Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	CranbrookMore information: British Columbia [Population centre]
	Counts			Rates
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	20,008	...	...	...	...	...
Population, 2016¹	19,641^r	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	1.9	...	...	1.9	...	...
Total private dwellings²	8,831	...	...	...	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	8,558	...	...	...	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	1,225.8	...	...	1,225.8	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	16.32	...	...	...	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	20,000	9,770	10,230	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	2,970	1,515	1,455	14.9	15.5	14.2
0 to 4 years	860	445	415	4.3	4.6	4.1
5 to 9 years	990	500	485	5.0	5.1	4.7
10 to 14 years	1,125	565	560	5.6	5.8	5.5
15 to 64 years	12,335	6,140	6,200	61.7	62.8	60.6
15 to 19 years	1,040	520	515	5.2	5.3	5.0
20 to 24 years	1,155	600	560	5.8	6.1	5.5
25 to 29 years	1,240	645	595	6.2	6.6	5.8
30 to 34 years	1,250	640	610	6.3	6.6	6.0
35 to 39 years	1,230	625	600	6.2	6.4	5.9
40 to 44 years	1,195	585	615	6.0	6.0	6.0
45 to 49 years	1,135	535	600	5.7	5.5	5.9
50 to 54 years	1,225	585	650	6.1	6.0	6.4
55 to 59 years	1,410	710	705	7.1	7.3	6.9
60 to 64 years	1,455	695	760	7.3	7.1	7.4
65 years and over	4,695	2,120	2,575	23.5	21.7	25.2
65 to 69 years	1,410	660	750	7.1	6.8	7.3
70 to 74 years	1,160	545	620	5.8	5.6	6.1
75 to 79 years	885	405	480	4.4	4.1	4.7
80 to 84 years	615	275	335	3.1	2.8	3.3
85 years and over	625	240	385	3.1	2.5	3.8
85 to 89 years	390	140	250	2.0	1.4	2.4
90 to 94 years	190	80	110	1.0	0.8	1.1
95 to 99 years	40	25	20	0.2	0.3	0.2
100 years and over	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	14.9	15.5	14.2	14.9	15.5	14.2
15 to 64 years	61.7	62.8	60.6	61.7	62.8	60.6
65 years and over	23.5	21.7	25.2	23.5	21.7	25.2
85 years and over	3.1	2.5	3.8	3.1	2.5	3.8
Average age of the population	44.2	43.0	45.3	44.2	43.0	45.3
Median age of the population	44.8	42.8	46.4	44.8	42.8	46.4
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	8,560	...	...	100.0	...	...
Single-detached house	5,560	...	...	65.0	...	...
Semi-detached house	470	...	...	5.5	...	...
Row house	535	...	...	6.3	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	230	...	...	2.7	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	1,295	...	...	15.1	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Other single-attached house	45	...	...	0.5	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	430	...	...	5.0	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	8,555	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 person	2,545	...	...	29.7	...	...
2 persons	3,390	...	...	39.6	...	...
3 persons	1,195	...	...	14.0	...	...
4 persons	930	...	...	10.9	...	...
5 or more persons	500	...	...	5.8	...	...
Number of persons in private households	19,335	9,480	9,850	100.0	100.0	100.0
Average household size	2.3	...	...	2.3	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	17,030	8,260	8,775	100.0	100.0	100.0
Married or living common-law	9,765	4,865	4,900	57.3	58.9	55.8
Married	7,795	3,880	3,920	45.8	47.0	44.7
Living common-law	1,965	985	980	11.5	11.9	11.2
Living common law - Never married	1,305	670	640	7.7	8.1	7.3
Living common law - Separated	120	50	65	0.7	0.6	0.7
Living common law - Divorced	470	230	240	2.8	2.8	2.7
Living common law - Widowed	70	30	40	0.4	0.4	0.5
Not married and not living common-law	7,265	3,395	3,875	42.7	41.1	44.2
Not married and not living common law - Never married	4,360	2,425	1,940	25.6	29.4	22.1
Not married and not living common law - Separated	555	255	305	3.3	3.1	3.5
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	1,280	480	800	7.5	5.8	9.1
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	1,070	235	835	6.3	2.8	9.5
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	5,695	...	...	100.0	...	...
2 persons	3,395	...	...	59.6	...	...
3 persons	1,080	...	...	19.0	...	...
4 persons	860	...	...	15.1	...	...
5 or more persons	360	...	...	6.3	...	...
Average size of census families	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.7	...	...	1.7	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	5,695	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total couple families	4,755	...	...	83.5	...	...
Married couples	3,770	...	...	66.2	...	...
With children⁶	1,585	...	...	27.8	...	...
Without children	2,185	...	...	38.4	...	...
Common-law couples	980	...	...	17.2	...	...
With children⁶	355	...	...	6.2	...	...
Without children	630	...	...	11.1	...	...
Total one-parent families	945	...	...	16.6	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	715	...	...	12.6	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	230	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	19,335	9,480	9,850	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total - Persons in census families	15,370	7,615	7,760	79.5	80.3	78.8
Married spouses or common-law partners	9,505	4,750	4,755	49.2	50.1	48.3
Parents in one-parent families	940	230	710	4.9	2.4	7.2
Children⁶	4,925	2,635	2,290	25.5	27.8	23.2
In a two-parent family	3,500	1,905	1,595	18.1	20.1	16.2
In a one-parent family	1,425	730	695	7.4	7.7	7.1
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	3,965	1,870	2,090	20.5	19.7	21.2
Living alone	2,545	1,135	1,410	13.2	12.0	14.3
Living with other relatives⁷	360	160	205	1.9	1.7	2.1
Living with non-relatives only	1,060	580	480	5.5	6.1	4.9
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	8,560	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	5,125	...	...	59.9	...	...
Couple-family households	4,355	...	...	50.9	...	...
With children⁶	1,765	...	...	20.6	...	...
Without children	2,590	...	...	30.3	...	...
One-parent-family households	770	...	...	9.0	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	120	...	...	1.4	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	40	...	...	0.5	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	315	...	...	3.7	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	415	...	...	4.8	...	...
