Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	LadysmithMore information: British Columbia [Census agglomeration]
	Counts			Rates
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	15,501	...	...	...	...	...
Population, 2016¹	14,572^r	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	6.4	...	...	6.4	...	...
Total private dwellings²	7,136	...	...	...	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	6,502	...	...	...	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	37.6	...	...	37.6	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	412.01	...	...	...	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	15,500	7,615	7,885	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	2,150	1,115	1,030	13.9	14.6	13.1
0 to 4 years	600	315	280	3.9	4.1	3.6
5 to 9 years	760	380	375	4.9	5.0	4.8
10 to 14 years	795	420	370	5.1	5.5	4.7
15 to 64 years	8,685	4,185	4,500	56.0	55.0	57.1
15 to 19 years	730	380	350	4.7	5.0	4.4
20 to 24 years	575	285	290	3.7	3.7	3.7
25 to 29 years	645	340	300	4.2	4.5	3.8
30 to 34 years	735	340	390	4.7	4.5	4.9
35 to 39 years	865	425	440	5.6	5.6	5.6
40 to 44 years	805	385	425	5.2	5.1	5.4
45 to 49 years	755	370	385	4.9	4.9	4.9
50 to 54 years	970	445	525	6.3	5.8	6.7
55 to 59 years	1,210	580	625	7.8	7.6	7.9
60 to 64 years	1,405	635	770	9.1	8.3	9.8
65 years and over	4,665	2,310	2,355	30.1	30.3	29.9
65 to 69 years	1,515	730	785	9.8	9.6	10.0
70 to 74 years	1,340	675	665	8.6	8.9	8.4
75 to 79 years	845	430	415	5.5	5.6	5.3
80 to 84 years	500	260	245	3.2	3.4	3.1
85 years and over	460	215	250	3.0	2.8	3.2
85 to 89 years	285	140	145	1.8	1.8	1.8
90 to 94 years	145	60	80	0.9	0.8	1.0
95 to 99 years	30	10	20	0.2	0.1	0.3
100 years and over	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	13.9	14.6	13.1	13.9	14.6	13.1
15 to 64 years	56.0	55.0	57.1	56.0	55.0	57.1
65 years and over	30.1	30.3	29.9	30.1	30.3	29.9
85 years and over	3.0	2.8	3.2	3.0	2.8	3.2
Average age of the population	47.9	47.4	48.4	47.9	47.4	48.4
Median age of the population	52.4	51.6	53.2	52.4	51.6	53.2
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	6,505	...	...	100.0	...	...
Single-detached house	4,995	...	...	76.8	...	...
Semi-detached house	280	...	...	4.3	...	...
Row house	255	...	...	3.9	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	210	...	...	3.2	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	395	...	...	6.1	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Other single-attached house	40	...	...	0.6	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	325	...	...	5.0	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	6,505	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 person	1,690	...	...	26.0	...	...
2 persons	2,845	...	...	43.7	...	...
3 persons	835	...	...	12.8	...	...
4 persons	675	...	...	10.4	...	...
5 or more persons	455	...	...	7.0	...	...
Number of persons in private households	15,265	7,500	7,760	100.0	100.0	100.0
Average household size	2.4	...	...	2.4	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	13,355	6,500	6,850	100.0	100.0	100.0
Married or living common-law	8,420	4,205	4,215	63.0	64.7	61.5
Married	6,715	3,360	3,355	50.3	51.7	49.0
Living common-law	1,705	845	860	12.8	13.0	12.6
Living common law - Never married	1,115	545	565	8.3	8.4	8.2
Living common law - Separated	75	40	35	0.6	0.6	0.5
Living common law - Divorced	460	235	225	3.4	3.6	3.3
Living common law - Widowed	55	20	30	0.4	0.3	0.4
Not married and not living common-law	4,935	2,295	2,635	37.0	35.3	38.5
Not married and not living common law - Never married	2,750	1,495	1,260	20.6	23.0	18.4
Not married and not living common law - Separated	320	155	170	2.4	2.4	2.5
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	995	415	580	7.5	6.4	8.5
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	860	230	635	6.4	3.5	9.3
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	4,795	...	...	100.0	...	...
2 persons	3,070	...	...	64.0	...	...
3 persons	845	...	...	17.6	...	...
4 persons	620	...	...	12.9	...	...
5 or more persons	270	...	...	5.6	...	...
Average size of census families	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.7	...	...	1.7	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	4,790	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total couple families	4,140	...	...	86.4	...	...
Married couples	3,290	...	...	68.7	...	...
With children⁶	1,190	...	...	24.8	...	...
Without children	2,100	...	...	43.8	...	...
Common-law couples	855	...	...	17.8	...	...
With children⁶	290	...	...	6.1	...	...
Without children	560	...	...	11.7	...	...
