Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	CharlottetownMore information: Prince Edward Island [Population centre]
	Counts			Rates
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	52,390	...	...	...	...	...
Population, 2016¹	48,054^r	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	9.0	...	...	9.0	...	...
Total private dwellings²	24,116	...	...	...	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	22,617	...	...	...	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	910.2	...	...	910.2	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	57.56	...	...	...	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	52,390	25,180	27,205	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	7,630	3,905	3,725	14.6	15.5	13.7
0 to 4 years	2,195	1,130	1,065	4.2	4.5	3.9
5 to 9 years	2,550	1,320	1,230	4.9	5.2	4.5
10 to 14 years	2,885	1,455	1,435	5.5	5.8	5.3
15 to 64 years	34,230	16,755	17,475	65.3	66.5	64.2
15 to 19 years	2,925	1,495	1,435	5.6	5.9	5.3
20 to 24 years	5,045	2,675	2,370	9.6	10.6	8.7
25 to 29 years	3,890	2,040	1,855	7.4	8.1	6.8
30 to 34 years	3,325	1,610	1,715	6.3	6.4	6.3
35 to 39 years	3,145	1,520	1,630	6.0	6.0	6.0
40 to 44 years	3,155	1,425	1,725	6.0	5.7	6.3
45 to 49 years	3,205	1,525	1,680	6.1	6.1	6.2
50 to 54 years	3,145	1,490	1,660	6.0	5.9	6.1
55 to 59 years	3,290	1,565	1,725	6.3	6.2	6.3
60 to 64 years	3,095	1,420	1,685	5.9	5.6	6.2
65 years and over	10,530	4,520	6,005	20.1	18.0	22.1
65 to 69 years	3,080	1,440	1,645	5.9	5.7	6.0
70 to 74 years	2,825	1,275	1,545	5.4	5.1	5.7
75 to 79 years	1,870	805	1,070	3.6	3.2	3.9
80 to 84 years	1,330	535	795	2.5	2.1	2.9
85 years and over	1,425	475	960	2.7	1.9	3.5
85 to 89 years	830	305	530	1.6	1.2	1.9
90 to 94 years	435	135	300	0.8	0.5	1.1
95 to 99 years	145	30	115	0.3	0.1	0.4
100 years and over	20	5	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	14.6	15.5	13.7	14.6	15.5	13.7
15 to 64 years	65.3	66.5	64.2	65.3	66.5	64.2
65 years and over	20.1	18.0	22.1	20.1	18.0	22.1
85 years and over	2.7	1.9	3.5	2.7	1.9	3.5
Average age of the population	41.8	40.1	43.3	41.8	40.1	43.3
Median age of the population	40.4	38.0	42.4	40.4	38.0	42.4
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	22,615	...	...	100.0	...	...
Single-detached house	10,730	...	...	47.4	...	...
Semi-detached house	2,020	...	...	8.9	...	...
Row house	950	...	...	4.2	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	620	...	...	2.7	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	7,760	...	...	34.3	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	85	...	...	0.4	...	...
Other single-attached house	25	...	...	0.1	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	425	...	...	1.9	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	22,620	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 person	7,445	...	...	32.9	...	...
2 persons	7,795	...	...	34.5	...	...
3 persons	3,385	...	...	15.0	...	...
4 persons	2,665	...	...	11.8	...	...
5 or more persons	1,330	...	...	5.9	...	...
Number of persons in private households	51,085	24,635	26,450	100.0	100.0	100.0
Average household size	2.3	...	...	2.3	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	44,760	21,275	23,480	100.0	100.0	100.0
Married or living common-law	23,145	11,530	11,620	51.7	54.2	49.5
Married	18,885	9,410	9,480	42.2	44.2	40.4
Living common-law	4,265	2,120	2,140	9.5	10.0	9.1
Living common law - Never married	3,285	1,615	1,670	7.3	7.6	7.1
Living common law - Separated	160	95	70	0.4	0.4	0.3
Living common law - Divorced	725	380	340	1.6	1.8	1.4
Living common law - Widowed	95	35	55	0.2	0.2	0.2
Not married and not living common-law	21,610	9,750	11,860	48.3	45.8	50.5
Not married and not living common law - Never married	14,925	7,800	7,125	33.3	36.7	30.3
Not married and not living common law - Separated	1,205	470	740	2.7	2.2	3.2
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	2,685	900	1,785	6.0	4.2	7.6
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	2,790	575	2,210	6.2	2.7	9.4
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	13,560	...	...	100.0	...	...
2 persons	7,345	...	...	54.2	...	...
3 persons	2,880	...	...	21.2	...	...
4 persons	2,345	...	...	17.3	...	...
5 or more persons	985	...	...	7.3	...	...
Average size of census families	2.8	...	...	2.8	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.7	...	...	1.7	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	13,560	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total couple families	11,205	...	...	82.6	...	...
Married couples	9,080	...	...	67.0	...	...
With children⁶	4,650	...	...	34.3	...	...
Without children	4,425	...	...	32.6	...	...
Common-law couples	2,130	...	...	15.7	...	...
With children⁶	705	...	...	5.2	...	...
Without children	1,425	...	...	10.5	...	...
Total one-parent families	2,355	...	...	17.4	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	1,870	...	...	13.8	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	485	...	...	3.6	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	51,085	24,635	26,450	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total - Persons in census families	37,995	18,625	19,370	74.4	75.6	73.2
Married spouses or common-law partners	22,410	11,170	11,240	43.9	45.3	42.5
Parents in one-parent families	2,355	485	1,870	4.6	2.0	7.1
Children⁶	13,225	6,970	6,255	25.9	28.3	23.6
In a two-parent family	9,745	5,100	4,650	19.1	20.7	17.6
In a one-parent family	3,480	1,875	1,610	6.8	7.6	6.1
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	13,095	6,015	7,080	25.6	24.4	26.8
Living alone	7,440	2,905	4,540	14.6	11.8	17.2
Living with other relatives⁷	1,125	470	650	2.2	1.9	2.5
Living with non-relatives only	4,525	2,635	1,890	8.9	10.7	7.1
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	22,620	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	12,365	...	...	54.7	...	...
Couple-family households	10,405	...	...	46.0	...	...
With children⁶	5,010	...	...	22.1	...	...
Without children	5,400	...	...	23.9	...	...
One-parent-family households	1,960	...	...	8.7	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	290	...	...	1.3	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	85	...	...	0.4	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	595	...	...	2.6	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	1,840	...	...	8.1	...	...
One-person households	7,445	...	...	32.9	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	43,470	20,735	22,735	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	41,595	19,780	21,815	95.7	95.4	96.0
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	38,000	40,400	36,400	38,000	40,400	36,400
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	41,620	19,795	21,825	95.7	95.5	96.0
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	34,000	35,600	32,800	34,000	35,600	32,800
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	37,895	18,315	19,580	87.2	88.3	86.1
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	31,400	34,800	28,200	31,400	34,800	28,200
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	30,850	15,445	15,405	71.0	74.5	67.8
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	31,400	33,200	29,600	31,400	33,200	29,600
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	33,430	14,915	18,520	76.9	71.9	81.5
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	11,200	10,800	11,600	11,200	10,800	11,600
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	6,130	3,055	3,075	14.1	14.7	13.5
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,880	6,000	5,480	5,880	6,000	5,480
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	11,640	5,720	5,915	26.8	27.6	26.0
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	43,380	20,720	22,655	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	41,530	19,770	21,760	95.7	95.4	96.0
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	47,960	52,050	44,240	47,960	52,050	44,240
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	41,560	19,790	21,770	95.8	95.5	96.1
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	39,800	42,560	37,320	39,800	42,560	37,320
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	37,925	18,285	19,635	87.4	88.2	86.7
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	42,160	47,160	37,560	42,160	47,160	37,560
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	30,755	15,380	15,375	70.9	74.2	67.9
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	41,440	44,680	38,200	41,440	44,680	38,200
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	33,525	14,960	18,565	77.3	72.2	81.9
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	11,680	11,120	12,130	11,680	11,120	12,130
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	6,135	2,975	3,160	14.1	14.4	13.9
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,850	7,140	6,590	6,850	7,140	6,590
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	11,615	5,755	5,865	26.8	27.8	25.9
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,590	8,610	8,570	8,590	8,610	8,570
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	43,375	20,720	22,655	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	14,675	7,620	7,050	33.8	36.8	31.1
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	54,800	57,200	52,400	54,800	57,200	52,400
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	64,200	68,100	59,900	64,200	68,100	59,900
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	12,485	5,990	6,490	28.8	28.9	28.6
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	15,000	15,900	14,000	15,000	15,900	14,000
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	21,640	22,880	20,520	21,640	22,880	20,520
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	80.4	83.8	76.6	80.4	83.8	76.6
Employment income (%)¹⁹	64.0	66.8	61.0	64.0	66.8	61.0
Government transfers (%)²⁰	19.7	16.2	23.4	19.7	16.2	23.4
Employment insurance benefits (%)	2.1	2.1	2.2	2.1	2.1	2.2
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	5.9	5.5	6.3	5.9	5.5	6.3
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	5.0	4.8	5.2	5.0	4.8	5.2
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	43,470	20,735	22,730	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without total income	1,875	955	915	4.3	4.6	4.0
With total income	41,595	19,785	21,810	95.7	95.4	96.0
Under $10,000 (including loss)	3,225	1,430	1,790	7.8	7.2	8.2
$10,000 to $19,999	4,625	1,980	2,640	11.1	10.0	12.1
$20,000 to $29,999	7,355	3,205	4,150	17.7	16.2	19.0
$30,000 to $39,999	6,660	3,150	3,515	16.0	15.9	16.1
$40,000 to $49,999	5,005	2,310	2,695	12.0	11.7	12.4
$50,000 to $59,999	4,085	1,900	2,180	9.8	9.6	10.0
$60,000 to $69,999	2,940	1,520	1,415	7.1	7.7	6.5
$70,000 to $79,999	2,065	1,110	955	5.0	5.6	4.4
$80,000 to $89,999	1,605	830	780	3.9	4.2	3.6
$90,000 to $99,999	1,165	535	630	2.8	2.7	2.9
$100,000 and over	2,870	1,810	1,060	6.9	9.1	4.9
$100,000 to $149,999	1,935	1,160	770	4.7	5.9	3.5
$150,000 and over	935	645	290	2.2	3.3	1.3
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	43,470	20,735	22,730	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without after-tax income	1,845	940	905	4.2	4.5	4.0
With after-tax income	41,620	19,795	21,830	95.7	95.5	96.0
Under $10,000 (including loss)	3,455	1,500	1,955	8.3	7.6	9.0
$10,000 to $19,999	4,950	2,150	2,800	11.9	10.9	12.8
$20,000 to $29,999	8,940	4,020	4,920	21.5	20.3	22.5
$30,000 to $39,999	7,760	3,685	4,075	18.6	18.6	18.7
$40,000 to $49,999	5,620	2,600	3,015	13.5	13.1	13.8
$50,000 to $59,999	3,980	2,030	1,950	9.6	10.3	8.9
