Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	Prince RupertMore information: British Columbia [Census agglomeration]
	Counts			Rates
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	13,442	...	...	...	...	...
Population, 2016¹	13,462^r	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	- 0.1	...	...	- 0.1	...	...
Total private dwellings²	6,316	...	...	...	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	5,498	...	...	...	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	4.1	...	...	4.1	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	3,303.63	...	...	...	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	13,445	6,940	6,495	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	2,340	1,210	1,130	17.4	17.4	17.4
0 to 4 years	730	405	325	5.4	5.8	5.0
5 to 9 years	755	375	380	5.6	5.4	5.9
10 to 14 years	860	435	425	6.4	6.3	6.5
15 to 64 years	8,880	4,610	4,275	66.0	66.4	65.8
15 to 19 years	765	395	365	5.7	5.7	5.6
20 to 24 years	825	450	375	6.1	6.5	5.8
25 to 29 years	965	530	430	7.2	7.6	6.6
30 to 34 years	1,040	550	485	7.7	7.9	7.5
35 to 39 years	810	405	405	6.0	5.8	6.2
40 to 44 years	785	395	390	5.8	5.7	6.0
45 to 49 years	845	400	440	6.3	5.8	6.8
50 to 54 years	915	460	455	6.8	6.6	7.0
55 to 59 years	935	490	445	7.0	7.1	6.9
60 to 64 years	1,010	525	485	7.5	7.6	7.5
65 years and over	2,215	1,120	1,095	16.5	16.1	16.9
65 to 69 years	785	430	355	5.8	6.2	5.5
70 to 74 years	595	300	295	4.4	4.3	4.5
75 to 79 years	390	190	200	2.9	2.7	3.1
80 to 84 years	235	115	115	1.7	1.7	1.8
85 years and over	210	85	125	1.6	1.2	1.9
85 to 89 years	130	50	80	1.0	0.7	1.2
90 to 94 years	65	25	35	0.5	0.4	0.5
95 to 99 years	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
100 years and over	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	17.4	17.4	17.4	17.4	17.4	17.4
15 to 64 years	66.0	66.4	65.8	66.0	66.4	65.8
65 years and over	16.5	16.1	16.9	16.5	16.1	16.9
85 years and over	1.6	1.2	1.9	1.6	1.2	1.9
Average age of the population	40.4	40.0	40.8	40.4	40.0	40.8
Median age of the population	40.0	38.8	40.8	40.0	38.8	40.8
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	5,495	...	...	100.0	...	...
Single-detached house	3,245	...	...	59.1	...	...
Semi-detached house	230	...	...	4.2	...	...
Row house	310	...	...	5.6	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	635	...	...	11.6	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	905	...	...	16.5	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	60	...	...	1.1	...	...
Other single-attached house	15	...	...	0.3	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	100	...	...	1.8	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	5,495	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 person	1,700	...	...	30.9	...	...
2 persons	1,795	...	...	32.7	...	...
3 persons	845	...	...	15.4	...	...
4 persons	650	...	...	11.8	...	...
5 or more persons	510	...	...	9.3	...	...
Number of persons in private households	13,300	6,875	6,425	100.0	100.0	100.0
Average household size	2.4	...	...	2.4	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	11,100	5,725	5,370	100.0	100.0	100.0
Married or living common-law	5,950	3,000	2,945	53.6	52.4	54.8
Married	4,190	2,130	2,060	37.7	37.2	38.4
Living common-law	1,755	875	880	15.8	15.3	16.4
Living common law - Never married	1,430	720	710	12.9	12.6	13.2
Living common law - Separated	75	30	45	0.7	0.5	0.8
Living common law - Divorced	210	110	100	1.9	1.9	1.9
Living common law - Widowed	45	15	30	0.4	0.3	0.6
Not married and not living common-law	5,150	2,725	2,420	46.4	47.6	45.1
Not married and not living common law - Never married	3,590	2,125	1,470	32.3	37.1	27.4
Not married and not living common law - Separated	345	170	180	3.1	3.0	3.4
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	595	285	305	5.4	5.0	5.7
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	615	145	465	5.5	2.5	8.7
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	3,680	...	...	100.0	...	...
2 persons	1,915	...	...	52.0	...	...
3 persons	835	...	...	22.7	...	...
4 persons	610	...	...	16.6	...	...
5 or more persons	320	...	...	8.7	...	...
Average size of census families	2.9	...	...	2.9	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.8	...	...	1.8	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	3,680	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total couple families	2,875	...	...	78.1	...	...
Married couples	1,995	...	...	54.2	...	...
With children⁶	1,020	...	...	27.7	...	...
Without children	975	...	...	26.5	...	...
Common-law couples	880	...	...	23.9	...	...
With children⁶	425	...	...	11.5	...	...
Without children	450	...	...	12.2	...	...
Total one-parent families	805	...	...	21.9	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	590	...	...	16.0	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	215	...	...	5.8	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	13,295	6,875	6,425	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total - Persons in census families	10,505	5,300	5,200	79.0	77.1	80.9
Married spouses or common-law partners	5,750	2,870	2,880	43.2	41.7	44.8
Parents in one-parent families	805	210	595	6.1	3.1	9.3
Children⁶	3,950	2,220	1,730	29.7	32.3	26.9
In a two-parent family	2,670	1,475	1,200	20.1	21.5	18.7
In a one-parent family	1,280	745	535	9.6	10.8	8.3
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	2,790	1,575	1,220	21.0	22.9	19.0
Living alone	1,695	955	745	12.7	13.9	11.6
Living with other relatives⁷	455	220	235	3.4	3.2	3.7
Living with non-relatives only	640	400	240	4.8	5.8	3.7
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	5,495	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	3,040	...	...	55.3	...	...
Couple-family households	2,490	...	...	45.3	...	...
With children⁶	1,240	...	...	22.6	...	...
Without children	1,250	...	...	22.7	...	...
One-parent-family households	550	...	...	10.0	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	215	...	...	3.9	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	35	...	...	0.6	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	235	...	...	4.3	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	280	...	...	5.1	...	...
