Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	TerraceMore information: British Columbia [Census agglomeration]
	Counts			Rates
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	19,606	...	...	...	...	...
Population, 2016¹	19,160^r	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	2.3	...	...	2.3	...	...
Total private dwellings²	8,661	...	...	...	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	8,000	...	...	...	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	9,721.84	...	...	...	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	19,605	9,870	9,735	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	3,525	1,760	1,770	18.0	17.8	18.2
0 to 4 years	1,145	570	580	5.8	5.8	6.0
5 to 9 years	1,185	580	600	6.0	5.9	6.2
10 to 14 years	1,195	610	590	6.1	6.2	6.1
15 to 64 years	12,865	6,515	6,350	65.6	66.0	65.2
15 to 19 years	1,085	565	520	5.5	5.7	5.3
20 to 24 years	1,115	580	535	5.7	5.9	5.5
25 to 29 years	1,415	750	665	7.2	7.6	6.8
30 to 34 years	1,455	725	725	7.4	7.3	7.4
35 to 39 years	1,340	690	645	6.8	7.0	6.6
40 to 44 years	1,210	610	600	6.2	6.2	6.2
45 to 49 years	1,155	560	595	5.9	5.7	6.1
50 to 54 years	1,355	660	695	6.9	6.7	7.1
55 to 59 years	1,380	705	675	7.0	7.1	6.9
60 to 64 years	1,360	670	690	6.9	6.8	7.1
65 years and over	3,210	1,595	1,620	16.4	16.2	16.6
65 to 69 years	1,125	595	535	5.7	6.0	5.5
70 to 74 years	910	445	465	4.6	4.5	4.8
75 to 79 years	585	285	300	3.0	2.9	3.1
80 to 84 years	340	165	175	1.7	1.7	1.8
85 years and over	250	110	140	1.3	1.1	1.4
85 to 89 years	170	80	90	0.9	0.8	0.9
90 to 94 years	55	20	35	0.3	0.2	0.4
95 to 99 years	20	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
100 years and over	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	18.0	17.8	18.2	18.0	17.8	18.2
15 to 64 years	65.6	66.0	65.2	65.6	66.0	65.2
65 years and over	16.4	16.2	16.6	16.4	16.2	16.6
85 years and over	1.3	1.1	1.4	1.3	1.1	1.4
Average age of the population	40.1	39.8	40.3	40.1	39.8	40.3
Median age of the population	39.6	39.2	40.0	39.6	39.2	40.0
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	8,000	...	...	100.0	...	...
Single-detached house	5,375	...	...	67.2	...	...
Semi-detached house	345	...	...	4.3	...	...
Row house	485	...	...	6.1	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	385	...	...	4.8	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	610	...	...	7.6	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Other single-attached house	50	...	...	0.6	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	750	...	...	9.4	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	8,000	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 person	2,265	...	...	28.3	...	...
2 persons	2,880	...	...	36.0	...	...
3 persons	1,170	...	...	14.6	...	...
4 persons	1,040	...	...	13.0	...	...
5 or more persons	650	...	...	8.1	...	...
Number of persons in private households	19,355	9,705	9,650	100.0	100.0	100.0
Average household size	2.4	...	...	2.4	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	16,075	8,115	7,965	100.0	100.0	100.0
Married or living common-law	9,230	4,605	4,625	57.4	56.7	58.1
Married	6,720	3,355	3,365	41.8	41.3	42.2
Living common-law	2,510	1,245	1,265	15.6	15.3	15.9
Living common law - Never married	1,870	925	945	11.6	11.4	11.9
Living common law - Separated	115	55	55	0.7	0.7	0.7
Living common law - Divorced	460	240	220	2.9	3.0	2.8
Living common law - Widowed	70	25	45	0.4	0.3	0.6
Not married and not living common-law	6,850	3,505	3,340	42.6	43.2	41.9
Not married and not living common law - Never married	4,645	2,690	1,955	28.9	33.1	24.5
Not married and not living common law - Separated	475	210	265	3.0	2.6	3.3
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	910	410	500	5.7	5.1	6.3
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	815	195	615	5.1	2.4	7.7
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	5,505	...	...	100.0	...	...
2 persons	2,995	...	...	54.4	...	...
3 persons	1,130	...	...	20.5	...	...
4 persons	935	...	...	17.0	...	...
5 or more persons	445	...	...	8.1	...	...
Average size of census families	2.8	...	...	2.8	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.8	...	...	1.8	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	5,505	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total couple families	4,525	...	...	82.2	...	...
Married couples	3,270	...	...	59.4	...	...
With children⁶	1,550	...	...	28.2	...	...
Without children	1,720	...	...	31.2	...	...
Common-law couples	1,255	...	...	22.8	...	...
With children⁶	535	...	...	9.7	...	...
Without children	720	...	...	13.1	...	...
Total one-parent families	975	...	...	17.7	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	715	...	...	13.0	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	255	...	...	4.6	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	19,355	9,705	9,655	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total - Persons in census families	15,515	7,670	7,850	80.2	79.0	81.3
Married spouses or common-law partners	9,050	4,510	4,545	46.8	46.5	47.1
Parents in one-parent families	980	260	720	5.1	2.7	7.5
Children⁶	5,490	2,905	2,585	28.4	29.9	26.8
In a two-parent family	3,925	2,040	1,890	20.3	21.0	19.6
In a one-parent family	1,565	865	700	8.1	8.9	7.3
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	3,840	2,035	1,800	19.8	21.0	18.6
Living alone	2,265	1,135	1,130	11.7	11.7	11.7
Living with other relatives⁷	585	310	275	3.0	3.2	2.8
Living with non-relatives only	990	590	400	5.1	6.1	4.1
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	8,000	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	4,735	...	...	59.2	...	...
Couple-family households	4,030	...	...	50.4	...	...
With children⁶	1,850	...	...	23.1	...	...
Without children	2,185	...	...	27.3	...	...
One-parent-family households	700	...	...	8.8	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	200	...	...	2.5	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	40	...	...	0.5	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	360	...	...	4.5	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	400	...	...	5.0	...	...
