Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	ParksvilleMore information: British Columbia [Census agglomeration]
	Counts			Rates
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	31,054	...	...	...	...	...
Population, 2016¹	28,922	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	7.4	...	...	7.4	...	...
Total private dwellings²	15,647	...	...	...	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	14,766	...	...	...	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	379.6	...	...	379.6	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	81.81	...	...	...	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	31,055	14,435	16,625	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	2,655	1,290	1,360	8.5	8.9	8.2
0 to 4 years	700	330	365	2.3	2.3	2.2
5 to 9 years	985	495	485	3.2	3.4	2.9
10 to 14 years	970	465	510	3.1	3.2	3.1
15 to 64 years	13,810	6,440	7,370	44.5	44.6	44.3
15 to 19 years	1,000	545	455	3.2	3.8	2.7
20 to 24 years	820	455	360	2.6	3.2	2.2
25 to 29 years	825	430	395	2.7	3.0	2.4
30 to 34 years	920	460	460	3.0	3.2	2.8
35 to 39 years	1,135	520	620	3.7	3.6	3.7
40 to 44 years	1,160	535	620	3.7	3.7	3.7
45 to 49 years	1,270	620	650	4.1	4.3	3.9
50 to 54 years	1,455	650	805	4.7	4.5	4.8
55 to 59 years	2,185	910	1,270	7.0	6.3	7.6
60 to 64 years	3,040	1,310	1,735	9.8	9.1	10.4
65 years and over	14,585	6,700	7,890	47.0	46.4	47.5
65 to 69 years	3,605	1,615	1,995	11.6	11.2	12.0
70 to 74 years	4,075	1,860	2,220	13.1	12.9	13.4
75 to 79 years	3,100	1,455	1,645	10.0	10.1	9.9
80 to 84 years	1,965	955	1,015	6.3	6.6	6.1
85 years and over	1,845	815	1,025	5.9	5.6	6.2
85 to 89 years	1,185	545	635	3.8	3.8	3.8
90 to 94 years	520	230	290	1.7	1.6	1.7
95 to 99 years	125	40	85	0.4	0.3	0.5
100 years and over	15	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	8.5	8.9	8.2	8.5	8.9	8.2
15 to 64 years	44.5	44.6	44.3	44.5	44.6	44.3
65 years and over	47.0	46.4	47.5	47.0	46.4	47.5
85 years and over	5.9	5.6	6.2	5.9	5.6	6.2
Average age of the population	56.7	55.8	57.5	56.7	55.8	57.5
Median age of the population	63.6	63.2	64.0	63.6	63.2	64.0
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	14,765	...	...	100.0	...	...
Single-detached house	10,610	...	...	71.9	...	...
Semi-detached house	850	...	...	5.8	...	...
Row house	1,170	...	...	7.9	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	220	...	...	1.5	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	1,335	...	...	9.0	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	70	...	...	0.5	...	...
Other single-attached house	25	...	...	0.2	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	490	...	...	3.3	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	14,770	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 person	4,410	...	...	29.9	...	...
2 persons	7,580	...	...	51.3	...	...
3 persons	1,345	...	...	9.1	...	...
4 persons	955	...	...	6.5	...	...
5 or more persons	475	...	...	3.2	...	...
Number of persons in private households	30,015	13,970	16,040	100.0	100.0	100.0
Average household size	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	28,400	13,140	15,260	100.0	100.0	100.0
Married or living common-law	18,650	9,305	9,340	65.7	70.8	61.2
Married	15,900	7,945	7,955	56.0	60.5	52.1
Living common-law	2,750	1,360	1,385	9.7	10.4	9.1
Living common law - Never married	1,400	715	680	4.9	5.4	4.5
Living common law - Separated	100	60	45	0.4	0.5	0.3
Living common law - Divorced	1,075	510	565	3.8	3.9	3.7
Living common law - Widowed	175	80	95	0.6	0.6	0.6
Not married and not living common-law	9,750	3,830	5,915	34.3	29.1	38.8
Not married and not living common law - Never married	4,210	2,270	1,945	14.8	17.3	12.7
Not married and not living common law - Separated	650	250	400	2.3	1.9	2.6
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	2,285	740	1,545	8.0	5.6	10.1
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	2,605	570	2,030	9.2	4.3	13.3
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	10,125	...	...	100.0	...	...
2 persons	7,725	...	...	76.3	...	...
3 persons	1,215	...	...	12.0	...	...
4 persons	890	...	...	8.8	...	...
5 or more persons	295	...	...	2.9	...	...
Average size of census families	2.4	...	...	2.4	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.6	...	...	1.6	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	10,125	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total couple families	9,085	...	...	89.7	...	...
Married couples	7,715	...	...	76.2	...	...
With children⁶	1,785	...	...	17.6	...	...
Without children	5,925	...	...	58.5	...	...
Common-law couples	1,370	...	...	13.5	...	...
With children⁶	345	...	...	3.4	...	...
Without children	1,030	...	...	10.2	...	...
Total one-parent families	1,040	...	...	10.3	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	815	...	...	8.0	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	220	...	...	2.2	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	30,015	13,970	16,040	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total - Persons in census families	24,220	11,955	12,265	80.7	85.6	76.5
Married spouses or common-law partners	18,170	9,055	9,110	60.5	64.8	56.8
Parents in one-parent families	1,040	225	820	3.5	1.6	5.1
Children⁶	5,015	2,675	2,335	16.7	19.1	14.6
In a two-parent family	3,630	1,930	1,700	12.1	13.8	10.6
In a one-parent family	1,380	740	635	4.6	5.3	4.0
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	5,790	2,015	3,780	19.3	14.4	23.6
Living alone	4,410	1,405	3,010	14.7	10.1	18.8
Living with other relatives⁷	455	150	305	1.5	1.1	1.9
Living with non-relatives only	935	470	465	3.1	3.4	2.9
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	14,765	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	9,365	...	...	63.4	...	...
Couple-family households	8,535	...	...	57.8	...	...
With children⁶	1,910	...	...	12.9	...	...
Without children	6,625	...	...	44.9	...	...
One-parent-family households	825	...	...	5.6	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	210	...	...	1.4	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	70	...	...	0.5	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	320	...	...	2.2	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	395	...	...	2.7	...	...
