Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	Dawson CreekMore information: British Columbia [Population centre]
	Counts			Rates
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	11,706	...	...	...	...	...
Population, 2016¹	11,621^r	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	0.7	...	...	0.7	...	...
Total private dwellings²	5,817	...	...	...	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	5,094	...	...	...	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	948.4	...	...	948.4	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	12.34	...	...	...	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	11,705	5,775	5,935	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	2,230	1,140	1,085	19.1	19.7	18.3
0 to 4 years	740	385	355	6.3	6.7	6.0
5 to 9 years	795	385	410	6.8	6.7	6.9
10 to 14 years	690	360	330	5.9	6.2	5.6
15 to 64 years	7,885	3,960	3,920	67.4	68.6	66.0
15 to 19 years	675	370	305	5.8	6.4	5.1
20 to 24 years	850	460	390	7.3	8.0	6.6
25 to 29 years	980	490	490	8.4	8.5	8.3
30 to 34 years	1,015	530	485	8.7	9.2	8.2
35 to 39 years	895	445	445	7.6	7.7	7.5
40 to 44 years	745	360	390	6.4	6.2	6.6
45 to 49 years	685	340	340	5.9	5.9	5.7
50 to 54 years	655	290	370	5.6	5.0	6.2
55 to 59 years	725	370	360	6.2	6.4	6.1
60 to 64 years	660	310	345	5.6	5.4	5.8
65 years and over	1,595	670	925	13.6	11.6	15.6
65 to 69 years	515	245	275	4.4	4.2	4.6
70 to 74 years	395	155	240	3.4	2.7	4.0
75 to 79 years	255	115	140	2.2	2.0	2.4
80 to 84 years	190	75	115	1.6	1.3	1.9
85 years and over	235	80	155	2.0	1.4	2.6
85 to 89 years	150	45	95	1.3	0.8	1.6
90 to 94 years	80	30	50	0.7	0.5	0.8
95 to 99 years	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
100 years and over	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	19.1	19.7	18.3	19.1	19.7	18.3
15 to 64 years	67.4	68.6	66.0	67.4	68.6	66.0
65 years and over	13.6	11.6	15.6	13.6	11.6	15.6
85 years and over	2.0	1.4	2.6	2.0	1.4	2.6
Average age of the population	37.8	36.3	39.2	37.8	36.3	39.2
Median age of the population	35.6	34.0	37.2	35.6	34.0	37.2
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	5,090	...	...	100.0	...	...
Single-detached house	3,215	...	...	63.2	...	...
Semi-detached house	290	...	...	5.7	...	...
Row house	225	...	...	4.4	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	115	...	...	2.3	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	1,015	...	...	19.9	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Other single-attached house	5	...	...	0.1	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	225	...	...	4.4	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	5,095	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 person	1,825	...	...	35.8	...	...
2 persons	1,600	...	...	31.4	...	...
3 persons	755	...	...	14.8	...	...
4 persons	580	...	...	11.4	...	...
5 or more persons	335	...	...	6.6	...	...
Number of persons in private households	11,450	5,655	5,800	100.0	100.0	100.0
Average household size	2.3	...	...	2.3	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	9,480	4,635	4,845	100.0	100.0	100.0
Married or living common-law	4,805	2,415	2,400	50.7	52.1	49.5
Married	3,545	1,775	1,765	37.4	38.3	36.4
Living common-law	1,260	635	630	13.3	13.7	13.0
Living common law - Never married	980	500	475	10.3	10.8	9.8
Living common law - Separated	70	30	35	0.7	0.6	0.7
Living common law - Divorced	190	90	100	2.0	1.9	2.1
Living common law - Widowed	25	15	10	0.3	0.3	0.2
Not married and not living common-law	4,670	2,225	2,450	49.3	48.0	50.6
Not married and not living common law - Never married	3,130	1,760	1,370	33.0	38.0	28.3
Not married and not living common law - Separated	375	150	225	4.0	3.2	4.6
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	640	235	405	6.8	5.1	8.4
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	530	80	450	5.6	1.7	9.3
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	3,015	...	...	100.0	...	...
2 persons	1,550	...	...	51.4	...	...
3 persons	685	...	...	22.7	...	...
4 persons	530	...	...	17.6	...	...
5 or more persons	250	...	...	8.3	...	...
Average size of census families	2.9	...	...	2.9	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.8	...	...	1.8	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	3,015	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total couple families	2,330	...	...	77.3	...	...
Married couples	1,700	...	...	56.4	...	...
With children⁶	900	...	...	29.9	...	...
Without children	805	...	...	26.7	...	...
Common-law couples	630	...	...	20.9	...	...
With children⁶	290	...	...	9.6	...	...
Without children	345	...	...	11.4	...	...
Total one-parent families	680	...	...	22.6	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	530	...	...	17.6	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	150	...	...	5.0	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	11,450	5,655	5,800	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total - Persons in census families	8,615	4,230	4,385	75.2	74.8	75.6
Married spouses or common-law partners	4,665	2,335	2,330	40.7	41.3	40.2
Parents in one-parent families	685	155	535	6.0	2.7	9.2
Children⁶	3,270	1,745	1,525	28.6	30.9	26.3
In a two-parent family	2,190	1,140	1,050	19.1	20.2	18.1
In a one-parent family	1,080	605	470	9.4	10.7	8.1
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	2,840	1,425	1,415	24.8	25.2	24.4
Living alone	1,825	885	940	15.9	15.6	16.2
Living with other relatives⁷	300	130	165	2.6	2.3	2.8
Living with non-relatives only	715	410	310	6.2	7.3	5.3
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	5,095	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	2,695	...	...	52.9	...	...
Couple-family households	2,160	...	...	42.4	...	...
With children⁶	1,105	...	...	21.7	...	...
Without children	1,050	...	...	20.6	...	...
One-parent-family households	545	...	...	10.7	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	70	...	...	1.4	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	15	...	...	0.3	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	190	...	...	3.7	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	300	...	...	5.9	...	...
