Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	Port AlberniMore information: British Columbia [Census agglomeration]
	Counts			Rates
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	25,786	...	...	...	...	...
Population, 2016¹	24,669^r	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	4.5	...	...	4.5	...	...
Total private dwellings²	12,682	...	...	...	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	11,714	...	...	...	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	15.8	...	...	15.8	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	1,633.13	...	...	...	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	25,785	12,690	13,095	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	3,595	1,780	1,815	13.9	14.0	13.9
0 to 4 years	1,000	515	490	3.9	4.1	3.7
5 to 9 years	1,270	615	650	4.9	4.8	5.0
10 to 14 years	1,330	650	675	5.2	5.1	5.2
15 to 64 years	15,190	7,510	7,680	58.9	59.2	58.6
15 to 19 years	1,245	635	605	4.8	5.0	4.6
20 to 24 years	1,045	525	520	4.1	4.1	4.0
25 to 29 years	1,245	635	610	4.8	5.0	4.7
30 to 34 years	1,415	685	730	5.5	5.4	5.6
35 to 39 years	1,445	720	725	5.6	5.7	5.5
40 to 44 years	1,400	700	695	5.4	5.5	5.3
45 to 49 years	1,425	670	755	5.5	5.3	5.8
50 to 54 years	1,605	795	810	6.2	6.3	6.2
55 to 59 years	2,070	990	1,080	8.0	7.8	8.2
60 to 64 years	2,305	1,150	1,150	8.9	9.1	8.8
65 years and over	7,000	3,410	3,595	27.1	26.9	27.5
65 to 69 years	2,220	1,075	1,145	8.6	8.5	8.7
70 to 74 years	1,885	965	915	7.3	7.6	7.0
75 to 79 years	1,345	655	690	5.2	5.2	5.3
80 to 84 years	805	375	430	3.1	3.0	3.3
85 years and over	745	330	415	2.9	2.6	3.2
85 to 89 years	490	235	255	1.9	1.9	1.9
90 to 94 years	195	80	115	0.8	0.6	0.9
95 to 99 years	55	10	35	0.2	0.1	0.3
100 years and over	5	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	13.9	14.0	13.9	13.9	14.0	13.9
15 to 64 years	58.9	59.2	58.6	58.9	59.2	58.6
65 years and over	27.1	26.9	27.5	27.1	26.9	27.5
85 years and over	2.9	2.6	3.2	2.9	2.6	3.2
Average age of the population	46.8	46.5	47.1	46.8	46.5	47.1
Median age of the population	50.0	50.0	50.4	50.0	50.0	50.4
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	11,715	...	...	100.0	...	...
Single-detached house	8,495	...	...	72.5	...	...
Semi-detached house	305	...	...	2.6	...	...
Row house	515	...	...	4.4	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	435	...	...	3.7	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	1,310	...	...	11.2	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	140	...	...	1.2	...	...
Other single-attached house	20	...	...	0.2	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	495	...	...	4.2	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	11,710	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 person	3,870	...	...	33.0	...	...
2 persons	4,655	...	...	39.8	...	...
3 persons	1,525	...	...	13.0	...	...
4 persons	1,095	...	...	9.4	...	...
5 or more persons	580	...	...	5.0	...	...
Number of persons in private households	25,380	12,490	12,885	100.0	100.0	100.0
Average household size	2.2	...	...	2.2	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	22,190	10,910	11,280	100.0	100.0	100.0
Married or living common-law	12,485	6,240	6,250	56.3	57.2	55.4
Married	9,630	4,805	4,825	43.4	44.0	42.8
Living common-law	2,855	1,430	1,425	12.9	13.1	12.6
Living common law - Never married	1,925	965	955	8.7	8.8	8.5
Living common law - Separated	140	60	75	0.6	0.5	0.7
Living common law - Divorced	695	355	335	3.1	3.3	3.0
Living common law - Widowed	100	45	60	0.5	0.4	0.5
Not married and not living common-law	9,705	4,675	5,025	43.7	42.9	44.5
Not married and not living common law - Never married	5,425	3,055	2,375	24.4	28.0	21.1
Not married and not living common law - Separated	690	310	385	3.1	2.8	3.4
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	1,960	905	1,055	8.8	8.3	9.4
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	1,625	405	1,220	7.3	3.7	10.8
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	7,500	...	...	100.0	...	...
2 persons	4,750	...	...	63.3	...	...
3 persons	1,390	...	...	18.5	...	...
4 persons	965	...	...	12.9	...	...
5 or more persons	385	...	...	5.1	...	...
Average size of census families	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.7	...	...	1.7	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	7,495	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total couple families	6,105	...	...	81.5	...	...
Married couples	4,680	...	...	62.4	...	...
With children⁶	1,660	...	...	22.1	...	...
Without children	3,020	...	...	40.3	...	...
Common-law couples	1,430	...	...	19.1	...	...
With children⁶	565	...	...	7.5	...	...
Without children	865	...	...	11.5	...	...
Total one-parent families	1,390	...	...	18.5	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	1,035	...	...	13.8	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	355	...	...	4.7	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	25,380	12,490	12,885	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total - Persons in census families	19,615	9,635	9,975	77.3	77.1	77.4
Married spouses or common-law partners	12,215	6,100	6,110	48.1	48.8	47.4
Parents in one-parent families	1,395	355	1,035	5.5	2.8	8.0
Children⁶	6,015	3,180	2,830	23.7	25.5	22.0
In a two-parent family	3,910	2,020	1,885	15.4	16.2	14.6
In a one-parent family	2,105	1,155	950	8.3	9.2	7.4
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	5,765	2,855	2,910	22.7	22.9	22.6
Living alone	3,865	1,880	1,990	15.2	15.1	15.4
Living with other relatives⁷	675	265	405	2.7	2.1	3.1
Living with non-relatives only	1,220	710	510	4.8	5.7	4.0
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	11,715	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	6,625	...	...	56.6	...	...
Couple-family households	5,545	...	...	47.3	...	...
With children⁶	1,985	...	...	16.9	...	...
Without children	3,560	...	...	30.4	...	...
One-parent-family households	1,075	...	...	9.2	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	250	...	...	2.1	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	60	...	...	0.5	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	395	...	...	3.4	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	515	...	...	4.4	...	...
