Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	Dawson CreekMore information: British Columbia [Census agglomeration]
	Counts			Rates
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	17,878	...	...	...	...	...
Population, 2016¹	18,890^r	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	- 5.4	...	...	- 5.4	...	...
Total private dwellings²	8,578	...	...	...	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	7,542	...	...	...	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	1.5	...	...	1.5	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	11,716.80	...	...	...	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	17,880	8,945	8,935	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	3,420	1,760	1,660	19.1	19.7	18.6
0 to 4 years	1,120	585	540	6.3	6.5	6.0
5 to 9 years	1,215	595	620	6.8	6.7	6.9
10 to 14 years	1,085	585	505	6.1	6.5	5.7
15 to 64 years	11,740	5,940	5,805	65.7	66.4	65.0
15 to 19 years	1,045	580	470	5.8	6.5	5.3
20 to 24 years	1,115	585	535	6.2	6.5	6.0
25 to 29 years	1,290	655	640	7.2	7.3	7.2
30 to 34 years	1,370	705	675	7.7	7.9	7.6
35 to 39 years	1,345	685	655	7.5	7.7	7.3
40 to 44 years	1,075	525	550	6.0	5.9	6.2
45 to 49 years	1,050	520	525	5.9	5.8	5.9
50 to 54 years	1,045	475	570	5.8	5.3	6.4
55 to 59 years	1,230	645	585	6.9	7.2	6.5
60 to 64 years	1,170	565	610	6.5	6.3	6.8
65 years and over	2,710	1,240	1,470	15.2	13.9	16.5
65 to 69 years	925	460	460	5.2	5.1	5.1
70 to 74 years	695	310	390	3.9	3.5	4.4
75 to 79 years	450	215	235	2.5	2.4	2.6
80 to 84 years	320	140	180	1.8	1.6	2.0
85 years and over	320	120	200	1.8	1.3	2.2
85 to 89 years	220	85	135	1.2	1.0	1.5
90 to 94 years	90	35	55	0.5	0.4	0.6
95 to 99 years	10	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
100 years and over	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	19.1	19.7	18.6	19.1	19.7	18.6
15 to 64 years	65.7	66.4	65.0	65.7	66.4	65.0
65 years and over	15.2	13.9	16.5	15.2	13.9	16.5
85 years and over	1.8	1.3	2.2	1.8	1.3	2.2
Average age of the population	38.9	38.0	39.9	38.9	38.0	39.9
Median age of the population	37.6	36.4	38.4	37.6	36.4	38.4
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	7,540	...	...	100.0	...	...
Single-detached house	5,215	...	...	69.2	...	...
Semi-detached house	330	...	...	4.4	...	...
Row house	340	...	...	4.5	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	165	...	...	2.2	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	1,085	...	...	14.4	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Other single-attached house	10	...	...	0.1	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	405	...	...	5.4	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	7,540	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 person	2,445	...	...	32.4	...	...
2 persons	2,580	...	...	34.2	...	...
3 persons	1,105	...	...	14.7	...	...
4 persons	875	...	...	11.6	...	...
5 or more persons	535	...	...	7.1	...	...
Number of persons in private households	17,380	8,710	8,675	100.0	100.0	100.0
Average household size	2.3	...	...	2.3	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	14,455	7,180	7,275	100.0	100.0	100.0
Married or living common-law	8,100	4,055	4,040	56.0	56.5	55.5
Married	6,235	3,125	3,110	43.1	43.5	42.7
Living common-law	1,860	935	930	12.9	13.0	12.8
Living common law - Never married	1,415	715	700	9.8	10.0	9.6
Living common law - Separated	110	50	55	0.8	0.7	0.8
Living common law - Divorced	310	155	160	2.1	2.2	2.2
Living common law - Widowed	35	15	20	0.2	0.2	0.3
Not married and not living common-law	6,360	3,125	3,235	44.0	43.5	44.5
Not married and not living common law - Never married	4,200	2,385	1,815	29.1	33.2	24.9
Not married and not living common law - Separated	500	215	285	3.5	3.0	3.9
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	885	380	505	6.1	5.3	6.9
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	770	140	630	5.3	1.9	8.7
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	4,800	...	...	100.0	...	...
2 persons	2,565	...	...	53.4	...	...
3 persons	1,010	...	...	21.0	...	...
4 persons	815	...	...	17.0	...	...
5 or more persons	410	...	...	8.5	...	...
Average size of census families	2.8	...	...	2.8	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.8	...	...	1.8	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	4,800	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total couple families	3,915	...	...	81.6	...	...
Married couples	2,980	...	...	62.1	...	...
With children⁶	1,450	...	...	30.2	...	...
Without children	1,535	...	...	32.0	...	...
Common-law couples	930	...	...	19.4	...	...
With children⁶	420	...	...	8.8	...	...
Without children	510	...	...	10.6	...	...
Total one-parent families	885	...	...	18.4	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	665	...	...	13.9	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	220	...	...	4.6	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	17,380	8,710	8,670	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total - Persons in census families	13,650	6,780	6,870	78.5	77.8	79.2
Married spouses or common-law partners	7,825	3,920	3,910	45.0	45.0	45.1
Parents in one-parent families	890	220	665	5.1	2.5	7.7
Children⁶	4,935	2,640	2,295	28.4	30.3	26.5
In a two-parent family	3,525	1,845	1,680	20.3	21.2	19.4
In a one-parent family	1,410	795	615	8.1	9.1	7.1
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	3,730	1,930	1,800	21.5	22.2	20.8
Living alone	2,445	1,235	1,210	14.1	14.2	14.0
Living with other relatives⁷	405	185	220	2.3	2.1	2.5
Living with non-relatives only	875	505	370	5.0	5.8	4.3
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	7,540	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	4,330	...	...	57.4	...	...
Couple-family households	3,625	...	...	48.1	...	...
With children⁶	1,745	...	...	23.1	...	...
Without children	1,885	...	...	25.0	...	...
One-parent-family households	700	...	...	9.3	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	110	...	...	1.5	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	25	...	...	0.3	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	260	...	...	3.4	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	370	...	...	4.9	...	...
