Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	Angus - Borden CFB-BFCMore information: Ontario [Population centre]
	Counts			Rates
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	14,503	...	...	...	...	...
Population, 2016¹	12,561^r	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	15.5	...	...	15.5	...	...
Total private dwellings²	5,158	...	...	...	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	5,008	...	...	...	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	1,022.0	...	...	1,022.0	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	14.19	...	...	...	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	14,495	7,310	7,190	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	3,345	1,715	1,630	23.1	23.5	22.7
0 to 4 years	1,115	575	535	7.7	7.9	7.4
5 to 9 years	1,205	620	590	8.3	8.5	8.2
10 to 14 years	1,020	520	505	7.0	7.1	7.0
15 to 64 years	9,845	4,995	4,850	67.9	68.3	67.5
15 to 19 years	790	405	380	5.5	5.5	5.3
20 to 24 years	705	375	330	4.9	5.1	4.6
25 to 29 years	1,020	490	530	7.0	6.7	7.4
30 to 34 years	1,405	715	695	9.7	9.8	9.7
35 to 39 years	1,450	725	725	10.0	9.9	10.1
40 to 44 years	1,070	555	515	7.4	7.6	7.2
45 to 49 years	925	470	455	6.4	6.4	6.3
50 to 54 years	835	425	405	5.8	5.8	5.6
55 to 59 years	915	470	445	6.3	6.4	6.2
60 to 64 years	730	360	380	5.0	4.9	5.3
65 years and over	1,310	600	705	9.0	8.2	9.8
65 to 69 years	480	225	255	3.3	3.1	3.5
70 to 74 years	395	180	215	2.7	2.5	3.0
75 to 79 years	225	105	125	1.6	1.4	1.7
80 to 84 years	125	55	70	0.9	0.8	1.0
85 years and over	90	40	50	0.6	0.5	0.7
85 to 89 years	60	25	30	0.4	0.3	0.4
90 to 94 years	25	15	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
95 to 99 years	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
100 years and over	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	23.1	23.5	22.7	23.1	23.5	22.7
15 to 64 years	67.9	68.3	67.5	67.9	68.3	67.5
65 years and over	9.0	8.2	9.8	9.0	8.2	9.8
85 years and over	0.6	0.5	0.7	0.6	0.5	0.7
Average age of the population	35.2	34.7	35.6	35.2	34.7	35.6
Median age of the population	34.8	34.8	35.2	34.8	34.8	35.2
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	5,005	...	...	100.0	...	...
Single-detached house	3,310	...	...	66.1	...	...
Semi-detached house	760	...	...	15.2	...	...
Row house	470	...	...	9.4	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	105	...	...	2.1	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	190	...	...	3.8	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	60	...	...	1.2	...	...
Other single-attached house	5	...	...	0.1	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	105	...	...	2.1	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	5,010	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 person	860	...	...	17.2	...	...
2 persons	1,540	...	...	30.7	...	...
3 persons	975	...	...	19.5	...	...
4 persons	995	...	...	19.9	...	...
5 or more persons	635	...	...	12.7	...	...
Number of persons in private households	14,355	7,190	7,160	100.0	100.0	100.0
Average household size	2.9	...	...	2.9	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	11,155	5,595	5,555	100.0	100.0	100.0
Married or living common-law	7,000	3,500	3,500	62.8	62.6	63.0
Married	5,215	2,620	2,600	46.8	46.8	46.8
Living common-law	1,780	880	900	16.0	15.7	16.2
Living common law - Never married	1,305	640	665	11.7	11.4	12.0
Living common law - Separated	105	55	45	0.9	1.0	0.8
Living common law - Divorced	345	170	180	3.1	3.0	3.2
Living common law - Widowed	25	15	15	0.2	0.3	0.3
Not married and not living common-law	4,155	2,095	2,060	37.2	37.4	37.1
Not married and not living common law - Never married	2,735	1,555	1,180	24.5	27.8	21.2
Not married and not living common law - Separated	420	195	225	3.8	3.5	4.1
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	610	255	360	5.5	4.6	6.5
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	390	90	295	3.5	1.6	5.3
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	4,130	...	...	100.0	...	...
2 persons	1,700	...	...	41.2	...	...
3 persons	1,030	...	...	24.9	...	...
4 persons	985	...	...	23.8	...	...
5 or more persons	415	...	...	10.0	...	...
Average size of census families	3.1	...	...	3.1	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.8	...	...	1.8	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	4,130	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total couple families	3,465	...	...	83.9	...	...
Married couples	2,575	...	...	62.3	...	...
With children⁶	1,665	...	...	40.3	...	...
Without children	905	...	...	21.9	...	...
Common-law couples	890	...	...	21.5	...	...
With children⁶	460	...	...	11.1	...	...
Without children	425	...	...	10.3	...	...
Total one-parent families	665	...	...	16.1	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	480	...	...	11.6	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	185	...	...	4.5	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	14,355	7,190	7,160	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total - Persons in census families	12,665	6,305	6,360	88.2	87.7	88.8
Married spouses or common-law partners	6,925	3,455	3,475	48.2	48.1	48.5
Parents in one-parent families	665	185	480	4.6	2.6	6.7
Children⁶	5,070	2,665	2,405	35.3	37.1	33.6
In a two-parent family	3,980	2,075	1,905	27.7	28.9	26.6
In a one-parent family	1,090	585	505	7.6	8.1	7.1
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	1,695	890	800	11.8	12.4	11.2
Living alone	860	480	380	6.0	6.7	5.3
Living with other relatives⁷	375	160	215	2.6	2.2	3.0
Living with non-relatives only	455	245	205	3.2	3.4	2.9
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	5,010	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	3,455	...	...	69.0	...	...
Couple-family households	3,005	...	...	60.0	...	...
With children⁶	1,855	...	...	37.0	...	...
Without children	1,150	...	...	23.0	...	...
One-parent-family households	455	...	...	9.1	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	245	...	...	4.9	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	40	...	...	0.8	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	225	...	...	4.5	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	180	...	...	3.6	...	...