One-person households	2,265	...	...	28.3	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	15,835	7,950	7,885	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	15,400	7,775	7,625	97.3	97.8	96.7
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	44,400	53,600	38,400	44,400	53,600	38,400
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	15,405	7,775	7,630	97.3	97.8	96.8
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	40,400	47,200	35,600	40,400	47,200	35,600
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	13,755	7,070	6,685	86.9	88.9	84.8
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	39,600	50,800	31,000	39,600	50,800	31,000
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	11,600	6,100	5,500	73.3	76.7	69.8
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	43,200	54,800	34,000	43,200	54,800	34,000
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	12,445	5,890	6,555	78.6	74.1	83.1
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	9,700	9,000	10,600	9,700	9,000	10,600
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	1,800	905	890	11.4	11.4	11.3
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,680	5,760	5,520	5,680	5,760	5,520
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	3,530	1,625	1,900	22.3	20.4	24.1
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,500	7,000	8,000	7,500	7,000	8,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	15,945	8,030	7,915	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	15,465	7,815	7,650	97.0	97.3	96.7
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	53,850	62,550	44,920	53,850	62,550	44,920
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	15,465	7,815	7,650	97.0	97.3	96.7
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	46,400	52,800	39,840	46,400	52,800	39,840
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	13,930	7,125	6,810	87.4	88.7	86.0
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	49,640	59,700	39,160	49,640	59,700	39,160
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	11,695	6,135	5,560	73.3	76.4	70.2
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	51,350	61,050	40,680	51,350	61,050	40,680
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	12,530	5,930	6,600	78.6	73.8	83.4
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	11,230	10,730	11,670	11,230	10,730	11,670
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	1,740	895	845	10.9	11.1	10.7
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,130	7,080	7,160	7,130	7,080	7,160
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	3,525	1,600	1,930	22.1	19.9	24.4
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,070	7,820	8,270	8,070	7,820	8,270
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	15,945	8,035	7,915	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	5,370	3,080	2,290	33.7	38.3	28.9
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	67,500	78,500	54,800	67,500	78,500	54,800
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	72,700	81,200	61,250	72,700	81,200	61,250
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	5,015	2,425	2,590	31.5	30.2	32.7
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	24,400	28,400	21,800	24,400	28,400	21,800
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	36,440	44,800	28,600	36,440	44,800	28,600
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	83.2	87.0	77.6	83.2	87.0	77.6
Employment income (%)¹⁹	72.2	76.6	65.8	72.2	76.6	65.8
Government transfers (%)²⁰	16.9	13.0	22.4	16.9	13.0	22.4
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.5	1.3	1.8	1.5	1.3	1.8
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	4.5	3.2	6.2	4.5	3.2	6.2
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	3.4	2.6	4.6	3.4	2.6	4.6
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	15,835	7,950	7,885	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without total income	435	175	260	2.7	2.2	3.3
With total income	15,395	7,775	7,625	97.2	97.8	96.7
Under $10,000 (including loss)	1,235	515	720	8.0	6.6	9.4
$10,000 to $19,999	1,655	700	955	10.8	9.0	12.5
$20,000 to $29,999	2,130	905	1,230	13.8	11.6	16.1
$30,000 to $39,999	1,900	840	1,065	12.3	10.8	14.0
$40,000 to $49,999	1,695	700	995	11.0	9.0	13.0
$50,000 to $59,999	1,460	665	790	9.5	8.6	10.4
$60,000 to $69,999	1,140	605	535	7.4	7.8	7.0
$70,000 to $79,999	900	520	380	5.8	6.7	5.0
$80,000 to $89,999	755	470	290	4.9	6.0	3.8
$90,000 to $99,999	605	400	200	3.9	5.1	2.6
$100,000 and over	1,925	1,460	460	12.5	18.8	6.0
$100,000 to $149,999	1,445	1,060	380	9.4	13.6	5.0
$150,000 and over	480	395	80	3.1	5.1	1.0
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	15,835	7,950	7,885	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without after-tax income	430	175	255	2.7	2.2	3.2
With after-tax income	15,405	7,780	7,630	97.3	97.9	96.8
Under $10,000 (including loss)	1,275	530	745	8.3	6.8	9.8
$10,000 to $19,999	1,700	720	975	11.0	9.3	12.8
$20,000 to $29,999	2,435	1,045	1,395	15.8	13.4	18.3
$30,000 to $39,999	2,190	935	1,255	14.2	12.0	16.4
$40,000 to $49,999	1,985	870	1,110	12.9	11.2	14.5
$50,000 to $59,999	1,565	810	750	10.2	10.4	9.8
$60,000 to $69,999	1,220	720	500	7.9	9.3	6.6
$70,000 to $79,999	920	580	345	6.0	7.5	4.5
$80,000 to $89,999	705	485	225	4.6	6.2	2.9
$90,000 to $99,999	485	360	125	3.1	4.6	1.6
$100,000 and over	925	720	200	6.0	9.3	2.6
$100,000 to $124,999	610	475	140	4.0	6.1	1.8
$125,000 and over	315	250	65	2.0	3.2	0.9
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	15,835	7,950	7,885	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without employment income	4,235	1,850	2,385	26.7	23.3	30.2
With employment income	11,605	6,100	5,500	73.3	76.7	69.8
Under $5,000 (including loss)	1,265	570	690	10.9	9.3	12.5
$5,000 to $9,999	735	305	435	6.3	5.0	7.9
$10,000 to $19,999	1,335	565	765	11.5	9.3	13.9
$20,000 to $29,999	1,060	470	590	9.1	7.7	10.7
$30,000 to $39,999	1,095	485	605	9.4	8.0	11.0
$40,000 to $49,999	1,020	425	600	8.8	7.0	10.9
$50,000 to $59,999	970	455	515	8.4	7.5	9.4
$60,000 to $69,999	790	435	350	6.8	7.1	6.4
$70,000 to $79,999	700	445	260	6.0	7.3	4.7
$80,000 to $89,999	610	410	200	5.3	6.7	3.6
$90,000 to $99,999	475	305	170	4.1	5.0	3.1
$100,000 and over	1,550	1,235	315	13.4	20.2	5.7
$100,000 to $124,999	860	645	210	7.4	10.6	3.8
$125,000 and over	695	585	105	6.0	9.6	1.9
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	15,835	7,950	7,885	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	15,060	7,575	7,480	95.1	95.3	94.9
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	42,000	52,400	35,600	42,000	52,400	35,600
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	15,095	7,585	7,515	95.3	95.4	95.3
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	37,600	45,600	32,400	37,600	45,600	32,400
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	13,630	6,990	6,640	86.1	87.9	84.2
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	39,600	50,800	31,600	39,600	50,800	31,600
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	11,870	6,170	5,695	75.0	77.6	72.2
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	41,200	53,600	32,800	41,200	53,600	32,800
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	10,165	4,525	5,640	64.2	56.9	71.5
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	7,750	7,650	7,800	7,750	7,650	7,800
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	1,540	795	745	9.7	10.0	9.4
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	5,480	5,160	5,520	5,480	5,160	5,520
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	15,945	8,030	7,915	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	15,150	7,620	7,530	95.0	94.9	95.1
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	51,800	61,100	42,400	51,800	61,100	42,400
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	15,200	7,620	7,575	95.3	94.9	95.7
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	43,960	51,040	36,800	43,960	51,040	36,800
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	13,785	7,050	6,735	86.5	87.8	85.1
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	49,840	59,700	39,520	49,840	59,700	39,520
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	11,945	6,195	5,750	74.9	77.1	72.6
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	50,320	60,600	39,200	50,320	60,600	39,200
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	10,195	4,495	5,700	63.9	56.0	72.0
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	9,590	9,940	9,320	9,590	9,940	9,320
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	1,485	740	740	9.3	9.2	9.3
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	7,220	6,620	7,820	7,220	6,620	7,820
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	15,945	8,035	7,915	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	5,335	3,055	2,275	33.5	38.0	28.7
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	62,800	74,000	50,800	62,800	74,000	50,800
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	68,300	78,000	55,150	68,300	78,000	55,150
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	4,765	2,305	2,460	29.9	28.7	31.1
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	30,800	37,600	26,800	30,800	37,600	26,800
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	41,240	50,240	32,840	41,240	50,240	32,840
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	87.6	90.4	83.4	87.6	90.4	83.4
Employment income (%)	76.6	80.6	70.6	76.6	80.6	70.6
Government transfers (%)	12.5	9.6	16.6	12.5	9.6	16.6
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.4	1.1	1.8	1.4	1.1	1.8
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	8,000	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	90,000	...	...	90,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	80,000	...	...	80,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	2,265	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	43,600	...	...	43,600	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	39,600	...	...	39,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	5,735	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	112,000	...	...	112,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	99,000	...	...	99,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	8,055	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	103,400	...	...	103,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	89,100	...	...	89,100	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	2,280	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	52,850	...	...	52,850	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	45,440	...	...	45,440	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	5,775	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	123,300	...	...	123,300	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	106,300	...	...	106,300	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	8,000	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	60	...	...	0.8	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	30	...	...	0.4	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	60	...	...	0.8	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	185	...	...	2.3	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	285	...	...	3.6	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	250	...	...	3.1	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	240	...	...	3.0	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	250	...	...	3.1	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	305	...	...	3.8	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	275	...	...	3.4	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	560	...	...	7.0	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	525	...	...	6.6	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	475	...	...	5.9	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	500	...	...	6.3	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	465	...	...	5.8	...	...