One-person households	2,445	...	...	32.4	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	14,025	6,970	7,055	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	13,565	6,745	6,820	96.7	96.8	96.7
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	44,800	57,200	37,200	44,800	57,200	37,200
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	13,590	6,755	6,835	96.9	96.9	96.9
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	40,800	50,400	34,800	40,800	50,400	34,800
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	12,170	6,205	5,965	86.8	89.0	84.5
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	40,400	55,200	29,600	40,400	55,200	29,600
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	10,640	5,585	5,055	75.9	80.1	71.7
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	42,000	57,200	31,200	42,000	57,200	31,200
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	10,740	4,865	5,880	76.6	69.8	83.3
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	10,200	9,200	11,100	10,200	9,200	11,100
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	1,575	780	795	11.2	11.2	11.3
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,280	6,280	6,040	6,280	6,280	6,040
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	3,580	1,765	1,810	25.5	25.3	25.7
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,000	8,000	8,500	8,000	8,000	8,500
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	14,030	6,975	7,055	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	13,565	6,755	6,810	96.7	96.8	96.5
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	56,150	67,900	44,440	56,150	67,900	44,440
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	13,580	6,765	6,820	96.8	97.0	96.7
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	47,680	56,000	39,400	47,680	56,000	39,400
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	12,175	6,200	5,975	86.8	88.9	84.7
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	52,200	65,000	38,920	52,200	65,000	38,920
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	10,640	5,570	5,070	75.8	79.9	71.9
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	52,550	64,800	39,080	52,550	64,800	39,080
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	10,665	4,850	5,815	76.0	69.5	82.4
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	11,820	11,510	12,070	11,820	11,510	12,070
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	1,550	880	670	11.0	12.6	9.5
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,710	7,420	8,080	7,710	7,420	8,080
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	3,520	1,820	1,700	25.1	26.1	24.1
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	9,070	8,730	9,440	9,070	8,730	9,440
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	14,030	6,970	7,055	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	4,730	2,570	2,155	33.7	36.9	30.5
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	66,000	77,000	54,400	66,000	77,000	54,400
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	74,500	86,300	60,450	74,500	86,300	60,450
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	4,545	2,325	2,225	32.4	33.4	31.5
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	25,800	35,200	18,800	25,800	35,200	18,800
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	38,480	50,520	25,880	38,480	50,520	25,880
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	83.4	87.8	76.8	83.4	87.8	76.8
Employment income (%)¹⁹	73.4	78.6	65.4	73.4	78.6	65.4
Government transfers (%)²⁰	16.6	12.2	23.2	16.6	12.2	23.2
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.6	1.4	1.8	1.6	1.4	1.8
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	5.2	4.1	6.8	5.2	4.1	6.8
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	4.2	3.5	5.3	4.2	3.5	5.3
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	14,030	6,975	7,055	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without total income	460	230	230	3.3	3.3	3.3
With total income	13,565	6,740	6,825	96.7	96.6	96.7
Under $10,000 (including loss)	1,045	405	635	7.7	6.0	9.3
$10,000 to $19,999	1,415	550	860	10.4	8.2	12.6
$20,000 to $29,999	1,905	740	1,165	14.0	11.0	17.1
$30,000 to $39,999	1,695	640	1,055	12.5	9.5	15.5
$40,000 to $49,999	1,455	625	830	10.7	9.3	12.2
$50,000 to $59,999	1,240	550	690	9.1	8.2	10.1
$60,000 to $69,999	1,010	505	505	7.4	7.5	7.4
$70,000 to $79,999	810	505	305	6.0	7.5	4.5
$80,000 to $89,999	685	455	225	5.0	6.8	3.3
$90,000 to $99,999	520	325	195	3.8	4.8	2.9
$100,000 and over	1,800	1,430	365	13.3	21.2	5.3
$100,000 to $149,999	1,185	900	285	8.7	13.4	4.2
$150,000 and over	615	535	75	4.5	7.9	1.1
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	14,030	6,975	7,055	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without after-tax income	440	220	225	3.1	3.2	3.2
With after-tax income	13,585	6,750	6,830	96.8	96.8	96.8
Under $10,000 (including loss)	1,090	425	665	8.0	6.3	9.7
$10,000 to $19,999	1,460	570	885	10.7	8.4	13.0
$20,000 to $29,999	2,160	845	1,315	15.9	12.5	19.3
$30,000 to $39,999	1,945	780	1,165	14.3	11.6	17.1
$40,000 to $49,999	1,665	725	940	12.3	10.7	13.8
$50,000 to $59,999	1,395	695	700	10.3	10.3	10.2
$60,000 to $69,999	1,095	670	425	8.1	9.9	6.2
$70,000 to $79,999	775	510	260	5.7	7.6	3.8
$80,000 to $89,999	620	415	205	4.6	6.1	3.0
$90,000 to $99,999	395	295	100	2.9	4.4	1.5
$100,000 and over	995	830	170	7.3	12.3	2.5
$100,000 to $124,999	530	425	100	3.9	6.3	1.5
$125,000 and over	465	400	65	3.4	5.9	1.0
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	14,030	6,975	7,055	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without employment income	3,385	1,390	2,000	24.1	19.9	28.3
With employment income	10,640	5,585	5,055	75.8	80.1	71.7
Under $5,000 (including loss)	1,320	555	765	12.4	9.9	15.1
$5,000 to $9,999	705	265	435	6.6	4.7	8.6
$10,000 to $19,999	1,120	455	665	10.5	8.1	13.2
$20,000 to $29,999	1,010	425	580	9.5	7.6	11.5
$30,000 to $39,999	960	405	555	9.0	7.3	11.0
$40,000 to $49,999	870	395	475	8.2	7.1	9.4
$50,000 to $59,999	855	390	465	8.0	7.0	9.2
$60,000 to $69,999	735	405	325	6.9	7.3	6.4
$70,000 to $79,999	650	430	225	6.1	7.7	4.5
$80,000 to $89,999	495	345	150	4.7	6.2	3.0
$90,000 to $99,999	435	280	150	4.1	5.0	3.0
$100,000 and over	1,495	1,225	270	14.1	21.9	5.3
$100,000 to $124,999	640	485	160	6.0	8.7	3.2
$125,000 and over	850	740	115	8.0	13.2	2.3
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	14,025	6,970	7,055	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	13,245	6,570	6,685	94.4	94.3	94.8
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	44,400	60,400	34,000	44,400	60,400	34,000
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	13,270	6,570	6,705	94.6	94.3	95.0
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	40,000	52,400	31,200	40,000	52,400	31,200
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	12,105	6,180	5,925	86.3	88.7	84.0
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	42,800	60,000	30,800	42,800	60,000	30,800
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	10,855	5,670	5,180	77.4	81.3	73.4
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	43,600	60,000	31,400	43,600	60,000	31,400
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	8,455	3,435	5,020	60.3	49.3	71.2
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	7,400	6,950	7,650	7,400	6,950	7,650
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	1,215	590	625	8.7	8.5	8.9
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,650	6,200	7,300	6,650	6,200	7,300
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	14,030	6,975	7,055	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	13,170	6,525	6,640	93.9	93.5	94.1
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	56,800	72,000	41,880	56,800	72,000	41,880
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	13,205	6,525	6,680	94.1	93.5	94.7
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	47,040	57,800	36,600	47,040	57,800	36,600
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	12,075	6,150	5,925	86.1	88.2	84.0
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	55,500	71,300	39,120	55,500	71,300	39,120
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	10,870	5,635	5,235	77.5	80.8	74.2
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	54,050	69,600	37,280	54,050	69,600	37,280
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	8,355	3,430	4,930	59.6	49.2	69.9
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	9,310	9,120	9,440	9,310	9,120	9,440
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	1,175	585	585	8.4	8.4	8.3
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	8,300	7,320	9,280	8,300	7,320	9,280
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	14,030	6,970	7,055	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	4,710	2,560	2,150	33.6	36.7	30.5
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	63,200	78,000	51,600	63,200	78,000	51,600
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	73,000	87,900	55,350	73,000	87,900	55,350
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	4,230	2,200	2,035	30.1	31.6	28.8
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	33,200	46,000	25,400	33,200	46,000	25,400
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	46,160	60,850	30,280	46,160	60,850	30,280
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	89.6	93.4	83.2	89.6	93.4	83.2
Employment income (%)	78.6	83.6	70.2	78.6	83.6	70.2
Government transfers (%)	10.4	6.7	16.7	10.4	6.7	16.7
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.3	0.9	2.0	1.3	0.9	2.0
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	7,540	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	85,000	...	...	85,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	76,000	...	...	76,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	2,445	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	45,600	...	...	45,600	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	41,200	...	...	41,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	5,095	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	110,000	...	...	110,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	96,000	...	...	96,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	7,545	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	101,000	...	...	101,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	85,900	...	...	85,900	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	2,460	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	55,100	...	...	55,100	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	47,600	...	...	47,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	5,080	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	123,200	...	...	123,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	104,400	...	...	104,400	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	7,540	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	80	...	...	1.1	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	30	...	...	0.4	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	70	...	...	0.9	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	155	...	...	2.1	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	310	...	...	4.1	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	275	...	...	3.6	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	240	...	...	3.2	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	290	...	...	3.8	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	285	...	...	3.8	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	270	...	...	3.6	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	525	...	...	7.0	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	540	...	...	7.2	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	475	...	...	6.3	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	455	...	...	6.0	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	420	...	...	5.6	...	...