One-person households	4,410	...	...	29.9	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	27,380	12,685	14,690	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	26,965	12,485	14,485	98.5	98.4	98.6
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	39,200	46,000	34,000	39,200	46,000	34,000
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	26,970	12,485	14,485	98.5	98.4	98.6
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	36,000	42,000	31,600	36,000	42,000	31,600
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	24,675	11,565	13,115	90.1	91.2	89.3
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	28,000	35,600	22,200	28,000	35,600	22,200
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	13,470	6,700	6,780	49.2	52.8	46.2
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	26,000	30,000	22,800	26,000	30,000	22,800
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	23,980	10,815	13,160	87.6	85.3	89.6
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	15,200	15,900	14,700	15,200	15,900	14,700
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	1,605	790	815	5.9	6.2	5.5
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,480	5,920	5,200	5,480	5,920	5,200
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	4,740	2,120	2,625	17.3	16.7	17.9
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	27,380	12,685	14,690	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	26,920	12,470	14,455	98.3	98.3	98.4
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	49,160	58,800	40,880	49,160	58,800	40,880
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	26,925	12,475	14,455	98.3	98.3	98.4
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	42,240	49,440	36,040	42,240	49,440	36,040
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	24,540	11,515	13,020	89.6	90.8	88.6
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	40,360	50,480	31,400	40,360	50,480	31,400
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	13,475	6,780	6,700	49.2	53.4	45.6
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	40,600	48,680	32,440	40,600	48,680	32,440
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	23,900	10,840	13,060	87.3	85.5	88.9
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	13,940	14,000	13,900	13,940	14,000	13,900
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	1,685	810	875	6.2	6.4	6.0
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,720	7,000	6,480	6,720	7,000	6,480
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	4,645	2,065	2,580	17.0	16.3	17.6
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	9,350	8,840	9,750	9,350	8,840	9,750
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	27,380	12,690	14,695	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	4,710	2,640	2,070	17.2	20.8	14.1
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	60,800	68,000	53,600	60,800	68,000	53,600
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	74,700	85,400	61,100	74,700	85,400	61,100
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	5,975	2,735	3,240	21.8	21.6	22.0
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	18,000	21,000	16,000	18,000	21,000	16,000
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	27,960	33,480	23,320	27,960	33,480	23,320
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	74.8	79.4	69.2	74.8	79.4	69.2
Employment income (%)¹⁹	41.3	45.0	36.8	41.3	45.0	36.8
Government transfers (%)²⁰	25.2	20.7	30.8	25.2	20.7	30.8
Employment insurance benefits (%)	0.9	0.8	1.0	0.9	0.8	1.0
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	4.4	3.3	5.8	4.4	3.3	5.8
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	3.3	2.5	4.3	3.3	2.5	4.3
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	27,380	12,690	14,695	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without total income	415	205	205	1.5	1.6	1.4
With total income	26,970	12,480	14,485	98.5	98.3	98.6
Under $10,000 (including loss)	1,655	645	1,010	6.1	5.2	7.0
$10,000 to $19,999	3,415	1,150	2,265	12.7	9.2	15.6
$20,000 to $29,999	4,855	1,865	2,995	18.0	14.9	20.7
$30,000 to $39,999	3,955	1,615	2,340	14.7	12.9	16.2
$40,000 to $49,999	3,405	1,550	1,855	12.6	12.4	12.8
$50,000 to $59,999	2,590	1,280	1,315	9.6	10.3	9.1
$60,000 to $69,999	1,905	1,085	820	7.1	8.7	5.7
$70,000 to $79,999	1,425	845	580	5.3	6.8	4.0
$80,000 to $89,999	960	600	360	3.6	4.8	2.5
$90,000 to $99,999	695	445	255	2.6	3.6	1.8
$100,000 and over	2,105	1,410	695	7.8	11.3	4.8
$100,000 to $149,999	1,465	945	520	5.4	7.6	3.6
$150,000 and over	635	460	180	2.4	3.7	1.2
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	27,380	12,690	14,695	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without after-tax income	410	200	205	1.5	1.6	1.4
With after-tax income	26,975	12,485	14,490	98.5	98.4	98.6
Under $10,000 (including loss)	1,885	690	1,190	7.0	5.5	8.2
$10,000 to $19,999	3,555	1,195	2,360	13.2	9.6	16.3
$20,000 to $29,999	5,360	2,095	3,265	19.9	16.8	22.5
$30,000 to $39,999	4,545	1,905	2,645	16.8	15.3	18.3
$40,000 to $49,999	3,650	1,730	1,920	13.5	13.9	13.3
$50,000 to $59,999	2,595	1,420	1,170	9.6	11.4	8.1
$60,000 to $69,999	1,780	1,065	710	6.6	8.5	4.9
$70,000 to $79,999	1,145	740	410	4.2	5.9	2.8
$80,000 to $89,999	780	485	295	2.9	3.9	2.0
$90,000 to $99,999	495	335	165	1.8	2.7	1.1
$100,000 and over	1,175	820	350	4.4	6.6	2.4
$100,000 to $124,999	620	425	195	2.3	3.4	1.3
$125,000 and over	555	400	150	2.1	3.2	1.0
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	27,380	12,690	14,695	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without employment income	13,910	5,990	7,915	50.8	47.2	53.9
With employment income	13,475	6,695	6,775	49.2	52.8	46.1
Under $5,000 (including loss)	3,065	1,540	1,525	22.7	23.0	22.5
$5,000 to $9,999	1,200	505	690	8.9	7.5	10.2
$10,000 to $19,999	1,655	740	920	12.3	11.1	13.6
$20,000 to $29,999	1,360	555	805	10.1	8.3	11.9
$30,000 to $39,999	1,145	485	660	8.5	7.2	9.7
$40,000 to $49,999	1,020	460	560	7.6	6.9	8.3
$50,000 to $59,999	875	405	465	6.5	6.0	6.9
$60,000 to $69,999	725	420	310	5.4	6.3	4.6
$70,000 to $79,999	540	325	210	4.0	4.9	3.1
$80,000 to $89,999	420	255	170	3.1	3.8	2.5
$90,000 to $99,999	375	235	145	2.8	3.5	2.1
$100,000 and over	1,095	775	320	8.1	11.6	4.7
$100,000 to $124,999	510	315	195	3.8	4.7	2.9
$125,000 and over	590	465	125	4.4	6.9	1.8
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	27,380	12,685	14,690	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	26,615	12,295	14,320	97.2	96.9	97.5
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	37,600	46,000	31,800	37,600	46,000	31,800
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	26,675	12,310	14,365	97.4	97.0	97.8
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	34,000	41,200	29,000	34,000	41,200	29,000
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	24,750	11,565	13,185	90.4	91.2	89.8
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	29,600	37,600	23,400	29,600	37,600	23,400
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	15,475	7,660	7,820	56.5	60.4	53.2
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	23,000	27,200	20,400	23,000	27,200	20,400
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	21,070	9,225	11,845	77.0	72.7	80.6
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	14,000	15,200	13,000	14,000	15,200	13,000
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	1,270	615	655	4.6	4.8	4.5
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	5,520	5,840	4,960	5,520	5,840	4,960
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	27,380	12,685	14,690	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	26,625	12,295	14,325	97.2	96.9	97.5
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	47,920	58,350	38,920	47,920	58,350	38,920
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	26,660	12,310	14,360	97.4	97.0	97.8
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	40,800	48,920	33,800	40,800	48,920	33,800
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	24,695	11,550	13,145	90.2	91.1	89.5
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	41,200	51,800	31,880	41,200	51,800	31,880
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	15,460	7,785	7,675	56.5	61.4	52.2
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	37,240	44,360	30,000	37,240	44,360	30,000
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	21,055	9,255	11,805	76.9	73.0	80.4
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	12,230	12,880	11,730	12,230	12,880	11,730
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	1,305	635	670	4.8	5.0	4.6
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	7,130	7,120	7,140	7,130	7,120	7,140
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	27,380	12,690	14,695	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	4,695	2,630	2,065	17.1	20.7	14.1
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	56,800	65,000	50,400	56,800	65,000	50,400
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	69,700	80,100	56,550	69,700	80,100	56,550
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	5,825	2,660	3,165	21.3	21.0	21.5
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	23,400	27,600	20,800	23,400	27,600	20,800
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	33,480	40,520	27,600	33,480	40,520	27,600
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	79.8	83.4	75.2	79.8	83.4	75.2
Employment income (%)	45.2	48.1	41.3	45.2	48.1	41.3
Government transfers (%)	20.2	16.6	24.8	20.2	16.6	24.8
Employment insurance benefits (%)	0.7	0.6	0.9	0.7	0.6	0.9
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	14,770	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	73,500	...	...	73,500	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	67,000	...	...	67,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	4,410	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	39,200	...	...	39,200	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	36,400	...	...	36,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	10,355	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	90,000	...	...	90,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	82,000	...	...	82,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	14,765	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	89,700	...	...	89,700	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	77,000	...	...	77,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	4,405	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	48,280	...	...	48,280	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	42,640	...	...	42,640	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	10,360	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	107,200	...	...	107,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	91,700	...	...	91,700	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	14,765	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	95	...	...	0.6	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	55	...	...	0.4	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	85	...	...	0.6	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	225	...	...	1.5	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	730	...	...	4.9	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	560	...	...	3.8	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	540	...	...	3.7	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	710	...	...	4.8	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	660	...	...	4.5	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	680	...	...	4.6	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	1,275	...	...	8.6	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	1,335	...	...	9.0	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	1,160	...	...	7.9	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	1,050	...	...	7.1	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	930	...	...	6.3	...	...
