Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	Campbell RiverMore information: British Columbia [Population centre]
	Counts			Rates
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	38,108	...	...	...	...	...
Population, 2016¹	35,440^r	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	7.5	...	...	7.5	...	...
Total private dwellings²	17,246	...	...	...	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	16,562	...	...	...	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	1,154.7	...	...	1,154.7	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	33.00	...	...	...	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	38,105	18,720	19,390	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	5,595	2,905	2,690	14.7	15.5	13.9
0 to 4 years	1,580	830	750	4.1	4.4	3.9
5 to 9 years	1,945	1,015	935	5.1	5.4	4.8
10 to 14 years	2,075	1,060	1,015	5.4	5.7	5.2
15 to 64 years	22,650	11,140	11,515	59.4	59.5	59.4
15 to 19 years	1,900	995	905	5.0	5.3	4.7
20 to 24 years	1,645	875	770	4.3	4.7	4.0
25 to 29 years	1,865	925	940	4.9	4.9	4.8
30 to 34 years	2,185	1,085	1,100	5.7	5.8	5.7
35 to 39 years	2,300	1,135	1,165	6.0	6.1	6.0
40 to 44 years	2,285	1,125	1,160	6.0	6.0	6.0
45 to 49 years	2,115	1,005	1,105	5.6	5.4	5.7
50 to 54 years	2,260	1,090	1,175	5.9	5.8	6.1
55 to 59 years	2,785	1,305	1,485	7.3	7.0	7.7
60 to 64 years	3,305	1,590	1,710	8.7	8.5	8.8
65 years and over	9,855	4,675	5,180	25.9	25.0	26.7
65 to 69 years	3,225	1,525	1,705	8.5	8.1	8.8
70 to 74 years	2,785	1,365	1,420	7.3	7.3	7.3
75 to 79 years	1,800	895	905	4.7	4.8	4.7
80 to 84 years	1,040	495	550	2.7	2.6	2.8
85 years and over	1,005	405	600	2.6	2.2	3.1
85 to 89 years	605	265	345	1.6	1.4	1.8
90 to 94 years	315	115	195	0.8	0.6	1.0
95 to 99 years	75	15	60	0.2	0.1	0.3
100 years and over	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	14.7	15.5	13.9	14.7	15.5	13.9
15 to 64 years	59.4	59.5	59.4	59.4	59.5	59.4
65 years and over	25.9	25.0	26.7	25.9	25.0	26.7
85 years and over	2.6	2.2	3.1	2.6	2.2	3.1
Average age of the population	45.7	44.8	46.6	45.7	44.8	46.6
Median age of the population	48.0	46.4	49.2	48.0	46.4	49.2
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	16,560	...	...	100.0	...	...
Single-detached house	10,285	...	...	62.1	...	...
Semi-detached house	825	...	...	5.0	...	...
Row house	1,060	...	...	6.4	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	720	...	...	4.3	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	2,835	...	...	17.1	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Other single-attached house	5	...	...	0.0	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	830	...	...	5.0	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	16,565	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 person	4,760	...	...	28.7	...	...
2 persons	6,895	...	...	41.6	...	...
3 persons	2,170	...	...	13.1	...	...
4 persons	1,795	...	...	10.8	...	...
5 or more persons	940	...	...	5.7	...	...
Number of persons in private households	37,415	18,435	18,975	100.0	100.0	100.0
Average household size	2.3	...	...	2.3	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	32,505	15,815	16,695	100.0	100.0	100.0
Married or living common-law	19,430	9,700	9,725	59.8	61.3	58.3
Married	15,295	7,640	7,660	47.1	48.3	45.9
Living common-law	4,135	2,065	2,065	12.7	13.1	12.4
Living common law - Never married	2,660	1,350	1,315	8.2	8.5	7.9
Living common law - Separated	250	120	130	0.8	0.8	0.8
Living common law - Divorced	1,045	535	510	3.2	3.4	3.1
Living common law - Widowed	175	65	110	0.5	0.4	0.7
Not married and not living common-law	13,080	6,110	6,970	40.2	38.6	41.7
Not married and not living common law - Never married	7,480	4,195	3,285	23.0	26.5	19.7
Not married and not living common law - Separated	1,000	455	550	3.1	2.9	3.3
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	2,610	1,030	1,580	8.0	6.5	9.5
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	1,990	435	1,555	6.1	2.8	9.3
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	11,315	...	...	100.0	...	...
2 persons	7,030	...	...	62.1	...	...
3 persons	2,040	...	...	18.0	...	...
4 persons	1,625	...	...	14.4	...	...
5 or more persons	620	...	...	5.5	...	...
Average size of census families	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.7	...	...	1.7	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	11,310	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total couple families	9,475	...	...	83.8	...	...
Married couples	7,405	...	...	65.5	...	...
With children⁶	2,810	...	...	24.8	...	...
Without children	4,590	...	...	40.6	...	...
Common-law couples	2,070	...	...	18.3	...	...
With children⁶	755	...	...	6.7	...	...
Without children	1,310	...	...	11.6	...	...
Total one-parent families	1,840	...	...	16.3	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	1,395	...	...	12.3	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	445	...	...	3.9	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	37,415	18,435	18,975	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total - Persons in census families	29,980	14,860	15,120	80.1	80.6	79.7
Married spouses or common-law partners	18,940	9,455	9,485	50.6	51.3	50.0
Parents in one-parent families	1,840	445	1,395	4.9	2.4	7.4
Children⁶	9,200	4,955	4,245	24.6	26.9	22.4
In a two-parent family	6,375	3,400	2,970	17.0	18.4	15.7
In a one-parent family	2,825	1,555	1,265	7.6	8.4	6.7
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	7,430	3,575	3,850	19.9	19.4	20.3
Living alone	4,755	2,130	2,630	12.7	11.6	13.9
Living with other relatives⁷	805	385	420	2.2	2.1	2.2
Living with non-relatives only	1,865	1,060	800	5.0	5.7	4.2
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	16,565	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	10,025	...	...	60.5	...	...
Couple-family households	8,615	...	...	52.0	...	...
With children⁶	3,195	...	...	19.3	...	...
Without children	5,415	...	...	32.7	...	...
One-parent-family households	1,415	...	...	8.5	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	320	...	...	1.9	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	90	...	...	0.5	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	635	...	...	3.8	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	730	...	...	4.4	...	...