$100,000 and over	3,135	...	...	41.6	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	880	...	...	11.7	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	690	...	...	9.2	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	895	...	...	11.9	...	...
$200,000 and over	670	...	...	8.9	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	7,540	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	80	...	...	1.1	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	30	...	...	0.4	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	75	...	...	1.0	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	160	...	...	2.1	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	320	...	...	4.2	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	300	...	...	4.0	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	290	...	...	3.8	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	330	...	...	4.4	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	290	...	...	3.8	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	335	...	...	4.4	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	635	...	...	8.4	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	605	...	...	8.0	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	540	...	...	7.2	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	555	...	...	7.4	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	445	...	...	5.9	...	...
$100,000 and over	2,555	...	...	33.9	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	965	...	...	12.8	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	670	...	...	8.9	...	...
$150,000 and over	920	...	...	12.2	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	4,820	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	109,000	...	...	109,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	95,000	...	...	95,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.9	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	1,935	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	100,000	...	...	100,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	89,000	...	...	89,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	1,880	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	137,000	...	...	137,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	117,000	...	...	117,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	4.0	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	860	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	66,500	...	...	66,500	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	62,400	...	...	62,400	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	3,325	1,740	1,580	...	...	...
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	42,400	48,400	37,200	42,400	48,400	37,200
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	38,800	43,600	34,800	38,800	43,600	34,800
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	4,805	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	122,200	...	...	122,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	103,200	...	...	103,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,925	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	117,300	...	...	117,300	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	98,400	...	...	98,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,910	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	146,400	...	...	146,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	122,500	...	...	122,500	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	835	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	77,600	...	...	77,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	69,400	...	...	69,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	3,380	1,755	1,625	...	...	...
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	51,700	57,700	45,280	51,700	57,700	45,280
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	44,920	48,800	40,680	44,920	48,800	40,680
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	17,380	8,705	8,675	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	3,945	2,050	1,895	22.7	23.5	21.8
0 to 5 years	1,340	685	655	7.7	7.9	7.6
18 to 64 years	10,880	5,495	5,385	62.6	63.1	62.1
65 years and over	2,550	1,165	1,390	14.7	13.4	16.0
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	1,900	850	1,050	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	530	275	250	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	190	95	90	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	935	415	520	...	...	...
65 years and over	440	160	275	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	10.9	9.8	12.1	10.9	9.8	12.1
0 to 17 years (%)	13.4	13.5	13.2	13.4	13.5	13.2
0 to 5 years (%)	13.9	13.4	14.4	13.9	13.4	14.4
18 to 64 years (%)	8.6	7.5	9.7	8.6	7.5	9.7
65 years and over (%)	17.2	13.8	20.0	17.2	13.8	20.0
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	17,380	8,710	8,670	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	3,945	2,050	1,895	22.7	23.5	21.9
0 to 5 years	1,340	685	655	7.7	7.9	7.6
18 to 64 years	10,885	5,490	5,390	62.6	63.0	62.2
65 years and over	2,555	1,165	1,385	14.7	13.4	16.0
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	505	250	260	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	145	65	75	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	55	25	30	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	320	165	160	...	...	...
65 years and over	40	20	25	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	2.9	2.8	3.0	2.9	2.8	3.0
0 to 17 years (%)	3.6	3.3	3.9	3.6	3.3	3.9
0 to 5 years (%)	4.0	3.6	4.4	4.0	3.6	4.4
18 to 64 years (%)	3.0	3.0	3.0	3.0	3.0	3.0
65 years and over (%)	1.7	1.4	1.9	1.7	1.4	1.9
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	17,380	8,710	8,675	100.0	100.0	100.0
In bottom half of the distribution	8,355	3,970	4,385	48.1	45.6	50.5
In bottom decile	1,750	800	945	10.1	9.2	10.9
In second decile	1,575	725	850	9.1	8.3	9.8
In third decile	1,650	795	855	9.5	9.1	9.9
In fourth decile	1,635	795	840	9.4	9.1	9.7
In fifth decile	1,750	860	890	10.1	9.9	10.3
In top half of the distribution	9,025	4,735	4,290	51.9	54.4	49.5
In sixth decile	1,710	870	835	9.8	10.0	9.6
In seventh decile	1,750	905	840	10.1	10.4	9.7
In eighth decile	1,835	980	860	10.6	11.3	9.9
In ninth decile	1,970	1,035	935	11.3	11.9	10.8
In top decile	1,765	950	815	10.2	10.9	9.4
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	17,380	...	...	17,380	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.317	...	...	0.317	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.422	...	...	0.422	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.280	...	...	0.280	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.8	...	...	3.8	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	17,730	8,880	8,855	100.0	100.0	100.0
English only	16,885	8,505	8,380	95.2	95.8	94.6
French only	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and French	790	350	445	4.5	3.9	5.0
Neither English nor French	60	30	30	0.3	0.3	0.3
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	17,730	8,880	8,855	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	17,540	8,795	8,750	98.9	99.0	98.8
French	110	55	55	0.6	0.6	0.6
English and French	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.2
Neither English nor French	55	25	30	0.3	0.3	0.3
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	17,730	8,880	8,855	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	17,415	8,725	8,685	98.2	98.3	98.1
Official languages	15,765	7,960	7,805	88.9	89.6	88.1
English	15,630	7,895	7,730	88.2	88.9	87.3
French	135	65	75	0.8	0.7	0.8
Non-official languages	1,640	760	885	9.2	8.6	10.0
Indigenous languages³⁹	55	20	35	0.3	0.2	0.4
Algonquian languages	45	20	30	0.3	0.2	0.3
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	45	20	30	0.3	0.2	0.3
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	45	20	30	0.3	0.2	0.3
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	15	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	10	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	25	5	15	0.1	0.1	0.2
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	1,590	745	850	9.0	8.4	9.6
Afro-Asiatic languages	15	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	495	210	280	2.8	2.4	3.2
Bikol	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Bisaya, n.o.s.	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Cebuano	25	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.2
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Ilocano	15	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Indonesian	0	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	420	180	240	2.4	2.0	2.7
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	85	50	40	0.5	0.6	0.5
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	85	50	40	0.5	0.6	0.5
Tamil	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	880	425	455	5.0	4.8	5.1
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	85	40	45	0.5	0.5	0.5
Baltic languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Latvian	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	85	40	45	0.5	0.5	0.5
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Russian	35	15	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Bosnian	0	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Croatian	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	450	210	240	2.5	2.4	2.7
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	390	180	210	2.2	2.0	2.4
German	370	175	200	2.1	2.0	2.3
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	15	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	50	20	25	0.3	0.2	0.3
Afrikaans	25	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Dutch	20	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	10	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	10	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Swedish	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	250	140	110	1.4	1.6	1.2
Indo-Aryan languages	240	135	100	1.4	1.5	1.1
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	10	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Gujarati	15	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Hindi	35	25	10	0.2	0.3	0.1
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	175	95	80	1.0	1.1	0.9
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	10	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	10	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	90	30	55	0.5	0.3	0.6
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Portuguese	25	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Romanian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	55	20	35	0.3	0.2	0.4