$100,000 and over	4,685	...	...	31.7	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,760	...	...	11.9	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,105	...	...	7.5	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	1,025	...	...	6.9	...	...
$200,000 and over	795	...	...	5.4	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	14,765	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	120	...	...	0.8	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	65	...	...	0.4	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	90	...	...	0.6	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	235	...	...	1.6	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	740	...	...	5.0	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	635	...	...	4.3	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	650	...	...	4.4	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	760	...	...	5.1	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	750	...	...	5.1	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	735	...	...	5.0	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	1,530	...	...	10.4	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	1,505	...	...	10.2	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	1,260	...	...	8.5	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	1,185	...	...	8.0	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	1,000	...	...	6.8	...	...
$100,000 and over	3,495	...	...	23.7	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,545	...	...	10.5	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	870	...	...	5.9	...	...
$150,000 and over	1,085	...	...	7.3	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	10,070	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	90,000	...	...	90,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	81,000	...	...	81,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.5	...	...	2.5	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	6,710	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	84,000	...	...	84,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	76,500	...	...	76,500	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	2,155	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	127,000	...	...	127,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	111,000	...	...	111,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	3.8	...	...	3.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	980	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	63,600	...	...	63,600	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	60,000	...	...	60,000	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.4	...	...	2.4	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	5,340	1,865	3,470	...	...	...
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	38,000	39,600	37,200	38,000	39,600	37,200
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	35,200	36,400	34,400	35,200	36,400	34,400
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	10,055	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	107,100	...	...	107,100	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	91,500	...	...	91,500	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	6,740	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	98,900	...	...	98,900	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	85,400	...	...	85,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	2,170	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	140,200	...	...	140,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	116,300	...	...	116,300	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	960	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	83,600	...	...	83,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	73,200	...	...	73,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	5,365	1,885	3,480	...	...	...
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	46,000	49,680	44,040	46,000	49,680	44,040
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	40,560	43,320	39,080	40,560	43,320	39,080
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	30,015	13,975	16,045	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	3,265	1,630	1,630	10.9	11.7	10.2
0 to 5 years	875	425	455	2.9	3.0	2.8
18 to 64 years	12,920	5,935	6,985	43.0	42.5	43.5
65 years and over	13,830	6,405	7,425	46.1	45.8	46.3
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	2,945	1,155	1,790	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	365	155	200	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	110	50	60	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	1,190	515	675	...	...	...
65 years and over	1,395	485	915	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	9.8	8.3	11.2	9.8	8.3	11.2
0 to 17 years (%)	11.1	9.8	12.5	11.1	9.8	12.5
0 to 5 years (%)	12.4	12.0	12.8	12.4	12.0	12.8
18 to 64 years (%)	9.2	8.6	9.7	9.2	8.6	9.7
65 years and over (%)	10.1	7.6	12.3	10.1	7.6	12.3
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	30,015	13,970	16,040	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	3,265	1,635	1,635	10.9	11.7	10.2
0 to 5 years	880	420	455	2.9	3.0	2.8
18 to 64 years	12,920	5,940	6,980	43.0	42.5	43.5
65 years and over	13,830	6,400	7,425	46.1	45.8	46.3
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	685	315	365	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	95	50	45	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	15	10	10	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	465	220	245	...	...	...
65 years and over	120	50	75	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	2.3	2.3	2.3	2.3	2.3	2.3
0 to 17 years (%)	3.0	3.1	2.8	3.0	3.1	2.8
0 to 5 years (%)	2.0	2.0	2.0	2.0	2.0	2.0
18 to 64 years (%)	3.6	3.7	3.5	3.6	3.7	3.5
65 years and over (%)	0.9	0.7	1.0	0.9	0.7	1.0
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	30,015	13,975	16,045	100.0	100.0	100.0
In bottom half of the distribution	15,405	6,810	8,595	51.3	48.7	53.6
In bottom decile	2,540	1,030	1,510	8.5	7.4	9.4
In second decile	3,125	1,315	1,815	10.4	9.4	11.3
In third decile	3,065	1,365	1,705	10.2	9.8	10.6
In fourth decile	3,350	1,550	1,805	11.2	11.1	11.2
In fifth decile	3,325	1,555	1,765	11.1	11.1	11.0
In top half of the distribution	14,610	7,165	7,445	48.7	51.3	46.4
In sixth decile	3,410	1,605	1,805	11.4	11.5	11.2
In seventh decile	3,365	1,620	1,745	11.2	11.6	10.9
In eighth decile	2,890	1,420	1,470	9.6	10.2	9.2
In ninth decile	2,560	1,315	1,245	8.5	9.4	7.8
In top decile	2,380	1,195	1,185	7.9	8.6	7.4
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	30,015	...	...	30,015	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.312	...	...	0.312	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.449	...	...	0.449	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.275	...	...	0.275	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.4	...	...	3.4	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	30,560	14,260	16,305	100.0	100.0	100.0
English only	28,580	13,395	15,185	93.5	93.9	93.1
French only	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and French	1,925	840	1,080	6.3	5.9	6.6
Neither English nor French	55	20	40	0.2	0.1	0.2
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	30,560	14,260	16,305	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	30,135	14,085	16,045	98.6	98.8	98.4
French	355	145	210	1.2	1.0	1.3
English and French	20	5	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Neither English nor French	60	20	35	0.2	0.1	0.2
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	30,560	14,260	16,305	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	30,190	14,095	16,095	98.8	98.8	98.7
Official languages	28,035	13,135	14,900	91.7	92.1	91.4
English	27,625	12,970	14,660	90.4	91.0	89.9
French	400	165	235	1.3	1.2	1.4
Non-official languages	2,160	960	1,200	7.1	6.7	7.4
Indigenous languages³⁹	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	2,155	960	1,195	7.1	6.7	7.3
Afro-Asiatic languages	30	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	30	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	180	65	115	0.6	0.5	0.7
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	10	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	155	55	100	0.5	0.4	0.6
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	20	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	15	10	5	0.0	0.1	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	1,545	715	835	5.1	5.0	5.1
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	265	115	150	0.9	0.8	0.9
Baltic languages	15	10	5	0.0	0.1	0.0
Latvian	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	255	105	145	0.8	0.7	0.9
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	25	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	60	25	35	0.2	0.2	0.2
Russian	35	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	25	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	15	10	15	0.0	0.1	0.1
Serbian	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	85	45	40	0.3	0.3	0.2
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	930	410	520	3.0	2.9	3.2
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	505	200	300	1.7	1.4	1.8
German	490	195	290	1.6	1.4	1.8
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	20	5	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	285	145	145	0.9	1.0	0.9
Afrikaans	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Dutch	265	135	130	0.9	0.9	0.8
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	130	60	70	0.4	0.4	0.4
Danish	85	40	45	0.3	0.3	0.3
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	20	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Swedish	25	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	70	40	35	0.2	0.3	0.2
Indo-Aryan languages	55	30	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	15	10	5	0.0	0.1	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	15	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	10	10	5	0.0	0.1	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	260	140	115	0.9	1.0	0.7
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	135	85	50	0.4	0.6	0.3
Portuguese	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Romanian	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	75	35	45	0.2	0.2	0.3
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	50	10	35	0.2	0.1	0.2
Korean	85	35	45	0.3	0.2	0.3
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	125	50	70	0.4	0.4	0.4
Chinese languages	115	45	70	0.4	0.3	0.4
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	65	25	40	0.2	0.2	0.2