One-person households	860	...	...	17.2	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	11,015	5,475	5,540	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	10,590	5,265	5,330	96.1	96.2	96.2
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	48,000	60,400	38,800	48,000	60,400	38,800
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	10,595	5,265	5,330	96.2	96.2	96.2
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	42,800	51,600	35,200	42,800	51,600	35,200
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	9,495	4,890	4,610	86.2	89.3	83.2
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	44,800	60,000	31,200	44,800	60,000	31,200
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	8,455	4,450	4,010	76.8	81.3	72.4
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	47,600	61,200	35,200	47,600	61,200	35,200
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	9,425	4,530	4,890	85.6	82.7	88.3
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,950	3,280	10,000	6,950	3,280	10,000
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	1,255	465	780	11.4	8.5	14.1
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,680	5,360	6,040	5,680	5,360	6,040
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	3,080	1,400	1,675	28.0	25.6	30.2
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,000	6,500	8,000	8,000	6,500	8,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	11,055	5,500	5,560	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	10,680	5,340	5,340	96.6	97.1	96.0
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	51,950	60,050	43,800	51,950	60,050	43,800
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	10,680	5,340	5,340	96.6	97.1	96.0
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	44,400	50,360	38,440	44,400	50,360	38,440
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	9,525	4,910	4,615	86.2	89.3	83.0
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	48,400	58,150	38,000	48,400	58,150	38,000
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	8,455	4,440	4,015	76.5	80.7	72.2
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	49,000	58,050	38,960	49,000	58,050	38,960
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	9,475	4,555	4,915	85.7	82.8	88.4
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	9,870	7,640	11,950	9,870	7,640	11,950
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	1,145	420	725	10.4	7.6	13.0
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,020	6,180	9,080	8,020	6,180	9,080
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	3,065	1,435	1,630	27.7	26.1	29.3
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,540	7,890	9,110	8,540	7,890	9,110
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	11,055	5,500	5,560	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	4,700	2,785	1,915	42.5	50.6	34.4
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	65,500	71,500	54,800	65,500	71,500	54,800
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	66,500	73,100	57,000	66,500	73,100	57,000
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	2,870	1,255	1,615	26.0	22.8	29.0
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	21,200	28,600	18,200	21,200	28,600	18,200
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	29,760	35,900	24,960	29,760	35,900	24,960
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	83.2	89.2	74.8	83.2	89.2	74.8
Employment income (%)¹⁹	74.8	80.4	66.8	74.8	80.4	66.8
Government transfers (%)²⁰	16.9	10.9	25.1	16.9	10.9	25.1
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.7	0.8	2.8	1.7	0.8	2.8
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	5.4	3.9	7.6	5.4	3.9	7.6
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	4.7	3.5	6.3	4.7	3.5	6.3
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	11,015	5,480	5,535	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without total income	425	215	210	3.9	3.9	3.8
With total income	10,590	5,260	5,330	96.1	96.0	96.3
Under $10,000 (including loss)	805	285	520	7.6	5.4	9.8
$10,000 to $19,999	975	370	610	9.2	7.0	11.4
$20,000 to $29,999	1,340	485	860	12.7	9.2	16.1
$30,000 to $39,999	1,185	440	740	11.2	8.4	13.9
$40,000 to $49,999	1,210	500	710	11.4	9.5	13.3
$50,000 to $59,999	1,080	520	555	10.2	9.9	10.4
$60,000 to $69,999	1,145	670	470	10.8	12.7	8.8
$70,000 to $79,999	945	640	305	8.9	12.2	5.7
$80,000 to $89,999	635	450	190	6.0	8.6	3.6
$90,000 to $99,999	430	320	110	4.1	6.1	2.1
$100,000 and over	835	590	245	7.9	11.2	4.6
$100,000 to $149,999	720	505	215	6.8	9.6	4.0
$150,000 and over	110	85	25	1.0	1.6	0.5
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	11,015	5,480	5,535	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without after-tax income	420	210	205	3.8	3.8	3.7
With after-tax income	10,595	5,265	5,330	96.2	96.1	96.3
Under $10,000 (including loss)	830	295	540	7.8	5.6	10.1
$10,000 to $19,999	1,030	390	640	9.7	7.4	12.0
$20,000 to $29,999	1,575	545	1,025	14.9	10.4	19.2
$30,000 to $39,999	1,475	590	885	13.9	11.2	16.6
$40,000 to $49,999	1,445	695	750	13.6	13.2	14.1
$50,000 to $59,999	1,465	850	615	13.8	16.1	11.5
$60,000 to $69,999	1,190	800	390	11.2	15.2	7.3
$70,000 to $79,999	700	485	210	6.6	9.2	3.9
$80,000 to $89,999	425	280	140	4.0	5.3	2.6
$90,000 to $99,999	225	150	70	2.1	2.8	1.3
$100,000 and over	245	180	60	2.3	3.4	1.1
$100,000 to $124,999	170	125	45	1.6	2.4	0.8
$125,000 and over	75	55	20	0.7	1.0	0.4
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	11,015	5,480	5,535	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without employment income	2,555	1,030	1,525	23.2	18.8	27.6
With employment income	8,460	4,450	4,010	76.8	81.2	72.4
Under $5,000 (including loss)	820	325	495	9.7	7.3	12.3
$5,000 to $9,999	555	195	360	6.6	4.4	9.0
$10,000 to $19,999	830	295	535	9.8	6.6	13.3
$20,000 to $29,999	670	255	420	7.9	5.7	10.5
$30,000 to $39,999	700	290	410	8.3	6.5	10.2
$40,000 to $49,999	865	385	475	10.2	8.7	11.8
$50,000 to $59,999	790	420	365	9.3	9.4	9.1
$60,000 to $69,999	955	580	370	11.3	13.0	9.2
$70,000 to $79,999	775	585	190	9.2	13.1	4.7
$80,000 to $89,999	535	390	145	6.3	8.8	3.6
$90,000 to $99,999	340	255	90	4.0	5.7	2.2
$100,000 and over	625	465	160	7.4	10.4	4.0
$100,000 to $124,999	435	315	120	5.1	7.1	3.0
$125,000 and over	190	150	45	2.2	3.4	1.1
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	11,015	5,475	5,540	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	10,425	5,180	5,240	94.6	94.6	94.6
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	46,400	60,000	36,800	46,400	60,000	36,800
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	10,435	5,185	5,250	94.7	94.7	94.8
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	41,200	51,200	33,600	41,200	51,200	33,600
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	9,475	4,870	4,605	86.0	88.9	83.1
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	45,200	60,000	34,000	45,200	60,000	34,000
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	8,520	4,475	4,045	77.3	81.7	73.0
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	47,600	61,200	36,400	47,600	61,200	36,400
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	8,855	4,195	4,660	80.4	76.6	84.1
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	2,040	665	5,360	2,040	665	5,360
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	1,045	400	645	9.5	7.3	11.6
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	5,600	4,760	6,040	5,600	4,760	6,040
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	11,055	5,500	5,560	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	10,475	5,225	5,250	94.8	95.0	94.4
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	50,400	59,300	41,600	50,400	59,300	41,600
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	10,485	5,225	5,265	94.8	95.0	94.7
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	42,920	49,600	36,280	42,920	49,600	36,280
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	9,465	4,860	4,605	85.6	88.4	82.8
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	49,600	59,400	39,240	49,600	59,400	39,240
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	8,470	4,450	4,025	76.6	80.9	72.4
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	50,520	59,350	40,720	50,520	59,350	40,720
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	8,925	4,230	4,695	80.7	76.9	84.4
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,560	4,952	8,000	6,560	4,952	8,000
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	940	375	565	8.5	6.8	10.2
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	7,980	6,080	9,240	7,980	6,080	9,240
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	11,055	5,500	5,560	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	4,690	2,785	1,900	42.4	50.6	34.2
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	63,200	71,000	50,800	63,200	71,000	50,800
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	64,400	71,100	54,700	64,400	71,100	54,700
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	2,690	1,170	1,520	24.3	21.3	27.3
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	32,000	42,400	27,000	32,000	42,400	27,000
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	37,840	45,100	32,240	37,840	45,100	32,240
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	89.0	93.2	82.8	89.0	93.2	82.8
Employment income (%)	81.0	85.4	75.0	81.0	85.4	75.0
Government transfers (%)	11.1	6.8	17.2	11.1	6.8	17.2
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.4	0.7	2.4	1.4	0.7	2.4
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	5,010	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	105,000	...	...	105,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	90,000	...	...	90,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	860	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	57,200	...	...	57,200	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	48,800	...	...	48,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	4,145	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	115,000	...	...	115,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	99,000	...	...	99,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	5,000	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	110,900	...	...	110,900	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	94,800	...	...	94,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	845	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	58,600	...	...	58,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	49,400	...	...	49,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	4,155	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	121,500	...	...	121,500	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	104,000	...	...	104,000	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	5,005	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	25	...	...	0.5	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	5	...	...	0.1	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	25	...	...	0.5	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	35	...	...	0.7	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	85	...	...	1.7	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	70	...	...	1.4	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	90	...	...	1.8	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	100	...	...	2.0	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	105	...	...	2.1	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	120	...	...	2.4	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	250	...	...	5.0	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	325	...	...	6.5	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	380	...	...	7.6	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	375	...	...	7.5	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	360	...	...	7.2	...	...
$100,000 and over	2,670	...	...	53.3	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	930	...	...	18.6	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	720	...	...	14.4	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	700	...	...	14.0	...	...
$200,000 and over	315	...	...	6.3	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	5,005	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	25	...	...	0.5	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	10	...	...	0.2	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	25	...	...	0.5	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	30	...	...	0.6	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	90	...	...	1.8	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	90	...	...	1.8	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	95	...	...	1.9	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	115	...	...	2.3	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	130	...	...	2.6	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	155	...	...	3.1	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	380	...	...	7.6	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	430	...	...	8.6	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	465	...	...	9.3	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	450	...	...	9.0	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	490	...	...	9.8	...	...