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	35	15	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Chinese languages	35	15	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	10	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Hungarian	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	320	155	165	1.8	1.7	1.9
English and French	55	30	25	0.3	0.3	0.3
English and non-official language(s)	225	110	115	1.3	1.2	1.3
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Multiple non-official languages	35	10	20	0.2	0.1	0.2
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	17,730	8,880	8,855	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	15,905	8,005	7,900	89.7	90.1	89.2
French	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Non-official language	390	205	190	2.2	2.3	2.1
Indigenous³⁹	15	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Non-Indigenous	380	190	190	2.1	2.1	2.1
English and French	105	50	50	0.6	0.6	0.6
English and non-official language(s)	1,270	595	680	7.2	6.7	7.7
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.2
Multiple non-official languages	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	17,730	8,880	8,855	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	17,435	8,740	8,695	98.3	98.4	98.2
Official languages	16,470	8,260	8,205	92.9	93.0	92.7
English	16,435	8,245	8,195	92.7	92.8	92.5
French	30	15	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
Non-official languages	970	480	485	5.5	5.4	5.5
Indigenous languages³⁹	15	15	5	0.1	0.2	0.1
Algonquian languages	15	15	5	0.1	0.2	0.1
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	15	15	5	0.1	0.2	0.1
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	15	15	5	0.1	0.2	0.1
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	15	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	955	465	485	5.4	5.2	5.5
Afro-Asiatic languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	10	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	10	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	295	140	160	1.7	1.6	1.8
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	270	120	150	1.5	1.4	1.7
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	70	40	35	0.4	0.5	0.4
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	70	40	35	0.4	0.5	0.4
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	535	275	260	3.0	3.1	2.9
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	45	25	20	0.3	0.3	0.2
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	45	25	20	0.3	0.3	0.2
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	25	15	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Bosnian	0	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	270	125	140	1.5	1.4	1.6
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	245	115	135	1.4	1.3	1.5
German	240	110	130	1.4	1.2	1.5
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	20	15	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Afrikaans	20	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	185	100	85	1.0	1.1	1.0
Indo-Aryan languages	180	95	80	1.0	1.1	0.9
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	15	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Hindi	15	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	145	75	65	0.8	0.8	0.7
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	35	20	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	25	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	20	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	10	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
American Sign Language	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Chinese languages	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	300	140	155	1.7	1.6	1.8
English and French	15	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
English and non-official language(s)	265	125	140	1.5	1.4	1.6
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	15	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	17,730	8,880	8,850	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	16,580	8,340	8,240	93.5	93.9	93.1
English	510	240	265	2.9	2.7	3.0
French	80	40	40	0.5	0.5	0.5
Non-official language	455	210	250	2.6	2.4	2.8
Indigenous³⁹	30	15	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Non-Indigenous	425	190	230	2.4	2.1	2.6
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	65	35	30	0.4	0.4	0.3
French and non-official language(s)	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	40	15	25	0.2	0.2	0.3
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	17,380	8,710	8,670	100.0	100.0	100.0
Official languages	17,325	8,685	8,640	99.7	99.7	99.7
English	17,325	8,685	8,640	99.7	99.7	99.7
French	855	335	515	4.9	3.8	5.9
Non-official languages	2,120	1,015	1,110	12.2	11.7	12.8
Indigenous languages³⁹	80	40	45	0.5	0.5	0.5
Algonquian languages	70	40	35	0.4	0.5	0.4
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	70	35	35	0.4	0.4	0.4
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	70	35	35	0.4	0.4	0.4
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	50	25	25	0.3	0.3	0.3
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Northern Athabaskan languages	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	2,045	970	1,075	11.8	11.1	12.4
Afro-Asiatic languages	30	25	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	25	20	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	25	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.2
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	25	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.2
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	640	240	395	3.7	2.8	4.6
Bikol	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	55	25	35	0.3	0.3	0.4
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	630	235	390	3.6	2.7	4.5
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	130	60	75	0.7	0.7	0.9
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	130	60	75	0.7	0.7	0.9
Tamil	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	1,050	595	455	6.0	6.8	5.2
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	220	140	80	1.3	1.6	0.9
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	220	140	80	1.3	1.6	0.9
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Russian	160	105	55	0.9	1.2	0.6
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	20	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	15	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	45	20	25	0.3	0.2	0.3
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	365	205	160	2.1	2.4	1.8
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	285	160	120	1.6	1.8	1.4
German	240	135	105	1.4	1.5	1.2
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	65	40	25	0.4	0.5	0.3
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	65	35	30	0.4	0.4	0.3
Afrikaans	50	35	20	0.3	0.4	0.2
Dutch	40	20	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	315	190	125	1.8	2.2	1.4
Indo-Aryan languages	300	190	115	1.7	2.2	1.3
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Hindi	105	65	45	0.6	0.7	0.5
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	20	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	240	155	85	1.4	1.8	1.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	180	80	105	1.0	0.9	1.2
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	30	10	15	0.2	0.1	0.2
Portuguese	45	25	25	0.3	0.3	0.3
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	130	45	85	0.7	0.5	1.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Korean	65	25	40	0.4	0.3	0.5
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.2
American Sign Language	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	20	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Sino-Tibetan languages	35	10	30	0.2	0.1	0.3
Chinese languages	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.2
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	30	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.2
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	30	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.2
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	60	20	35	0.3	0.2	0.4
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	20	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
Hungarian	40	15	25	0.2	0.2	0.3
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	17,375	8,705	8,670	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	2,460	1,190	1,270	14.2	13.7	14.6
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	2,365	1,150	1,215	13.6	13.2	14.0
First Nations (North American Indian)	1,220	565	655	7.0	6.5	7.6
Métis	1,130	575	550	6.5	6.6	6.3
Inuk (Inuit)	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	70	30	45	0.4	0.3	0.5
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	20	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.2
Non-Indigenous identity	14,920	7,515	7,405	85.9	86.3	85.4
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	17,375	8,705	8,670	100.0	100.0	100.0
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	730	320	415	4.2	3.7	4.8
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	16,645	8,390	8,255	95.8	96.4	95.2
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	7,545	...	...	100.0	...	...
Owner	5,100	...	...	67.6	...	...
Renter	2,440	...	...	32.3	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	7,545	...	...	100.0	...	...
Condominium	300	...	...	4.0	...	...
Not condominium	7,245	...	...	96.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	7,545	...	...	100.0	...	...
No bedrooms	50	...	...	0.7	...	...
1 bedroom	785	...	...	10.4	...	...
2 bedrooms	1,860	...	...	24.7	...	...
3 bedrooms	2,685	...	...	35.6	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	2,155	...	...	28.6	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	7,545	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	1,935	...	...	25.6	...	...
5 rooms	1,410	...	...	18.7	...	...
6 rooms	1,065	...	...	14.1	...	...
7 rooms	1,025	...	...	13.6	...	...
8 or more rooms	2,105	...	...	27.9	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.3	...	...	6.3	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	7,545	...	...	100.0	...	...
One person or fewer per room	7,415	...	...	98.3	...	...
More than one person per room	130	...	...	1.7	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	7,545	...	...	100.0	...	...
Suitable	7,275	...	...	96.4	...	...
Not suitable	270	...	...	3.6	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	7,545	...	...	100.0	...	...