$60,000 to $69,999	2,560	1,305	1,250	6.2	6.6	5.7
$70,000 to $79,999	1,685	845	845	4.0	4.3	3.9
$80,000 to $89,999	885	485	400	2.1	2.5	1.8
$90,000 to $99,999	495	290	200	1.2	1.5	0.9
$100,000 and over	1,300	885	415	3.1	4.5	1.9
$100,000 to $124,999	630	410	225	1.5	2.1	1.0
$125,000 and over	665	470	190	1.6	2.4	0.9
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	43,470	20,735	22,730	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without employment income	12,615	5,290	7,325	29.0	25.5	32.2
With employment income	30,855	15,450	15,405	71.0	74.5	67.8
Under $5,000 (including loss)	4,015	1,835	2,185	13.0	11.9	14.2
$5,000 to $9,999	2,945	1,330	1,615	9.5	8.6	10.5
$10,000 to $19,999	4,480	2,220	2,260	14.5	14.4	14.7
$20,000 to $29,999	3,485	1,775	1,705	11.3	11.5	11.1
$30,000 to $39,999	3,315	1,640	1,675	10.7	10.6	10.9
$40,000 to $49,999	2,815	1,395	1,420	9.1	9.0	9.2
$50,000 to $59,999	2,435	1,195	1,245	7.9	7.7	8.1
$60,000 to $69,999	1,815	990	825	5.9	6.4	5.4
$70,000 to $79,999	1,410	745	660	4.6	4.8	4.3
$80,000 to $89,999	1,205	565	640	3.9	3.7	4.2
$90,000 to $99,999	910	445	470	2.9	2.9	3.1
$100,000 and over	2,025	1,320	705	6.6	8.5	4.6
$100,000 to $124,999	970	590	380	3.1	3.8	2.5
$125,000 and over	1,055	725	330	3.4	4.7	2.1
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	43,470	20,735	22,735	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	40,770	19,370	21,400	93.8	93.4	94.1
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	35,200	38,000	32,800	35,200	38,000	32,800
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	40,795	19,375	21,425	93.8	93.4	94.2
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	31,400	33,200	29,800	31,400	33,200	29,800
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	37,425	18,060	19,365	86.1	87.1	85.2
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	31,000	34,400	28,200	31,000	34,400	28,200
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	30,995	15,490	15,505	71.3	74.7	68.2
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	30,200	32,000	28,800	30,200	32,000	28,800
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	29,530	12,820	16,710	67.9	61.8	73.5
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	7,100	6,040	7,650	7,100	6,040	7,650
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	5,210	2,670	2,540	12.0	12.9	11.2
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,160	6,750	5,600	6,160	6,750	5,600
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	43,380	20,720	22,655	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	40,705	19,380	21,325	93.8	93.5	94.1
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	44,880	49,040	41,040	44,880	49,040	41,040
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	40,730	19,380	21,350	93.9	93.5	94.2
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	37,200	40,120	34,560	37,200	40,120	34,560
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	37,350	18,050	19,300	86.1	87.1	85.2
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	41,920	46,880	37,240	41,920	46,880	37,240
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	30,870	15,460	15,410	71.2	74.6	68.0
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	40,920	44,200	37,640	40,920	44,200	37,640
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	29,410	12,780	16,630	67.8	61.7	73.4
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	8,880	8,180	9,420	8,880	8,180	9,420
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	5,045	2,475	2,565	11.6	11.9	11.3
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	7,470	7,550	7,400	7,470	7,550	7,400
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	43,375	20,720	22,655	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	14,535	7,565	6,965	33.5	36.5	30.7
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	51,600	54,000	49,600	51,600	54,000	49,600
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	60,250	64,100	56,000	60,250	64,100	56,000
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	11,715	5,670	6,040	27.0	27.4	26.7
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	17,800	18,200	17,200	17,800	18,200	17,200
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	25,560	27,200	24,020	25,560	27,200	24,020
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	85.6	89.0	82.2	85.6	89.0	82.2
Employment income (%)	69.2	71.8	66.2	69.2	71.8	66.2
Government transfers (%)	14.3	11.0	17.9	14.3	11.0	17.9
Employment insurance benefits (%)	2.1	2.0	2.2	2.1	2.0	2.2
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	22,620	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	70,500	...	...	70,500	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	61,600	...	...	61,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	7,445	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	38,000	...	...	38,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	34,000	...	...	34,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	15,175	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	93,000	...	...	93,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	80,000	...	...	80,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	22,625	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	88,000	...	...	88,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	73,100	...	...	73,100	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	7,450	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	45,000	...	...	45,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	37,880	...	...	37,880	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	15,175	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	109,100	...	...	109,100	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	90,400	...	...	90,400	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	22,620	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	320	...	...	1.4	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	165	...	...	0.7	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	380	...	...	1.7	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	510	...	...	2.3	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	1,245	...	...	5.5	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	905	...	...	4.0	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	945	...	...	4.2	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	970	...	...	4.3	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	1,040	...	...	4.6	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	960	...	...	4.2	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	1,985	...	...	8.8	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	1,795	...	...	7.9	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	1,570	...	...	6.9	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	1,435	...	...	6.3	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	1,275	...	...	5.6	...	...
$100,000 and over	7,125	...	...	31.5	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	2,395	...	...	10.6	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,625	...	...	7.2	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	1,775	...	...	7.8	...	...
$200,000 and over	1,330	...	...	5.9	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	22,620	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	345	...	...	1.5	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	170	...	...	0.8	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	395	...	...	1.7	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	540	...	...	2.4	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	1,380	...	...	6.1	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	1,125	...	...	5.0	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	1,125	...	...	5.0	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	1,225	...	...	5.4	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	1,250	...	...	5.5	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	1,160	...	...	5.1	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	2,255	...	...	10.0	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	1,990	...	...	8.8	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	1,745	...	...	7.7	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	1,510	...	...	6.7	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	1,240	...	...	5.5	...	...
$100,000 and over	5,160	...	...	22.8	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	2,245	...	...	9.9	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,275	...	...	5.6	...	...
$150,000 and over	1,640	...	...	7.3	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	13,680	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	94,000	...	...	94,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	80,000	...	...	80,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.9	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	5,580	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	88,000	...	...	88,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	75,000	...	...	75,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	5,385	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	123,000	...	...	123,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	104,000	...	...	104,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	3.9	...	...	3.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	2,240	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	61,200	...	...	61,200	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	56,000	...	...	56,000	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	11,970	5,540	6,430	...	...	...
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	33,600	33,200	33,600	33,600	33,200	33,600
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	30,600	30,400	30,800	30,600	30,400	30,800
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	13,705	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	110,500	...	...	110,500	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	91,000	...	...	91,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	5,555	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	102,200	...	...	102,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	83,700	...	...	83,700	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	5,320	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	139,000	...	...	139,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	112,900	...	...	112,900	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	2,300	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	71,200	...	...	71,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	62,350	...	...	62,350	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	11,910	5,490	6,425	...	...	...
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	39,960	39,560	40,320	39,960	39,560	40,320
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	34,200	33,720	34,640	34,200	33,720	34,640
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	51,085	24,640	26,445	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	9,295	4,760	4,535	18.2	19.3	17.1
0 to 5 years	2,630	1,350	1,275	5.1	5.5	4.8
18 to 64 years	32,215	15,675	16,535	63.1	63.6	62.5
65 years and over	9,580	4,200	5,380	18.8	17.0	20.3
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	7,900	3,575	4,325	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	1,770	945	825	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	485	260	225	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	4,530	2,075	2,455	...	...	...