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	45	15	25	0.1	0.1	0.2
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	75	35	35	0.2	0.2	0.2
Estonian	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Hungarian	45	20	25	0.1	0.1	0.2
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	365	165	205	1.2	1.2	1.3
English and French	90	35	55	0.3	0.2	0.3
English and non-official language(s)	245	115	135	0.8	0.8	0.8
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	30,560	14,260	16,305	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	28,960	13,595	15,365	94.8	95.3	94.2
French	45	20	30	0.1	0.1	0.2
Non-official language	215	95	120	0.7	0.7	0.7
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	215	95	120	0.7	0.7	0.7
English and French	210	80	135	0.7	0.6	0.8
English and non-official language(s)	1,075	445	635	3.5	3.1	3.9
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	40	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Multiple non-official languages	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	30,560	14,260	16,305	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	30,370	14,180	16,190	99.4	99.4	99.3
Official languages	29,965	13,995	15,965	98.1	98.1	97.9
English	29,900	13,970	15,930	97.8	98.0	97.7
French	65	30	35	0.2	0.2	0.2
Non-official languages	410	185	230	1.3	1.3	1.4
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	410	185	230	1.3	1.3	1.4
Afro-Asiatic languages	15	10	10	0.0	0.1	0.1
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	15	10	10	0.0	0.1	0.1
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	15	10	5	0.0	0.1	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	15	10	5	0.0	0.1	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	85	35	50	0.3	0.2	0.3
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	80	35	45	0.3	0.2	0.3
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	145	65	85	0.5	0.5	0.5
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	25	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	25	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	60	30	30	0.2	0.2	0.2
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
German	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	25	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Afrikaans	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Indo-Aryan languages	20	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	15	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	30	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	20	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	15	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	70	30	35	0.2	0.2	0.2
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	50	25	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
Chinese languages	45	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	25	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	15	10	5	0.0	0.1	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	190	80	115	0.6	0.6	0.7
English and French	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
English and non-official language(s)	170	70	100	0.6	0.5	0.6
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	30,560	14,255	16,305	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	29,385	13,775	15,610	96.2	96.6	95.7
English	190	80	105	0.6	0.6	0.6
French	180	65	115	0.6	0.5	0.7
Non-official language	700	285	415	2.3	2.0	2.5
Indigenous³⁹	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	700	280	415	2.3	2.0	2.5
English and French	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	60	25	35	0.2	0.2	0.2
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	30,015	13,970	16,040	100.0	100.0	100.0
Official languages	29,990	13,965	16,025	99.9	100.0	99.9
English	29,990	13,965	16,025	99.9	100.0	99.9
French	1,910	750	1,160	6.4	5.4	7.2
Non-official languages	2,880	1,260	1,615	9.6	9.0	10.1
Indigenous languages³⁹	20	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	2,855	1,245	1,605	9.5	8.9	10.0
Afro-Asiatic languages	20	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	20	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	330	125	205	1.1	0.9	1.3
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	25	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Indonesian	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	310	110	195	1.0	0.8	1.2
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	15	15	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	30	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	30	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	2,070	925	1,145	6.9	6.6	7.1
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	265	110	155	0.9	0.8	1.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	265	110	155	0.9	0.8	1.0
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	35	10	25	0.1	0.1	0.2
Macedonian	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	70	25	45	0.2	0.2	0.3
Russian	50	25	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	45	20	25	0.1	0.1	0.2
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	35	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Serbian	15	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	15	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	15	10	10	0.0	0.1	0.1
Ukrainian	80	35	40	0.3	0.3	0.2
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	1,095	505	590	3.6	3.6	3.7
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	700	305	400	2.3	2.2	2.5
German	690	295	400	2.3	2.1	2.5
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Yiddish	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	290	160	130	1.0	1.1	0.8
Afrikaans	60	25	30	0.2	0.2	0.2
Dutch	230	135	95	0.8	1.0	0.6
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	140	60	75	0.5	0.4	0.5
Danish	85	45	40	0.3	0.3	0.2
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Swedish	30	10	25	0.1	0.1	0.2
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	15	10	10	0.0	0.1	0.1
Indo-Iranian languages	110	55	55	0.4	0.4	0.3
Indo-Aryan languages	90	55	45	0.3	0.4	0.3
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Hindi	65	35	25	0.2	0.3	0.2
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	50	30	20	0.2	0.2	0.1
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	20	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	15	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	650	285	370	2.2	2.0	2.3
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	125	70	55	0.4	0.5	0.3
Portuguese	60	25	30	0.2	0.2	0.2
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	505	205	300	1.7	1.5	1.9
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	75	25	45	0.2	0.2	0.3
Korean	105	40	60	0.3	0.3	0.4
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	20	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.1
American Sign Language	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Sino-Tibetan languages	140	55	85	0.5	0.4	0.5
Chinese languages	140	55	85	0.5	0.4	0.5
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	80	25	60	0.3	0.2	0.4
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	65	40	25	0.2	0.3	0.2
Chinese, n.o.s.	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	75	35	40	0.2	0.3	0.2
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	20	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Hungarian	55	30	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	30,015	13,975	16,045	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	1,155	505	655	3.8	3.6	4.1
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	1,120	495	625	3.7	3.5	3.9
First Nations (North American Indian)	455	205	255	1.5	1.5	1.6
Métis	635	285	350	2.1	2.0	2.2
Inuk (Inuit)	30	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	25	0	25	0.1	0.0	0.2
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	10	10	10	0.0	0.1	0.1
Non-Indigenous identity	28,855	13,465	15,390	96.1	96.4	95.9
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	30,015	13,975	16,045	100.0	100.0	100.0
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	285	110	175	0.9	0.8	1.1
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	29,730	13,860	15,870	99.1	99.2	98.9
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	14,765	...	...	100.0	...	...
Owner	12,035	...	...	81.5	...	...
Renter	2,735	...	...	18.5	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	14,765	...	...	100.0	...	...
Condominium	2,225	...	...	15.1	...	...
Not condominium	12,540	...	...	84.9	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	14,765	...	...	100.0	...	...
No bedrooms	45	...	...	0.3	...	...
1 bedroom	905	...	...	6.1	...	...
2 bedrooms	5,375	...	...	36.4	...	...
3 bedrooms	6,375	...	...	43.2	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	2,060	...	...	14.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	14,765	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	3,155	...	...	21.4	...	...
5 rooms	3,130	...	...	21.2	...	...
6 rooms	2,910	...	...	19.7	...	...
7 rooms	2,085	...	...	14.1	...	...
8 or more rooms	3,490	...	...	23.6	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.2	...	...	6.2	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	14,765	...	...	100.0	...	...
One person or fewer per room	14,710	...	...	99.6	...	...
More than one person per room	55	...	...	0.4	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	14,765	...	...	100.0	...	...
Suitable	14,520	...	...	98.3	...	...
Not suitable	245	...	...	1.7	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	14,765	...	...	100.0	...	...
1960 or before	800	...	...	5.4	...	...
1961 to 1980	3,355	...	...	22.7	...	...
1981 to 1990	2,590	...	...	17.5	...	...
1991 to 2000	3,835	...	...	26.0	...	...
2001 to 2005	1,205	...	...	8.2	...	...
2006 to 2010	1,140	...	...	7.7	...	...
2011 to 2015	730	...	...	4.9	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	1,110	...	...	7.5	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	14,765	...	...	100.0	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	14,300	...	...	96.9	...	...
Major repairs needed	465	...	...	3.1	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	14,765	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-maintainer household	6,765	...	...	45.8	...	...
Two-maintainer household	7,620	...	...	51.6	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	380	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	14,765	...	...	100.0	...	...
15 to 24 years	135	...	...	0.9	...	...
25 to 34 years	590	...	...	4.0	...	...
35 to 44 years	1,120	...	...	7.6	...	...
45 to 54 years	1,350	...	...	9.1	...	...
55 to 64 years	2,890	...	...	19.6	...	...
65 to 74 years	4,380	...	...	29.7	...	...