One-person households	3,865	...	...	33.0	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	21,790	10,715	11,075	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	21,245	10,465	10,780	97.5	97.7	97.3
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	36,800	41,600	32,400	36,800	41,600	32,400
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	21,255	10,470	10,785	97.5	97.7	97.4
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	34,400	38,400	30,400	34,400	38,400	30,400
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	18,035	9,070	8,965	82.8	84.6	80.9
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	28,000	33,600	22,800	28,000	33,600	22,800
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	12,660	6,445	6,215	58.1	60.1	56.1
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	32,800	39,600	28,400	32,800	39,600	28,400
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	18,920	9,085	9,835	86.8	84.8	88.8
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	14,200	15,000	13,700	14,200	15,000	13,700
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	2,375	1,290	1,085	10.9	12.0	9.8
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,480	5,520	5,320	5,480	5,520	5,320
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	5,130	2,520	2,610	23.5	23.5	23.6
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	21,790	10,715	11,075	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	21,240	10,440	10,800	97.5	97.4	97.5
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	44,640	51,200	38,360	44,640	51,200	38,360
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	21,240	10,440	10,800	97.5	97.4	97.5
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	39,480	44,440	34,760	39,480	44,440	34,760
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	18,150	9,145	9,005	83.3	85.3	81.3
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	37,960	45,120	30,720	37,960	45,120	30,720
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	12,655	6,440	6,215	58.1	60.1	56.1
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	41,000	47,760	34,000	41,000	47,760	34,000
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	18,895	9,025	9,865	86.7	84.2	89.1
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	13,720	13,500	13,940	13,720	13,500	13,940
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	2,435	1,285	1,145	11.2	12.0	10.3
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,530	6,680	6,370	6,530	6,680	6,370
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	5,160	2,425	2,730	23.7	22.6	24.7
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	9,030	8,630	9,390	9,030	8,630	9,390
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	21,790	10,715	11,075	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	5,115	2,790	2,325	23.5	26.0	21.0
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	57,600	65,000	51,200	57,600	65,000	51,200
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	63,650	71,300	54,400	63,650	71,300	54,400
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	5,650	2,660	2,995	25.9	24.8	27.0
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	20,400	24,600	17,200	20,400	24,600	17,200
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	29,000	35,200	23,500	29,000	35,200	23,500
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	72.6	77.2	66.8	72.6	77.2	66.8
Employment income (%)¹⁹	54.7	57.6	51.1	54.7	57.6	51.1
Government transfers (%)²⁰	27.4	22.8	33.2	27.4	22.8	33.2
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.7	1.6	1.8	1.7	1.6	1.8
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	6.4	5.0	8.1	6.4	5.0	8.1
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	4.9	3.9	6.2	4.9	3.9	6.2
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	21,790	10,715	11,075	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without total income	540	250	295	2.5	2.3	2.7
With total income	21,250	10,465	10,780	97.5	97.7	97.3
Under $10,000 (including loss)	1,645	645	1,000	7.7	6.2	9.3
$10,000 to $19,999	2,970	1,145	1,820	14.0	10.9	16.9
$20,000 to $29,999	3,770	1,615	2,150	17.7	15.4	19.9
$30,000 to $39,999	3,295	1,630	1,670	15.5	15.6	15.5
$40,000 to $49,999	2,580	1,250	1,330	12.1	11.9	12.3
$50,000 to $59,999	1,960	990	970	9.2	9.5	9.0
$60,000 to $69,999	1,465	820	640	6.9	7.8	5.9
$70,000 to $79,999	1,030	640	395	4.8	6.1	3.7
$80,000 to $89,999	785	510	275	3.7	4.9	2.6
$90,000 to $99,999	525	330	190	2.5	3.2	1.8
$100,000 and over	1,235	895	335	5.8	8.6	3.1
$100,000 to $149,999	960	685	275	4.5	6.5	2.6
$150,000 and over	275	210	60	1.3	2.0	0.6
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	21,790	10,715	11,075	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without after-tax income	535	250	285	2.5	2.3	2.6
With after-tax income	21,255	10,470	10,785	97.5	97.7	97.4
Under $10,000 (including loss)	1,710	660	1,045	8.0	6.3	9.7
$10,000 to $19,999	3,105	1,200	1,905	14.6	11.5	17.7
$20,000 to $29,999	4,165	1,805	2,360	19.6	17.2	21.9
$30,000 to $39,999	3,690	1,840	1,855	17.4	17.6	17.2
$40,000 to $49,999	2,795	1,390	1,410	13.1	13.3	13.1
$50,000 to $59,999	2,035	1,120	920	9.6	10.7	8.5
$60,000 to $69,999	1,385	865	520	6.5	8.3	4.8
$70,000 to $79,999	895	560	335	4.2	5.3	3.1
$80,000 to $89,999	575	395	180	2.7	3.8	1.7
$90,000 to $99,999	325	215	110	1.5	2.1	1.0
$100,000 and over	560	415	150	2.6	4.0	1.4
$100,000 to $124,999	365	270	90	1.7	2.6	0.8
$125,000 and over	200	145	55	0.9	1.4	0.5
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	21,790	10,715	11,075	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without employment income	9,135	4,270	4,860	41.9	39.9	43.9
With employment income	12,655	6,440	6,210	58.1	60.1	56.1
Under $5,000 (including loss)	1,960	915	1,045	15.5	14.2	16.8
$5,000 to $9,999	1,055	450	605	8.3	7.0	9.7
$10,000 to $19,999	1,540	700	845	12.2	10.9	13.6
$20,000 to $29,999	1,370	630	740	10.8	9.8	11.9
$30,000 to $39,999	1,315	555	760	10.4	8.6	12.2
$40,000 to $49,999	1,125	500	630	8.9	7.8	10.1
$50,000 to $59,999	1,090	565	525	8.6	8.8	8.5
$60,000 to $69,999	795	480	310	6.3	7.5	5.0
$70,000 to $79,999	670	440	235	5.3	6.8	3.8
$80,000 to $89,999	495	325	170	3.9	5.0	2.7
$90,000 to $99,999	365	230	140	2.9	3.6	2.3
$100,000 and over	865	660	210	6.8	10.2	3.4
$100,000 to $124,999	510	370	140	4.0	5.7	2.3
$125,000 and over	355	290	65	2.8	4.5	1.0
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	21,790	10,715	11,075	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	20,750	10,205	10,545	95.2	95.2	95.2
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	34,000	40,400	28,400	34,000	40,400	28,400
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	20,800	10,210	10,585	95.5	95.3	95.6
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	31,200	36,800	26,400	31,200	36,800	26,400
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	17,940	9,030	8,910	82.3	84.3	80.5
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	29,400	36,000	23,800	29,400	36,000	23,800
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	14,170	7,320	6,850	65.0	68.3	61.9
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	29,400	35,600	25,000	29,400	35,600	25,000
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	16,310	7,545	8,770	74.9	70.4	79.2
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	12,000	13,600	10,800	12,000	13,600	10,800
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	2,070	1,160	910	9.5	10.8	8.2
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	5,240	5,120	5,320	5,240	5,120	5,320
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	21,790	10,715	11,075	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	20,740	10,200	10,545	95.2	95.2	95.2
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	42,640	50,200	35,320	42,640	50,200	35,320
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	20,785	10,205	10,580	95.4	95.2	95.5
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	37,080	42,960	31,400	37,080	42,960	31,400
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	18,030	9,090	8,945	82.7	84.8	80.8
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	38,960	46,720	31,080	38,960	46,720	31,080
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	14,210	7,350	6,860	65.2	68.6	61.9
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	37,600	43,640	31,160	37,600	43,640	31,160
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	16,075	7,445	8,635	73.8	69.5	78.0
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	11,300	11,720	10,940	11,300	11,720	10,940
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	2,065	1,145	920	9.5	10.7	8.3
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,470	6,320	6,660	6,470	6,320	6,660
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	21,790	10,715	11,075	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	5,110	2,780	2,330	23.5	25.9	21.0
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	54,400	62,400	47,600	54,400	62,400	47,600
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	60,650	68,900	50,840	60,650	68,900	50,840
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	5,335	2,480	2,855	24.5	23.1	25.8
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	25,400	32,400	20,800	25,400	32,400	20,800
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	33,280	41,080	26,480	33,280	41,080	26,480
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	79.4	83.0	74.6	79.4	83.0	74.6
Employment income (%)	60.4	62.6	57.4	60.4	62.6	57.4
Government transfers (%)	20.6	17.0	25.4	20.6	17.0	25.4
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.5	1.4	1.7	1.5	1.4	1.7
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	11,710	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	67,000	...	...	67,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	61,200	...	...	61,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	3,865	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	35,200	...	...	35,200	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	33,200	...	...	33,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	7,850	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	87,000	...	...	87,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	79,000	...	...	79,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	11,710	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	81,000	...	...	81,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	71,600	...	...	71,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	3,875	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	44,840	...	...	44,840	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	39,520	...	...	39,520	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	7,840	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	98,800	...	...	98,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	87,500	...	...	87,500	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	11,710	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	90	...	...	0.8	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	60	...	...	0.5	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	95	...	...	0.8	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	405	...	...	3.5	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	670	...	...	5.7	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	500	...	...	4.3	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	475	...	...	4.1	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	610	...	...	5.2	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	610	...	...	5.2	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	550	...	...	4.7	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	1,145	...	...	9.8	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	920	...	...	7.9	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	830	...	...	7.1	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	755	...	...	6.4	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	675	...	...	5.8	...	...