One-person households	1,825	...	...	35.8	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	9,235	4,520	4,710	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	8,925	4,360	4,565	96.6	96.5	96.9
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	44,400	55,200	37,600	44,400	55,200	37,600
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	8,940	4,370	4,575	96.8	96.7	97.1
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	40,400	48,800	35,200	40,400	48,800	35,200
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	7,910	3,965	3,950	85.7	87.7	83.9
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	40,400	53,200	30,200	40,400	53,200	30,200
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	6,985	3,605	3,385	75.6	79.8	71.9
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	42,400	55,600	32,800	42,400	55,600	32,800
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	7,255	3,255	4,000	78.6	72.0	84.9
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	10,000	8,800	11,500	10,000	8,800	11,500
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	1,155	555	600	12.5	12.3	12.7
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,280	6,280	6,240	6,280	6,280	6,240
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	2,555	1,270	1,285	27.7	28.1	27.3
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,000	8,000	9,000	8,000	8,000	9,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	9,305	4,585	4,720	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	8,995	4,430	4,560	96.7	96.6	96.6
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	55,100	65,400	45,160	55,100	65,400	45,160
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	9,010	4,440	4,570	96.8	96.8	96.8
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	47,080	54,150	40,240	47,080	54,150	40,240
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	7,965	3,995	3,970	85.6	87.1	84.1
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	51,350	63,250	39,440	51,350	63,250	39,440
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	7,040	3,645	3,395	75.7	79.5	71.9
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	52,400	63,650	40,320	52,400	63,650	40,320
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	7,235	3,280	3,955	77.8	71.5	83.8
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	11,940	11,270	12,500	11,940	11,270	12,500
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	1,140	625	515	12.3	13.6	10.9
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,620	7,080	8,240	7,620	7,080	8,240
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	2,550	1,335	1,215	27.4	29.1	25.7
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	9,290	8,900	9,720	9,290	8,900	9,720
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	9,305	4,585	4,720	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	3,285	1,770	1,520	35.3	38.6	32.2
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	65,000	75,500	53,600	65,000	75,500	53,600
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	72,700	83,800	59,850	72,700	83,800	59,850
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	2,950	1,490	1,460	31.7	32.5	30.9
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	25,800	33,600	20,000	25,800	33,600	20,000
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	37,480	47,920	26,880	37,480	47,920	26,880
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	82.6	87.2	76.0	82.6	87.2	76.0
Employment income (%)¹⁹	74.4	80.2	66.4	74.4	80.2	66.4
Government transfers (%)²⁰	17.4	12.8	24.0	17.4	12.8	24.0
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.8	1.5	2.1	1.8	1.5	2.1
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	5.8	4.8	7.3	5.8	4.8	7.3
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	4.8	4.1	5.7	4.8	4.1	5.7
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	9,230	4,525	4,710	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without total income	310	165	145	3.4	3.6	3.1
With total income	8,925	4,360	4,565	96.7	96.4	96.9
Under $10,000 (including loss)	615	255	365	6.9	5.8	8.0
$10,000 to $19,999	895	350	550	10.0	8.0	12.0
$20,000 to $29,999	1,305	500	805	14.6	11.5	17.6
$30,000 to $39,999	1,175	445	735	13.2	10.2	16.1
$40,000 to $49,999	1,020	425	595	11.4	9.7	13.0
$50,000 to $59,999	865	405	460	9.7	9.3	10.1
$60,000 to $69,999	695	335	360	7.8	7.7	7.9
$70,000 to $79,999	540	330	205	6.1	7.6	4.5
$80,000 to $89,999	420	285	130	4.7	6.5	2.8
$90,000 to $99,999	350	210	140	3.9	4.8	3.1
$100,000 and over	1,045	815	225	11.7	18.7	4.9
$100,000 to $149,999	720	540	180	8.1	12.4	3.9
$150,000 and over	320	275	45	3.6	6.3	1.0
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	9,230	4,525	4,710	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without after-tax income	290	150	140	3.1	3.3	3.0
With after-tax income	8,945	4,370	4,570	96.9	96.6	97.0
Under $10,000 (including loss)	650	270	380	7.3	6.2	8.3
$10,000 to $19,999	925	360	560	10.3	8.2	12.3
$20,000 to $29,999	1,500	575	925	16.8	13.2	20.2
$30,000 to $39,999	1,345	535	810	15.0	12.2	17.7
$40,000 to $49,999	1,175	520	655	13.1	11.9	14.3
$50,000 to $59,999	960	475	490	10.7	10.9	10.7
$60,000 to $69,999	710	435	280	7.9	10.0	6.1
$70,000 to $79,999	485	320	160	5.4	7.3	3.5
$80,000 to $89,999	405	255	155	4.5	5.8	3.4
$90,000 to $99,999	230	170	60	2.6	3.9	1.3
$100,000 and over	560	460	100	6.3	10.5	2.2
$100,000 to $124,999	315	250	65	3.5	5.7	1.4
$125,000 and over	250	210	35	2.8	4.8	0.8
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	9,230	4,525	4,710	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without employment income	2,245	920	1,330	24.3	20.3	28.2
With employment income	6,985	3,600	3,385	75.7	79.6	71.9
Under $5,000 (including loss)	735	300	435	10.5	8.3	12.9
$5,000 to $9,999	445	155	290	6.4	4.3	8.6
$10,000 to $19,999	770	310	460	11.0	8.6	13.6
$20,000 to $29,999	700	300	405	10.0	8.3	12.0
$30,000 to $39,999	670	290	385	9.6	8.1	11.4
$40,000 to $49,999	635	290	345	9.1	8.1	10.2
$50,000 to $59,999	605	285	325	8.7	7.9	9.6
$60,000 to $69,999	485	275	210	6.9	7.6	6.2
$70,000 to $79,999	440	290	155	6.3	8.1	4.6
$80,000 to $89,999	330	225	105	4.7	6.3	3.1
$90,000 to $99,999	295	185	110	4.2	5.1	3.2
$100,000 and over	875	705	170	12.5	19.6	5.0
$100,000 to $124,999	385	290	95	5.5	8.1	2.8
$125,000 and over	490	415	70	7.0	11.5	2.1
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	9,235	4,520	4,710	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	8,700	4,230	4,470	94.2	93.6	94.9
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	43,200	58,000	34,000	43,200	58,000	34,000
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	8,715	4,230	4,485	94.4	93.6	95.2
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	38,800	50,000	31,200	38,800	50,000	31,200
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	7,875	3,945	3,930	85.3	87.3	83.4
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	42,400	58,400	31,200	42,400	58,400	31,200
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	7,130	3,655	3,470	77.2	80.9	73.7
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	43,200	58,400	32,000	43,200	58,400	32,000
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	5,715	2,275	3,440	61.9	50.3	73.0
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,650	4,920	7,550	6,650	4,920	7,550
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	865	415	450	9.4	9.2	9.6
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,700	5,840	7,550	6,700	5,840	7,550
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	9,305	4,585	4,720	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	8,680	4,250	4,435	93.3	92.7	94.0
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	54,150	67,700	41,160	54,150	67,700	41,160
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	8,700	4,250	4,450	93.5	92.7	94.3
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	45,240	54,700	36,240	45,240	54,700	36,240
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	7,900	3,945	3,960	84.9	86.0	83.9
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	53,000	68,000	38,120	53,000	68,000	38,120
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	7,180	3,670	3,510	77.2	80.0	74.4
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	52,500	66,900	37,360	52,500	66,900	37,360
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	5,680	2,295	3,385	61.0	50.1	71.7
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	8,990	8,460	9,340	8,990	8,460	9,340
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	845	405	440	9.1	8.8	9.3
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	8,520	7,360	9,600	8,520	7,360	9,600
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	9,305	4,585	4,720	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	3,250	1,745	1,500	34.9	38.1	31.8
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	62,000	76,500	50,400	62,000	76,500	50,400
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	71,200	85,100	55,100	71,200	85,100	55,100
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	2,735	1,400	1,340	29.4	30.5	28.4
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	31,600	44,000	24,400	31,600	44,000	24,400
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	43,400	57,350	28,840	43,400	57,350	28,840
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	89.2	93.2	82.6	89.2	93.2	82.6
Employment income (%)	80.2	85.4	71.8	80.2	85.4	71.8
Government transfers (%)	10.9	6.8	17.3	10.9	6.8	17.3
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.5	1.0	2.3	1.5	1.0	2.3
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	5,090	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	81,000	...	...	81,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	72,500	...	...	72,500	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	1,825	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	44,800	...	...	44,800	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	40,800	...	...	40,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	3,270	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	107,000	...	...	107,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	94,000	...	...	94,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	5,115	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	96,800	...	...	96,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	82,900	...	...	82,900	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	1,835	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	54,350	...	...	54,350	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	47,240	...	...	47,240	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	3,280	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	120,600	...	...	120,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	102,900	...	...	102,900	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	5,090	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	55	...	...	1.1	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	20	...	...	0.4	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	40	...	...	0.8	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	120	...	...	2.4	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	235	...	...	4.6	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	190	...	...	3.7	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	190	...	...	3.7	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	205	...	...	4.0	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	190	...	...	3.7	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	205	...	...	4.0	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	370	...	...	7.3	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	370	...	...	7.3	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	330	...	...	6.5	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	310	...	...	6.1	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	310	...	...	6.1	...	...