1960 or before	1,545	...	...	20.5	...	...
1961 to 1980	2,595	...	...	34.4	...	...
1981 to 1990	765	...	...	10.1	...	...
1991 to 2000	795	...	...	10.5	...	...
2001 to 2005	250	...	...	3.3	...	...
2006 to 2010	635	...	...	8.4	...	...
2011 to 2015	615	...	...	8.2	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	350	...	...	4.6	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	7,545	...	...	100.0	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	6,890	...	...	91.3	...	...
Major repairs needed	655	...	...	8.7	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	7,545	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-maintainer household	4,255	...	...	56.4	...	...
Two-maintainer household	3,080	...	...	40.8	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	200	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	7,545	...	...	100.0	...	...
15 to 24 years	420	...	...	5.6	...	...
25 to 34 years	1,385	...	...	18.4	...	...
35 to 44 years	1,310	...	...	17.4	...	...
45 to 54 years	1,220	...	...	16.2	...	...
55 to 64 years	1,460	...	...	19.4	...	...
65 to 74 years	985	...	...	13.1	...	...
75 to 84 years	535	...	...	7.1	...	...
85 years and over	225	...	...	3.0	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	7,265	...	...	100.0	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	6,030	...	...	83.0	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	1,240	...	...	17.1	...	...
30% to less than 100%	1,140	...	...	15.7	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	7,540	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	2,005	...	...	26.6	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	1,130	...	...	15.0	...	...
Not suitable only	205	...	...	2.7	...	...
Major repairs needed only	515	...	...	6.8	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	15	...	...	0.2	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	90	...	...	1.2	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	45	...	...	0.6	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Acceptable housing	5,535	...	...	73.4	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	7,165	...	...	100.0	...	...
In core need	800	...	...	11.2	...	...
Not in core need	6,370	...	...	88.9	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	4,855	...	...	...	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	66.1	...	...	66.1	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	11.7	...	...	11.7	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	6.7	...	...	6.7	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,320	...	...	1,320	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,362	...	...	1,362	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	300,000	...	...	300,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	334,800	...	...	334,800	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	2,440	...	...	...	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	12.3	...	...	12.3	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	27.8	...	...	27.8	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	20.2	...	...	20.2	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,010	...	...	1,010	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,099	...	...	1,099	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	...	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	17,380	8,705	8,675	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	870	430	440	5.0	4.9	5.1
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	820	405	420	4.7	4.7	4.8
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	595	270	325	3.4	3.1	3.7
Métis single ancestry	230	135	95	1.3	1.6	1.1
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	45	25	25	0.3	0.3	0.3
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	45	25	25	0.3	0.3	0.3
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	1,550	730	815	8.9	8.4	9.4
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	1,505	705	800	8.7	8.1	9.2
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	985	480	500	5.7	5.5	5.8
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	505	215	295	2.9	2.5	3.4
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	45	25	20	0.3	0.3	0.2
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	45	25	20	0.3	0.3	0.2
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	14,960	7,545	7,415	86.1	86.7	85.5
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	17,380	8,710	8,670	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	16,250	8,120	8,130	93.5	93.2	93.8
Canadian citizens aged under 18	3,820	1,950	1,865	22.0	22.4	21.5
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	12,430	6,170	6,260	71.5	70.8	72.2
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	1,130	585	545	6.5	6.7	6.3
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	17,380	8,710	8,670	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	15,415	7,775	7,640	88.7	89.3	88.1
Immigrants⁸¹	1,520	685	830	8.7	7.9	9.6
Before 1980	350	165	185	2.0	1.9	2.1
1980 to 1990	130	50	80	0.7	0.6	0.9
1991 to 2000	135	55	80	0.8	0.6	0.9
2001 to 2010	170	60	115	1.0	0.7	1.3
2011 to 2021⁸²	735	365	375	4.2	4.2	4.3
2011 to 2015	305	135	170	1.8	1.5	2.0
2016 to 2021	430	230	205	2.5	2.6	2.4
Non-permanent residents⁸³	445	245	200	2.6	2.8	2.3
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	1,520	690	830	100.0	100.0	100.0
Under 5 years	165	85	85	10.9	12.3	10.2
5 to 14 years	345	175	165	22.7	25.4	19.9
15 to 24 years	235	100	135	15.5	14.5	16.3
25 to 44 years	650	270	375	42.8	39.1	45.2
45 years and over	125	60	65	8.2	8.7	7.8
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	1,520	690	830	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	280	110	170	18.4	15.9	20.5
Brazil	10	0	10	0.7	0.0	1.2
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
El Salvador	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyana	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	35	25	10	2.3	3.6	1.2
Mexico	10	0	0	0.7	0.0	0.0
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	195	75	115	12.8	10.9	13.9
Other places of birth in Americas	15	0	15	1.0	0.0	1.8
Europe	350	180	170	23.0	26.1	20.5
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germany	75	30	50	4.9	4.3	6.0
Greece	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Netherlands	15	10	0	1.0	1.4	0.0
Poland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portugal	10	0	0	0.7	0.0	0.0
Romania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	25	15	10	1.6	2.2	1.2
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	15	10	10	1.0	1.4	1.2
United Kingdom⁸⁷	100	50	55	6.6	7.2	6.6
Other places of birth in Europe	85	55	30	5.6	8.0	3.6
Africa	85	50	30	5.6	7.2	3.6
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	25	20	0	1.6	2.9	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	30	15	10	2.0	2.2	1.2
Other places of birth in Africa	20	0	10	1.3	0.0	1.2
Asia	795	345	455	52.3	50.0	54.8
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	15	0	10	1.0	0.0	1.2
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	45	15	25	3.0	2.2	3.0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	525	225	305	34.5	32.6	36.7
Viet Nam	20	0	10	1.3	0.0	1.2
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	130	70	55	8.6	10.1	6.6
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	50	15	40	3.3	2.2	4.8
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	10	10	0	0.7	1.4	0.0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	430	230	205	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	40	30	10	9.3	13.0	4.9
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	35	25	10	8.1	10.9	4.9
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Europe	35	20	20	8.1	8.7	9.8
France	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germany	10	0	0	2.3	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	15	0	10	3.5	0.0	4.9
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Europe	10	0	0	2.3	0.0	0.0
Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asia	355	185	165	82.6	80.4	80.5
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	100	55	45	23.3	23.9	22.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	230	120	115	53.5	52.2	56.1
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	17,380	8,710	8,670	100.0	100.0	100.0
First generation¹⁰⁰	2,115	1,030	1,085	12.2	11.8	12.5
Second generation¹⁰¹	2,335	1,170	1,160	13.4	13.4	13.4
Third generation or more¹⁰²	12,935	6,505	6,425	74.4	74.7	74.1
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	1,170	525	645	100.0	100.0	100.0
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	825	400	425	70.5	76.2	65.9
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	335	180	150	28.6	34.3	23.3
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	485	215	270	41.5	41.0	41.9
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	315	100	210	26.9	19.0	32.6
Refugees¹⁰⁸	30	20	15	2.6	3.8	2.3
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	1,170	525	645	100.0	100.0	100.0
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	300	130	175	25.6	24.8	27.1
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	55	35	20	4.7	6.7	3.1
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	75	45	30	6.4	8.6	4.7
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	735	315	420	62.8	60.0	65.1
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	17,380	8,705	8,670	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	1,710	780	925	9.8	9.0	10.7
South Asian	450	270	180	2.6	3.1	2.1
Chinese	80	35	40	0.5	0.4	0.5
Black	150	90	55	0.9	1.0	0.6
Filipino	685	255	430	3.9	2.9	5.0
Arab	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latin American	40	15	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Southeast Asian	175	60	110	1.0	0.7	1.3
West Asian	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.2
Korean	60	25	35	0.3	0.3	0.4
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple visible minorities	50	10	40	0.3	0.1	0.5
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	15,670	7,925	7,745	90.2	91.0	89.3