$100,000 and over	3,540	...	...	44.3	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	965	...	...	12.1	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	810	...	...	10.1	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	1,050	...	...	13.1	...	...
$200,000 and over	715	...	...	8.9	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	8,000	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	65	...	...	0.8	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	40	...	...	0.5	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	70	...	...	0.9	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	180	...	...	2.3	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	295	...	...	3.7	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	290	...	...	3.6	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	265	...	...	3.3	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	315	...	...	3.9	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	315	...	...	3.9	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	355	...	...	4.4	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	625	...	...	7.8	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	635	...	...	7.9	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	560	...	...	7.0	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	580	...	...	7.3	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	490	...	...	6.1	...	...
$100,000 and over	2,930	...	...	36.6	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,105	...	...	13.8	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	790	...	...	9.9	...	...
$150,000 and over	1,035	...	...	12.9	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	5,435	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	111,000	...	...	111,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	98,000	...	...	98,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.0	...	...	3.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	2,255	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	100,000	...	...	100,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	88,000	...	...	88,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	2,110	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	141,000	...	...	141,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	121,000	...	...	121,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	4.1	...	...	4.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	870	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	69,000	...	...	69,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	64,500	...	...	64,500	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.8	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	3,255	1,725	1,530	...	...	...
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	41,200	44,800	38,400	41,200	44,800	38,400
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	37,600	40,400	35,600	37,600	40,400	35,600
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	5,490	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	121,600	...	...	121,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	104,700	...	...	104,700	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	2,315	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	111,500	...	...	111,500	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	95,600	...	...	95,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	2,165	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	148,200	...	...	148,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	126,900	...	...	126,900	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	850	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	81,800	...	...	81,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	73,000	...	...	73,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	3,310	1,775	1,535	...	...	...
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	49,760	53,100	45,920	49,760	53,100	45,920
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	43,120	45,400	40,520	43,120	45,400	40,520
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	19,360	9,705	9,650	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	4,215	2,115	2,105	21.8	21.8	21.8
0 to 5 years	1,380	675	700	7.1	7.0	7.3
18 to 64 years	11,975	6,030	5,950	61.9	62.1	61.7
65 years and over	3,165	1,570	1,595	16.3	16.2	16.5
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	1,845	870	980	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	485	260	230	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	145	75	70	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	905	420	485	...	...	...
65 years and over	455	185	270	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	9.5	8.9	10.2	9.5	8.9	10.2
0 to 17 years (%)	11.5	12.2	10.7	11.5	12.2	10.7
0 to 5 years (%)	10.6	11.2	10.0	10.6	11.2	10.0
18 to 64 years (%)	7.6	7.0	8.2	7.6	7.0	8.2
65 years and over (%)	14.4	11.9	16.8	14.4	11.9	16.8
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	18,680	9,380	9,300	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	4,035	2,035	1,995	21.6	21.7	21.5
0 to 5 years	1,320	655	665	7.1	7.0	7.2
18 to 64 years	11,565	5,820	5,750	61.9	62.0	61.8
65 years and over	3,080	1,525	1,550	16.5	16.3	16.7
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	465	230	230	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	105	55	50	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	25	15	15	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	320	160	155	...	...	...
65 years and over	40	15	30	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	2.5	2.5	2.5	2.5	2.5	2.5
0 to 17 years (%)	2.6	2.7	2.5	2.6	2.7	2.5
0 to 5 years (%)	2.2	2.0	2.0	2.2	2.0	2.0
18 to 64 years (%)	2.7	2.8	2.7	2.7	2.8	2.7
65 years and over (%)	1.3	0.9	1.7	1.3	0.9	1.7
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	19,355	9,705	9,650	100.0	100.0	100.0
In bottom half of the distribution	8,995	4,330	4,660	46.5	44.6	48.3
In bottom decile	1,710	815	895	8.8	8.4	9.3
In second decile	1,840	870	970	9.5	9.0	10.1
In third decile	1,760	830	925	9.1	8.6	9.6
In fourth decile	1,725	835	900	8.9	8.6	9.3
In fifth decile	1,955	985	975	10.1	10.1	10.1
In top half of the distribution	10,365	5,375	4,990	53.6	55.4	51.7
In sixth decile	1,740	880	860	9.0	9.1	8.9
In seventh decile	2,075	1,075	1,000	10.7	11.1	10.4
In eighth decile	2,230	1,130	1,105	11.5	11.6	11.5
In ninth decile	2,370	1,250	1,115	12.2	12.9	11.6
In top decile	1,960	1,040	915	10.1	10.7	9.5
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	19,355	...	...	19,355	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.298	...	...	0.298	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.402	...	...	0.402	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.268	...	...	0.268	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.6	...	...	3.6	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	19,455	9,760	9,690	100.0	100.0	100.0
English only	18,175	9,160	9,010	93.4	93.9	93.0
French only	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
English and French	1,180	560	620	6.1	5.7	6.4
Neither English nor French	80	35	50	0.4	0.4	0.5
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	19,455	9,760	9,690	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	19,005	9,530	9,475	97.7	97.6	97.8
French	335	185	155	1.7	1.9	1.6
English and French	40	20	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Neither English nor French	80	35	50	0.4	0.4	0.5
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	19,455	9,760	9,690	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	18,945	9,520	9,425	97.4	97.5	97.3
Official languages	17,175	8,675	8,505	88.3	88.9	87.8
English	16,800	8,470	8,325	86.4	86.8	85.9
French	380	200	180	2.0	2.0	1.9
Non-official languages	1,770	845	925	9.1	8.7	9.5
Indigenous languages³⁹	110	55	55	0.6	0.6	0.6
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Northern Athabaskan languages	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	85	45	40	0.4	0.5	0.4
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	30	20	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
Nisga'a	45	25	25	0.2	0.3	0.3
Tsimshian	15	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Wakashan languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Haisla	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	1,665	790	875	8.6	8.1	9.0
Afro-Asiatic languages	40	20	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	40	20	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Amharic	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Arabic	30	20	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	160	55	100	0.8	0.6	1.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Cebuano	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	130	45	85	0.7	0.5	0.9
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	35	15	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Tamil	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Telugu	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	1,260	615	645	6.5	6.3	6.7
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	70	35	40	0.4	0.4	0.4
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	65	35	35	0.3	0.4	0.4
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.2
Russian	15	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Serbian	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	395	180	215	2.0	1.8	2.2
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	235	115	120	1.2	1.2	1.2
German	225	110	115	1.2	1.1	1.2
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	15	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	130	55	75	0.7	0.6	0.8
Afrikaans	55	25	30	0.3	0.3	0.3
Dutch	65	30	40	0.3	0.3	0.4
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	10	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Vlaams (Flemish)	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Scandinavian languages	25	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.2
Danish	15	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	15	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Swedish	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Indo-Iranian languages	450	250	195	2.3	2.6	2.0
Indo-Aryan languages	445	250	190	2.3	2.6	2.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	20	15	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Hindi	35	25	10	0.2	0.3	0.1
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	370	200	170	1.9	2.0	1.8
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	335	145	190	1.7	1.5	2.0
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	40	20	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Portuguese	240	105	135	1.2	1.1	1.4
Romanian	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Spanish	45	15	35	0.2	0.2	0.4
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	10	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Korean	60	25	30	0.3	0.3	0.3
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Akan (Twi)	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	40	20	25	0.2	0.2	0.3
Chinese languages	40	20	25	0.2	0.2	0.3
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	15	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	25	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.2