75 to 84 years	3,100	...	...	21.0	...	...
85 years and over	1,185	...	...	8.0	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	14,720	...	...	100.0	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	11,895	...	...	80.8	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	2,830	...	...	19.2	...	...
30% to less than 100%	2,605	...	...	17.7	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	14,765	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	3,365	...	...	22.8	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	2,660	...	...	18.0	...	...
Not suitable only	195	...	...	1.3	...	...
Major repairs needed only	335	...	...	2.3	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	40	...	...	0.3	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	120	...	...	0.8	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	10	...	...	0.1	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Acceptable housing	11,400	...	...	77.2	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	14,505	...	...	100.0	...	...
In core need	1,080	...	...	7.4	...	...
Not in core need	13,425	...	...	92.6	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	12,010	...	...	...	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	39.9	...	...	39.9	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	12.8	...	...	12.8	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	4.0	...	...	4.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	705	...	...	705	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,065	...	...	1,065	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	660,000	...	...	660,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	711,000	...	...	711,000	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	2,735	...	...	...	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	14.8	...	...	14.8	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	47.8	...	...	47.8	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	22.9	...	...	22.9	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,320	...	...	1,320	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,360	...	...	1,360	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	...	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	30,015	13,975	16,040	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	325	140	185	1.1	1.0	1.2
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	325	140	185	1.1	1.0	1.2
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	225	105	125	0.7	0.8	0.8
Métis single ancestry	95	35	55	0.3	0.3	0.3
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	975	475	500	3.2	3.4	3.1
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	915	445	470	3.0	3.2	2.9
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	500	270	235	1.7	1.9	1.5
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	385	165	220	1.3	1.2	1.4
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	55	30	30	0.2	0.2	0.2
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	55	30	30	0.2	0.2	0.2
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	28,715	13,360	15,360	95.7	95.6	95.8
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	30,015	13,970	16,040	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	29,090	13,570	15,520	96.9	97.1	96.8
Canadian citizens aged under 18	3,240	1,640	1,600	10.8	11.7	10.0
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	25,845	11,935	13,915	86.1	85.4	86.8
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	925	405	520	3.1	2.9	3.2
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	30,015	13,970	16,040	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	24,565	11,515	13,050	81.8	82.4	81.4
Immigrants⁸¹	5,325	2,410	2,910	17.7	17.3	18.1
Before 1980	3,530	1,640	1,885	11.8	11.7	11.8
1980 to 1990	560	245	315	1.9	1.8	2.0
1991 to 2000	305	105	195	1.0	0.8	1.2
2001 to 2010	475	195	280	1.6	1.4	1.7
2011 to 2021⁸²	455	220	235	1.5	1.6	1.5
2011 to 2015	210	90	120	0.7	0.6	0.7
2016 to 2021	245	130	115	0.8	0.9	0.7
Non-permanent residents⁸³	125	50	75	0.4	0.4	0.5
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	5,325	2,410	2,915	100.0	100.0	100.0
Under 5 years	620	290	335	11.6	12.0	11.5
5 to 14 years	845	410	440	15.9	17.0	15.1
15 to 24 years	1,310	595	715	24.6	24.7	24.5
25 to 44 years	2,265	1,005	1,260	42.5	41.7	43.2
45 years and over	275	110	165	5.2	4.6	5.7
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	5,325	2,410	2,915	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	590	235	355	11.1	9.8	12.2
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	10	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.3
El Salvador	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyana	20	10	15	0.4	0.4	0.5
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	20	0	15	0.4	0.0	0.5
Mexico	45	15	30	0.8	0.6	1.0
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidad and Tobago	10	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.3
United States of America	455	195	260	8.5	8.1	8.9
Other places of birth in Americas	30	15	20	0.6	0.6	0.7
Europe	3,830	1,815	2,015	71.9	75.3	69.1
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatia	20	10	15	0.4	0.4	0.5
France	30	10	25	0.6	0.4	0.9
Germany	405	160	240	7.6	6.6	8.2
Greece	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	25	15	0	0.5	0.6	0.0
Italy	30	25	10	0.6	1.0	0.3
Netherlands	205	135	75	3.8	5.6	2.6
Poland	50	15	30	0.9	0.6	1.0
Portugal	40	15	20	0.8	0.6	0.7
Romania	10	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.3
Russian Federation	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	25	15	15	0.5	0.6	0.5
United Kingdom⁸⁷	2,535	1,200	1,335	47.6	49.8	45.8
Other places of birth in Europe	450	210	235	8.5	8.7	8.1
Africa	150	65	80	2.8	2.7	2.7
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	15	15	0	0.3	0.6	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	90	35	50	1.7	1.5	1.7
Other places of birth in Africa	45	15	25	0.8	0.6	0.9
Asia	605	240	370	11.4	10.0	12.7
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	10	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.3
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	75	30	45	1.4	1.2	1.5
Hong Kong⁹¹	15	0	10	0.3	0.0	0.3
Korea, South⁹²	65	25	35	1.2	1.0	1.2
Taiwan	15	0	10	0.3	0.0	0.3
Philippines	275	95	180	5.2	3.9	6.2
Viet Nam	10	10	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	65	35	30	1.2	1.5	1.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	70	25	45	1.3	1.0	1.5
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	145	50	90	2.7	2.1	3.1
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	240	130	110	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	30	15	15	12.5	11.5	13.6
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	25	15	15	10.4	11.5	13.6
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Europe	55	30	30	22.9	23.1	27.3
France	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	50	25	25	20.8	19.2	22.7
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asia	150	85	60	62.5	65.4	54.5
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	15	0	15	6.3	0.0	13.6
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	15	15	0	6.3	11.5	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	100	60	35	41.7	46.2	31.8
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	30,015	13,975	16,045	100.0	100.0	100.0
First generation¹⁰⁰	5,680	2,550	3,135	18.9	18.2	19.5
Second generation¹⁰¹	6,265	3,060	3,200	20.9	21.9	19.9
Third generation or more¹⁰²	18,070	8,365	9,705	60.2	59.9	60.5
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	1,790	765	1,025	100.0	100.0	100.0
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	1,110	535	580	62.0	69.9	56.6
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	495	315	175	27.7	41.2	17.1
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	620	215	405	34.6	28.1	39.5
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	620	200	420	34.6	26.1	41.0
Refugees¹⁰⁸	50	25	25	2.8	3.3	2.4
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	15	0	0	0.8	0.0	0.0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	1,790	765	1,025	100.0	100.0	100.0
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	395	160	235	22.1	20.9	22.9
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	50	20	35	2.8	2.6	3.4
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	65	20	50	3.6	2.6	4.9
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	10	0	10	0.6	0.0	1.0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	1,270	565	695	70.9	73.9	67.8
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	30,015	13,975	16,045	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	1,345	600	745	4.5	4.3	4.6
South Asian	225	120	105	0.7	0.9	0.7
Chinese	220	95	125	0.7	0.7	0.8
Black	60	35	25	0.2	0.3	0.2
Filipino	415	170	240	1.4	1.2	1.5
Arab	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latin American	85	35	50	0.3	0.3	0.3
Southeast Asian	50	20	25	0.2	0.1	0.2
West Asian	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Korean	105	40	65	0.3	0.3	0.4
Japanese	80	20	55	0.3	0.1	0.3
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Multiple visible minorities	70	45	25	0.2	0.3	0.2
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	28,665	13,370	15,300	95.5	95.7	95.4
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	30,015	13,970	16,040	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian	2,910	1,360	1,545	9.7	9.7	9.6
English	10,970	5,085	5,885	36.5	36.4	36.7
Irish	5,820	2,565	3,260	19.4	18.4	20.3
Scottish	6,985	3,185	3,800	23.3	22.8	23.7
French, n.o.s.¹²²	2,815	1,175	1,640	9.4	8.4	10.2
German	4,145	1,890	2,255	13.8	13.5	14.1
Chinese	240	115	125	0.8	0.8	0.8
Italian	855	440	410	2.8	3.1	2.6
Indian (India)	210	105	110	0.7	0.8	0.7
Ukrainian	1,705	790	915	5.7	5.7	5.7
Dutch	1,435	660	775	4.8	4.7	4.8
Polish	1,290	565	725	4.3	4.0	4.5
Québécois	25	0	25	0.1	0.0	0.2
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	2,280	1,030	1,245	7.6	7.4	7.8
Filipino	410	170	235	1.4	1.2	1.5
French Canadian	330	125	205	1.1	0.9	1.3
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	440	205	235	1.5	1.5	1.5
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	315	165	150	1.0	1.2	0.9
Métis	545	235	310	1.8	1.7	1.9
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	745	365	380	2.5	2.6	2.4
Russian	680	360	315	2.3	2.6	2.0
Norwegian	1,195	500	700	4.0	3.6	4.4