One-person households	1,700	...	...	30.9	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	10,960	5,665	5,295	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	10,655	5,515	5,135	97.2	97.4	97.0
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	43,600	51,600	38,000	43,600	51,600	38,000
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	10,655	5,525	5,135	97.2	97.5	97.0
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	40,000	45,600	35,200	40,000	45,600	35,200
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	9,165	4,880	4,285	83.6	86.1	80.9
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	40,400	51,600	32,400	40,400	51,600	32,400
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	7,935	4,285	3,655	72.4	75.6	69.0
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	44,000	56,400	34,400	44,000	56,400	34,400
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	8,510	4,080	4,430	77.6	72.0	83.7
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	10,500	9,400	11,500	10,500	9,400	11,500
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	1,380	680	705	12.6	12.0	13.3
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,280	6,500	6,080	6,280	6,500	6,080
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	2,630	1,255	1,375	24.0	22.2	26.0
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	10,960	5,665	5,295	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	10,625	5,505	5,125	96.9	97.2	96.8
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	57,400	68,000	46,040	57,400	68,000	46,040
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	10,635	5,510	5,125	97.0	97.3	96.8
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	48,440	55,700	40,600	48,440	55,700	40,600
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	9,175	4,860	4,320	83.7	85.8	81.6
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	55,600	67,700	42,000	55,600	67,700	42,000
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	7,940	4,250	3,690	72.4	75.0	69.7
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	58,050	70,800	43,320	58,050	70,800	43,320
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	8,420	4,035	4,385	76.8	71.2	82.8
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	11,860	11,260	12,420	11,860	11,260	12,420
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	1,230	595	635	11.2	10.5	12.0
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,400	7,400	7,440	7,400	7,400	7,440
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	2,610	1,335	1,275	23.8	23.6	24.1
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,190	8,140	8,240	8,190	8,140	8,240
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	10,960	5,665	5,295	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	3,600	2,085	1,510	32.8	36.8	28.5
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	75,000	93,000	57,200	75,000	93,000	57,200
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	85,800	100,200	65,800	85,800	100,200	65,800
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	3,305	1,590	1,710	30.2	28.1	32.3
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	24,800	29,000	22,400	24,800	29,000	22,400
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	37,040	45,280	29,360	37,040	45,280	29,360
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	83.6	87.8	77.0	83.6	87.8	77.0
Employment income (%)¹⁹	75.6	80.4	67.8	75.6	80.4	67.8
Government transfers (%)²⁰	16.4	12.1	23.1	16.4	12.1	23.1
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.5	1.2	2.0	1.5	1.2	2.0
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	4.5	3.5	5.9	4.5	3.5	5.9
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	3.5	2.9	4.5	3.5	2.9	4.5
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	10,960	5,665	5,300	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without total income	305	150	160	2.8	2.6	3.0
With total income	10,650	5,520	5,135	97.2	97.4	96.9
Under $10,000 (including loss)	1,010	475	535	9.5	8.6	10.4
$10,000 to $19,999	1,180	530	650	11.1	9.6	12.7
$20,000 to $29,999	1,515	670	840	14.2	12.1	16.4
$30,000 to $39,999	1,220	550	675	11.5	10.0	13.1
$40,000 to $49,999	1,045	485	560	9.8	8.8	10.9
$50,000 to $59,999	880	380	500	8.3	6.9	9.7
$60,000 to $69,999	715	350	365	6.7	6.3	7.1
$70,000 to $79,999	525	295	230	4.9	5.3	4.5
$80,000 to $89,999	485	255	225	4.6	4.6	4.4
$90,000 to $99,999	415	260	155	3.9	4.7	3.0
$100,000 and over	1,680	1,280	400	15.8	23.2	7.8
$100,000 to $149,999	1,060	760	305	10.0	13.8	5.9
$150,000 and over	615	520	95	5.8	9.4	1.9
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	10,960	5,665	5,300	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without after-tax income	305	140	160	2.8	2.5	3.0
With after-tax income	10,660	5,520	5,135	97.3	97.4	96.9
Under $10,000 (including loss)	1,035	485	550	9.7	8.8	10.7
$10,000 to $19,999	1,220	550	665	11.4	10.0	13.0
$20,000 to $29,999	1,665	740	920	15.6	13.4	17.9
$30,000 to $39,999	1,420	655	765	13.3	11.9	14.9
$40,000 to $49,999	1,195	540	660	11.2	9.8	12.9
$50,000 to $59,999	935	430	505	8.8	7.8	9.8
$60,000 to $69,999	745	410	335	7.0	7.4	6.5
$70,000 to $79,999	635	375	265	6.0	6.8	5.2
$80,000 to $89,999	450	305	145	4.2	5.5	2.8
$90,000 to $99,999	340	235	110	3.2	4.3	2.1
$100,000 and over	1,010	795	210	9.5	14.4	4.1
$100,000 to $124,999	575	425	150	5.4	7.7	2.9
$125,000 and over	440	375	65	4.1	6.8	1.3
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	10,960	5,665	5,300	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without employment income	3,025	1,380	1,640	27.6	24.4	30.9
With employment income	7,940	4,285	3,655	72.4	75.6	69.0
Under $5,000 (including loss)	940	450	490	11.8	10.5	13.4
$5,000 to $9,999	565	265	300	7.1	6.2	8.2
$10,000 to $19,999	785	335	450	9.9	7.8	12.3
$20,000 to $29,999	725	320	410	9.1	7.5	11.2
$30,000 to $39,999	700	320	380	8.8	7.5	10.4
$40,000 to $49,999	580	275	300	7.3	6.4	8.2
$50,000 to $59,999	600	275	325	7.6	6.4	8.9
$60,000 to $69,999	485	240	245	6.1	5.6	6.7
$70,000 to $79,999	365	210	155	4.6	4.9	4.2
$80,000 to $89,999	360	210	150	4.5	4.9	4.1
$90,000 to $99,999	360	230	130	4.5	5.4	3.6
$100,000 and over	1,465	1,150	315	18.5	26.8	8.6
$100,000 to $124,999	555	400	160	7.0	9.3	4.4
$125,000 and over	910	755	160	11.5	17.6	4.4
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	10,960	5,665	5,295	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	10,335	5,355	4,985	94.3	94.5	94.1
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	40,000	48,800	34,400	40,000	48,800	34,400
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	10,355	5,360	5,000	94.5	94.6	94.4
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	36,400	43,200	31,400	36,400	43,200	31,400
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	9,055	4,805	4,250	82.6	84.8	80.3
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	39,200	50,400	32,000	39,200	50,400	32,000
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	8,040	4,325	3,720	73.4	76.3	70.3
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	41,200	52,400	32,400	41,200	52,400	32,400
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	7,145	3,290	3,860	65.2	58.1	72.9
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	7,750	6,850	8,300	7,750	6,850	8,300
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	1,230	625	610	11.2	11.0	11.5
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,450	6,800	6,040	6,450	6,800	6,040
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	10,960	5,665	5,295	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	10,335	5,340	4,995	94.3	94.3	94.3
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	55,100	66,300	43,120	55,100	66,300	43,120
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	10,360	5,345	5,010	94.5	94.4	94.6
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	45,720	53,650	37,280	45,720	53,650	37,280
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	9,055	4,770	4,285	82.6	84.2	80.9
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	55,350	67,900	41,360	55,350	67,900	41,360
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	8,065	4,285	3,780	73.6	75.6	71.4
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	56,000	69,000	41,240	56,000	69,000	41,240
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	7,025	3,255	3,770	64.1	57.5	71.2
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	9,690	9,220	10,090	9,690	9,220	10,090
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	1,170	590	585	10.7	10.4	11.0
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	7,660	7,760	7,520	7,660	7,760	7,520
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	10,960	5,665	5,295	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	3,545	2,060	1,490	32.3	36.4	28.1
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	67,500	84,000	55,200	67,500	84,000	55,200
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	80,400	95,100	60,050	80,400	95,100	60,050
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	3,130	1,500	1,635	28.6	26.5	30.9
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	28,600	32,800	25,200	28,600	32,800	25,200
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	41,920	51,040	33,560	41,920	51,040	33,560
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	88.0	91.6	82.4	88.0	91.6	82.4
Employment income (%)	79.4	83.6	72.4	79.4	83.6	72.4
Government transfers (%)	11.9	8.5	17.7	11.9	8.5	17.7
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.6	1.3	2.0	1.6	1.3	2.0
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	5,495	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	92,000	...	...	92,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	81,000	...	...	81,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	1,700	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	49,600	...	...	49,600	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	44,400	...	...	44,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	3,795	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	118,000	...	...	118,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	104,000	...	...	104,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	5,495	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	111,000	...	...	111,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	93,700	...	...	93,700	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	1,700	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	64,600	...	...	64,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	53,800	...	...	53,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	3,800	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	131,800	...	...	131,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	111,600	...	...	111,600	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	5,500	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	55	...	...	1.0	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	25	...	...	0.5	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	60	...	...	1.1	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	105	...	...	1.9	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	225	...	...	4.1	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	165	...	...	3.0	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	155	...	...	2.8	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	165	...	...	3.0	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	160	...	...	2.9	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	190	...	...	3.5	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	365	...	...	6.6	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	375	...	...	6.8	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	320	...	...	5.8	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	305	...	...	5.5	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	270	...	...	4.9	...	...