$100,000 and over	3,315	...	...	28.3	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,255	...	...	10.7	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	830	...	...	7.1	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	820	...	...	7.0	...	...
$200,000 and over	410	...	...	3.5	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	11,710	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	100	...	...	0.9	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	65	...	...	0.6	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	100	...	...	0.9	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	420	...	...	3.6	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	690	...	...	5.9	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	560	...	...	4.8	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	575	...	...	4.9	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	670	...	...	5.7	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	650	...	...	5.6	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	640	...	...	5.5	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	1,240	...	...	10.6	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	1,015	...	...	8.7	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	945	...	...	8.1	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	820	...	...	7.0	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	690	...	...	5.9	...	...
$100,000 and over	2,540	...	...	21.7	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,165	...	...	9.9	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	675	...	...	5.8	...	...
$150,000 and over	695	...	...	5.9	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	7,460	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	86,000	...	...	86,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	78,500	...	...	78,500	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	3,650	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	78,000	...	...	78,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	71,500	...	...	71,500	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	2,250	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	119,000	...	...	119,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	105,000	...	...	105,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	3.9	...	...	3.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	1,300	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	61,200	...	...	61,200	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	58,000	...	...	58,000	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	5,090	2,585	2,500	...	...	...
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	34,000	35,600	32,800	34,000	35,600	32,800
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	32,400	33,200	31,000	32,400	33,200	31,000
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	7,450	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	98,200	...	...	98,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	86,800	...	...	86,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	3,645	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	88,700	...	...	88,700	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	78,200	...	...	78,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	2,285	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	129,600	...	...	129,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	112,800	...	...	112,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,275	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	67,600	...	...	67,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	63,100	...	...	63,100	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	5,075	2,520	2,555	...	...	...
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	42,800	46,560	39,120	42,800	46,560	39,120
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	37,880	40,320	35,480	37,880	40,320	35,480
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	25,375	12,495	12,885	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	4,370	2,165	2,205	17.2	17.3	17.1
0 to 5 years	1,245	630	615	4.9	5.0	4.8
18 to 64 years	14,255	7,015	7,240	56.2	56.1	56.2
65 years and over	6,750	3,310	3,440	26.6	26.5	26.7
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	3,450	1,595	1,855	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	740	390	350	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	215	120	95	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	1,715	815	900	...	...	...
65 years and over	1,000	385	610	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	13.6	12.8	14.4	13.6	12.8	14.4
0 to 17 years (%)	17.0	18.1	15.9	17.0	18.1	15.9
0 to 5 years (%)	17.2	18.8	15.6	17.2	18.8	15.6
18 to 64 years (%)	12.0	11.6	12.4	12.0	11.6	12.4
65 years and over (%)	14.8	11.7	17.7	14.8	11.7	17.7
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	24,620	12,130	12,490	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	4,175	2,070	2,105	17.0	17.1	16.9
0 to 5 years	1,195	605	585	4.9	5.0	4.7
18 to 64 years	13,800	6,795	7,000	56.1	56.0	56.0
65 years and over	6,645	3,260	3,380	27.0	26.9	27.1
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	725	370	355	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	155	80	75	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	35	25	15	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	485	255	230	...	...	...
65 years and over	85	35	50	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	2.9	3.0	2.8	2.9	3.0	2.8
0 to 17 years (%)	3.8	3.8	3.7	3.8	3.8	3.7
0 to 5 years (%)	3.0	3.4	2.4	3.0	3.4	2.4
18 to 64 years (%)	3.5	3.8	3.2	3.5	3.8	3.2
65 years and over (%)	1.3	1.1	1.5	1.3	1.1	1.5
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	25,380	12,495	12,885	100.0	100.0	100.0
In bottom half of the distribution	15,195	7,350	7,845	59.9	58.8	60.9
In bottom decile	3,120	1,500	1,625	12.3	12.0	12.6
In second decile	3,180	1,505	1,670	12.5	12.0	13.0
In third decile	3,285	1,570	1,710	12.9	12.6	13.3
In fourth decile	2,925	1,440	1,480	11.5	11.5	11.5
In fifth decile	2,690	1,335	1,350	10.6	10.7	10.5
In top half of the distribution	10,180	5,140	5,040	40.1	41.1	39.1
In sixth decile	2,520	1,245	1,280	9.9	10.0	9.9
In seventh decile	2,315	1,160	1,160	9.1	9.3	9.0
In eighth decile	2,215	1,120	1,100	8.7	9.0	8.5
In ninth decile	1,955	995	955	7.7	8.0	7.4
In top decile	1,175	625	550	4.6	5.0	4.3
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	25,380	...	...	25,380	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.297	...	...	0.297	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.461	...	...	0.461	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.267	...	...	0.267	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.5	...	...	3.5	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	25,565	12,600	12,960	100.0	100.0	100.0
English only	24,085	11,945	12,140	94.2	94.8	93.7
French only	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and French	1,420	640	780	5.6	5.1	6.0
Neither English nor French	55	15	35	0.2	0.1	0.3
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	25,565	12,600	12,960	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	25,200	12,430	12,775	98.6	98.7	98.6
French	300	155	150	1.2	1.2	1.2
English and French	15	5	5	0.1	0.0	0.0
Neither English nor French	45	10	35	0.2	0.1	0.3
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	25,565	12,600	12,960	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	25,225	12,440	12,785	98.7	98.7	98.6
Official languages	23,545	11,675	11,865	92.1	92.7	91.6
English	23,170	11,490	11,680	90.6	91.2	90.1
French	375	190	185	1.5	1.5	1.4
Non-official languages	1,680	765	915	6.6	6.1	7.1
Indigenous languages³⁹	65	25	35	0.3	0.2	0.3
Algonquian languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	35	20	25	0.1	0.2	0.2
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	35	20	20	0.1	0.2	0.2
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	1,620	740	880	6.3	5.9	6.8
Afro-Asiatic languages	15	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	15	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	25	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	25	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	85	30	60	0.3	0.2	0.5
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	70	30	45	0.3	0.2	0.3
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	1,205	555	650	4.7	4.4	5.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	165	65	105	0.6	0.5	0.8
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	160	60	105	0.6	0.5	0.8
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	20	5	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Russian	25	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	60	20	40	0.2	0.2	0.3
Bosnian	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	50	20	30	0.2	0.2	0.2
Serbian	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Ukrainian	20	5	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	555	265	285	2.2	2.1	2.2
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	275	130	145	1.1	1.0	1.1
German	265	125	140	1.0	1.0	1.1
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	220	105	115	0.9	0.8	0.9
Afrikaans	35	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Dutch	180	85	95	0.7	0.7	0.7
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	60	35	25	0.2	0.3	0.2
Danish	35	20	15	0.1	0.2	0.1
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	15	5	5	0.1	0.0	0.0
Swedish	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	260	135	120	1.0	1.1	0.9
Indo-Aryan languages	250	130	120	1.0	1.0	0.9
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	15	5	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	220	115	105	0.9	0.9	0.8
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	215	85	130	0.8	0.7	1.0
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	120	55	65	0.5	0.4	0.5
Portuguese	15	5	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	80	30	50	0.3	0.2	0.4
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	20	5	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Korean	60	30	30	0.2	0.2	0.2
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	85	35	50	0.3	0.3	0.4
Chinese languages	85	35	50	0.3	0.3	0.4
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	40	15	20	0.2	0.1	0.2
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	40	15	25	0.2	0.1	0.2
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	80	35	40	0.3	0.3	0.3