$100,000 and over	1,970	...	...	38.7	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	595	...	...	11.7	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	440	...	...	8.6	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	570	...	...	11.2	...	...
$200,000 and over	360	...	...	7.1	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	5,090	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	55	...	...	1.1	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	20	...	...	0.4	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	40	...	...	0.8	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	125	...	...	2.5	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	245	...	...	4.8	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	220	...	...	4.3	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	220	...	...	4.3	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	225	...	...	4.4	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	215	...	...	4.2	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	240	...	...	4.7	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	450	...	...	8.8	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	405	...	...	8.0	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	365	...	...	7.2	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	410	...	...	8.1	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	290	...	...	5.7	...	...
$100,000 and over	1,580	...	...	31.0	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	620	...	...	12.2	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	435	...	...	8.5	...	...
$150,000 and over	525	...	...	10.3	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	3,045	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	105,000	...	...	105,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	93,000	...	...	93,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.9	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	1,085	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	103,000	...	...	103,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	90,000	...	...	90,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	1,190	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	132,000	...	...	132,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	114,000	...	...	114,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	3.9	...	...	3.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	660	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	66,500	...	...	66,500	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	62,000	...	...	62,000	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	2,540	1,295	1,250	...	...	...
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	41,200	46,800	36,400	41,200	46,800	36,400
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	37,600	42,400	34,400	37,600	42,400	34,400
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	3,035	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	118,700	...	...	118,700	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	100,900	...	...	100,900	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,090	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	118,600	...	...	118,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	99,400	...	...	99,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,205	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	142,800	...	...	142,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	120,400	...	...	120,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	655	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	77,400	...	...	77,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	69,600	...	...	69,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	2,640	1,340	1,305	...	...	...
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	51,350	58,000	44,560	51,350	58,000	44,560
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	44,840	49,320	40,280	44,840	49,320	40,280
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	11,455	5,655	5,800	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	2,610	1,345	1,265	22.8	23.8	21.8
0 to 5 years	915	470	445	8.0	8.3	7.7
18 to 64 years	7,390	3,695	3,690	64.5	65.3	63.6
65 years and over	1,460	615	845	12.7	10.9	14.6
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	1,320	580	740	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	375	195	175	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	140	70	70	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	675	300	375	...	...	...
65 years and over	270	85	185	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	11.5	10.3	12.7	11.5	10.3	12.7
0 to 17 years (%)	14.4	14.7	13.9	14.4	14.7	13.9
0 to 5 years (%)	15.6	15.2	16.0	15.6	15.2	16.0
18 to 64 years (%)	9.2	8.1	10.2	9.2	8.1	10.2
65 years and over (%)	18.6	13.8	22.0	18.6	13.8	22.0
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	11,450	5,655	5,800	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	2,610	1,340	1,265	22.8	23.7	21.8
0 to 5 years	910	470	440	7.9	8.3	7.6
18 to 64 years	7,385	3,695	3,695	64.5	65.3	63.7
65 years and over	1,460	620	840	12.8	11.0	14.5
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	330	165	170	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	80	45	35	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	30	20	15	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	225	115	110	...	...	...
65 years and over	30	5	20	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	2.9	2.9	2.9	2.9	2.9	2.9
0 to 17 years (%)	3.1	3.3	3.0	3.1	3.3	3.0
0 to 5 years (%)	3.4	3.6	3.2	3.4	3.6	3.2
18 to 64 years (%)	3.0	3.0	3.0	3.0	3.0	3.0
65 years and over (%)	1.9	1.2	2.4	1.9	1.2	2.4
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	11,455	5,655	5,800	100.0	100.0	100.0
In bottom half of the distribution	5,775	2,705	3,070	50.4	47.8	52.9
In bottom decile	1,250	560	685	10.9	9.9	11.8
In second decile	1,165	525	640	10.2	9.3	11.0
In third decile	1,100	520	580	9.6	9.2	10.0
In fourth decile	1,120	525	590	9.8	9.3	10.2
In fifth decile	1,155	570	580	10.1	10.1	10.0
In top half of the distribution	5,675	2,950	2,730	49.5	52.2	47.1
In sixth decile	1,155	575	575	10.1	10.2	9.9
In seventh decile	1,165	590	580	10.2	10.4	10.0
In eighth decile	1,180	630	545	10.3	11.1	9.4
In ninth decile	1,195	630	565	10.4	11.1	9.7
In top decile	985	525	460	8.6	9.3	7.9
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	11,450	...	...	11,450	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.308	...	...	0.308	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.418	...	...	0.418	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.274	...	...	0.274	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.8	...	...	3.8	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	11,560	5,705	5,850	100.0	100.0	100.0
English only	10,990	5,465	5,530	95.1	95.8	94.5
French only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and French	535	235	305	4.6	4.1	5.2
Neither English nor French	25	10	15	0.2	0.2	0.3
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	11,560	5,705	5,850	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	11,440	5,660	5,780	99.0	99.2	98.8
French	75	30	40	0.6	0.5	0.7
English and French	20	5	10	0.2	0.1	0.2
Neither English nor French	25	10	15	0.2	0.2	0.3
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	11,560	5,705	5,850	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	11,300	5,585	5,720	97.8	97.9	97.8
Official languages	10,075	5,010	5,065	87.2	87.8	86.6
English	9,980	4,965	5,010	86.3	87.0	85.6
French	100	40	55	0.9	0.7	0.9
Non-official languages	1,230	575	655	10.6	10.1	11.2
Indigenous languages³⁹	35	10	25	0.3	0.2	0.4
Algonquian languages	30	10	15	0.3	0.2	0.3
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	30	10	15	0.3	0.2	0.3
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	30	10	15	0.3	0.2	0.3
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	10	10	5	0.1	0.2	0.1
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Northern Athabaskan languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	1,190	560	635	10.3	9.8	10.9
Afro-Asiatic languages	15	15	5	0.1	0.3	0.1
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	10	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	10	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	490	210	280	4.2	3.7	4.8
Bikol	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Bisaya, n.o.s.	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Cebuano	20	10	15	0.2	0.2	0.3
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Ilocano	15	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Indonesian	0	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	415	175	240	3.6	3.1	4.1
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	85	50	40	0.7	0.9	0.7
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	85	50	40	0.7	0.9	0.7
Tamil	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	510	255	260	4.4	4.5	4.4
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	55	30	30	0.5	0.5	0.5
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	55	25	30	0.5	0.4	0.5
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Russian	20	5	10	0.2	0.1	0.2
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Bosnian	0	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Croatian	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	10	10	5	0.1	0.2	0.1
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	145	70	75	1.3	1.2	1.3
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	115	55	60	1.0	1.0	1.0
German	110	50	55	1.0	0.9	0.9
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	25	10	15	0.2	0.2	0.3
Afrikaans	15	10	5	0.1	0.2	0.1
Dutch	10	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	245	135	105	2.1	2.4	1.8
Indo-Aryan languages	230	135	100	2.0	2.4	1.7