One-person households	4,760	...	...	28.7	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	31,820	15,535	16,285	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	31,035	15,140	15,900	97.5	97.5	97.6
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	40,000	47,600	34,800	40,000	47,600	34,800
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	31,070	15,160	15,915	97.6	97.6	97.7
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	36,800	42,800	32,400	36,800	42,800	32,400
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	27,610	13,745	13,865	86.8	88.5	85.1
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	31,800	40,400	25,200	31,800	40,400	25,200
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	20,465	10,400	10,065	64.3	66.9	61.8
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	34,400	44,800	28,200	34,400	44,800	28,200
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	26,690	12,485	14,200	83.9	80.4	87.2
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	12,900	12,800	12,900	12,900	12,800	12,900
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	3,445	1,730	1,715	10.8	11.1	10.5
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,480	5,480	5,480	5,480	5,480	5,480
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	7,730	3,575	4,160	24.3	23.0	25.5
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	31,945	15,605	16,335	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	31,075	15,185	15,890	97.3	97.3	97.3
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	49,680	58,200	41,560	49,680	58,200	41,560
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	31,130	15,230	15,905	97.4	97.6	97.4
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	42,880	49,120	36,880	42,880	49,120	36,880
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	27,800	13,870	13,925	87.0	88.9	85.2
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	43,160	52,450	33,920	43,160	52,450	33,920
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	20,545	10,465	10,080	64.3	67.1	61.7
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	44,920	54,150	35,400	44,920	54,150	35,400
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	26,685	12,545	14,145	83.5	80.4	86.6
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	12,860	12,420	13,260	12,860	12,420	13,260
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	3,370	1,720	1,645	10.5	11.0	10.1
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,690	6,235	7,170	6,690	6,235	7,170
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	7,485	3,615	3,870	23.4	23.2	23.7
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,630	8,200	9,030	8,630	8,200	9,030
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	31,950	15,605	16,340	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	8,615	4,750	3,860	27.0	30.4	23.6
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	58,800	68,000	51,600	58,800	68,000	51,600
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	67,300	76,300	56,200	67,300	76,300	56,200
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	8,935	4,155	4,775	28.0	26.6	29.2
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	21,200	26,600	17,800	21,200	26,600	17,800
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	32,440	41,080	24,920	32,440	41,080	24,920
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	77.8	82.4	71.6	77.8	82.4	71.6
Employment income (%)¹⁹	59.8	64.2	54.1	59.8	64.2	54.1
Government transfers (%)²⁰	22.2	17.6	28.4	22.2	17.6	28.4
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.5	1.2	1.8	1.5	1.2	1.8
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	5.4	4.2	7.0	5.4	4.2	7.0
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	4.2	3.4	5.3	4.2	3.4	5.3
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	31,825	15,535	16,290	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without total income	785	400	385	2.5	2.6	2.4
With total income	31,040	15,135	15,900	97.5	97.4	97.6
Under $10,000 (including loss)	2,160	870	1,290	7.0	5.7	8.1
$10,000 to $19,999	3,750	1,395	2,355	12.1	9.2	14.8
$20,000 to $29,999	5,030	2,025	3,005	16.2	13.4	18.9
$30,000 to $39,999	4,505	1,970	2,535	14.5	13.0	15.9
$40,000 to $49,999	3,860	1,735	2,120	12.4	11.5	13.3
$50,000 to $59,999	2,995	1,475	1,525	9.6	9.7	9.6
$60,000 to $69,999	2,080	1,175	905	6.7	7.8	5.7
$70,000 to $79,999	1,770	1,075	695	5.7	7.1	4.4
$80,000 to $89,999	1,225	750	470	3.9	5.0	3.0
$90,000 to $99,999	990	645	345	3.2	4.3	2.2
$100,000 and over	2,685	2,025	655	8.7	13.4	4.1
$100,000 to $149,999	1,895	1,390	500	6.1	9.2	3.1
$150,000 and over	795	635	155	2.6	4.2	1.0
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	31,825	15,535	16,290	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without after-tax income	750	380	370	2.4	2.4	2.3
With after-tax income	31,075	15,155	15,915	97.6	97.6	97.7
Under $10,000 (including loss)	2,295	920	1,375	7.4	6.1	8.6
$10,000 to $19,999	3,880	1,445	2,435	12.5	9.5	15.3
$20,000 to $29,999	5,725	2,315	3,410	18.4	15.3	21.4
$30,000 to $39,999	5,080	2,255	2,825	16.3	14.9	17.8
$40,000 to $49,999	4,290	2,035	2,255	13.8	13.4	14.2
$50,000 to $59,999	2,980	1,615	1,360	9.6	10.7	8.5
$60,000 to $69,999	2,225	1,360	860	7.2	9.0	5.4
$70,000 to $79,999	1,500	940	560	4.8	6.2	3.5
$80,000 to $89,999	1,085	740	345	3.5	4.9	2.2
$90,000 to $99,999	610	440	165	2.0	2.9	1.0
$100,000 and over	1,405	1,085	320	4.5	7.2	2.0
$100,000 to $124,999	780	595	185	2.5	3.9	1.2
$125,000 and over	625	490	140	2.0	3.2	0.9
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	31,825	15,535	16,290	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without employment income	11,360	5,135	6,225	35.7	33.1	38.2
With employment income	20,460	10,395	10,065	64.3	66.9	61.8
Under $5,000 (including loss)	3,050	1,435	1,610	14.9	13.8	16.0
$5,000 to $9,999	1,640	655	990	8.0	6.3	9.8
$10,000 to $19,999	2,395	1,005	1,385	11.7	9.7	13.8
$20,000 to $29,999	2,230	940	1,290	10.9	9.0	12.8
$30,000 to $39,999	1,920	795	1,120	9.4	7.6	11.1
$40,000 to $49,999	1,805	790	1,015	8.8	7.6	10.1
$50,000 to $59,999	1,605	800	805	7.8	7.7	8.0
$60,000 to $69,999	1,215	715	505	5.9	6.9	5.0
$70,000 to $79,999	1,125	705	420	5.5	6.8	4.2
$80,000 to $89,999	810	520	290	4.0	5.0	2.9
$90,000 to $99,999	735	490	240	3.6	4.7	2.4
$100,000 and over	1,945	1,545	405	9.5	14.9	4.0
$100,000 to $124,999	965	730	235	4.7	7.0	2.3
$125,000 and over	980	815	170	4.8	7.8	1.7
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	31,820	15,535	16,285	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	30,475	14,830	15,645	95.8	95.5	96.1
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	38,000	46,800	31,200	38,000	46,800	31,200
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	30,545	14,840	15,700	96.0	95.5	96.4
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	34,400	41,600	28,800	34,400	41,600	28,800
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	27,575	13,690	13,885	86.7	88.1	85.3
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	32,800	42,400	26,000	32,800	42,400	26,000
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	21,880	11,135	10,740	68.8	71.7	66.0
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	32,800	42,000	27,200	32,800	42,000	27,200
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	22,215	9,855	12,360	69.8	63.4	75.9
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	10,400	11,800	9,700	10,400	11,800	9,700
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	2,890	1,530	1,360	9.1	9.8	8.4
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	5,400	5,520	5,280	5,400	5,520	5,280
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	31,945	15,605	16,335	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	30,520	14,860	15,660	95.5	95.2	95.9
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	48,560	58,000	39,600	48,560	58,000	39,600
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	30,570	14,865	15,705	95.7	95.3	96.1
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	41,200	48,320	34,400	41,200	48,320	34,400
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	27,760	13,755	14,005	86.9	88.1	85.7
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	44,800	54,800	35,000	44,800	54,800	35,000
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	22,070	11,200	10,865	69.1	71.8	66.5
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	43,280	52,250	34,040	43,280	52,250	34,040
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	22,185	9,860	12,315	69.4	63.2	75.4
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	10,720	10,920	10,560	10,720	10,920	10,560
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	2,760	1,405	1,360	8.6	9.0	8.3
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,920	6,890	6,940	6,920	6,890	6,940
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	31,950	15,605	16,340	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	8,610	4,750	3,855	26.9	30.4	23.6
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	54,400	64,500	48,000	54,400	64,500	48,000
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	63,300	73,100	51,200	63,300	73,100	51,200
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	8,515	3,940	4,575	26.7	25.2	28.0
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	26,800	33,600	22,000	26,800	33,600	22,000
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	37,760	47,760	29,120	37,760	47,760	29,120
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	84.0	87.6	79.0	84.0	87.6	79.0
Employment income (%)	64.4	67.8	59.6	64.4	67.8	59.6
Government transfers (%)	16.0	12.5	21.0	16.0	12.5	21.0
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.3	1.1	1.5	1.3	1.1	1.5
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	16,560	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	78,000	...	...	78,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	70,500	...	...	70,500	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	4,760	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	39,600	...	...	39,600	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	36,400	...	...	36,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	11,805	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	97,000	...	...	97,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	86,000	...	...	86,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	16,600	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	93,000	...	...	93,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	80,400	...	...	80,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	4,770	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	48,240	...	...	48,240	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	42,200	...	...	42,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	11,830	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	111,000	...	...	111,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	95,800	...	...	95,800	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	16,560	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	130	...	...	0.8	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	50	...	...	0.3	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	115	...	...	0.7	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	310	...	...	1.9	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	745	...	...	4.5	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	570	...	...	3.4	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	555	...	...	3.4	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	745	...	...	4.5	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	720	...	...	4.3	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	725	...	...	4.4	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	1,420	...	...	8.6	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	1,240	...	...	7.5	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	1,180	...	...	7.1	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	1,130	...	...	6.8	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	990	...	...	6.0	...	...
$100,000 and over	5,935	...	...	35.8	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,920	...	...	11.6	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,420	...	...	8.6	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	1,555	...	...	9.4	...	...
$200,000 and over	1,040	...	...	6.3	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	16,560	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	140	...	...	0.8	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	55	...	...	0.3	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	120	...	...	0.7	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	325	...	...	2.0	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	780	...	...	4.7	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	645	...	...	3.9	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	640	...	...	3.9	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	865	...	...	5.2	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	795	...	...	4.8	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	805	...	...	4.9	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	1,570	...	...	9.5	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	1,480	...	...	8.9	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	1,380	...	...	8.3	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	1,205	...	...	7.3	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	1,030	...	...	6.2	...	...