$100,000 and over	2,030	...	...	40.6	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	965	...	...	19.3	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	585	...	...	11.7	...	...
$150,000 and over	480	...	...	9.6	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	4,010	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	115,000	...	...	115,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	98,000	...	...	98,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.3	...	...	3.3	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	1,165	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	106,000	...	...	106,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	90,000	...	...	90,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	2,145	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	127,000	...	...	127,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	110,000	...	...	110,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	4.1	...	...	4.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	590	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	79,000	...	...	79,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	72,500	...	...	72,500	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.8	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	1,320	730	590	...	...	...
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	50,000	60,800	40,800	50,000	60,800	40,800
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	43,600	51,200	36,800	43,600	51,200	36,800
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	4,060	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	120,000	...	...	120,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	102,700	...	...	102,700	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,190	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	108,600	...	...	108,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	91,800	...	...	91,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	2,170	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	133,800	...	...	133,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	114,600	...	...	114,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	585	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	88,000	...	...	88,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	77,200	...	...	77,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	1,255	700	555	...	...	...
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	53,800	58,400	48,000	53,800	58,400	48,000
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	45,600	48,700	41,600	45,600	48,700	41,600
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	14,355	7,195	7,165	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	3,810	1,950	1,865	26.5	27.1	26.0
0 to 5 years	1,370	720	650	9.5	10.0	9.1
18 to 64 years	9,235	4,645	4,595	64.3	64.6	64.1
65 years and over	1,305	600	710	9.1	8.3	9.9
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	800	370	430	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	240	110	130	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	70	40	30	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	415	205	215	...	...	...
65 years and over	155	60	90	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	5.6	5.2	6.0	5.6	5.2	6.0
0 to 17 years (%)	6.2	5.7	6.8	6.2	5.7	6.8
0 to 5 years (%)	5.2	5.6	4.8	5.2	5.6	4.8
18 to 64 years (%)	4.5	4.4	4.6	4.5	4.4	4.6
65 years and over (%)	11.6	10.0	13.0	11.6	10.0	13.0
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	14,355	7,190	7,160	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	3,810	1,945	1,860	26.5	27.1	26.0
0 to 5 years	1,365	715	650	9.5	9.9	9.1
18 to 64 years	9,240	4,645	4,590	64.4	64.6	64.1
65 years and over	1,310	600	705	9.1	8.3	9.8
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	200	115	85	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	30	15	10	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	5	0	0	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	165	90	75	...	...	...
65 years and over	10	5	5	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	1.4	1.6	1.2	1.4	1.6	1.2
0 to 17 years (%)	0.7	0.9	0.5	0.7	0.9	0.5
0 to 5 years (%)	x	x	x	x	x	x
18 to 64 years (%)	1.8	2.0	1.6	1.8	2.0	1.6
65 years and over (%)	0.8	0.8	0.8	0.8	0.8	0.8
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	14,355	7,195	7,160	100.0	100.0	100.0
In bottom half of the distribution	6,520	3,180	3,345	45.4	44.2	46.7
In bottom decile	680	345	340	4.7	4.8	4.7
In second decile	995	440	560	6.9	6.1	7.8
In third decile	1,450	695	760	10.1	9.7	10.6
In fourth decile	1,640	795	840	11.4	11.0	11.7
In fifth decile	1,750	905	845	12.2	12.6	11.8
In top half of the distribution	7,835	4,015	3,820	54.6	55.8	53.4
In sixth decile	1,910	965	950	13.3	13.4	13.3
In seventh decile	1,935	1,010	925	13.5	14.0	12.9
In eighth decile	1,805	910	895	12.6	12.6	12.5
In ninth decile	1,445	755	695	10.1	10.5	9.7
In top decile	730	370	360	5.1	5.1	5.0
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	14,355	...	...	14,355	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.238	...	...	0.238	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.329	...	...	0.329	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.213	...	...	0.213	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	14,495	7,310	7,190	100.0	100.0	100.0
English only	12,760	6,445	6,315	88.0	88.2	87.8
French only	90	40	50	0.6	0.5	0.7
English and French	1,585	795	785	10.9	10.9	10.9
Neither English nor French	60	25	35	0.4	0.3	0.5
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	14,495	7,310	7,190	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	13,540	6,805	6,735	93.4	93.1	93.7
French	840	455	390	5.8	6.2	5.4
English and French	55	20	30	0.4	0.3	0.4
Neither English nor French	60	20	35	0.4	0.3	0.5
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	14,495	7,310	7,190	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	14,050	7,080	6,970	96.9	96.9	96.9
Official languages	12,815	6,495	6,320	88.4	88.9	87.9
English	11,980	6,050	5,930	82.6	82.8	82.5
French	830	445	385	5.7	6.1	5.4
Non-official languages	1,240	585	650	8.6	8.0	9.0
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	1,235	585	650	8.5	8.0	9.0
Afro-Asiatic languages	35	20	15	0.2	0.3	0.2
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	30	15	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	15	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Aramaic languages	20	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	10	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	30	10	20	0.2	0.1	0.3
Khmer (Cambodian)	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Vietnamese	25	10	15	0.2	0.1	0.2
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	55	15	40	0.4	0.2	0.6
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	40	15	25	0.3	0.2	0.3
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	65	35	25	0.4	0.5	0.3
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Tamil	45	25	25	0.3	0.3	0.3
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	910	440	465	6.3	6.0	6.5
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	245	105	135	1.7	1.4	1.9
Baltic languages	10	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	235	105	130	1.6	1.4	1.8
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	90	45	50	0.6	0.6	0.7
Russian	75	30	40	0.5	0.4	0.6
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	30	10	15	0.2	0.1	0.2
Bosnian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	15	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Serbian	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	25	15	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	75	30	45	0.5	0.4	0.6
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	50	20	30	0.3	0.3	0.4
German	50	20	30	0.3	0.3	0.4
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	20	5	15	0.1	0.1	0.2
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	15	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	15	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Indo-Iranian languages	160	85	80	1.1	1.2	1.1
Indo-Aryan languages	150	70	75	1.0	1.0	1.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Gujarati	25	10	15	0.2	0.1	0.2
Hindi	15	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	55	25	25	0.4	0.3	0.3
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	40	20	15	0.3	0.3	0.2
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	10	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	10	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	420	215	205	2.9	2.9	2.9
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	85	50	35	0.6	0.7	0.5
Portuguese	130	65	70	0.9	0.9	1.0
Romanian	25	10	10	0.2	0.1	0.1
Spanish	180	90	90	1.2	1.2	1.3
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	20	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.2
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	30	15	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Akan (Twi)	15	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	55	20	40	0.4	0.3	0.6
Chinese languages	50	15	35	0.3	0.2	0.5
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	30	10	15	0.2	0.1	0.2
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	20	5	20	0.1	0.1	0.3
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	10	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Lao	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Hungarian	10	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	445	225	220	3.1	3.1	3.1
English and French	170	90	85	1.2	1.2	1.2
English and non-official language(s)	245	120	125	1.7	1.6	1.7
French and non-official language(s)	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	10	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Multiple non-official languages	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	14,495	7,310	7,190	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	12,380	6,270	6,105	85.4	85.8	84.9
French	420	200	220	2.9	2.7	3.1
Non-official language	255	120	140	1.8	1.6	1.9
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	255	120	140	1.8	1.6	1.9
English and French	415	220	195	2.9	3.0	2.7
English and non-official language(s)	950	465	485	6.6	6.4	6.7
French and non-official language(s)	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