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	10	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Gujarati	15	10	5	0.1	0.2	0.1
Hindi	30	20	10	0.3	0.4	0.2
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	170	90	75	1.5	1.6	1.3
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	10	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.2
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	10	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.2
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	70	25	45	0.6	0.4	0.8
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Portuguese	15	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.2
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	45	15	35	0.4	0.3	0.6
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	10	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	30	15	15	0.3	0.3	0.3
Chinese languages	30	15	15	0.3	0.3	0.3
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	15	10	5	0.1	0.2	0.1
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	255	125	130	2.2	2.2	2.2
English and French	40	25	15	0.3	0.4	0.3
English and non-official language(s)	195	95	100	1.7	1.7	1.7
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Multiple non-official languages	25	5	15	0.2	0.1	0.3
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	11,560	5,705	5,850	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	10,175	5,045	5,125	88.0	88.4	87.6
French	15	10	10	0.1	0.2	0.2
Non-official language	255	130	125	2.2	2.3	2.1
Indigenous³⁹	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Non-Indigenous	245	120	125	2.1	2.1	2.1
English and French	70	35	35	0.6	0.6	0.6
English and non-official language(s)	1,010	475	535	8.7	8.3	9.1
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	25	10	15	0.2	0.2	0.3
Multiple non-official languages	15	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	11,560	5,705	5,850	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	11,295	5,585	5,710	97.7	97.9	97.6
Official languages	10,600	5,235	5,365	91.7	91.8	91.7
English	10,580	5,225	5,360	91.5	91.6	91.6
French	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Non-official languages	695	350	345	6.0	6.1	5.9
Indigenous languages³⁹	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Algonquian languages	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	685	340	340	5.9	6.0	5.8
Afro-Asiatic languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	295	140	160	2.6	2.5	2.7
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	270	120	150	2.3	2.1	2.6
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	70	40	35	0.6	0.7	0.6
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	70	40	35	0.6	0.7	0.6
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	270	150	125	2.3	2.6	2.1
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	35	25	10	0.3	0.4	0.2
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	35	25	10	0.3	0.4	0.2
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	20	15	10	0.2	0.3	0.2
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Bosnian	0	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	35	15	15	0.3	0.3	0.3
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	30	15	15	0.3	0.3	0.3
German	25	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Afrikaans	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	180	95	85	1.6	1.7	1.5
Indo-Aryan languages	175	95	80	1.5	1.7	1.4
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	15	10	5	0.1	0.2	0.1
Hindi	15	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	140	75	65	1.2	1.3	1.1
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	15	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.2
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	10	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
American Sign Language	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Chinese languages	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	265	120	140	2.3	2.1	2.4
English and French	15	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
English and non-official language(s)	240	110	125	2.1	1.9	2.1
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	15	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	11,560	5,705	5,850	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	10,680	5,290	5,385	92.4	92.7	92.1
English	375	190	185	3.2	3.3	3.2
French	55	30	30	0.5	0.5	0.5
Non-official language	355	155	195	3.1	2.7	3.3
Indigenous³⁹	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Non-Indigenous	330	150	185	2.9	2.6	3.2
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	60	30	30	0.5	0.5	0.5
French and non-official language(s)	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	35	15	20	0.3	0.3	0.3
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	11,525	5,710	5,815	100.0	100.0	100.0
Official languages	11,505	5,700	5,805	99.8	99.8	99.8
English	11,505	5,700	5,805	99.8	99.8	99.8
French	605	255	350	5.2	4.5	6.0
Non-official languages	1,720	800	915	14.9	14.0	15.7
Indigenous languages³⁹	75	35	40	0.7	0.6	0.7
Algonquian languages	65	35	30	0.6	0.6	0.5
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	60	30	30	0.5	0.5	0.5
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	60	30	30	0.5	0.5	0.5
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	35	20	15	0.3	0.4	0.3
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Northern Athabaskan languages	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	1,655	765	880	14.4	13.4	15.1
Afro-Asiatic languages	30	25	0	0.3	0.4	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	25	20	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	15	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	20	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.2
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	20	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.2
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	625	235	390	5.4	4.1	6.7
Bikol	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	55	25	35	0.5	0.4	0.6
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	610	235	385	5.3	4.1	6.6
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	125	60	65	1.1	1.1	1.1
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	125	60	65	1.1	1.1	1.1
Tamil	15	10	10	0.1	0.2	0.2
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	725	415	310	6.3	7.3	5.3
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	135	90	45	1.2	1.6	0.8
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	135	90	45	1.2	1.6	0.8
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Russian	100	75	30	0.9	1.3	0.5
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	15	15	0	0.1	0.3	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	15	15	0	0.1	0.3	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	30	15	15	0.3	0.3	0.3
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	170	90	85	1.5	1.6	1.5
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	140	70	65	1.2	1.2	1.1
German	100	50	50	0.9	0.9	0.9
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	40	20	20	0.3	0.4	0.3
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	30	20	10	0.3	0.4	0.2
Afrikaans	25	15	10	0.2	0.3	0.2
Dutch	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	310	190	120	2.7	3.3	2.1
Indo-Aryan languages	300	190	110	2.6	3.3	1.9
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Hindi	105	65	45	0.9	1.1	0.8
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	240	155	85	2.1	2.7	1.5
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	130	50	75	1.1	0.9	1.3
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Portuguese	30	10	20	0.3	0.2	0.3
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	105	40	65	0.9	0.7	1.1
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Korean	55	20	35	0.5	0.4	0.6
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.3
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	20	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.2
Sino-Tibetan languages	20	0	20	0.2	0.0	0.3
Chinese languages	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	30	0	15	0.3	0.0	0.3
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	30	0	15	0.3	0.0	0.3
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	45	15	30	0.4	0.3	0.5
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Hungarian	40	15	25	0.3	0.3	0.4
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	11,525	5,710	5,815	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	1,765	885	880	15.3	15.5	15.1
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	1,700	855	840	14.8	15.0	14.4
First Nations (North American Indian)	980	465	515	8.5	8.1	8.9
Métis	715	390	325	6.2	6.8	5.6
Inuk (Inuit)	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	45	20	30	0.4	0.4	0.5
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	20	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.3
Non-Indigenous identity	9,760	4,825	4,935	84.7	84.5	84.9
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	11,525	5,710	5,815	100.0	100.0	100.0
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	570	245	330	4.9	4.3	5.7
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	10,955	5,465	5,485	95.1	95.7	94.3
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	5,115	...	...	100.0	...	...
Owner	3,030	...	...	59.2	...	...
Renter	2,085	...	...	40.8	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	5,115	...	...	100.0	...	...
Condominium	240	...	...	4.7	...	...
Not condominium	4,880	...	...	95.4	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	5,115	...	...	100.0	...	...
No bedrooms	50	...	...	1.0	...	...
1 bedroom	665	...	...	13.0	...	...
2 bedrooms	1,345	...	...	26.3	...	...
3 bedrooms	1,670	...	...	32.6	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	1,390	...	...	27.2	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	5,115	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	1,550	...	...	30.3	...	...
