79.0	83.6	87.0	79.0
Employment income (%)	61.1	66.4	53.8	61.1	66.4	53.8
Government transfers (%)	16.3	12.9	21.0	16.3	12.9	21.0
Employment insurance benefits (%)	0.8	0.7	1.0	0.8	0.7	1.0
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	4,920	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	82,000	...	...	82,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	73,500	...	...	73,500	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	1,340	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	41,200	...	...	41,200	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	37,600	...	...	37,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	3,580	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	100,000	...	...	100,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	88,000	...	...	88,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	4,980	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	93,900	...	...	93,900	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	81,800	...	...	81,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	1,350	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	51,950	...	...	51,950	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	44,960	...	...	44,960	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	3,630	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	109,500	...	...	109,500	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	95,500	...	...	95,500	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	4,920	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	35	...	...	0.7	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	20	...	...	0.4	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	25	...	...	0.5	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	75	...	...	1.5	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	205	...	...	4.2	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	150	...	...	3.0	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	160	...	...	3.3	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	170	...	...	3.5	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	205	...	...	4.2	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	215	...	...	4.4	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	390	...	...	7.9	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	395	...	...	8.0	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	345	...	...	7.0	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	360	...	...	7.3	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	280	...	...	5.7	...	...
$100,000 and over	1,880	...	...	38.2	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	625	...	...	12.7	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	470	...	...	9.6	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	490	...	...	10.0	...	...
$200,000 and over	295	...	...	6.0	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	4,920	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	40	...	...	0.8	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	25	...	...	0.5	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	30	...	...	0.6	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	75	...	...	1.5	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	215	...	...	4.4	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	175	...	...	3.6	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	175	...	...	3.6	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	225	...	...	4.6	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	215	...	...	4.4	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	240	...	...	4.9	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	475	...	...	9.7	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	420	...	...	8.5	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	445	...	...	9.0	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	355	...	...	7.2	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	350	...	...	7.1	...	...
$100,000 and over	1,460	...	...	29.7	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	645	...	...	13.1	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	355	...	...	7.2	...	...
$150,000 and over	455	...	...	9.2	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	3,470	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	99,000	...	...	99,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	88,000	...	...	88,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	1,885	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	87,000	...	...	87,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	77,500	...	...	77,500	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	1,090	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	131,000	...	...	131,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	113,000	...	...	113,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	3.9	...	...	3.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	395	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	74,000	...	...	74,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	67,500	...	...	67,500	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	1,730	730	995	...	...	...
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	39,200	43,600	36,800	39,200	43,600	36,800
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	36,800	39,600	34,000	36,800	39,600	34,000
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	3,525	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	107,800	...	...	107,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	94,200	...	...	94,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,940	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	94,800	...	...	94,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	82,900	...	...	82,900	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,120	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	138,000	...	...	138,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	119,400	...	...	119,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	385	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	81,200	...	...	81,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	72,800	...	...	72,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	1,735	725	1,010	...	...	...
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	50,440	56,700	45,900	50,440	56,700	45,900
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	43,560	47,700	40,600	43,560	47,700	40,600
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	11,020	5,320	5,700	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	1,735	875	855	15.7	16.4	15.0
0 to 5 years	495	245	245	4.5	4.6	4.3
18 to 64 years	5,870	2,765	3,110	53.3	52.0	54.6
65 years and over	3,420	1,680	1,740	31.0	31.6	30.5
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	925	415	510	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	150	80	70	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	55	30	25	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	395	180	220	...	...	...
65 years and over	380	155	225	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	8.4	7.7	9.0	8.4	7.7	9.0
0 to 17 years (%)	8.6	8.8	8.0	8.6	8.8	8.0
0 to 5 years (%)	10.4	11.0	10.0	10.4	11.0	10.0
18 to 64 years (%)	6.8	6.4	7.1	6.8	6.4	7.1
65 years and over (%)	11.1	9.2	12.9	11.1	9.2	12.9
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	11,025	5,320	5,705	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	1,730	880	855	15.7	16.5	15.0
0 to 5 years	495	250	245	4.5	4.7	4.3
18 to 64 years	5,870	2,765	3,105	53.2	52.0	54.4
65 years and over	3,415	1,675	1,740	31.0	31.5	30.5
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	255	130	130	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	45	20	20	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	10	0	5	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	160	80	80	...	...	...