$100,000 and over	4,730	...	...	28.6	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,960	...	...	11.8	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,230	...	...	7.4	...	...
$150,000 and over	1,540	...	...	9.3	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	11,220	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	96,000	...	...	96,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	86,000	...	...	86,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	5,555	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	86,000	...	...	86,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	77,500	...	...	77,500	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	3,600	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	131,000	...	...	131,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	114,000	...	...	114,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	3.9	...	...	3.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	1,750	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	62,400	...	...	62,400	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	58,800	...	...	58,800	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	6,620	3,190	3,430	...	...	...
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	37,600	39,600	36,000	37,600	39,600	36,000
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	34,800	36,400	33,600	34,800	36,400	33,600
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	11,265	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	110,000	...	...	110,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	94,800	...	...	94,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	5,550	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	100,500	...	...	100,500	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	85,700	...	...	85,700	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	3,635	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	141,400	...	...	141,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	121,100	...	...	121,100	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,720	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	73,400	...	...	73,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	66,700	...	...	66,700	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	6,560	3,175	3,385	...	...	...
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	46,400	50,520	42,520	46,400	50,520	42,520
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	40,680	43,200	38,280	40,680	43,200	38,280
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	37,410	18,440	18,975	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	6,735	3,505	3,235	18.0	19.0	17.0
0 to 5 years	1,970	1,030	940	5.3	5.6	5.0
18 to 64 years	21,340	10,440	10,900	57.0	56.6	57.4
65 years and over	9,340	4,490	4,845	25.0	24.3	25.5
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	3,740	1,715	2,025	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	835	450	385	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	240	135	105	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	1,730	820	910	...	...	...
65 years and over	1,170	445	725	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	10.0	9.3	10.7	10.0	9.3	10.7
0 to 17 years (%)	12.4	12.9	11.9	12.4	12.9	11.9
0 to 5 years (%)	12.2	13.4	11.0	12.2	13.4	11.0
18 to 64 years (%)	8.1	7.8	8.4	8.1	7.8	8.4
65 years and over (%)	12.5	9.9	15.0	12.5	9.9	15.0
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	36,725	18,095	18,630	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	6,580	3,430	3,150	17.9	19.0	16.9
0 to 5 years	1,930	1,015	920	5.3	5.6	4.9
18 to 64 years	20,915	10,220	10,695	57.0	56.5	57.4
65 years and over	9,230	4,440	4,790	25.1	24.5	25.7
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	1,190	620	565	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	265	145	120	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	65	35	25	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	800	425	375	...	...	...
65 years and over	120	50	75	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	3.2	3.4	3.0	3.2	3.4	3.0
0 to 17 years (%)	4.0	4.3	3.8	4.0	4.3	3.8
0 to 5 years (%)	3.3	3.8	2.8	3.3	3.8	2.8
18 to 64 years (%)	3.8	4.1	3.5	3.8	4.1	3.5
65 years and over (%)	1.3	1.1	1.5	1.3	1.1	1.5
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	37,410	18,435	18,975	100.0	100.0	100.0
In bottom half of the distribution	19,425	9,225	10,200	51.9	50.0	53.8
In bottom decile	3,430	1,650	1,780	9.2	9.0	9.4
In second decile	4,005	1,795	2,210	10.7	9.7	11.6
In third decile	3,885	1,855	2,030	10.4	10.1	10.7
In fourth decile	4,035	1,955	2,085	10.8	10.6	11.0
In fifth decile	4,065	1,970	2,095	10.9	10.7	11.0
In top half of the distribution	17,990	9,215	8,775	48.1	50.0	46.2
In sixth decile	3,935	1,960	1,970	10.5	10.6	10.4
In seventh decile	3,920	2,010	1,905	10.5	10.9	10.0
In eighth decile	3,805	1,945	1,865	10.2	10.6	9.8
In ninth decile	3,465	1,815	1,650	9.3	9.8	8.7
In top decile	2,865	1,485	1,380	7.7	8.1	7.3
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	37,415	...	...	37,415	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.297	...	...	0.297	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.429	...	...	0.429	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.265	...	...	0.265	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.5	...	...	3.5	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	37,795	18,590	19,205	100.0	100.0	100.0
English only	35,060	17,365	17,695	92.8	93.4	92.1
French only	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and French	2,600	1,170	1,435	6.9	6.3	7.5
Neither English nor French	115	50	70	0.3	0.3	0.4
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	37,795	18,590	19,205	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	37,175	18,295	18,875	98.4	98.4	98.3
French	470	230	240	1.2	1.2	1.2
English and French	40	25	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Neither English nor French	105	45	65	0.3	0.2	0.3
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	37,795	18,590	19,205	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	37,315	18,370	18,945	98.7	98.8	98.6
Official languages	34,930	17,240	17,695	92.4	92.7	92.1
English	34,415	16,995	17,420	91.1	91.4	90.7
French	520	245	275	1.4	1.3	1.4
Non-official languages	2,385	1,130	1,250	6.3	6.1	6.5
Indigenous languages³⁹	50	20	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Algonquian languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	35	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	35	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	2,330	1,110	1,225	6.2	6.0	6.4
Afro-Asiatic languages	40	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	40	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	35	20	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	150	75	75	0.4	0.4	0.4
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	150	75	75	0.4	0.4	0.4
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	265	100	170	0.7	0.5	0.9
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	20	5	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Indonesian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	210	80	125	0.6	0.4	0.7
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	50	30	20	0.1	0.2	0.1
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	25	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Tamil	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	1,395	695	700	3.7	3.7	3.6
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	260	120	135	0.7	0.6	0.7
Baltic languages	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	255	115	140	0.7	0.6	0.7
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	45	25	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	70	30	45	0.2	0.2	0.2
Russian	30	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	45	25	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	35	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Serbian	10	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	20	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	30	20	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	595	295	295	1.6	1.6	1.5
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	360	180	175	1.0	1.0	0.9
German	330	170	160	0.9	0.9	0.8
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	155	80	80	0.4	0.4	0.4
Afrikaans	40	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Dutch	110	55	55	0.3	0.3	0.3
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	75	40	40	0.2	0.2	0.2
Danish	30	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	15	10	5	0.0	0.1	0.0
Swedish	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	235	125	110	0.6	0.7	0.6
Indo-Aryan languages	230	120	105	0.6	0.6	0.5
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	30	20	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	10	10	5	0.0	0.1	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	155	80	70	0.4	0.4	0.4
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	10	10	5	0.0	0.1	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	285	140	145	0.8	0.8	0.8
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	75	40	35	0.2	0.2	0.2
Portuguese	45	20	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Romanian	15	10	10	0.0	0.1	0.1
Spanish	150	75	80	0.4	0.4	0.4
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	55	20	40	0.1	0.1	0.2
Korean	80	35	45	0.2	0.2	0.2
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	15	15	5	0.0	0.1	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	155	70	85	0.4	0.4	0.4
Chinese languages	155	70	85	0.4	0.4	0.4
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	65	25	40	0.2	0.1	0.2
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	80	40	40	0.2	0.2	0.2
Chinese, n.o.s.	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	25	5	20	0.1	0.0	0.1
Lao	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	25	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.1
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	75	40	40	0.2	0.2	0.2
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	45	20	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Hungarian	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	480	220	255	1.3	1.2	1.3
English and French	140	60	85	0.4	0.3	0.4
English and non-official language(s)	295	145	145	0.8	0.8	0.8
French and non-official language(s)	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	35	10	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	37,795	18,590	19,205	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	35,280	17,415	17,865	93.3	93.7	93.0
French	85	45	40	0.2	0.2	0.2
Non-official language	390	190	205	1.0	1.0	1.1
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	390	190	205	1.0	1.0	1.1
English and French	365	165	200	1.0	0.9	1.0
English and non-official language(s)	1,580	735	845	4.2	4.0	4.4
French and non-official language(s)	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	60	30	30	0.2	0.2	0.2
Multiple non-official languages	35	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	37,795	18,590	19,205	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	37,485	18,445	19,045	99.2	99.2	99.2
Official languages	36,685	18,055	18,630	97.1	97.1	97.0
English	36,565	17,995	18,565	96.7	96.8	96.7
French	120	65	60	0.3	0.3	0.3
Non-official languages	805	385	415	2.1	2.1	2.2
Indigenous languages³⁹	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	800	385	415	2.1	2.1	2.2