English, French and non-official language(s)	45	20	20	0.3	0.3	0.3
Multiple non-official languages	35	15	20	0.2	0.2	0.3
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	14,495	7,310	7,190	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	14,220	7,170	7,045	98.1	98.1	98.0
Official languages	13,700	6,925	6,775	94.5	94.7	94.2
English	13,155	6,655	6,505	90.8	91.0	90.5
French	545	270	275	3.8	3.7	3.8
Non-official languages	515	245	270	3.6	3.4	3.8
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	515	245	270	3.6	3.4	3.8
Afro-Asiatic languages	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Aramaic languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	15	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	15	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	50	25	20	0.3	0.3	0.3
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Tamil	40	20	20	0.3	0.3	0.3
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	360	170	190	2.5	2.3	2.6
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	125	55	75	0.9	0.8	1.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	125	55	75	0.9	0.8	1.0
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	45	25	25	0.3	0.3	0.3
Russian	55	20	35	0.4	0.3	0.5
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	20	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	100	45	55	0.7	0.6	0.8
Indo-Aryan languages	100	45	50	0.7	0.6	0.7
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	50	20	25	0.3	0.3	0.3
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	25	10	10	0.2	0.1	0.1
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	130	60	65	0.9	0.8	0.9
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	15	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Portuguese	25	15	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
Romanian	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Spanish	80	40	40	0.6	0.5	0.6
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Akan (Twi)	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
American Sign Language	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	30	15	20	0.2	0.2	0.3
Chinese languages	25	10	15	0.2	0.1	0.2
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	15	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	280	135	140	1.9	1.8	1.9
English and French	95	50	50	0.7	0.7	0.7
English and non-official language(s)	170	80	90	1.2	1.1	1.3
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	14,495	7,310	7,190	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	13,305	6,710	6,595	91.8	91.8	91.7
English	310	165	145	2.1	2.3	2.0
French	210	110	100	1.4	1.5	1.4
Non-official language	555	265	285	3.8	3.6	4.0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	555	265	285	3.8	3.6	4.0
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	35	20	20	0.2	0.3	0.3
French and non-official language(s)	25	15	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	50	25	25	0.3	0.3	0.3
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	14,415	7,225	7,200	100.0	100.0	100.0
Official languages	14,340	7,190	7,155	99.5	99.5	99.4
English	14,265	7,140	7,130	99.0	98.8	99.0
French	1,625	805	825	11.3	11.1	11.5
Non-official languages	2,085	980	1,100	14.5	13.6	15.3
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	2,085	980	1,100	14.5	13.6	15.3
Afro-Asiatic languages	105	60	45	0.7	0.8	0.6
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	95	55	45	0.7	0.8	0.6
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	50	35	20	0.3	0.5	0.3
Aramaic languages	50	25	25	0.3	0.3	0.3
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	30	10	15	0.2	0.1	0.2
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	30	15	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	45	20	25	0.3	0.3	0.3
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	40	15	25	0.3	0.2	0.3
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	95	35	60	0.7	0.5	0.8
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	15	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.2
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	80	30	50	0.6	0.4	0.7
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Haitian Creole	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	75	50	25	0.5	0.7	0.3
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	35	20	10	0.2	0.3	0.1
Tamil	30	25	15	0.2	0.3	0.2
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	1,575	745	830	10.9	10.3	11.5
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	350	155	190	2.4	2.1	2.6
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	330	150	175	2.3	2.1	2.4
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	120	65	60	0.8	0.9	0.8
Russian	140	55	85	1.0	0.8	1.2
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	50	15	35	0.3	0.2	0.5
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	25	15	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Serbian	20	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.3
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	25	20	10	0.2	0.3	0.1
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	155	60	95	1.1	0.8	1.3
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	100	45	55	0.7	0.6	0.8
German	100	45	55	0.7	0.6	0.8
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	55	15	40	0.4	0.2	0.6
Afrikaans	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Dutch	35	10	25	0.2	0.1	0.3
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	25	10	15	0.2	0.1	0.2
Indo-Iranian languages	250	105	140	1.7	1.5	1.9
Indo-Aryan languages	240	105	140	1.7	1.5	1.9
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	50	25	20	0.3	0.3	0.3
Hindi	110	45	65	0.8	0.6	0.9
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	85	30	55	0.6	0.4	0.8
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	80	40	45	0.6	0.6	0.6
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	820	425	400	5.7	5.9	5.6
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	190	105	80	1.3	1.5	1.1
Portuguese	235	115	120	1.6	1.6	1.7
Romanian	25	10	15	0.2	0.1	0.2
Spanish	430	225	210	3.0	3.1	2.9
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Korean	25	10	10	0.2	0.1	0.1
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	115	70	50	0.8	1.0	0.7
Akan (Twi)	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	35	25	10	0.2	0.3	0.1
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	25	15	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
American Sign Language	25	15	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	65	20	45	0.5	0.3	0.6
Chinese languages	65	20	45	0.5	0.3	0.6
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	45	20	30	0.3	0.3	0.4
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	25	0	20	0.2	0.0	0.3
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	14,415	7,220	7,200	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	635	360	275	4.4	5.0	3.8
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	560	315	240	3.9	4.4	3.3
First Nations (North American Indian)	275	160	110	1.9	2.2	1.5
Métis	270	145	125	1.9	2.0	1.7
Inuk (Inuit)	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	50	30	15	0.3	0.4	0.2
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	25	10	20	0.2	0.1	0.3
Non-Indigenous identity	13,785	6,860	6,925	95.6	95.0	96.2
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	14,415	7,220	7,200	100.0	100.0	100.0
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	170	70	100	1.2	1.0	1.4
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	14,245	7,150	7,095	98.8	99.0	98.5
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	5,000	...	...	100.0	...	...
Owner	3,720	...	...	74.4	...	...
Renter	1,280	...	...	25.6	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	5,000	...	...	100.0	...	...
Condominium	45	...	...	0.9	...	...
Not condominium	4,950	...	...	99.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	5,000	...	...	100.0	...	...
No bedrooms	20	...	...	0.4	...	...
1 bedroom	130	...	...	2.6	...	...
2 bedrooms	645	...	...	12.9	...	...
3 bedrooms	2,625	...	...	52.5	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	1,580	...	...	31.6	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	5,000	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	650	...	...	13.0	...	...
5 rooms	815	...	...	16.3	...	...
6 rooms	1,030	...	...	20.6	...	...
7 rooms	855	...	...	17.1	...	...
8 or more rooms	1,650	...	...	33.0	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.8	...	...	6.8	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	5,000	...	...	100.0	...	...
One person or fewer per room	4,940	...	...	98.8	...	...
More than one person per room	65	...	...	1.3	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	5,000	...	...	100.0	...	...
Suitable	4,835	...	...	96.7	...	...
Not suitable	170	...	...	3.4	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	5,000	...	...	100.0	...	...
1960 or before	785	...	...	15.7	...	...
1961 to 1980	775	...	...	15.5	...	...
1981 to 1990	565	...	...	11.3	...	...
1991 to 2000	615	...	...	12.3	...	...
2001 to 2005	230	...	...	4.6	...	...
2006 to 2010	605	...	...	12.1	...	...
2011 to 2015	715	...	...	14.3	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	720	...	...	14.4	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	5,000	...	...	100.0	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	4,720	...	...	94.4	...	...
Major repairs needed	275	...	...	5.5	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	5,000	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-maintainer household	2,160	...	...	43.2	...	...
Two-maintainer household	2,610	...	...	52.2	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	240	...	...	4.8	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	5,000	...	...	100.0	...	...
15 to 24 years	35	...	...	0.7	...	...
25 to 34 years	1,020	...	...	20.4	...	...
35 to 44 years	1,305	...	...	26.1	...	...
45 to 54 years	975	...	...	19.5	...	...
55 to 64 years	925	...	...	18.5	...	...
65 to 74 years	480	...	...	9.6	...	...
75 to 84 years	200	...	...	4.0	...	...
85 years and over	70	...	...	1.4	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	4,995	...	...	100.0	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	4,150	...	...	83.1	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	845	...	...	16.9	...	...