$100,000 and over	2,560	...	...	46.5	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	610	...	...	11.1	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	505	...	...	9.2	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	735	...	...	13.4	...	...
$200,000 and over	705	...	...	12.8	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	5,500	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	60	...	...	1.1	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	25	...	...	0.5	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	60	...	...	1.1	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	110	...	...	2.0	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	245	...	...	4.5	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	175	...	...	3.2	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	180	...	...	3.3	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	175	...	...	3.2	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	205	...	...	3.7	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	245	...	...	4.5	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	430	...	...	7.8	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	415	...	...	7.5	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	395	...	...	7.2	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	305	...	...	5.5	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	315	...	...	5.7	...	...
$100,000 and over	2,160	...	...	39.3	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	720	...	...	13.1	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	550	...	...	10.0	...	...
$150,000 and over	890	...	...	16.2	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	3,595	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	118,000	...	...	118,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	103,000	...	...	103,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.1	...	...	3.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	1,280	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	109,000	...	...	109,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	95,000	...	...	95,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	1,460	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	148,000	...	...	148,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	126,000	...	...	126,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	4.1	...	...	4.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	710	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	74,000	...	...	74,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	69,000	...	...	69,000	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.9	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	2,340	1,350	985	...	...	...
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	45,200	49,600	40,000	45,200	49,600	40,000
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	40,800	44,000	36,000	40,800	44,000	36,000
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	3,590	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	131,400	...	...	131,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	111,100	...	...	111,100	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,315	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	126,000	...	...	126,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	105,300	...	...	105,300	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,470	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	160,600	...	...	160,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	135,200	...	...	135,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	695	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	85,600	...	...	85,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	75,200	...	...	75,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	2,375	1,410	965	...	...	...
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	58,050	63,700	49,800	58,050	63,700	49,800
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	48,840	52,600	43,400	48,840	52,600	43,400
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	13,300	6,870	6,425	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	2,785	1,445	1,345	20.9	21.0	20.9
0 to 5 years	865	470	395	6.5	6.8	6.1
18 to 64 years	8,385	4,345	4,035	63.0	63.2	62.8
65 years and over	2,130	1,085	1,040	16.0	15.8	16.2
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	1,445	710	740	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	385	190	200	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	120	60	60	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	745	380	360	...	...	...
65 years and over	315	145	175	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	10.9	10.3	11.5	10.9	10.3	11.5
0 to 17 years (%)	14.0	13.0	15.0	14.0	13.0	15.0
0 to 5 years (%)	13.8	12.8	14.8	13.8	12.8	14.8
18 to 64 years (%)	8.9	8.8	9.0	8.9	8.8	9.0
65 years and over (%)	14.7	13.0	16.6	14.7	13.0	16.6
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	12,675	6,545	6,125	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	2,600	1,355	1,240	20.5	20.7	20.2
0 to 5 years	815	445	365	6.4	6.8	6.0
18 to 64 years	8,040	4,160	3,885	63.4	63.6	63.4
65 years and over	2,030	1,035	1,000	16.0	15.8	16.3
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	325	180	140	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	65	30	35	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	10	5	5	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	230	140	95	...	...	...
65 years and over	30	15	15	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	2.6	2.8	2.4	2.6	2.8	2.4
0 to 17 years (%)	2.4	2.2	2.6	2.4	2.2	2.6
0 to 5 years (%)	1.4	1.2	1.2	1.4	1.2	1.2
18 to 64 years (%)	2.9	3.3	2.5	2.9	3.3	2.5
65 years and over (%)	1.4	1.4	1.6	1.4	1.4	1.6
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	13,300	6,875	6,425	100.0	100.0	100.0
In bottom half of the distribution	5,995	2,965	3,025	45.1	43.1	47.1
In bottom decile	1,320	665	650	9.9	9.7	10.1
In second decile	1,300	605	695	9.8	8.8	10.8
In third decile	1,110	560	550	8.3	8.1	8.6
In fourth decile	1,160	590	565	8.7	8.6	8.8
In fifth decile	1,105	540	555	8.3	7.9	8.6
In top half of the distribution	7,310	3,910	3,395	55.0	56.9	52.8
In sixth decile	1,140	585	550	8.6	8.5	8.6
In seventh decile	1,165	610	555	8.8	8.9	8.6
In eighth decile	1,345	720	630	10.1	10.5	9.8
In ninth decile	1,670	890	780	12.6	12.9	12.1
In top decile	1,990	1,105	885	15.0	16.1	13.8
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	13,295	...	...	13,295	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.332	...	...	0.332	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.443	...	...	0.443	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.294	...	...	0.294	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	4.3	...	...	4.3	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	13,440	6,945	6,500	100.0	100.0	100.0
English only	12,725	6,620	6,105	94.7	95.3	93.9
French only	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and French	575	265	315	4.3	3.8	4.8
Neither English nor French	135	55	80	1.0	0.8	1.2
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	13,440	6,945	6,500	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	13,210	6,840	6,375	98.3	98.5	98.1
French	85	45	40	0.6	0.6	0.6
English and French	10	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Neither English nor French	130	50	80	1.0	0.7	1.2
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	13,440	6,945	6,500	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	13,120	6,775	6,345	97.6	97.6	97.6
Official languages	11,560	5,980	5,580	86.0	86.1	85.8
English	11,470	5,935	5,540	85.3	85.5	85.2
French	85	45	45	0.6	0.6	0.7
Non-official languages	1,555	795	760	11.6	11.4	11.7
Indigenous languages³⁹	80	35	45	0.6	0.5	0.7
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	75	30	40	0.6	0.4	0.6
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	10	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.2
Nisga'a	20	5	15	0.1	0.1	0.2
Tsimshian	40	20	20	0.3	0.3	0.3
Wakashan languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Haisla	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	1,475	760	710	11.0	10.9	10.9
Afro-Asiatic languages	15	15	5	0.1	0.2	0.1
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	15	15	5	0.1	0.2	0.1
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	15	15	5	0.1	0.2	0.1
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	320	155	165	2.4	2.2	2.5
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	315	155	160	2.3	2.2	2.5
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	155	70	85	1.2	1.0	1.3
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	15	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.2
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	130	60	65	1.0	0.9	1.0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	60	40	20	0.4	0.6	0.3
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	45	25	20	0.3	0.4	0.3
Tamil	10	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Telugu	10	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	755	400	355	5.6	5.8	5.5
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	60	25	30	0.4	0.4	0.5
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	60	25	30	0.4	0.4	0.5
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	10	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Russian	10	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.2
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.2
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	15	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.2
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	10	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	110	60	55	0.8	0.9	0.8
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	40	20	15	0.3	0.3	0.2
German	40	20	20	0.3	0.3	0.3
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	55	25	25	0.4	0.4	0.4
Afrikaans	30	20	15	0.2	0.3	0.2
Dutch	25	5	10	0.2	0.1	0.2
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	15	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.2
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	15	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.2
Swedish	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	365	205	160	2.7	3.0	2.5
Indo-Aryan languages	360	205	155	2.7	3.0	2.4
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	10	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Hindi	40	20	20	0.3	0.3	0.3
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	295	165	125	2.2	2.4	1.9