65 years and over	55	25	25	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	2.3	2.4	2.3	2.3	2.4	2.3
0 to 17 years (%)	2.6	2.8	2.4	2.6	2.8	2.4
0 to 5 years (%)	2.0	1.6	2.5	2.0	1.6	2.5
18 to 64 years (%)	2.7	2.9	2.6	2.7	2.9	2.6
65 years and over (%)	1.5	1.4	1.7	1.5	1.4	1.7
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	11,025	5,320	5,705	100.0	100.0	100.0
In bottom half of the distribution	5,305	2,445	2,860	48.1	46.0	50.1
In bottom decile	825	375	455	7.5	7.0	8.0
In second decile	1,050	470	585	9.5	8.8	10.3
In third decile	1,015	460	555	9.2	8.6	9.7
In fourth decile	1,195	560	640	10.8	10.5	11.2
In fifth decile	1,215	585	635	11.0	11.0	11.1
In top half of the distribution	5,715	2,875	2,840	51.8	54.0	49.8
In sixth decile	1,335	655	675	12.1	12.3	11.8
In seventh decile	1,235	615	625	11.2	11.6	11.0
In eighth decile	1,180	585	595	10.7	11.0	10.4
In ninth decile	1,195	620	575	10.8	11.7	10.1
In top decile	765	395	370	6.9	7.4	6.5
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	11,025	...	...	11,025	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.283	...	...	0.283	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.401	...	...	0.401	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.253	...	...	0.253	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.3	...	...	3.3	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	11,095	5,340	5,750	100.0	100.0	100.0
English only	10,390	5,050	5,340	93.6	94.6	92.9
French only	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and French	680	285	395	6.1	5.3	6.9
Neither English nor French	20	10	15	0.2	0.2	0.3
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	11,095	5,340	5,750	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	10,960	5,275	5,685	98.8	98.8	98.9
French	115	55	55	1.0	1.0	1.0
English and French	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Neither English nor French	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	11,095	5,340	5,750	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	10,950	5,280	5,670	98.7	98.9	98.6
Official languages	10,355	5,000	5,355	93.3	93.6	93.1
English	10,235	4,940	5,295	92.2	92.5	92.1
French	120	60	60	1.1	1.1	1.0
Non-official languages	595	280	310	5.4	5.2	5.4
Indigenous languages³⁹	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	590	280	310	5.3	5.2	5.4
Afro-Asiatic languages	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	15	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.2
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	15	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.2
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	35	10	25	0.3	0.2	0.4
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	30	15	20	0.3	0.3	0.3
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	15	10	5	0.1	0.2	0.1
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	15	10	5	0.1	0.2	0.1
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	380	190	195	3.4	3.6	3.4
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	55	30	30	0.5	0.6	0.5
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	55	30	30	0.5	0.6	0.5
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	20	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.3
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	20	15	5	0.2	0.3	0.1
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	185	90	95	1.7	1.7	1.7
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	100	45	50	0.9	0.8	0.9
German	100	45	50	0.9	0.8	0.9
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	70	35	30	0.6	0.7	0.5
Afrikaans	10	10	5	0.1	0.2	0.1
Dutch	50	25	25	0.5	0.5	0.4
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	15	10	10	0.1	0.2	0.2
Danish	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	20	10	5	0.2	0.2	0.1
Indo-Iranian languages	45	30	20	0.4	0.6	0.3
Indo-Aryan languages	45	25	20	0.4	0.5	0.3
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Hindi	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	30	15	15	0.3	0.3	0.3
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	70	30	40	0.6	0.6	0.7
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	25	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Spanish	35	10	25	0.3	0.2	0.4
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	25	5	20	0.2	0.1	0.3
Korean	15	10	10	0.1	0.2	0.2
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	45	20	25	0.4	0.4	0.4
Chinese languages	45	20	25	0.4	0.4	0.4
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	25	10	15	0.2	0.2	0.3
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	10	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.2
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	35	20	15	0.3	0.4	0.3
Estonian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Hungarian	15	10	10	0.1	0.2	0.2
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	140	60	85	1.3	1.1	1.5
English and French	35	15	20	0.3	0.3	0.3
English and non-official language(s)	95	40	55	0.9	0.7	1.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	11,095	5,340	5,750	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	10,535	5,105	5,435	95.0	95.6	94.5
French	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Non-official language	65	25	40	0.6	0.5	0.7
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	65	25	40	0.6	0.5	0.7
English and French	80	25	50	0.7	0.5	0.9
English and non-official language(s)	390	175	220	3.5	3.3	3.8
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	15	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.2
Multiple non-official languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	11,095	5,340	5,750	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	11,025	5,310	5,715	99.4	99.4	99.4
Official languages	10,880	5,245	5,635	98.1	98.2	98.0
English	10,870	5,240	5,630	98.0	98.1	97.9
French	15	10	10	0.1	0.2	0.2
Non-official languages	140	65	80	1.3	1.2	1.4
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	140	65	80	1.3	1.2	1.4
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	10	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	10	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	60	30	30	0.5	0.6	0.5
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	15	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Afrikaans	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Dutch	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Indo-Iranian languages	30	15	15	0.3	0.3	0.3
Indo-Aryan languages	30	15	15	0.3	0.3	0.3
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	25	15	10	0.2	0.3	0.2
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Korean	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
American Sign Language	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	25	10	15	0.2	0.2	0.3
Chinese languages	25	10	15	0.2	0.2	0.3
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	15	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.2
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	75	30	40	0.7	0.6	0.7
English and French	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	65	30	35	0.6	0.6	0.6
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	11,095	5,340	5,755	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	10,670	5,160	5,510	96.2	96.6	95.7
English	80	35	40	0.7	0.7	0.7
French	70	25	40	0.6	0.5	0.7
Non-official language	235	100	140	2.1	1.9	2.4
Indigenous³⁹	15	10	5	0.1	0.2	0.1
Non-Indigenous	225	90	135	2.0	1.7	2.3