Welsh	1,105	435	670	3.7	3.1	4.2
Portuguese	120	80	45	0.4	0.6	0.3
American	655	325	330	2.2	2.3	2.1
Spanish	150	65	85	0.5	0.5	0.5
Swedish	985	440	545	3.3	3.1	3.4
Hungarian	395	200	200	1.3	1.4	1.2
Acadian	60	20	40	0.2	0.1	0.2
Pakistani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	45	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Jewish	125	50	75	0.4	0.4	0.5
Punjabi	35	20	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Vietnamese	15	10	10	0.0	0.1	0.1
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	60	35	30	0.2	0.3	0.2
Jamaican	35	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	65	20	40	0.2	0.1	0.2
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	140	70	75	0.5	0.5	0.5
Korean	70	30	40	0.2	0.2	0.2
Romanian	180	65	115	0.6	0.5	0.7
Lebanese	25	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.1
Iranian	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	95	45	50	0.3	0.3	0.3
Danish	540	295	245	1.8	2.1	1.5
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	65	20	45	0.2	0.1	0.3
Sikh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austrian	350	155	200	1.2	1.1	1.2
Belgian	130	65	65	0.4	0.5	0.4
Haitian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindu	15	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Mexican	150	90	60	0.5	0.6	0.4
Mennonite	60	20	40	0.2	0.1	0.2
Swiss	200	100	95	0.7	0.7	0.6
Finnish	255	130	130	0.8	0.9	0.8
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	130	70	60	0.4	0.5	0.4
Japanese	115	35	75	0.4	0.3	0.5
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	315	155	160	1.0	1.1	1.0
Muslim	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egyptian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	15	10	10	0.0	0.1	0.1
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	285	155	130	0.9	1.1	0.8
Colombian	20	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Moroccan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	155	85	80	0.5	0.6	0.5
Syrian	20	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Guyanese	15	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Afghan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Ojibway	50	20	30	0.2	0.1	0.2
Newfoundlander	60	45	20	0.2	0.3	0.1
Hong Konger	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ontarian	20	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Persian	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	20	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Turkish	15	10	10	0.0	0.1	0.1
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	30	10	25	0.1	0.1	0.2
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Slovak	65	35	30	0.2	0.3	0.2
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	75	35	40	0.2	0.3	0.2
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwanese	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Iraqi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	60	25	30	0.2	0.2	0.2
South African	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Australian	110	65	45	0.4	0.5	0.3
Palestinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chilean	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Congolese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nova Scotian	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	20	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Peruvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	35	30	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Macedonian	20	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Slovenian	55	30	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	60	35	30	0.2	0.3	0.2
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Canadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israeli	15	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	15	15	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	85	25	55	0.3	0.2	0.3
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albertan	35	20	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Barbadian	15	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
African American	15	15	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	40	10	25	0.1	0.1	0.2
Tunisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Laotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Irish	55	25	35	0.2	0.2	0.2
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	70	40	35	0.2	0.3	0.2
British Columbian	130	60	65	0.4	0.4	0.4
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Argentinian	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Estonian	30	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Jatt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	35	30	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dominican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Byelorussian	15	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Abenaki	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	15	15	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
New Zealander	75	50	25	0.2	0.4	0.2
Sudanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Breton	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saskatchewanian	20	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Buddhist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gaspesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norman	20	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Manitoban	20	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Honduran	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cherokee	35	25	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Flemish	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Empire Loyalist	25	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Senegalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Goan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamileke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Libyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Basque	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igorot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guinean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maliseet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Beninese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Roma	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tajik	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amhara	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	30,015	13,975	16,045	100.0	100.0	100.0
Buddhist	95	35	55	0.3	0.3	0.3
Christian	13,320	5,625	7,695	44.4	40.3	48.0
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	2,230	1,030	1,195	7.4	7.4	7.4
Anabaptist	50	20	25	0.2	0.1	0.2
Anglican	2,275	880	1,390	7.6	6.3	8.7
Baptist	630	260	370	2.1	1.9	2.3
Catholic	3,430	1,405	2,030	11.4	10.1	12.7
Christian Orthodox	75	35	40	0.2	0.3	0.2
Jehovah's Witness	355	160	195	1.2	1.1	1.2
Latter Day Saints	40	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Lutheran	530	235	300	1.8	1.7	1.9
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	70	25	45	0.2	0.2	0.3
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	170	85	85	0.6	0.6	0.5
Presbyterian	340	185	160	1.1	1.3	1.0
Reformed	35	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
United Church	2,350	945	1,405	7.8	6.8	8.8
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	740	325	415	2.5	2.3	2.6
Hindu	45	25	25	0.1	0.2	0.2
Jewish	85	50	35	0.3	0.4	0.2
Muslim	55	25	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
Sikh	40	25	15	0.1	0.2	0.1
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	30	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Other religions and spiritual traditions	350	115	235	1.2	0.8	1.5
No religion and secular perspectives	16,000	8,055	7,945	53.3	57.6	49.5
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	29,935	13,945	15,985	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	26,050	12,175	13,875	87.0	87.3	86.8
Movers	3,880	1,770	2,110	13.0	12.7	13.2
Non-migrants	1,130	515	610	3.8	3.7	3.8
Migrants	2,750	1,255	1,500	9.2	9.0	9.4
Internal migrants	2,655	1,230	1,425	8.9	8.8	8.9
Intraprovincial migrants	2,130	965	1,165	7.1	6.9	7.3
Interprovincial migrants	525	260	260	1.8	1.9	1.6
External migrants	100	25	70	0.3	0.2	0.4
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	29,345	13,695	15,650	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	16,680	7,770	8,905	56.8	56.7	56.9
Movers	12,665	5,925	6,740	43.2	43.3	43.1
Non-migrants	2,265	1,000	1,265	7.7	7.3	8.1
Migrants	10,405	4,920	5,480	35.5	35.9	35.0
Internal migrants	10,025	4,730	5,295	34.2	34.5	33.8
Intraprovincial migrants	8,210	3,855	4,345	28.0	28.1	27.8
Interprovincial migrants	1,815	875	945	6.2	6.4	6.0
External migrants	380	190	185	1.3	1.4	1.2
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	27,380	12,690	14,690	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	3,885	2,055	1,830	14.2	16.2	12.5
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	23,495	10,635	12,865	85.8	83.8	87.6
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	11,715	5,280	6,435	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	1,185	690	500	10.1	13.1	7.8
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	10,525	4,585	5,940	89.8	86.8	92.3
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	27,380	12,685	14,690	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	3,050	1,560	1,495	11.1	12.3	10.2
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	8,285	3,615	4,670	30.3	28.5	31.8
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	16,040	7,510	8,530	58.6	59.2	58.1
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	10,305	4,810	5,495	37.6	37.9	37.4
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	2,800	2,070	725	10.2	16.3	4.9
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	1,050	510	545	3.8	4.0	3.7
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	1,745	1,560	185	6.4	12.3	1.3
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	6,310	2,370	3,940	23.0	18.7	26.8
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,190	370	820	4.3	2.9	5.6
Bachelor's degree or higher	5,745	2,700	3,035	21.0	21.3	20.7
Bachelor's degree	3,570	1,660	1,910	13.0	13.1	13.0
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	475	190	285	1.7	1.5	1.9
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	135	110	25	0.5	0.9	0.2