Afro-Asiatic languages	20	15	5	0.1	0.1	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	20	15	5	0.1	0.1	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	20	15	5	0.1	0.1	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	110	50	55	0.3	0.3	0.3
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	110	50	55	0.3	0.3	0.3
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	105	50	55	0.3	0.3	0.3
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	95	45	50	0.3	0.2	0.3
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	30	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	345	165	175	0.9	0.9	0.9
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	60	25	35	0.2	0.1	0.2
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	60	25	35	0.2	0.1	0.2
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	15	10	10	0.0	0.1	0.1
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	15	10	10	0.0	0.1	0.1
Russian	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	15	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	10	10	5	0.0	0.1	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	50	25	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	20	5	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
German	15	10	10	0.0	0.1	0.1
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	30	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Afrikaans	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Dutch	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	135	65	65	0.4	0.3	0.3
Indo-Aryan languages	135	65	65	0.4	0.3	0.3
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	20	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	95	40	50	0.3	0.2	0.3
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	95	50	45	0.3	0.3	0.2
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	15	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Romanian	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	60	30	25	0.2	0.2	0.1
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	20	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Korean	55	20	30	0.1	0.1	0.2
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	15	10	5	0.0	0.1	0.0
American Sign Language	15	10	5	0.0	0.1	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	75	35	35	0.2	0.2	0.2
Chinese languages	75	35	35	0.2	0.2	0.2
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	30	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	35	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Chinese, n.o.s.	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	305	145	160	0.8	0.8	0.8
English and French	45	25	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
English and non-official language(s)	255	120	130	0.7	0.6	0.7
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	37,795	18,590	19,200	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	36,015	17,765	18,250	95.3	95.6	95.1
English	355	175	185	0.9	0.9	1.0
French	300	130	165	0.8	0.7	0.9
Non-official language	940	435	505	2.5	2.3	2.6
Indigenous³⁹	90	45	45	0.2	0.2	0.2
Non-Indigenous	850	395	455	2.2	2.1	2.4
English and French	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	55	20	30	0.1	0.1	0.2
French and non-official language(s)	35	20	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	85	40	45	0.2	0.2	0.2
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	37,505	18,485	19,015	100.0	100.0	100.0
Official languages	37,390	18,435	18,950	99.7	99.7	99.7
English	37,380	18,435	18,945	99.7	99.7	99.6
French	2,590	1,230	1,355	6.9	6.7	7.1
Non-official languages	3,725	1,725	2,000	9.9	9.3	10.5
Indigenous languages³⁹	250	105	145	0.7	0.6	0.8
Algonquian languages	25	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	15	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	210	90	120	0.6	0.5	0.6
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	205	85	120	0.5	0.5	0.6
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	3,480	1,625	1,855	9.3	8.8	9.8
Afro-Asiatic languages	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	185	80	105	0.5	0.4	0.6
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	180	80	100	0.5	0.4	0.5
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	360	155	210	1.0	0.8	1.1
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Cebuano	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	65	20	45	0.2	0.1	0.2
Indonesian	15	15	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	340	135	205	0.9	0.7	1.1
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	50	30	15	0.1	0.2	0.1
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	40	25	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Tamil	30	25	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	2,350	1,095	1,260	6.3	5.9	6.6
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	290	130	160	0.8	0.7	0.8
Baltic languages	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Slavic languages	280	120	160	0.7	0.6	0.8
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	55	20	30	0.1	0.1	0.2
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	85	40	45	0.2	0.2	0.2
Russian	70	35	35	0.2	0.2	0.2
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	45	20	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Bosnian	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Croatian	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	45	20	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	20	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	840	365	475	2.2	2.0	2.5
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	485	205	280	1.3	1.1	1.5
German	475	200	275	1.3	1.1	1.4
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	30	0	25	0.1	0.0	0.1
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	280	125	155	0.7	0.7	0.8
Afrikaans	120	60	55	0.3	0.3	0.3
Dutch	155	60	95	0.4	0.3	0.5
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	15	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	105	50	55	0.3	0.3	0.3
Danish	35	20	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	30	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Swedish	45	30	15	0.1	0.2	0.1
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	30	20	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Indo-Iranian languages	425	230	200	1.1	1.2	1.1
Indo-Aryan languages	425	225	200	1.1	1.2	1.1
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	20	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Gujarati	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Hindi	265	120	140	0.7	0.6	0.7
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	40	25	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	225	115	115	0.6	0.6	0.6
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	20	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	820	395	425	2.2	2.1	2.2
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	110	60	50	0.3	0.3	0.3
Portuguese	125	50	75	0.3	0.3	0.4
Romanian	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Spanish	600	280	315	1.6	1.5	1.7
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	130	75	55	0.3	0.4	0.3
Korean	125	70	50	0.3	0.4	0.3
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	100	70	30	0.3	0.4	0.2
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	30	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	15	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	45	30	20	0.1	0.2	0.1
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	45	15	30	0.1	0.1	0.2
American Sign Language	35	10	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	115	55	60	0.3	0.3	0.3
Chinese languages	115	55	60	0.3	0.3	0.3
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	75	45	30	0.2	0.2	0.2
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	55	25	30	0.1	0.1	0.2
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	55	20	35	0.1	0.1	0.2
Lao	20	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Thai	45	10	35	0.1	0.1	0.2
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	85	40	45	0.2	0.2	0.2
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	45	20	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Hungarian	35	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	37,505	18,490	19,020	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	4,565	2,305	2,265	12.2	12.5	11.9
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	4,335	2,190	2,150	11.6	11.8	11.3
First Nations (North American Indian)	2,995	1,510	1,485	8.0	8.2	7.8
Métis	1,335	675	655	3.6	3.7	3.4
Inuk (Inuit)	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	80	40	35	0.2	0.2	0.2
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	150	70	80	0.4	0.4	0.4
Non-Indigenous identity	32,940	16,185	16,750	87.8	87.5	88.1
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	37,505	18,490	19,020	100.0	100.0	100.0
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	2,360	1,200	1,160	6.3	6.5	6.1
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	35,140	17,290	17,860	93.7	93.5	93.9
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	16,600	...	...	100.0	...	...
Owner	12,080	...	...	72.8	...	...
Renter	4,475	...	...	27.0	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	45	...	...	0.3	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	16,600	...	...	100.0	...	...
Condominium	1,965	...	...	11.8	...	...
Not condominium	14,635	...	...	88.2	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	16,600	...	...	100.0	...	...
No bedrooms	150	...	...	0.9	...	...
1 bedroom	1,325	...	...	8.0	...	...
2 bedrooms	4,235	...	...	25.5	...	...
3 bedrooms	7,070	...	...	42.6	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	3,820	...	...	23.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	16,600	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	3,970	...	...	23.9	...	...
5 rooms	3,025	...	...	18.2	...	...
6 rooms	2,710	...	...	16.3	...	...
7 rooms	2,030	...	...	12.2	...	...
8 or more rooms	4,865	...	...	29.3	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.3	...	...	6.3	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	16,600	...	...	100.0	...	...
One person or fewer per room	16,440	...	...	99.0	...	...
More than one person per room	155	...	...	0.9	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	16,600	...	...	100.0	...	...
Suitable	16,170	...	...	97.4	...	...
Not suitable	425	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	16,600	...	...	100.0	...	...
1960 or before	1,310	...	...	7.9	...	...
1961 to 1980	5,420	...	...	32.7	...	...
1981 to 1990	2,755	...	...	16.6	...	...
1991 to 2000	2,855	...	...	17.2	...	...
2001 to 2005	715	...	...	4.3	...	...
2006 to 2010	1,320	...	...	8.0	...	...
2011 to 2015	905	...	...	5.5	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	1,320	...	...	8.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	16,600	...	...	100.0	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	15,720	...	...	94.7	...	...
Major repairs needed	880	...	...	5.3	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	16,600	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-maintainer household	8,105	...	...	48.8	...	...
Two-maintainer household	7,780	...	...	46.9	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	710	...	...	4.3	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	16,600	...	...	100.0	...	...
15 to 24 years	365	...	...	2.2	...	...
25 to 34 years	1,800	...	...	10.8	...	...
35 to 44 years	2,420	...	...	14.6	...	...
45 to 54 years	2,580	...	...	15.5	...	...