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
French and non-official language(s)	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	25	15	15	0.2	0.3	0.3
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	11,160	5,385	5,770	100.0	100.0	100.0
Official languages	11,135	5,380	5,755	99.8	99.9	99.7
English	11,125	5,375	5,755	99.7	99.8	99.7
French	715	305	410	6.4	5.7	7.1
Non-official languages	1,020	480	545	9.1	8.9	9.4
Indigenous languages³⁹	25	15	10	0.2	0.3	0.2
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	25	15	10	0.2	0.3	0.2
Halkomelem	25	15	10	0.2	0.3	0.2
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	1,000	470	535	9.0	8.7	9.3
Afro-Asiatic languages	25	15	10	0.2	0.3	0.2
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	25	15	10	0.2	0.3	0.2
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	50	20	30	0.4	0.4	0.5
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	50	20	30	0.4	0.4	0.5
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.3
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.3
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	685	325	360	6.1	6.0	6.2
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	85	35	50	0.8	0.6	0.9
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	85	35	50	0.8	0.6	0.9
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Russian	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	20	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.3
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	300	170	125	2.7	3.2	2.2
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	210	125	85	1.9	2.3	1.5
German	210	125	85	1.9	2.3	1.5
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	80	50	30	0.7	0.9	0.5
Afrikaans	30	20	0	0.3	0.4	0.0
Dutch	55	35	25	0.5	0.6	0.4
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	30	10	15	0.3	0.2	0.3
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	15	10	10	0.1	0.2	0.2
Swedish	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	25	0	20	0.2	0.0	0.3
Indo-Iranian languages	25	10	15	0.2	0.2	0.3
Indo-Aryan languages	25	10	15	0.2	0.2	0.3
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	15	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	300	140	160	2.7	2.6	2.8
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	25	15	15	0.2	0.3	0.3
Portuguese	20	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.3
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	240	115	125	2.2	2.1	2.2
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	40	10	25	0.4	0.2	0.4
Korean	40	20	20	0.4	0.4	0.3
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	25	0	20	0.2	0.0	0.3
American Sign Language	25	0	20	0.2	0.0	0.3
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	90	40	50	0.8	0.7	0.9
Chinese languages	90	40	50	0.8	0.7	0.9
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	50	25	30	0.4	0.5	0.5
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	30	10	20	0.3	0.2	0.3
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	30	15	15	0.3	0.3	0.3
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Hungarian	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	11,165	5,385	5,770	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	750	380	370	6.7	7.1	6.4
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	720	365	355	6.4	6.8	6.2
First Nations (North American Indian)	300	155	140	2.7	2.9	2.4
Métis	420	205	210	3.8	3.8	3.6
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	20	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.3
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous identity	10,410	5,010	5,400	93.2	93.0	93.6
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	11,165	5,385	5,770	100.0	100.0	100.0
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	210	110	100	1.9	2.0	1.7
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	10,950	5,280	5,670	98.1	98.1	98.3
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	4,980	...	...	100.0	...	...
Owner	4,050	...	...	81.3	...	...
Renter	925	...	...	18.6	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	4,980	...	...	100.0	...	...
Condominium	555	...	...	11.1	...	...
Not condominium	4,420	...	...	88.8	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	4,980	...	...	100.0	...	...
No bedrooms	20	...	...	0.4	...	...
1 bedroom	365	...	...	7.3	...	...
2 bedrooms	1,255	...	...	25.2	...	...
3 bedrooms	1,975	...	...	39.7	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	1,365	...	...	27.4	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	4,980	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	915	...	...	18.4	...	...
5 rooms	795	...	...	16.0	...	...
6 rooms	830	...	...	16.7	...	...
7 rooms	655	...	...	13.2	...	...
8 or more rooms	1,785	...	...	35.8	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.8	...	...	6.8	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	4,980	...	...	100.0	...	...
One person or fewer per room	4,940	...	...	99.2	...	...
More than one person per room	35	...	...	0.7	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	4,980	...	...	100.0	...	...
Suitable	4,845	...	...	97.3	...	...
Not suitable	135	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	4,980	...	...	100.0	...	...
1960 or before	1,055	...	...	21.2	...	...
1961 to 1980	1,280	...	...	25.7	...	...
1981 to 1990	480	...	...	9.6	...	...
1991 to 2000	855	...	...	17.2	...	...
2001 to 2005	280	...	...	5.6	...	...
2006 to 2010	435	...	...	8.7	...	...
2011 to 2015	295	...	...	5.9	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	300	...	...	6.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	4,980	...	...	100.0	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	4,710	...	...	94.6	...	...
Major repairs needed	270	...	...	5.4	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	4,980	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-maintainer household	2,365	...	...	47.5	...	...
Two-maintainer household	2,380	...	...	47.8	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	235	...	...	4.7	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	4,980	...	...	100.0	...	...
15 to 24 years	40	...	...	0.8	...	...
25 to 34 years	355	...	...	7.1	...	...
35 to 44 years	640	...	...	12.9	...	...
45 to 54 years	715	...	...	14.4	...	...
55 to 64 years	1,060	...	...	21.3	...	...
65 to 74 years	1,280	...	...	25.7	...	...
75 to 84 years	655	...	...	13.2	...	...
85 years and over	230	...	...	4.6	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	4,960	...	...	100.0	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	4,125	...	...	83.2	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	835	...	...	16.8	...	...
30% to less than 100%	780	...	...	15.7	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	4,980	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	1,140	...	...	22.9	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	765	...	...	15.4	...	...
Not suitable only	90	...	...	1.8	...	...
Major repairs needed only	185	...	...	3.7	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	15	...	...	0.3	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	50	...	...	1.0	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	25	...	...	0.5	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Acceptable housing	3,840	...	...	77.1	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	4,905	...	...	100.0	...	...
In core need	350	...	...	7.1	...	...