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	25	5	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Hungarian	50	25	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	335	160	180	1.3	1.3	1.4
English and French	85	45	45	0.3	0.4	0.3
English and non-official language(s)	230	105	120	0.9	0.8	0.9
French and non-official language(s)	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	15	5	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	25,565	12,600	12,960	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	24,070	11,920	12,150	94.2	94.6	93.8
French	45	20	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
Non-official language	265	125	145	1.0	1.0	1.1
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	265	125	145	1.0	1.0	1.1
English and French	205	85	120	0.8	0.7	0.9
English and non-official language(s)	925	430	495	3.6	3.4	3.8
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	35	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Multiple non-official languages	20	5	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	25,565	12,600	12,960	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	25,400	12,530	12,875	99.4	99.4	99.3
Official languages	24,880	12,275	12,600	97.3	97.4	97.2
English	24,815	12,250	12,570	97.1	97.2	97.0
French	65	30	30	0.3	0.2	0.2
Non-official languages	525	250	275	2.1	2.0	2.1
Indigenous languages³⁹	15	5	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	510	245	265	2.0	1.9	2.0
Afro-Asiatic languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	30	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	315	145	170	1.2	1.2	1.3
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	35	20	20	0.1	0.2	0.2
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	35	20	20	0.1	0.2	0.2
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	15	5	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	10	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	50	25	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	35	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Afrikaans	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Dutch	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	160	80	75	0.6	0.6	0.6
Indo-Aryan languages	155	75	75	0.6	0.6	0.6
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	145	70	70	0.6	0.6	0.5
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	70	25	45	0.3	0.2	0.3
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	20	5	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Portuguese	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Romanian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	35	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.2
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	50	25	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	45	25	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
Chinese languages	45	25	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	15	5	5	0.1	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	10	10	5	0.0	0.1	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	160	70	85	0.6	0.6	0.7
English and French	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
English and non-official language(s)	135	65	70	0.5	0.5	0.5
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	25,560	12,600	12,960	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	24,525	12,130	12,400	96.0	96.3	95.7
English	235	110	120	0.9	0.9	0.9
French	170	65	100	0.7	0.5	0.8
Non-official language	545	240	300	2.1	1.9	2.3
Indigenous³⁹	65	30	35	0.3	0.2	0.3
Non-Indigenous	475	215	265	1.9	1.7	2.0
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
French and non-official language(s)	30	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	45	20	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	25,375	12,495	12,885	100.0	100.0	100.0
Official languages	25,330	12,480	12,850	99.8	99.9	99.7
English	25,325	12,480	12,845	99.8	99.9	99.7
French	1,380	650	735	5.4	5.2	5.7
Non-official languages	2,535	1,150	1,385	10.0	9.2	10.7
Indigenous languages³⁹	215	85	130	0.8	0.7	1.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	25	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	25	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	170	70	105	0.7	0.6	0.8
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	165	60	95	0.7	0.5	0.7
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	2,330	1,060	1,265	9.2	8.5	9.8
Afro-Asiatic languages	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	65	40	30	0.3	0.3	0.2
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	65	40	30	0.3	0.3	0.2
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	85	25	55	0.3	0.2	0.4
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	50	15	40	0.2	0.1	0.3
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	45	25	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	20	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	1,815	825	990	7.2	6.6	7.7
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	165	60	105	0.7	0.5	0.8
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	165	60	105	0.7	0.5	0.8
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	20	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	80	30	55	0.3	0.2	0.4
Bosnian	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Croatian	75	30	45	0.3	0.2	0.3
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Slovene (Slovenian)	25	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.2
Ukrainian	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	770	365	410	3.0	2.9	3.2
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	385	165	225	1.5	1.3	1.7
German	380	155	225	1.5	1.2	1.7
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	335	170	165	1.3	1.4	1.3
Afrikaans	110	65	40	0.4	0.5	0.3
Dutch	225	100	120	0.9	0.8	0.9
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Scandinavian languages	75	40	35	0.3	0.3	0.3
Danish	50	35	15	0.2	0.3	0.1
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	335	170	165	1.3	1.4	1.3
Indo-Aryan languages	320	160	160	1.3	1.3	1.2
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	120	65	55	0.5	0.5	0.4
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	245	125	120	1.0	1.0	0.9
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	545	230	315	2.1	1.8	2.4
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	185	70	105	0.7	0.6	0.8
Portuguese	40	0	35	0.2	0.0	0.3
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	335	165	175	1.3	1.3	1.4
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	65	25	40	0.3	0.2	0.3
Korean	60	20	30	0.2	0.2	0.2
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	20	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	50	15	35	0.2	0.1	0.3
American Sign Language	50	15	35	0.2	0.1	0.3
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	85	50	35	0.3	0.4	0.3
Chinese languages	85	50	35	0.3	0.4	0.3
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	40	25	15	0.2	0.2	0.1
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	55	25	30	0.2	0.2	0.2
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	85	35	45	0.3	0.3	0.3
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	30	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Hungarian	55	25	30	0.2	0.2	0.2
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	25,375	12,495	12,885	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	4,260	1,985	2,270	16.8	15.9	17.6
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	4,175	1,955	2,220	16.5	15.6	17.2
First Nations (North American Indian)	2,980	1,365	1,615	11.7	10.9	12.5
Métis	1,180	580	605	4.7	4.6	4.7
Inuk (Inuit)	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	50	20	30	0.2	0.2	0.2
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Non-Indigenous identity	21,120	10,505	10,615	83.2	84.1	82.4
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	25,375	12,495	12,885	100.0	100.0	100.0
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	2,525	1,160	1,365	10.0	9.3	10.6
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	22,850	11,325	11,520	90.0	90.6	89.4
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	11,710	...	...	100.0	...	...
Owner	8,605	...	...	73.5	...	...
Renter	3,035	...	...	25.9	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	80	...	...	0.7	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	11,710	...	...	100.0	...	...
Condominium	635	...	...	5.4	...	...
Not condominium	11,080	...	...	94.6	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	11,710	...	...	100.0	...	...
No bedrooms	75	...	...	0.6	...	...
1 bedroom	1,265	...	...	10.8	...	...
2 bedrooms	2,855	...	...	24.4	...	...
3 bedrooms	4,240	...	...	36.2	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	3,280	...	...	28.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	11,710	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	2,785	...	...	23.8	...	...
5 rooms	1,920	...	...	16.4	...	...
6 rooms	1,785	...	...	15.2	...	...
7 rooms	1,410	...	...	12.0	...	...
8 or more rooms	3,815	...	...	32.6	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.5	...	...	6.5	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	11,710	...	...	100.0	...	...
One person or fewer per room	11,610	...	...	99.1	...	...
More than one person per room	105	...	...	0.9	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	11,710	...	...	100.0	...	...
Suitable	11,325	...	...	96.7	...	...
Not suitable	390	...	...	3.3	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	11,710	...	...	100.0	...	...
1960 or before	3,910	...	...	33.4	...	...
1961 to 1980	4,270	...	...	36.5	...	...
1981 to 1990	940	...	...	8.0	...	...
1991 to 2000	1,010	...	...	8.6	...	...
2001 to 2005	235	...	...	2.0	...	...
2006 to 2010	495	...	...	4.2	...	...
2011 to 2015	330	...	...	2.8	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	525	...	...	4.5	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	11,710	...	...	100.0	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	10,740	...	...	91.7	...	...
Major repairs needed	975	...	...	8.3	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	11,710	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-maintainer household	6,270	...	...	53.5	...	...
Two-maintainer household	4,960	...	...	42.4	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	485	...	...	4.1	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	11,710	...	...	100.0	...	...
15 to 24 years	240	...	...	2.0	...	...
25 to 34 years	1,205	...	...	10.3	...	...