5 rooms	950	...	...	18.6	...	...
6 rooms	665	...	...	13.0	...	...
7 rooms	635	...	...	12.4	...	...
8 or more rooms	1,315	...	...	25.7	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.0	...	...	6.0	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	5,115	...	...	100.0	...	...
One person or fewer per room	5,020	...	...	98.1	...	...
More than one person per room	100	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	5,115	...	...	100.0	...	...
Suitable	4,895	...	...	95.7	...	...
Not suitable	220	...	...	4.3	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	5,115	...	...	100.0	...	...
1960 or before	1,260	...	...	24.6	...	...
1961 to 1980	1,870	...	...	36.6	...	...
1981 to 1990	375	...	...	7.3	...	...
1991 to 2000	470	...	...	9.2	...	...
2001 to 2005	155	...	...	3.0	...	...
2006 to 2010	435	...	...	8.5	...	...
2011 to 2015	345	...	...	6.7	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	210	...	...	4.1	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	5,115	...	...	100.0	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	4,680	...	...	91.5	...	...
Major repairs needed	435	...	...	8.5	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	5,115	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-maintainer household	3,015	...	...	58.9	...	...
Two-maintainer household	1,965	...	...	38.4	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	140	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	5,115	...	...	100.0	...	...
15 to 24 years	360	...	...	7.0	...	...
25 to 34 years	1,065	...	...	20.8	...	...
35 to 44 years	905	...	...	17.7	...	...
45 to 54 years	825	...	...	16.1	...	...
55 to 64 years	885	...	...	17.3	...	...
65 to 74 years	620	...	...	12.1	...	...
75 to 84 years	320	...	...	6.3	...	...
85 years and over	135	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	5,100	...	...	100.0	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	4,170	...	...	81.8	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	925	...	...	18.1	...	...
30% to less than 100%	855	...	...	16.8	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	5,115	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	1,465	...	...	28.6	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	845	...	...	16.5	...	...
Not suitable only	165	...	...	3.2	...	...
Major repairs needed only	335	...	...	6.5	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	15	...	...	0.3	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	65	...	...	1.3	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	40	...	...	0.8	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Acceptable housing	3,650	...	...	71.4	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	5,020	...	...	100.0	...	...
In core need	510	...	...	10.2	...	...
Not in core need	4,515	...	...	89.9	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	3,030	...	...	...	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	68.2	...	...	68.2	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	11.4	...	...	11.4	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	4.2	...	...	4.2	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,330	...	...	1,330	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,336	...	...	1,336	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	296,000	...	...	296,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	298,800	...	...	298,800	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	2,085	...	...	...	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	14.1	...	...	14.1	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	28.3	...	...	28.3	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	19.2	...	...	19.2	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,010	...	...	1,010	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,103	...	...	1,103	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	...	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	11,530	5,705	5,820	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	655	325	330	5.7	5.7	5.7
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	610	300	310	5.3	5.3	5.3
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	465	210	250	4.0	3.7	4.3
Métis single ancestry	150	90	60	1.3	1.6	1.0
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	45	25	25	0.4	0.4	0.4
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	45	25	25	0.4	0.4	0.4
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	1,040	515	520	9.0	9.0	8.9
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	1,005	500	500	8.7	8.8	8.6
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	740	370	375	6.4	6.5	6.4
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	250	125	130	2.2	2.2	2.2
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	35	20	15	0.3	0.4	0.3
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	35	20	15	0.3	0.4	0.3
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	9,830	4,865	4,970	85.3	85.3	85.4
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	11,530	5,710	5,820	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	10,465	5,145	5,320	90.8	90.1	91.4
Canadian citizens aged under 18	2,500	1,250	1,250	21.7	21.9	21.5
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	7,970	3,900	4,070	69.1	68.3	69.9
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	1,060	560	500	9.2	9.8	8.6
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	11,530	5,710	5,820	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	9,965	4,960	5,005	86.4	86.9	86.0
Immigrants⁸¹	1,120	505	615	9.7	8.8	10.6
Before 1980	160	70	95	1.4	1.2	1.6
1980 to 1990	80	15	60	0.7	0.3	1.0
1991 to 2000	70	20	50	0.6	0.4	0.9
2001 to 2010	120	40	80	1.0	0.7	1.4
2011 to 2021⁸²	680	350	335	5.9	6.1	5.8
2011 to 2015	270	120	140	2.3	2.1	2.4
2016 to 2021	415	225	190	3.6	3.9	3.3
Non-permanent residents⁸³	445	245	200	3.9	4.3	3.4
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	1,115	505	615	100.0	100.0	100.0
Under 5 years	110	55	55	9.9	10.9	8.9
5 to 14 years	250	130	120	22.4	25.7	19.5
15 to 24 years	160	55	100	14.3	10.9	16.3
25 to 44 years	505	215	290	45.3	42.6	47.2
45 years and over	95	45	50	8.5	8.9	8.1
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	1,115	505	615	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	135	55	85	12.1	10.9	13.8
Brazil	10	0	10	0.9	0.0	1.6
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
El Salvador	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyana	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	35	25	10	3.1	5.0	1.6
Mexico	10	0	0	0.9	0.0	0.0
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	70	25	45	6.3	5.0	7.3
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Europe	205	90	110	18.4	17.8	17.9
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germany	35	10	25	3.1	2.0	4.1
Greece	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Netherlands	10	0	0	0.9	0.0	0.0
Poland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portugal	10	0	0	0.9	0.0	0.0
Romania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	15	10	0	1.3	2.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	15	10	10	1.3	2.0	1.6
United Kingdom⁸⁷	65	20	45	5.8	4.0	7.3
Other places of birth in Europe	40	20	15	3.6	4.0	2.4
Africa	55	40	20	4.9	7.9	3.3
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	25	20	0	2.2	4.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	20	0	10	1.8	0.0	1.6
Asia	720	310	410	64.6	61.4	66.7
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	25	10	20	2.2	2.0	3.3
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	515	220	290	46.2	43.6	47.2
Viet Nam	15	0	10	1.3	0.0	1.6
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	120	65	55	10.8	12.9	8.9
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	35	0	30	3.1	0.0	4.9
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	415	225	190	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	40	30	10	9.6	13.3	5.3
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	35	25	10	8.4	11.1	5.3
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Europe	30	20	15	7.2	8.9	7.9
France	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germany	10	0	0	2.4	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	15	0	10	3.6	0.0	5.3
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asia	335	180	160	80.7	80.0	84.2
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	100	55	45	24.1	24.4	23.7
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	225	110	110	54.2	48.9	57.9
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	11,525	5,710	5,815	100.0	100.0	100.0
First generation¹⁰⁰	1,645	800	845	14.3	14.0	14.5
Second generation¹⁰¹	1,450	700	750	12.6	12.3	12.9
Third generation or more¹⁰²	8,430	4,210	4,225	73.1	73.7	72.7
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	950	435	525	100.0	100.0	100.0
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	675	335	335	71.1	77.0	63.8
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	260	135	125	27.4	31.0	23.8
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	415	200	210	43.7	46.0	40.0
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	250	85	170	26.3	19.5	32.4
Refugees¹⁰⁸	25	20	15	2.6	4.6	2.9
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	950	435	525	100.0	100.0	100.0
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	250	115	140	26.3	26.4	26.7
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	55	35	20	5.8	8.0	3.8
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	75	45	30	7.9	10.3	5.7
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	565	235	330	59.5	54.0	62.9
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	11,525	5,710	5,815	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	1,535	710	820	13.3	12.4	14.1
South Asian	450	265	180	3.9	4.6	3.1
Chinese	40	20	15	0.3	0.4	0.3
Black	115	60	50	1.0	1.1	0.9
Filipino	650	250	405	5.6	4.4	7.0
Arab	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latin American	30	15	15	0.3	0.3	0.3