65 years and over	1,600	560	1,045	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	15.5	14.5	16.3	15.5	14.5	16.3
0 to 17 years (%)	19.1	19.8	18.3	19.1	19.8	18.3
0 to 5 years (%)	18.5	19.2	17.6	18.5	19.2	17.6
18 to 64 years (%)	14.1	13.2	14.8	14.1	13.2	14.8
65 years and over (%)	16.7	13.3	19.4	16.7	13.3	19.4
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	51,085	24,635	26,450	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	9,295	4,760	4,535	18.2	19.3	17.1
0 to 5 years	2,630	1,355	1,280	5.1	5.5	4.8
18 to 64 years	32,210	15,675	16,535	63.1	63.6	62.5
65 years and over	9,580	4,200	5,375	18.8	17.0	20.3
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	3,615	1,780	1,835	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	680	360	320	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	180	100	85	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	2,770	1,345	1,420	...	...	...
65 years and over	165	70	90	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	7.1	7.2	6.9	7.1	7.2	6.9
0 to 17 years (%)	7.3	7.6	7.1	7.3	7.6	7.1
0 to 5 years (%)	6.8	7.2	6.3	6.8	7.2	6.3
18 to 64 years (%)	8.6	8.6	8.6	8.6	8.6	8.6
65 years and over (%)	1.7	1.7	1.7	1.7	1.7	1.7
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	51,085	24,640	26,450	100.0	100.0	100.0
In bottom half of the distribution	30,900	14,710	16,190	60.5	59.7	61.2
In bottom decile	7,630	3,620	4,000	14.9	14.7	15.1
In second decile	6,850	3,230	3,620	13.4	13.1	13.7
In third decile	5,910	2,795	3,115	11.6	11.3	11.8
In fourth decile	5,415	2,565	2,850	10.6	10.4	10.8
In fifth decile	5,105	2,490	2,610	10.0	10.1	9.9
In top half of the distribution	20,185	9,930	10,260	39.5	40.3	38.8
In sixth decile	4,860	2,385	2,480	9.5	9.7	9.4
In seventh decile	4,560	2,190	2,370	8.9	8.9	9.0
In eighth decile	4,120	2,045	2,075	8.1	8.3	7.8
In ninth decile	3,530	1,735	1,795	6.9	7.0	6.8
In top decile	3,115	1,575	1,545	6.1	6.4	5.8
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	51,085	...	...	51,085	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.337	...	...	0.337	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.449	...	...	0.449	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.295	...	...	0.295	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.8	...	...	3.8	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	51,345	24,805	26,540	100.0	100.0	100.0
English only	43,540	21,490	22,050	84.8	86.6	83.1
French only	45	20	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
English and French	7,130	2,985	4,145	13.9	12.0	15.6
Neither English nor French	635	310	320	1.2	1.2	1.2
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	51,345	24,805	26,540	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	49,520	23,965	25,560	96.4	96.6	96.3
French	975	445	530	1.9	1.8	2.0
English and French	245	110	135	0.5	0.4	0.5
Neither English nor French	610	295	315	1.2	1.2	1.2
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	51,345	24,805	26,540	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	50,040	24,140	25,900	97.5	97.3	97.6
Official languages	42,115	20,005	22,110	82.0	80.6	83.3
English	41,155	19,575	21,580	80.2	78.9	81.3
French	960	430	530	1.9	1.7	2.0
Non-official languages	7,925	4,135	3,790	15.4	16.7	14.3
Indigenous languages³⁹	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	7,915	4,130	3,785	15.4	16.6	14.3
Afro-Asiatic languages	845	465	385	1.6	1.9	1.5
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	70	30	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	70	30	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	775	430	350	1.5	1.7	1.3
Amharic	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	760	415	340	1.5	1.7	1.3
Aramaic languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	510	240	270	1.0	1.0	1.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	505	240	270	1.0	1.0	1.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	300	130	170	0.6	0.5	0.6
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	20	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	250	110	145	0.5	0.4	0.5
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	35	10	20	0.1	0.0	0.1
Haitian Creole	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	405	240	160	0.8	1.0	0.6
Kannada	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	335	200	130	0.7	0.8	0.5
Tamil	20	15	5	0.0	0.1	0.0
Telugu	40	25	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Tulu	0	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	3,080	1,715	1,365	6.0	6.9	5.1
Albanian	100	55	50	0.2	0.2	0.2
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	315	140	175	0.6	0.6	0.7
Baltic languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	310	135	175	0.6	0.5	0.7
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	20	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Russian	185	75	105	0.4	0.3	0.4
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	40	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Bosnian	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	15	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	35	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	205	105	100	0.4	0.4	0.4
Frisian	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	80	50	40	0.2	0.2	0.2
German	75	40	35	0.1	0.2	0.1
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	100	45	55	0.2	0.2	0.2
Afrikaans	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	80	35	45	0.2	0.1	0.2
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	1,975	1,180	795	3.8	4.8	3.0
Indo-Aryan languages	1,780	1,075	700	3.5	4.3	2.6
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	115	75	40	0.2	0.3	0.2
Gujarati	255	185	65	0.5	0.7	0.2
Hindi	200	120	80	0.4	0.5	0.3
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	180	85	95	0.4	0.3	0.4
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	880	530	355	1.7	2.1	1.3
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	40	20	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Urdu	65	35	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	20	15	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
Iranian languages	195	105	90	0.4	0.4	0.3
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	190	105	90	0.4	0.4	0.3
Dari	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	165	85	80	0.3	0.3	0.3
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	470	230	235	0.9	0.9	0.9
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	20	15	5	0.0	0.1	0.0
Portuguese	100	50	55	0.2	0.2	0.2
Romanian	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Spanish	320	160	165	0.6	0.6	0.6
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	65	10	60	0.1	0.0	0.2
Korean	100	50	45	0.2	0.2	0.2
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	110	60	50	0.2	0.2	0.2
Akan (Twi)	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	25	15	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	2,345	1,155	1,190	4.6	4.7	4.5
Chinese languages	2,285	1,120	1,165	4.5	4.5	4.4
Hakka	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	1,985	960	1,025	3.9	3.9	3.9
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	20	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	220	110	110	0.4	0.4	0.4
Chinese, n.o.s.	30	20	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	60	35	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Burmese	15	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	40	25	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
S'gaw Karen	40	25	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	20	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	20	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	60	30	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	55	30	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	30	10	20	0.1	0.0	0.1
Estonian	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	25	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Other languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	1,305	665	640	2.5	2.7	2.4
English and French	310	130	190	0.6	0.5	0.7
English and non-official language(s)	845	465	385	1.6	1.9	1.5
French and non-official language(s)	30	10	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
English, French and non-official language(s)	30	10	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Multiple non-official languages	95	50	45	0.2	0.2	0.2
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	51,345	24,805	26,540	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	41,860	19,970	21,890	81.5	80.5	82.5
French	260	120	140	0.5	0.5	0.5
Non-official language	3,160	1,660	1,505	6.2	6.7	5.7
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	3,160	1,660	1,505	6.2	6.7	5.7
English and French	835	345	490	1.6	1.4	1.8
English and non-official language(s)	4,785	2,495	2,290	9.3	10.1	8.6
French and non-official language(s)	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
English, French and non-official language(s)	235	110	125	0.5	0.4	0.5
Multiple non-official languages	185	95	90	0.4	0.4	0.3
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	51,345	24,805	26,540	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	50,080	24,160	25,920	97.5	97.4	97.7
Official languages	44,465	21,220	23,245	86.6	85.5	87.6
English	44,070	21,055	23,020	85.8	84.9	86.7
French	395	170	220	0.8	0.7	0.8
Non-official languages	5,610	2,935	2,675	10.9	11.8	10.1
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	5,610	2,935	2,675	10.9	11.8	10.1
Afro-Asiatic languages	580	305	280	1.1	1.2	1.1
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	45	20	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	45	20	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	530	280	250	1.0	1.1	0.9
Amharic	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	520	275	240	1.0	1.1	0.9
Aramaic languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	500	250	245	1.0	1.0	0.9
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	495	250	245	1.0	1.0	0.9
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	165	75	85	0.3	0.3	0.3
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	140	70	75	0.3	0.3	0.3
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	20	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	295	175	125	0.6	0.7	0.5
Kannada	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	250	145	105	0.5	0.6	0.4
Tamil	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	1,870	1,035	830	3.6	4.2	3.1
Albanian	65	35	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	190	85	105	0.4	0.3	0.4
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	185	85	100	0.4	0.3	0.4
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	130	60	75	0.3	0.2	0.3
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	15	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	25	15	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	35	20	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	20	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	1,330	775	555	2.6	3.1	2.1
Indo-Aryan languages	1,195	710	480	2.3	2.9	1.8
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	75	50	25	0.1	0.2	0.1
Gujarati	175	130	45	0.3	0.5	0.2
Hindi	105	65	45	0.2	0.3	0.2
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	120	60	65	0.2	0.2	0.2
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	650	375	275	1.3	1.5	1.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	25	15	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	15	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	135	65	70	0.3	0.3	0.3
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	130	60	65	0.3	0.2	0.2
Dari	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	110	50	60	0.2	0.2	0.2
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	245	120	125	0.5	0.5	0.5
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	55	25	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Romanian	15	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	175	85	90	0.3	0.3	0.3
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	25	5	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Korean	70	35	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	25	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	1,980	985	995	3.9	4.0	3.7
Chinese languages	1,945	965	980	3.8	3.9	3.7
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	1,740	865	875	3.4	3.5	3.3
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	15	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	165	80	80	0.3	0.3	0.3