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	215	105	105	1.6	1.5	1.6
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	100	55	45	0.7	0.8	0.7
Portuguese	70	35	40	0.5	0.5	0.6
Romanian	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Spanish	25	5	20	0.2	0.1	0.3
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	25	10	15	0.2	0.1	0.2
Korean	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Akan (Twi)	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	90	50	40	0.7	0.7	0.6
Chinese languages	90	50	40	0.7	0.7	0.6
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	75	40	30	0.6	0.6	0.5
Chinese, n.o.s.	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	10	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.2
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	15	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.2
Estonian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Hungarian	10	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.2
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	325	170	160	2.4	2.4	2.5
English and French	45	20	25	0.3	0.3	0.4
English and non-official language(s)	265	140	125	2.0	2.0	1.9
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	15	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.2
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	13,440	6,945	6,500	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	11,770	6,075	5,690	87.6	87.5	87.5
French	15	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Non-official language	385	200	190	2.9	2.9	2.9
Indigenous³⁹	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	380	200	185	2.8	2.9	2.8
English and French	80	35	45	0.6	0.5	0.7
English and non-official language(s)	1,150	610	540	8.6	8.8	8.3
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	25	15	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Multiple non-official languages	20	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.2
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	13,440	6,945	6,500	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	13,245	6,825	6,420	98.5	98.3	98.8
Official languages	12,495	6,435	6,065	93.0	92.7	93.3
English	12,475	6,420	6,055	92.8	92.4	93.2
French	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.2
Non-official languages	755	390	360	5.6	5.6	5.5
Indigenous languages³⁹	15	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.2
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	15	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.2
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	740	385	350	5.5	5.5	5.4
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	250	130	125	1.9	1.9	1.9
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	250	130	125	1.9	1.9	1.9
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	70	40	30	0.5	0.6	0.5
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	65	35	30	0.5	0.5	0.5
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	35	20	15	0.3	0.3	0.2
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	35	25	10	0.3	0.4	0.2
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	320	170	150	2.4	2.4	2.3
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	15	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
German	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Afrikaans	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	255	135	120	1.9	1.9	1.8
Indo-Aryan languages	250	135	115	1.9	1.9	1.8
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Hindi	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.2
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	220	115	105	1.6	1.7	1.6
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	45	20	25	0.3	0.3	0.4
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.2
Portuguese	20	5	15	0.1	0.1	0.2
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	15	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
American Sign Language	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Sino-Tibetan languages	35	15	20	0.3	0.2	0.3
Chinese languages	35	15	20	0.3	0.2	0.3
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	35	15	20	0.3	0.2	0.3
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	195	115	80	1.5	1.7	1.2
English and French	15	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
English and non-official language(s)	180	110	70	1.3	1.6	1.1
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	13,440	6,945	6,500	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	12,345	6,385	5,955	91.9	91.9	91.6
English	300	165	140	2.2	2.4	2.2
French	60	20	35	0.4	0.3	0.5
Non-official language	610	300	310	4.5	4.3	4.8
Indigenous³⁹	120	60	60	0.9	0.9	0.9
Non-Indigenous	490	245	250	3.6	3.5	3.8
English and French	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	50	30	20	0.4	0.4	0.3
French and non-official language(s)	25	15	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	45	20	20	0.3	0.3	0.3
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	13,300	6,875	6,425	100.0	100.0	100.0
Official languages	13,145	6,815	6,325	98.8	99.1	98.4
English	13,120	6,805	6,320	98.6	99.0	98.4
French	660	340	320	5.0	4.9	5.0
Non-official languages	2,400	1,230	1,175	18.0	17.9	18.3
Indigenous languages³⁹	230	120	110	1.7	1.7	1.7
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	190	105	85	1.4	1.5	1.3
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	50	35	15	0.4	0.5	0.2
Tsimshian	140	80	65	1.1	1.2	1.0
Wakashan languages	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
Haisla	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	2,180	1,110	1,065	16.4	16.1	16.6
Afro-Asiatic languages	55	40	15	0.4	0.6	0.2
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	55	35	15	0.4	0.5	0.2
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	55	35	15	0.4	0.5	0.2
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	415	195	220	3.1	2.8	3.4
Khmer (Cambodian)	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Vietnamese	415	195	220	3.1	2.8	3.4
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	215	110	115	1.6	1.6	1.8
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	215	110	115	1.6	1.6	1.8
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	35	10	20	0.3	0.1	0.3
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	30	20	10	0.2	0.3	0.2
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	1,285	685	600	9.7	10.0	9.3
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	85	50	35	0.6	0.7	0.5
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	85	50	35	0.6	0.7	0.5
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	35	15	20	0.3	0.2	0.3
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Ukrainian	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	285	145	140	2.1	2.1	2.2
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	120	65	55	0.9	0.9	0.9
German	115	65	50	0.9	0.9	0.8
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	125	70	65	0.9	1.0	1.0
Afrikaans	80	50	30	0.6	0.7	0.5
Dutch	45	15	25	0.3	0.2	0.4
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	30	10	25	0.2	0.1	0.4
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	30	10	20	0.2	0.1	0.3
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	565	325	240	4.2	4.7	3.7
Indo-Aryan languages	565	325	240	4.2	4.7	3.7
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	30	20	10	0.2	0.3	0.2
Hindi	225	140	90	1.7	2.0	1.4
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	485	270	215	3.6	3.9	3.3
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	375	165	205	2.8	2.4	3.2
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	180	85	95	1.4	1.2	1.5
Portuguese	105	50	60	0.8	0.7	0.9
Romanian	15	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Spanish	105	35	70	0.8	0.5	1.1
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	40	20	20	0.3	0.3	0.3
Korean	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	30	0	20	0.2	0.0	0.3
Akan (Twi)	25	0	20	0.2	0.0	0.3
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	20	10	10	0.2	0.1	0.2
American Sign Language	20	10	10	0.2	0.1	0.2
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	90	45	45	0.7	0.7	0.7
Chinese languages	90	45	45	0.7	0.7	0.7
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	35	15	15	0.3	0.2	0.2
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	80	40	40	0.6	0.6	0.6
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	13,295	6,870	6,425	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	5,390	2,775	2,615	40.5	40.4	40.7
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	5,245	2,715	2,530	39.5	39.5	39.4
First Nations (North American Indian)	4,855	2,495	2,365	36.5	36.3	36.8
Métis	380	220	160	2.9	3.2	2.5
Inuk (Inuit)	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	25	15	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	120	50	70	0.9	0.7	1.1
Non-Indigenous identity	7,905	4,100	3,810	59.5	59.7	59.3
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	13,295	6,870	6,425	100.0	100.0	100.0
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	4,285	2,175	2,115	32.2	31.7	32.9
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	9,010	4,700	4,310	67.8	68.4	67.1
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	5,500	...	...	100.0	...	...
Owner	3,495	...	...	63.5	...	...
Renter	1,960	...	...	35.6	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	40	...	...	0.7	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	5,500	...	...	100.0	...	...
Condominium	220	...	...	4.0	...	...
Not condominium	5,275	...	...	95.9	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	5,500	...	...	100.0	...	...
No bedrooms	25	...	...	0.5	...	...
1 bedroom	620	...	...	11.3	...	...
2 bedrooms	1,225	...	...	22.3	...	...
3 bedrooms	2,050	...	...	37.3	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	1,580	...	...	28.7	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	5,500	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	1,465	...	...	26.6	...	...
5 rooms	915	...	...	16.6	...	...
6 rooms	810	...	...	14.7	...	...
7 rooms	735	...	...	13.4	...	...
8 or more rooms	1,565	...	...	28.5	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.2	...	...	6.2	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	5,500	...	...	100.0	...	...
One person or fewer per room	5,355	...	...	97.4	...	...
More than one person per room	145	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	5,500	...	...	100.0	...	...
Suitable	5,180	...	...	94.2	...	...
Not suitable	315	...	...	5.7	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	5,500	...	...	100.0	...	...