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	25	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	10	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Hungarian	15	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	510	240	265	2.6	2.5	2.7
English and French	115	55	65	0.6	0.6	0.7
English and non-official language(s)	360	170	185	1.9	1.7	1.9
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Multiple non-official languages	25	15	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	19,455	9,760	9,690	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	17,455	8,780	8,680	89.7	90.0	89.6
French	75	35	40	0.4	0.4	0.4
Non-official language	345	160	180	1.8	1.6	1.9
Indigenous³⁹	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Non-Indigenous	335	155	180	1.7	1.6	1.9
English and French	225	110	120	1.2	1.1	1.2
English and non-official language(s)	1,280	635	645	6.6	6.5	6.7
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	45	25	25	0.2	0.3	0.3
Multiple non-official languages	25	20	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	19,455	9,760	9,690	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	19,170	9,610	9,555	98.5	98.5	98.6
Official languages	18,435	9,245	9,185	94.8	94.7	94.8
English	18,330	9,195	9,130	94.2	94.2	94.2
French	105	50	55	0.5	0.5	0.6
Non-official languages	730	360	365	3.8	3.7	3.8
Indigenous languages³⁹	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	720	355	365	3.7	3.6	3.8
Afro-Asiatic languages	15	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	15	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	15	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	15	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	15	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	70	35	35	0.4	0.4	0.4
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	50	30	20	0.3	0.3	0.2
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	25	15	15	0.1	0.2	0.2
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Tamil	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Telugu	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	510	260	255	2.6	2.7	2.6
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	15	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	15	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	75	30	45	0.4	0.3	0.5
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	30	15	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
German	30	15	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	40	20	25	0.2	0.2	0.3
Afrikaans	35	15	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Dutch	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Indo-Iranian languages	305	170	135	1.6	1.7	1.4
Indo-Aryan languages	305	170	135	1.6	1.7	1.4
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	15	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Hindi	20	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	265	150	115	1.4	1.5	1.2
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	115	45	70	0.6	0.5	0.7
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	10	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Portuguese	75	25	50	0.4	0.3	0.5
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	45	20	25	0.2	0.2	0.3
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	35	15	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Chinese languages	35	15	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	15	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	285	150	135	1.5	1.5	1.4
English and French	35	20	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
English and non-official language(s)	220	110	110	1.1	1.1	1.1
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	25	20	5	0.1	0.2	0.1
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	19,455	9,760	9,690	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	18,105	9,090	9,010	93.1	93.1	93.0
English	355	185	165	1.8	1.9	1.7
French	170	85	85	0.9	0.9	0.9
Non-official language	685	330	355	3.5	3.4	3.7
Indigenous³⁹	140	70	70	0.7	0.7	0.7
Non-Indigenous	550	265	285	2.8	2.7	2.9
English and French	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	50	25	30	0.3	0.3	0.3
French and non-official language(s)	25	5	20	0.1	0.1	0.2
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	55	30	30	0.3	0.3	0.3
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	19,515	9,810	9,700	100.0	100.0	100.0
Official languages	19,460	9,795	9,665	99.7	99.8	99.6
English	19,460	9,795	9,665	99.7	99.8	99.6
French	1,185	535	650	6.1	5.5	6.7
Non-official languages	2,650	1,330	1,320	13.6	13.6	13.6
Indigenous languages³⁹	455	220	230	2.3	2.2	2.4
Algonquian languages	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	50	35	15	0.3	0.4	0.2
Northern Athabaskan languages	50	35	15	0.3	0.4	0.2
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	30	20	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	30	20	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	390	200	200	2.0	2.0	2.1
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	65	30	25	0.3	0.3	0.3
Nisga'a	205	110	95	1.1	1.1	1.0
Tsimshian	145	60	85	0.7	0.6	0.9
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	2,205	1,115	1,090	11.3	11.4	11.2
Afro-Asiatic languages	30	20	0	0.2	0.2	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	25	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	25	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	20	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	20	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	175	70	110	0.9	0.7	1.1
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	30	15	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	150	55	100	0.8	0.6	1.0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	30	15	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Tamil	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Telugu	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	1,700	900	800	8.7	9.2	8.2
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	110	50	55	0.6	0.5	0.6
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	105	45	55	0.5	0.5	0.6
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	40	25	20	0.2	0.3	0.2
Russian	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	25	15	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	15	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Serbian	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Ukrainian	20	15	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	500	235	270	2.6	2.4	2.8
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	325	160	170	1.7	1.6	1.8
German	325	160	170	1.7	1.6	1.8
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	155	80	75	0.8	0.8	0.8
Afrikaans	75	45	30	0.4	0.5	0.3
Dutch	80	40	40	0.4	0.4	0.4
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	40	10	30	0.2	0.1	0.3
Danish	30	10	20	0.2	0.1	0.2
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	605	360	245	3.1	3.7	2.5
Indo-Aryan languages	600	360	235	3.1	3.7	2.4
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	35	15	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Hindi	275	190	85	1.4	1.9	0.9
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	475	280	190	2.4	2.9	2.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Urdu	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.2
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	540	275	265	2.8	2.8	2.7
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	90	50	40	0.5	0.5	0.4
Portuguese	260	135	130	1.3	1.4	1.3
Romanian	25	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Spanish	185	90	95	0.9	0.9	1.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
Korean	80	40	35	0.4	0.4	0.4
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	55	10	50	0.3	0.1	0.5
American Sign Language	45	10	35	0.2	0.1	0.4
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
Sino-Tibetan languages	95	30	70	0.5	0.3	0.7
Chinese languages	95	30	70	0.5	0.3	0.7
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	65	15	50	0.3	0.2	0.5
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	25	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.2
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	55	15	40	0.3	0.2	0.4
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	50	30	25	0.3	0.3	0.3
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	25	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Hungarian	25	15	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	19,515	9,815	9,700	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	4,940	2,315	2,625	25.3	23.6	27.1
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	4,880	2,300	2,580	25.0	23.4	26.6
First Nations (North American Indian)	4,030	1,880	2,145	20.7	19.2	22.1
Métis	815	395	420	4.2	4.0	4.3
Inuk (Inuit)	30	20	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	50	10	35	0.3	0.1	0.4
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	20	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Non-Indigenous identity	14,575	7,500	7,075	74.7	76.4	72.9
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	19,515	9,815	9,700	100.0	100.0	100.0
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	3,030	1,415	1,620	15.5	14.4	16.7
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	16,480	8,395	8,085	84.4	85.5	83.4
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	8,055	...	...	100.0	...	...
Owner	5,905	...	...	73.3	...	...
Renter	1,995	...	...	24.8	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	160	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	8,055	...	...	100.0	...	...
Condominium	555	...	...	6.9	...	...
Not condominium	7,500	...	...	93.1	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	8,055	...	...	100.0	...	...
No bedrooms	65	...	...	0.8	...	...
1 bedroom	645	...	...	8.0	...	...
2 bedrooms	2,080	...	...	25.8	...	...
3 bedrooms	2,655	...	...	33.0	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	2,610	...	...	32.4	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	8,055	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	1,965	...	...	24.4	...	...
5 rooms	1,405	...	...	17.4	...	...
6 rooms	1,085	...	...	13.5	...	...
7 rooms	1,025	...	...	12.7	...	...
8 or more rooms	2,580	...	...	32.0	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.5	...	...	6.5	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	8,055	...	...	100.0	...	...
One person or fewer per room	7,910	...	...	98.2	...	...
More than one person per room	145	...	...	1.8	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	8,055	...	...	100.0	...	...
Suitable	7,680	...	...	95.3	...	...
Not suitable	375	...	...	4.7	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	8,055	...	...	100.0	...	...
1960 or before	900	...	...	11.2	...	...
1961 to 1980	3,565	...	...	44.3	...	...
1981 to 1990	1,135	...	...	14.1	...	...
1991 to 2000	1,240	...	...	15.4	...	...
2001 to 2005	170	...	...	2.1	...	...
2006 to 2010	295	...	...	3.7	...	...
2011 to 2015	305	...	...	3.8	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	440	...	...	5.5	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	8,055	...	...	100.0	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	7,230	...	...	89.8	...	...