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	17,380	8,710	8,670	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian	2,810	1,510	1,300	16.2	17.3	15.0
English	4,365	2,170	2,190	25.1	24.9	25.3
Irish	3,080	1,325	1,755	17.7	15.2	20.2
Scottish	3,355	1,535	1,815	19.3	17.6	20.9
French, n.o.s.¹²²	1,800	840	960	10.4	9.6	11.1
German	3,150	1,605	1,545	18.1	18.4	17.8
Chinese	130	50	75	0.7	0.6	0.9
Italian	440	175	260	2.5	2.0	3.0
Indian (India)	290	160	130	1.7	1.8	1.5
Ukrainian	890	480	410	5.1	5.5	4.7
Dutch	805	365	440	4.6	4.2	5.1
Polish	475	205	275	2.7	2.4	3.2
Québécois	65	35	25	0.4	0.4	0.3
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	550	295	255	3.2	3.4	2.9
Filipino	765	280	490	4.4	3.2	5.7
French Canadian	230	110	115	1.3	1.3	1.3
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	500	240	255	2.9	2.8	2.9
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	670	305	365	3.9	3.5	4.2
Métis	830	395	435	4.8	4.5	5.0
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	445	225	225	2.6	2.6	2.6
Russian	530	295	240	3.0	3.4	2.8
Norwegian	1,290	615	675	7.4	7.1	7.8
Welsh	520	255	265	3.0	2.9	3.1
Portuguese	55	35	25	0.3	0.4	0.3
American	425	245	185	2.4	2.8	2.1
Spanish	35	20	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Swedish	635	295	340	3.7	3.4	3.9
Hungarian	235	105	130	1.4	1.2	1.5
Acadian	30	15	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Pakistani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	25	0	25	0.1	0.0	0.3
Jewish	80	50	30	0.5	0.6	0.3
Punjabi	95	75	20	0.5	0.9	0.2
Vietnamese	60	25	35	0.3	0.3	0.4
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	60	30	35	0.3	0.3	0.4
Jamaican	35	25	10	0.2	0.3	0.1
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	30	10	10	0.2	0.1	0.1
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	545	250	295	3.1	2.9	3.4
Korean	35	20	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Romanian	150	50	105	0.9	0.6	1.2
Lebanese	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Iranian	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	85	35	50	0.5	0.4	0.6
Danish	210	100	105	1.2	1.1	1.2
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	185	115	75	1.1	1.3	0.9
Sikh	65	45	20	0.4	0.5	0.2
Austrian	125	70	55	0.7	0.8	0.6
Belgian	65	35	30	0.4	0.4	0.3
Haitian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexican	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Mennonite	100	25	75	0.6	0.3	0.9
Swiss	135	70	65	0.8	0.8	0.7
Finnish	80	30	50	0.5	0.3	0.6
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	70	40	30	0.4	0.5	0.3
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	30	10	15	0.2	0.1	0.2
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	200	95	110	1.2	1.1	1.3
Muslim	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egyptian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	40	15	25	0.2	0.2	0.3
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	100	65	35	0.6	0.7	0.4
Colombian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moroccan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	160	80	75	0.9	0.9	0.9
Syrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afghan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway	35	25	10	0.2	0.3	0.1
Newfoundlander	40	20	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Hong Konger	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ontarian	40	15	25	0.2	0.2	0.3
Persian	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazilian	40	10	30	0.2	0.1	0.3
Nigerian	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	85	45	45	0.5	0.5	0.5
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	60	30	30	0.3	0.3	0.3
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
South African	40	30	15	0.2	0.3	0.2
Australian	30	10	20	0.2	0.1	0.2
Palestinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chilean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congolese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peruvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Brunswicker	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Canadian	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Israeli	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	120	40	80	0.7	0.5	0.9
Bulgarian	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Albertan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African American	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Tunisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
Cuban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Laotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	40	15	25	0.2	0.2	0.3
Northern Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
British Columbian	105	65	40	0.6	0.7	0.5
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jatt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	60	10	50	0.3	0.1	0.6
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	25	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.2
Dominican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Abenaki	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Zealander	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Breton	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania Dutch	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plains Cree	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saskatchewanian	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gaspesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norman	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteaux	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Burundian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Manitoban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Honduran	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cherokee	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Flemish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Goan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamileke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Libyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Basque	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igorot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guinean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maliseet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Beninese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Roma	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tajik	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amhara	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	17,375	8,705	8,675	100.0	100.0	100.0
Buddhist	45	10	35	0.3	0.1	0.4
Christian	6,725	2,980	3,740	38.7	34.2	43.1
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	1,940	930	1,010	11.2	10.7	11.6
Anabaptist	100	55	50	0.6	0.6	0.6
Anglican	380	120	260	2.2	1.4	3.0
Baptist	175	75	100	1.0	0.9	1.2
Catholic	2,100	975	1,125	12.1	11.2	13.0
Christian Orthodox	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
Jehovah's Witness	130	50	80	0.7	0.6	0.9
Latter Day Saints	30	10	25	0.2	0.1	0.3
Lutheran	315	135	180	1.8	1.6	2.1
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	70	25	40	0.4	0.3	0.5
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	270	125	150	1.6	1.4	1.7
Presbyterian	95	50	50	0.5	0.6	0.6
Reformed	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Church	585	215	370	3.4	2.5	4.3
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	515	210	305	3.0	2.4	3.5
Hindu	80	50	25	0.5	0.6	0.3
Jewish	15	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Muslim	40	30	10	0.2	0.3	0.1
Sikh	205	130	75	1.2	1.5	0.9
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Other religions and spiritual traditions	235	85	150	1.4	1.0	1.7
No religion and secular perspectives	10,040	5,405	4,630	57.8	62.1	53.4
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	17,205	8,610	8,595	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	14,730	7,420	7,310	85.6	86.2	85.0
Movers	2,470	1,190	1,285	14.4	13.8	15.0
Non-migrants	1,620	785	835	9.4	9.1	9.7
Migrants	855	405	450	5.0	4.7	5.2
Internal migrants	740	345	390	4.3	4.0	4.5
Intraprovincial migrants	440	195	245	2.6	2.3	2.9
Interprovincial migrants	300	155	145	1.7	1.8	1.7
External migrants	120	55	60	0.7	0.6	0.7
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	16,295	8,110	8,185	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	9,325	4,570	4,750	57.2	56.4	58.0
Movers	6,970	3,535	3,435	42.8	43.6	42.0
Non-migrants	2,825	1,400	1,415	17.3	17.3	17.3
Migrants	4,145	2,135	2,015	25.4	26.3	24.6
Internal migrants	3,470	1,775	1,695	21.3	21.9	20.7
Intraprovincial migrants	2,455	1,220	1,235	15.1	15.0	15.1
Interprovincial migrants	1,010	555	455	6.2	6.8	5.6
External migrants	685	360	325	4.2	4.4	4.0
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	14,030	6,970	7,055	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	3,480	1,905	1,575	24.8	27.3	22.3
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	10,545	5,065	5,480	75.2	72.7	77.7
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	9,440	4,675	4,765	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	1,735	980	760	18.4	21.0	15.9
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	7,705	3,695	4,005	81.6	79.0	84.1
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	14,025	6,975	7,055	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	3,045	1,625	1,420	21.7	23.3	20.1
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	4,415	2,080	2,335	31.5	29.8	33.1
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	6,570	3,270	3,300	46.8	46.9	46.8
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	4,895	2,685	2,210	34.9	38.5	31.3
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	1,910	1,560	350	13.6	22.4	5.0
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	650	445	210	4.6	6.4	3.0
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	1,260	1,115	140	9.0	16.0	2.0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	2,620	990	1,630	18.7	14.2	23.1
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	360	130	225	2.6	1.9	3.2
Bachelor's degree or higher	1,670	585	1,085	11.9	8.4	15.4
Bachelor's degree	1,250	415	835	8.9	5.9	11.8
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	105	50	60	0.7	0.7	0.9