1960 or before	1,880	...	...	34.2	...	...
1961 to 1980	2,125	...	...	38.6	...	...
1981 to 1990	815	...	...	14.8	...	...
1991 to 2000	460	...	...	8.4	...	...
2001 to 2005	50	...	...	0.9	...	...
2006 to 2010	30	...	...	0.5	...	...
2011 to 2015	40	...	...	0.7	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	105	...	...	1.9	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	5,500	...	...	100.0	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	4,675	...	...	85.0	...	...
Major repairs needed	825	...	...	15.0	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	5,500	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-maintainer household	2,875	...	...	52.3	...	...
Two-maintainer household	2,245	...	...	40.8	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	380	...	...	6.9	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	5,500	...	...	100.0	...	...
15 to 24 years	170	...	...	3.1	...	...
25 to 34 years	900	...	...	16.4	...	...
35 to 44 years	850	...	...	15.5	...	...
45 to 54 years	995	...	...	18.1	...	...
55 to 64 years	1,160	...	...	21.1	...	...
65 to 74 years	865	...	...	15.7	...	...
75 to 84 years	450	...	...	8.2	...	...
85 years and over	115	...	...	2.1	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	5,275	...	...	100.0	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	4,515	...	...	85.6	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	765	...	...	14.5	...	...
30% to less than 100%	710	...	...	13.5	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	5,500	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	1,680	...	...	30.5	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	620	...	...	11.3	...	...
Not suitable only	210	...	...	3.8	...	...
Major repairs needed only	625	...	...	11.4	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	25	...	...	0.5	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	110	...	...	2.0	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	75	...	...	1.4	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Acceptable housing	3,820	...	...	69.5	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	5,225	...	...	100.0	...	...
In core need	380	...	...	7.3	...	...
Not in core need	4,845	...	...	92.7	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	3,335	...	...	...	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	60.0	...	...	60.0	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	8.7	...	...	8.7	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	3.3	...	...	3.3	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,180	...	...	1,180	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,334	...	...	1,334	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	400,000	...	...	400,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	416,400	...	...	416,400	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	1,945	...	...	...	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	13.1	...	...	13.1	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	24.7	...	...	24.7	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	14.2	...	...	14.2	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,070	...	...	1,070	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,130	...	...	1,130	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	40	...	...	...	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	25.0	...	...	25.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	404	...	...	404	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	520	...	...	520	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	13,295	6,875	6,425	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	3,650	1,900	1,750	27.5	27.6	27.2
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	3,640	1,890	1,745	27.4	27.5	27.2
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	3,545	1,840	1,710	26.7	26.8	26.6
Métis single ancestry	85	55	35	0.6	0.8	0.5
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	15	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	15	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	1,610	840	765	12.1	12.2	11.9
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	1,540	800	740	11.6	11.6	11.5
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	1,380	705	670	10.4	10.3	10.4
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	165	100	70	1.2	1.5	1.1
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	65	35	25	0.5	0.5	0.4
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	65	35	25	0.5	0.5	0.4
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	8,040	4,135	3,905	60.5	60.1	60.8
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	13,300	6,875	6,420	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	12,495	6,485	6,015	93.9	94.3	93.7
Canadian citizens aged under 18	2,740	1,400	1,335	20.6	20.4	20.8
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	9,755	5,085	4,675	73.3	74.0	72.8
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	800	385	410	6.0	5.6	6.4
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	13,300	6,875	6,420	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	11,380	5,895	5,490	85.6	85.7	85.5
Immigrants⁸¹	1,620	795	820	12.2	11.6	12.8
Before 1980	475	255	220	3.6	3.7	3.4
1980 to 1990	260	150	110	2.0	2.2	1.7
1991 to 2000	225	110	115	1.7	1.6	1.8
2001 to 2010	250	95	160	1.9	1.4	2.5
2011 to 2021⁸²	410	190	215	3.1	2.8	3.3
2011 to 2015	150	90	55	1.1	1.3	0.9
2016 to 2021	260	100	155	2.0	1.5	2.4
Non-permanent residents⁸³	295	180	110	2.2	2.6	1.7
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	1,620	800	820	100.0	100.0	100.0
Under 5 years	90	55	35	5.6	6.9	4.3
5 to 14 years	325	180	145	20.1	22.5	17.7
15 to 24 years	460	265	195	28.4	33.1	23.8
25 to 44 years	645	265	385	39.8	33.1	47.0
45 years and over	105	40	65	6.5	5.0	7.9
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	1,620	800	820	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	125	70	60	7.7	8.8	7.3
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
El Salvador	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyana	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	10	0	10	0.6	0.0	1.2
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	85	50	35	5.2	6.3	4.3
Other places of birth in Americas	10	10	10	0.6	1.3	1.2
Europe	485	240	245	29.9	30.0	29.9
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	10	10	0	0.6	1.3	0.0
Germany	25	0	15	1.5	0.0	1.8
Greece	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	20	10	10	1.2	1.3	1.2
Italy	100	45	55	6.2	5.6	6.7
Netherlands	25	10	15	1.5	1.3	1.8
Poland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portugal	70	35	40	4.3	4.4	4.9
Romania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	125	65	65	7.7	8.1	7.9
Other places of birth in Europe	80	40	40	4.9	5.0	4.9
Africa	75	35	40	4.6	4.4	4.9
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	10	10	0	0.6	1.3	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	55	25	30	3.4	3.1	3.7
Other places of birth in Africa	10	0	10	0.6	0.0	1.2
Asia	900	445	450	55.6	55.6	54.9
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	25	15	15	1.5	1.9	1.8
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	35	15	25	2.2	1.9	3.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	25	10	10	1.5	1.3	1.2
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	205	100	110	12.7	12.5	13.4
Viet Nam	295	145	155	18.2	18.1	18.9
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	260	140	120	16.0	17.5	14.6
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	30	0	20	1.9	0.0	2.4
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	30	0	25	1.9	0.0	3.0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	255	100	155	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	20	0	15	7.8	0.0	9.7
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Americas	10	0	0	3.9	0.0	0.0
Europe	25	10	15	9.8	10.0	9.7
France	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Europe	25	10	15	9.8	10.0	9.7
Africa	20	10	15	7.8	10.0	9.7
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	15	0	10	5.9	0.0	6.5
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asia	180	80	105	70.6	80.0	67.7
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	75	45	30	29.4	45.0	19.4
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	30	0	25	11.8	0.0	16.1
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	25	15	15	9.8	15.0	9.7
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	35	10	20	13.7	10.0	12.9
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania and other⁹³	10	0	10	3.9	0.0	6.5
Australia	10	0	10	3.9	0.0	6.5
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	13,300	6,870	6,425	100.0	100.0	100.0
First generation¹⁰⁰	2,010	1,030	980	15.1	15.0	15.3
Second generation¹⁰¹	2,035	1,060	970	15.3	15.4	15.1
Third generation or more¹⁰²	9,260	4,780	4,475	69.6	69.6	69.6
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	1,145	540	600	100.0	100.0	100.0
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	440	225	215	38.4	41.7	35.8
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	205	115	90	17.9	21.3	15.0
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	225	110	120	19.7	20.4	20.0
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	525	190	330	45.9	35.2	55.0
Refugees¹⁰⁸	185	130	55	16.2	24.1	9.2
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	1,145	540	600	100.0	100.0	100.0
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	20	10	0	1.7	1.9	0.0
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	150	60	85	13.1	11.1	14.2
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	55	30	25	4.8	5.6	4.2
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	95	60	40	8.3	11.1	6.7
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	820	385	445	71.6	71.3	74.2