One-person households	2,545	...	...	29.7	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	16,375	7,975	8,400	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	15,970	7,790	8,185	97.5	97.7	97.4
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	41,200	50,400	35,200	41,200	50,400	35,200
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	15,980	7,790	8,190	97.6	97.7	97.5
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	37,600	45,200	32,400	37,600	45,200	32,400
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	14,330	7,170	7,160	87.5	89.9	85.2
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	34,400	44,800	26,200	34,400	44,800	26,200
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	11,200	5,795	5,400	68.4	72.7	64.3
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	37,600	48,000	29,800	37,600	48,000	29,800
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	13,460	6,155	7,295	82.2	77.2	86.8
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	11,500	10,500	12,000	11,500	10,500	12,000
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	1,615	815	805	9.9	10.2	9.6
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,480	5,480	5,520	5,480	5,480	5,520
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	3,685	1,635	2,045	22.5	20.5	24.3
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,000	7,500	8,000	8,000	7,500	8,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	16,340	7,935	8,405	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	15,970	7,755	8,215	97.7	97.7	97.7
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	50,840	61,500	40,760	50,840	61,500	40,760
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	15,980	7,760	8,220	97.8	97.8	97.8
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	43,840	51,650	36,400	43,840	51,650	36,400
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	14,415	7,210	7,200	88.2	90.9	85.7
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	45,080	56,450	33,720	45,080	56,450	33,720
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	11,155	5,775	5,385	68.3	72.8	64.1
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	46,680	57,200	35,440	46,680	57,200	35,440
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	13,445	6,195	7,245	82.3	78.1	86.2
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	12,050	11,310	12,690	12,050	11,310	12,690
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	1,640	810	830	10.0	10.2	9.9
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,590	6,330	6,840	6,590	6,330	6,840
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	3,695	1,675	2,020	22.6	21.1	24.0
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,380	7,730	8,920	8,380	7,730	8,920
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	16,345	7,940	8,405	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	4,935	2,865	2,065	30.2	36.1	24.6
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	62,000	74,500	52,000	62,000	74,500	52,000
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	68,800	76,900	57,600	68,800	76,900	57,600
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	4,780	2,175	2,610	29.2	27.4	31.1
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	21,000	28,200	18,200	21,000	28,200	18,200
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	32,200	42,120	23,900	32,200	42,120	23,900
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	80.0	85.4	72.6	80.0	85.4	72.6
Employment income (%)¹⁹	64.2	69.2	57.0	64.2	69.2	57.0
Government transfers (%)²⁰	20.0	14.7	27.5	20.0	14.7	27.5
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.3	1.1	1.7	1.3	1.1	1.7
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	5.0	3.5	7.1	5.0	3.5	7.1
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	3.8	2.7	5.4	3.8	2.7	5.4
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	16,370	7,970	8,405	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without total income	405	185	215	2.5	2.3	2.6
With total income	15,970	7,785	8,185	97.6	97.7	97.4
Under $10,000 (including loss)	1,190	455	730	7.5	5.8	8.9
$10,000 to $19,999	1,820	655	1,160	11.4	8.4	14.2
$20,000 to $29,999	2,510	965	1,540	15.7	12.4	18.8
$30,000 to $39,999	2,225	935	1,290	13.9	12.0	15.8
$40,000 to $49,999	1,880	835	1,045	11.8	10.7	12.8
$50,000 to $59,999	1,565	745	825	9.8	9.6	10.1
$60,000 to $69,999	1,120	610	515	7.0	7.8	6.3
$70,000 to $79,999	870	555	320	5.4	7.1	3.9
$80,000 to $89,999	650	410	240	4.1	5.3	2.9
$90,000 to $99,999	540	370	170	3.4	4.8	2.1
$100,000 and over	1,605	1,250	355	10.1	16.1	4.3
$100,000 to $149,999	1,235	955	275	7.7	12.3	3.4
$150,000 and over	375	300	80	2.3	3.9	1.0
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	16,370	7,970	8,405	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without after-tax income	390	180	215	2.4	2.3	2.6
With after-tax income	15,980	7,795	8,185	97.6	97.8	97.4
Under $10,000 (including loss)	1,250	480	770	7.8	6.2	9.4
$10,000 to $19,999	1,880	685	1,200	11.8	8.8	14.7
$20,000 to $29,999	2,875	1,135	1,740	18.0	14.6	21.3
$30,000 to $39,999	2,525	1,060	1,470	15.8	13.6	18.0
$40,000 to $49,999	2,120	980	1,140	13.3	12.6	13.9
$50,000 to $59,999	1,575	850	730	9.9	10.9	8.9
$60,000 to $69,999	1,120	700	420	7.0	9.0	5.1
$70,000 to $79,999	815	530	285	5.1	6.8	3.5
$80,000 to $89,999	690	500	195	4.3	6.4	2.4
$90,000 to $99,999	420	320	100	2.6	4.1	1.2
$100,000 and over	705	555	150	4.4	7.1	1.8
$100,000 to $124,999	415	335	85	2.6	4.3	1.0
$125,000 and over	285	225	65	1.8	2.9	0.8
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	16,370	7,970	8,405	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without employment income	5,175	2,175	3,000	31.6	27.3	35.7
With employment income	11,195	5,795	5,405	68.4	72.7	64.3
Under $5,000 (including loss)	1,515	725	785	13.5	12.5	14.5
$5,000 to $9,999	810	330	480	7.2	5.7	8.9
$10,000 to $19,999	1,325	545	775	11.8	9.4	14.3
$20,000 to $29,999	1,140	480	665	10.2	8.3	12.3
$30,000 to $39,999	1,055	440	620	9.4	7.6	11.5
$40,000 to $49,999	1,055	475	580	9.4	8.2	10.7
$50,000 to $59,999	935	425	515	8.4	7.3	9.5
$60,000 to $69,999	635	355	275	5.7	6.1	5.1
$70,000 to $79,999	570	380	190	5.1	6.6	3.5
$80,000 to $89,999	475	320	150	4.2	5.5	2.8
$90,000 to $99,999	445	310	130	4.0	5.3	2.4
$100,000 and over	1,240	1,015	225	11.1	17.5	4.2
$100,000 to $124,999	730	580	150	6.5	10.0	2.8
$125,000 and over	510	430	80	4.6	7.4	1.5
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	16,375	7,975	8,400	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	15,630	7,605	8,025	95.5	95.4	95.5
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	38,400	50,400	31,400	38,400	50,400	31,400
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	15,655	7,605	8,050	95.6	95.4	95.8
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	34,800	44,000	28,800	34,800	44,000	28,800
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	14,260	7,100	7,165	87.1	89.0	85.3
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	34,400	46,000	26,400	34,400	46,000	26,400
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	11,830	6,060	5,765	72.2	76.0	68.6
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	34,800	46,000	27,400	34,800	46,000	27,400
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	11,165	4,765	6,400	68.2	59.7	76.2
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	9,100	9,600	8,800	9,100	9,600	8,800
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	1,300	625	670	7.9	7.8	8.0
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	5,040	5,160	4,880	5,040	5,160	4,880
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	16,340	7,935	8,405	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	15,650	7,595	8,055	95.8	95.7	95.8
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	49,280	61,150	38,040	49,280	61,150	38,040
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	15,660	7,600	8,060	95.8	95.8	95.9
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	41,840	50,680	33,480	41,840	50,680	33,480
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	14,415	7,170	7,250	88.2	90.4	86.3
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	45,680	58,000	33,520	45,680	58,000	33,520
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	11,895	6,085	5,810	72.8	76.7	69.1
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	44,920	56,500	32,760	44,920	56,500	32,760
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	11,295	4,830	6,460	69.1	60.9	76.9
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	9,930	10,060	9,840	9,930	10,060	9,840
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	1,345	670	670	8.2	8.4	8.0
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,620	6,330	6,900	6,620	6,330	6,900
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	16,345	7,940	8,405	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	4,915	2,865	2,050	30.1	36.1	24.4
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	58,400	70,000	48,000	58,400	70,000	48,000
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	66,000	75,600	52,600	66,000	75,600	52,600
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	4,630	2,100	2,530	28.3	26.4	30.1
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	25,600	33,200	21,400	25,600	33,200	21,400
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	36,320	48,640	26,120	36,320	48,640	26,120
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	85.4	89.6	79.2	85.4	89.6	79.2
Employment income (%)	69.4	74.0	62.2	69.4	74.0	62.2
Government transfers (%)	14.6	10.5	20.8	14.6	10.5	20.8
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.2	0.9	1.5	1.2	0.9	1.5
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	8,560	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	80,000	...	...	80,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	72,500	...	...	72,500	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	2,545	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	39,600	...	...	39,600	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	36,000	...	...	36,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	6,010	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	101,000	...	...	101,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	90,000	...	...	90,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	8,545	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	95,000	...	...	95,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	82,000	...	...	82,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	2,535	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	50,080	...	...	50,080	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	43,280	...	...	43,280	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	6,010	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	114,000	...	...	114,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	98,300	...	...	98,300	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	8,560	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	45	...	...	0.5	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	20	...	...	0.2	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	70	...	...	0.8	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	175	...	...	2.0	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	390	...	...	4.6	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	305	...	...	3.6	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	300	...	...	3.5	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	350	...	...	4.1	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	345	...	...	4.0	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	380	...	...	4.4	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	650	...	...	7.6	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	645	...	...	7.5	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	575	...	...	6.7	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	560	...	...	6.5	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	500	...	...	5.8	...	...