Chinese, n.o.s.	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	35	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	25	15	15	0.0	0.1	0.1
S'gaw Karen	25	15	15	0.0	0.1	0.1
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	55	25	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Azerbaijani	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	50	20	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	15	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	1,270	645	625	2.5	2.6	2.4
English and French	155	60	95	0.3	0.2	0.4
English and non-official language(s)	1,065	560	505	2.1	2.3	1.9
French and non-official language(s)	15	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	25	15	15	0.0	0.1	0.1
Multiple non-official languages	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	51,345	24,805	26,540	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	46,305	22,260	24,050	90.2	89.7	90.6
English	2,025	1,020	1,000	3.9	4.1	3.8
French	625	275	350	1.2	1.1	1.3
Non-official language	1,695	870	820	3.3	3.5	3.1
Indigenous³⁹	15	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	1,675	860	810	3.3	3.5	3.1
English and French	35	10	20	0.1	0.0	0.1
English and non-official language(s)	340	200	140	0.7	0.8	0.5
French and non-official language(s)	105	50	60	0.2	0.2	0.2
English, French and non-official language(s)	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	215	115	95	0.4	0.5	0.4
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	51,005	24,610	26,400	100.0	100.0	100.0
Official languages	50,445	24,345	26,100	98.9	98.9	98.9
English	50,405	24,320	26,080	98.8	98.8	98.8
French	7,225	3,110	4,115	14.2	12.6	15.6
Non-official languages	10,175	5,290	4,880	19.9	21.5	18.5
Indigenous languages³⁹	40	30	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Algonquian languages	40	30	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	35	25	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Mi'kmaq	35	25	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	10,140	5,270	4,870	19.9	21.4	18.4
Afro-Asiatic languages	1,125	635	490	2.2	2.6	1.9
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	20	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	20	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	60	40	20	0.1	0.2	0.1
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	60	40	20	0.1	0.2	0.1
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	1,070	605	465	2.1	2.5	1.8
Amharic	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	1,025	575	450	2.0	2.3	1.7
Aramaic languages	40	25	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	40	25	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	40	20	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	630	290	340	1.2	1.2	1.3
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	630	290	340	1.2	1.2	1.3
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	455	180	275	0.9	0.7	1.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	435	170	265	0.9	0.7	1.0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	135	60	70	0.3	0.2	0.3
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	60	30	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	50	15	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Creole languages, n.i.e.	15	15	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Dravidian languages	610	335	275	1.2	1.4	1.0
Kannada	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Malayalam	505	275	230	1.0	1.1	0.9
Tamil	125	55	65	0.2	0.2	0.2
Telugu	45	30	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	4,390	2,355	2,035	8.6	9.6	7.7
Albanian	140	75	65	0.3	0.3	0.2
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	390	195	195	0.8	0.8	0.7
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	385	195	195	0.8	0.8	0.7
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	35	10	25	0.1	0.0	0.1
Czech	45	25	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	50	25	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Russian	215	115	100	0.4	0.5	0.4
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	60	35	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Bosnian	45	25	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Croatian	25	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Serbian	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	15	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	45	20	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	25	15	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	400	185	220	0.8	0.8	0.8
Frisian	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	250	125	125	0.5	0.5	0.5
German	240	120	120	0.5	0.5	0.5
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	20	15	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
Yiddish	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	115	50	60	0.2	0.2	0.2
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	105	50	60	0.2	0.2	0.2
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	50	15	40	0.1	0.1	0.2
Danish	35	15	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	20	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	20	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Indo-Iranian languages	2,485	1,510	975	4.9	6.1	3.7
Indo-Aryan languages	2,235	1,380	855	4.4	5.6	3.2
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	190	145	45	0.4	0.6	0.2
Gujarati	290	225	65	0.6	0.9	0.2
Hindi	1,235	785	445	2.4	3.2	1.7
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	35	25	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Nepali	165	75	90	0.3	0.3	0.3
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	930	575	355	1.8	2.3	1.3
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	70	35	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Urdu	150	80	70	0.3	0.3	0.3
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	60	45	15	0.1	0.2	0.1
Iranian languages	250	130	120	0.5	0.5	0.5
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	250	130	120	0.5	0.5	0.5
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	220	120	100	0.4	0.5	0.4
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	1,040	455	585	2.0	1.8	2.2
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	115	70	45	0.2	0.3	0.2
Portuguese	190	70	115	0.4	0.3	0.4
Romanian	40	15	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Spanish	770	340	430	1.5	1.4	1.6
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	25	25	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Japanese	215	85	135	0.4	0.3	0.5
Korean	75	35	40	0.1	0.1	0.2
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	270	185	90	0.5	0.8	0.3
Akan (Twi)	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	30	20	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	50	35	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Lingala	20	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	40	30	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	80	55	25	0.2	0.2	0.1
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	20	15	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	25	15	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
American Sign Language	25	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	2,595	1,290	1,305	5.1	5.2	4.9
Chinese languages	2,530	1,260	1,270	5.0	5.1	4.8
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	2,425	1,200	1,225	4.8	4.9	4.6
Min Dong	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	55	25	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	270	160	110	0.5	0.7	0.4
Chinese, n.o.s.	20	15	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	65	35	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Burmese	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	40	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
S'gaw Karen	40	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	85	35	50	0.2	0.1	0.2
Azerbaijani	20	15	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	70	25	45	0.1	0.1	0.2
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	45	10	35	0.1	0.0	0.1
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	25	10	20	0.0	0.0	0.1
Other languages, n.i.e.	35	20	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	51,010	24,610	26,400	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	960	475	490	1.9	1.9	1.9
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	905	450	455	1.8	1.8	1.7
First Nations (North American Indian)	630	315	310	1.2	1.3	1.2
Métis	225	100	125	0.4	0.4	0.5
Inuk (Inuit)	55	35	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	50	25	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Non-Indigenous identity	50,045	24,135	25,910	98.1	98.1	98.1
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	51,010	24,610	26,400	100.0	100.0	100.0
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	345	170	175	0.7	0.7	0.7
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	50,665	24,440	26,225	99.3	99.3	99.3
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	22,625	...	...	100.0	...	...
Owner	11,525	...	...	50.9	...	...
Renter	11,100	...	...	49.1	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	22,625	...	...	100.0	...	...
Condominium	1,220	...	...	5.4	...	...
Not condominium	21,410	...	...	94.6	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	22,625	...	...	100.0	...	...
No bedrooms	130	...	...	0.6	...	...
1 bedroom	3,195	...	...	14.1	...	...
2 bedrooms	7,430	...	...	32.8	...	...
3 bedrooms	6,915	...	...	30.6	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	4,960	...	...	21.9	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	22,625	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	8,095	...	...	35.8	...	...
5 rooms	3,710	...	...	16.4	...	...
6 rooms	3,075	...	...	13.6	...	...
7 rooms	2,295	...	...	10.1	...	...
8 or more rooms	5,450	...	...	24.1	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	5.8	...	...	5.8	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	22,625	...	...	100.0	...	...
One person or fewer per room	22,275	...	...	98.5	...	...
More than one person per room	350	...	...	1.5	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	22,625	...	...	100.0	...	...
Suitable	21,650	...	...	95.7	...	...
Not suitable	975	...	...	4.3	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	22,625	...	...	100.0	...	...
1960 or before	3,840	...	...	17.0	...	...
1961 to 1980	6,260	...	...	27.7	...	...
1981 to 1990	2,970	...	...	13.1	...	...
1991 to 2000	2,655	...	...	11.7	...	...
2001 to 2005	1,485	...	...	6.6	...	...
2006 to 2010	1,825	...	...	8.1	...	...
2011 to 2015	1,730	...	...	7.6	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	1,855	...	...	8.2	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	22,625	...	...	100.0	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	21,485	...	...	95.0	...	...
Major repairs needed	1,135	...	...	5.0	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	22,625	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-maintainer household	11,875	...	...	52.5	...	...
Two-maintainer household	9,585	...	...	42.4	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	1,165	...	...	5.1	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	22,625	...	...	100.0	...	...
15 to 24 years	1,590	...	...	7.0	...	...
25 to 34 years	3,315	...	...	14.7	...	...
35 to 44 years	3,580	...	...	15.8	...	...
45 to 54 years	3,665	...	...	16.2	...	...
55 to 64 years	3,945	...	...	17.4	...	...
65 to 74 years	3,780	...	...	16.7	...	...
75 to 84 years	2,100	...	...	9.3	...	...
85 years and over	640	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	22,515	...	...	100.0	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	17,545	...	...	77.9	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	4,965	...	...	22.1	...	...
30% to less than 100%	4,495	...	...	20.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	22,625	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	6,565	...	...	29.0	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	4,510	...	...	19.9	...	...
Not suitable only	770	...	...	3.4	...	...
Major repairs needed only	785	...	...	3.5	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	150	...	...	0.7	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	305	...	...	1.3	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	45	...	...	0.2	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Acceptable housing	16,055	...	...	71.0	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	22,040	...	...	100.0	...	...
In core need	1,700	...	...	7.7	...	...