Total one-parent families	650	...	...	13.6	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	460	...	...	9.6	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	190	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	15,260	7,500	7,760	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total - Persons in census families	12,585	6,280	6,305	82.5	83.7	81.3
Married spouses or common-law partners	8,285	4,125	4,160	54.3	55.0	53.6
Parents in one-parent families	645	195	455	4.2	2.6	5.9
Children⁶	3,655	1,965	1,690	24.0	26.2	21.8
In a two-parent family	2,660	1,400	1,255	17.4	18.7	16.2
In a one-parent family	1,000	560	435	6.6	7.5	5.6
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	2,675	1,220	1,455	17.5	16.3	18.8
Living alone	1,695	740	955	11.1	9.9	12.3
Living with other relatives⁷	400	175	225	2.6	2.3	2.9
Living with non-relatives only	585	305	275	3.8	4.1	3.5
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	6,505	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	4,070	...	...	62.6	...	...
Couple-family households	3,635	...	...	55.9	...	...
With children⁶	1,250	...	...	19.2	...	...
Without children	2,380	...	...	36.6	...	...
One-parent-family households	440	...	...	6.8	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	210	...	...	3.2	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	65	...	...	1.0	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	230	...	...	3.5	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	230	...	...	3.5	...	...
One-person households	1,695	...	...	26.1	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	13,115	6,390	6,730	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	12,810	6,245	6,570	97.7	97.7	97.6
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	38,800	46,000	34,000	38,800	46,000	34,000
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	12,820	6,245	6,570	97.8	97.7	97.6
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	36,000	41,600	31,600	36,000	41,600	31,600
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	11,390	5,630	5,760	86.8	88.1	85.6
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	30,800	38,400	24,800	30,800	38,400	24,800
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	7,810	3,955	3,860	59.6	61.9	57.4
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	34,000	43,200	28,200	34,000	43,200	28,200
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	11,050	5,175	5,870	84.3	81.0	87.2
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	12,700	13,100	12,500	12,700	13,100	12,500
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	995	515	480	7.6	8.1	7.1
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,680	5,600	5,680	5,680	5,600	5,680
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	2,645	1,240	1,405	20.2	19.4	20.9
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	13,090	6,380	6,710	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	12,775	6,220	6,560	97.6	97.5	97.8
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	48,240	55,650	41,200	48,240	55,650	41,200
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	12,790	6,225	6,565	97.7	97.6	97.8
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	41,680	47,120	36,520	41,680	47,120	36,520
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	11,390	5,615	5,775	87.0	88.0	86.1
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	42,280	50,600	34,160	42,280	50,600	34,160
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	7,800	3,955	3,845	59.6	62.0	57.3
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	44,160	53,100	34,960	44,160	53,100	34,960
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	11,080	5,195	5,880	84.6	81.4	87.6
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	12,180	11,910	12,420	12,180	11,910	12,420
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	1,035	550	485	7.9	8.6	7.2
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,370	6,240	6,480	6,370	6,240	6,480
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	2,630	1,220	1,420	20.1	19.1	21.2
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,520	8,480	8,560	8,520	8,480	8,560
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	13,090	6,375	6,710	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	3,330	1,800	1,535	25.4	28.2	22.9
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	58,800	67,000	51,200	58,800	67,000	51,200
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	66,500	75,500	55,950	66,500	75,500	55,950
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	3,250	1,570	1,680	24.8	24.6	25.0
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	20,800	29,400	15,300	20,800	29,400	15,300
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	32,040	40,440	24,140	32,040	40,440	24,140
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	78.2	82.2	73.0	78.2	82.2	73.0
Employment income (%)¹⁹	55.9	60.7	49.7	55.9	60.7	49.7
Government transfers (%)²⁰	21.9	17.9	27.1	21.9	17.9	27.1
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.1	1.0	1.2	1.1	1.0	1.2
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	4.9	3.9	6.1	4.9	3.9	6.1
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	3.6	3.0	4.5	3.6	3.0	4.5
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	13,120	6,390	6,730	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without total income	305	145	160	2.3	2.3	2.4
With total income	12,815	6,240	6,570	97.7	97.7	97.6
Under $10,000 (including loss)	1,205	505	700	9.4	8.1	10.7
$10,000 to $19,999	1,560	580	980	12.2	9.3	14.9
$20,000 to $29,999	2,055	850	1,205	16.0	13.6	18.3
$30,000 to $39,999	1,755	770	980	13.7	12.3	14.9
$40,000 to $49,999	1,525	685	845	11.9	11.0	12.9
$50,000 to $59,999	1,170	605	565	9.1	9.7	8.6
$60,000 to $69,999	900	480	420	7.0	7.7	6.4
$70,000 to $79,999	665	405	265	5.2	6.5	4.0
$80,000 to $89,999	525	330	195	4.1	5.3	3.0
$90,000 to $99,999	385	250	140	3.0	4.0	2.1
$100,000 and over	1,060	785	275	8.3	12.6	4.2
$100,000 to $149,999	790	590	200	6.2	9.5	3.0
$150,000 and over	270	195	75	2.1	3.1	1.1
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	13,120	6,390	6,730	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without after-tax income	300	145	155	2.3	2.3	2.3
With after-tax income	12,820	6,245	6,575	97.7	97.7	97.7
Under $10,000 (including loss)	1,275	525	750	9.9	8.4	11.4
$10,000 to $19,999	1,615	610	1,005	12.6	9.8	15.3
$20,000 to $29,999	2,300	955	1,350	17.9	15.3	20.5
$30,000 to $39,999	2,020	895	1,130	15.8	14.3	17.2
$40,000 to $49,999	1,615	770	840	12.6	12.3	12.8
$50,000 to $59,999	1,275	695	580	9.9	11.1	8.8
$60,000 to $69,999	855	505	350	6.7	8.1	5.3
$70,000 to $79,999	620	400	225	4.8	6.4	3.4