$100,000 and over	3,245	...	...	37.9	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,040	...	...	12.1	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	770	...	...	9.0	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	880	...	...	10.3	...	...
$200,000 and over	560	...	...	6.5	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	8,560	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	60	...	...	0.7	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	25	...	...	0.3	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	75	...	...	0.9	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	175	...	...	2.0	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	405	...	...	4.7	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	360	...	...	4.2	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	365	...	...	4.3	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	375	...	...	4.4	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	420	...	...	4.9	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	420	...	...	4.9	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	740	...	...	8.6	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	705	...	...	8.2	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	690	...	...	8.1	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	595	...	...	7.0	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	550	...	...	6.4	...	...
$100,000 and over	2,600	...	...	30.4	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,130	...	...	13.2	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	645	...	...	7.5	...	...
$150,000 and over	825	...	...	9.6	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	5,685	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	101,000	...	...	101,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	90,000	...	...	90,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.8	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	2,675	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	91,000	...	...	91,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	81,000	...	...	81,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	1,960	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	136,000	...	...	136,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	117,000	...	...	117,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	3.9	...	...	3.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	895	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	66,000	...	...	66,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	62,000	...	...	62,000	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	3,605	1,710	1,890	...	...	...
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	36,800	40,800	34,800	36,800	40,800	34,800
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	34,400	36,800	32,400	34,400	36,800	32,400
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	5,685	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	113,100	...	...	113,100	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	97,300	...	...	97,300	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	2,625	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	101,600	...	...	101,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	87,800	...	...	87,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,970	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	147,400	...	...	147,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	124,600	...	...	124,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	885	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	73,800	...	...	73,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	66,400	...	...	66,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	3,600	1,750	1,845	...	...	...
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	46,840	53,850	40,200	46,840	53,850	40,200
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	40,840	45,440	36,480	40,840	45,440	36,480
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	19,335	9,485	9,850	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	3,600	1,840	1,760	18.6	19.4	17.9
0 to 5 years	1,050	540	515	5.4	5.7	5.2
18 to 64 years	11,440	5,655	5,780	59.2	59.6	58.7
65 years and over	4,300	1,990	2,310	22.2	21.0	23.5
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	1,755	745	1,010	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	330	165	170	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	100	50	50	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	855	390	465	...	...	...
65 years and over	570	190	375	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	9.1	7.9	10.2	9.1	7.9	10.2
0 to 17 years (%)	9.2	9.0	9.5	9.2	9.0	9.5
0 to 5 years (%)	9.6	9.2	10.0	9.6	9.2	10.0
18 to 64 years (%)	7.5	6.9	8.0	7.5	6.9	8.0
65 years and over (%)	13.2	9.6	16.3	13.2	9.6	16.3
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	19,335	9,480	9,850	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	3,595	1,835	1,760	18.6	19.4	17.9
0 to 5 years	1,055	540	510	5.5	5.7	5.2
18 to 64 years	11,435	5,655	5,785	59.1	59.7	58.7
65 years and over	4,300	1,995	2,305	22.2	21.0	23.4
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	430	220	215	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	95	40	50	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	25	10	10	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	295	160	135	...	...	...
65 years and over	50	20	30	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	2.2	2.3	2.2	2.2	2.3	2.2
0 to 17 years (%)	2.5	2.3	2.8	2.5	2.3	2.8
0 to 5 years (%)	2.2	2.4	2.0	2.2	2.4	2.0
18 to 64 years (%)	2.6	2.8	2.4	2.6	2.8	2.4
65 years and over (%)	1.1	0.9	1.2	1.1	0.9	1.2
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	19,335	9,485	9,850	100.0	100.0	100.0
In bottom half of the distribution	9,615	4,490	5,125	49.7	47.3	52.0
In bottom decile	1,700	730	970	8.8	7.7	9.8
In second decile	1,840	845	995	9.5	8.9	10.1
In third decile	2,090	995	1,100	10.8	10.5	11.2
In fourth decile	1,965	920	1,045	10.2	9.7	10.6
In fifth decile	2,015	1,000	1,015	10.4	10.5	10.3
In top half of the distribution	9,720	4,990	4,725	50.3	52.6	48.0
In sixth decile	2,155	1,065	1,090	11.1	11.2	11.1
In seventh decile	2,040	1,035	1,010	10.6	10.9	10.3
In eighth decile	1,990	1,035	955	10.3	10.9	9.7
In ninth decile	2,125	1,115	1,005	11.0	11.8	10.2
In top decile	1,410	740	665	7.3	7.8	6.8
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	19,335	...	...	19,335	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.287	...	...	0.287	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.401	...	...	0.401	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.256	...	...	0.256	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.4	...	...	3.4	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	19,480	9,555	9,920	100.0	100.0	100.0
English only	18,600	9,165	9,435	95.5	95.9	95.1
French only	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
English and French	835	380	460	4.3	4.0	4.6
Neither English nor French	40	15	25	0.2	0.2	0.3
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	19,480	9,555	9,920	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	19,265	9,465	9,800	98.9	99.1	98.8
French	170	80	85	0.9	0.8	0.9
English and French	15	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Neither English nor French	30	15	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	19,480	9,555	9,920	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	19,215	9,435	9,775	98.6	98.7	98.5
Official languages	17,970	8,850	9,115	92.2	92.6	91.9
English	17,785	8,770	9,020	91.3	91.8	90.9
French	185	85	95	0.9	0.9	1.0
Non-official languages	1,245	585	665	6.4	6.1	6.7
Indigenous languages³⁹	15	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Algonquian languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	1,235	580	655	6.3	6.1	6.6
Afro-Asiatic languages	10	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	10	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	100	30	70	0.5	0.3	0.7
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Indonesian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	85	20	60	0.4	0.2	0.6
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	20	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	20	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	855	420	435	4.4	4.4	4.4
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	110	50	65	0.6	0.5	0.7
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	110	45	65	0.6	0.5	0.7
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	10	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Macedonian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Russian	35	10	25	0.2	0.1	0.3
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Serbian	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Ukrainian	25	15	15	0.1	0.2	0.2
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	295	130	165	1.5	1.4	1.7
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	195	85	110	1.0	0.9	1.1
German	180	80	105	0.9	0.8	1.1
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	10	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	75	40	40	0.4	0.4	0.4
Afrikaans	30	10	15	0.2	0.1	0.2
Dutch	45	25	20	0.2	0.3	0.2
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	20	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Danish	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	235	135	100	1.2	1.4	1.0
Indo-Aryan languages	230	130	100	1.2	1.4	1.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Hindi	40	25	15	0.2	0.3	0.2
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	165	90	75	0.8	0.9	0.8
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	210	100	105	1.1	1.0	1.1
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	115	55	55	0.6	0.6	0.6
Portuguese	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Romanian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	70	30	35	0.4	0.3	0.4
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	20	5	15	0.1	0.1	0.2
Korean	50	30	20	0.3	0.3	0.2
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	110	45	60	0.6	0.5	0.6
Chinese languages	95	45	50	0.5	0.5	0.5
Hakka	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Mandarin	55	20	30	0.3	0.2	0.3
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	35	15	25	0.2	0.2	0.3
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	10	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Burmese	10	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	10	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Lao	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	30	10	15	0.2	0.1	0.2