55 to 64 years	3,465	...	...	20.9	...	...
65 to 74 years	3,620	...	...	21.8	...	...
75 to 84 years	1,850	...	...	11.1	...	...
85 years and over	495	...	...	3.0	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	16,290	...	...	100.0	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	12,835	...	...	78.8	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	3,450	...	...	21.2	...	...
30% to less than 100%	3,190	...	...	19.6	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	16,600	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	4,410	...	...	26.6	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	3,145	...	...	18.9	...	...
Not suitable only	335	...	...	2.0	...	...
Major repairs needed only	585	...	...	3.5	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	50	...	...	0.3	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	250	...	...	1.5	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	40	...	...	0.2	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Acceptable housing	12,190	...	...	73.4	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	16,030	...	...	100.0	...	...
In core need	1,820	...	...	11.4	...	...
Not in core need	14,205	...	...	88.6	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	11,880	...	...	...	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	55.8	...	...	55.8	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	14.8	...	...	14.8	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	6.3	...	...	6.3	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,050	...	...	1,050	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,298	...	...	1,298	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	536,000	...	...	536,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	570,000	...	...	570,000	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	4,450	...	...	...	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	12.7	...	...	12.7	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	38.3	...	...	38.3	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	25.2	...	...	25.2	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,180	...	...	1,180	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,252	...	...	1,252	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	45	...	...	...	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	0.0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	400	...	...	400	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	420	...	...	420	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	37,505	18,485	19,020	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	1,885	945	940	5.0	5.1	4.9
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	1,845	920	920	4.9	5.0	4.8
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	1,575	780	795	4.2	4.2	4.2
Métis single ancestry	270	135	130	0.7	0.7	0.7
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	40	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	40	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	2,970	1,490	1,480	7.9	8.1	7.8
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	2,900	1,445	1,450	7.7	7.8	7.6
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	2,155	1,080	1,075	5.7	5.8	5.7
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	710	355	355	1.9	1.9	1.9
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	30	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	70	40	25	0.2	0.2	0.1
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	60	30	25	0.2	0.2	0.1
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	32,645	16,050	16,600	87.0	86.8	87.3
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	37,500	18,485	19,015	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	36,335	17,905	18,430	96.9	96.9	96.9
Canadian citizens aged under 18	6,625	3,470	3,155	17.7	18.8	16.6
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	29,705	14,435	15,275	79.2	78.1	80.3
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	1,170	585	590	3.1	3.2	3.1
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	37,500	18,485	19,015	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	33,345	16,540	16,800	88.9	89.5	88.4
Immigrants⁸¹	3,935	1,820	2,110	10.5	9.8	11.1
Before 1980	1,845	860	990	4.9	4.7	5.2
1980 to 1990	410	175	235	1.1	0.9	1.2
1991 to 2000	390	125	270	1.0	0.7	1.4
2001 to 2010	505	260	250	1.3	1.4	1.3
2011 to 2021⁸²	775	405	370	2.1	2.2	1.9
2011 to 2015	355	185	170	0.9	1.0	0.9
2016 to 2021	415	220	195	1.1	1.2	1.0
Non-permanent residents⁸³	225	120	105	0.6	0.6	0.6
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	3,935	1,820	2,110	100.0	100.0	100.0
Under 5 years	510	265	250	13.0	14.6	11.8
5 to 14 years	845	360	480	21.5	19.8	22.7
15 to 24 years	755	295	455	19.2	16.2	21.6
25 to 44 years	1,525	745	780	38.8	40.9	37.0
45 years and over	300	150	145	7.6	8.2	6.9
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	3,935	1,820	2,110	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	530	245	280	13.5	13.5	13.3
Brazil	25	15	15	0.6	0.8	0.7
Colombia	10	0	10	0.3	0.0	0.5
El Salvador	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyana	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	20	0	10	0.5	0.0	0.5
Mexico	25	0	20	0.6	0.0	0.9
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	375	190	185	9.5	10.4	8.8
Other places of birth in Americas	70	25	40	1.8	1.4	1.9
Europe	2,085	1,005	1,080	53.0	55.2	51.2
Bosnia and Herzegovina	10	0	0	0.3	0.0	0.0
Croatia	20	10	15	0.5	0.5	0.7
France	70	25	45	1.8	1.4	2.1
Germany	230	90	135	5.8	4.9	6.4
Greece	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	40	20	20	1.0	1.1	0.9
Italy	50	40	10	1.3	2.2	0.5
Netherlands	125	65	60	3.2	3.6	2.8
Poland	40	20	20	1.0	1.1	0.9
Portugal	40	20	15	1.0	1.1	0.7
Romania	35	20	15	0.9	1.1	0.7
Russian Federation	15	0	10	0.4	0.0	0.5
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	15	10	0	0.4	0.5	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	1,070	500	565	27.2	27.5	26.8
Other places of birth in Europe	325	160	160	8.3	8.8	7.6
Africa	255	115	135	6.5	6.3	6.4
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	175	70	105	4.4	3.8	5.0
Other places of birth in Africa	55	35	25	1.4	1.9	1.2
Asia	920	390	530	23.4	21.4	25.1
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	10	0	0	0.3	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	50	20	30	1.3	1.1	1.4
Hong Kong⁹¹	35	15	20	0.9	0.8	0.9
Korea, South⁹²	90	50	40	2.3	2.7	1.9
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	325	125	200	8.3	6.9	9.5
Viet Nam	105	40	65	2.7	2.2	3.1
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	160	75	80	4.1	4.1	3.8
Pakistan	15	10	0	0.4	0.5	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	130	40	90	3.3	2.2	4.3
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	145	60	80	3.7	3.3	3.8
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	415	220	200	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	65	45	20	15.7	20.5	10.0
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	30	25	10	7.2	11.4	5.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Americas	15	0	15	3.6	0.0	7.5
Europe	65	40	25	15.7	18.2	12.5
France	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	15	10	0	3.6	4.5	0.0
Other places of birth in Europe	40	25	15	9.6	11.4	7.5
Africa	65	35	35	15.7	15.9	17.5
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	40	15	30	9.6	6.8	15.0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	20	10	0	4.8	4.5	0.0
Asia	210	95	110	50.6	43.2	55.0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	40	20	20	9.6	9.1	10.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	10	0	10	2.4	0.0	5.0
Jordan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	50	25	25	12.0	11.4	12.5
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepal	10	0	10	2.4	0.0	5.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	55	25	30	13.3	11.4	15.0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	10	0	10	2.4	0.0	5.0
Other places of birth in Asia	20	10	15	4.8	4.5	7.5
Oceania and other⁹³	10	0	0	2.4	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	37,505	18,490	19,015	100.0	100.0	100.0
First generation¹⁰⁰	4,590	2,160	2,430	12.2	11.7	12.8
Second generation¹⁰¹	6,120	3,000	3,120	16.3	16.2	16.4
Third generation or more¹⁰²	26,790	13,330	13,460	71.4	72.1	70.8
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	2,090	960	1,125	100.0	100.0	100.0
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	1,155	580	570	55.3	60.4	50.7
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	525	355	165	25.1	37.0	14.7
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	625	225	405	29.9	23.4	36.0
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	780	295	485	37.3	30.7	43.1
Refugees¹⁰⁸	155	85	70	7.4	8.9	6.2
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	2,090	960	1,125	100.0	100.0	100.0
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	20	10	10	1.0	1.0	0.9
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	525	265	260	25.1	27.6	23.1
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	65	20	40	3.1	2.1	3.6
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	65	35	30	3.1	3.6	2.7
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	40	0	35	1.9	0.0	3.1
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	1,380	625	755	66.0	65.1	67.1
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	37,505	18,490	19,015	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	2,120	1,010	1,110	5.7	5.5	5.8
South Asian	535	265	270	1.4	1.4	1.4
Chinese	240	125	115	0.6	0.7	0.6
Black	205	115	85	0.5	0.6	0.4
Filipino	410	170	240	1.1	0.9	1.3
Arab	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Latin American	125	65	60	0.3	0.4	0.3
Southeast Asian	260	100	160	0.7	0.5	0.8
West Asian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	130	75	55	0.3	0.4	0.3
Japanese	110	55	50	0.3	0.3	0.3
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	45	15	30	0.1	0.1	0.2
Multiple visible minorities	40	15	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	35,385	17,475	17,910	94.3	94.5	94.2
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	37,505	18,485	19,015	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian	4,790	2,380	2,410	12.8	12.9	12.7
English	12,410	5,840	6,565	33.1	31.6	34.5
Irish	7,420	3,520	3,905	19.8	19.0	20.5
Scottish	9,425	4,585	4,830	25.1	24.8	25.4
French, n.o.s.¹²²	3,335	1,575	1,760	8.9	8.5	9.3
German	4,785	2,350	2,440	12.8	12.7	12.8
Chinese	310	160	145	0.8	0.9	0.8
Italian	985	540	450	2.6	2.9	2.4
Indian (India)	320	140	180	0.9	0.8	0.9
Ukrainian	2,040	935	1,105	5.4	5.1	5.8
Dutch	1,525	765	765	4.1	4.1	4.0
Polish	925	400	525	2.5	2.2	2.8
Québécois	30	20	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	1,855	900	950	4.9	4.9	5.0
Filipino	380	155	220	1.0	0.8	1.2
French Canadian	435	200	230	1.2	1.1	1.2
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	815	455	360	2.2	2.5	1.9
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	1,945	1,025	915	5.2	5.5	4.8
Métis	1,080	555	525	2.9	3.0	2.8
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	1,235	665	575	3.3	3.6	3.0