$80,000 to $89,999	440	285	150	3.4	4.6	2.3
$90,000 to $99,999	285	225	65	2.2	3.6	1.0
$100,000 and over	520	385	135	4.1	6.2	2.1
$100,000 to $124,999	305	235	70	2.4	3.8	1.1
$125,000 and over	210	150	65	1.6	2.4	1.0
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	13,120	6,390	6,730	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without employment income	5,310	2,430	2,875	40.5	38.0	42.7
With employment income	7,815	3,955	3,855	59.6	61.9	57.3
Under $5,000 (including loss)	1,360	640	715	17.4	16.2	18.5
$5,000 to $9,999	605	250	355	7.7	6.3	9.2
$10,000 to $19,999	845	355	495	10.8	9.0	12.8
$20,000 to $29,999	800	345	455	10.2	8.7	11.8
$30,000 to $39,999	715	315	405	9.1	8.0	10.5
$40,000 to $49,999	665	280	390	8.5	7.1	10.1
$50,000 to $59,999	600	310	290	7.7	7.8	7.5
$60,000 to $69,999	485	275	215	6.2	7.0	5.6
$70,000 to $79,999	370	235	135	4.7	5.9	3.5
$80,000 to $89,999	335	185	145	4.3	4.7	3.8
$90,000 to $99,999	275	185	90	3.5	4.7	2.3
$100,000 and over	745	580	165	9.5	14.7	4.3
$100,000 to $124,999	415	310	105	5.3	7.8	2.7
$125,000 and over	330	270	60	4.2	6.8	1.6
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	13,115	6,390	6,730	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	12,505	6,080	6,425	95.3	95.1	95.5
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	38,000	45,600	31,800	38,000	45,600	31,800
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	12,540	6,085	6,460	95.6	95.2	96.0
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	34,400	40,400	28,800	34,400	40,400	28,800
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	11,375	5,610	5,760	86.7	87.8	85.6
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	32,000	40,800	26,000	32,000	40,800	26,000
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	8,520	4,320	4,200	65.0	67.6	62.4
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	31,800	40,000	26,600	31,800	40,000	26,600
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	9,260	4,135	5,125	70.6	64.7	76.2
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	10,700	12,500	9,600	10,700	12,500	9,600
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	825	415	415	6.3	6.5	6.2
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	5,080	5,200	5,000	5,080	5,200	5,000
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	13,090	6,380	6,710	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	12,450	6,080	6,370	95.1	95.3	94.9
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	48,040	56,750	39,680	48,040	56,750	39,680
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	12,500	6,090	6,405	95.5	95.5	95.5
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	40,640	47,440	34,200	40,640	47,440	34,200
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	11,285	5,635	5,650	86.2	88.3	84.2
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	44,360	53,350	35,400	44,360	53,350	35,400
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	8,450	4,345	4,100	64.6	68.1	61.1
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	43,080	51,850	33,800	43,080	51,850	33,800
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	9,200	4,120	5,075	70.3	64.6	75.6
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	10,590	10,820	10,390	10,590	10,820	10,390
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	760	420	335	5.8	6.6	5.0
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,680	5,680	7,920	6,680	5,680	7,920
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	13,090	6,375	6,710	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	3,315	1,795	1,515	25.3	28.2	22.6
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	55,600	66,000	47,600	55,600	66,000	47,600
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	64,300	73,100	53,900	64,300	73,100	53,900
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	3,100	1,530	1,565	23.7	24.0	23.3
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	27,600	36,000	23,000	27,600	36,000	23,000
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	38,200	47,760	28,920	38,200	47,760	28,920
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	83.8	87.0	79.2	83.8	87.0	79.2
Employment income (%)	60.9	65.2	54.9	60.9	65.2	54.9
Government transfers (%)	16.3	12.9	20.9	16.3	12.9	20.9
Employment insurance benefits (%)	0.9	0.7	1.1	0.9	0.7	1.1
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	6,500	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	80,000	...	...	80,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	72,500	...	...	72,500	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	1,695	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	40,800	...	...	40,800	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	37,200	...	...	37,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	4,805	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	97,000	...	...	97,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	87,000	...	...	87,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	6,485	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	95,000	...	...	95,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	82,200	...	...	82,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	1,680	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	50,880	...	...	50,880	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	44,200	...	...	44,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	4,810	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	110,400	...	...	110,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	95,400	...	...	95,400	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	6,500	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	60	...	...	0.9	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	25	...	...	0.4	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	45	...	...	0.7	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	105	...	...	1.6	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	270	...	...	4.2	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	205	...	...	3.2	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	215	...	...	3.3	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	235	...	...	3.6	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	265	...	...	4.1	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	280	...	...	4.3	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	505	...	...	7.8	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	530	...	...	8.2	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	480	...	...	7.4	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	455	...	...	7.0	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	365	...	...	5.6	...	...