30% to less than 100%	775	...	...	15.5	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	5,000	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	1,195	...	...	23.9	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	775	...	...	15.5	...	...
Not suitable only	135	...	...	2.7	...	...
Major repairs needed only	200	...	...	4.0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	15	...	...	0.3	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	55	...	...	1.1	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	20	...	...	0.4	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Acceptable housing	3,805	...	...	76.1	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	4,930	...	...	100.0	...	...
In core need	135	...	...	2.7	...	...
Not in core need	4,795	...	...	97.3	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	3,725	...	...	...	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	78.3	...	...	78.3	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	16.1	...	...	16.1	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	2.2	...	...	2.2	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,760	...	...	1,760	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,700	...	...	1,700	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	650,000	...	...	650,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	645,000	...	...	645,000	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	1,280	...	...	...	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	18.4	...	...	18.4	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	18.8	...	...	18.8	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	4.4	...	...	4.4	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,100	...	...	1,100	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,288	...	...	1,288	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	...	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	14,420	7,220	7,195	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	225	100	120	1.6	1.4	1.7
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	215	95	120	1.5	1.3	1.7
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	170	70	95	1.2	1.0	1.3
Métis single ancestry	45	25	20	0.3	0.3	0.3
Inuit single ancestry	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	710	415	290	4.9	5.7	4.0
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	705	415	290	4.9	5.7	4.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	480	280	200	3.3	3.9	2.8
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	220	135	90	1.5	1.9	1.3
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	13,485	6,700	6,780	93.5	92.8	94.2
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	14,420	7,220	7,195	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	13,940	7,020	6,925	96.7	97.2	96.2
Canadian citizens aged under 18	3,760	1,935	1,830	26.1	26.8	25.4
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	10,180	5,085	5,095	70.6	70.4	70.8
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	480	205	275	3.3	2.8	3.8
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	14,420	7,220	7,195	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	12,575	6,380	6,195	87.2	88.4	86.1
Immigrants⁸¹	1,795	815	985	12.4	11.3	13.7
Before 1980	360	180	180	2.5	2.5	2.5
1980 to 1990	275	140	135	1.9	1.9	1.9
1991 to 2000	410	195	215	2.8	2.7	3.0
2001 to 2010	340	135	205	2.4	1.9	2.8
2011 to 2021⁸²	415	170	245	2.9	2.4	3.4
2011 to 2015	220	85	135	1.5	1.2	1.9
2016 to 2021	195	85	110	1.4	1.2	1.5
Non-permanent residents⁸³	45	30	20	0.3	0.4	0.3
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	1,795	815	985	100.0	100.0	100.0
Under 5 years	205	75	130	11.4	9.2	13.2
5 to 14 years	485	255	225	27.0	31.3	22.8
15 to 24 years	365	155	205	20.3	19.0	20.8
25 to 44 years	665	290	370	37.0	35.6	37.6
45 years and over	80	30	50	4.5	3.7	5.1
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	1,795	815	985	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	460	225	230	25.6	27.6	23.4
Brazil	20	10	10	1.1	1.2	1.0
Colombia	30	15	15	1.7	1.8	1.5
El Salvador	25	15	10	1.4	1.8	1.0
Guyana	40	25	15	2.2	3.1	1.5
Haiti	10	0	10	0.6	0.0	1.0
Jamaica	100	55	45	5.6	6.7	4.6
Mexico	30	10	20	1.7	1.2	2.0
Peru	20	10	10	1.1	1.2	1.0
Trinidad and Tobago	45	15	25	2.5	1.8	2.5
United States of America	55	15	40	3.1	1.8	4.1
Other places of birth in Americas	85	50	30	4.7	6.1	3.0
Europe	690	315	380	38.4	38.7	38.6
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	15	10	10	0.8	1.2	1.0
Germany	65	10	55	3.6	1.2	5.6
Greece	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	55	25	25	3.1	3.1	2.5
Netherlands	20	15	10	1.1	1.8	1.0
Poland	95	55	40	5.3	6.7	4.1
Portugal	80	50	30	4.5	6.1	3.0
Romania	20	10	15	1.1	1.2	1.5
Russian Federation	50	25	25	2.8	3.1	2.5
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	25	15	10	1.4	1.8	1.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	175	70	105	9.7	8.6	10.7
Other places of birth in Europe	60	25	35	3.3	3.1	3.6
Africa	135	65	70	7.5	8.0	7.1
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	45	30	20	2.5	3.7	2.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	75	30	40	4.2	3.7	4.1
Asia	500	205	295	27.9	25.2	29.9
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	50	30	25	2.8	3.7	2.5
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	15	0	15	0.8	0.0	1.5
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	20	10	10	1.1	1.2	1.0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	85	20	65	4.7	2.5	6.6
Viet Nam	25	10	10	1.4	1.2	1.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	120	70	55	6.7	8.6	5.6
Pakistan	75	35	40	4.2	4.3	4.1
Sri Lanka	15	10	10	0.8	1.2	1.0
Other places of birth in Asia	50	20	30	2.8	2.5	3.0
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	10	0	10	0.6	0.0	1.0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	195	85	110	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	35	15	25	17.9	17.6	22.7
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	10	0	10	5.1	0.0	9.1
Mexico	15	0	15	7.7	0.0	13.6
United States of America	10	0	10	5.1	0.0	9.1
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Europe	45	20	25	23.1	23.5	22.7
France	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	15	10	10	7.7	11.8	9.1
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Europe	20	10	10	10.3	11.8	9.1
Africa	25	15	10	12.8	17.6	9.1
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	15	10	0	7.7	11.8	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asia	85	40	45	43.6	47.1	40.9
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	35	20	15	17.9	23.5	13.6
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	15	0	15	7.7	0.0	13.6
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	14,415	7,220	7,200	100.0	100.0	100.0
First generation¹⁰⁰	1,945	900	1,050	13.5	12.5	14.6
Second generation¹⁰¹	2,610	1,315	1,295	18.1	18.2	18.0
Third generation or more¹⁰²	9,860	5,010	4,850	68.4	69.4	67.4
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	1,440	635	805	100.0	100.0	100.0
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	615	290	330	42.7	45.7	41.0
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	200	110	80	13.9	17.3	9.9
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	420	175	240	29.2	27.6	29.8
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	545	215	335	37.8	33.9	41.6
Refugees¹⁰⁸	275	135	140	19.1	21.3	17.4
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	1,440	635	805	100.0	100.0	100.0
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	160	70	90	11.1	11.0	11.2
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	160	60	95	11.1	9.4	11.8
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	35	30	10	2.4	4.7	1.2
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	65	35	30	4.5	5.5	3.7
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	10	10	0	0.7	1.6	0.0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	1,005	430	575	69.8	67.7	71.4
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	14,415	7,220	7,200	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	1,865	895	965	12.9	12.4	13.4
South Asian	400	200	195	2.8	2.8	2.7
Chinese	75	15	60	0.5	0.2	0.8
Black	640	320	315	4.4	4.4	4.4
Filipino	120	45	70	0.8	0.6	1.0
Arab	30	10	20	0.2	0.1	0.3
Latin American	240	135	105	1.7	1.9	1.5
Southeast Asian	75	30	45	0.5	0.4	0.6
West Asian	55	20	35	0.4	0.3	0.5
Korean	45	20	25	0.3	0.3	0.3
Japanese	25	10	15	0.2	0.1	0.2
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	90	35	55	0.6	0.5	0.8
Multiple visible minorities	75	50	30	0.5	0.7	0.4
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	12,555	6,325	6,225	87.1	87.6	86.5
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	14,420	7,220	7,195	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian	3,110	1,590	1,520	21.6	22.0	21.1
English	3,150	1,630	1,525	21.8	22.6	21.2
Irish	2,755	1,350	1,410	19.1	18.7	19.6
Scottish	2,690	1,370	1,320	18.7	19.0	18.3
French, n.o.s.¹²²	1,575	810	770	10.9	11.2	10.7
German	1,320	595	730	9.2	8.2	10.1
Chinese	160	65	100	1.1	0.9	1.4
Italian	940	485	455	6.5	6.7	6.3
Indian (India)	245	130	120	1.7	1.8	1.7
Ukrainian	410	170	240	2.8	2.4	3.3
Dutch	645	305	340	4.5	4.2	4.7
Polish	515	280	240	3.6	3.9	3.3
Québécois	130	75	55	0.9	1.0	0.8
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	580	305	275	4.0	4.2	3.8
Filipino	100	45	60	0.7	0.6	0.8
French Canadian	195	110	90	1.4	1.5	1.3
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	580	240	340	4.0	3.3	4.7
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	255	155	100	1.8	2.1	1.4
Métis	270	160	115	1.9	2.2	1.6
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	290	155	130	2.0	2.1	1.8
Russian	155	60	90	1.1	0.8	1.3
Norwegian	70	40	30	0.5	0.6	0.4
Welsh	295	155	145	2.0	2.1	2.0
Portuguese	415	205	215	2.9	2.8	3.0
American	85	45	40	0.6	0.6	0.6
Spanish	170	110	65	1.2	1.5	0.9
Swedish	60	30	30	0.4	0.4	0.4
Hungarian	150	65	85	1.0	0.9	1.2
Acadian	90	40	45	0.6	0.6	0.6
Pakistani	65	40	25	0.5	0.6	0.3
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	60	35	25	0.4	0.5	0.3
Jewish	50	30	20	0.3	0.4	0.3
Punjabi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	45	15	30	0.3	0.2	0.4