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	13,300	6,870	6,425	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	1,860	960	905	14.0	14.0	14.1
South Asian	660	380	280	5.0	5.5	4.4
Chinese	130	65	60	1.0	0.9	0.9
Black	45	15	25	0.3	0.2	0.4
Filipino	285	135	155	2.1	2.0	2.4
Arab	40	25	10	0.3	0.4	0.2
Latin American	30	15	20	0.2	0.2	0.3
Southeast Asian	525	250	275	3.9	3.6	4.3
West Asian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	35	20	10	0.3	0.3	0.2
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	20	10	10	0.2	0.1	0.2
Multiple visible minorities	65	25	40	0.5	0.4	0.6
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	11,435	5,915	5,520	86.0	86.1	85.9
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	13,300	6,875	6,420	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian	950	490	460	7.1	7.1	7.2
English	2,285	1,060	1,220	17.2	15.4	19.0
Irish	1,545	705	845	11.6	10.3	13.2
Scottish	2,120	1,035	1,080	15.9	15.1	16.8
French, n.o.s.¹²²	785	380	400	5.9	5.5	6.2
German	1,370	735	635	10.3	10.7	9.9
Chinese	215	100	120	1.6	1.5	1.9
Italian	680	350	330	5.1	5.1	5.1
Indian (India)	365	210	155	2.7	3.1	2.4
Ukrainian	520	280	245	3.9	4.1	3.8
Dutch	375	200	180	2.8	2.9	2.8
Polish	305	150	160	2.3	2.2	2.5
Québécois	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	340	190	150	2.6	2.8	2.3
Filipino	310	140	170	2.3	2.0	2.6
French Canadian	150	90	65	1.1	1.3	1.0
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	205	125	75	1.5	1.8	1.2
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	1,940	980	960	14.6	14.3	15.0
Métis	330	195	135	2.5	2.8	2.1
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	220	125	90	1.7	1.8	1.4
Russian	185	110	75	1.4	1.6	1.2
Norwegian	720	395	325	5.4	5.7	5.1
Welsh	220	110	110	1.7	1.6	1.7
Portuguese	205	100	105	1.5	1.5	1.6
American	165	80	85	1.2	1.2	1.3
Spanish	85	35	50	0.6	0.5	0.8
Swedish	325	165	160	2.4	2.4	2.5
Hungarian	105	60	50	0.8	0.9	0.8
Acadian	30	25	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
Pakistani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	25	0	20	0.2	0.0	0.3
Jewish	55	35	25	0.4	0.5	0.4
Punjabi	120	70	45	0.9	1.0	0.7
Vietnamese	465	220	245	3.5	3.2	3.8
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	30	10	25	0.2	0.1	0.4
Jamaican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	70	35	40	0.5	0.5	0.6
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	50	25	25	0.4	0.4	0.4
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	50	35	15	0.4	0.5	0.2
Lebanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Danish	120	55	70	0.9	0.8	1.1
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	515	300	210	3.9	4.4	3.3
Sikh	175	80	95	1.3	1.2	1.5
Austrian	135	70	60	1.0	1.0	0.9
Belgian	50	25	25	0.4	0.4	0.4
Haitian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindu	35	25	10	0.3	0.4	0.2
Mexican	30	15	20	0.2	0.2	0.3
Mennonite	25	0	25	0.2	0.0	0.4
Swiss	65	25	40	0.5	0.4	0.6
Finnish	95	50	50	0.7	0.7	0.8
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	30	15	20	0.2	0.2	0.3
Japanese	130	60	70	1.0	0.9	1.1
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	40	15	25	0.3	0.2	0.4
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	90	50	40	0.7	0.7	0.6
Muslim	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egyptian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	115	65	55	0.9	0.9	0.9
Colombian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moroccan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	55	10	50	0.4	0.1	0.8
Syrian	30	15	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afghan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Newfoundlander	60	25	30	0.5	0.4	0.5
Hong Konger	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ontarian	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazilian	30	10	15	0.2	0.1	0.2
Nigerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	25	10	10	0.2	0.1	0.2
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquin	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South African	45	35	15	0.3	0.5	0.2
Australian	25	0	25	0.2	0.0	0.4
Palestinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chilean	25	15	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Congolese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nova Scotian	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	20	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.2
Peruvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cambodian (Khmer)	20	10	10	0.2	0.1	0.2
Berber	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovenian	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Canadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israeli	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	35	15	15	0.3	0.2	0.2
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	20	15	0	0.2	0.2	0.0
Albertan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African American	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	20	15	0	0.2	0.2	0.0
Laotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Irish	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
British Columbian	75	45	35	0.6	0.7	0.5
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jatt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
Dominican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Abenaki	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Zealander	20	15	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Sudanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Breton	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gaspesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norman	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Manitoban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Honduran	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cherokee	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Flemish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Goan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamileke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Libyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Basque	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igorot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guinean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maliseet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Beninese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Roma	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tajik	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amhara	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	13,295	6,875	6,425	100.0	100.0	100.0
Buddhist	195	105	85	1.5	1.5	1.3
Christian	4,670	2,190	2,485	35.1	31.9	38.7
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	660	330	330	5.0	4.8	5.1
Anabaptist	45	20	25	0.3	0.3	0.4
Anglican	770	340	435	5.8	4.9	6.8
Baptist	115	50	65	0.9	0.7	1.0
Catholic	1,680	785	905	12.6	11.4	14.1
Christian Orthodox	25	15	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Jehovah's Witness	100	50	50	0.8	0.7	0.8
Latter Day Saints	45	15	35	0.3	0.2	0.5
Lutheran	200	110	95	1.5	1.6	1.5
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	50	25	30	0.4	0.4	0.5
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	115	50	70	0.9	0.7	1.1
Presbyterian	50	25	20	0.4	0.4	0.3
Reformed	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Church	700	335	370	5.3	4.9	5.8
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	100	45	55	0.8	0.7	0.9
Hindu	165	105	60	1.2	1.5	0.9
Jewish	15	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Muslim	95	55	40	0.7	0.8	0.6
Sikh	415	215	200	3.1	3.1	3.1
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	65	20	40	0.5	0.3	0.6
Other religions and spiritual traditions	135	65	65	1.0	0.9	1.0
No religion and secular perspectives	7,550	4,110	3,445	56.8	59.8	53.6
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	13,160	6,790	6,370	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	11,515	5,975	5,535	87.5	88.0	86.9
Movers	1,645	815	830	12.5	12.0	13.0
Non-migrants	1,125	550	570	8.5	8.1	8.9
Migrants	525	265	260	4.0	3.9	4.1
Internal migrants	400	205	195	3.0	3.0	3.1
Intraprovincial migrants	300	155	150	2.3	2.3	2.4
Interprovincial migrants	100	55	45	0.8	0.8	0.7
External migrants	120	55	65	0.9	0.8	1.0
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	12,570	6,430	6,140	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	7,450	3,885	3,565	59.3	60.4	58.1
Movers	5,120	2,550	2,575	40.7	39.7	41.9
Non-migrants	2,800	1,375	1,425	22.3	21.4	23.2
Migrants	2,320	1,170	1,155	18.5	18.2	18.8
Internal migrants	1,885	940	945	15.0	14.6	15.4
Intraprovincial migrants	1,435	715	720	11.4	11.1	11.7
Interprovincial migrants	450	230	220	3.6	3.6	3.6
External migrants	430	230	205	3.4	3.6	3.3
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	10,960	5,665	5,295	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	2,985	1,615	1,370	27.2	28.5	25.9
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	7,970	4,055	3,920	72.7	71.6	74.0
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	7,250	3,765	3,485	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	1,535	875	650	21.2	23.2	18.7
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	5,715	2,890	2,835	78.8	76.8	81.3
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	10,960	5,665	5,295	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	2,650	1,380	1,270	24.2	24.4	24.0
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	3,655	1,825	1,830	33.3	32.2	34.6
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	4,650	2,455	2,195	42.4	43.3	41.5
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	2,990	1,755	1,235	27.3	31.0	23.3
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	1,175	990	185	10.7	17.5	3.5