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	35	20	15	0.2	0.3	0.2
Master's degree	270	95	180	1.9	1.4	2.6
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	15	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	9,445	4,680	4,770	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	1,465	795	675	15.5	17.0	14.2
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	3,000	1,435	1,565	31.8	30.7	32.8
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	4,975	2,450	2,530	52.7	52.4	53.0
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	3,670	2,035	1,630	38.9	43.5	34.2
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	1,480	1,250	235	15.7	26.7	4.9
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	480	340	135	5.1	7.3	2.8
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	1,005	910	95	10.6	19.4	2.0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	1,920	700	1,220	20.3	15.0	25.6
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	265	95	170	2.8	2.0	3.6
Bachelor's degree or higher	1,310	410	900	13.9	8.8	18.9
Bachelor's degree	980	300	675	10.4	6.4	14.2
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	75	25	45	0.8	0.5	0.9
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	25	10	15	0.3	0.2	0.3
Master's degree	215	60	155	2.3	1.3	3.2
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	15	10	0	0.2	0.2	0.0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	14,025	6,975	7,050	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	7,460	3,705	3,755	53.2	53.1	53.3
Education	520	95	420	3.7	1.4	6.0
13. Education	520	95	420	3.7	1.4	6.0
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	125	55	65	0.9	0.8	0.9
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
50. Visual and performing arts	110	45	60	0.8	0.6	0.9
Humanities	185	55	125	1.3	0.8	1.8
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
23. English language and literature/letters	20	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.2
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	50	20	30	0.4	0.3	0.4
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	20	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
39. Theology and religious vocations	50	15	35	0.4	0.2	0.5
54. History	25	10	10	0.2	0.1	0.1
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	430	130	300	3.1	1.9	4.3
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	35	15	20	0.2	0.2	0.3
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	135	10	120	1.0	0.1	1.7
22. Legal professions and studies	65	30	35	0.5	0.4	0.5
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
42. Psychology	95	30	70	0.7	0.4	1.0
45. Social sciences	90	40	50	0.6	0.6	0.7
Business, management and public administration	1,160	335	825	8.3	4.8	11.7
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	175	15	160	1.2	0.2	2.3
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	980	320	665	7.0	4.6	9.4
Physical and life sciences and technologies	100	60	35	0.7	0.9	0.5
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	25	0	20	0.2	0.0	0.3
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	20	20	0	0.1	0.3	0.0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
40. Physical sciences	35	25	10	0.2	0.4	0.1
41. Science technologies/technicians	15	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	75	55	20	0.5	0.8	0.3
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	50	45	10	0.4	0.6	0.1
25. Library science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
27. Mathematics and statistics	20	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	2,105	1,955	150	15.0	28.0	2.1
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
14. Engineering	90	75	20	0.6	1.1	0.3
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	470	415	55	3.4	5.9	0.8
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	580	535	40	4.1	7.7	0.6
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	670	635	30	4.8	9.1	0.4
48. Precision production	295	290	0	2.1	4.2	0.0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	315	180	140	2.2	2.6	2.0
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	165	85	80	1.2	1.2	1.1
03. Natural resources and conservation	150	95	55	1.1	1.4	0.8
Health and related fields	1,145	160	990	8.2	2.3	14.0
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	45	30	15	0.3	0.4	0.2
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	1,100	130	970	7.8	1.9	13.8
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Personal, protective and transportation services	415	190	230	3.0	2.7	3.3
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	270	85	180	1.9	1.2	2.6
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	35	10	20	0.2	0.1	0.3
49. Transportation and materials moving	110	90	25	0.8	1.3	0.4
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	9,440	4,675	4,765	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	4,465	2,230	2,235	47.3	47.7	46.9
Education	365	60	305	3.9	1.3	6.4
13. Education	365	60	305	3.9	1.3	6.4
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	110	50	60	1.2	1.1	1.3
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	15	15	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
50. Visual and performing arts	95	40	55	1.0	0.9	1.2
Humanities	125	30	95	1.3	0.6	2.0
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
23. English language and literature/letters	15	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.2
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	25	0	25	0.3	0.0	0.5
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	20	0	20	0.2	0.0	0.4
39. Theology and religious vocations	35	15	25	0.4	0.3	0.5
54. History	15	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.3
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	340	100	240	3.6	2.1	5.0
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	25	10	20	0.3	0.2	0.4
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	90	10	80	1.0	0.2	1.7
22. Legal professions and studies	55	20	35	0.6	0.4	0.7
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
42. Psychology	90	25	65	1.0	0.5	1.4
45. Social sciences	75	40	40	0.8	0.9	0.8
Business, management and public administration	840	225	620	8.9	4.8	13.0
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	135	10	125	1.4	0.2	2.6
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	700	215	490	7.4	4.6	10.3
Physical and life sciences and technologies	65	35	30	0.7	0.7	0.6
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	15	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.3
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	15	15	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
40. Physical sciences	30	15	10	0.3	0.3	0.2
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	60	40	15	0.6	0.9	0.3
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	45	40	10	0.5	0.9	0.2
25. Library science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
27. Mathematics and statistics	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	1,635	1,520	115	17.3	32.5	2.4
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
14. Engineering	75	55	15	0.8	1.2	0.3
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	370	330	40	3.9	7.1	0.8
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	465	440	30	4.9	9.4	0.6
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	505	480	25	5.3	10.3	0.5
48. Precision production	220	215	0	2.3	4.6	0.0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	225	105	120	2.4	2.2	2.5
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	95	30	65	1.0	0.6	1.4
03. Natural resources and conservation	130	75	55	1.4	1.6	1.2
Health and related fields	880	115	765	9.3	2.5	16.1
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	20	15	10	0.2	0.3	0.2
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	850	105	750	9.0	2.2	15.7
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Personal, protective and transportation services	330	160	160	3.5	3.4	3.4
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	220	75	140	2.3	1.6	2.9
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	15	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
49. Transportation and materials moving	95	80	15	1.0	1.7	0.3
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	9,440	4,675	4,765	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	4,465	2,230	2,235	47.3	47.7	46.9
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	4,980	2,450	2,525	52.8	52.4	53.0
Location of study inside Canada	4,270	2,165	2,100	45.2	46.3	44.1
Same as province or territory of residence	3,020	1,580	1,440	32.0	33.8	30.2
Different than province or territory of residence	1,250	590	665	13.2	12.6	14.0
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	710	285	425	7.5	6.1	8.9
Americas	120	35	80	1.3	0.7	1.7
United States of America	85	25	60	0.9	0.5	1.3
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Americas	15	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.2
Europe	95	45	55	1.0	1.0	1.2
Belgium	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germany	15	10	0	0.2	0.2	0.0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Switzerland	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Hungary	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	15	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.2
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	20	15	10	0.2	0.3	0.2
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Europe	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Africa	30	20	10	0.3	0.4	0.2
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	25	20	0	0.3	0.4	0.0
Other locations of study in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asia	460	185	280	4.9	4.0	5.9
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Philippines	280	110	175	3.0	2.4	3.7
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	120	55	65	1.3	1.2	1.4
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Asia	25	0	20	0.3	0.0	0.4
Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Zealand	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	14,025	6,975	7,055	...	...	...