Southeast Asian	150	55	95	1.3	1.0	1.6
West Asian	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Korean	45	20	30	0.4	0.4	0.5
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple visible minorities	35	10	25	0.3	0.2	0.4
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	9,990	4,995	4,995	86.7	87.5	85.9
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	11,525	5,710	5,815	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian	1,750	935	820	15.2	16.4	14.1
English	2,695	1,370	1,325	23.4	24.0	22.8
Irish	2,090	880	1,205	18.1	15.4	20.7
Scottish	2,170	1,035	1,130	18.8	18.1	19.4
French, n.o.s.¹²²	1,210	560	650	10.5	9.8	11.2
German	2,040	1,015	1,025	17.7	17.8	17.6
Chinese	100	40	55	0.9	0.7	0.9
Italian	265	100	170	2.3	1.8	2.9
Indian (India)	280	150	125	2.4	2.6	2.1
Ukrainian	575	310	265	5.0	5.4	4.6
Dutch	500	230	270	4.3	4.0	4.6
Polish	295	150	150	2.6	2.6	2.6
Québécois	40	15	25	0.3	0.3	0.4
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	390	200	190	3.4	3.5	3.3
Filipino	700	255	445	6.1	4.5	7.7
French Canadian	125	65	60	1.1	1.1	1.0
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	365	175	185	3.2	3.1	3.2
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	530	265	265	4.6	4.6	4.6
Métis	480	250	230	4.2	4.4	4.0
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	310	140	175	2.7	2.5	3.0
Russian	325	190	140	2.8	3.3	2.4
Norwegian	800	315	485	6.9	5.5	8.3
Welsh	310	140	170	2.7	2.5	2.9
Portuguese	40	20	15	0.3	0.4	0.3
American	270	130	135	2.3	2.3	2.3
Spanish	25	15	10	0.2	0.3	0.2
Swedish	380	160	220	3.3	2.8	3.8
Hungarian	185	95	95	1.6	1.7	1.6
Acadian	30	15	15	0.3	0.3	0.3
Pakistani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.3
Jewish	35	30	0	0.3	0.5	0.0
Punjabi	95	75	20	0.8	1.3	0.3
Vietnamese	45	20	25	0.4	0.4	0.4
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	60	25	35	0.5	0.4	0.6
Jamaican	30	20	10	0.3	0.4	0.2
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	435	200	235	3.8	3.5	4.0
Korean	30	15	15	0.3	0.3	0.3
Romanian	150	50	100	1.3	0.9	1.7
Lebanese	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Iranian	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	80	25	50	0.7	0.4	0.9
Danish	120	55	65	1.0	1.0	1.1
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	100	50	50	0.9	0.9	0.9
Sikh	65	45	20	0.6	0.8	0.3
Austrian	85	50	35	0.7	0.9	0.6
Belgian	40	25	15	0.3	0.4	0.3
Haitian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexican	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Mennonite	55	20	35	0.5	0.4	0.6
Swiss	80	40	40	0.7	0.7	0.7
Finnish	55	20	35	0.5	0.4	0.6
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	25	15	10	0.2	0.3	0.2
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	30	10	15	0.3	0.2	0.3
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	135	60	75	1.2	1.1	1.3
Muslim	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egyptian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	35	15	15	0.3	0.3	0.3
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	80	55	25	0.7	1.0	0.4
Colombian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moroccan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	110	55	60	1.0	1.0	1.0
Syrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afghan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Newfoundlander	35	20	15	0.3	0.4	0.3
Hong Konger	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ontarian	20	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.3
Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazilian	35	10	25	0.3	0.2	0.4
Nigerian	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	85	45	45	0.7	0.8	0.8
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	55	25	30	0.5	0.4	0.5
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.3
South African	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Australian	25	0	20	0.2	0.0	0.3
Palestinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chilean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congolese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peruvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Canadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israeli	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	60	25	40	0.5	0.4	0.7
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albertan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African American	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Tunisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.3
Cuban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Laotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	40	15	25	0.3	0.3	0.4
Northern Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
British Columbian	95	55	40	0.8	1.0	0.7
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jatt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	25	10	20	0.2	0.2	0.3
Dominican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Abenaki	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Zealander	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Breton	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania Dutch	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plains Cree	15	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saskatchewanian	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gaspesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norman	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteaux	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Manitoban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Honduran	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cherokee	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Flemish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Goan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamileke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Libyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Basque	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igorot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guinean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maliseet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Beninese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Roma	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tajik	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amhara	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	11,525	5,710	5,815	100.0	100.0	100.0
Buddhist	45	10	35	0.4	0.2	0.6
Christian	4,145	1,765	2,380	36.0	30.9	40.9
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	1,090	525	565	9.5	9.2	9.7
Anabaptist	45	25	25	0.4	0.4	0.4
Anglican	220	45	175	1.9	0.8	3.0
Baptist	85	40	45	0.7	0.7	0.8
Catholic	1,495	685	815	13.0	12.0	14.0
Christian Orthodox	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Jehovah's Witness	65	25	40	0.6	0.4	0.7
Latter Day Saints	25	0	20	0.2	0.0	0.3
Lutheran	205	90	115	1.8	1.6	2.0
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	50	15	30	0.4	0.3	0.5
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	180	85	95	1.6	1.5	1.6
Presbyterian	45	25	25	0.4	0.4	0.4
Reformed	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Church	330	105	230	2.9	1.8	4.0
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	290	95	190	2.5	1.7	3.3
Hindu	80	50	25	0.7	0.9	0.4
Jewish	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Muslim	35	25	10	0.3	0.4	0.2
Sikh	205	130	75	1.8	2.3	1.3
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Other religions and spiritual traditions	125	60	70	1.1	1.1	1.2
No religion and secular perspectives	6,875	3,665	3,210	59.7	64.2	55.2
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	11,410	5,645	5,770	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	9,470	4,690	4,775	83.0	83.1	82.8
Movers	1,940	955	990	17.0	16.9	17.2
Non-migrants	1,350	660	685	11.8	11.7	11.9
Migrants	595	295	300	5.2	5.2	5.2
Internal migrants	480	245	240	4.2	4.3	4.2
Intraprovincial migrants	245	125	120	2.1	2.2	2.1
Interprovincial migrants	235	125	115	2.1	2.2	2.0
External migrants	115	50	60	1.0	0.9	1.0
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	10,775	5,305	5,470	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	5,460	2,540	2,925	50.7	47.9	53.5
Movers	5,315	2,770	2,545	49.3	52.2	46.5
Non-migrants	2,455	1,245	1,205	22.8	23.5	22.0
Migrants	2,860	1,520	1,340	26.5	28.7	24.5
Internal migrants	2,200	1,170	1,030	20.4	22.1	18.8
Intraprovincial migrants	1,485	760	720	13.8	14.3	13.2
Interprovincial migrants	715	405	310	6.6	7.6	5.7
External migrants	660	350	305	6.1	6.6	5.6
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	9,305	4,585	4,720	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	2,295	1,205	1,090	24.7	26.3	23.1
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	7,010	3,380	3,630	75.3	73.7	76.9
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	6,345	3,110	3,230	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	1,170	635	535	18.4	20.4	16.6
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	5,175	2,475	2,700	81.6	79.6	83.6
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	9,300	4,585	4,720	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	2,040	1,040	1,000	21.9	22.7	21.2
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	2,875	1,365	1,510	30.9	29.8	32.0
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	4,390	2,180	2,210	47.2	47.5	46.8
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	3,155	1,745	1,410	33.9	38.1	29.9
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	1,140	950	190	12.3	20.7	4.0
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	355	240	115	3.8	5.2	2.4
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	790	710	80	8.5	15.5	1.7
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	1,735	690	1,050	18.7	15.0	22.2
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	280	105	170	3.0	2.3	3.6
Bachelor's degree or higher	1,235	430	805	13.3	9.4	17.1