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	470	350	120	4.3	6.2	2.3
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	705	640	65	6.4	11.3	1.2
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	1,515	635	880	13.8	11.2	16.6
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	295	125	170	2.7	2.2	3.2
Bachelor's degree or higher	1,660	700	960	15.1	12.4	18.1
Bachelor's degree	1,115	485	630	10.2	8.6	11.9
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	145	55	95	1.3	1.0	1.8
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	35	25	10	0.3	0.4	0.2
Master's degree	335	120	210	3.1	2.1	4.0
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	30	10	10	0.3	0.2	0.2
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	7,250	3,765	3,485	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	1,330	730	595	18.3	19.4	17.1
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	2,315	1,150	1,165	31.9	30.5	33.4
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	3,605	1,880	1,720	49.7	49.9	49.4
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	2,280	1,325	955	31.4	35.2	27.4
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	860	730	130	11.9	19.4	3.7
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	380	295	85	5.2	7.8	2.4
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	480	435	40	6.6	11.6	1.1
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	1,205	500	705	16.6	13.3	20.2
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	220	95	125	3.0	2.5	3.6
Bachelor's degree or higher	1,320	555	765	18.2	14.7	22.0
Bachelor's degree	850	365	490	11.7	9.7	14.1
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	110	40	70	1.5	1.1	2.0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	35	25	15	0.5	0.7	0.4
Master's degree	300	120	180	4.1	3.2	5.2
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	25	15	15	0.3	0.4	0.4
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	10,960	5,665	5,300	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	6,310	3,210	3,100	57.6	56.7	58.5
Education	420	95	330	3.8	1.7	6.2
13. Education	420	95	330	3.8	1.7	6.2
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	140	70	70	1.3	1.2	1.3
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	30	25	0	0.3	0.4	0.0
50. Visual and performing arts	115	50	60	1.0	0.9	1.1
Humanities	280	150	130	2.6	2.6	2.5
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
23. English language and literature/letters	25	0	20	0.2	0.0	0.4
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	190	105	85	1.7	1.9	1.6
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	15	10	10	0.1	0.2	0.2
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
54. History	35	30	10	0.3	0.5	0.2
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	355	105	250	3.2	1.9	4.7
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	15	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	90	0	90	0.8	0.0	1.7
22. Legal professions and studies	40	20	20	0.4	0.4	0.4
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
42. Psychology	60	10	50	0.5	0.2	0.9
45. Social sciences	130	55	75	1.2	1.0	1.4
Business, management and public administration	805	260	545	7.3	4.6	10.3
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	100	10	90	0.9	0.2	1.7
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	705	250	455	6.4	4.4	8.6
Physical and life sciences and technologies	165	90	75	1.5	1.6	1.4
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	75	30	45	0.7	0.5	0.8
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	65	35	30	0.6	0.6	0.6
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
40. Physical sciences	20	20	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
41. Science technologies/technicians	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	80	55	25	0.7	1.0	0.5
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	50	35	15	0.5	0.6	0.3
25. Library science	25	20	10	0.2	0.4	0.2
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	1,220	1,150	70	11.1	20.3	1.3
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
14. Engineering	105	100	0	1.0	1.8	0.0
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	210	180	25	1.9	3.2	0.5
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	425	415	10	3.9	7.3	0.2
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	305	290	15	2.8	5.1	0.3
48. Precision production	180	160	20	1.6	2.8	0.4
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	115	30	85	1.0	0.5	1.6
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	40	0	35	0.4	0.0	0.7
03. Natural resources and conservation	75	20	45	0.7	0.4	0.8
Health and related fields	570	105	470	5.2	1.9	8.9
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	40	25	10	0.4	0.4	0.2
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	525	75	450	4.8	1.3	8.5
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Personal, protective and transportation services	495	345	150	4.5	6.1	2.8
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	210	85	120	1.9	1.5	2.3
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	65	55	10	0.6	1.0	0.2
49. Transportation and materials moving	225	210	10	2.1	3.7	0.2
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	7,250	3,765	3,485	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	3,645	1,880	1,765	50.3	49.9	50.6
Education	340	80	270	4.7	2.1	7.7
13. Education	340	80	270	4.7	2.1	7.7
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	125	70	55	1.7	1.9	1.6
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	30	20	0	0.4	0.5	0.0
50. Visual and performing arts	100	40	55	1.4	1.1	1.6
Humanities	180	95	85	2.5	2.5	2.4
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.3
23. English language and literature/letters	25	10	20	0.3	0.3	0.6
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	105	55	50	1.4	1.5	1.4
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
54. History	30	25	0	0.4	0.7	0.0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	280	70	210	3.9	1.9	6.0
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	80	0	80	1.1	0.0	2.3
22. Legal professions and studies	35	15	20	0.5	0.4	0.6
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
42. Psychology	40	10	30	0.6	0.3	0.9
45. Social sciences	115	45	75	1.6	1.2	2.2
Business, management and public administration	655	210	450	9.0	5.6	12.9
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	80	10	70	1.1	0.3	2.0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	575	200	375	7.9	5.3	10.8
Physical and life sciences and technologies	130	70	65	1.8	1.9	1.9
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	65	25	45	0.9	0.7	1.3
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	35	15	20	0.5	0.4	0.6
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
40. Physical sciences	25	25	0	0.3	0.7	0.0
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	75	55	20	1.0	1.5	0.6
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	50	35	15	0.7	0.9	0.4
25. Library science	20	20	0	0.3	0.5	0.0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	860	810	45	11.9	21.5	1.3
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
14. Engineering	70	75	0	1.0	2.0	0.0
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	145	130	15	2.0	3.5	0.4
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	310	305	10	4.3	8.1	0.3
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	205	195	10	2.8	5.2	0.3
48. Precision production	125	115	10	1.7	3.1	0.3
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	100	25	75	1.4	0.7	2.2
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	30	0	25	0.4	0.0	0.7
03. Natural resources and conservation	70	25	45	1.0	0.7	1.3
Health and related fields	440	95	345	6.1	2.5	9.9
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	35	25	10	0.5	0.7	0.3
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	400	70	330	5.5	1.9	9.5
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Personal, protective and transportation services	405	300	105	5.6	8.0	3.0
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	150	70	80	2.1	1.9	2.3
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	55	50	10	0.8	1.3	0.3
49. Transportation and materials moving	195	180	15	2.7	4.8	0.4
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	7,250	3,765	3,485	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	3,645	1,880	1,765	50.3	49.9	50.6
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	3,605	1,885	1,720	49.7	50.1	49.4
Location of study inside Canada	3,195	1,695	1,500	44.1	45.0	43.0
Same as province or territory of residence	2,665	1,420	1,240	36.8	37.7	35.6
Different than province or territory of residence	535	275	260	7.4	7.3	7.5
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	410	190	220	5.7	5.0	6.3
Americas	75	20	50	1.0	0.5	1.4
United States of America	60	20	40	0.8	0.5	1.1
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Europe	70	40	30	1.0	1.1	0.9
Belgium	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Switzerland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	20	15	10	0.3	0.4	0.3
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Europe	15	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.3
Africa	35	20	15	0.5	0.5	0.4
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	25	15	15	0.3	0.4	0.4
Other locations of study in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asia	215	100	115	3.0	2.7	3.3
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	70	30	40	1.0	0.8	1.1
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	125	65	60	1.7	1.7	1.7
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.3
Australia	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.3
New Zealand	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	10,960	5,665	5,295	...	...	...