Major repairs needed	820	...	...	10.2	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	8,055	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-maintainer household	4,010	...	...	49.8	...	...
Two-maintainer household	3,640	...	...	45.2	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	405	...	...	5.0	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	8,055	...	...	100.0	...	...
15 to 24 years	230	...	...	2.9	...	...
25 to 34 years	1,385	...	...	17.2	...	...
35 to 44 years	1,305	...	...	16.2	...	...
45 to 54 years	1,385	...	...	17.2	...	...
55 to 64 years	1,645	...	...	20.4	...	...
65 to 74 years	1,285	...	...	16.0	...	...
75 to 84 years	660	...	...	8.2	...	...
85 years and over	160	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	7,785	...	...	100.0	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	6,660	...	...	85.5	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	1,130	...	...	14.5	...	...
30% to less than 100%	1,010	...	...	13.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	8,055	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	2,100	...	...	26.1	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	970	...	...	12.0	...	...
Not suitable only	280	...	...	3.5	...	...
Major repairs needed only	630	...	...	7.8	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	30	...	...	0.4	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	125	...	...	1.6	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	60	...	...	0.7	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Acceptable housing	5,960	...	...	74.0	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	7,670	...	...	100.0	...	...
In core need	630	...	...	8.2	...	...
Not in core need	7,035	...	...	91.7	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	5,815	...	...	...	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	60.0	...	...	60.0	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	10.9	...	...	10.9	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	5.6	...	...	5.6	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,110	...	...	1,110	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,263	...	...	1,263	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	400,000	...	...	400,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	428,000	...	...	428,000	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	1,990	...	...	...	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	18.1	...	...	18.1	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	25.1	...	...	25.1	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	16.2	...	...	16.2	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	990	...	...	990	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,065	...	...	1,065	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	155	...	...	...	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	6.5	...	...	6.5	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	608	...	...	608	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	560	...	...	560	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	19,515	9,810	9,705	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	2,860	1,355	1,500	14.7	13.8	15.5
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	2,815	1,345	1,470	14.4	13.7	15.1
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	2,560	1,205	1,360	13.1	12.3	14.0
Métis single ancestry	235	130	105	1.2	1.3	1.1
Inuit single ancestry	20	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	40	10	30	0.2	0.1	0.3
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	40	10	30	0.2	0.1	0.3
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	2,180	1,005	1,170	11.2	10.2	12.1
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	2,095	975	1,120	10.7	9.9	11.5
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	1,715	800	920	8.8	8.2	9.5
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	380	175	205	1.9	1.8	2.1
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	80	30	50	0.4	0.3	0.5
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	80	30	50	0.4	0.3	0.5
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	14,485	7,445	7,035	74.2	75.9	72.5
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	19,510	9,810	9,705	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	18,675	9,340	9,335	95.7	95.2	96.2
Canadian citizens aged under 18	4,215	2,115	2,095	21.6	21.6	21.6
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	14,460	7,220	7,245	74.1	73.6	74.7
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	840	470	365	4.3	4.8	3.8
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	19,510	9,810	9,705	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	17,435	8,750	8,690	89.4	89.2	89.5
Immigrants⁸¹	1,640	775	860	8.4	7.9	8.9
Before 1980	825	405	415	4.2	4.1	4.3
1980 to 1990	180	90	95	0.9	0.9	1.0
1991 to 2000	185	70	110	0.9	0.7	1.1
2001 to 2010	145	70	75	0.7	0.7	0.8
2011 to 2021⁸²	310	140	170	1.6	1.4	1.8
2011 to 2015	130	80	55	0.7	0.8	0.6
2016 to 2021	180	60	120	0.9	0.6	1.2
Non-permanent residents⁸³	440	285	150	2.3	2.9	1.5
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	1,635	775	865	100.0	100.0	100.0
Under 5 years	195	105	90	11.9	13.5	10.4
5 to 14 years	340	185	155	20.8	23.9	17.9
15 to 24 years	410	170	240	25.1	21.9	27.7
25 to 44 years	595	260	340	36.4	33.5	39.3
45 years and over	95	50	45	5.8	6.5	5.2
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	1,635	775	865	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	205	75	135	12.5	9.7	15.6
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
El Salvador	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyana	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	20	0	15	1.2	0.0	1.7
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	155	55	105	9.5	7.1	12.1
Other places of birth in Americas	15	0	10	0.9	0.0	1.2
Europe	830	420	410	50.8	54.2	47.4
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	15	0	10	0.9	0.0	1.2
Germany	135	70	60	8.3	9.0	6.9
Greece	10	10	0	0.6	1.3	0.0
Hungary	20	10	10	1.2	1.3	1.2
Italy	40	20	25	2.4	2.6	2.9
Netherlands	70	30	45	4.3	3.9	5.2
Poland	25	20	10	1.5	2.6	1.2
Portugal	120	65	60	7.3	8.4	6.9
Romania	20	10	10	1.2	1.3	1.2
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	15	10	0	0.9	1.3	0.0
Ukraine	10	0	10	0.6	0.0	1.2
United Kingdom⁸⁷	210	115	100	12.8	14.8	11.6
Other places of birth in Europe	120	60	60	7.3	7.7	6.9
Africa	85	50	35	5.2	6.5	4.0
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	10	10	10	0.6	1.3	1.2
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	50	30	25	3.1	3.9	2.9
Other places of birth in Africa	15	10	0	0.9	1.3	0.0
Asia	475	215	260	29.1	27.7	30.1
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	40	15	25	2.4	1.9	2.9
Hong Kong⁹¹	20	10	10	1.2	1.3	1.2
Korea, South⁹²	30	15	15	1.8	1.9	1.7
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	125	35	85	7.6	4.5	9.8
Viet Nam	25	20	0	1.5	2.6	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	195	95	95	11.9	12.3	11.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	10	10	0	0.6	1.3	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	25	0	20	1.5	0.0	2.3
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	45	20	25	2.8	2.6	2.9
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	175	60	115	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	30	0	30	17.1	0.0	26.1
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	20	0	20	11.4	0.0	17.4
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Europe	20	0	10	11.4	0.0	8.7
France	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asia	115	50	60	65.7	83.3	52.2
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	10	0	10	5.7	0.0	8.7
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	20	15	0	11.4	25.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	60	25	40	34.3	41.7	34.8
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania and other⁹³	10	0	10	5.7	0.0	8.7
Australia	10	0	10	5.7	0.0	8.7
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	19,515	9,815	9,700	100.0	100.0	100.0
First generation¹⁰⁰	2,235	1,145	1,090	11.5	11.7	11.2
Second generation¹⁰¹	2,950	1,390	1,570	15.1	14.2	16.2
Third generation or more¹⁰²	14,325	7,280	7,040	73.4	74.2	72.6
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	815	365	445	100.0	100.0	100.0
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	420	225	200	51.5	61.6	44.9
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	205	125	75	25.2	34.2	16.9
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	215	95	125	26.4	26.0	28.1
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	360	125	230	44.2	34.2	51.7
Refugees¹⁰⁸	30	15	15	3.7	4.1	3.4
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	815	365	445	100.0	100.0	100.0
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	265	135	130	32.5	37.0	29.2
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	20	0	10	2.5	0.0	2.2
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	15	0	10	1.8	0.0	2.2
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	15	0	10	1.8	0.0	2.2
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	490	205	285	60.1	56.2	64.0
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	19,515	9,815	9,700	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	1,440	760	675	7.4	7.7	7.0
South Asian	720	440	285	3.7	4.5	2.9
Chinese	120	45	75	0.6	0.5	0.8
Black	75	30	45	0.4	0.3	0.5
Filipino	215	85	130	1.1	0.9	1.3
Arab	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Latin American	45	10	35	0.2	0.1	0.4
Southeast Asian	40	25	15	0.2	0.3	0.2
West Asian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	90	45	40	0.5	0.5	0.4
Japanese	95	55	40	0.5	0.6	0.4
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple visible minorities	20	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	18,075	9,050	9,030	92.6	92.2	93.1
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	19,510	9,810	9,705	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian	2,595	1,330	1,265	13.3	13.6	13.0
English	4,450	2,215	2,230	22.8	22.6	23.0
Irish	2,965	1,435	1,530	15.2	14.6	15.8
Scottish	3,725	1,905	1,815	19.1	19.4	18.7
French, n.o.s.¹²²	1,770	880	890	9.1	9.0	9.2