Not in core need	4,555	...	...	92.9	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	4,055	...	...	...	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	53.6	...	...	53.6	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	12.2	...	...	12.2	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	4.1	...	...	4.1	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,000	...	...	1,000	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,232	...	...	1,232	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	600,000	...	...	600,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	630,500	...	...	630,500	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	925	...	...	...	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	7.6	...	...	7.6	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	37.4	...	...	37.4	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	20.0	...	...	20.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,140	...	...	1,140	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,206	...	...	1,206	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	...	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	11,160	5,390	5,775	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	210	120	95	1.9	2.2	1.6
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	210	115	95	1.9	2.1	1.6
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	125	70	55	1.1	1.3	1.0
Métis single ancestry	85	45	40	0.8	0.8	0.7
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	615	275	340	5.5	5.1	5.9
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	575	260	320	5.2	4.8	5.5
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	360	145	220	3.2	2.7	3.8
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	215	110	105	1.9	2.0	1.8
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	40	20	15	0.4	0.4	0.3
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	35	15	15	0.3	0.3	0.3
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	10,335	4,995	5,335	92.6	92.7	92.4
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	11,160	5,390	5,775	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	10,870	5,255	5,615	97.4	97.5	97.2
Canadian citizens aged under 18	1,755	885	865	15.7	16.4	15.0
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	9,115	4,360	4,755	81.7	80.9	82.3
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	295	135	160	2.6	2.5	2.8
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	11,160	5,390	5,775	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	9,705	4,725	4,975	87.0	87.7	86.1
Immigrants⁸¹	1,385	625	755	12.4	11.6	13.1
Before 1980	815	360	455	7.3	6.7	7.9
1980 to 1990	140	60	80	1.3	1.1	1.4
1991 to 2000	140	75	60	1.3	1.4	1.0
2001 to 2010	210	110	105	1.9	2.0	1.8
2011 to 2021⁸²	75	25	55	0.7	0.5	1.0
2011 to 2015	30	0	20	0.3	0.0	0.3
2016 to 2021	45	15	35	0.4	0.3	0.6
Non-permanent residents⁸³	75	35	45	0.7	0.6	0.8
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	1,380	625	755	100.0	100.0	100.0
Under 5 years	200	75	125	14.5	12.0	16.6
5 to 14 years	305	145	160	22.1	23.2	21.2
15 to 24 years	355	170	180	25.7	27.2	23.8
25 to 44 years	460	200	255	33.3	32.0	33.8
45 years and over	70	35	30	5.1	5.6	4.0
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	1,380	625	755	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	230	95	140	16.7	15.2	18.5
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
El Salvador	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyana	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	20	10	10	1.4	1.6	1.3
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	145	60	85	10.5	9.6	11.3
Other places of birth in Americas	45	15	30	3.3	2.4	4.0
Europe	880	410	465	63.8	65.6	61.6
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatia	15	15	0	1.1	2.4	0.0
France	10	0	10	0.7	0.0	1.3
Germany	80	30	50	5.8	4.8	6.6
Greece	10	0	10	0.7	0.0	1.3
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Netherlands	50	30	20	3.6	4.8	2.6
Poland	30	20	10	2.2	3.2	1.3
Portugal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	535	225	310	38.8	36.0	41.1
Other places of birth in Europe	105	65	35	7.6	10.4	4.6
Africa	40	25	15	2.9	4.0	2.0
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	25	20	0	1.8	3.2	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	15	0	10	1.1	0.0	1.3
Asia	175	70	105	12.7	11.2	13.9
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	20	0	15	1.4	0.0	2.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	20	0	15	1.4	0.0	2.0
Korea, South⁹²	15	0	0	1.1	0.0	0.0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	15	0	10	1.1	0.0	1.3
Viet Nam	20	10	10	1.4	1.6	1.3
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	30	10	25	2.2	1.6	3.3
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	30	10	15	2.2	1.6	2.0
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	55	25	30	4.0	4.0	4.0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	50	15	30	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	25	10	20	50.0	66.7	66.7
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	20	10	10	40.0	66.7	33.3
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Europe	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asia	15	0	15	30.0	0.0	50.0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	10	0	10	20.0	0.0	33.3
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	11,165	5,385	5,770	100.0	100.0	100.0
First generation¹⁰⁰	1,550	715	830	13.9	13.3	14.4
Second generation¹⁰¹	2,100	1,045	1,060	18.8	19.4	18.4
Third generation or more¹⁰²	7,515	3,630	3,885	67.3	67.4	67.3
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	565	265	300	100.0	100.0	100.0
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	295	150	150	52.2	56.6	50.0
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	110	60	50	19.5	22.6	16.7
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	185	90	95	32.7	34.0	31.7
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	235	100	130	41.6	37.7	43.3
Refugees¹⁰⁸	35	10	20	6.2	3.8	6.7
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	565	265	300	100.0	100.0	100.0
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	120	60	55	21.2	22.6	18.3
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	15	10	10	2.7	3.8	3.3
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	25	0	25	4.4	0.0	8.3
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	10	0	10	1.8	0.0	3.3
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	390	180	205	69.0	67.9	68.3
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	11,165	5,385	5,770	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	540	225	315	4.8	4.2	5.5
South Asian	75	20	55	0.7	0.4	1.0
Chinese	130	60	65	1.2	1.1	1.1
Black	65	25	40	0.6	0.5	0.7
Filipino	50	20	35	0.4	0.4	0.6