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Hungarian	20	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.2
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	265	125	140	1.4	1.3	1.4
English and French	45	20	25	0.2	0.2	0.3
English and non-official language(s)	200	95	105	1.0	1.0	1.1
French and non-official language(s)	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Multiple non-official languages	15	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	19,480	9,555	9,920	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	18,325	9,020	9,305	94.1	94.4	93.8
French	30	15	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Non-official language	185	90	90	0.9	0.9	0.9
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	185	90	90	0.9	0.9	0.9
English and French	80	35	45	0.4	0.4	0.5
English and non-official language(s)	810	375	435	4.2	3.9	4.4
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.2
Multiple non-official languages	25	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	19,480	9,555	9,920	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	19,300	9,475	9,825	99.1	99.2	99.0
Official languages	18,870	9,260	9,610	96.9	96.9	96.9
English	18,825	9,240	9,585	96.6	96.7	96.6
French	40	20	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Non-official languages	435	220	215	2.2	2.3	2.2
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	435	220	215	2.2	2.3	2.2
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	35	15	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.2
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	275	140	135	1.4	1.5	1.4
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	20	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.2
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	20	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.2
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	10	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	25	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	10	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
German	10	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Afrikaans	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	165	85	75	0.8	0.9	0.8
Indo-Aryan languages	160	80	75	0.8	0.8	0.8
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	15	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Hindi	25	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	120	60	55	0.6	0.6	0.6
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	65	35	35	0.3	0.4	0.4
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	25	15	15	0.1	0.2	0.2
Portuguese	10	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	30	15	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Korean	35	25	10	0.2	0.3	0.1
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
American Sign Language	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	55	25	25	0.3	0.3	0.3
Chinese languages	40	20	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	25	15	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Burmese	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	180	85	95	0.9	0.9	1.0
English and French	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
English and non-official language(s)	165	80	85	0.8	0.8	0.9
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	19,480	9,560	9,920	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	18,675	9,190	9,485	95.9	96.1	95.6
English	175	85	90	0.9	0.9	0.9
French	70	25	40	0.4	0.3	0.4
Non-official language	445	200	245	2.3	2.1	2.5
Indigenous³⁹	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Non-Indigenous	430	190	235	2.2	2.0	2.4
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	65	35	25	0.3	0.4	0.3
French and non-official language(s)	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	40	20	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	19,325	9,450	9,875	100.0	100.0	100.0
Official languages	19,265	9,430	9,835	99.7	99.8	99.6
English	19,255	9,425	9,830	99.6	99.7	99.5
French	795	380	410	4.1	4.0	4.2
Non-official languages	1,905	875	1,030	9.9	9.3	10.4
Indigenous languages³⁹	45	20	25	0.2	0.2	0.3
Algonquian languages	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	25	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	1,860	860	1,000	9.6	9.1	10.1
Afro-Asiatic languages	30	20	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	30	20	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	15	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	40	15	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	35	15	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	220	95	120	1.1	1.0	1.2
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	200	90	115	1.0	1.0	1.2
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Creole languages	45	15	25	0.2	0.2	0.3
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	40	10	25	0.2	0.1	0.3
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	25	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.2
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	50	35	20	0.3	0.4	0.2
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	35	30	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	1,140	510	630	5.9	5.4	6.4
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	150	65	85	0.8	0.7	0.9
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	150	65	85	0.8	0.7	0.9
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	25	15	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Russian	70	30	40	0.4	0.3	0.4
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	35	15	25	0.2	0.2	0.3
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Serbian	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	55	25	20	0.3	0.3	0.2
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	390	160	235	2.0	1.7	2.4
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	225	75	150	1.2	0.8	1.5
German	220	75	140	1.1	0.8	1.4
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	155	75	80	0.8	0.8	0.8
Afrikaans	125	50	75	0.6	0.5	0.8
Dutch	45	30	10	0.2	0.3	0.1
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	25	15	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Danish	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	270	140	130	1.4	1.5	1.3
Indo-Aryan languages	265	140	130	1.4	1.5	1.3
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
Hindi	170	90	80	0.9	1.0	0.8
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	230	115	110	1.2	1.2	1.1
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	345	145	195	1.8	1.5	2.0
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	125	60	65	0.6	0.6	0.7
Portuguese	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	215	80	135	1.1	0.8	1.4
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	40	25	15	0.2	0.3	0.2
Korean	35	20	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	25	15	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
American Sign Language	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	215	80	130	1.1	0.8	1.3
Chinese languages	190	80	110	1.0	0.8	1.1
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	130	55	70	0.7	0.6	0.7
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	35	15	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	60	25	40	0.3	0.3	0.4
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	30	0	20	0.2	0.0	0.2
Burmese	30	0	20	0.2	0.0	0.2
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	50	25	25	0.3	0.3	0.3
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	40	25	20	0.2	0.3	0.2
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	19,320	9,445	9,875	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	1,985	985	995	10.3	10.4	10.1
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	1,925	960	965	10.0	10.2	9.8
First Nations (North American Indian)	790	365	425	4.1	3.9	4.3
Métis	1,115	590	525	5.8	6.2	5.3
Inuk (Inuit)	20	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	25	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	40	20	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Non-Indigenous identity	17,335	8,460	8,875	89.7	89.6	89.9
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	19,320	9,445	9,875	100.0	100.0	100.0
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	505	220	285	2.6	2.3	2.9
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	18,815	9,225	9,590	97.4	97.7	97.1
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	8,545	...	...	100.0	...	...
Owner	6,215	...	...	72.7	...	...
Renter	2,325	...	...	27.2	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	8,545	...	...	100.0	...	...
Condominium	850	...	...	9.9	...	...
Not condominium	7,690	...	...	90.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	8,545	...	...	100.0	...	...
No bedrooms	30	...	...	0.4	...	...
1 bedroom	745	...	...	8.7	...	...
2 bedrooms	2,140	...	...	25.0	...	...
3 bedrooms	2,630	...	...	30.8	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	2,990	...	...	35.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	8,545	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	1,985	...	...	23.2	...	...
5 rooms	1,325	...	...	15.5	...	...
6 rooms	1,170	...	...	13.7	...	...
7 rooms	1,170	...	...	13.7	...	...
8 or more rooms	2,895	...	...	33.9	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.6	...	...	6.6	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	8,545	...	...	100.0	...	...
One person or fewer per room	8,495	...	...	99.4	...	...
More than one person per room	45	...	...	0.5	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	8,545	...	...	100.0	...	...
Suitable	8,330	...	...	97.5	...	...
Not suitable	210	...	...	2.5	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	8,545	...	...	100.0	...	...
1960 or before	1,495	...	...	17.5	...	...
1961 to 1980	3,465	...	...	40.6	...	...
1981 to 1990	920	...	...	10.8	...	...
1991 to 2000	1,285	...	...	15.0	...	...
2001 to 2005	275	...	...	3.2	...	...
2006 to 2010	490	...	...	5.7	...	...
2011 to 2015	355	...	...	4.2	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	260	...	...	3.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	8,545	...	...	100.0	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	7,990	...	...	93.5	...	...
Major repairs needed	550	...	...	6.4	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	8,545	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-maintainer household	4,460	...	...	52.2	...	...
Two-maintainer household	3,770	...	...	44.1	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	310	...	...	3.6	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	8,545	...	...	100.0	...	...
15 to 24 years	300	...	...	3.5	...	...
25 to 34 years	1,125	...	...	13.2	...	...
35 to 44 years	1,315	...	...	15.4	...	...