German	3,035	1,470	1,565	15.6	15.0	16.1
Chinese	155	65	90	0.8	0.7	0.9
Italian	610	295	310	3.1	3.0	3.2
Indian (India)	535	295	240	2.7	3.0	2.5
Ukrainian	900	405	490	4.6	4.1	5.0
Dutch	1,205	615	590	6.2	6.3	6.1
Polish	585	280	305	3.0	2.9	3.1
Québécois	30	15	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	615	330	285	3.2	3.4	2.9
Filipino	230	90	135	1.2	0.9	1.4
French Canadian	265	135	130	1.4	1.4	1.3
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	435	190	245	2.2	1.9	2.5
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	1,335	605	725	6.8	6.2	7.5
Métis	735	345	390	3.8	3.5	4.0
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	540	275	265	2.8	2.8	2.7
Russian	350	165	185	1.8	1.7	1.9
Norwegian	1,060	520	540	5.4	5.3	5.6
Welsh	370	175	190	1.9	1.8	2.0
Portuguese	630	340	290	3.2	3.5	3.0
American	330	170	155	1.7	1.7	1.6
Spanish	115	55	60	0.6	0.6	0.6
Swedish	465	230	240	2.4	2.3	2.5
Hungarian	145	75	75	0.7	0.8	0.8
Acadian	60	35	20	0.3	0.4	0.2
Pakistani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	60	30	30	0.3	0.3	0.3
Jewish	35	10	20	0.2	0.1	0.2
Punjabi	75	75	0	0.4	0.8	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	25	25	0	0.1	0.3	0.0
Greek	55	30	30	0.3	0.3	0.3
Jamaican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	230	90	140	1.2	0.9	1.4
Korean	90	50	45	0.5	0.5	0.5
Romanian	110	60	50	0.6	0.6	0.5
Lebanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	65	30	35	0.3	0.3	0.4
Danish	255	105	145	1.3	1.1	1.5
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	250	115	135	1.3	1.2	1.4
Sikh	110	85	25	0.6	0.9	0.3
Austrian	195	105	90	1.0	1.1	0.9
Belgian	40	10	30	0.2	0.1	0.3
Haitian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindu	70	55	25	0.4	0.6	0.3
Mexican	45	15	30	0.2	0.2	0.3
Mennonite	90	40	45	0.5	0.4	0.5
Swiss	195	105	90	1.0	1.1	0.9
Finnish	130	65	70	0.7	0.7	0.7
Sri Lankan	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Croatian	50	25	25	0.3	0.3	0.3
Japanese	95	65	35	0.5	0.7	0.4
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	75	40	40	0.4	0.4	0.4
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	160	95	70	0.8	1.0	0.7
Muslim	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egyptian	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	70	55	15	0.4	0.6	0.2
Colombian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moroccan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	70	30	35	0.4	0.3	0.4
Syrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyanese	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Afghan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway	35	10	20	0.2	0.1	0.2
Newfoundlander	40	25	20	0.2	0.3	0.2
Hong Konger	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	20	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Slovak	70	40	35	0.4	0.4	0.4
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	30	15	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquin	25	15	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	35	10	20	0.2	0.1	0.2
South African	45	25	20	0.2	0.3	0.2
Australian	55	20	30	0.3	0.2	0.3
Palestinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chilean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congolese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nova Scotian	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peruvian	25	15	15	0.1	0.2	0.2
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovenian	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	30	20	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
New Brunswicker	25	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Gujarati	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Eritrean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Canadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israeli	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	20	20	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albertan	30	25	10	0.2	0.3	0.1
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Barbadian	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
African American	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Tunisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Laotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Irish	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
British Columbian	90	50	45	0.5	0.5	0.5
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Jatt	70	65	0	0.4	0.7	0.0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dominican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Abenaki	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	15	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
New Zealander	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Sudanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Breton	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plains Cree	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gaspesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norman	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Manitoban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Honduran	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cherokee	55	35	15	0.3	0.4	0.2
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Flemish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Empire Loyalist	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Goan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamileke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Libyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Basque	25	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igorot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guinean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maliseet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Beninese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Roma	20	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Singaporean	20	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tajik	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amhara	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	19,515	9,815	9,700	100.0	100.0	100.0
Buddhist	65	25	40	0.3	0.3	0.4
Christian	6,925	3,210	3,710	35.5	32.7	38.2
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	1,875	850	1,025	9.6	8.7	10.6
Anabaptist	20	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
Anglican	555	240	320	2.8	2.4	3.3
Baptist	260	140	120	1.3	1.4	1.2
Catholic	2,105	1,025	1,075	10.8	10.4	11.1
Christian Orthodox	30	25	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
Jehovah's Witness	105	50	55	0.5	0.5	0.6
Latter Day Saints	45	20	25	0.2	0.2	0.3
Lutheran	120	50	65	0.6	0.5	0.7
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	90	40	50	0.5	0.4	0.5
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	365	170	200	1.9	1.7	2.1
Presbyterian	50	20	30	0.3	0.2	0.3
Reformed	180	90	90	0.9	0.9	0.9
United Church	570	215	355	2.9	2.2	3.7
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	555	275	285	2.8	2.8	2.9
Hindu	145	85	55	0.7	0.9	0.6
Jewish	50	10	35	0.3	0.1	0.4
Muslim	45	25	25	0.2	0.3	0.3
Sikh	390	245	150	2.0	2.5	1.5
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	95	50	50	0.5	0.5	0.5
Other religions and spiritual traditions	230	105	125	1.2	1.1	1.3
No religion and secular perspectives	11,580	6,060	5,525	59.3	61.7	57.0
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	19,260	9,665	9,590	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	16,775	8,455	8,320	87.1	87.5	86.8
Movers	2,480	1,215	1,270	12.9	12.6	13.2
Non-migrants	1,630	785	845	8.5	8.1	8.8
Migrants	850	430	425	4.4	4.4	4.4
Internal migrants	750	385	365	3.9	4.0	3.8
Intraprovincial migrants	515	265	250	2.7	2.7	2.6
Interprovincial migrants	235	120	120	1.2	1.2	1.3
External migrants	105	45	60	0.5	0.5	0.6
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	18,360	9,205	9,155	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	10,655	5,340	5,315	58.0	58.0	58.1
Movers	7,705	3,865	3,835	42.0	42.0	41.9
Non-migrants	2,810	1,415	1,395	15.3	15.4	15.2
Migrants	4,900	2,450	2,440	26.7	26.6	26.7
Internal migrants	4,405	2,160	2,245	24.0	23.5	24.5
Intraprovincial migrants	3,595	1,790	1,800	19.6	19.4	19.7
Interprovincial migrants	810	370	445	4.4	4.0	4.9
External migrants	490	290	205	2.7	3.2	2.2
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	15,945	8,030	7,915	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	3,360	1,895	1,460	21.1	23.6	18.4
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	12,585	6,135	6,455	78.9	76.4	81.6
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	10,585	5,280	5,305	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	1,535	880	660	14.5	16.7	12.4
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	9,045	4,400	4,645	85.5	83.3	87.6
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	15,945	8,030	7,915	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	2,805	1,495	1,315	17.6	18.6	16.6
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	4,900	2,265	2,635	30.7	28.2	33.3
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	8,235	4,275	3,965	51.6	53.2	50.1
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	5,595	3,210	2,385	35.1	40.0	30.1
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	2,035	1,690	350	12.8	21.0	4.4
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	735	515	220	4.6	6.4	2.8
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	1,305	1,170	135	8.2	14.6	1.7
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	3,075	1,295	1,780	19.3	16.1	22.5
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	485	230	250	3.0	2.9	3.2
Bachelor's degree or higher	2,640	1,065	1,585	16.6	13.3	20.0
Bachelor's degree	1,745	670	1,075	10.9	8.3	13.6
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	180	80	95	1.1	1.0	1.2
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	130	75	60	0.8	0.9	0.8
Master's degree	520	210	305	3.3	2.6	3.9
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	75	30	45	0.5	0.4	0.6
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	10,585	5,280	5,305	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	1,225	650	575	11.6	12.3	10.8