35 to 44 years	1,500	...	...	12.8	...	...
45 to 54 years	1,760	...	...	15.0	...	...
55 to 64 years	2,535	...	...	21.6	...	...
65 to 74 years	2,515	...	...	21.5	...	...
75 to 84 years	1,475	...	...	12.6	...	...
85 years and over	485	...	...	4.1	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	11,395	...	...	100.0	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	9,200	...	...	80.7	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	2,195	...	...	19.3	...	...
30% to less than 100%	2,015	...	...	17.7	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	11,715	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	3,200	...	...	27.3	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	1,895	...	...	16.2	...	...
Not suitable only	285	...	...	2.4	...	...
Major repairs needed only	675	...	...	5.8	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	50	...	...	0.4	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	240	...	...	2.0	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	40	...	...	0.3	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	15	...	...	0.1	...	...
Acceptable housing	8,515	...	...	72.7	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	11,215	...	...	100.0	...	...
In core need	1,205	...	...	10.7	...	...
Not in core need	10,010	...	...	89.3	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	8,410	...	...	...	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	52.9	...	...	52.9	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	11.9	...	...	11.9	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	4.7	...	...	4.7	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	800	...	...	800	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,066	...	...	1,066	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	448,000	...	...	448,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	501,200	...	...	501,200	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	3,010	...	...	...	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	15.8	...	...	15.8	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	39.9	...	...	39.9	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	27.7	...	...	27.7	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	960	...	...	960	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,038	...	...	1,038	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	80	...	...	...	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	12.5	...	...	12.5	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	636	...	...	636	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	560	...	...	560	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	25,380	12,490	12,885	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	2,135	1,000	1,135	8.4	8.0	8.8
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	2,115	995	1,120	8.3	8.0	8.7
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	1,895	890	1,005	7.5	7.1	7.8
Métis single ancestry	210	100	110	0.8	0.8	0.9
Inuit single ancestry	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	2,090	965	1,130	8.2	7.7	8.8
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	2,060	940	1,115	8.1	7.5	8.7
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	1,425	630	795	5.6	5.0	6.2
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	630	310	325	2.5	2.5	2.5
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	35	25	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	35	25	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	21,150	10,530	10,620	83.3	84.3	82.4
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	25,380	12,490	12,885	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	24,845	12,235	12,605	97.9	98.0	97.8
Canadian citizens aged under 18	4,265	2,115	2,145	16.8	16.9	16.6
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	20,580	10,115	10,465	81.1	81.0	81.2
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	535	255	275	2.1	2.0	2.1
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	25,380	12,490	12,885	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	22,905	11,300	11,610	90.2	90.5	90.1
Immigrants⁸¹	2,365	1,140	1,225	9.3	9.1	9.5
Before 1980	1,490	765	730	5.9	6.1	5.7
1980 to 1990	235	100	130	0.9	0.8	1.0
1991 to 2000	145	50	90	0.6	0.4	0.7
2001 to 2010	200	95	100	0.8	0.8	0.8
2011 to 2021⁸²	300	125	170	1.2	1.0	1.3
2011 to 2015	125	50	75	0.5	0.4	0.6
2016 to 2021	170	80	95	0.7	0.6	0.7
Non-permanent residents⁸³	105	55	50	0.4	0.4	0.4
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	2,360	1,140	1,225	100.0	100.0	100.0
Under 5 years	355	190	170	15.0	16.7	13.9
5 to 14 years	505	285	220	21.4	25.0	18.0
15 to 24 years	610	260	350	25.8	22.8	28.6
25 to 44 years	745	360	385	31.6	31.6	31.4
45 years and over	145	55	95	6.1	4.8	7.8
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	2,360	1,140	1,225	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	345	160	185	14.6	14.0	15.1
Brazil	10	0	0	0.4	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
El Salvador	10	0	0	0.4	0.0	0.0
Guyana	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	15	0	15	0.6	0.0	1.2
Mexico	60	15	45	2.5	1.3	3.7
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidad and Tobago	15	10	10	0.6	0.9	0.8
United States of America	190	95	95	8.1	8.3	7.8
Other places of birth in Americas	35	20	15	1.5	1.8	1.2
Europe	1,425	705	720	60.4	61.8	58.8
Bosnia and Herzegovina	10	0	10	0.4	0.0	0.8
Croatia	40	15	25	1.7	1.3	2.0
France	35	20	20	1.5	1.8	1.6
Germany	190	95	90	8.1	8.3	7.3
Greece	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	25	10	10	1.1	0.9	0.8
Italy	110	60	55	4.7	5.3	4.5
Netherlands	215	105	105	9.1	9.2	8.6
Poland	10	0	0	0.4	0.0	0.0
Portugal	15	0	15	0.6	0.0	1.2
Romania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	15	0	10	0.6	0.0	0.8
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	545	275	265	23.1	24.1	21.6
Other places of birth in Europe	205	105	105	8.7	9.2	8.6
Africa	125	70	55	5.3	6.1	4.5
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	10	10	0	0.4	0.9	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	80	40	35	3.4	3.5	2.9
Other places of birth in Africa	25	10	10	1.1	0.9	0.8
Asia	425	185	240	18.0	16.2	19.6
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	15	10	0	0.6	0.9	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	15	0	0	0.6	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	15	0	0	0.6	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	35	15	20	1.5	1.3	1.6
Taiwan	10	0	10	0.4	0.0	0.8
Philippines	30	0	30	1.3	0.0	2.4
Viet Nam	50	30	20	2.1	2.6	1.6
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	200	95	105	8.5	8.3	8.6
Pakistan	10	0	0	0.4	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	50	15	35	2.1	1.3	2.9
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	45	25	20	1.9	2.2	1.6
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	170	80	95	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	20	10	10	11.8	12.5	10.5
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	15	10	10	8.8	12.5	10.5
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Europe	20	0	15	11.8	0.0	15.8
France	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	15	0	10	8.8	0.0	10.5
Other places of birth in Europe	10	0	10	5.9	0.0	10.5
Africa	15	10	0	8.8	12.5	0.0
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asia	95	50	50	55.9	62.5	52.6
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	35	25	10	20.6	31.3	10.5
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	20	10	10	11.8	12.5	10.5
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	15	0	15	8.8	0.0	15.8
Oceania and other⁹³	20	10	10	11.8	12.5	10.5
Australia	10	0	0	5.9	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	10	0	0	5.9	0.0	0.0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	25,375	12,495	12,885	100.0	100.0	100.0
First generation¹⁰⁰	2,620	1,285	1,340	10.3	10.3	10.4
Second generation¹⁰¹	4,370	2,035	2,335	17.2	16.3	18.1
Third generation or more¹⁰²	18,385	9,175	9,210	72.5	73.4	71.5
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	875	380	495	100.0	100.0	100.0
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	470	230	240	53.7	60.5	48.5
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	195	130	65	22.3	34.2	13.1
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	275	105	175	31.4	27.6	35.4
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	330	110	225	37.7	28.9	45.5
Refugees¹⁰⁸	50	25	25	5.7	6.6	5.1
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	25	10	10	2.9	2.6	2.0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	875	380	495	100.0	100.0	100.0
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	40	10	25	4.6	2.6	5.1
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	220	95	125	25.1	25.0	25.3
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	45	25	20	5.1	6.6	4.0
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	75	40	35	8.6	10.5	7.1
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	485	195	290	55.4	51.3	58.6
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	25,375	12,495	12,885	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	1,230	575	655	4.8	4.6	5.1
South Asian	485	245	240	1.9	2.0	1.9
Chinese	160	90	70	0.6	0.7	0.5
Black	135	60	75	0.5	0.5	0.6
Filipino	90	30	60	0.4	0.2	0.5
Arab	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latin American	85	30	50	0.3	0.2	0.4
Southeast Asian	70	25	40	0.3	0.2	0.3
West Asian	20	20	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Korean	45	25	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
Japanese	60	15	50	0.2	0.1	0.4
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	30	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.2
Multiple visible minorities	60	35	25	0.2	0.3	0.2
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	24,145	11,920	12,230	95.2	95.4	94.9
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	25,380	12,490	12,885	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian	3,390	1,625	1,765	13.4	13.0	13.7
English	7,440	3,710	3,735	29.3	29.7	29.0
Irish	4,470	2,060	2,410	17.6	16.5	18.7
Scottish	5,545	2,715	2,835	21.8	21.7	22.0
French, n.o.s.¹²²	2,745	1,335	1,415	10.8	10.7	11.0
German	3,420	1,620	1,800	13.5	13.0	14.0
Chinese	205	90	105	0.8	0.7	0.8
Italian	825	390	430	3.3	3.1	3.3
Indian (India)	280	125	150	1.1	1.0	1.2
Ukrainian	1,210	605	605	4.8	4.8	4.7