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	25	10	15	0.2	0.1	0.2
Greek	125	60	70	0.9	0.8	1.0
Jamaican	200	110	90	1.4	1.5	1.3
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	30	10	20	0.2	0.1	0.3
Korean	50	25	25	0.3	0.3	0.3
Romanian	50	15	35	0.3	0.2	0.5
Lebanese	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Iranian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	95	25	75	0.7	0.3	1.0
Danish	40	20	20	0.3	0.3	0.3
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	100	45	50	0.7	0.6	0.7
Sikh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austrian	75	35	35	0.5	0.5	0.5
Belgian	45	30	15	0.3	0.4	0.2
Haitian	30	10	15	0.2	0.1	0.2
Hindu	60	30	30	0.4	0.4	0.4
Mexican	30	10	15	0.2	0.1	0.2
Mennonite	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Finnish	115	50	65	0.8	0.7	0.9
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	50	25	25	0.3	0.3	0.3
Japanese	25	10	20	0.2	0.1	0.3
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	70	35	35	0.5	0.5	0.5
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	85	50	35	0.6	0.7	0.5
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	40	15	20	0.3	0.2	0.3
Muslim	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egyptian	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	50	25	25	0.3	0.3	0.3
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombian	40	25	20	0.3	0.3	0.3
Moroccan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	70	35	30	0.5	0.5	0.4
Syrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyanese	70	50	25	0.5	0.7	0.3
Afghan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	25	0	25	0.2	0.0	0.3
Serbian	20	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.3
Ojibway	35	15	20	0.2	0.2	0.3
Newfoundlander	65	40	30	0.5	0.6	0.4
Hong Konger	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ontarian	135	60	70	0.9	0.8	1.0
Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	35	15	20	0.2	0.2	0.3
Turkish	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazilian	20	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.2
Nigerian	35	30	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
Armenian	20	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Slovak	20	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraqi	30	15	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Caribbean	50	30	20	0.3	0.4	0.3
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquin	65	25	40	0.5	0.3	0.6
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	40	15	30	0.3	0.2	0.4
Lithuanian	40	10	30	0.3	0.1	0.4
South African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australian	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Palestinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chilean	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Congolese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nova Scotian	30	25	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	55	30	35	0.4	0.4	0.5
Peruvian	35	20	20	0.2	0.3	0.3
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	50	30	20	0.3	0.4	0.3
Macedonian	60	40	20	0.4	0.6	0.3
Slovenian	30	10	25	0.2	0.1	0.3
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Brunswicker	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Gujarati	35	15	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Eritrean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Canadian	20	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
Israeli	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	65	40	25	0.5	0.6	0.3
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albertan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ghanaian	45	15	30	0.3	0.2	0.4
Barbadian	60	25	35	0.4	0.3	0.5
African American	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	15	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Cuban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Laotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Irish	25	10	15	0.2	0.1	0.2
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
British Columbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Franco Ontarian	20	20	0	0.1	0.3	0.0
Argentinian	60	25	35	0.4	0.3	0.5
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	20	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
Jatt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dominican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian	20	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Abenaki	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Zealander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Breton	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania Dutch	35	10	25	0.2	0.1	0.3
Malaysian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Huron (Wendat)	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Saskatchewanian	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gaspesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norman	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vincentian	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Jordanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Manitoban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cape Bretoner	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean	30	15	20	0.2	0.2	0.3
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Honduran	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cherokee	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Flemish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sicilian	55	30	25	0.4	0.4	0.3
Pashtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Goan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azorean	80	25	55	0.6	0.3	0.8
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamileke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Libyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Basque	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igorot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guinean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maliseet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Beninese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Roma	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Costa Rican	35	10	15	0.2	0.1	0.2
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	35	25	10	0.2	0.3	0.1
Tajik	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amhara	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	14,415	7,220	7,200	100.0	100.0	100.0
Buddhist	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Christian	7,440	3,605	3,835	51.6	49.9	53.3
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	1,155	565	595	8.0	7.8	8.3
Anabaptist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anglican	650	275	380	4.5	3.8	5.3
Baptist	190	110	85	1.3	1.5	1.2
Catholic	3,950	1,975	1,975	27.4	27.4	27.4
Christian Orthodox	90	50	40	0.6	0.7	0.6
Jehovah's Witness	60	15	45	0.4	0.2	0.6
Latter Day Saints	15	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Lutheran	35	0	30	0.2	0.0	0.4
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	25	15	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	130	55	75	0.9	0.8	1.0
Presbyterian	250	125	125	1.7	1.7	1.7
Reformed	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Church	520	230	290	3.6	3.2	4.0
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	360	175	185	2.5	2.4	2.6
Hindu	170	85	85	1.2	1.2	1.2
Jewish	55	20	35	0.4	0.3	0.5
Muslim	175	85	100	1.2	1.2	1.4
Sikh	50	15	35	0.3	0.2	0.5
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	55	25	30	0.4	0.3	0.4
No religion and secular perspectives	6,440	3,380	3,065	44.7	46.8	42.6
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	14,235	7,135	7,100	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	11,910	5,965	5,945	83.7	83.6	83.7
Movers	2,325	1,170	1,155	16.3	16.4	16.3
Non-migrants	550	275	270	3.9	3.9	3.8
Migrants	1,780	895	885	12.5	12.5	12.5
Internal migrants	1,760	880	880	12.4	12.3	12.4
Intraprovincial migrants	1,490	760	730	10.5	10.7	10.3
Interprovincial migrants	270	120	145	1.9	1.7	2.0
External migrants	20	15	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	13,270	6,650	6,620	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	5,845	2,980	2,865	44.0	44.8	43.3
Movers	7,425	3,670	3,750	56.0	55.2	56.6
Non-migrants	1,050	535	510	7.9	8.0	7.7
Migrants	6,375	3,135	3,240	48.0	47.1	48.9
Internal migrants	6,245	3,085	3,165	47.1	46.4	47.8
Intraprovincial migrants	4,960	2,405	2,555	37.4	36.2	38.6
Interprovincial migrants	1,290	680	605	9.7	10.2	9.1
External migrants	130	50	80	1.0	0.8	1.2
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	11,055	5,500	5,560	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	2,090	1,175	915	18.9	21.4	16.5
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	8,970	4,325	4,645	81.1	78.6	83.5
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	8,375	4,225	4,155	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	1,085	675	410	13.0	16.0	9.9
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	7,290	3,550	3,745	87.0	84.0	90.1
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	11,060	5,495	5,560	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	1,825	975	850	16.5	17.7	15.3
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	3,945	2,065	1,880	35.7	37.6	33.8
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	5,290	2,460	2,830	47.8	44.8	50.9
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	3,790	1,880	1,915	34.3	34.2	34.4
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	875	705	170	7.9	12.8	3.1
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	380	265	115	3.4	4.8	2.1
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	495	440	55	4.5	8.0	1.0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	2,745	1,090	1,655	24.8	19.8	29.8
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	170	85	85	1.5	1.5	1.5
Bachelor's degree or higher	1,500	580	915	13.6	10.6	16.5
Bachelor's degree	1,095	415	680	9.9	7.6	12.2
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	90	25	65	0.8	0.5	1.2
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Master's degree	290	130	155	2.6	2.4	2.8