Master's degree	1,320	610	710	4.8	4.8	4.8
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	240	130	105	0.9	1.0	0.7
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	11,710	5,280	6,435	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	880	500	375	7.5	9.5	5.8
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	3,330	1,595	1,735	28.4	30.2	27.0
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	7,500	3,180	4,320	64.0	60.2	67.1
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	4,940	2,200	2,735	42.2	41.7	42.5
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	1,335	955	375	11.4	18.1	5.8
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	530	230	305	4.5	4.4	4.7
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	800	730	70	6.8	13.8	1.1
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	3,035	1,105	1,935	25.9	20.9	30.1
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	570	140	430	4.9	2.7	6.7
Bachelor's degree or higher	2,560	975	1,585	21.9	18.5	24.6
Bachelor's degree	1,670	635	1,035	14.3	12.0	16.1
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	200	65	135	1.7	1.2	2.1
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	75	45	30	0.6	0.9	0.5
Master's degree	540	205	330	4.6	3.9	5.1
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	80	30	55	0.7	0.6	0.9
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	27,380	12,690	14,690	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	11,340	5,175	6,165	41.4	40.8	42.0
Education	1,620	440	1,180	5.9	3.5	8.0
13. Education	1,620	440	1,180	5.9	3.5	8.0
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	470	195	275	1.7	1.5	1.9
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	65	55	15	0.2	0.4	0.1
50. Visual and performing arts	400	140	265	1.5	1.1	1.8
Humanities	660	245	420	2.4	1.9	2.9
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
23. English language and literature/letters	210	60	150	0.8	0.5	1.0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	190	60	130	0.7	0.5	0.9
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	25	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
38. Philosophy and religious studies	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
39. Theology and religious vocations	85	50	30	0.3	0.4	0.2
54. History	90	30	60	0.3	0.2	0.4
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,400	515	890	5.1	4.1	6.1
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	115	45	65	0.4	0.4	0.4
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	265	20	250	1.0	0.2	1.7
22. Legal professions and studies	265	95	175	1.0	0.7	1.2
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	20	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
42. Psychology	280	70	210	1.0	0.6	1.4
45. Social sciences	440	280	160	1.6	2.2	1.1
Business, management and public administration	3,280	1,165	2,115	12.0	9.2	14.4
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	270	50	215	1.0	0.4	1.5
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	3,010	1,110	1,890	11.0	8.7	12.9
Physical and life sciences and technologies	605	340	270	2.2	2.7	1.8
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	265	150	120	1.0	1.2	0.8
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	110	25	85	0.4	0.2	0.6
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
40. Physical sciences	185	150	40	0.7	1.2	0.3
41. Science technologies/technicians	35	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	440	255	185	1.6	2.0	1.3
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	330	200	130	1.2	1.6	0.9
25. Library science	45	10	35	0.2	0.1	0.2
27. Mathematics and statistics	65	40	25	0.2	0.3	0.2
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	3,265	3,110	150	11.9	24.5	1.0
04. Architecture and related services	100	85	10	0.4	0.7	0.1
14. Engineering	480	450	25	1.8	3.5	0.2
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	725	645	80	2.6	5.1	0.5
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	950	940	10	3.5	7.4	0.1
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	655	635	20	2.4	5.0	0.1
48. Precision production	355	355	0	1.3	2.8	0.0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	495	335	160	1.8	2.6	1.1
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	225	120	110	0.8	0.9	0.7
03. Natural resources and conservation	265	215	50	1.0	1.7	0.3
Health and related fields	2,820	425	2,400	10.3	3.3	16.3
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	155	55	100	0.6	0.4	0.7
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	2,620	325	2,290	9.6	2.6	15.6
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	45	40	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
Personal, protective and transportation services	985	500	485	3.6	3.9	3.3
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	600	165	435	2.2	1.3	3.0
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	110	80	30	0.4	0.6	0.2
49. Transportation and materials moving	255	245	10	0.9	1.9	0.1
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	11,710	5,275	6,435	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	4,210	2,100	2,110	36.0	39.8	32.8
Education	555	140	415	4.7	2.7	6.4
13. Education	555	140	415	4.7	2.7	6.4
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	235	85	150	2.0	1.6	2.3
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	40	20	15	0.3	0.4	0.2
50. Visual and performing arts	200	65	135	1.7	1.2	2.1
Humanities	275	75	205	2.3	1.4	3.2
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	10	10	10	0.1	0.2	0.2
23. English language and literature/letters	85	15	65	0.7	0.3	1.0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	70	10	60	0.6	0.2	0.9
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	15	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
39. Theology and religious vocations	30	10	20	0.3	0.2	0.3
54. History	55	20	40	0.5	0.4	0.6
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	725	225	505	6.2	4.3	7.8
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	60	25	35	0.5	0.5	0.5
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	170	15	150	1.5	0.3	2.3
22. Legal professions and studies	145	40	110	1.2	0.8	1.7
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
42. Psychology	130	20	110	1.1	0.4	1.7
45. Social sciences	200	125	75	1.7	2.4	1.2
Business, management and public administration	1,525	405	1,120	13.0	7.7	17.4
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	130	15	115	1.1	0.3	1.8
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	1,395	390	1,010	11.9	7.4	15.7
Physical and life sciences and technologies	265	95	170	2.3	1.8	2.6
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	100	25	75	0.9	0.5	1.2
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	75	15	60	0.6	0.3	0.9
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
40. Physical sciences	70	50	20	0.6	0.9	0.3
41. Science technologies/technicians	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	275	155	120	2.3	2.9	1.9
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	240	140	100	2.0	2.7	1.6
25. Library science	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
27. Mathematics and statistics	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	1,465	1,360	105	12.5	25.8	1.6
04. Architecture and related services	15	10	10	0.1	0.2	0.2
14. Engineering	175	155	20	1.5	2.9	0.3
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	305	250	55	2.6	4.7	0.9
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	485	480	0	4.1	9.1	0.0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	310	300	10	2.6	5.7	0.2
48. Precision production	175	165	0	1.5	3.1	0.0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	270	150	120	2.3	2.8	1.9
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	130	60	70	1.1	1.1	1.1
03. Natural resources and conservation	140	95	45	1.2	1.8	0.7
Health and related fields	1,375	235	1,145	11.7	4.5	17.8
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	100	30	65	0.9	0.6	1.0
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	1,255	190	1,060	10.7	3.6	16.5
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	15	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Personal, protective and transportation services	535	255	280	4.6	4.8	4.4
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	335	95	240	2.9	1.8	3.7
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	65	40	20	0.6	0.8	0.3
49. Transportation and materials moving	125	120	10	1.1	2.3	0.2
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	11,710	5,275	6,435	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	4,210	2,100	2,110	36.0	39.8	32.8
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	7,500	3,175	4,325	64.0	60.2	67.2
Location of study inside Canada	6,780	2,865	3,910	57.9	54.3	60.8
Same as province or territory of residence	4,730	1,950	2,775	40.4	37.0	43.1
Different than province or territory of residence	2,050	915	1,135	17.5	17.3	17.6
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	720	315	410	6.1	6.0	6.4
Americas	190	95	95	1.6	1.8	1.5
United States of America	155	90	65	1.3	1.7	1.0
Mexico	20	0	20	0.2	0.0	0.3
Cuba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Europe	255	120	140	2.2	2.3	2.2
Belgium	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germany	25	10	25	0.2	0.2	0.4
Netherlands	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Switzerland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Romania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	185	100	85	1.6	1.9	1.3
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Europe	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Africa	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Other locations of study in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asia	215	60	160	1.8	1.1	2.5
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	25	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.2
Taiwan	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Korea, South⁹²	35	15	25	0.3	0.3	0.4
Philippines	85	15	75	0.7	0.3	1.2
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	25	10	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania	40	30	15	0.3	0.6	0.2
Australia	25	20	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
New Zealand	15	10	10	0.1	0.2	0.2
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	27,380	12,685	14,690	...	...	...