$100,000 and over	2,450	...	...	37.7	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	800	...	...	12.3	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	600	...	...	9.2	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	660	...	...	10.2	...	...
$200,000 and over	395	...	...	6.1	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	6,500	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	65	...	...	1.0	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	30	...	...	0.5	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	50	...	...	0.8	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	110	...	...	1.7	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	280	...	...	4.3	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	235	...	...	3.6	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	230	...	...	3.5	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	300	...	...	4.6	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	270	...	...	4.2	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	310	...	...	4.8	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	615	...	...	9.5	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	580	...	...	8.9	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	570	...	...	8.8	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	465	...	...	7.2	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	440	...	...	6.8	...	...
$100,000 and over	1,935	...	...	29.8	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	830	...	...	12.8	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	470	...	...	7.2	...	...
$150,000 and over	635	...	...	9.8	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	4,640	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	96,000	...	...	96,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	86,000	...	...	86,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.8	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	2,445	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	87,000	...	...	87,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	77,500	...	...	77,500	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	1,500	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	128,000	...	...	128,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	111,000	...	...	111,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	4.1	...	...	4.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	545	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	71,500	...	...	71,500	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	65,000	...	...	65,000	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	2,275	1,050	1,225	...	...	...
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	38,400	40,800	36,800	38,400	40,800	36,800
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	35,600	37,600	34,000	35,600	37,600	34,000
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	4,610	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	109,300	...	...	109,300	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	94,400	...	...	94,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	2,430	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	100,000	...	...	100,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	84,300	...	...	84,300	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,505	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	134,600	...	...	134,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	117,600	...	...	117,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	525	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	76,400	...	...	76,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	69,600	...	...	69,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	2,310	1,060	1,250	...	...	...
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	48,720	53,200	44,900	48,720	53,200	44,900
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	42,320	45,300	39,800	42,320	45,300	39,800
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	15,265	7,505	7,760	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	2,595	1,340	1,260	17.0	17.9	16.2
0 to 5 years	745	380	365	4.9	5.1	4.7
18 to 64 years	8,170	3,920	4,255	53.5	52.2	54.8
65 years and over	4,495	2,250	2,245	29.4	30.0	28.9
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	1,695	815	885	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	385	205	180	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	110	60	50	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	790	375	415	...	...	...
65 years and over	520	235	285	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	11.1	10.8	11.4	11.1	10.8	11.4
0 to 17 years (%)	14.9	15.4	14.4	14.9	15.4	14.4
0 to 5 years (%)	14.8	15.6	14.4	14.8	15.6	14.4
18 to 64 years (%)	9.7	9.6	9.8	9.7	9.6	9.8
65 years and over (%)	11.6	10.4	12.7	11.6	10.4	12.7
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	13,800	6,750	7,050	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	2,075	1,060	1,020	15.0	15.7	14.5
0 to 5 years	590	300	285	4.3	4.4	4.0
18 to 64 years	7,350	3,520	3,835	53.3	52.1	54.4
65 years and over	4,370	2,170	2,195	31.7	32.1	31.1
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	325	165	160	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	60	30	25	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	15	5	5	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	210	110	100	...	...	...
65 years and over	55	25	30	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	2.4	2.5	2.3	2.4	2.5	2.3
0 to 17 years (%)	2.8	3.0	2.6	2.8	3.0	2.6
0 to 5 years (%)	2.4	1.6	3.0	2.4	1.6	3.0
18 to 64 years (%)	2.9	3.1	2.7	2.9	3.1	2.7
65 years and over (%)	1.3	1.2	1.4	1.3	1.2	1.4
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	15,265	7,505	7,760	100.0	100.0	100.0
In bottom half of the distribution	7,715	3,690	4,020	50.5	49.2	51.8
In bottom decile	1,540	755	785	10.1	10.1	10.1
In second decile	1,525	695	825	10.0	9.3	10.6
In third decile	1,550	745	805	10.2	9.9	10.4
In fourth decile	1,545	735	810	10.1	9.8	10.4
In fifth decile	1,555	755	800	10.2	10.1	10.3
In top half of the distribution	7,550	3,810	3,735	49.5	50.8	48.1
In sixth decile	1,735	860	870	11.4	11.5	11.2
In seventh decile	1,615	805	810	10.6	10.7	10.4
In eighth decile	1,555	775	780	10.2	10.3	10.1
In ninth decile	1,605	830	770	10.5	11.1	9.9
In top decile	1,040	535	500	6.8	7.1	6.4
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	15,260	...	...	15,260	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.300	...	...	0.300	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.424	...	...	0.424	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.269	...	...	0.269	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.6	...	...	3.6	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	15,400	7,570	7,830	100.0	100.0	100.0
English only	14,505	7,195	7,310	94.2	95.0	93.4
French only	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