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	15	15	0	0.1	0.3	0.0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	8,370	4,225	4,150	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	890	530	360	10.6	12.5	8.7
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	2,860	1,560	1,300	34.2	36.9	31.3
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	4,625	2,135	2,485	55.3	50.5	59.9
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	3,290	1,625	1,670	39.3	38.5	40.2
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	725	580	140	8.7	13.7	3.4
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	305	210	100	3.6	5.0	2.4
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	415	375	40	5.0	8.9	1.0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	2,410	970	1,440	28.8	23.0	34.7
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	160	70	85	1.9	1.7	2.0
Bachelor's degree or higher	1,330	515	815	15.9	12.2	19.6
Bachelor's degree	980	370	615	11.7	8.8	14.8
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	70	15	55	0.8	0.4	1.3
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	15	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.2
Master's degree	260	120	140	3.1	2.8	3.4
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	11,060	5,495	5,560	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	5,770	3,040	2,730	52.2	55.3	49.1
Education	215	40	175	1.9	0.7	3.1
13. Education	215	40	175	1.9	0.7	3.1
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	125	40	85	1.1	0.7	1.5
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	15	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
50. Visual and performing arts	110	30	80	1.0	0.5	1.4
Humanities	200	70	125	1.8	1.3	2.2
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
23. English language and literature/letters	40	0	30	0.4	0.0	0.5
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	80	35	50	0.7	0.6	0.9
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
39. Theology and religious vocations	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.3
54. History	40	20	20	0.4	0.4	0.4
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	660	130	530	6.0	2.4	9.5
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	60	30	30	0.5	0.5	0.5
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	200	15	185	1.8	0.3	3.3
22. Legal professions and studies	125	0	120	1.1	0.0	2.2
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
42. Psychology	90	20	70	0.8	0.4	1.3
45. Social sciences	165	50	115	1.5	0.9	2.1
Business, management and public administration	1,040	350	690	9.4	6.4	12.4
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	110	20	85	1.0	0.4	1.5
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	925	320	600	8.4	5.8	10.8
Physical and life sciences and technologies	195	85	110	1.8	1.5	2.0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	80	20	60	0.7	0.4	1.1
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	45	15	30	0.4	0.3	0.5
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
40. Physical sciences	50	45	0	0.5	0.8	0.0
41. Science technologies/technicians	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	120	65	55	1.1	1.2	1.0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	90	50	40	0.8	0.9	0.7
25. Library science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
27. Mathematics and statistics	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	1,210	1,130	80	10.9	20.6	1.4
04. Architecture and related services	25	20	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
14. Engineering	140	115	20	1.3	2.1	0.4
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	245	220	25	2.2	4.0	0.4
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	270	260	10	2.4	4.7	0.2
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	375	365	0	3.4	6.6	0.0
48. Precision production	150	150	0	1.4	2.7	0.0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	110	35	75	1.0	0.6	1.3
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	85	25	60	0.8	0.5	1.1
03. Natural resources and conservation	25	15	15	0.2	0.3	0.3
Health and related fields	770	115	650	7.0	2.1	11.7
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	90	40	55	0.8	0.7	1.0
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	680	80	595	6.1	1.5	10.7
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Personal, protective and transportation services	640	395	245	5.8	7.2	4.4
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	230	95	135	2.1	1.7	2.4
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	25	25	0	0.2	0.5	0.0
43. Security and protective services	265	170	90	2.4	3.1	1.6
49. Transportation and materials moving	105	85	20	0.9	1.5	0.4
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	8,375	4,220	4,150	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	3,750	2,085	1,670	44.8	49.4	40.2
Education	200	40	160	2.4	0.9	3.9
13. Education	200	40	160	2.4	0.9	3.9
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	110	40	70	1.3	0.9	1.7
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
50. Visual and performing arts	100	30	65	1.2	0.7	1.6
Humanities	160	50	105	1.9	1.2	2.5
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
23. English language and literature/letters	25	0	25	0.3	0.0	0.6
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	60	20	40	0.7	0.5	1.0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
39. Theology and religious vocations	15	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.2
54. History	30	15	15	0.4	0.4	0.4
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	580	115	465	6.9	2.7	11.2
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	65	30	30	0.8	0.7	0.7
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	170	15	160	2.0	0.4	3.9
22. Legal professions and studies	115	0	110	1.4	0.0	2.7
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
42. Psychology	75	20	55	0.9	0.5	1.3
45. Social sciences	155	45	105	1.9	1.1	2.5
Business, management and public administration	940	305	635	11.2	7.2	15.3
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	110	20	90	1.3	0.5	2.2
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	825	280	545	9.9	6.6	13.1
Physical and life sciences and technologies	165	70	95	2.0	1.7	2.3
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	75	15	55	0.9	0.4	1.3
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	40	15	25	0.5	0.4	0.6
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
40. Physical sciences	35	30	10	0.4	0.7	0.2
41. Science technologies/technicians	15	10	0	0.2	0.2	0.0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	105	60	50	1.3	1.4	1.2
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	85	45	40	1.0	1.1	1.0
25. Library science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
27. Mathematics and statistics	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	15	10	0	0.2	0.2	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	1,035	970	60	12.4	23.0	1.4
04. Architecture and related services	30	25	0	0.4	0.6	0.0
14. Engineering	115	100	15	1.4	2.4	0.4
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	215	190	25	2.6	4.5	0.6
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	255	245	10	3.0	5.8	0.2
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	300	295	10	3.6	7.0	0.2
48. Precision production	130	125	0	1.6	3.0	0.0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	105	30	75	1.3	0.7	1.8
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	85	25	60	1.0	0.6	1.4
03. Natural resources and conservation	25	10	15	0.3	0.2	0.4
Health and related fields	665	105	560	7.9	2.5	13.5
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	75	30	50	0.9	0.7	1.2
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	580	75	510	6.9	1.8	12.3
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Personal, protective and transportation services	555	360	200	6.6	8.5	4.8
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	190	80	110	2.3	1.9	2.7
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	25	25	0	0.3	0.6	0.0
43. Security and protective services	240	165	75	2.9	3.9	1.8
49. Transportation and materials moving	95	75	15	1.1	1.8	0.4
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	8,375	4,220	4,150	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	3,750	2,085	1,670	44.8	49.4	40.2
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	4,620	2,135	2,490	55.2	50.6	60.0
Location of study inside Canada	4,210	1,940	2,270	50.3	46.0	54.7
Same as province or territory of residence	3,560	1,650	1,915	42.5	39.1	46.1
Different than province or territory of residence	645	290	355	7.7	6.9	8.6
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	410	195	220	4.9	4.6	5.3
Americas	125	60	65	1.5	1.4	1.6
United States of America	70	40	30	0.8	0.9	0.7
Mexico	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Cuba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	15	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.4
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Europe	105	45	65	1.3	1.1	1.6
Belgium	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germany	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Switzerland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Romania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	25	10	15	0.3	0.2	0.4
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	20	0	20	0.2	0.0	0.5
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Europe	25	20	10	0.3	0.5	0.2
Africa	45	35	15	0.5	0.8	0.4
Nigeria	25	15	0	0.3	0.4	0.0
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Africa	15	10	0	0.2	0.2	0.0
Asia	125	55	65	1.5	1.3	1.6
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Philippines	30	10	20	0.4	0.2	0.5
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	40	15	25	0.5	0.4	0.6
Pakistan	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Other locations of study in Asia	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Oceania	15	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.4
Australia	15	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.4
New Zealand	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	11,060	5,495	5,560	...	...	...