Arab	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latin American	25	15	10	0.2	0.3	0.2
Southeast Asian	55	20	25	0.5	0.4	0.4
West Asian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	35	20	20	0.3	0.4	0.3
Japanese	45	25	25	0.4	0.5	0.4
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Multiple visible minorities	40	15	30	0.4	0.3	0.5
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	10,620	5,165	5,455	95.1	95.9	94.5
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	11,160	5,390	5,775	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian	1,565	770	790	14.0	14.3	13.7
English	3,750	1,745	2,000	33.6	32.4	34.6
Irish	2,050	995	1,050	18.4	18.5	18.2
Scottish	3,070	1,410	1,655	27.5	26.2	28.7
French, n.o.s.¹²²	805	405	400	7.2	7.5	6.9
German	1,735	830	910	15.5	15.4	15.8
Chinese	165	50	110	1.5	0.9	1.9
Italian	475	250	230	4.3	4.6	4.0
Indian (India)	45	10	35	0.4	0.2	0.6
Ukrainian	575	270	305	5.2	5.0	5.3
Dutch	580	275	300	5.2	5.1	5.2
Polish	410	145	265	3.7	2.7	4.6
Québécois	30	10	15	0.3	0.2	0.3
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	745	370	375	6.7	6.9	6.5
Filipino	45	15	25	0.4	0.3	0.4
French Canadian	105	40	65	0.9	0.7	1.1
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	215	140	75	1.9	2.6	1.3
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	285	125	155	2.6	2.3	2.7
Métis	335	170	165	3.0	3.2	2.9
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	320	165	155	2.9	3.1	2.7
Russian	270	115	155	2.4	2.1	2.7
Norwegian	515	240	275	4.6	4.5	4.8
Welsh	315	130	180	2.8	2.4	3.1
Portuguese	25	15	15	0.2	0.3	0.3
American	295	145	150	2.6	2.7	2.6
Spanish	85	40	45	0.8	0.7	0.8
Swedish	315	135	180	2.8	2.5	3.1
Hungarian	180	100	80	1.6	1.9	1.4
Acadian	40	15	25	0.4	0.3	0.4
Pakistani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.3
Jewish	45	35	10	0.4	0.6	0.2
Punjabi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	60	30	35	0.5	0.6	0.6
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	55	15	40	0.5	0.3	0.7
Jamaican	25	10	15	0.2	0.2	0.3
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.3
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	65	25	40	0.6	0.5	0.7
Korean	40	20	20	0.4	0.4	0.3
Romanian	85	40	45	0.8	0.7	0.8
Lebanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	240	120	120	2.2	2.2	2.1
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	55	25	35	0.5	0.5	0.6
Sikh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austrian	115	45	75	1.0	0.8	1.3
Belgian	70	40	30	0.6	0.7	0.5
Haitian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindu	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Mexican	25	10	15	0.2	0.2	0.3
Mennonite	85	25	55	0.8	0.5	1.0
Swiss	40	15	20	0.4	0.3	0.3
Finnish	225	80	145	2.0	1.5	2.5
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	80	55	20	0.7	1.0	0.3
Japanese	50	20	30	0.4	0.4	0.5
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	150	90	60	1.3	1.7	1.0
Muslim	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egyptian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	70	20	50	0.6	0.4	0.9
Colombian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moroccan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	35	20	25	0.3	0.4	0.4
Syrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afghan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Ojibway	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Newfoundlander	30	15	15	0.3	0.3	0.3
Hong Konger	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	25	10	15	0.2	0.2	0.3
Turkish	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	15	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Slovak	50	40	10	0.4	0.7	0.2
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	20	15	15	0.2	0.3	0.3
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwanese	30	20	10	0.3	0.4	0.2
Iraqi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
South African	35	15	20	0.3	0.3	0.3
Australian	60	25	40	0.5	0.5	0.7
Palestinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chilean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congolese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peruvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	35	20	20	0.3	0.4	0.3
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	15	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Canadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israeli	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	20	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.3
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albertan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African American	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Tunisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Laotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
British Columbian	60	35	25	0.5	0.6	0.4
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Argentinian	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Estonian	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jatt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dominican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Abenaki	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Zealander	25	15	10	0.2	0.3	0.2
Sudanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Breton	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malaysian	25	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.3
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gaspesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norman	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Burundian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mauritian	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Manitoban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Honduran	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cherokee	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Flemish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Empire Loyalist	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Senegalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Goan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamileke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Libyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Basque	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igorot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guinean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maliseet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Beninese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Roma	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tajik	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amhara	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	11,165	5,390	5,770	100.0	100.0	100.0