45 to 54 years	1,315	...	...	15.4	...	...
55 to 64 years	1,710	...	...	20.0	...	...
65 to 74 years	1,540	...	...	18.0	...	...
75 to 84 years	915	...	...	10.7	...	...
85 years and over	315	...	...	3.7	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	8,530	...	...	100.0	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	7,215	...	...	84.6	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	1,310	...	...	15.4	...	...
30% to less than 100%	1,220	...	...	14.3	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	8,540	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	1,920	...	...	22.5	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	1,190	...	...	13.9	...	...
Not suitable only	170	...	...	2.0	...	...
Major repairs needed only	405	...	...	4.7	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	110	...	...	1.3	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	30	...	...	0.4	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Acceptable housing	6,625	...	...	77.6	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	8,435	...	...	100.0	...	...
In core need	680	...	...	8.1	...	...
Not in core need	7,750	...	...	91.9	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	6,220	...	...	...	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	56.9	...	...	56.9	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	9.0	...	...	9.0	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	3.4	...	...	3.4	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	960	...	...	960	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,160	...	...	1,160	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	380,000	...	...	380,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	387,200	...	...	387,200	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	2,325	...	...	...	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	14.6	...	...	14.6	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	32.4	...	...	32.4	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	20.9	...	...	20.9	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	970	...	...	970	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,072	...	...	1,072	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	...	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	19,320	9,445	9,870	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	590	305	285	3.1	3.2	2.9
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	575	300	275	3.0	3.2	2.8
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	360	155	205	1.9	1.6	2.1
Métis single ancestry	215	145	65	1.1	1.5	0.7
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	1,525	740	790	7.9	7.8	8.0
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	1,480	710	765	7.7	7.5	7.8
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	815	400	420	4.2	4.2	4.3
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	640	310	330	3.3	3.3	3.3
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	50	30	25	0.3	0.3	0.3
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	50	30	25	0.3	0.3	0.3
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	17,200	8,405	8,800	89.0	89.0	89.2
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	19,320	9,450	9,870	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	18,385	9,010	9,375	95.2	95.3	95.0
Canadian citizens aged under 18	3,485	1,765	1,720	18.0	18.7	17.4
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	14,900	7,245	7,655	77.1	76.7	77.6
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	935	435	495	4.8	4.6	5.0
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	19,320	9,450	9,870	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	17,225	8,455	8,775	89.2	89.5	88.9
Immigrants⁸¹	1,715	810	905	8.9	8.6	9.2
Before 1980	680	345	340	3.5	3.7	3.4
1980 to 1990	150	50	95	0.8	0.5	1.0
1991 to 2000	145	55	95	0.8	0.6	1.0
2001 to 2010	240	120	115	1.2	1.3	1.2
2011 to 2021⁸²	495	240	255	2.6	2.5	2.6
2011 to 2015	200	80	125	1.0	0.8	1.3
2016 to 2021	295	160	135	1.5	1.7	1.4
Non-permanent residents⁸³	375	180	195	1.9	1.9	2.0
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	1,715	815	905	100.0	100.0	100.0
Under 5 years	185	125	60	10.8	15.3	6.6
5 to 14 years	305	135	170	17.8	16.6	18.8
15 to 24 years	355	160	190	20.7	19.6	21.0
25 to 44 years	780	325	450	45.5	39.9	49.7
45 years and over	95	60	45	5.5	7.4	5.0
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	1,715	815	905	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	355	140	220	20.7	17.2	24.3
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
El Salvador	15	0	0	0.9	0.0	0.0
Guyana	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	105	45	60	6.1	5.5	6.6
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	200	70	130	11.7	8.6	14.4
Other places of birth in Americas	15	10	0	0.9	1.2	0.0
Europe	735	365	365	42.9	44.8	40.3
Bosnia and Herzegovina	15	0	15	0.9	0.0	1.7
Croatia	20	10	10	1.2	1.2	1.1
France	15	0	10	0.9	0.0	1.1
Germany	110	35	75	6.4	4.3	8.3
Greece	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	15	10	0	0.9	1.2	0.0
Italy	75	45	25	4.4	5.5	2.8
Netherlands	30	25	0	1.7	3.1	0.0
Poland	10	0	10	0.6	0.0	1.1
Portugal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	10	0	0	0.6	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	55	30	25	3.2	3.7	2.8
United Kingdom⁸⁷	280	150	130	16.3	18.4	14.4
Other places of birth in Europe	85	40	40	5.0	4.9	4.4
Africa	155	75	75	9.0	9.2	8.3
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	25	25	0	1.5	3.1	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	90	35	50	5.2	4.3	5.5
Other places of birth in Africa	30	15	20	1.7	1.8	2.2
Asia	445	210	240	25.9	25.8	26.5
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	50	25	25	2.9	3.1	2.8
Hong Kong⁹¹	15	10	0	0.9	1.2	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	30	15	15	1.7	1.8	1.7
Taiwan	35	15	20	2.0	1.8	2.2
Philippines	175	70	100	10.2	8.6	11.0
Viet Nam	20	0	15	1.2	0.0	1.7
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	45	20	25	2.6	2.5	2.8
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	55	25	30	3.2	3.1	3.3
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	30	20	10	1.7	2.5	1.1
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	295	160	135	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	130	65	65	44.1	40.6	48.1
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	100	45	55	33.9	28.1	40.7
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	25	10	10	8.5	6.3	7.4
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Americas	10	0	0	3.4	0.0	0.0
Europe	20	10	10	6.8	6.3	7.4
France	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	10	10	0	3.4	6.3	0.0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Africa	25	15	10	8.5	9.4	7.4
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asia	110	60	50	37.3	37.5	37.0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	20	10	15	6.8	6.3	11.1
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	90	50	40	30.5	31.3	29.6
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania and other⁹³	10	10	0	3.4	6.3	0.0
Australia	10	10	0	3.4	6.3	0.0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	19,320	9,450	9,875	100.0	100.0	100.0
First generation¹⁰⁰	2,200	1,055	1,145	11.4	11.2	11.6
Second generation¹⁰¹	2,830	1,375	1,455	14.6	14.6	14.7
Third generation or more¹⁰²	14,290	7,015	7,270	74.0	74.2	73.6
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	1,030	460	570	100.0	100.0	100.0
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	610	310	295	59.2	67.4	51.8
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	280	170	105	27.2	37.0	18.4
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	330	140	185	32.0	30.4	32.5
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	365	120	240	35.4	26.1	42.1
Refugees¹⁰⁸	55	25	25	5.3	5.4	4.4
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	10	10	0	1.0	2.2	0.0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	1,030	460	570	100.0	100.0	100.0
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	260	110	145	25.2	23.9	25.4
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	60	10	50	5.8	2.2	8.8
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	85	35	40	8.3	7.6	7.0
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	20	0	20	1.9	0.0	3.5
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	605	295	315	58.7	64.1	55.3
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	19,320	9,445	9,875	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	1,370	675	700	7.1	7.1	7.1
South Asian	365	185	180	1.9	2.0	1.8
Chinese	240	105	140	1.2	1.1	1.4
Black	190	95	95	1.0	1.0	1.0
Filipino	270	120	150	1.4	1.3	1.5
Arab	15	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Latin American	70	25	45	0.4	0.3	0.5
Southeast Asian	115	55	60	0.6	0.6	0.6
West Asian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	30	20	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Japanese	55	45	10	0.3	0.5	0.1
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple visible minorities	20	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	17,945	8,775	9,175	92.9	92.9	92.9
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	19,320	9,450	9,875	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian	2,705	1,340	1,365	14.0	14.2	13.8
English	6,145	2,930	3,220	31.8	31.0	32.6
Irish	3,545	1,595	1,945	18.3	16.9	19.7
Scottish	4,225	2,025	2,200	21.9	21.4	22.3
French, n.o.s.¹²²	2,080	1,020	1,055	10.8	10.8	10.7
German	3,555	1,675	1,880	18.4	17.7	19.0
Chinese	200	95	110	1.0	1.0	1.1
Italian	1,225	645	585	6.3	6.8	5.9
Indian (India)	230	115	120	1.2	1.2	1.2
Ukrainian	1,270	640	635	6.6	6.8	6.4
Dutch	860	460	395	4.5	4.9	4.0
Polish	600	245	355	3.1	2.6	3.6
Québécois	20	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	725	425	305	3.8	4.5	3.1
Filipino	205	75	130	1.1	0.8	1.3
French Canadian	185	85	100	1.0	0.9	1.0
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	340	165	170	1.8	1.7	1.7
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	575	250	325	3.0	2.6	3.3