Dutch	1,770	875	895	7.0	7.0	6.9
Polish	465	190	275	1.8	1.5	2.1
Québécois	35	20	20	0.1	0.2	0.2
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	855	445	410	3.4	3.6	3.2
Filipino	80	25	55	0.3	0.2	0.4
French Canadian	365	160	210	1.4	1.3	1.6
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	470	220	245	1.9	1.8	1.9
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	1,785	825	965	7.0	6.6	7.5
Métis	890	430	460	3.5	3.4	3.6
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	695	325	370	2.7	2.6	2.9
Russian	585	285	300	2.3	2.3	2.3
Norwegian	1,085	545	545	4.3	4.4	4.2
Welsh	835	430	410	3.3	3.4	3.2
Portuguese	90	35	55	0.4	0.3	0.4
American	510	240	275	2.0	1.9	2.1
Spanish	165	60	105	0.7	0.5	0.8
Swedish	565	280	285	2.2	2.2	2.2
Hungarian	405	210	190	1.6	1.7	1.5
Acadian	70	35	35	0.3	0.3	0.3
Pakistani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	35	25	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Jewish	125	60	65	0.5	0.5	0.5
Punjabi	55	35	25	0.2	0.3	0.2
Vietnamese	70	35	40	0.3	0.3	0.3
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	35	20	15	0.1	0.2	0.1
Jamaican	25	0	25	0.1	0.0	0.2
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	40	0	35	0.2	0.0	0.3
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	265	100	165	1.0	0.8	1.3
Korean	35	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Romanian	125	70	60	0.5	0.6	0.5
Lebanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Danish	420	205	210	1.7	1.6	1.6
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	285	140	145	1.1	1.1	1.1
Sikh	40	20	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Austrian	315	140	175	1.2	1.1	1.4
Belgian	180	80	95	0.7	0.6	0.7
Haitian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindu	65	40	25	0.3	0.3	0.2
Mexican	130	55	70	0.5	0.4	0.5
Mennonite	60	20	35	0.2	0.2	0.3
Swiss	115	60	60	0.5	0.5	0.5
Finnish	325	155	175	1.3	1.2	1.4
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	170	70	100	0.7	0.6	0.8
Japanese	60	15	45	0.2	0.1	0.3
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	30	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.2
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	25	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	150	60	90	0.6	0.5	0.7
Muslim	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egyptian	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	35	20	15	0.1	0.2	0.1
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	160	90	70	0.6	0.7	0.5
Colombian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moroccan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	80	40	35	0.3	0.3	0.3
Syrian	20	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afghan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Ojibway	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Newfoundlander	35	20	20	0.1	0.2	0.2
Hong Konger	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ontarian	50	35	20	0.2	0.3	0.2
Persian	15	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazilian	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Nigerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	40	30	15	0.2	0.2	0.1
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwanese	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Iraqi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	40	25	15	0.2	0.2	0.1
Algonquin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
South African	105	60	40	0.4	0.5	0.3
Australian	135	65	65	0.5	0.5	0.5
Palestinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chilean	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Congolese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nova Scotian	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peruvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovenian	75	30	45	0.3	0.2	0.3
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	35	20	15	0.1	0.2	0.1
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Canadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israeli	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	45	20	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albertan	35	25	15	0.1	0.2	0.1
Ghanaian	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African American	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	40	35	10	0.2	0.3	0.1
Tunisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	20	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	35	20	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Laotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Irish	55	35	20	0.2	0.3	0.2
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	20	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
British Columbian	180	75	105	0.7	0.6	0.8
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Argentinian	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Estonian	45	25	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	45	25	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Jatt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dominican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Abenaki	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
New Zealander	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Sudanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Breton	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania Dutch	20	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.2
Malaysian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saskatchewanian	30	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.2
Buddhist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gaspesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norman	20	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	25	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.2
Burundian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Manitoban	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Honduran	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cherokee	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Flemish	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Goan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Azorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamileke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Libyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Basque	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igorot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guinean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maliseet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Beninese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Roma	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tajik	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amhara	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	25,375	12,495	12,885	100.0	100.0	100.0
Buddhist	115	50	70	0.5	0.4	0.5
Christian	7,905	3,525	4,375	31.2	28.2	34.0
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	1,345	705	630	5.3	5.6	4.9
Anabaptist	45	10	35	0.2	0.1	0.3
Anglican	900	405	490	3.5	3.2	3.8
Baptist	355	165	185	1.4	1.3	1.4
Catholic	2,530	1,115	1,415	10.0	8.9	11.0
Christian Orthodox	50	10	35	0.2	0.1	0.3
Jehovah's Witness	310	125	190	1.2	1.0	1.5
Latter Day Saints	75	40	40	0.3	0.3	0.3
Lutheran	360	120	240	1.4	1.0	1.9
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	60	25	35	0.2	0.2	0.3
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	280	110	165	1.1	0.9	1.3
Presbyterian	205	100	110	0.8	0.8	0.9
Reformed	90	40	55	0.4	0.3	0.4
United Church	890	390	500	3.5	3.1	3.9
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	420	170	245	1.7	1.4	1.9
Hindu	130	70	55	0.5	0.6	0.4
Jewish	60	20	40	0.2	0.2	0.3
Muslim	80	35	40	0.3	0.3	0.3
Sikh	215	100	110	0.8	0.8	0.9
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	180	100	85	0.7	0.8	0.7
Other religions and spiritual traditions	230	75	160	0.9	0.6	1.2
No religion and secular perspectives	16,460	8,525	7,940	64.9	68.2	61.6
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	25,190	12,390	12,795	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	21,855	10,790	11,065	86.8	87.1	86.5
Movers	3,330	1,600	1,730	13.2	12.9	13.5
Non-migrants	1,880	865	1,020	7.5	7.0	8.0
Migrants	1,450	740	705	5.8	6.0	5.5
Internal migrants	1,385	710	680	5.5	5.7	5.3
Intraprovincial migrants	1,160	570	585	4.6	4.6	4.6
Interprovincial migrants	225	140	90	0.9	1.1	0.7
External migrants	65	30	30	0.3	0.2	0.2
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	24,405	11,935	12,470	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	13,955	6,930	7,025	57.2	58.1	56.3
Movers	10,460	5,005	5,450	42.9	41.9	43.7
Non-migrants	3,785	1,740	2,040	15.5	14.6	16.4
Migrants	6,675	3,260	3,415	27.4	27.3	27.4
Internal migrants	6,430	3,140	3,290	26.3	26.3	26.4
Intraprovincial migrants	5,590	2,685	2,905	22.9	22.5	23.3
Interprovincial migrants	840	455	385	3.4	3.8	3.1
External migrants	245	125	125	1.0	1.0	1.0
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	21,790	10,715	11,075	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	5,825	3,185	2,640	26.7	29.7	23.8
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	15,965	7,530	8,435	73.3	70.3	76.2
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	12,745	6,200	6,545	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	2,625	1,535	1,085	20.6	24.8	16.6
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	10,125	4,665	5,460	79.4	75.2	83.4
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	21,790	10,715	11,075	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	4,805	2,525	2,275	22.1	23.6	20.5
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	6,990	3,300	3,685	32.1	30.8	33.3
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	9,995	4,890	5,115	45.9	45.6	46.2
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	7,580	3,915	3,665	34.8	36.5	33.1
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	2,720	2,085	630	12.5	19.5	5.7
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	1,055	610	450	4.8	5.7	4.1
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	1,660	1,480	185	7.6	13.8	1.7
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	4,160	1,595	2,565	19.1	14.9	23.2
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	700	235	470	3.2	2.2	4.2
Bachelor's degree or higher	2,420	970	1,445	11.1	9.1	13.0