Buddhist	30	15	10	0.3	0.3	0.2
Christian	4,120	1,795	2,325	36.9	33.3	40.3
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	840	380	460	7.5	7.1	8.0
Anabaptist	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Anglican	545	190	355	4.9	3.5	6.2
Baptist	185	75	110	1.7	1.4	1.9
Catholic	1,180	560	620	10.6	10.4	10.7
Christian Orthodox	45	20	20	0.4	0.4	0.3
Jehovah's Witness	50	30	20	0.4	0.6	0.3
Latter Day Saints	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Lutheran	140	75	65	1.3	1.4	1.1
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	110	50	65	1.0	0.9	1.1
Presbyterian	60	20	35	0.5	0.4	0.6
Reformed	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Church	630	250	385	5.6	4.6	6.7
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	300	130	170	2.7	2.4	2.9
Hindu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jewish	30	25	0	0.3	0.5	0.0
Muslim	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sikh	40	10	25	0.4	0.2	0.4
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	40	20	20	0.4	0.4	0.3
Other religions and spiritual traditions	125	25	100	1.1	0.5	1.7
No religion and secular perspectives	6,770	3,485	3,285	60.6	64.7	56.9
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	11,075	5,350	5,730	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	9,770	4,745	5,025	88.2	88.7	87.7
Movers	1,305	600	710	11.8	11.2	12.4
Non-migrants	400	195	205	3.6	3.6	3.6
Migrants	905	410	500	8.2	7.7	8.7
Internal migrants	885	400	485	8.0	7.5	8.5
Intraprovincial migrants	640	295	345	5.8	5.5	6.0
Interprovincial migrants	250	105	140	2.3	2.0	2.4
External migrants	25	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.3
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	10,790	5,180	5,610	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	6,355	3,085	3,265	58.9	59.6	58.2
Movers	4,430	2,095	2,340	41.1	40.4	41.7
Non-migrants	860	380	480	8.0	7.3	8.6
Migrants	3,570	1,715	1,860	33.1	33.1	33.2
Internal migrants	3,445	1,650	1,785	31.9	31.9	31.8
Intraprovincial migrants	2,710	1,305	1,405	25.1	25.2	25.0
Interprovincial migrants	735	350	385	6.8	6.8	6.9
External migrants	135	60	70	1.3	1.2	1.2
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	9,715	4,635	5,080	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	1,560	915	650	16.1	19.7	12.8
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	8,155	3,720	4,435	83.9	80.3	87.3
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	5,425	2,565	2,860	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	510	345	165	9.4	13.5	5.8
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	4,905	2,220	2,690	90.4	86.5	94.1
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	9,720	4,635	5,080	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	1,215	670	550	12.5	14.5	10.8
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	2,990	1,355	1,635	30.8	29.2	32.2
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	5,505	2,610	2,895	56.6	56.3	57.0
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	3,610	1,790	1,830	37.1	38.6	36.0
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	1,100	855	250	11.3	18.4	4.9
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	385	235	150	4.0	5.1	3.0
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	720	620	100	7.4	13.4	2.0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	2,065	790	1,280	21.2	17.0	25.2
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	450	145	300	4.6	3.1	5.9
Bachelor's degree or higher	1,895	825	1,070	19.5	17.8	21.1
Bachelor's degree	1,200	485	715	12.3	10.5	14.1
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	195	65	130	2.0	1.4	2.6
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	25	15	10	0.3	0.3	0.2
Master's degree	400	215	185	4.1	4.6	3.6
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	70	45	25	0.7	1.0	0.5
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	5,420	2,565	2,855	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	345	235	115	6.4	9.2	4.0
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	1,620	760	860	29.9	29.6	30.1
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	3,455	1,575	1,880	63.7	61.4	65.8
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	2,255	1,075	1,175	41.6	41.9	41.2
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	670	535	135	12.4	20.9	4.7
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	260	165	95	4.8	6.4	3.3
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	410	375	40	7.6	14.6	1.4
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	1,330	480	850	24.5	18.7	29.8
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	260	65	190	4.8	2.5	6.7
Bachelor's degree or higher	1,195	500	700	22.0	19.5	24.5
Bachelor's degree	790	325	465	14.6	12.7	16.3
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	125	45	80	2.3	1.8	2.8
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	10	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.4
Master's degree	240	115	130	4.4	4.5	4.6
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	30	10	20	0.6	0.4	0.7
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	9,715	4,635	5,080	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	4,210	2,025	2,185	43.3	43.7	43.0
Education	515	180	335	5.3	3.9	6.6
13. Education	515	180	335	5.3	3.9	6.6
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	260	105	155	2.7	2.3	3.1
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	25	15	10	0.3	0.3	0.2
50. Visual and performing arts	235	85	145	2.4	1.8	2.9
Humanities	200	95	100	2.1	2.0	2.0
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	25	10	10	0.3	0.2	0.2
23. English language and literature/letters	80	15	65	0.8	0.3	1.3
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	45	15	25	0.5	0.3	0.5
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
39. Theology and religious vocations	15	15	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
54. History	20	20	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	500	150	345	5.1	3.2	6.8
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	15	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.3
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	45	15	35	0.5	0.3	0.7
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	100	0	95	1.0	0.0	1.9
22. Legal professions and studies	45	0	40	0.5	0.0	0.8
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
42. Psychology	145	45	100	1.5	1.0	2.0
45. Social sciences	145	75	65	1.5	1.6	1.3
Business, management and public administration	950	260	690	9.8	5.6	13.6
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	100	20	75	1.0	0.4	1.5
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	855	235	615	8.8	5.1	12.1
Physical and life sciences and technologies	165	75	90	1.7	1.6	1.8