Bachelor's degree	945	320	625	10.2	7.0	13.2
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	90	40	50	1.0	0.9	1.1
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Master's degree	170	55	115	1.8	1.2	2.4
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	6,340	3,110	3,230	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	1,000	515	485	15.8	16.6	15.0
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	1,940	935	1,005	30.6	30.1	31.1
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	3,400	1,660	1,735	53.6	53.4	53.7
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	2,395	1,340	1,055	37.8	43.1	32.7
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	895	765	125	14.1	24.6	3.9
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	245	180	70	3.9	5.8	2.2
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	645	585	55	10.2	18.8	1.7
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	1,290	505	785	20.3	16.2	24.3
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	220	75	140	3.5	2.4	4.3
Bachelor's degree or higher	1,005	325	680	15.9	10.5	21.1
Bachelor's degree	775	255	520	12.2	8.2	16.1
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	60	20	40	0.9	0.6	1.2
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	15	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
Master's degree	145	40	105	2.3	1.3	3.3
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	9,305	4,580	4,725	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	4,910	2,405	2,505	52.8	52.5	53.0
Education	350	60	290	3.8	1.3	6.1
13. Education	350	60	290	3.8	1.3	6.1
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	90	40	50	1.0	0.9	1.1
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
50. Visual and performing arts	75	30	50	0.8	0.7	1.1
Humanities	145	45	100	1.6	1.0	2.1
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
23. English language and literature/letters	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	45	10	30	0.5	0.2	0.6
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	20	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.2
39. Theology and religious vocations	40	15	25	0.4	0.3	0.5
54. History	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	285	95	190	3.1	2.1	4.0
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	30	15	20	0.3	0.3	0.4
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	85	10	80	0.9	0.2	1.7
22. Legal professions and studies	50	30	20	0.5	0.7	0.4
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
42. Psychology	55	15	35	0.6	0.3	0.7
45. Social sciences	55	25	30	0.6	0.5	0.6
Business, management and public administration	855	285	575	9.2	6.2	12.2
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	125	10	110	1.3	0.2	2.3
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	725	270	460	7.8	5.9	9.7
Physical and life sciences and technologies	75	40	35	0.8	0.9	0.7
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	20	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.3
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
40. Physical sciences	35	25	10	0.4	0.5	0.2
41. Science technologies/technicians	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	70	55	15	0.8	1.2	0.3
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	50	45	10	0.5	1.0	0.2
25. Library science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
27. Mathematics and statistics	20	10	0	0.2	0.2	0.0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	1,335	1,225	105	14.3	26.7	2.2
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
14. Engineering	80	65	20	0.9	1.4	0.4
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	295	265	30	3.2	5.8	0.6
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	395	365	25	4.2	8.0	0.5
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	405	385	30	4.4	8.4	0.6
48. Precision production	150	150	0	1.6	3.3	0.0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	140	90	55	1.5	2.0	1.2
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	50	25	25	0.5	0.5	0.5
03. Natural resources and conservation	95	65	25	1.0	1.4	0.5
Health and related fields	785	125	665	8.4	2.7	14.1
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	20	15	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	770	105	660	8.3	2.3	14.0
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Personal, protective and transportation services	260	120	140	2.8	2.6	3.0
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	165	60	105	1.8	1.3	2.2
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	20	0	20	0.2	0.0	0.4
49. Transportation and materials moving	70	60	10	0.8	1.3	0.2
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	6,340	3,110	3,230	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	2,940	1,445	1,495	46.4	46.5	46.3
Education	290	55	235	4.6	1.8	7.3
13. Education	290	55	235	4.6	1.8	7.3
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	85	40	45	1.3	1.3	1.4
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	15	15	0	0.2	0.5	0.0
50. Visual and performing arts	75	30	45	1.2	1.0	1.4
Humanities	100	25	75	1.6	0.8	2.3
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
23. English language and literature/letters	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	25	0	25	0.4	0.0	0.8
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	15	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.5
39. Theology and religious vocations	30	15	15	0.5	0.5	0.5
54. History	15	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.5
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	235	85	160	3.7	2.7	5.0
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	25	10	20	0.4	0.3	0.6
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	65	10	60	1.0	0.3	1.9
22. Legal professions and studies	40	20	20	0.6	0.6	0.6
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	10	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.3
42. Psychology	50	15	30	0.8	0.5	0.9
45. Social sciences	45	25	25	0.7	0.8	0.8
Business, management and public administration	615	180	440	9.7	5.8	13.6
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	105	10	95	1.7	0.3	2.9
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	505	165	340	8.0	5.3	10.5
Physical and life sciences and technologies	55	25	30	0.9	0.8	0.9
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	15	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.5
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
40. Physical sciences	30	15	10	0.5	0.5	0.3
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	60	40	15	0.9	1.3	0.5
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	45	40	10	0.7	1.3	0.3
25. Library science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
27. Mathematics and statistics	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	1,035	960	75	16.3	30.9	2.3
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
14. Engineering	70	50	15	1.1	1.6	0.5
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	240	215	25	3.8	6.9	0.8
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	310	295	15	4.9	9.5	0.5
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	315	300	15	5.0	9.6	0.5
48. Precision production	105	105	0	1.7	3.4	0.0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	105	60	45	1.7	1.9	1.4
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	25	0	15	0.4	0.0	0.5
03. Natural resources and conservation	75	55	30	1.2	1.8	0.9
Health and related fields	620	90	530	9.8	2.9	16.4
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	10	10	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	610	85	525	9.6	2.7	16.3
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Personal, protective and transportation services	205	110	95	3.2	3.5	2.9
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	135	55	85	2.1	1.8	2.6
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	10	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.3
49. Transportation and materials moving	60	55	0	0.9	1.8	0.0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	6,340	3,110	3,230	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,940	1,445	1,495	46.4	46.5	46.3
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	3,400	1,665	1,735	53.6	53.5	53.7
Location of study inside Canada	2,820	1,445	1,375	44.5	46.5	42.6
Same as province or territory of residence	2,010	1,055	955	31.7	33.9	29.6
Different than province or territory of residence	815	390	425	12.9	12.5	13.2
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	580	220	365	9.1	7.1	11.3
Americas	70	20	50	1.1	0.6	1.5
United States of America	35	10	25	0.6	0.3	0.8
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	10	10	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Americas	15	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.3
Europe	55	20	40	0.9	0.6	1.2
Belgium	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Switzerland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	10	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.3
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	15	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.3
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	15	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.3
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Europe	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
Africa	15	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asia	440	175	265	6.9	5.6	8.2
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	10	10	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	15	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.3
Philippines	275	100	165	4.3	3.2	5.1
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	120	55	65	1.9	1.8	2.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Asia	25	0	20	0.4	0.0	0.6
Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Zealand	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	9,300	4,585	4,720	...	...	...