In the labour force	9,695	5,210	4,490	...	...	...
Employed	8,805	4,655	4,150	...	...	...
Unemployed	890	555	335	...	...	...
Not in the labour force	4,330	1,760	2,570	...	...	...
Participation rate	69.1	74.7	63.6	69.1	74.7	63.6
Employment rate	62.8	66.7	58.8	62.8	66.7	58.8
Unemployment rate	9.2	10.7	7.5	9.2	10.7	7.5
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	14,025	6,975	7,050	100.0	100.0	100.0
Did not work¹⁸⁶	4,405	1,870	2,535	31.4	26.8	36.0
Worked	9,620	5,100	4,515	68.6	73.1	64.0
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	4,825	2,645	2,180	34.4	37.9	30.9
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	4,795	2,460	2,335	34.2	35.3	33.1
Average weeks worked in reference year	41.4	41.6	41.1	41.4	41.6	41.1
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	9,695	5,210	4,485	100.0	100.0	100.0
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	180	95	85	1.9	1.8	1.9
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	9,515	5,115	4,400	98.1	98.2	98.1
Employee	8,100	4,235	3,870	83.5	81.3	86.3
Permanent position	6,935	3,645	3,295	71.5	70.0	73.5
Temporary position	1,170	590	575	12.1	11.3	12.8
Fixed term (1 year or more)	360	155	205	3.7	3.0	4.6
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	805	435	370	8.3	8.3	8.2
Self-employed¹⁹²	1,415	875	535	14.6	16.8	11.9
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	9,695	5,210	4,485	100.0	100.0	100.0
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	180	95	85	1.9	1.8	1.9
All occupations¹⁹¹	9,515	5,115	4,400	98.1	98.2	98.1
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	60	45	20	0.6	0.9	0.4
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	1,235	225	1,005	12.7	4.3	22.4
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	330	270	60	3.4	5.2	1.3
3 Health occupations	690	105	590	7.1	2.0	13.2
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	1,240	345	890	12.8	6.6	19.8
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	110	55	55	1.1	1.1	1.2
6 Sales and service occupations	2,315	895	1,420	23.9	17.2	31.7
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	2,230	2,040	195	23.0	39.2	4.3
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	710	600	110	7.3	11.5	2.5
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	595	540	50	6.1	10.4	1.1
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	9,695	5,210	4,485	100.0	100.0	100.0
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	180	95	85	1.9	1.8	1.9
All industries¹⁹¹	9,515	5,115	4,400	98.1	98.2	98.1
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	480	350	130	5.0	6.7	2.9
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	865	785	80	8.9	15.1	1.8
22 Utilities	55	55	0	0.6	1.1	0.0
23 Construction	955	810	145	9.9	15.5	3.2
31-33 Manufacturing	395	305	95	4.1	5.9	2.1
41 Wholesale trade	290	220	65	3.0	4.2	1.4
44-45 Retail trade	1,155	565	585	11.9	10.8	13.0
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	615	445	170	6.3	8.5	3.8
51 Information and cultural industries	65	35	30	0.7	0.7	0.7
52 Finance and insurance	185	45	140	1.9	0.9	3.1
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	100	45	55	1.0	0.9	1.2
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	375	180	190	3.9	3.5	4.2
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	260	115	150	2.7	2.2	3.3
61 Educational services	685	190	500	7.1	3.6	11.1
62 Health care and social assistance	1,205	200	1,010	12.4	3.8	22.5
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	150	55	95	1.5	1.1	2.1
72 Accommodation and food services	715	255	460	7.4	4.9	10.3
81 Other services (except public administration)	460	245	215	4.7	4.7	4.8
91 Public administration	500	210	295	5.2	4.0	6.6
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	10,360	5,495	4,870	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	10,250	5,445	4,805	98.9	99.1	98.7
French	15	10	10	0.1	0.2	0.2
Non-official language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and French	30	10	20	0.3	0.2	0.4
English and non-official language(s)	60	25	35	0.6	0.5	0.7
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	10,360	5,495	4,870	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	10,360	5,490	4,870	100.0	99.9	100.0
Official languages	10,350	5,480	4,865	99.9	99.7	99.9
English	10,320	5,465	4,850	99.6	99.5	99.6
French	30	15	20	0.3	0.3	0.4
Non-official languages	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	10,360	5,495	4,870	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	10,275	5,465	4,815	99.2	99.5	98.9
English	15	10	10	0.1	0.2	0.2
French	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Non-official language	55	20	35	0.5	0.4	0.7
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	50	20	30	0.5	0.4	0.6
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	8,805	4,650	4,150	100.0	100.0	100.0
Worked at home	940	395	550	10.7	8.5	13.3
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
No fixed workplace address	1,765	1,430	340	20.0	30.8	8.2
Usual place of work	6,090	2,830	3,265	69.2	60.9	78.7
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	6,095	2,825	3,265	100.0	100.0	100.0
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	3,980	1,745	2,235	65.3	61.8	68.5
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	1,595	790	805	26.2	28.0	24.7
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	405	215	195	6.6	7.6	6.0
Commute to a different province or territory	110	75	35	1.8	2.7	1.1
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	7,860	4,260	3,605	100.0	100.0	100.0
Car, truck or van	7,300	3,985	3,310	92.9	93.5	91.8
Car, truck or van - as a driver	6,740	3,720	3,015	85.8	87.3	83.6
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	555	260	295	7.1	6.1	8.2
Public transit	25	0	15	0.3	0.0	0.4
Walked	420	195	220	5.3	4.6	6.1
Bicycle	20	10	0	0.3	0.2	0.0
Other method	100	50	50	1.3	1.2	1.4
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	7,860	4,260	3,605	100.0	100.0	100.0
Less than 15 minutes	4,580	2,125	2,455	58.3	49.9	68.1
15 to 29 minutes	1,655	890	765	21.1	20.9	21.2
30 to 44 minutes	850	590	260	10.8	13.8	7.2
45 to 59 minutes	295	235	60	3.8	5.5	1.7
60 minutes and over	480	415	65	6.1	9.7	1.8
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	7,860	4,260	3,605	100.0	100.0	100.0
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	675	585	90	8.6	13.7	2.5
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	1,450	1,070	375	18.4	25.1	10.4
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	2,105	1,090	1,015	26.8	25.6	28.2
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	1,765	670	1,095	22.5	15.7	30.4
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	805	280	525	10.2	6.6	14.6
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	1,065	565	500	13.5	13.3	13.9
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	4,015	2,090	1,925	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	195	95	100	4.9	4.5	5.2
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	3,820	1,995	1,825	95.1	95.5	94.8
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	2,845	1,480	1,360	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	130	65	60	4.6	4.4	4.4
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	60	25	35	2.1	1.7	2.6
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	65	40	30	2.3	2.7	2.2
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	2,715	1,420	1,300	95.4	95.9	95.6

Symbol legend

...
not applicable
^r
revised

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 30, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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