Bachelor's degree	1,655	675	980	7.6	6.3	8.8
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	195	65	135	0.9	0.6	1.2
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	80	55	25	0.4	0.5	0.2
Master's degree	435	150	285	2.0	1.4	2.6
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	45	30	20	0.2	0.3	0.2
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	12,745	6,205	6,545	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	2,050	1,190	860	16.1	19.2	13.1
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	3,950	1,925	2,025	31.0	31.0	30.9
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	6,745	3,085	3,655	52.9	49.7	55.8
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	5,025	2,455	2,565	39.4	39.6	39.2
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	1,685	1,270	415	13.2	20.5	6.3
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	675	380	300	5.3	6.1	4.6
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	1,005	890	115	7.9	14.3	1.8
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	2,845	1,010	1,835	22.3	16.3	28.0
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	495	175	320	3.9	2.8	4.9
Bachelor's degree or higher	1,715	625	1,090	13.5	10.1	16.7
Bachelor's degree	1,175	460	720	9.2	7.4	11.0
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	130	25	105	1.0	0.4	1.6
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	60	35	20	0.5	0.6	0.3
Master's degree	320	95	225	2.5	1.5	3.4
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	30	20	15	0.2	0.3	0.2
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	21,790	10,715	11,070	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	11,790	5,825	5,965	54.1	54.4	53.9
Education	710	195	515	3.3	1.8	4.7
13. Education	710	195	515	3.3	1.8	4.7
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	205	100	105	0.9	0.9	0.9
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	35	30	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
50. Visual and performing arts	170	70	100	0.8	0.7	0.9
Humanities	350	110	235	1.6	1.0	2.1
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	45	0	40	0.2	0.0	0.4
23. English language and literature/letters	80	15	65	0.4	0.1	0.6
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	115	35	85	0.5	0.3	0.8
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	20	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
39. Theology and religious vocations	40	15	25	0.2	0.1	0.2
54. History	40	30	10	0.2	0.3	0.1
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	785	215	565	3.6	2.0	5.1
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	10	10	10	0.0	0.1	0.1
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	280	20	255	1.3	0.2	2.3
22. Legal professions and studies	65	0	60	0.3	0.0	0.5
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
42. Psychology	165	50	120	0.8	0.5	1.1
45. Social sciences	220	115	105	1.0	1.1	0.9
Business, management and public administration	1,455	400	1,055	6.7	3.7	9.5
30.16 Accounting and computer science	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
44. Public administration and social service professions	240	55	185	1.1	0.5	1.7
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	1,210	345	865	5.6	3.2	7.8
Physical and life sciences and technologies	170	85	85	0.8	0.8	0.8
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	95	45	55	0.4	0.4	0.5
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	25	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.2
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
40. Physical sciences	30	25	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
41. Science technologies/technicians	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	130	80	50	0.6	0.7	0.5
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	105	70	35	0.5	0.7	0.3
25. Library science	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
27. Mathematics and statistics	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	2,670	2,560	115	12.3	23.9	1.0
04. Architecture and related services	15	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
14. Engineering	160	135	30	0.7	1.3	0.3
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	420	395	30	1.9	3.7	0.3
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	825	810	20	3.8	7.6	0.2
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	845	825	20	3.9	7.7	0.2
48. Precision production	400	380	15	1.8	3.5	0.1
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	435	285	155	2.0	2.7	1.4
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	215	105	110	1.0	1.0	1.0
03. Natural resources and conservation	225	180	45	1.0	1.7	0.4
Health and related fields	2,135	395	1,740	9.8	3.7	15.7
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	65	40	30	0.3	0.4	0.3
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	2,050	340	1,705	9.4	3.2	15.4
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	20	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Personal, protective and transportation services	945	460	480	4.3	4.3	4.3
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	630	180	450	2.9	1.7	4.1
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	75	60	15	0.3	0.6	0.1
49. Transportation and materials moving	235	220	15	1.1	2.1	0.1
Other¹⁷⁹	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	12,750	6,205	6,545	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	6,005	3,120	2,890	47.1	50.3	44.2
Education	420	110	310	3.3	1.8	4.7
13. Education	420	110	310	3.3	1.8	4.7
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	135	60	75	1.1	1.0	1.1
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	15	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
50. Visual and performing arts	125	45	75	1.0	0.7	1.1
Humanities	240	75	165	1.9	1.2	2.5
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	40	10	35	0.3	0.2	0.5
23. English language and literature/letters	60	15	45	0.5	0.2	0.7
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	75	20	55	0.6	0.3	0.8
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
39. Theology and religious vocations	30	15	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
54. History	15	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	610	165	450	4.8	2.7	6.9
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	25	15	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	225	25	200	1.8	0.4	3.1
22. Legal professions and studies	55	0	55	0.4	0.0	0.8
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
42. Psychology	125	35	95	1.0	0.6	1.5
45. Social sciences	165	85	80	1.3	1.4	1.2
Business, management and public administration	1,020	250	765	8.0	4.0	11.7
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	195	55	140	1.5	0.9	2.1
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	820	205	615	6.4	3.3	9.4
Physical and life sciences and technologies	115	40	75	0.9	0.6	1.1
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	75	25	55	0.6	0.4	0.8
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	20	0	20	0.2	0.0	0.3
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
40. Physical sciences	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	75	55	25	0.6	0.9	0.4
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	70	55	15	0.5	0.9	0.2
25. Library science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	1,620	1,530	90	12.7	24.7	1.4
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
14. Engineering	115	90	25	0.9	1.5	0.4
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	235	225	15	1.8	3.6	0.2
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	525	500	25	4.1	8.1	0.4
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	490	470	20	3.8	7.6	0.3
48. Precision production	245	235	10	1.9	3.8	0.2
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	305	190	120	2.4	3.1	1.8
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	155	60	90	1.2	1.0	1.4
03. Natural resources and conservation	160	125	30	1.3	2.0	0.5
Health and related fields	1,525	290	1,240	12.0	4.7	18.9
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	45	25	15	0.4	0.4	0.2
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	1,470	255	1,215	11.5	4.1	18.6
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Personal, protective and transportation services	655	325	335	5.1	5.2	5.1
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	465	155	310	3.6	2.5	4.7
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	55	40	15	0.4	0.6	0.2
49. Transportation and materials moving	130	125	0	1.0	2.0	0.0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	12,750	6,205	6,545	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	6,005	3,120	2,890	47.1	50.3	44.2
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	6,740	3,085	3,660	52.9	49.7	55.9
Location of study inside Canada	6,375	2,920	3,455	50.0	47.1	52.8
Same as province or territory of residence	5,400	2,425	2,975	42.4	39.1	45.5
Different than province or territory of residence	975	495	480	7.6	8.0	7.3
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	370	170	205	2.9	2.7	3.1
Americas	100	45	55	0.8	0.7	0.8
United States of America	70	30	40	0.5	0.5	0.6
Mexico	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Cuba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Europe	105	50	60	0.8	0.8	0.9
Belgium	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
France	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germany	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Netherlands	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Switzerland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	35	15	15	0.3	0.2	0.2
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Europe	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Africa	35	15	15	0.3	0.2	0.2
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	35	15	15	0.3	0.2	0.2
Other locations of study in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asia	105	40	65	0.8	0.6	1.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwan	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	50	20	35	0.4	0.3	0.5
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania	25	15	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Australia	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
New Zealand	15	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	21,790	10,715	11,075	...	...	...