Russian	740	380	365	2.0	2.1	1.9
Norwegian	2,040	995	1,045	5.4	5.4	5.5
Welsh	1,250	590	665	3.3	3.2	3.5
Portuguese	200	105	90	0.5	0.6	0.5
American	745	390	355	2.0	2.1	1.9
Spanish	235	95	140	0.6	0.5	0.7
Swedish	1,435	610	825	3.8	3.3	4.3
Hungarian	375	145	235	1.0	0.8	1.2
Acadian	85	40	45	0.2	0.2	0.2
Pakistani	25	20	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	60	35	25	0.2	0.2	0.1
Jewish	100	25	75	0.3	0.1	0.4
Punjabi	50	20	30	0.1	0.1	0.2
Vietnamese	195	80	115	0.5	0.4	0.6
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	105	55	45	0.3	0.3	0.2
Jamaican	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	55	25	30	0.1	0.1	0.2
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	270	140	135	0.7	0.8	0.7
Korean	135	75	60	0.4	0.4	0.3
Romanian	165	100	70	0.4	0.5	0.4
Lebanese	40	15	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Iranian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	90	50	40	0.2	0.3	0.2
Danish	715	360	350	1.9	1.9	1.8
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	520	230	290	1.4	1.2	1.5
Sikh	70	40	30	0.2	0.2	0.2
Austrian	385	185	200	1.0	1.0	1.1
Belgian	235	85	150	0.6	0.5	0.8
Haitian	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindu	60	25	35	0.2	0.1	0.2
Mexican	125	55	70	0.3	0.3	0.4
Mennonite	125	85	45	0.3	0.5	0.2
Swiss	345	170	180	0.9	0.9	0.9
Finnish	550	255	295	1.5	1.4	1.6
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	85	35	50	0.2	0.2	0.3
Japanese	110	60	55	0.3	0.3	0.3
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	135	65	70	0.4	0.4	0.4
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	340	205	130	0.9	1.1	0.7
Muslim	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egyptian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	20	20	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	430	195	235	1.1	1.1	1.2
Colombian	15	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moroccan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	135	45	95	0.4	0.2	0.5
Syrian	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Guyanese	25	20	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Afghan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Serbian	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Ojibway	70	35	35	0.2	0.2	0.2
Newfoundlander	50	30	20	0.1	0.2	0.1
Hong Konger	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ontarian	35	20	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Persian	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Turkish	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	45	25	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazilian	40	25	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Nigerian	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	55	30	25	0.1	0.2	0.1
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	110	50	60	0.3	0.3	0.3
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salvadorean	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
African Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	15	10	10	0.0	0.1	0.1
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquin	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	60	55	10	0.2	0.3	0.1
South African	120	50	70	0.3	0.3	0.4
Australian	75	40	35	0.2	0.2	0.2
Palestinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chilean	120	70	50	0.3	0.4	0.3
Congolese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peruvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Macedonian	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Slovenian	35	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	95	55	40	0.3	0.3	0.2
New Brunswicker	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Canadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israeli	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	45	25	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	35	10	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albertan	35	20	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Barbadian	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
African American	40	25	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	45	35	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Tunisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	15	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Cuban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	25	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	45	25	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Laotian	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Ilocano	20	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Northern Irish	115	60	55	0.3	0.3	0.3
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	45	20	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
British Columbian	210	120	90	0.6	0.6	0.5
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Argentinian	20	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Estonian	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	20	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Jatt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	20	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	40	0	35	0.1	0.0	0.2
Dominican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	45	30	15	0.1	0.2	0.1
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Byelorussian	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Abenaki	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	15	15	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
New Zealander	55	40	20	0.1	0.2	0.1
Sudanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Breton	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania Dutch	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Malaysian	15	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plains Cree	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saskatchewanian	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Buddhist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gaspesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norman	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteaux	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	15	15	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Burundian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Manitoban	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Honduran	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cherokee	30	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Flemish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Empire Loyalist	15	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Goan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Azorean	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamileke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Libyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Basque	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igorot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guinean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maliseet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Beninese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Roma	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tajik	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amhara	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	37,505	18,490	19,020	100.0	100.0	100.0
Buddhist	155	65	85	0.4	0.4	0.4
Christian	12,290	5,440	6,850	32.8	29.4	36.0
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	3,145	1,475	1,670	8.4	8.0	8.8
Anabaptist	100	55	45	0.3	0.3	0.2
Anglican	1,645	735	910	4.4	4.0	4.8
Baptist	555	240	310	1.5	1.3	1.6
Catholic	3,115	1,475	1,645	8.3	8.0	8.6
Christian Orthodox	75	30	50	0.2	0.2	0.3
Jehovah's Witness	280	110	165	0.7	0.6	0.9
Latter Day Saints	140	60	80	0.4	0.3	0.4
Lutheran	460	190	270	1.2	1.0	1.4
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	55	20	30	0.1	0.1	0.2
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	420	180	235	1.1	1.0	1.2
Presbyterian	315	135	180	0.8	0.7	0.9
Reformed	20	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
United Church	1,255	395	870	3.3	2.1	4.6
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	720	335	385	1.9	1.8	2.0
Hindu	175	75	100	0.5	0.4	0.5
Jewish	50	20	30	0.1	0.1	0.2
Muslim	65	35	30	0.2	0.2	0.2
Sikh	200	95	105	0.5	0.5	0.6
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	75	35	40	0.2	0.2	0.2
Other religions and spiritual traditions	430	170	260	1.1	0.9	1.4
No religion and secular perspectives	24,060	12,555	11,510	64.2	67.9	60.5
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	37,170	18,315	18,850	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	32,110	15,785	16,325	86.4	86.2	86.6
Movers	5,055	2,535	2,525	13.6	13.8	13.4
Non-migrants	3,010	1,515	1,500	8.1	8.3	8.0
Migrants	2,045	1,015	1,030	5.5	5.5	5.5
Internal migrants	1,930	955	970	5.2	5.2	5.1
Intraprovincial migrants	1,355	690	665	3.6	3.8	3.5
Interprovincial migrants	570	265	305	1.5	1.4	1.6
External migrants	120	65	60	0.3	0.4	0.3
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	35,905	17,665	18,240	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	20,125	9,860	10,270	56.1	55.8	56.3
Movers	15,780	7,805	7,970	43.9	44.2	43.7
Non-migrants	6,890	3,410	3,480	19.2	19.3	19.1
Migrants	8,890	4,400	4,490	24.8	24.9	24.6
Internal migrants	8,255	4,055	4,200	23.0	23.0	23.0
Intraprovincial migrants	6,070	2,975	3,095	16.9	16.8	17.0
Interprovincial migrants	2,185	1,080	1,105	6.1	6.1	6.1
External migrants	635	345	295	1.8	2.0	1.6
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	31,950	15,605	16,340	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	5,980	3,290	2,690	18.7	21.1	16.5
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	25,970	12,320	13,650	81.3	78.9	83.5
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	19,025	9,220	9,800	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	2,380	1,345	1,035	12.5	14.6	10.6
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	16,640	7,875	8,765	87.5	85.4	89.4
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	31,945	15,610	16,335	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	4,945	2,680	2,265	15.5	17.2	13.9
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	10,850	5,085	5,765	34.0	32.6	35.3
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	16,155	7,845	8,310	50.6	50.3	50.9
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	11,365	5,730	5,635	35.6	36.7	34.5
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	3,715	2,900	810	11.6	18.6	5.0
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	1,515	965	545	4.7	6.2	3.3
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	2,200	1,935	265	6.9	12.4	1.6
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	6,800	2,535	4,265	21.3	16.2	26.1
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	855	295	560	2.7	1.9	3.4
Bachelor's degree or higher	4,785	2,115	2,675	15.0	13.5	16.4
Bachelor's degree	3,130	1,360	1,765	9.8	8.7	10.8
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	415	190	225	1.3	1.2	1.4