Not in core need	20,340	...	...	92.3	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	11,525	...	...	...	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	60.7	...	...	60.7	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	11.5	...	...	11.5	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,180	...	...	1,180	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,292	...	...	1,292	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	348,000	...	...	348,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	384,000	...	...	384,000	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	11,095	...	...	...	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	15.9	...	...	15.9	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	33.1	...	...	33.1	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	13.1	...	...	13.1	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,000	...	...	1,000	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,086	...	...	1,086	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	...	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	51,005	24,610	26,395	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	385	195	190	0.8	0.8	0.7
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	385	195	190	0.8	0.8	0.7
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	310	155	160	0.6	0.6	0.6
Métis single ancestry	60	35	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Inuit single ancestry	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	1,065	465	595	2.1	1.9	2.3
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	1,050	460	590	2.1	1.9	2.2
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	815	355	460	1.6	1.4	1.7
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	175	75	100	0.3	0.3	0.4
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	65	30	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	49,565	23,945	25,615	97.2	97.3	97.0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	51,005	24,605	26,395	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	42,895	20,220	22,675	84.1	82.2	85.9
Canadian citizens aged under 18	7,865	3,915	3,950	15.4	15.9	15.0
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	35,030	16,305	18,730	68.7	66.3	71.0
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	8,115	4,390	3,725	15.9	17.8	14.1
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	51,005	24,605	26,395	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	40,325	19,040	21,290	79.1	77.4	80.7
Immigrants⁸¹	6,870	3,420	3,455	13.5	13.9	13.1
Before 1980	665	280	385	1.3	1.1	1.5
1980 to 1990	230	130	105	0.5	0.5	0.4
1991 to 2000	345	135	210	0.7	0.5	0.8
2001 to 2010	990	495	500	1.9	2.0	1.9
2011 to 2021⁸²	4,640	2,375	2,260	9.1	9.7	8.6
2011 to 2015	1,080	515	570	2.1	2.1	2.2
2016 to 2021	3,555	1,860	1,695	7.0	7.6	6.4
Non-permanent residents⁸³	3,805	2,150	1,655	7.5	8.7	6.3
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	6,870	3,415	3,455	100.0	100.0	100.0
Under 5 years	540	300	245	7.9	8.8	7.1
5 to 14 years	1,470	805	660	21.4	23.6	19.1
15 to 24 years	1,025	515	510	14.9	15.1	14.8
25 to 44 years	2,945	1,305	1,640	42.9	38.2	47.5
45 years and over	895	495	400	13.0	14.5	11.6
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	6,870	3,415	3,455	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	810	400	405	11.8	11.7	11.7
Brazil	45	25	25	0.7	0.7	0.7
Colombia	40	10	30	0.6	0.3	0.9
El Salvador	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyana	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	120	55	60	1.7	1.6	1.7
Mexico	30	10	25	0.4	0.3	0.7
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidad and Tobago	10	10	0	0.1	0.3	0.0
United States of America	420	205	215	6.1	6.0	6.2
Other places of birth in Americas	115	80	35	1.7	2.3	1.0
Europe	1,140	530	615	16.6	15.5	17.8
Bosnia and Herzegovina	55	25	30	0.8	0.7	0.9
Croatia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	55	25	30	0.8	0.7	0.9
Germany	50	25	30	0.7	0.7	0.9
Greece	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	20	10	10	0.3	0.3	0.3
Italy	35	20	20	0.5	0.6	0.6
Netherlands	55	25	25	0.8	0.7	0.7
Poland	20	15	0	0.3	0.4	0.0
Portugal	15	10	10	0.2	0.3	0.3
Romania	15	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.4
Russian Federation	70	25	40	1.0	0.7	1.2
Serbia⁸⁶	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.3
Ukraine	40	25	20	0.6	0.7	0.6
United Kingdom⁸⁷	410	185	230	6.0	5.4	6.7
Other places of birth in Europe	280	135	145	4.1	4.0	4.2
Africa	375	195	180	5.5	5.7	5.2
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	50	20	25	0.7	0.6	0.7
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	20	15	0	0.3	0.4	0.0
Nigeria	100	45	55	1.5	1.3	1.6
Somalia	25	15	10	0.4	0.4	0.3
South Africa, Republic of	20	0	15	0.3	0.0	0.4
Other places of birth in Africa	150	90	55	2.2	2.6	1.6
Asia	4,500	2,270	2,230	65.5	66.5	64.5
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	155	90	70	2.3	2.6	2.0
Iraq	55	35	20	0.8	1.0	0.6
Lebanon	115	75	40	1.7	2.2	1.2
Syria⁸⁹	390	205	185	5.7	6.0	5.4
Turkey	15	10	10	0.2	0.3	0.3
China⁹⁰	1,455	725	735	21.2	21.2	21.3
Hong Kong⁹¹	90	65	25	1.3	1.9	0.7
Korea, South⁹²	35	0	30	0.5	0.0	0.9
Taiwan	90	40	50	1.3	1.2	1.4
Philippines	345	135	205	5.0	4.0	5.9
Viet Nam	470	230	245	6.8	6.7	7.1
Bangladesh	90	55	35	1.3	1.6	1.0
India	665	360	300	9.7	10.5	8.7
Pakistan	65	35	35	0.9	1.0	1.0
Sri Lanka	55	25	25	0.8	0.7	0.7
Other places of birth in Asia	395	175	220	5.7	5.1	6.4
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	45	15	25	0.7	0.4	0.7
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	3,555	1,865	1,695	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	315	155	160	8.9	8.3	9.4
Brazil	35	15	15	1.0	0.8	0.9
Colombia	35	15	25	1.0	0.8	1.5
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	110	45	60	3.1	2.4	3.5
Mexico	20	10	10	0.6	0.5	0.6
United States of America	60	25	35	1.7	1.3	2.1
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Americas	55	45	10	1.5	2.4	0.6
Europe	250	120	130	7.0	6.4	7.7
France	35	25	10	1.0	1.3	0.6
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	20	0	10	0.6	0.0	0.6
Russian Federation	35	10	25	1.0	0.5	1.5
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	60	25	35	1.7	1.3	2.1
Other places of birth in Europe	65	35	35	1.8	1.9	2.1
Africa	210	105	100	5.9	5.6	5.9
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	25	15	15	0.7	0.8	0.9
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	85	40	45	2.4	2.1	2.7
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	50	30	15	1.4	1.6	0.9
Asia	2,765	1,470	1,290	77.8	78.8	76.1
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	50	25	20	1.4	1.3	1.2
China⁹⁰	1,040	540	500	29.3	29.0	29.5
Hong Kong⁹¹	55	35	20	1.5	1.9	1.2
India	535	300	235	15.0	16.1	13.9
Iran⁸⁸	10	0	10	0.3	0.0	0.6
Iraq	40	25	15	1.1	1.3	0.9
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordan	10	10	0	0.3	0.5	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	20	20	0	0.6	1.1	0.0
Nepal	20	10	10	0.6	0.5	0.6
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	140	70	70	3.9	3.8	4.1
Saudi Arabia	15	10	10	0.4	0.5	0.6
Sri Lanka	25	10	10	0.7	0.5	0.6
Syria⁸⁹	210	120	90	5.9	6.4	5.3
Turkey	10	0	10	0.3	0.0	0.6
United Arab Emirates	30	10	25	0.8	0.5	1.5
Viet Nam	440	220	225	12.4	11.8	13.3
Other places of birth in Asia	85	45	40	2.4	2.4	2.4
Oceania and other⁹³	25	10	10	0.7	0.5	0.6
Australia	20	10	10	0.6	0.5	0.6
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	51,005	24,610	26,400	100.0	100.0	100.0
First generation¹⁰⁰	11,095	5,775	5,320	21.8	23.5	20.2
Second generation¹⁰¹	4,015	1,910	2,095	7.9	7.8	7.9
Third generation or more¹⁰²	35,900	16,920	18,975	70.4	68.8	71.9
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	6,205	3,135	3,070	100.0	100.0	100.0
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	4,745	2,445	2,300	76.5	78.0	74.9
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	1,895	1,035	865	30.5	33.0	28.2
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	2,850	1,415	1,435	45.9	45.1	46.7
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	595	255	345	9.6	8.1	11.2
Refugees¹⁰⁸	830	410	410	13.4	13.1	13.4
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	40	25	15	0.6	0.8	0.5
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	6,205	3,135	3,070	100.0	100.0	100.0
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	25	15	10	0.4	0.5	0.3
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	715	350	365	11.5	11.2	11.9
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	275	135	140	4.4	4.3	4.6
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	645	355	290	10.4	11.3	9.4
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	4,550	2,290	2,260	73.3	73.0	73.6
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	51,010	24,610	26,400	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	10,055	5,355	4,700	19.7	21.8	17.8
South Asian	2,790	1,720	1,075	5.5	7.0	4.1
Chinese	2,580	1,285	1,290	5.1	5.2	4.9
Black	1,380	755	625	2.7	3.1	2.4
Filipino	490	190	300	1.0	0.8	1.1
Arab	955	515	440	1.9	2.1	1.7
Latin American	350	175	175	0.7	0.7	0.7
Southeast Asian	830	370	460	1.6	1.5	1.7
West Asian	275	150	125	0.5	0.6	0.5
Korean	85	45	45	0.2	0.2	0.2
Japanese	130	30	105	0.3	0.1	0.4
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	100	60	45	0.2	0.2	0.2
Multiple visible minorities	85	65	30	0.2	0.3	0.1
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	40,945	19,255	21,690	80.3	78.2	82.2
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	51,005	24,610	26,395	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian	6,505	3,160	3,340	12.8	12.8	12.7
English	11,040	5,110	5,925	21.6	20.8	22.4
Irish	13,960	6,360	7,600	27.4	25.8	28.8
Scottish	16,110	7,290	8,820	31.6	29.6	33.4
French, n.o.s.¹²²	5,735	2,655	3,080	11.2	10.8	11.7
German	2,190	985	1,205	4.3	4.0	4.6
Chinese	2,365	1,180	1,185	4.6	4.8	4.5
Italian	645	305	340	1.3	1.2	1.3
Indian (India)	1,670	1,065	605	3.3	4.3	2.3
Ukrainian	445	220	230	0.9	0.9	0.9
Dutch	1,175	500	675	2.3	2.0	2.6
Polish	460	190	270	0.9	0.8	1.0
Québécois	65	40	25	0.1	0.2	0.1
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	1,070	490	580	2.1	2.0	2.2
Filipino	395	155	240	0.8	0.6	0.9
French Canadian	320	130	195	0.6	0.5	0.7
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	1,940	890	1,050	3.8	3.6	4.0
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	420	175	240	0.8	0.7	0.9
Métis	250	115	135	0.5	0.5	0.5
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	865	410	455	1.7	1.7	1.7
Russian	290	135	155	0.6	0.5	0.6
Norwegian	225	100	120	0.4	0.4	0.5
Welsh	840	450	390	1.6	1.8	1.5
Portuguese	165	80	80	0.3	0.3	0.3
American	350	155	190	0.7	0.6	0.7
Spanish	255	145	110	0.5	0.6	0.4
Swedish	130	60	70	0.3	0.2	0.3
Hungarian	130	75	55	0.3	0.3	0.2
Acadian	2,085	965	1,120	4.1	3.9	4.2
Pakistani	100	60	35	0.2	0.2	0.1
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	365	175	190	0.7	0.7	0.7
Jewish	145	70	75	0.3	0.3	0.3
Punjabi	225	100	125	0.4	0.4	0.5
Vietnamese	575	255	325	1.1	1.0	1.2
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	420	240	185	0.8	1.0	0.7
Greek	105	55	50	0.2	0.2	0.2
Jamaican	255	140	115	0.5	0.6	0.4
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	255	135	120	0.5	0.5	0.5
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	20	15	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
Korean	105	55	50	0.2	0.2	0.2
Romanian	60	15	45	0.1	0.1	0.2
Lebanese	480	220	260	0.9	0.9	1.0
Iranian	170	90	80	0.3	0.4	0.3
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	225	95	130	0.4	0.4	0.5
Danish	280	145	135	0.5	0.6	0.5
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	215	100	110	0.4	0.4	0.4