In the labour force	11,485	5,800	5,680	...	...	...
Employed	10,420	5,200	5,220	...	...	...
Unemployed	1,065	600	465	...	...	...
Not in the labour force	10,305	4,915	5,390	...	...	...
Participation rate	52.7	54.1	51.3	52.7	54.1	51.3
Employment rate	47.8	48.5	47.1	47.8	48.5	47.1
Unemployment rate	9.3	10.3	8.2	9.3	10.3	8.2
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	21,790	10,715	11,070	100.0	100.0	100.0
Did not work¹⁸⁶	10,380	4,930	5,450	47.6	46.0	49.2
Worked	11,405	5,785	5,620	52.3	54.0	50.8
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	5,295	2,895	2,395	24.3	27.0	21.6
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	6,110	2,890	3,220	28.0	27.0	29.1
Average weeks worked in reference year	40.1	40.3	39.8	40.1	40.3	39.8
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	11,480	5,800	5,680	100.0	100.0	100.0
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	325	165	160	2.8	2.8	2.8
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	11,160	5,635	5,520	97.2	97.2	97.2
Employee	9,330	4,590	4,740	81.3	79.1	83.5
Permanent position	7,835	3,845	3,995	68.2	66.3	70.3
Temporary position	1,495	745	750	13.0	12.8	13.2
Fixed term (1 year or more)	410	180	230	3.6	3.1	4.0
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	1,085	565	515	9.5	9.7	9.1
Self-employed¹⁹²	1,825	1,045	780	15.9	18.0	13.7
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	11,480	5,800	5,680	100.0	100.0	100.0
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	325	165	160	2.8	2.8	2.8
All occupations¹⁹¹	11,160	5,635	5,520	97.2	97.2	97.2
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	95	50	40	0.8	0.9	0.7
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	1,235	270	965	10.8	4.7	17.0
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	440	360	75	3.8	6.2	1.3
3 Health occupations	1,180	195	990	10.3	3.4	17.4
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	1,400	370	1,035	12.2	6.4	18.2
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	230	90	140	2.0	1.6	2.5
6 Sales and service occupations	2,965	1,110	1,860	25.8	19.1	32.7
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	2,515	2,295	215	21.9	39.6	3.8
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	500	385	120	4.4	6.6	2.1
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	595	510	90	5.2	8.8	1.6
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	11,480	5,800	5,680	100.0	100.0	100.0
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	325	165	160	2.8	2.8	2.8
All industries¹⁹¹	11,160	5,635	5,520	97.2	97.2	97.2
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	740	565	170	6.4	9.7	3.0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	70	55	15	0.6	0.9	0.3
22 Utilities	55	45	10	0.5	0.8	0.2
23 Construction	1,165	1,050	110	10.1	18.1	1.9
31-33 Manufacturing	840	685	160	7.3	11.8	2.8
41 Wholesale trade	110	85	25	1.0	1.5	0.4
44-45 Retail trade	1,500	670	830	13.1	11.6	14.6
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	410	315	95	3.6	5.4	1.7
51 Information and cultural industries	90	20	75	0.8	0.3	1.3
52 Finance and insurance	220	35	185	1.9	0.6	3.3
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	120	40	80	1.0	0.7	1.4
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	395	195	205	3.4	3.4	3.6
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	445	245	205	3.9	4.2	3.6
61 Educational services	640	180	455	5.6	3.1	8.0
62 Health care and social assistance	2,070	405	1,670	18.0	7.0	29.4
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	225	110	115	2.0	1.9	2.0
72 Accommodation and food services	865	365	500	7.5	6.3	8.8
81 Other services (except public administration)	490	215	275	4.3	3.7	4.8
91 Public administration	710	355	350	6.2	6.1	6.2
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	12,365	6,270	6,090	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	12,140	6,180	5,960	98.2	98.6	97.9
French	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Non-official language	25	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	20	10	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
English and French	95	55	40	0.8	0.9	0.7
English and non-official language(s)	100	30	70	0.8	0.5	1.1
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	12,365	6,270	6,090	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	12,345	6,255	6,085	99.8	99.8	99.9
Official languages	12,300	6,245	6,065	99.5	99.6	99.6
English	12,275	6,225	6,045	99.3	99.3	99.3
French	30	15	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Non-official languages	40	20	25	0.3	0.3	0.4
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	35	20	20	0.3	0.3	0.3
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	20	15	0	0.2	0.2	0.0
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	12,365	6,270	6,090	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	12,190	6,205	5,985	98.6	99.0	98.3
English	40	20	25	0.3	0.3	0.4
French	65	30	35	0.5	0.5	0.6
Non-official language	70	15	55	0.6	0.2	0.9
Indigenous³⁹	55	10	45	0.4	0.2	0.7
Non-Indigenous	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	10,420	5,205	5,220	100.0	100.0	100.0
Worked at home	1,040	400	640	10.0	7.7	12.3
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
No fixed workplace address	1,975	1,420	555	19.0	27.3	10.6
Usual place of work	7,400	3,380	4,020	71.0	64.9	77.0
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	7,400	3,380	4,020	100.0	100.0	100.0
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	4,260	1,705	2,555	57.6	50.4	63.6
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	2,215	1,075	1,140	29.9	31.8	28.4
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	870	555	320	11.8	16.4	8.0
Commute to a different province or territory	55	50	0	0.7	1.5	0.0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	9,375	4,795	4,580	100.0	100.0	100.0
Car, truck or van	8,430	4,325	4,100	89.9	90.2	89.5
Car, truck or van - as a driver	7,760	4,000	3,755	82.8	83.4	82.0
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	670	325	345	7.1	6.8	7.5
Public transit	160	75	85	1.7	1.6	1.9
Walked	470	210	260	5.0	4.4	5.7
Bicycle	90	55	35	1.0	1.1	0.8
Other method	230	135	95	2.5	2.8	2.1
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	9,375	4,795	4,580	100.0	100.0	100.0
Less than 15 minutes	5,960	2,605	3,355	63.6	54.3	73.3
15 to 29 minutes	1,855	1,030	825	19.8	21.5	18.0
30 to 44 minutes	510	350	170	5.4	7.3	3.7
45 to 59 minutes	300	200	100	3.2	4.2	2.2
60 minutes and over	750	615	130	8.0	12.8	2.8
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	9,375	4,795	4,580	100.0	100.0	100.0
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	815	610	200	8.7	12.7	4.4
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	1,405	880	525	15.0	18.4	11.5
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	2,145	1,180	970	22.9	24.6	21.2
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	2,250	820	1,435	24.0	17.1	31.3
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	1,180	410	770	12.6	8.6	16.8
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	1,575	895	680	16.8	18.7	14.8
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	4,445	2,195	2,245	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	285	140	150	6.4	6.4	6.7
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	4,160	2,065	2,100	93.6	94.1	93.5
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	3,370	1,645	1,720	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	225	110	115	6.7	6.7	6.7
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	135	60	75	4.0	3.6	4.4
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	90	50	40	2.7	3.0	2.3
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	3,145	1,535	1,605	93.3	93.3	93.3

Symbol legend

...
not applicable
^r
revised

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 30, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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