Métis	920	485	435	4.8	5.1	4.4
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	450	255	190	2.3	2.7	1.9
Russian	665	310	350	3.4	3.3	3.5
Norwegian	1,045	470	580	5.4	5.0	5.9
Welsh	500	220	280	2.6	2.3	2.8
Portuguese	55	25	25	0.3	0.3	0.3
American	340	145	195	1.8	1.5	2.0
Spanish	145	55	90	0.8	0.6	0.9
Swedish	785	370	415	4.1	3.9	4.2
Hungarian	310	140	170	1.6	1.5	1.7
Acadian	25	25	0	0.1	0.3	0.0
Pakistani	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	70	30	40	0.4	0.3	0.4
Jewish	60	35	25	0.3	0.4	0.3
Punjabi	60	40	20	0.3	0.4	0.2
Vietnamese	35	15	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Greek	45	35	10	0.2	0.4	0.1
Jamaican	45	20	30	0.2	0.2	0.3
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	95	50	45	0.5	0.5	0.5
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	165	75	90	0.9	0.8	0.9
Korean	30	15	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Romanian	150	75	75	0.8	0.8	0.8
Lebanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Danish	305	125	180	1.6	1.3	1.8
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	145	90	60	0.8	1.0	0.6
Sikh	40	10	25	0.2	0.1	0.3
Austrian	210	80	130	1.1	0.8	1.3
Belgian	95	40	50	0.5	0.4	0.5
Haitian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindu	35	10	30	0.2	0.1	0.3
Mexican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mennonite	90	35	55	0.5	0.4	0.6
Swiss	75	20	60	0.4	0.2	0.6
Finnish	155	50	110	0.8	0.5	1.1
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	95	55	35	0.5	0.6	0.4
Japanese	65	45	25	0.3	0.5	0.3
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	40	25	15	0.2	0.3	0.2
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	235	105	130	1.2	1.1	1.3
Muslim	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egyptian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	115	75	40	0.6	0.8	0.4
Colombian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moroccan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	90	40	45	0.5	0.4	0.5
Syrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afghan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Ojibway	45	20	25	0.2	0.2	0.3
Newfoundlander	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Hong Konger	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigerian	30	15	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	50	35	15	0.3	0.4	0.2
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	65	30	35	0.3	0.3	0.4
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwanese	70	30	45	0.4	0.3	0.5
Iraqi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquin	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South African	125	65	60	0.6	0.7	0.6
Australian	55	30	25	0.3	0.3	0.3
Palestinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chilean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congolese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	25	15	15	0.1	0.2	0.2
Peruvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovenian	35	15	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	20	15	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Canadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israeli	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	80	30	50	0.4	0.3	0.5
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albertan	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African American	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Tunisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	35	10	20	0.2	0.1	0.2
Cuban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guatemalan	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Indonesian	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Laotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Irish	50	15	35	0.3	0.2	0.4
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
British Columbian	165	70	95	0.9	0.7	1.0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jatt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Dominican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Byelorussian	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Abenaki	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	25	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
New Zealander	30	15	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
Sudanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Breton	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania Dutch	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plains Cree	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gaspesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norman	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Manitoban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Honduran	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cherokee	30	20	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Flemish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Goan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	30	0	20	0.2	0.0	0.2
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamileke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Libyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Basque	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igorot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guinean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maliseet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Beninese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Roma	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tajik	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amhara	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	19,320	9,445	9,875	100.0	100.0	100.0
Buddhist	85	35	55	0.4	0.4	0.6
Christian	7,805	3,475	4,330	40.4	36.8	43.8
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	1,995	970	1,025	10.3	10.3	10.4
Anabaptist	60	30	35	0.3	0.3	0.4
Anglican	540	220	315	2.8	2.3	3.2
Baptist	285	110	170	1.5	1.2	1.7
Catholic	2,460	1,090	1,370	12.7	11.5	13.9
Christian Orthodox	100	55	50	0.5	0.6	0.5
Jehovah's Witness	165	50	110	0.9	0.5	1.1
Latter Day Saints	185	85	105	1.0	0.9	1.1
Lutheran	340	130	210	1.8	1.4	2.1
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	50	20	30	0.3	0.2	0.3
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	190	75	115	1.0	0.8	1.2
Presbyterian	180	75	105	0.9	0.8	1.1
Reformed	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Church	750	345	405	3.9	3.7	4.1
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	510	225	285	2.6	2.4	2.9
Hindu	120	50	75	0.6	0.5	0.8
Jewish	15	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Muslim	45	30	20	0.2	0.3	0.2
Sikh	155	85	70	0.8	0.9	0.7
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	25	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.2
Other religions and spiritual traditions	145	60	85	0.8	0.6	0.9
No religion and secular perspectives	10,930	5,700	5,230	56.6	60.3	53.0
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	19,200	9,385	9,815	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	16,605	8,180	8,430	86.5	87.2	85.9
Movers	2,595	1,210	1,390	13.5	12.9	14.2
Non-migrants	1,595	730	860	8.3	7.8	8.8
Migrants	1,000	475	525	5.2	5.1	5.3
Internal migrants	955	465	490	5.0	5.0	5.0
Intraprovincial migrants	565	255	310	2.9	2.7	3.2
Interprovincial migrants	395	210	185	2.1	2.2	1.9
External migrants	40	10	35	0.2	0.1	0.4
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	18,435	8,995	9,445	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	10,425	5,110	5,315	56.6	56.8	56.3
Movers	8,010	3,885	4,130	43.4	43.2	43.7
Non-migrants	3,520	1,700	1,820	19.1	18.9	19.3
Migrants	4,490	2,185	2,310	24.4	24.3	24.5
Internal migrants	4,060	1,995	2,070	22.0	22.2	21.9
Intraprovincial migrants	2,900	1,400	1,505	15.7	15.6	15.9
Interprovincial migrants	1,165	595	565	6.3	6.6	6.0
External migrants	425	190	235	2.3	2.1	2.5
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	16,340	7,940	8,405	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	2,915	1,550	1,365	17.8	19.5	16.2
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	13,430	6,390	7,040	82.2	80.5	83.8
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	9,895	4,935	4,960	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	1,080	585	495	10.9	11.9	10.0
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	8,820	4,355	4,470	89.1	88.2	90.1
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	16,340	7,935	8,405	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	2,570	1,300	1,270	15.7	16.4	15.1
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	5,515	2,665	2,850	33.8	33.6	33.9
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	8,260	3,975	4,285	50.6	50.1	51.0
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	5,915	2,910	3,005	36.2	36.7	35.8
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	1,715	1,395	320	10.5	17.6	3.8
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	550	300	250	3.4	3.8	3.0
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	1,165	1,095	75	7.1	13.8	0.9
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	3,790	1,375	2,415	23.2	17.3	28.7
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	410	145	265	2.5	1.8	3.2
Bachelor's degree or higher	2,345	1,065	1,280	14.4	13.4	15.2
Bachelor's degree	1,600	720	880	9.8	9.1	10.5
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	115	50	70	0.7	0.6	0.8
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	95	75	15	0.6	0.9	0.2
Master's degree	490	195	295	3.0	2.5	3.5
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	40	20	20	0.2	0.3	0.2
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	9,895	4,940	4,955	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	930	495	435	9.4	10.0	8.8
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	3,165	1,685	1,480	32.0	34.1	29.9
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	5,805	2,755	3,050	58.7	55.8	61.6