English and French	855	365	490	5.6	4.8	6.3
Neither English nor French	35	15	20	0.2	0.2	0.3
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	15,400	7,570	7,830	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	15,215	7,480	7,735	98.8	98.8	98.8
French	145	80	70	0.9	1.1	0.9
English and French	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Neither English nor French	30	15	20	0.2	0.2	0.3
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	15,400	7,570	7,830	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	15,175	7,480	7,690	98.5	98.8	98.2
Official languages	14,395	7,105	7,290	93.5	93.9	93.1
English	14,235	7,015	7,215	92.4	92.7	92.1
French	160	85	80	1.0	1.1	1.0
Non-official languages	775	380	400	5.0	5.0	5.1
Indigenous languages³⁹	40	20	15	0.3	0.3	0.2
Algonquian languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	35	20	15	0.2	0.3	0.2
Halkomelem	30	15	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	740	360	380	4.8	4.8	4.9
Afro-Asiatic languages	15	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	15	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	15	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	15	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	40	15	30	0.3	0.2	0.4
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	35	10	20	0.2	0.1	0.3
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	15	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	15	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	495	250	245	3.2	3.3	3.1
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	90	50	45	0.6	0.7	0.6
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	85	45	45	0.6	0.6	0.6
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	40	15	20	0.3	0.2	0.3
Russian	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	10	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	20	15	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	245	125	125	1.6	1.7	1.6
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	125	65	65	0.8	0.9	0.8
German	120	65	60	0.8	0.9	0.8
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	95	50	40	0.6	0.7	0.5
Afrikaans	10	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Dutch	75	40	35	0.5	0.5	0.4
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	30	10	20	0.2	0.1	0.3
Danish	15	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	10	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Swedish	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	20	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Indo-Iranian languages	55	35	25	0.4	0.5	0.3
Indo-Aryan languages	55	30	25	0.4	0.4	0.3
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Hindi	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	35	20	20	0.2	0.3	0.3
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	80	35	40	0.5	0.5	0.5
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	30	15	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Spanish	40	15	25	0.3	0.2	0.3
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	25	10	20	0.2	0.1	0.3
Korean	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	60	30	35	0.4	0.4	0.4
Chinese languages	60	30	35	0.4	0.4	0.4
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	35	15	20	0.2	0.2	0.3
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	15	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Chinese, n.o.s.	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	45	25	20	0.3	0.3	0.3
Estonian	0	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Finnish	20	15	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Hungarian	20	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.2
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	225	95	135	1.5	1.3	1.7
English and French	40	20	20	0.3	0.3	0.3
English and non-official language(s)	165	65	100	1.1	0.9	1.3
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Multiple non-official languages	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	15,400	7,570	7,830	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	14,700	7,260	7,435	95.5	95.9	95.0
French	15	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Non-official language	80	35	50	0.5	0.5	0.6
Indigenous³⁹	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Non-Indigenous	80	35	50	0.5	0.5	0.6
English and French	105	40	60	0.7	0.5	0.8
English and non-official language(s)	475	215	260	3.1	2.8	3.3
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	15	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Multiple non-official languages	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	15,400	7,570	7,830	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	15,300	7,530	7,775	99.4	99.5	99.3
Official languages	15,125	7,445	7,685	98.2	98.3	98.1
English	15,105	7,435	7,670	98.1	98.2	98.0
French	20	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.2
Non-official languages	175	85	95	1.1	1.1	1.2
Indigenous languages³⁹	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Halkomelem	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	175	80	95	1.1	1.1	1.2
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	10	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	10	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	75	40	35	0.5	0.5	0.4
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	15	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Afrikaans	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Dutch	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Indo-Iranian languages	30	15	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Indo-Aryan languages	30	15	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	25	10	15	0.2	0.1	0.2
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	10	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Korean	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	30	15	20	0.2	0.2	0.3
Chinese languages	30	15	20	0.2	0.2	0.3
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	100	45	55	0.6	0.6	0.7
English and French	10	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
English and non-official language(s)	80	35	45	0.5	0.5	0.6
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	15,400	7,575	7,825	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	14,885	7,345	7,535	96.7	97.0	96.3
English	90	45	45	0.6	0.6	0.6
French	90	35	55	0.6	0.5	0.7
Non-official language	295	130	170	1.9	1.7	2.2
Indigenous³⁹	25	10	10	0.2	0.1	0.1
Non-Indigenous	270	115	155	1.8	1.5	2.0
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
French and non-official language(s)	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	25	15	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	15,230	7,485	7,750	100.0	100.0	100.0
Official languages	15,190	7,465	7,725	99.7	99.7	99.7
English	15,185	7,460	7,725	99.7	99.7	99.7
French	910	385	525	6.0	5.1	6.8
Non-official languages	1,420	685	740	9.3	9.2	9.5
Indigenous languages³⁹	205	105	105	1.3	1.4	1.4
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	200	95	100	1.3	1.3	1.3