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	190	110	80	0.6	0.7	0.5
Master's degree	960	405	550	3.0	2.6	3.4
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	100	45	50	0.3	0.3	0.3
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	19,025	9,225	9,800	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	1,865	1,065	805	9.8	11.5	8.2
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	6,135	3,005	3,130	32.2	32.6	31.9
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	11,020	5,155	5,870	57.9	55.9	59.9
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	7,555	3,735	3,820	39.7	40.5	39.0
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	2,360	1,830	525	12.4	19.8	5.4
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	980	615	365	5.2	6.7	3.7
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	1,380	1,220	160	7.3	13.2	1.6
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	4,675	1,710	2,970	24.6	18.5	30.3
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	520	190	325	2.7	2.1	3.3
Bachelor's degree or higher	3,465	1,415	2,045	18.2	15.3	20.9
Bachelor's degree	2,305	950	1,360	12.1	10.3	13.9
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	245	90	155	1.3	1.0	1.6
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	150	75	80	0.8	0.8	0.8
Master's degree	700	280	415	3.7	3.0	4.2
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	65	35	30	0.3	0.4	0.3
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	31,945	15,610	16,340	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	15,795	7,760	8,030	49.4	49.7	49.1
Education	1,135	290	845	3.6	1.9	5.2
13. Education	1,135	290	845	3.6	1.9	5.2
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	355	140	215	1.1	0.9	1.3
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	50	25	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
50. Visual and performing arts	305	115	190	1.0	0.7	1.2
Humanities	545	250	290	1.7	1.6	1.8
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	45	20	30	0.1	0.1	0.2
23. English language and literature/letters	135	45	90	0.4	0.3	0.6
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	140	60	80	0.4	0.4	0.5
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	15	10	10	0.0	0.1	0.1
38. Philosophy and religious studies	20	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
39. Theology and religious vocations	110	80	35	0.3	0.5	0.2
54. History	50	20	25	0.2	0.1	0.2
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	25	0	25	0.1	0.0	0.2
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,360	385	980	4.3	2.5	6.0
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	110	35	75	0.3	0.2	0.5
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	410	45	365	1.3	0.3	2.2
22. Legal professions and studies	215	50	165	0.7	0.3	1.0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	30	10	25	0.1	0.1	0.2
42. Psychology	165	30	135	0.5	0.2	0.8
45. Social sciences	415	205	210	1.3	1.3	1.3
Business, management and public administration	2,880	930	1,955	9.0	6.0	12.0
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	330	65	260	1.0	0.4	1.6
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	2,550	860	1,690	8.0	5.5	10.3
Physical and life sciences and technologies	505	240	260	1.6	1.5	1.6
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	220	100	125	0.7	0.6	0.8
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	90	30	55	0.3	0.2	0.3
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
40. Physical sciences	145	105	40	0.5	0.7	0.2
41. Science technologies/technicians	45	0	45	0.1	0.0	0.3
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	320	180	140	1.0	1.2	0.9
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	275	160	115	0.9	1.0	0.7
25. Library science	25	0	25	0.1	0.0	0.2
27. Mathematics and statistics	25	20	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	3,910	3,665	245	12.2	23.5	1.5
04. Architecture and related services	45	20	25	0.1	0.1	0.2
14. Engineering	325	290	40	1.0	1.9	0.2
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	750	665	80	2.3	4.3	0.5
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	1,095	1,060	35	3.4	6.8	0.2
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	1,235	1,205	35	3.9	7.7	0.2
48. Precision production	460	430	30	1.4	2.8	0.2
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	850	590	260	2.7	3.8	1.6
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	245	105	145	0.8	0.7	0.9
03. Natural resources and conservation	605	490	120	1.9	3.1	0.7
Health and related fields	2,990	445	2,550	9.4	2.9	15.6
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	125	35	85	0.4	0.2	0.5
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	2,810	370	2,440	8.8	2.4	14.9
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	55	35	20	0.2	0.2	0.1
Personal, protective and transportation services	1,295	725	570	4.1	4.6	3.5
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	730	230	500	2.3	1.5	3.1
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	15	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
43. Security and protective services	135	115	20	0.4	0.7	0.1
49. Transportation and materials moving	420	380	40	1.3	2.4	0.2
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	19,020	9,220	9,800	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	8,005	4,070	3,935	42.1	44.1	40.2
Education	615	120	495	3.2	1.3	5.1
13. Education	615	120	495	3.2	1.3	5.1
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	230	85	145	1.2	0.9	1.5
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	25	15	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
50. Visual and performing arts	205	75	135	1.1	0.8	1.4
Humanities	315	150	165	1.7	1.6	1.7
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	25	15	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
23. English language and literature/letters	80	30	55	0.4	0.3	0.6
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	70	25	50	0.4	0.3	0.5
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
38. Philosophy and religious studies	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
39. Theology and religious vocations	65	50	20	0.3	0.5	0.2
54. History	40	20	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,040	260	775	5.5	2.8	7.9
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	85	25	50	0.4	0.3	0.5
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	330	30	300	1.7	0.3	3.1
22. Legal professions and studies	170	20	150	0.9	0.2	1.5
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
42. Psychology	120	20	95	0.6	0.2	1.0
45. Social sciences	305	155	160	1.6	1.7	1.6
Business, management and public administration	1,985	655	1,330	10.4	7.1	13.6
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	245	50	195	1.3	0.5	2.0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	1,745	605	1,130	9.2	6.6	11.5
Physical and life sciences and technologies	345	140	200	1.8	1.5	2.0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	180	75	105	0.9	0.8	1.1
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	60	20	45	0.3	0.2	0.5
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
40. Physical sciences	70	40	30	0.4	0.4	0.3
41. Science technologies/technicians	20	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.2
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	240	140	105	1.3	1.5	1.1
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	220	135	80	1.2	1.5	0.8
25. Library science	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
27. Mathematics and statistics	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	2,520	2,325	195	13.2	25.2	2.0
04. Architecture and related services	40	15	25	0.2	0.2	0.3
14. Engineering	235	200	35	1.2	2.2	0.4
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	450	400	50	2.4	4.3	0.5
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	725	695	30	3.8	7.5	0.3
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	770	740	35	4.0	8.0	0.4
48. Precision production	305	280	25	1.6	3.0	0.3
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	615	415	200	3.2	4.5	2.0
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	180	80	100	0.9	0.9	1.0
03. Natural resources and conservation	435	330	100	2.3	3.6	1.0
Health and related fields	2,200	350	1,850	11.6	3.8	18.9
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	100	30	65	0.5	0.3	0.7
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	2,050	290	1,760	10.8	3.1	18.0
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	45	25	20	0.2	0.3	0.2
Personal, protective and transportation services	915	510	405	4.8	5.5	4.1
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	520	160	355	2.7	1.7	3.6
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
43. Security and protective services	105	80	20	0.6	0.9	0.2
49. Transportation and materials moving	295	260	30	1.6	2.8	0.3
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	19,020	9,220	9,800	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	8,005	4,070	3,935	42.1	44.1	40.2
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	11,025	5,150	5,865	58.0	55.9	59.8
Location of study inside Canada	9,980	4,620	5,360	52.5	50.1	54.7
Same as province or territory of residence	7,610	3,375	4,235	40.0	36.6	43.2
Different than province or territory of residence	2,365	1,245	1,120	12.4	13.5	11.4
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	1,045	530	505	5.5	5.7	5.2
Americas	245	135	110	1.3	1.5	1.1
United States of America	200	115	85	1.1	1.2	0.9
Mexico	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Cuba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazil	20	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Americas	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Europe	315	175	135	1.7	1.9	1.4
Belgium	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	20	20	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Germany	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Netherlands	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Switzerland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romania	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Russian Federation	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	145	85	60	0.8	0.9	0.6
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Europe	65	30	30	0.3	0.3	0.3
Africa	80	40	35	0.4	0.4	0.4
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	65	35	30	0.3	0.4	0.3
Other locations of study in Africa	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Asia	355	155	195	1.9	1.7	2.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
Korea, South⁹²	25	20	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Philippines	165	65	100	0.9	0.7	1.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	100	50	45	0.5	0.5	0.5
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Asia	40	15	25	0.2	0.2	0.3
Oceania	50	30	25	0.3	0.3	0.3
Australia	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
New Zealand	30	20	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	31,945	15,610	16,335	...	...	...