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	3,110	1,510	1,595	29.4	28.6	30.1
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	6,250	3,120	3,130	59.0	59.1	59.0
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	4,055	2,285	1,775	38.3	43.3	33.5
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	1,420	1,200	220	13.4	22.7	4.1
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	505	370	135	4.8	7.0	2.5
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	915	830	85	8.6	15.7	1.6
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	2,290	940	1,355	21.6	17.8	25.5
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	345	150	200	3.3	2.8	3.8
Bachelor's degree or higher	2,195	840	1,360	20.7	15.9	25.6
Bachelor's degree	1,450	535	910	13.7	10.1	17.2
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	155	70	85	1.5	1.3	1.6
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	100	55	50	0.9	1.0	0.9
Master's degree	430	170	260	4.1	3.2	4.9
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	55	10	45	0.5	0.2	0.8
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	15,945	8,030	7,915	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	7,705	3,755	3,950	48.3	46.8	49.9
Education	630	150	480	4.0	1.9	6.1
13. Education	630	150	480	4.0	1.9	6.1
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	125	65	65	0.8	0.8	0.8
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
50. Visual and performing arts	120	60	60	0.8	0.7	0.8
Humanities	345	205	145	2.2	2.6	1.8
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	20	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.3
23. English language and literature/letters	35	10	20	0.2	0.1	0.3
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	150	90	60	0.9	1.1	0.8
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	15	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
39. Theology and religious vocations	80	65	25	0.5	0.8	0.3
54. History	40	15	15	0.3	0.2	0.2
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	595	135	460	3.7	1.7	5.8
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	30	0	25	0.2	0.0	0.3
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	25	10	20	0.2	0.1	0.3
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	170	0	170	1.1	0.0	2.1
22. Legal professions and studies	60	20	40	0.4	0.2	0.5
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
42. Psychology	130	40	90	0.8	0.5	1.1
45. Social sciences	155	55	100	1.0	0.7	1.3
Business, management and public administration	1,465	500	960	9.2	6.2	12.1
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	255	55	195	1.6	0.7	2.5
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	1,210	440	770	7.6	5.5	9.7
Physical and life sciences and technologies	260	130	130	1.6	1.6	1.6
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	130	55	75	0.8	0.7	0.9
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	70	45	30	0.4	0.6	0.4
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
40. Physical sciences	45	25	20	0.3	0.3	0.3
41. Science technologies/technicians	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	135	80	50	0.8	1.0	0.6
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	100	65	40	0.6	0.8	0.5
25. Library science	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
27. Mathematics and statistics	20	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	2,230	2,095	145	14.0	26.1	1.8
04. Architecture and related services	20	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
14. Engineering	120	105	15	0.8	1.3	0.2
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	375	340	35	2.4	4.2	0.4
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	675	655	25	4.2	8.2	0.3
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	755	730	30	4.7	9.1	0.4
48. Precision production	285	255	30	1.8	3.2	0.4
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	460	310	145	2.9	3.9	1.8
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	55	15	40	0.3	0.2	0.5
03. Natural resources and conservation	405	295	110	2.5	3.7	1.4
Health and related fields	1,385	230	1,150	8.7	2.9	14.5
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	60	20	35	0.4	0.2	0.4
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	1,290	195	1,095	8.1	2.4	13.8
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	30	15	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Personal, protective and transportation services	600	370	235	3.8	4.6	3.0
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	365	155	210	2.3	1.9	2.7
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	90	80	10	0.6	1.0	0.1
49. Transportation and materials moving	140	135	10	0.9	1.7	0.1
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	10,580	5,280	5,305	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	4,335	2,160	2,175	41.0	40.9	41.0
Education	490	95	395	4.6	1.8	7.4
13. Education	490	95	395	4.6	1.8	7.4
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	80	40	45	0.8	0.8	0.8
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
50. Visual and performing arts	80	40	45	0.8	0.8	0.8
Humanities	220	125	100	2.1	2.4	1.9
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
23. English language and literature/letters	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	85	45	40	0.8	0.9	0.8
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	15	15	0	0.1	0.3	0.0
39. Theology and religious vocations	50	45	10	0.5	0.9	0.2
54. History	25	10	20	0.2	0.2	0.4
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	540	115	425	5.1	2.2	8.0
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	30	0	25	0.3	0.0	0.5
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	25	10	20	0.2	0.2	0.4
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	155	0	155	1.5	0.0	2.9
22. Legal professions and studies	55	15	40	0.5	0.3	0.8
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
42. Psychology	115	30	80	1.1	0.6	1.5
45. Social sciences	145	50	100	1.4	0.9	1.9
Business, management and public administration	1,195	420	780	11.3	8.0	14.7
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	205	40	165	1.9	0.8	3.1
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	985	370	610	9.3	7.0	11.5
Physical and life sciences and technologies	195	80	115	1.8	1.5	2.2
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	115	45	70	1.1	0.9	1.3
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	40	15	15	0.4	0.3	0.3
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
40. Physical sciences	40	20	20	0.4	0.4	0.4
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	115	70	45	1.1	1.3	0.8
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	85	55	30	0.8	1.0	0.6
25. Library science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
27. Mathematics and statistics	20	20	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	1,580	1,475	110	14.9	27.9	2.1
04. Architecture and related services	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
14. Engineering	100	85	15	0.9	1.6	0.3
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	255	220	30	2.4	4.2	0.6
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	495	475	20	4.7	9.0	0.4
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	525	515	10	5.0	9.8	0.2
48. Precision production	185	165	20	1.7	3.1	0.4
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	365	245	125	3.4	4.6	2.4
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	30	0	25	0.3	0.0	0.5
03. Natural resources and conservation	335	240	95	3.2	4.5	1.8
Health and related fields	990	170	820	9.4	3.2	15.5
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	35	15	20	0.3	0.3	0.4
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	930	145	780	8.8	2.7	14.7
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	25	10	15	0.2	0.2	0.3
Personal, protective and transportation services	475	290	180	4.5	5.5	3.4
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	285	130	155	2.7	2.5	2.9
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	75	60	15	0.7	1.1	0.3
49. Transportation and materials moving	110	100	10	1.0	1.9	0.2
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	10,580	5,280	5,305	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	4,335	2,160	2,175	41.0	40.9	41.0
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	6,250	3,125	3,130	59.1	59.2	59.0
Location of study inside Canada	5,635	2,820	2,810	53.3	53.4	53.0
Same as province or territory of residence	4,485	2,255	2,235	42.4	42.7	42.1
Different than province or territory of residence	1,145	570	580	10.8	10.8	10.9
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	620	295	320	5.9	5.6	6.0
Americas	155	80	75	1.5	1.5	1.4
United States of America	135	75	60	1.3	1.4	1.1
Mexico	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Cuba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Americas	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Europe	120	70	55	1.1	1.3	1.0
Belgium	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germany	35	20	15	0.3	0.4	0.3
Netherlands	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Switzerland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	10	10	10	0.1	0.2	0.2
Romania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	35	20	10	0.3	0.4	0.2
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Europe	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Africa	80	40	35	0.8	0.8	0.7
Nigeria	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	60	25	30	0.6	0.5	0.6
Other locations of study in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asia	245	105	140	2.3	2.0	2.6
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	25	10	15	0.2	0.2	0.3
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	25	10	15	0.2	0.2	0.3
Philippines	65	25	40	0.6	0.5	0.8
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	105	50	55	1.0	0.9	1.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Asia	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Oceania	20	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.3
Australia	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
New Zealand	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	15,945	8,030	7,915	...	...	...