Halkomelem	200	100	100	1.3	1.3	1.3
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	1,215	580	635	8.0	7.7	8.2
Afro-Asiatic languages	25	15	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	25	15	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	50	20	30	0.3	0.3	0.4
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	50	20	30	0.3	0.3	0.4
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	25	0	20	0.2	0.0	0.3
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	25	0	20	0.2	0.0	0.3
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	850	405	450	5.6	5.4	5.8
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	85	40	50	0.6	0.5	0.6
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	85	40	50	0.6	0.5	0.6
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Russian	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	20	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	385	215	175	2.5	2.9	2.3
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	255	145	110	1.7	1.9	1.4
German	255	145	110	1.7	1.9	1.4
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	115	70	45	0.8	0.9	0.6
Afrikaans	30	20	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
Dutch	95	50	40	0.6	0.7	0.5
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	45	20	20	0.3	0.3	0.3
Danish	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	25	15	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
Swedish	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	30	0	25	0.2	0.0	0.3
Indo-Iranian languages	25	10	15	0.2	0.1	0.2
Indo-Aryan languages	25	10	15	0.2	0.1	0.2
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	375	180	200	2.5	2.4	2.6
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	35	15	25	0.2	0.2	0.3
Portuguese	25	10	15	0.2	0.1	0.2
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	305	145	155	2.0	1.9	2.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	50	25	25	0.3	0.3	0.3
Korean	40	20	20	0.3	0.3	0.3
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	25	0	20	0.2	0.0	0.3
American Sign Language	25	0	20	0.2	0.0	0.3
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	105	50	55	0.7	0.7	0.7
Chinese languages	105	50	55	0.7	0.7	0.7
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	65	35	35	0.4	0.5	0.5
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	30	10	20	0.2	0.1	0.3
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	45	30	15	0.3	0.4	0.2
Estonian	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Finnish	30	20	10	0.2	0.3	0.1
Hungarian	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	15,235	7,485	7,750	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	2,320	1,165	1,155	15.2	15.6	14.9
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	2,255	1,145	1,110	14.8	15.3	14.3
First Nations (North American Indian)	1,745	905	845	11.5	12.1	10.9
Métis	510	245	270	3.3	3.3	3.5
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	30	0	25	0.2	0.0	0.3
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	30	15	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Non-Indigenous identity	12,910	6,315	6,595	84.7	84.4	85.1
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	15,235	7,485	7,750	100.0	100.0	100.0
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	1,625	825	805	10.7	11.0	10.4
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	13,605	6,660	6,945	89.3	89.0	89.6
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	6,485	...	...	100.0	...	...
Owner	5,200	...	...	80.2	...	...
Renter	1,065	...	...	16.4	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	215	...	...	3.3	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	6,485	...	...	100.0	...	...
Condominium	575	...	...	8.9	...	...
Not condominium	5,915	...	...	91.2	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	6,485	...	...	100.0	...	...
No bedrooms	25	...	...	0.4	...	...
1 bedroom	535	...	...	8.2	...	...
2 bedrooms	1,570	...	...	24.2	...	...
3 bedrooms	2,545	...	...	39.2	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	1,805	...	...	27.8	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	6,485	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	1,210	...	...	18.7	...	...
5 rooms	1,070	...	...	16.5	...	...
6 rooms	1,055	...	...	16.3	...	...
7 rooms	880	...	...	13.6	...	...
8 or more rooms	2,270	...	...	35.0	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.7	...	...	6.7	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	6,485	...	...	100.0	...	...
One person or fewer per room	6,390	...	...	98.5	...	...
More than one person per room	95	...	...	1.5	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	6,485	...	...	100.0	...	...
Suitable	6,215	...	...	95.8	...	...
Not suitable	270	...	...	4.2	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	6,485	...	...	100.0	...	...
1960 or before	1,235	...	...	19.0	...	...
1961 to 1980	1,725	...	...	26.6	...	...
1981 to 1990	765	...	...	11.8	...	...
1991 to 2000	1,070	...	...	16.5	...	...
2001 to 2005	390	...	...	6.0	...	...
2006 to 2010	565	...	...	8.7	...	...
2011 to 2015	365	...	...	5.6	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	380	...	...	5.9	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	6,485	...	...	100.0	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	6,030	...	...	93.0	...	...
Major repairs needed	460	...	...	7.1	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	6,485	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-maintainer household	3,095	...	...	47.7	...	...
Two-maintainer household	3,035	...	...	46.8	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	345	...	...	5.3	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	6,485	...	...	100.0	...	...
15 to 24 years	55	...	...	0.8	...	...
25 to 34 years	455	...	...	7.0	...	...
35 to 44 years	815	...	...	12.6	...	...
45 to 54 years	990	...	...	15.3	...	...
55 to 64 years	1,425	...	...	22.0	...	...
65 to 74 years	1,660	...	...	25.6	...	...
75 to 84 years	805	...	...	12.4	...	...
85 years and over	275	...	...	4.2	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	6,080	...	...	100.0	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	5,035	...	...	82.8	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	1,045	...	...	17.2	...	...
30% to less than 100%	970	...	...	16.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	6,485	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	1,630	...	...	25.1	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	970	...	...	15.0	...	...
Not suitable only	180	...	...	2.8	...	...
Major repairs needed only	340	...	...	5.2	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	20	...	...	0.3	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	50	...	...	0.8	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	65	...	...	1.0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Acceptable housing	4,860	...	...	74.9	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	6,010	...	...	100.0	...	...