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	70	40	30	0.7	0.9	0.6
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	40	15	30	0.4	0.3	0.6
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
40. Physical sciences	25	25	0	0.3	0.5	0.0
41. Science technologies/technicians	25	0	20	0.3	0.0	0.4
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	115	45	75	1.2	1.0	1.5
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	110	40	70	1.1	0.9	1.4
25. Library science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
27. Mathematics and statistics	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	1,260	1,170	85	13.0	25.2	1.7
04. Architecture and related services	15	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.2
14. Engineering	145	120	25	1.5	2.6	0.5
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	265	230	30	2.7	5.0	0.6
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	300	300	0	3.1	6.5	0.0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	380	355	25	3.9	7.7	0.5
48. Precision production	165	165	0	1.7	3.6	0.0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	225	130	95	2.3	2.8	1.9
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	95	50	45	1.0	1.1	0.9
03. Natural resources and conservation	125	80	45	1.3	1.7	0.9
Health and related fields	935	155	780	9.6	3.3	15.4
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	85	45	40	0.9	1.0	0.8
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	840	110	730	8.6	2.4	14.4
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Personal, protective and transportation services	390	240	145	4.0	5.2	2.9
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	180	65	115	1.9	1.4	2.3
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	50	40	15	0.5	0.9	0.3
49. Transportation and materials moving	150	125	25	1.5	2.7	0.5
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	5,420	2,565	2,860	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	1,965	990	975	36.3	38.6	34.1
Education	265	75	185	4.9	2.9	6.5
13. Education	265	75	185	4.9	2.9	6.5
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	165	55	105	3.0	2.1	3.7
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	15	15	0	0.3	0.6	0.0
50. Visual and performing arts	150	40	105	2.8	1.6	3.7
Humanities	115	45	70	2.1	1.8	2.4
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
23. English language and literature/letters	45	0	40	0.8	0.0	1.4
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	45	20	25	0.8	0.8	0.9
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
39. Theology and religious vocations	10	10	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
54. History	10	10	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	335	115	220	6.2	4.5	7.7
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	40	15	30	0.7	0.6	1.0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	60	0	55	1.1	0.0	1.9
22. Legal professions and studies	25	0	25	0.5	0.0	0.9
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
42. Psychology	115	40	75	2.1	1.6	2.6
45. Social sciences	85	55	35	1.6	2.1	1.2
Business, management and public administration	630	160	465	11.6	6.2	16.3
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	60	15	45	1.1	0.6	1.6
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	565	145	420	10.4	5.7	14.7
Physical and life sciences and technologies	100	40	65	1.8	1.6	2.3
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	45	20	20	0.8	0.8	0.7
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	30	10	25	0.6	0.4	0.9
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
40. Physical sciences	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
41. Science technologies/technicians	10	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.3
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	95	40	55	1.8	1.6	1.9
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	95	40	55	1.8	1.6	1.9
25. Library science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	735	695	40	13.6	27.1	1.4
04. Architecture and related services	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
14. Engineering	85	65	20	1.6	2.5	0.7
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	125	115	10	2.3	4.5	0.3
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	200	200	0	3.7	7.8	0.0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	225	215	10	4.2	8.4	0.3
48. Precision production	100	100	0	1.8	3.9	0.0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	175	90	85	3.2	3.5	3.0
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	70	35	35	1.3	1.4	1.2
03. Natural resources and conservation	105	55	50	1.9	2.1	1.7
Health and related fields	580	105	470	10.7	4.1	16.4
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	65	25	35	1.2	1.0	1.2
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	505	75	430	9.3	2.9	15.0
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Personal, protective and transportation services	270	160	110	5.0	6.2	3.8
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	125	45	85	2.3	1.8	3.0
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	25	25	0	0.5	1.0	0.0
49. Transportation and materials moving	115	95	25	2.1	3.7	0.9
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	5,420	2,565	2,860	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,965	990	975	36.3	38.6	34.1
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	3,455	1,575	1,875	63.7	61.4	65.6
Location of study inside Canada	3,195	1,465	1,730	58.9	57.1	60.5
Same as province or territory of residence	2,485	1,150	1,335	45.8	44.8	46.7
Different than province or territory of residence	710	315	390	13.1	12.3	13.6
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	260	115	150	4.8	4.5	5.2
Americas	95	30	65	1.8	1.2	2.3
United States of America	70	30	45	1.3	1.2	1.6
Mexico	15	0	10	0.3	0.0	0.3
Cuba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Europe	80	40	40	1.5	1.6	1.4
Belgium	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Switzerland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	65	25	40	1.2	1.0	1.4
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Europe	10	10	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asia	70	30	40	1.3	1.2	1.4
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	25	10	15	0.5	0.4	0.5
Philippines	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania	10	10	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
Australia	10	10	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
New Zealand	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	9,720	4,635	5,080	...	...	...
In the labour force	5,120	2,630	2,495	...	...	...
Employed	4,720	2,395	2,325	...	...	...
Unemployed	400	235	170	...	...	...
Not in the labour force	4,590	2,010	2,585	...	...	...