In the labour force	18,030	9,180	8,845	...	...	...
Employed	16,455	8,295	8,155	...	...	...
Unemployed	1,575	885	690	...	...	...
Not in the labour force	13,915	6,425	7,490	...	...	...
Participation rate	56.4	58.8	54.1	56.4	58.8	54.1
Employment rate	51.5	53.1	49.9	51.5	53.1	49.9
Unemployment rate	8.7	9.6	7.8	8.7	9.6	7.8
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	31,945	15,610	16,340	100.0	100.0	100.0
Did not work¹⁸⁶	13,605	6,255	7,350	42.6	40.1	45.0
Worked	18,345	9,350	8,990	57.4	59.9	55.0
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	8,885	4,935	3,950	27.8	31.6	24.2
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	9,460	4,415	5,040	29.6	28.3	30.8
Average weeks worked in reference year	40.4	40.5	40.4	40.4	40.5	40.4
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	18,030	9,185	8,850	100.0	100.0	100.0
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	350	195	155	1.9	2.1	1.8
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	17,680	8,990	8,690	98.1	97.9	98.2
Employee	15,075	7,470	7,605	83.6	81.3	85.9
Permanent position	12,830	6,475	6,360	71.2	70.5	71.9
Temporary position	2,240	995	1,245	12.4	10.8	14.1
Fixed term (1 year or more)	600	265	330	3.3	2.9	3.7
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	1,640	730	915	9.1	7.9	10.3
Self-employed¹⁹²	2,605	1,520	1,085	14.4	16.5	12.3
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	18,030	9,185	8,850	100.0	100.0	100.0
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	350	195	155	1.9	2.1	1.8
All occupations¹⁹¹	17,680	8,990	8,690	98.1	97.9	98.2
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	115	65	50	0.6	0.7	0.6
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	2,515	635	1,885	13.9	6.9	21.3
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	1,140	900	240	6.3	9.8	2.7
3 Health occupations	1,690	295	1,395	9.4	3.2	15.8
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	1,985	490	1,495	11.0	5.3	16.9
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	335	95	235	1.9	1.0	2.7
6 Sales and service occupations	4,925	2,055	2,865	27.3	22.4	32.4
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	3,485	3,220	270	19.3	35.1	3.1
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	1,055	895	165	5.9	9.7	1.9
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	430	345	85	2.4	3.8	1.0
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	18,030	9,185	8,850	100.0	100.0	100.0
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	350	195	155	1.9	2.1	1.8
All industries¹⁹¹	17,680	8,990	8,690	98.1	97.9	98.2
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	1,430	1,095	335	7.9	11.9	3.8
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	580	525	55	3.2	5.7	0.6
22 Utilities	125	115	10	0.7	1.3	0.1
23 Construction	1,605	1,380	220	8.9	15.0	2.5
31-33 Manufacturing	585	390	195	3.2	4.2	2.2
41 Wholesale trade	250	200	55	1.4	2.2	0.6
44-45 Retail trade	2,415	1,130	1,285	13.4	12.3	14.5
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	690	540	155	3.8	5.9	1.8
51 Information and cultural industries	155	100	50	0.9	1.1	0.6
52 Finance and insurance	370	165	205	2.1	1.8	2.3
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	305	125	180	1.7	1.4	2.0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	970	450	525	5.4	4.9	5.9
55 Management of companies and enterprises	30	15	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	750	450	300	4.2	4.9	3.4
61 Educational services	1,030	225	805	5.7	2.4	9.1
62 Health care and social assistance	2,995	520	2,480	16.6	5.7	28.0
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	350	135	215	1.9	1.5	2.4
72 Accommodation and food services	1,355	580	770	7.5	6.3	8.7
81 Other services (except public administration)	845	425	415	4.7	4.6	4.7
91 Public administration	845	440	410	4.7	4.8	4.6
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	19,785	10,085	9,705	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	19,400	9,920	9,480	98.1	98.4	97.7
French	20	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.2
Non-official language	35	20	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	35	20	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
English and French	155	60	95	0.8	0.6	1.0
English and non-official language(s)	165	65	95	0.8	0.6	1.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	15	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	19,785	10,085	9,705	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	19,750	10,055	9,690	99.8	99.7	99.8
Official languages	19,685	10,015	9,665	99.5	99.3	99.6
English	19,630	10,005	9,625	99.2	99.2	99.2
French	50	10	40	0.3	0.1	0.4
Non-official languages	70	45	25	0.4	0.4	0.3
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	70	45	25	0.4	0.4	0.3
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	20	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	20	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	20	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	25	25	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	40	25	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
English and French	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.2
English and non-official language(s)	15	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	19,785	10,085	9,705	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	19,480	9,950	9,530	98.5	98.7	98.2
English	65	30	35	0.3	0.3	0.4
French	110	60	50	0.6	0.6	0.5
Non-official language	120	45	80	0.6	0.4	0.8
Indigenous³⁹	30	10	20	0.2	0.1	0.2
Non-Indigenous	95	40	60	0.5	0.4	0.6
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	16,455	8,295	8,155	100.0	100.0	100.0
Worked at home	1,910	795	1,110	11.6	9.6	13.6
Worked outside Canada	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
No fixed workplace address	3,160	2,395	760	19.2	28.9	9.3
Usual place of work	11,365	5,095	6,275	69.1	61.4	76.9
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	11,370	5,090	6,280	100.0	100.0	100.0
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	8,435	3,425	5,005	74.2	67.3	79.7
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	1,430	815	615	12.6	16.0	9.8
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	1,330	705	620	11.7	13.9	9.9
Commute to a different province or territory	175	145	30	1.5	2.8	0.5
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	14,530	7,490	7,040	100.0	100.0	100.0
Car, truck or van	12,915	6,580	6,330	88.9	87.9	89.9
Car, truck or van - as a driver	11,885	6,055	5,825	81.8	80.8	82.7
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	1,030	525	505	7.1	7.0	7.2
Public transit	395	220	175	2.7	2.9	2.5
Walked	580	235	345	4.0	3.1	4.9
Bicycle	140	100	45	1.0	1.3	0.6
Other method	500	345	150	3.4	4.6	2.1
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	14,530	7,490	7,040	100.0	100.0	100.0
Less than 15 minutes	7,590	3,225	4,365	52.2	43.1	62.0
15 to 29 minutes	4,075	2,165	1,910	28.0	28.9	27.1
30 to 44 minutes	1,140	705	435	7.8	9.4	6.2
45 to 59 minutes	535	345	185	3.7	4.6	2.6
60 minutes and over	1,185	1,045	145	8.2	14.0	2.1
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	14,530	7,490	7,040	100.0	100.0	100.0
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	945	720	225	6.5	9.6	3.2
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	2,210	1,285	925	15.2	17.2	13.1
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	3,800	2,130	1,670	26.2	28.4	23.7
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	3,610	1,435	2,175	24.8	19.2	30.9
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	1,955	745	1,210	13.5	9.9	17.2
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	2,020	1,175	840	13.9	15.7	11.9
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	6,890	3,590	3,300	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	645	340	310	9.4	9.5	9.4
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	6,240	3,250	2,990	90.6	90.5	90.6
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	5,175	2,685	2,490	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	515	260	255	10.0	9.7	10.2
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	330	150	175	6.4	5.6	7.0
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	190	110	80	3.7	4.1	3.2
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	4,655	2,420	2,235	90.0	90.1	89.8

Symbol legend

...
not applicable
^r
revised

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 30, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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