In the labour force	6,495	3,445	3,055	...	...	...
Employed	5,850	3,050	2,800	...	...	...
Unemployed	645	390	255	...	...	...
Not in the labour force	2,810	1,140	1,670	...	...	...
Participation rate	69.8	75.1	64.7	69.8	75.1	64.7
Employment rate	62.9	66.5	59.3	62.9	66.5	59.3
Unemployment rate	9.9	11.3	8.3	9.9	11.3	8.3
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	9,305	4,580	4,725	100.0	100.0	100.0
Did not work¹⁸⁶	2,890	1,225	1,660	31.1	26.7	35.1
Worked	6,415	3,355	3,060	68.9	73.3	64.8
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	3,315	1,795	1,520	35.6	39.2	32.2
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	3,105	1,565	1,540	33.4	34.2	32.6
Average weeks worked in reference year	41.4	41.6	41.2	41.4	41.6	41.2
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	6,500	3,440	3,055	100.0	100.0	100.0
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	140	80	65	2.2	2.3	2.1
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	6,355	3,365	2,990	97.8	97.8	97.9
Employee	5,725	2,960	2,765	88.1	86.0	90.5
Permanent position	4,960	2,595	2,365	76.3	75.4	77.4
Temporary position	765	365	400	11.8	10.6	13.1
Fixed term (1 year or more)	250	110	140	3.8	3.2	4.6
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	520	255	260	8.0	7.4	8.5
Self-employed¹⁹²	630	405	225	9.7	11.8	7.4
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	6,500	3,440	3,055	100.0	100.0	100.0
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	140	80	65	2.2	2.3	2.1
All occupations¹⁹¹	6,355	3,365	2,990	97.8	97.8	97.9
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	40	25	15	0.6	0.7	0.5
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	755	185	565	11.6	5.4	18.5
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	220	185	35	3.4	5.4	1.1
3 Health occupations	520	80	440	8.0	2.3	14.4
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	855	245	610	13.2	7.1	20.0
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	70	45	25	1.1	1.3	0.8
6 Sales and service occupations	1,835	730	1,110	28.2	21.2	36.3
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	1,420	1,280	140	21.8	37.2	4.6
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	265	245	20	4.1	7.1	0.7
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	370	345	25	5.7	10.0	0.8
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	6,500	3,440	3,055	100.0	100.0	100.0
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	140	80	65	2.2	2.3	2.1
All industries¹⁹¹	6,355	3,365	2,990	97.8	97.8	97.9
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	100	85	10	1.5	2.5	0.3
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	520	470	50	8.0	13.7	1.6
22 Utilities	25	25	0	0.4	0.7	0.0
23 Construction	600	510	85	9.2	14.8	2.8
31-33 Manufacturing	250	215	40	3.8	6.3	1.3
41 Wholesale trade	185	145	40	2.8	4.2	1.3
44-45 Retail trade	950	475	475	14.6	13.8	15.5
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	400	290	115	6.2	8.4	3.8
51 Information and cultural industries	55	35	20	0.8	1.0	0.7
52 Finance and insurance	135	30	105	2.1	0.9	3.4
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	75	40	35	1.2	1.2	1.1
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	195	125	70	3.0	3.6	2.3
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	185	95	90	2.8	2.8	2.9
61 Educational services	480	140	340	7.4	4.1	11.1
62 Health care and social assistance	915	175	745	14.1	5.1	24.4
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	95	40	55	1.5	1.2	1.8
72 Accommodation and food services	600	210	390	9.2	6.1	12.8
81 Other services (except public administration)	275	155	125	4.2	4.5	4.1
91 Public administration	315	115	200	4.8	3.3	6.5
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	6,905	3,610	3,300	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	6,810	3,575	3,240	98.6	99.0	98.2
French	15	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.3
Non-official language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and French	20	10	15	0.3	0.3	0.5
English and non-official language(s)	55	25	30	0.8	0.7	0.9
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	6,905	3,610	3,300	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	6,905	3,610	3,300	100.0	100.0	100.0
Official languages	6,895	3,605	3,290	99.9	99.9	99.7
English	6,875	3,595	3,275	99.6	99.6	99.2
French	20	10	20	0.3	0.3	0.6
Non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	6,905	3,610	3,300	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	6,830	3,575	3,250	98.9	99.0	98.5
English	15	10	10	0.2	0.3	0.3
French	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Non-official language	50	20	30	0.7	0.6	0.9
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	50	20	25	0.7	0.6	0.8
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	5,850	3,050	2,805	100.0	100.0	100.0
Worked at home	375	120	255	6.4	3.9	9.1
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
No fixed workplace address	1,190	935	255	20.3	30.7	9.1
Usual place of work	4,280	1,990	2,290	73.2	65.2	81.6
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	4,280	1,990	2,290	100.0	100.0	100.0
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	3,685	1,625	2,060	86.1	81.7	90.0
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	280	200	85	6.5	10.1	3.7
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	220	105	120	5.1	5.3	5.2
Commute to a different province or territory	95	70	25	2.2	3.5	1.1
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	5,470	2,930	2,545	100.0	100.0	100.0
Car, truck or van	5,020	2,720	2,300	91.8	92.8	90.4
Car, truck or van - as a driver	4,565	2,485	2,075	83.5	84.8	81.5
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	455	235	220	8.3	8.0	8.6
Public transit	20	0	15	0.4	0.0	0.6
Walked	360	165	195	6.6	5.6	7.7
Bicycle	20	10	0	0.4	0.3	0.0
Other method	55	30	25	1.0	1.0	1.0
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	5,470	2,930	2,545	100.0	100.0	100.0
Less than 15 minutes	3,760	1,750	2,015	68.7	59.7	79.2
15 to 29 minutes	825	470	355	15.1	16.0	13.9
30 to 44 minutes	410	305	105	7.5	10.4	4.1
45 to 59 minutes	160	135	20	2.9	4.6	0.8
60 minutes and over	310	265	45	5.7	9.0	1.8
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	5,470	2,930	2,545	100.0	100.0	100.0
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	410	360	55	7.5	12.3	2.2
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	950	680	265	17.4	23.2	10.4
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	1,405	700	705	25.7	23.9	27.7
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	1,270	510	760	23.2	17.4	29.9
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	645	250	400	11.8	8.5	15.7
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	785	425	360	14.4	14.5	14.1
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	2,655	1,370	1,285	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	120	65	60	4.5	4.7	4.7
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	2,535	1,310	1,225	95.5	95.6	95.3
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	1,860	955	905	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	75	45	35	4.0	4.7	3.9
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	45	20	25	2.4	2.1	2.8
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	30	25	10	1.6	2.6	1.1
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	1,785	910	875	96.0	95.3	96.7

Symbol legend

...
not applicable
^r
revised

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 30, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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