In the labour force	7,885	4,220	3,665	...	...	...
Employed	6,995	3,830	3,165	...	...	...
Unemployed	890	390	500	...	...	...
Not in the labour force	3,170	1,275	1,890	...	...	...
Participation rate	71.3	76.8	65.9	71.3	76.8	65.9
Employment rate	63.2	69.7	56.9	63.2	69.7	56.9
Unemployment rate	11.3	9.2	13.6	11.3	9.2	13.6
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	11,060	5,495	5,560	100.0	100.0	100.0
Did not work¹⁸⁶	3,340	1,385	1,960	30.2	25.2	35.3
Worked	7,720	4,115	3,605	69.8	74.9	64.8
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	4,745	2,815	1,930	42.9	51.2	34.7
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	2,970	1,300	1,675	26.9	23.7	30.1
Average weeks worked in reference year	43.0	44.8	41.0	43.0	44.8	41.0
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	7,885	4,225	3,665	100.0	100.0	100.0
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	215	105	105	2.7	2.5	2.9
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	7,675	4,115	3,560	97.3	97.4	97.1
Employee	7,060	3,755	3,305	89.5	88.9	90.2
Permanent position	6,155	3,345	2,815	78.1	79.2	76.8
Temporary position	905	410	495	11.5	9.7	13.5
Fixed term (1 year or more)	435	225	210	5.5	5.3	5.7
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	470	185	285	6.0	4.4	7.8
Self-employed¹⁹²	610	360	250	7.7	8.5	6.8
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	7,885	4,225	3,665	100.0	100.0	100.0
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	215	105	105	2.7	2.5	2.9
All occupations¹⁹¹	7,675	4,115	3,560	97.3	97.4	97.1
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	25	25	0	0.3	0.6	0.0
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	1,135	285	850	14.4	6.7	23.2
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	360	290	65	4.6	6.9	1.8
3 Health occupations	445	65	375	5.6	1.5	10.2
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	1,270	700	575	16.1	16.6	15.7
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	140	50	90	1.8	1.2	2.5
6 Sales and service occupations	1,795	610	1,190	22.8	14.4	32.5
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	1,780	1,575	210	22.6	37.3	5.7
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	95	75	20	1.2	1.8	0.5
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	625	440	185	7.9	10.4	5.0
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	7,885	4,225	3,665	100.0	100.0	100.0
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	215	105	105	2.7	2.5	2.9
All industries¹⁹¹	7,675	4,115	3,560	97.3	97.4	97.1
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	40	25	15	0.5	0.6	0.4
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	15	15	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
22 Utilities	25	25	0	0.3	0.6	0.0
23 Construction	815	725	90	10.3	17.2	2.5
31-33 Manufacturing	1,035	710	325	13.1	16.8	8.9
41 Wholesale trade	220	130	95	2.8	3.1	2.6
44-45 Retail trade	755	310	445	9.6	7.3	12.1
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	350	225	130	4.4	5.3	3.5
51 Information and cultural industries	60	40	25	0.8	0.9	0.7
52 Finance and insurance	155	30	125	2.0	0.7	3.4
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	85	20	60	1.1	0.5	1.6
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	275	120	155	3.5	2.8	4.2
55 Management of companies and enterprises	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	410	225	180	5.2	5.3	4.9
61 Educational services	375	85	285	4.8	2.0	7.8
62 Health care and social assistance	625	70	560	7.9	1.7	15.3
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	105	55	50	1.3	1.3	1.4
72 Accommodation and food services	390	130	260	4.9	3.1	7.1
81 Other services (except public administration)	305	165	145	3.9	3.9	4.0
91 Public administration	1,625	1,015	610	20.6	24.0	16.6
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	8,180	4,310	3,870	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	7,580	3,995	3,585	92.7	92.7	92.6
French	55	10	40	0.7	0.2	1.0
Non-official language	35	15	20	0.4	0.3	0.5
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	35	15	20	0.4	0.3	0.5
English and French	410	245	170	5.0	5.7	4.4
English and non-official language(s)	85	45	45	1.0	1.0	1.2
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	8,180	4,310	3,870	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	8,100	4,265	3,835	99.0	99.0	99.1
Official languages	8,055	4,245	3,810	98.5	98.5	98.4
English	7,970	4,220	3,750	97.4	97.9	96.9
French	85	20	60	1.0	0.5	1.6
Non-official languages	50	20	30	0.6	0.5	0.8
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	50	20	30	0.6	0.5	0.8
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	35	10	15	0.4	0.2	0.4
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	20	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.3
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	20	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.3
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	20	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.3
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	75	45	25	0.9	1.0	0.6
English and French	65	40	25	0.8	0.9	0.6
English and non-official language(s)	15	10	0	0.2	0.2	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	8,180	4,310	3,870	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	7,740	4,070	3,665	94.6	94.4	94.7
English	35	15	25	0.4	0.3	0.6
French	335	200	135	4.1	4.6	3.5
Non-official language	55	25	35	0.7	0.6	0.9
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	50	25	25	0.6	0.6	0.6
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	6,995	3,830	3,165	100.0	100.0	100.0
Worked at home	1,110	465	650	15.9	12.1	20.5
Worked outside Canada	20	15	0	0.3	0.4	0.0
No fixed workplace address	1,090	825	265	15.6	21.5	8.4
Usual place of work	4,770	2,520	2,250	68.2	65.8	71.1
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	4,770	2,520	2,250	100.0	100.0	100.0
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	1,785	990	800	37.4	39.3	35.6
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	2,135	1,005	1,130	44.8	39.9	50.2
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	840	530	315	17.6	21.0	14.0
Commute to a different province or territory	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	5,860	3,350	2,510	100.0	100.0	100.0
Car, truck or van	5,605	3,225	2,380	95.6	96.3	94.8
Car, truck or van - as a driver	5,250	3,090	2,170	89.6	92.2	86.5
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	350	140	210	6.0	4.2	8.4
Public transit	15	0	10	0.3	0.0	0.4
Walked	120	60	60	2.0	1.8	2.4
Bicycle	15	15	0	0.3	0.4	0.0
Other method	105	45	60	1.8	1.3	2.4
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	5,860	3,350	2,510	100.0	100.0	100.0
Less than 15 minutes	1,695	935	760	28.9	27.9	30.3
15 to 29 minutes	1,970	1,015	950	33.6	30.3	37.8
30 to 44 minutes	800	450	355	13.7	13.4	14.1
45 to 59 minutes	345	215	130	5.9	6.4	5.2
60 minutes and over	1,050	740	305	17.9	22.1	12.2
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	5,860	3,350	2,510	100.0	100.0	100.0
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	870	610	260	14.8	18.2	10.4
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	1,180	770	410	20.1	23.0	16.3
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	1,595	880	710	27.2	26.3	28.3
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	745	315	430	12.7	9.4	17.1
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	445	160	285	7.6	4.8	11.4
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	1,020	610	415	17.4	18.2	16.5
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	3,865	1,970	1,895	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	670	345	325	17.3	17.5	17.2
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	3,195	1,625	1,570	82.7	82.5	82.8
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	2,665	1,345	1,320	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	480	245	240	18.0	18.2	18.2
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	300	155	145	11.3	11.5	11.0
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	180	90	90	6.8	6.7	6.8
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	2,185	1,100	1,080	82.0	81.8	81.8

Symbol legend

...
not applicable
^r
revised
x
suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed July 4, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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