In core need	425	...	...	7.1	...	...
Not in core need	5,585	...	...	92.9	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	5,050	...	...	...	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	52.7	...	...	52.7	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	13.1	...	...	13.1	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	4.4	...	...	4.4	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	960	...	...	960	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,252	...	...	1,252	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	600,000	...	...	600,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	682,000	...	...	682,000	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	1,050	...	...	...	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	7.6	...	...	7.6	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	37.2	...	...	37.2	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	20.6	...	...	20.6	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,130	...	...	1,130	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,172	...	...	1,172	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	215	...	...	...	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	9.5	...	...	9.5	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	250	...	...	250	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	336	...	...	336	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	15,235	7,485	7,750	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	1,620	840	780	10.6	11.2	10.1
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	1,615	835	780	10.6	11.2	10.1
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	1,515	780	735	9.9	10.4	9.5
Métis single ancestry	95	50	50	0.6	0.7	0.6
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	785	360	430	5.2	4.8	5.5
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	750	340	410	4.9	4.5	5.3
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	465	210	260	3.1	2.8	3.4
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	275	130	145	1.8	1.7	1.9
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	40	20	15	0.3	0.3	0.2
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	35	15	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	12,835	6,290	6,545	84.2	84.0	84.5
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	15,235	7,480	7,755	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	14,880	7,315	7,565	97.7	97.8	97.5
Canadian citizens aged under 18	2,620	1,340	1,275	17.2	17.9	16.4
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	12,260	5,970	6,290	80.5	79.8	81.1
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	355	170	180	2.3	2.3	2.3
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	15,235	7,480	7,755	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	13,440	6,650	6,790	88.2	88.9	87.6
Immigrants⁸¹	1,710	795	915	11.2	10.6	11.8
Before 1980	1,040	460	580	6.8	6.1	7.5
1980 to 1990	160	75	90	1.1	1.0	1.2
1991 to 2000	165	95	70	1.1	1.3	0.9
2001 to 2010	245	135	110	1.6	1.8	1.4
2011 to 2021⁸²	100	30	70	0.7	0.4	0.9
2011 to 2015	40	15	25	0.3	0.2	0.3
2016 to 2021	60	15	40	0.4	0.2	0.5
Non-permanent residents⁸³	80	35	45	0.5	0.5	0.6
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	1,710	795	915	100.0	100.0	100.0
Under 5 years	260	110	150	15.2	13.8	16.4
5 to 14 years	360	165	190	21.1	20.8	20.8
15 to 24 years	445	215	230	26.0	27.0	25.1
25 to 44 years	530	245	290	31.0	30.8	31.7
45 years and over	115	60	60	6.7	7.5	6.6
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	1,710	795	915	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	330	130	195	19.3	16.4	21.3
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
El Salvador	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyana	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	30	15	15	1.8	1.9	1.6
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidad and Tobago	15	0	10	0.9	0.0	1.1
United States of America	220	90	130	12.9	11.3	14.2
Other places of birth in Americas	45	15	35	2.6	1.9	3.8
Europe	1,060	515	545	62.0	64.8	59.6
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatia	15	15	0	0.9	1.9	0.0
France	10	0	10	0.6	0.0	1.1
Germany	95	40	55	5.6	5.0	6.0
Greece	10	0	10	0.6	0.0	1.1
Hungary	10	10	0	0.6	1.3	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Netherlands	75	45	35	4.4	5.7	3.8
Poland	35	20	10	2.0	2.5	1.1
Portugal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	650	280	365	38.0	35.2	39.9
Other places of birth in Europe	120	80	40	7.0	10.1	4.4
Africa	45	25	20	2.6	3.1	2.2
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	25	20	0	1.5	2.5	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	20	0	15	1.2	0.0	1.6
Asia	205	85	120	12.0	10.7	13.1
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	35	15	20	2.0	1.9	2.2
Hong Kong⁹¹	20	0	15	1.2	0.0	1.6
Korea, South⁹²	15	0	0	0.9	0.0	0.0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	25	0	25	1.5	0.0	2.7
Viet Nam	20	10	10	1.2	1.3	1.1
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	30	10	25	1.8	1.3	2.7
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	35	15	15	2.0	1.9	1.6
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	80	40	35	4.7	5.0	3.8
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	60	15	45	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	30	10	20	50.0	66.7	44.4
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	10	0	10	16.7	0.0	22.2
United States of America	20	10	10	33.3	66.7	22.2
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Europe	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asia	20	0	20	33.3	0.0	44.4
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	10	0	10	16.7	0.0	22.2
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	15,230	7,485	7,750	100.0	100.0	100.0
First generation¹⁰⁰	1,915	895	1,020	12.6	12.0	13.2
Second generation¹⁰¹	2,655	1,340	1,315	17.4	17.9	17.0
Third generation or more¹⁰²	10,665	5,250	5,415	70.0	70.1	69.9
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	670	330	340	100.0	100.0	100.0
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	340	180	155	50.7	54.5	45.6