In the labour force	7,255	3,945	3,315	...	...	...
Employed	6,550	3,555	2,995	...	...	...
Unemployed	710	390	320	...	...	...
Not in the labour force	3,700	1,720	1,980	...	...	...
Participation rate	66.2	69.6	62.6	66.2	69.6	62.6
Employment rate	59.8	62.8	56.6	59.8	62.8	56.6
Unemployment rate	9.8	9.9	9.7	9.8	9.9	9.7
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	10,960	5,665	5,300	100.0	100.0	100.0
Did not work¹⁸⁶	3,830	1,840	1,995	34.9	32.5	37.6
Worked	7,135	3,825	3,305	65.1	67.5	62.4
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	3,660	2,140	1,525	33.4	37.8	28.8
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	3,465	1,690	1,780	31.6	29.8	33.6
Average weeks worked in reference year	40.5	41.3	39.5	40.5	41.3	39.5
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	7,260	3,945	3,315	100.0	100.0	100.0
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	200	105	100	2.8	2.7	3.0
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	7,060	3,840	3,220	97.2	97.3	97.1
Employee	6,250	3,345	2,900	86.1	84.8	87.5
Permanent position	4,985	2,695	2,295	68.7	68.3	69.2
Temporary position	1,265	650	610	17.4	16.5	18.4
Fixed term (1 year or more)	320	145	175	4.4	3.7	5.3
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	940	505	435	12.9	12.8	13.1
Self-employed¹⁹²	805	495	315	11.1	12.5	9.5
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	7,260	3,945	3,315	100.0	100.0	100.0
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	200	105	100	2.8	2.7	3.0
All occupations¹⁹¹	7,060	3,840	3,220	97.2	97.3	97.1
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	75	55	15	1.0	1.4	0.5
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	885	185	700	12.2	4.7	21.1
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	315	225	85	4.3	5.7	2.6
3 Health occupations	430	70	360	5.9	1.8	10.9
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	875	295	575	12.1	7.5	17.3
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	160	50	115	2.2	1.3	3.5
6 Sales and service occupations	1,665	695	970	22.9	17.6	29.3
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	2,060	1,800	255	28.4	45.6	7.7
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	295	235	60	4.1	6.0	1.8
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	300	220	80	4.1	5.6	2.4
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	7,260	3,945	3,315	100.0	100.0	100.0
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	200	105	100	2.8	2.7	3.0
All industries¹⁹¹	7,060	3,840	3,220	97.2	97.3	97.1
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	365	300	60	5.0	7.6	1.8
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	55	40	15	0.8	1.0	0.5
22 Utilities	50	45	0	0.7	1.1	0.0
23 Construction	430	385	45	5.9	9.8	1.4
31-33 Manufacturing	180	120	65	2.5	3.0	2.0
41 Wholesale trade	75	50	25	1.0	1.3	0.8
44-45 Retail trade	835	420	420	11.5	10.6	12.7
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	1,595	1,200	400	22.0	30.4	12.1
51 Information and cultural industries	105	40	60	1.4	1.0	1.8
52 Finance and insurance	165	45	120	2.3	1.1	3.6
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	70	30	40	1.0	0.8	1.2
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	220	105	115	3.0	2.7	3.5
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	265	150	120	3.7	3.8	3.6
61 Educational services	540	130	410	7.4	3.3	12.4
62 Health care and social assistance	680	75	605	9.4	1.9	18.3
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	145	45	95	2.0	1.1	2.9
72 Accommodation and food services	490	220	270	6.7	5.6	8.1
81 Other services (except public administration)	250	130	125	3.4	3.3	3.8
91 Public administration	555	315	240	7.6	8.0	7.2
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	7,830	4,235	3,590	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	7,460	4,065	3,400	95.3	96.0	94.7
French	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.3
Non-official language	125	65	55	1.6	1.5	1.5
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	125	65	55	1.6	1.5	1.5
English and French	55	20	30	0.7	0.5	0.8
English and non-official language(s)	180	85	100	2.3	2.0	2.8
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	7,830	4,235	3,590	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	7,780	4,210	3,570	99.4	99.4	99.4
Official languages	7,625	4,135	3,485	97.4	97.6	97.1
English	7,595	4,125	3,470	97.0	97.4	96.7
French	30	10	20	0.4	0.2	0.6
Non-official languages	160	75	80	2.0	1.8	2.2
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	160	75	80	2.0	1.8	2.2
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	130	70	60	1.7	1.7	1.7
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	130	70	60	1.7	1.7	1.7
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	20	0	15	0.3	0.0	0.4
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	50	25	20	0.6	0.6	0.6
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	45	25	15	0.6	0.6	0.4
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	7,830	4,235	3,590	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	7,645	4,155	3,485	97.6	98.1	97.1
English	50	15	35	0.6	0.4	1.0
French	25	10	15	0.3	0.2	0.4
Non-official language	100	50	50	1.3	1.2	1.4
Indigenous³⁹	15	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.3
Non-Indigenous	80	45	35	1.0	1.1	1.0
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	10	0	0.0	0.2	0.0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	6,550	3,560	2,995	100.0	100.0	100.0
Worked at home	525	240	290	8.0	6.7	9.7
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
No fixed workplace address	1,025	735	290	15.6	20.6	9.7
Usual place of work	4,990	2,585	2,415	76.2	72.6	80.6
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	4,995	2,585	2,415	100.0	100.0	100.0
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	4,225	2,190	2,035	84.6	84.7	84.3
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	310	170	145	6.2	6.6	6.0
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	440	220	220	8.8	8.5	9.1
Commute to a different province or territory	20	0	15	0.4	0.0	0.6
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	6,020	3,315	2,705	100.0	100.0	100.0
Car, truck or van	5,125	2,885	2,240	85.1	87.0	82.8
Car, truck or van - as a driver	4,505	2,600	1,905	74.8	78.4	70.4
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	625	285	340	10.4	8.6	12.6
Public transit	125	50	75	2.1	1.5	2.8
Walked	625	290	340	10.4	8.7	12.6
Bicycle	50	30	15	0.8	0.9	0.6
Other method	95	55	40	1.6	1.7	1.5
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	6,020	3,315	2,705	100.0	100.0	100.0
Less than 15 minutes	4,210	2,100	2,115	69.9	63.3	78.2
15 to 29 minutes	1,495	1,005	495	24.8	30.3	18.3
30 to 44 minutes	210	145	65	3.5	4.4	2.4
45 to 59 minutes	30	15	10	0.5	0.5	0.4
60 minutes and over	70	45	25	1.2	1.4	0.9
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	6,020	3,315	2,705	100.0	100.0	100.0
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	350	280	70	5.8	8.4	2.6
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	625	355	275	10.4	10.7	10.2
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	1,660	1,045	620	27.6	31.5	22.9
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	1,720	700	1,020	28.6	21.1	37.7
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	755	355	400	12.5	10.7	14.8
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	910	590	320	15.1	17.8	11.8
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	2,855	1,480	1,375	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	160	75	85	5.6	5.1	6.2
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	2,695	1,400	1,295	94.4	94.6	94.2
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	2,070	1,045	1,025	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	130	60	70	6.3	5.7	6.8
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	40	20	15	1.9	1.9	1.5
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	90	35	55	4.3	3.3	5.4
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	1,935	985	955	93.5	94.3	93.2

Symbol legend

...
not applicable
^r
revised

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 30, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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