Sikh	160	90	70	0.3	0.4	0.3
Austrian	70	40	30	0.1	0.2	0.1
Belgian	65	25	40	0.1	0.1	0.2
Haitian	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindu	250	160	90	0.5	0.7	0.3
Mexican	145	90	60	0.3	0.4	0.2
Mennonite	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss	105	35	70	0.2	0.1	0.3
Finnish	35	10	30	0.1	0.0	0.1
Sri Lankan	80	45	35	0.2	0.2	0.1
Croatian	40	10	35	0.1	0.0	0.1
Japanese	155	40	115	0.3	0.2	0.4
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	145	80	60	0.3	0.3	0.2
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	365	150	210	0.7	0.6	0.8
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	120	55	65	0.2	0.2	0.2
Muslim	40	15	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Egyptian	35	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	60	20	40	0.1	0.1	0.2
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	75	55	25	0.1	0.2	0.1
Colombian	60	15	40	0.1	0.1	0.2
Moroccan	20	20	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Czech	60	25	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Syrian	315	150	165	0.6	0.6	0.6
Guyanese	40	30	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Afghan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	125	75	60	0.2	0.3	0.2
Serbian	30	20	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Ojibway	20	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Newfoundlander	115	80	40	0.2	0.3	0.2
Hong Konger	105	65	40	0.2	0.3	0.2
Ontarian	45	15	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Persian	60	35	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	25	15	15	0.0	0.1	0.1
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	75	40	30	0.1	0.2	0.1
Bangladeshi	110	85	25	0.2	0.3	0.1
Algerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazilian	130	50	80	0.3	0.2	0.3
Nigerian	145	65	80	0.3	0.3	0.3
Armenian	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	20	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	45	25	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Somali	60	40	20	0.1	0.2	0.1
Taiwanese	115	45	65	0.2	0.2	0.2
Iraqi	25	15	15	0.0	0.1	0.1
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Caribbean	25	15	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	110	60	50	0.2	0.2	0.2
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	40	30	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	55	25	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Algonquin	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	20	0	20	0.0	0.0	0.1
Lithuanian	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South African	30	20	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Australian	65	40	30	0.1	0.2	0.1
Palestinian	70	45	25	0.1	0.2	0.1
Chilean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congolese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nova Scotian	95	40	55	0.2	0.2	0.2
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	25	15	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Peruvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	105	60	45	0.2	0.2	0.2
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	60	30	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Maltese	35	25	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Macedonian	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovenian	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	65	15	45	0.1	0.1	0.2
New Brunswicker	45	30	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Gujarati	25	20	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Canadian	45	25	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Israeli	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Mohawk	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	20	15	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
Bulgarian	55	30	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Albertan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ghanaian	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Barbadian	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African American	35	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisian	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuban	20	20	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Bosnian	25	20	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	70	45	30	0.1	0.2	0.1
Bengali	25	20	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
Cameroonian	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Laotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Irish	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	80	30	55	0.2	0.1	0.2
British Columbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Franco Ontarian	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Argentinian	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jatt	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	25	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Dominican	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	130	70	60	0.3	0.3	0.2
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	70	45	20	0.1	0.2	0.1
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Abenaki	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Zealander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Breton	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malaysian	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	50	20	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saskatchewanian	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gaspesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norman	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mauritian	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Kenyan	20	15	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordanian	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Manitoban	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cape Bretoner	60	25	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Rwandan	15	15	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Grenadian	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayali	60	30	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Chaldean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mayan	20	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Honduran	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cherokee	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Caribbean	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Flemish	20	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Empire Loyalist	25	15	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sicilian	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Goan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	80	40	40	0.2	0.2	0.2
Mongolian	10	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamileke	25	0	20	0.0	0.0	0.1
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Libyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Basque	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igorot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guinean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Prince Edward Islander	835	375	460	1.6	1.5	1.7
Maliseet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Beninese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Roma	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karen	45	20	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Edo	30	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Tajik	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amhara	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	51,010	24,610	26,400	100.0	100.0	100.0
Buddhist	475	210	265	0.9	0.9	1.0
Christian	30,070	13,660	16,410	58.9	55.5	62.2
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	3,600	1,710	1,890	7.1	6.9	7.2
Anabaptist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anglican	1,520	670	845	3.0	2.7	3.2
Baptist	1,425	630	800	2.8	2.6	3.0
Catholic	15,060	6,895	8,170	29.5	28.0	30.9
Christian Orthodox	285	150	135	0.6	0.6	0.5
Jehovah's Witness	105	50	55	0.2	0.2	0.2
Latter Day Saints	25	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Lutheran	75	25	50	0.1	0.1	0.2
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	140	60	75	0.3	0.2	0.3
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	400	205	195	0.8	0.8	0.7
Presbyterian	1,945	905	1,040	3.8	3.7	3.9
Reformed	25	10	20	0.0	0.0	0.1
United Church	3,455	1,450	2,005	6.8	5.9	7.6
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	2,010	890	1,120	3.9	3.6	4.2
Hindu	995	670	330	2.0	2.7	1.3
Jewish	105	45	55	0.2	0.2	0.2
Muslim	1,445	850	600	2.8	3.5	2.3
Sikh	710	430	285	1.4	1.7	1.1
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	20	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Other religions and spiritual traditions	365	160	205	0.7	0.7	0.8
No religion and secular perspectives	16,810	8,580	8,230	33.0	34.9	31.2
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	50,580	24,435	26,150	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	41,465	19,970	21,495	82.0	81.7	82.2
Movers	9,120	4,460	4,655	18.0	18.3	17.8
Non-migrants	5,225	2,580	2,650	10.3	10.6	10.1
Migrants	3,890	1,880	2,005	7.7	7.7	7.7
Internal migrants	3,055	1,505	1,550	6.0	6.2	5.9
Intraprovincial migrants	1,395	665	730	2.8	2.7	2.8
Interprovincial migrants	1,660	840	815	3.3	3.4	3.1
External migrants	835	375	460	1.7	1.5	1.8
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	48,865	23,530	25,335	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	25,325	11,815	13,515	51.8	50.2	53.3
Movers	23,540	11,720	11,825	48.2	49.8	46.7
Non-migrants	8,025	3,920	4,105	16.4	16.7	16.2
Migrants	15,520	7,800	7,720	31.8	33.1	30.5
Internal migrants	9,300	4,435	4,870	19.0	18.8	19.2
Intraprovincial migrants	5,335	2,515	2,825	10.9	10.7	11.2
Interprovincial migrants	3,965	1,920	2,045	8.1	8.2	8.1
External migrants	6,215	3,360	2,855	12.7	14.3	11.3
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	43,380	20,720	22,660	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	5,300	2,785	2,515	12.2	13.4	11.1
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	38,075	17,940	20,140	87.8	86.6	88.9
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	25,735	12,235	13,505	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	1,525	900	630	5.9	7.4	4.7
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	24,210	11,335	12,870	94.1	92.6	95.3
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	43,375	20,720	22,655	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	4,895	2,525	2,365	11.3	12.2	10.4
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	11,010	5,690	5,320	25.4	27.5	23.5
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	27,470	12,505	14,965	63.3	60.4	66.1
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	13,750	6,345	7,405	31.7	30.6	32.7
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	2,035	1,445	585	4.7	7.0	2.6
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	1,000	605	400	2.3	2.9	1.8
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	1,035	840	195	2.4	4.1	0.9
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	10,340	4,370	5,970	23.8	21.1	26.4
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,380	530	845	3.2	2.6	3.7
Bachelor's degree or higher	13,725	6,160	7,565	31.6	29.7	33.4
Bachelor's degree	9,115	4,075	5,040	21.0	19.7	22.2
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	730	285	440	1.7	1.4	1.9
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	340	155	185	0.8	0.7	0.8
Master's degree	3,065	1,325	1,740	7.1	6.4	7.7