In the labour force	10,745	5,705	5,030	...	...	...
Employed	9,880	5,230	4,650	...	...	...
Unemployed	865	480	385	...	...	...
Not in the labour force	5,200	2,325	2,880	...	...	...
Participation rate	67.4	71.0	63.6	67.4	71.0	63.6
Employment rate	62.0	65.1	58.7	62.0	65.1	58.7
Unemployment rate	8.1	8.4	7.7	8.1	8.4	7.7
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	15,945	8,030	7,915	100.0	100.0	100.0
Did not work¹⁸⁶	5,085	2,265	2,820	31.9	28.2	35.6
Worked	10,865	5,770	5,090	68.1	71.9	64.3
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	5,505	3,140	2,365	34.5	39.1	29.9
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	5,355	2,630	2,730	33.6	32.8	34.5
Average weeks worked in reference year	41.1	41.5	40.7	41.1	41.5	40.7
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	10,740	5,710	5,035	100.0	100.0	100.0
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	170	100	65	1.6	1.8	1.3
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	10,575	5,605	4,965	98.5	98.2	98.6
Employee	9,265	4,875	4,395	86.3	85.4	87.3
Permanent position	7,790	4,180	3,610	72.5	73.2	71.7
Temporary position	1,470	690	780	13.7	12.1	15.5
Fixed term (1 year or more)	410	180	235	3.8	3.2	4.7
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	1,065	515	550	9.9	9.0	10.9
Self-employed¹⁹²	1,310	735	575	12.2	12.9	11.4
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	10,740	5,710	5,035	100.0	100.0	100.0
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	170	100	65	1.6	1.8	1.3
All occupations¹⁹¹	10,575	5,605	4,965	98.5	98.2	98.6
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	75	50	20	0.7	0.9	0.4
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	1,470	365	1,100	13.7	6.4	21.8
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	600	465	140	5.6	8.1	2.8
3 Health occupations	945	155	780	8.8	2.7	15.5
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	1,535	495	1,040	14.3	8.7	20.7
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	195	55	140	1.8	1.0	2.8
6 Sales and service occupations	2,530	1,080	1,450	23.6	18.9	28.8
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	2,530	2,350	185	23.6	41.2	3.7
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	315	240	75	2.9	4.2	1.5
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	380	350	35	3.5	6.1	0.7
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	10,740	5,710	5,035	100.0	100.0	100.0
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	170	100	65	1.6	1.8	1.3
All industries¹⁹¹	10,575	5,605	4,965	98.5	98.2	98.6
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	385	290	95	3.6	5.1	1.9
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	180	140	40	1.7	2.5	0.8
22 Utilities	120	90	30	1.1	1.6	0.6
23 Construction	1,150	975	175	10.7	17.1	3.5
31-33 Manufacturing	560	465	90	5.2	8.1	1.8
41 Wholesale trade	300	230	70	2.8	4.0	1.4
44-45 Retail trade	1,355	675	680	12.6	11.8	13.5
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	650	500	150	6.1	8.8	3.0
51 Information and cultural industries	130	75	60	1.2	1.3	1.2
52 Finance and insurance	240	70	170	2.2	1.2	3.4
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	155	80	75	1.4	1.4	1.5
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	565	310	250	5.3	5.4	5.0
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	350	215	140	3.3	3.8	2.8
61 Educational services	860	270	585	8.0	4.7	11.6
62 Health care and social assistance	1,740	335	1,410	16.2	5.9	28.0
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	145	60	85	1.4	1.1	1.7
72 Accommodation and food services	625	270	360	5.8	4.7	7.1
81 Other services (except public administration)	420	215	210	3.9	3.8	4.2
91 Public administration	640	340	300	6.0	6.0	6.0
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	11,600	6,120	5,475	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	11,435	6,055	5,380	98.6	98.9	98.3
French	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Non-official language	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and French	75	30	45	0.6	0.5	0.8
English and non-official language(s)	65	25	40	0.6	0.4	0.7
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	11,600	6,120	5,475	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	11,585	6,110	5,470	99.9	99.8	99.9
Official languages	11,570	6,100	5,470	99.7	99.7	99.9
English	11,535	6,095	5,435	99.4	99.6	99.3
French	35	0	30	0.3	0.0	0.5
Non-official languages	20	20	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	15	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	11,600	6,120	5,475	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	11,470	6,070	5,400	98.9	99.2	98.6
English	35	10	20	0.3	0.2	0.4
French	45	25	20	0.4	0.4	0.4
Non-official language	55	20	35	0.5	0.3	0.6
Indigenous³⁹	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.3
Non-Indigenous	40	20	20	0.3	0.3	0.4
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	9,880	5,230	4,650	100.0	100.0	100.0
Worked at home	1,020	425	590	10.3	8.1	12.7
Worked outside Canada	15	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.2
No fixed workplace address	1,550	1,205	345	15.7	23.0	7.4
Usual place of work	7,295	3,595	3,700	73.8	68.7	79.6
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	7,295	3,595	3,700	100.0	100.0	100.0
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	4,030	1,850	2,175	55.2	51.5	58.8
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	2,685	1,390	1,295	36.8	38.7	35.0
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	555	330	225	7.6	9.2	6.1
Commute to a different province or territory	35	20	10	0.5	0.6	0.3
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	8,850	4,800	4,050	100.0	100.0	100.0
Car, truck or van	7,950	4,335	3,610	89.8	90.3	89.1
Car, truck or van - as a driver	7,265	3,960	3,305	82.1	82.5	81.6
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	680	370	310	7.7	7.7	7.7
Public transit	195	140	55	2.2	2.9	1.4
Walked	505	205	300	5.7	4.3	7.4
Bicycle	100	55	45	1.1	1.1	1.1
Other method	105	65	40	1.2	1.4	1.0
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	8,850	4,800	4,050	100.0	100.0	100.0
Less than 15 minutes	5,635	2,810	2,825	63.7	58.5	69.8
15 to 29 minutes	1,905	970	935	21.5	20.2	23.1
30 to 44 minutes	390	270	120	4.4	5.6	3.0
45 to 59 minutes	350	270	80	4.0	5.6	2.0
60 minutes and over	565	475	85	6.4	9.9	2.1
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	8,850	4,800	4,050	100.0	100.0	100.0
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	560	430	130	6.3	9.0	3.2
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	1,330	915	415	15.0	19.1	10.2
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	2,225	1,265	960	25.1	26.4	23.7
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	2,525	1,055	1,470	28.5	22.0	36.3
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	980	365	615	11.1	7.6	15.2
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	1,235	770	465	14.0	16.0	11.5
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	4,295	2,160	2,140	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	365	175	190	8.5	8.1	8.9
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	3,935	1,985	1,950	91.6	91.9	91.1
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	3,065	1,545	1,515	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	280	135	145	9.1	8.7	9.6
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	170	85	85	5.5	5.5	5.6
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	110	55	60	3.6	3.6	4.0
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	2,785	1,410	1,375	90.9	91.3	90.8

Symbol legend

...
not applicable
^r
revised

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 30, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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