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	4,075	2,030	2,045	41.2	41.1	41.3
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	1,145	965	175	11.6	19.5	3.5
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	330	195	140	3.3	3.9	2.8
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	815	770	40	8.2	15.6	0.8
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	2,660	970	1,685	26.9	19.6	34.0
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	275	95	180	2.8	1.9	3.6
Bachelor's degree or higher	1,730	730	1,005	17.5	14.8	20.3
Bachelor's degree	1,210	510	700	12.2	10.3	14.1
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	85	45	45	0.9	0.9	0.9
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	50	40	15	0.5	0.8	0.3
Master's degree	355	125	235	3.6	2.5	4.7
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	25	10	10	0.3	0.2	0.2
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	16,340	7,940	8,405	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	8,080	3,965	4,115	49.4	49.9	49.0
Education	665	130	535	4.1	1.6	6.4
13. Education	665	130	535	4.1	1.6	6.4
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	170	95	70	1.0	1.2	0.8
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	35	30	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
50. Visual and performing arts	135	70	65	0.8	0.9	0.8
Humanities	260	145	110	1.6	1.8	1.3
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
23. English language and literature/letters	45	15	25	0.3	0.2	0.3
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	120	70	55	0.7	0.9	0.7
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	20	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
39. Theology and religious vocations	35	20	10	0.2	0.3	0.1
54. History	30	20	10	0.2	0.3	0.1
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	590	180	410	3.6	2.3	4.9
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	20	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.2
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	50	20	25	0.3	0.3	0.3
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	155	10	140	0.9	0.1	1.7
22. Legal professions and studies	105	15	80	0.6	0.2	1.0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
42. Psychology	100	40	60	0.6	0.5	0.7
45. Social sciences	155	85	70	0.9	1.1	0.8
Business, management and public administration	1,810	620	1,190	11.1	7.8	14.2
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	185	35	145	1.1	0.4	1.7
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	1,620	575	1,040	9.9	7.2	12.4
Physical and life sciences and technologies	255	130	125	1.6	1.6	1.5
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	70	35	40	0.4	0.4	0.5
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	85	35	50	0.5	0.4	0.6
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
40. Physical sciences	80	65	10	0.5	0.8	0.1
41. Science technologies/technicians	20	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.2
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	145	75	70	0.9	0.9	0.8
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	120	70	55	0.7	0.9	0.7
25. Library science	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
27. Mathematics and statistics	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	1,950	1,830	120	11.9	23.0	1.4
04. Architecture and related services	50	30	20	0.3	0.4	0.2
14. Engineering	105	85	25	0.6	1.1	0.3
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	390	350	45	2.4	4.4	0.5
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	580	570	10	3.5	7.2	0.1
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	600	580	20	3.7	7.3	0.2
48. Precision production	225	215	0	1.4	2.7	0.0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	285	195	90	1.7	2.5	1.1
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	60	30	30	0.4	0.4	0.4
03. Natural resources and conservation	225	170	55	1.4	2.1	0.7
Health and related fields	1,575	260	1,310	9.6	3.3	15.6
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	140	65	75	0.9	0.8	0.9
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	1,375	160	1,215	8.4	2.0	14.5
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	50	40	15	0.3	0.5	0.2
Personal, protective and transportation services	560	310	250	3.4	3.9	3.0
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	315	95	220	1.9	1.2	2.6
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	95	65	30	0.6	0.8	0.4
49. Transportation and materials moving	140	140	0	0.9	1.8	0.0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	9,900	4,940	4,960	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	4,095	2,180	1,915	41.4	44.1	38.6
Education	435	75	360	4.4	1.5	7.3
13. Education	435	75	360	4.4	1.5	7.3
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	120	85	35	1.2	1.7	0.7
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	30	30	0	0.3	0.6	0.0
50. Visual and performing arts	90	60	30	0.9	1.2	0.6
Humanities	195	110	85	2.0	2.2	1.7
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
23. English language and literature/letters	40	15	25	0.4	0.3	0.5
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	85	50	40	0.9	1.0	0.8
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	15	15	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
39. Theology and religious vocations	25	15	10	0.3	0.3	0.2
54. History	20	15	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	460	110	345	4.6	2.2	7.0
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	15	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.3
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	40	20	20	0.4	0.4	0.4
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	125	10	115	1.3	0.2	2.3
22. Legal professions and studies	90	15	75	0.9	0.3	1.5
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	15	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
42. Psychology	65	15	45	0.7	0.3	0.9
45. Social sciences	110	50	60	1.1	1.0	1.2
Business, management and public administration	1,295	445	850	13.1	9.0	17.1
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	155	30	125	1.6	0.6	2.5
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	1,140	415	725	11.5	8.4	14.6
Physical and life sciences and technologies	150	70	80	1.5	1.4	1.6
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	50	15	35	0.5	0.3	0.7
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	45	20	25	0.5	0.4	0.5
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
40. Physical sciences	40	35	10	0.4	0.7	0.2
41. Science technologies/technicians	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	125	65	65	1.3	1.3	1.3
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	115	60	55	1.2	1.2	1.1
25. Library science	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	1,345	1,265	75	13.6	25.6	1.5
04. Architecture and related services	40	20	20	0.4	0.4	0.4
14. Engineering	80	65	15	0.8	1.3	0.3
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	250	230	20	2.5	4.7	0.4
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	405	405	0	4.1	8.2	0.0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	405	390	10	4.1	7.9	0.2
48. Precision production	160	160	0	1.6	3.2	0.0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	210	140	70	2.1	2.8	1.4
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	45	15	30	0.5	0.3	0.6
03. Natural resources and conservation	165	125	45	1.7	2.5	0.9
Health and related fields	1,090	190	900	11.0	3.8	18.1
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	110	55	55	1.1	1.1	1.1
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	940	110	830	9.5	2.2	16.7
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	35	20	15	0.4	0.4	0.3
Personal, protective and transportation services	375	205	170	3.8	4.1	3.4
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	195	55	140	2.0	1.1	2.8
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	85	50	30	0.9	1.0	0.6
49. Transportation and materials moving	100	100	0	1.0	2.0	0.0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	9,900	4,940	4,960	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	4,095	2,180	1,915	41.4	44.1	38.6
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	5,805	2,760	3,050	58.6	55.9	61.5
Location of study inside Canada	5,185	2,470	2,710	52.4	50.0	54.6
Same as province or territory of residence	3,535	1,625	1,910	35.7	32.9	38.5
Different than province or territory of residence	1,650	850	800	16.7	17.2	16.1
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	620	285	330	6.3	5.8	6.7
Americas	155	55	100	1.6	1.1	2.0
United States of America	140	45	95	1.4	0.9	1.9
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peru	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Europe	90	50	35	0.9	1.0	0.7
Belgium	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germany	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Netherlands	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Switzerland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	20	15	15	0.2	0.3	0.3
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	40	40	0	0.4	0.8	0.0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Europe	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Africa	75	35	40	0.8	0.7	0.8
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	50	20	30	0.5	0.4	0.6
Other locations of study in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asia	280	125	155	2.8	2.5	3.1
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwan	30	20	10	0.3	0.4	0.2
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	15	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Philippines	105	40	65	1.1	0.8	1.3
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	115	55	60	1.2	1.1	1.2
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania	20	15	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
Australia	20	15	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
New Zealand	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	16,340	7,935	8,405	...	...	...