In the labour force	11,120	5,550	5,570	...	...	...
Employed	10,250	5,085	5,170	...	...	...
Unemployed	865	470	395	...	...	...
Not in the labour force	16,265	7,135	9,130	...	...	...
Participation rate	40.6	43.8	37.9	40.6	43.8	37.9
Employment rate	37.4	40.1	35.2	37.4	40.1	35.2
Unemployment rate	7.8	8.5	7.1	7.8	8.5	7.1
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	27,380	12,685	14,690	100.0	100.0	100.0
Did not work¹⁸⁶	15,875	6,875	9,000	58.0	54.2	61.3
Worked	11,505	5,815	5,690	42.0	45.8	38.7
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	4,940	2,790	2,150	18.0	22.0	14.6
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	6,560	3,025	3,540	24.0	23.8	24.1
Average weeks worked in reference year	39.4	39.8	38.9	39.4	39.8	38.9
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	11,115	5,555	5,565	100.0	100.0	100.0
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	150	80	70	1.3	1.4	1.3
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	10,970	5,470	5,495	98.7	98.5	98.7
Employee	8,245	3,880	4,365	74.2	69.8	78.4
Permanent position	6,835	3,255	3,580	61.5	58.6	64.3
Temporary position	1,405	625	780	12.6	11.3	14.0
Fixed term (1 year or more)	350	130	215	3.1	2.3	3.9
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	1,060	490	565	9.5	8.8	10.2
Self-employed¹⁹²	2,725	1,595	1,130	24.5	28.7	20.3
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	11,115	5,555	5,565	100.0	100.0	100.0
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	150	80	70	1.3	1.4	1.3
All occupations¹⁹¹	10,970	5,470	5,495	98.7	98.5	98.7
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	115	95	30	1.0	1.7	0.5
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	1,745	465	1,285	15.7	8.4	23.1
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	640	515	130	5.8	9.3	2.3
3 Health occupations	1,085	200	880	9.8	3.6	15.8
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	1,160	375	785	10.4	6.8	14.1
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	395	175	220	3.6	3.2	4.0
6 Sales and service occupations	3,175	1,270	1,905	28.6	22.9	34.2
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	2,070	1,925	145	18.6	34.7	2.6
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	385	290	90	3.5	5.2	1.6
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	200	170	25	1.8	3.1	0.4
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	11,115	5,555	5,565	100.0	100.0	100.0
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	150	80	70	1.3	1.4	1.3
All industries¹⁹¹	10,970	5,470	5,495	98.7	98.5	98.7
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	250	170	75	2.2	3.1	1.3
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	65	60	10	0.6	1.1	0.2
22 Utilities	60	60	0	0.5	1.1	0.0
23 Construction	1,305	1,150	160	11.7	20.7	2.9
31-33 Manufacturing	365	290	70	3.3	5.2	1.3
41 Wholesale trade	230	160	70	2.1	2.9	1.3
44-45 Retail trade	1,575	670	910	14.2	12.1	16.4
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	350	270	80	3.1	4.9	1.4
51 Information and cultural industries	190	90	95	1.7	1.6	1.7
52 Finance and insurance	280	95	180	2.5	1.7	3.2
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	305	155	145	2.7	2.8	2.6
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	1,015	580	435	9.1	10.4	7.8
55 Management of companies and enterprises	30	10	20	0.3	0.2	0.4
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	470	265	205	4.2	4.8	3.7
61 Educational services	640	190	455	5.8	3.4	8.2
62 Health care and social assistance	1,720	315	1,405	15.5	5.7	25.2
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	305	165	140	2.7	3.0	2.5
72 Accommodation and food services	745	320	430	6.7	5.8	7.7
81 Other services (except public administration)	545	205	345	4.9	3.7	6.2
91 Public administration	535	275	260	4.8	5.0	4.7
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	12,570	6,270	6,305	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	12,370	6,210	6,155	98.4	99.0	97.6
French	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
Non-official language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and French	90	25	60	0.7	0.4	1.0
English and non-official language(s)	85	25	60	0.7	0.4	1.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	12,570	6,270	6,305	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	12,565	6,265	6,300	100.0	99.9	99.9
Official languages	12,535	6,255	6,275	99.7	99.8	99.5
English	12,500	6,255	6,245	99.4	99.8	99.0
French	30	0	30	0.2	0.0	0.5
Non-official languages	30	10	25	0.2	0.2	0.4
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	30	10	25	0.2	0.2	0.4
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	15	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	15	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	15	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
English and French	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	12,570	6,270	6,305	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	12,390	6,215	6,180	98.6	99.1	98.0
English	45	10	35	0.4	0.2	0.6
French	75	25	45	0.6	0.4	0.7
Non-official language	55	15	35	0.4	0.2	0.6
Indigenous³⁹	15	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Non-Indigenous	40	10	30	0.3	0.2	0.5
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	10,255	5,085	5,170	100.0	100.0	100.0
Worked at home	2,040	950	1,090	19.9	18.7	21.1
Worked outside Canada	15	15	0	0.1	0.3	0.0
No fixed workplace address	1,670	1,235	435	16.3	24.3	8.4
Usual place of work	6,525	2,885	3,640	63.6	56.7	70.4
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	6,520	2,885	3,635	100.0	100.0	100.0
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	2,620	1,000	1,625	40.2	34.7	44.7
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	3,245	1,445	1,800	49.8	50.1	49.5
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	565	370	200	8.7	12.8	5.5
Commute to a different province or territory	90	70	15	1.4	2.4	0.4
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	8,195	4,120	4,075	100.0	100.0	100.0
Car, truck or van	7,050	3,560	3,490	86.0	86.4	85.6
Car, truck or van - as a driver	6,585	3,335	3,250	80.4	80.9	79.8
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	470	230	240	5.7	5.6	5.9
Public transit	115	65	45	1.4	1.6	1.1
Walked	640	230	415	7.8	5.6	10.2
Bicycle	110	90	20	1.3	2.2	0.5
Other method	280	175	100	3.4	4.2	2.5
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	8,195	4,120	4,075	100.0	100.0	100.0
Less than 15 minutes	3,985	1,725	2,260	48.6	41.9	55.5
15 to 29 minutes	2,195	1,130	1,070	26.8	27.4	26.3
30 to 44 minutes	1,180	645	535	14.4	15.7	13.1
45 to 59 minutes	450	300	150	5.5	7.3	3.7
60 minutes and over	385	320	70	4.7	7.8	1.7
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	8,195	4,120	4,075	100.0	100.0	100.0
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	410	255	155	5.0	6.2	3.8
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	1,165	625	545	14.2	15.2	13.4
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	2,020	1,195	820	24.6	29.0	20.1
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	2,165	915	1,250	26.4	22.2	30.7
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	1,395	545	850	17.0	13.2	20.9
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	1,040	585	455	12.7	14.2	11.2
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	3,345	1,670	1,665	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	170	85	85	5.1	5.1	5.1
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	3,170	1,590	1,580	94.8	95.2	94.9
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	2,590	1,310	1,275	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	145	70	70	5.6	5.3	5.5
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	40	25	20	1.5	1.9	1.6
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	100	50	50	3.9	3.8	3.9
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	2,445	1,240	1,205	94.4	94.7	94.5

Symbol legend

...
not applicable

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 30, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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