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	475	310	160	1.1	1.5	0.7
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	25,740	12,235	13,500	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	1,380	785	595	5.4	6.4	4.4
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	5,235	2,815	2,420	20.3	23.0	17.9
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	19,125	8,635	10,490	74.3	70.6	77.7
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	8,605	4,035	4,575	33.4	33.0	33.9
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	1,180	870	315	4.6	7.1	2.3
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	555	355	200	2.2	2.9	1.5
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	625	515	110	2.4	4.2	0.8
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	6,665	2,855	3,810	25.9	23.3	28.2
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	765	315	450	3.0	2.6	3.3
Bachelor's degree or higher	10,515	4,600	5,915	40.9	37.6	43.8
Bachelor's degree	6,855	3,020	3,835	26.6	24.7	28.4
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	485	185	300	1.9	1.5	2.2
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	285	120	170	1.1	1.0	1.3
Master's degree	2,530	1,055	1,475	9.8	8.6	10.9
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	365	220	140	1.4	1.8	1.0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	43,375	20,720	22,655	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	15,905	8,215	7,690	36.7	39.6	33.9
Education	2,065	565	1,505	4.8	2.7	6.6
13. Education	2,065	565	1,505	4.8	2.7	6.6
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	730	310	425	1.7	1.5	1.9
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	40	25	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
50. Visual and performing arts	695	285	410	1.6	1.4	1.8
Humanities	1,555	670	880	3.6	3.2	3.9
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	100	10	100	0.2	0.0	0.4
23. English language and literature/letters	400	140	265	0.9	0.7	1.2
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	350	140	205	0.8	0.7	0.9
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	35	10	30	0.1	0.0	0.1
38. Philosophy and religious studies	155	90	65	0.4	0.4	0.3
39. Theology and religious vocations	130	65	65	0.3	0.3	0.3
54. History	315	205	105	0.7	1.0	0.5
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	65	25	40	0.1	0.1	0.2
Social and behavioural sciences and law	3,140	985	2,150	7.2	4.8	9.5
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	75	15	60	0.2	0.1	0.3
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	330	130	205	0.8	0.6	0.9
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	555	25	530	1.3	0.1	2.3
22. Legal professions and studies	520	170	350	1.2	0.8	1.5
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	40	10	30	0.1	0.0	0.1
42. Psychology	685	180	505	1.6	0.9	2.2
45. Social sciences	935	465	470	2.2	2.2	2.1
Business, management and public administration	7,190	2,940	4,245	16.6	14.2	18.7
30.16 Accounting and computer science	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	535	120	415	1.2	0.6	1.8
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	6,640	2,815	3,825	15.3	13.6	16.9
Physical and life sciences and technologies	1,440	665	775	3.3	3.2	3.4
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	795	365	425	1.8	1.8	1.9
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	350	135	215	0.8	0.7	0.9
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	20	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
40. Physical sciences	260	150	110	0.6	0.7	0.5
41. Science technologies/technicians	20	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	1,495	1,070	420	3.4	5.2	1.9
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	1,330	995	335	3.1	4.8	1.5
25. Library science	55	10	45	0.1	0.0	0.2
27. Mathematics and statistics	100	60	35	0.2	0.3	0.2
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	3,815	3,465	350	8.8	16.7	1.5
04. Architecture and related services	150	80	70	0.3	0.4	0.3
14. Engineering	945	825	125	2.2	4.0	0.6
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	860	765	95	2.0	3.7	0.4
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	945	925	20	2.2	4.5	0.1
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	625	610	15	1.4	2.9	0.1
48. Precision production	295	265	25	0.7	1.3	0.1
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	710	360	350	1.6	1.7	1.5
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	495	230	270	1.1	1.1	1.2
03. Natural resources and conservation	210	130	80	0.5	0.6	0.4
Health and related fields	4,020	740	3,285	9.3	3.6	14.5
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	290	165	130	0.7	0.8	0.6
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	3,630	515	3,110	8.4	2.5	13.7
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	100	55	40	0.2	0.3	0.2
Personal, protective and transportation services	1,315	730	585	3.0	3.5	2.6
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	770	260	510	1.8	1.3	2.3
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	30	20	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
43. Security and protective services	300	240	55	0.7	1.2	0.2
49. Transportation and materials moving	215	205	10	0.5	1.0	0.0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	25,735	12,235	13,505	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	6,610	3,600	3,010	25.7	29.4	22.3
Education	1,320	345	975	5.1	2.8	7.2
13. Education	1,320	345	975	5.1	2.8	7.2
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	505	220	280	2.0	1.8	2.1
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	35	20	15	0.1	0.2	0.1
50. Visual and performing arts	470	205	265	1.8	1.7	2.0
Humanities	1,090	465	630	4.2	3.8	4.7
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	95	10	90	0.4	0.1	0.7
23. English language and literature/letters	295	105	190	1.1	0.9	1.4
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	230	100	140	0.9	0.8	1.0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	30	0	30	0.1	0.0	0.2
38. Philosophy and religious studies	105	65	45	0.4	0.5	0.3
39. Theology and religious vocations	50	20	35	0.2	0.2	0.3
54. History	220	140	80	0.9	1.1	0.6
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	55	25	30	0.2	0.2	0.2
Social and behavioural sciences and law	2,340	710	1,630	9.1	5.8	12.1
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	50	15	40	0.2	0.1	0.3
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	265	95	170	1.0	0.8	1.3
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	365	15	350	1.4	0.1	2.6
22. Legal professions and studies	400	105	290	1.6	0.9	2.1
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	25	0	25	0.1	0.0	0.2
42. Psychology	545	140	400	2.1	1.1	3.0
45. Social sciences	695	345	350	2.7	2.8	2.6
Business, management and public administration	4,950	2,010	2,935	19.2	16.4	21.7
30.16 Accounting and computer science	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
44. Public administration and social service professions	395	110	285	1.5	0.9	2.1
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	4,545	1,895	2,645	17.7	15.5	19.6
Physical and life sciences and technologies	950	420	525	3.7	3.4	3.9
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	530	235	300	2.1	1.9	2.2
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	205	80	125	0.8	0.7	0.9
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
40. Physical sciences	185	105	80	0.7	0.9	0.6
41. Science technologies/technicians	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	1,070	775	300	4.2	6.3	2.2
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	975	725	250	3.8	5.9	1.9
25. Library science	40	10	25	0.2	0.1	0.2
27. Mathematics and statistics	55	35	25	0.2	0.3	0.2
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	2,590	2,315	275	10.1	18.9	2.0
04. Architecture and related services	105	45	55	0.4	0.4	0.4
14. Engineering	755	650	105	2.9	5.3	0.8
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	550	485	65	2.1	4.0	0.5
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	605	590	15	2.4	4.8	0.1
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	390	370	15	1.5	3.0	0.1
48. Precision production	190	170	20	0.7	1.4	0.1
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	490	220	275	1.9	1.8	2.0
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	340	125	215	1.3	1.0	1.6
03. Natural resources and conservation	160	95	55	0.6	0.8	0.4
Health and related fields	2,880	615	2,265	11.2	5.0	16.8
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	210	130	80	0.8	1.1	0.6
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	2,605	450	2,155	10.1	3.7	16.0
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	65	30	35	0.3	0.2	0.3
Personal, protective and transportation services	940	540	395	3.7	4.4	2.9
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	540	195	345	2.1	1.6	2.6
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
43. Security and protective services	230	190	45	0.9	1.6	0.3
49. Transportation and materials moving	155	150	10	0.6	1.2	0.1
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	25,735	12,235	13,505	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	6,610	3,600	3,010	25.7	29.4	22.3
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	19,125	8,635	10,490	74.3	70.6	77.7
Location of study inside Canada	15,580	6,965	8,615	60.5	56.9	63.8
Same as province or territory of residence	9,830	4,385	5,445	38.2	35.8	40.3
Different than province or territory of residence	5,750	2,580	3,170	22.3	21.1	23.5
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	3,540	1,670	1,875	13.8	13.6	13.9
Americas	530	245	290	2.1	2.0	2.1
United States of America	290	135	155	1.1	1.1	1.1
Mexico	60	30	35	0.2	0.2	0.3
Cuba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	55	30	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
Brazil	60	25	40	0.2	0.2	0.3
Colombia	15	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Americas	45	30	20	0.2	0.2	0.1
Europe	430	225	210	1.7	1.8	1.6
Belgium	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
France	40	20	20	0.2	0.2	0.1
Germany	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Switzerland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romania	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Russian Federation	40	15	20	0.2	0.1	0.1
Ukraine	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	160	110	50	0.6	0.9	0.4
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Europe	80	25	50	0.3	0.2	0.4
Africa	110	65	50	0.4	0.5	0.4
Nigeria	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	20	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Africa	50	25	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
Asia	2,415	1,120	1,300	9.4	9.2	9.6
Iran⁸⁸	65	30	30	0.3	0.2	0.2
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Syria⁸⁹	55	30	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
Turkey	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
China⁹⁰	875	395	475	3.4	3.2	3.5
Taiwan	60	35	25	0.2	0.3	0.2
Hong Kong⁹¹	65	30	30	0.3	0.2	0.2
Japan	40	10	30	0.2	0.1	0.2
Korea, South⁹²	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Philippines	240	85	155	0.9	0.7	1.1
Viet Nam	205	90	110	0.8	0.7	0.8
Bangladesh	35	10	25	0.1	0.1	0.2
Sri Lanka	35	20	15	0.1	0.2	0.1
India	565	305	255	2.2	2.5	1.9
Pakistan	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Other locations of study in Asia	90	25	70	0.3	0.2	0.5
Oceania	50	25	30	0.2	0.2	0.2
Australia	50	25	30	0.2	0.2	0.2
New Zealand	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	43,375	20,720	22,655	...	...	...