In the labour force	10,105	5,175	4,930	...	...	...
Employed	9,360	4,810	4,550	...	...	...
Unemployed	750	365	385	...	...	...
Not in the labour force	6,235	2,760	3,475	...	...	...
Participation rate	61.8	65.2	58.7	61.8	65.2	58.7
Employment rate	57.3	60.6	54.1	57.3	60.6	54.1
Unemployment rate	7.4	7.1	7.8	7.4	7.1	7.8
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	16,340	7,940	8,405	100.0	100.0	100.0
Did not work¹⁸⁶	6,280	2,735	3,545	38.4	34.4	42.2
Worked	10,065	5,200	4,860	61.6	65.5	57.8
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	5,005	2,915	2,090	30.6	36.7	24.9
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	5,050	2,285	2,770	30.9	28.8	33.0
Average weeks worked in reference year	41.6	42.3	40.8	41.6	42.3	40.8
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	10,110	5,180	4,930	100.0	100.0	100.0
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	195	85	110	1.9	1.6	2.2
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	9,915	5,095	4,820	98.1	98.4	97.8
Employee	8,775	4,455	4,315	86.8	86.0	87.5
Permanent position	7,540	3,930	3,605	74.6	75.9	73.1
Temporary position	1,230	525	705	12.2	10.1	14.3
Fixed term (1 year or more)	270	105	165	2.7	2.0	3.3
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	960	415	545	9.5	8.0	11.1
Self-employed¹⁹²	1,140	635	505	11.3	12.3	10.2
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	10,110	5,180	4,930	100.0	100.0	100.0
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	195	85	110	1.9	1.6	2.2
All occupations¹⁹¹	9,915	5,095	4,820	98.1	98.4	97.8
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	75	40	40	0.7	0.8	0.8
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	1,415	360	1,055	14.0	6.9	21.4
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	450	355	90	4.5	6.9	1.8
3 Health occupations	835	130	705	8.3	2.5	14.3
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	1,075	370	705	10.6	7.1	14.3
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	270	105	165	2.7	2.0	3.3
6 Sales and service occupations	2,905	1,110	1,790	28.7	21.4	36.3
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	2,285	2,100	185	22.6	40.5	3.8
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	330	275	60	3.3	5.3	1.2
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	275	250	30	2.7	4.8	0.6
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	10,110	5,180	4,930	100.0	100.0	100.0
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	195	85	110	1.9	1.6	2.2
All industries¹⁹¹	9,915	5,095	4,820	98.1	98.4	97.8
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	110	90	25	1.1	1.7	0.5
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	495	475	20	4.9	9.2	0.4
22 Utilities	40	30	10	0.4	0.6	0.2
23 Construction	830	705	130	8.2	13.6	2.6
31-33 Manufacturing	465	370	90	4.6	7.1	1.8
41 Wholesale trade	260	215	45	2.6	4.2	0.9
44-45 Retail trade	1,710	740	970	16.9	14.3	19.7
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	535	430	105	5.3	8.3	2.1
51 Information and cultural industries	135	90	45	1.3	1.7	0.9
52 Finance and insurance	305	95	210	3.0	1.8	4.3
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	120	60	65	1.2	1.2	1.3
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	410	205	205	4.1	4.0	4.2
55 Management of companies and enterprises	20	15	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	380	220	155	3.8	4.2	3.1
61 Educational services	670	190	480	6.6	3.7	9.7
62 Health care and social assistance	1,425	250	1,175	14.1	4.8	23.8
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	215	95	115	2.1	1.8	2.3
72 Accommodation and food services	770	275	495	7.6	5.3	10.0
81 Other services (except public administration)	490	240	250	4.8	4.6	5.1
91 Public administration	530	295	235	5.2	5.7	4.8
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	10,880	5,555	5,330	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	10,745	5,525	5,220	98.8	99.5	97.9
French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-official language	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
English and French	45	0	40	0.4	0.0	0.8
English and non-official language(s)	85	20	60	0.8	0.4	1.1
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	10,880	5,555	5,330	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	10,880	5,555	5,330	100.0	100.0	100.0
Official languages	10,870	5,550	5,325	99.9	99.9	99.9
English	10,870	5,550	5,325	99.9	99.9	99.9
French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-official languages	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	10,880	5,555	5,330	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	10,755	5,530	5,230	98.9	99.5	98.1
English	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French	45	0	40	0.4	0.0	0.8
Non-official language	80	15	60	0.7	0.3	1.1
Indigenous³⁹	40	10	35	0.4	0.2	0.7
Non-Indigenous	35	10	25	0.3	0.2	0.5
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	9,360	4,815	4,550	100.0	100.0	100.0
Worked at home	840	335	505	9.0	7.0	11.1
Worked outside Canada	30	20	10	0.3	0.4	0.2
No fixed workplace address	1,490	1,150	340	15.9	23.9	7.5
Usual place of work	7,000	3,305	3,690	74.8	68.6	81.1
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	7,000	3,305	3,690	100.0	100.0	100.0
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	5,465	2,225	3,235	78.1	67.3	87.7
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	1,050	790	260	15.0	23.9	7.0
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	75	60	15	1.1	1.8	0.4
Commute to a different province or territory	410	220	190	5.9	6.7	5.1
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	8,490	4,455	4,035	100.0	100.0	100.0
Car, truck or van	7,395	3,995	3,395	87.1	89.7	84.1
Car, truck or van - as a driver	6,735	3,670	3,065	79.3	82.4	76.0
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	660	325	335	7.8	7.3	8.3
Public transit	70	45	25	0.8	1.0	0.6
Walked	775	290	485	9.1	6.5	12.0
Bicycle	90	50	40	1.1	1.1	1.0
Other method	160	75	85	1.9	1.7	2.1
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	8,490	4,455	4,035	100.0	100.0	100.0
Less than 15 minutes	5,745	2,630	3,115	67.7	59.0	77.2
15 to 29 minutes	1,310	705	605	15.4	15.8	15.0
30 to 44 minutes	535	345	190	6.3	7.7	4.7
45 to 59 minutes	285	230	55	3.4	5.2	1.4
60 minutes and over	615	550	70	7.2	12.3	1.7
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	8,490	4,455	4,035	100.0	100.0	100.0
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	575	430	145	6.8	9.7	3.6
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	1,205	740	465	14.2	16.6	11.5
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	2,020	1,200	815	23.8	26.9	20.2
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	2,220	880	1,340	26.1	19.8	33.2
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	1,180	445	740	13.9	10.0	18.3
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	1,295	770	530	15.3	17.3	13.1
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	3,680	1,880	1,800	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	155	80	75	4.2	4.3	4.2
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	3,530	1,800	1,725	95.9	95.7	95.8
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	2,750	1,400	1,350	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	120	70	55	4.4	5.0	4.1
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	45	25	20	1.6	1.8	1.5
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	75	40	35	2.7	2.9	2.6
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	2,630	1,335	1,295	95.6	95.4	95.9

Symbol legend

...
not applicable
^r
revised

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 30, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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