Participation rate	52.7	56.7	49.1	52.7	56.7	49.1
Employment rate	48.6	51.7	45.8	48.6	51.7	45.8
Unemployment rate	7.8	8.9	6.8	7.8	8.9	6.8
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	9,715	4,635	5,080	100.0	100.0	100.0
Did not work¹⁸⁶	4,465	1,955	2,505	46.0	42.2	49.3
Worked	5,250	2,680	2,570	54.0	57.8	50.6
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	2,550	1,390	1,155	26.2	30.0	22.7
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	2,695	1,290	1,415	27.7	27.8	27.9
Average weeks worked in reference year	40.4	41.3	39.5	40.4	41.3	39.5
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	5,125	2,625	2,495	100.0	100.0	100.0
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	80	50	30	1.6	1.9	1.2
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	5,045	2,580	2,460	98.4	98.3	98.6
Employee	4,175	2,065	2,105	81.5	78.7	84.4
Permanent position	3,610	1,810	1,795	70.4	69.0	71.9
Temporary position	565	255	310	11.0	9.7	12.4
Fixed term (1 year or more)	125	50	75	2.4	1.9	3.0
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	440	210	230	8.6	8.0	9.2
Self-employed¹⁹²	865	515	360	16.9	19.6	14.4
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	5,125	2,625	2,495	100.0	100.0	100.0
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	80	50	30	1.6	1.9	1.2
All occupations¹⁹¹	5,045	2,580	2,460	98.4	98.3	98.6
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	25	20	10	0.5	0.8	0.4
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	740	155	580	14.4	5.9	23.2
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	295	225	70	5.8	8.6	2.8
3 Health occupations	350	55	290	6.8	2.1	11.6
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	680	205	475	13.3	7.8	19.0
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	125	45	75	2.4	1.7	3.0
6 Sales and service occupations	1,270	470	800	24.8	17.9	32.1
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	1,170	1,070	100	22.8	40.8	4.0
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	155	125	25	3.0	4.8	1.0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	240	205	40	4.7	7.8	1.6
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	5,125	2,625	2,495	100.0	100.0	100.0
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	80	50	30	1.6	1.9	1.2
All industries¹⁹¹	5,045	2,580	2,460	98.4	98.3	98.6
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	165	130	35	3.2	5.0	1.4
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	50	50	0	1.0	1.9	0.0
22 Utilities	35	35	0	0.7	1.3	0.0
23 Construction	515	430	90	10.0	16.4	3.6
31-33 Manufacturing	400	295	105	7.8	11.2	4.2
41 Wholesale trade	105	85	15	2.0	3.2	0.6
44-45 Retail trade	655	270	385	12.8	10.3	15.4
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	295	220	75	5.8	8.4	3.0
51 Information and cultural industries	125	80	50	2.4	3.0	2.0
52 Finance and insurance	145	40	105	2.8	1.5	4.2
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	55	40	15	1.1	1.5	0.6
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	345	155	180	6.7	5.9	7.2
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	205	130	75	4.0	5.0	3.0
61 Educational services	375	120	255	7.3	4.6	10.2
62 Health care and social assistance	655	105	555	12.8	4.0	22.2
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	70	30	40	1.4	1.1	1.6
72 Accommodation and food services	320	95	225	6.2	3.6	9.0
81 Other services (except public administration)	255	135	120	5.0	5.1	4.8
91 Public administration	275	135	135	5.4	5.1	5.4
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	5,605	2,835	2,770	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	5,485	2,800	2,685	97.9	98.8	96.9
French	10	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.4
Non-official language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and French	35	0	25	0.6	0.0	0.9
English and non-official language(s)	75	25	50	1.3	0.9	1.8
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	5,605	2,835	2,770	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	5,590	2,830	2,760	99.7	99.8	99.6
Official languages	5,575	2,825	2,750	99.5	99.6	99.3
English	5,555	2,825	2,730	99.1	99.6	98.6
French	20	0	20	0.4	0.0	0.7
Non-official languages	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	20	0	10	0.4	0.0	0.4
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	20	0	10	0.4	0.0	0.4
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	5,605	2,835	2,770	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	5,510	2,810	2,705	98.3	99.1	97.7
English	20	0	20	0.4	0.0	0.7
French	20	0	15	0.4	0.0	0.5
Non-official language	40	10	30	0.7	0.4	1.1
Indigenous³⁹	10	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.4
Non-Indigenous	35	10	20	0.6	0.4	0.7
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	4,720	2,395	2,325	100.0	100.0	100.0
Worked at home	755	320	435	16.0	13.4	18.7
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
No fixed workplace address	850	665	185	18.0	27.8	8.0
Usual place of work	3,110	1,405	1,710	65.9	58.7	73.5
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	3,110	1,405	1,705	100.0	100.0	100.0
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	985	345	645	31.7	24.6	37.8
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	1,000	470	530	32.2	33.5	31.1
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	1,095	570	525	35.2	40.6	30.8
Commute to a different province or territory	30	25	0	1.0	1.8	0.0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	3,960	2,070	1,890	100.0	100.0	100.0
Car, truck or van	3,585	1,940	1,645	90.5	93.7	87.0
Car, truck or van - as a driver	3,370	1,840	1,530	85.1	88.9	81.0
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	215	100	115	5.4	4.8	6.1
Public transit	10	10	0	0.3	0.5	0.0
Walked	245	70	170	6.2	3.4	9.0
Bicycle	20	15	0	0.5	0.7	0.0
Other method	100	40	60	2.5	1.9	3.2
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	3,960	2,070	1,890	100.0	100.0	100.0
Less than 15 minutes	1,455	585	865	36.7	28.3	45.8
15 to 29 minutes	1,305	675	630	33.0	32.6	33.3
30 to 44 minutes	830	530	310	21.0	25.6	16.4
45 to 59 minutes	110	75	40	2.8	3.6	2.1
60 minutes and over	255	215	45	6.4	10.4	2.4
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	3,960	2,070	1,890	100.0	100.0	100.0
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	215	155	65	5.4	7.5	3.4
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	730	490	240	18.4	23.7	12.7
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	1,075	640	435	27.1	30.9	23.0
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	850	320	530	21.5	15.5	28.0
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	570	165	410	14.4	8.0	21.7
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	510	300	215	12.9	14.5	11.4
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	1,765	895	870	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	90	55	35	5.1	6.1	4.0
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	1,670	840	830	94.6	93.9	95.4
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	1,335	675	660	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	70	35	35	5.2	5.2	5.3
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	25	10	15	1.9	1.5	2.3
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	40	25	15	3.0	3.7	2.3
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	1,265	635	625	94.8	94.1	94.7

Symbol legend

...
not applicable

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 30, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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