In the labour force	28,585	14,560	14,025	...	...	...
Employed	25,950	13,085	12,860	...	...	...
Unemployed	2,635	1,475	1,160	...	...	...
Not in the labour force	14,790	6,160	8,635	...	...	...
Participation rate	65.9	70.3	61.9	65.9	70.3	61.9
Employment rate	59.8	63.2	56.8	59.8	63.2	56.8
Unemployment rate	9.2	10.1	8.3	9.2	10.1	8.3
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	43,375	20,720	22,655	100.0	100.0	100.0
Did not work¹⁸⁶	14,980	6,395	8,585	34.5	30.9	37.9
Worked	28,395	14,325	14,070	65.5	69.1	62.1
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	15,010	7,820	7,190	34.6	37.7	31.7
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	13,380	6,505	6,880	30.8	31.4	30.4
Average weeks worked in reference year	40.9	41.2	40.7	40.9	41.2	40.7
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	28,585	14,565	14,020	100.0	100.0	100.0
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	600	320	280	2.1	2.2	2.0
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	27,985	14,245	13,740	97.9	97.8	98.0
Employee	25,145	12,490	12,660	88.0	85.8	90.3
Permanent position	19,105	9,530	9,575	66.8	65.4	68.3
Temporary position	6,045	2,955	3,085	21.1	20.3	22.0
Fixed term (1 year or more)	1,870	845	1,025	6.5	5.8	7.3
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	4,170	2,110	2,060	14.6	14.5	14.7
Self-employed¹⁹²	2,840	1,760	1,085	9.9	12.1	7.7
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	28,585	14,565	14,020	100.0	100.0	100.0
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	600	320	280	2.1	2.2	2.0
All occupations¹⁹¹	27,985	14,245	13,740	97.9	97.8	98.0
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	315	180	135	1.1	1.2	1.0
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	4,530	1,565	2,965	15.8	10.7	21.1
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	2,355	1,820	540	8.2	12.5	3.9
3 Health occupations	2,505	520	1,985	8.8	3.6	14.2
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	4,320	1,410	2,905	15.1	9.7	20.7
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	895	460	440	3.1	3.2	3.1
6 Sales and service occupations	8,205	3,975	4,225	28.7	27.3	30.1
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	3,460	3,230	235	12.1	22.2	1.7
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	620	495	120	2.2	3.4	0.9
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	780	595	185	2.7	4.1	1.3
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	28,585	14,565	14,020	100.0	100.0	100.0
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	600	320	280	2.1	2.2	2.0
All industries¹⁹¹	27,985	14,245	13,740	97.9	97.8	98.0
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	520	405	115	1.8	2.8	0.8
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	50	45	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
22 Utilities	170	120	50	0.6	0.8	0.4
23 Construction	1,605	1,485	120	5.6	10.2	0.9
31-33 Manufacturing	1,480	1,075	405	5.2	7.4	2.9
41 Wholesale trade	350	260	85	1.2	1.8	0.6
44-45 Retail trade	3,700	1,870	1,830	12.9	12.8	13.1
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	870	715	150	3.0	4.9	1.1
51 Information and cultural industries	345	200	140	1.2	1.4	1.0
52 Finance and insurance	900	405	490	3.1	2.8	3.5
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	430	250	180	1.5	1.7	1.3
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	2,165	1,310	855	7.6	9.0	6.1
55 Management of companies and enterprises	50	20	30	0.2	0.1	0.2
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	1,255	760	495	4.4	5.2	3.5
61 Educational services	2,465	855	1,615	8.6	5.9	11.5
62 Health care and social assistance	3,915	810	3,100	13.7	5.6	22.1
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	695	395	295	2.4	2.7	2.1
72 Accommodation and food services	2,455	1,235	1,220	8.6	8.5	8.7
81 Other services (except public administration)	1,140	410	730	4.0	2.8	5.2
91 Public administration	3,440	1,605	1,835	12.0	11.0	13.1
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	30,755	15,550	15,205	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	28,875	14,720	14,155	93.9	94.7	93.1
French	160	45	110	0.5	0.3	0.7
Non-official language	190	95	90	0.6	0.6	0.6
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	190	95	90	0.6	0.6	0.6
English and French	895	370	525	2.9	2.4	3.5
English and non-official language(s)	625	315	310	2.0	2.0	2.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	30,755	15,550	15,205	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	30,535	15,435	15,100	99.3	99.3	99.3
Official languages	30,195	15,265	14,925	98.2	98.2	98.2
English	29,865	15,155	14,710	97.1	97.5	96.7
French	325	115	210	1.1	0.7	1.4
Non-official languages	345	165	180	1.1	1.1	1.2
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	345	165	180	1.1	1.1	1.2
Afro-Asiatic languages	15	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	15	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	15	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	45	35	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	45	35	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	15	15	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	260	110	150	0.8	0.7	1.0
Chinese languages	255	105	150	0.8	0.7	1.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	240	100	145	0.8	0.6	1.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	15	10	10	0.0	0.1	0.1
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	220	115	100	0.7	0.7	0.7
English and French	65	30	35	0.2	0.2	0.2
English and non-official language(s)	155	85	65	0.5	0.5	0.4
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	30,755	15,550	15,205	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	29,415	14,960	14,445	95.6	96.2	95.0
English	310	135	180	1.0	0.9	1.2
French	670	280	385	2.2	1.8	2.5
Non-official language	290	150	145	0.9	1.0	1.0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	280	140	145	0.9	0.9	1.0
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	60	25	35	0.2	0.2	0.2
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	25,950	13,090	12,865	100.0	100.0	100.0
Worked at home	4,245	2,140	2,110	16.4	16.3	16.4
Worked outside Canada	100	65	40	0.4	0.5	0.3
No fixed workplace address	2,765	2,035	730	10.7	15.5	5.7
Usual place of work	18,835	8,850	9,990	72.6	67.6	77.7
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	18,835	8,850	9,985	100.0	100.0	100.0
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	12,280	5,550	6,730	65.2	62.7	67.4
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	5,030	2,380	2,650	26.7	26.9	26.5
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	910	615	290	4.8	6.9	2.9
Commute to a different province or territory	620	305	320	3.3	3.4	3.2
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	21,600	10,880	10,715	100.0	100.0	100.0
Car, truck or van	18,835	9,620	9,215	87.2	88.4	86.0
Car, truck or van - as a driver	17,040	8,950	8,090	78.9	82.3	75.5
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	1,795	670	1,130	8.3	6.2	10.5
Public transit	705	305	400	3.3	2.8	3.7
Walked	1,590	730	860	7.4	6.7	8.0
Bicycle	105	55	45	0.5	0.5	0.4
Other method	365	170	195	1.7	1.6	1.8
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	21,600	10,880	10,715	100.0	100.0	100.0
Less than 15 minutes	12,675	5,930	6,740	58.7	54.5	62.9
15 to 29 minutes	6,510	3,320	3,195	30.1	30.5	29.8
30 to 44 minutes	1,395	905	490	6.5	8.3	4.6
45 to 59 minutes	575	395	185	2.7	3.6	1.7
60 minutes and over	440	330	105	2.0	3.0	1.0
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	21,600	10,880	10,715	100.0	100.0	100.0
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	770	495	270	3.6	4.5	2.5
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	2,710	1,580	1,130	12.5	14.5	10.5
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	6,845	3,490	3,350	31.7	32.1	31.3
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	5,525	2,425	3,100	25.6	22.3	28.9
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	2,850	1,355	1,495	13.2	12.5	14.0
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	2,895	1,525	1,370	13.4	14.0	12.8
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	9,525	4,870	4,645	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	745	360	380	7.8	7.4	8.2
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	8,780	4,515	4,270	92.2	92.7	91.9
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	7,170	3,660	3,510	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	590	270	320	8.2	7.4	9.1
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	370	165	200	5.2	4.5	5.7
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	225	105	120	3.1	2.9	3.4
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	6,580	3,385	3,190	91.8	92.5	90.9

Symbol legend

...
not applicable
^r
revised

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 30, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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