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	130	80	55	19.4	24.2	16.2
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	210	105	105	31.3	31.8	30.9
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	295	135	165	44.0	40.9	48.5
Refugees¹⁰⁸	30	10	20	4.5	3.0	5.9
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	670	330	340	100.0	100.0	100.0
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	170	90	75	25.4	27.3	22.1
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	15	10	10	2.2	3.0	2.9
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	25	0	25	3.7	0.0	7.4
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	10	0	10	1.5	0.0	2.9
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	445	215	230	66.4	65.2	67.6
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	15,235	7,485	7,750	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	615	260	360	4.0	3.5	4.6
South Asian	75	20	55	0.5	0.3	0.7
Chinese	145	70	75	1.0	0.9	1.0
Black	65	25	45	0.4	0.3	0.6
Filipino	65	20	45	0.4	0.3	0.6
Arab	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latin American	35	15	20	0.2	0.2	0.3
Southeast Asian	55	20	25	0.4	0.3	0.3
West Asian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	35	20	20	0.2	0.3	0.3
Japanese	70	35	30	0.5	0.5	0.4
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	30	15	20	0.2	0.2	0.3
Multiple visible minorities	45	15	35	0.3	0.2	0.5
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	14,615	7,225	7,390	95.9	96.5	95.4
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	15,235	7,480	7,755	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian	1,850	935	915	12.1	12.5	11.8
English	4,705	2,270	2,435	30.9	30.3	31.4
Irish	2,570	1,250	1,320	16.9	16.7	17.0
Scottish	3,815	1,750	2,065	25.0	23.4	26.6
French, n.o.s.¹²²	1,055	495	555	6.9	6.6	7.2
German	2,185	1,060	1,130	14.3	14.2	14.6
Chinese	185	65	120	1.2	0.9	1.5
Italian	595	335	255	3.9	4.5	3.3
Indian (India)	80	25	60	0.5	0.3	0.8
Ukrainian	725	340	390	4.8	4.5	5.0
Dutch	740	350	395	4.9	4.7	5.1
Polish	475	180	290	3.1	2.4	3.7
Québécois	30	10	15	0.2	0.1	0.2
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	970	475	500	6.4	6.4	6.4
Filipino	50	15	35	0.3	0.2	0.5
French Canadian	140	60	80	0.9	0.8	1.0
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	215	140	75	1.4	1.9	1.0
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	1,005	505	500	6.6	6.8	6.4
Métis	415	200	215	2.7	2.7	2.8
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	390	190	205	2.6	2.5	2.6
Russian	305	130	175	2.0	1.7	2.3
Norwegian	620	305	315	4.1	4.1	4.1
Welsh	375	180	195	2.5	2.4	2.5
Portuguese	35	20	15	0.2	0.3	0.2
American	365	190	170	2.4	2.5	2.2
Spanish	100	40	55	0.7	0.5	0.7
Swedish	410	200	210	2.7	2.7	2.7
Hungarian	210	105	100	1.4	1.4	1.3
Acadian	50	20	30	0.3	0.3	0.4
Pakistani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
Jewish	55	40	20	0.4	0.5	0.3
Punjabi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	60	30	35	0.4	0.4	0.5
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	80	15	60	0.5	0.2	0.8
Jamaican	25	10	15	0.2	0.1	0.2
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	20	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.3
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	80	30	55	0.5	0.4	0.7
Korean	40	20	20	0.3	0.3	0.3
Romanian	95	40	55	0.6	0.5	0.7
Lebanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	20	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Danish	320	160	165	2.1	2.1	2.1
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	85	55	35	0.6	0.7	0.5
Sikh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austrian	170	75	90	1.1	1.0	1.2
Belgian	95	50	40	0.6	0.7	0.5
Haitian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindu	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Mexican	40	15	20	0.3	0.2	0.3
Mennonite	85	30	55	0.6	0.4	0.7
Swiss	55	15	35	0.4	0.2	0.5
Finnish	285	125	170	1.9	1.7	2.2
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	80	55	20	0.5	0.7	0.3
Japanese	85	45	40	0.6	0.6	0.5
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	195	110	80	1.3	1.5	1.0
Muslim	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egyptian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	105	45	70	0.7	0.6	0.9
Colombian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moroccan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	55	25	35	0.4	0.3	0.5
Syrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afghan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Ojibway	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Newfoundlander	35	25	15	0.2	0.3	0.2
Hong Konger	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ontarian	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Persian	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	25	10	15	0.2	0.1	0.2
Turkish	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Slovak	60	40	15	0.4	0.5	0.2
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	20	15	15	0.1	0.2	0.2
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwanese	30	20	10	0.2	0.3	0.1
Iraqi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
South African	35	15	20	0.2	0.2	0.3
Australian	85	35	55	0.6	0.5	0.7
Palestinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chilean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congolese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Peruvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	35	20	20	0.2	0.3	0.3
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Canadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israeli	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	25	10	15	0.2	0.1	0.2
Bulgarian	25	0	20	0.2	0.0	0.3
Albertan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African American	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Tunisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Laotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
British Columbian	60	35	25	0.4	0.5	0.3
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Argentinian	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Estonian	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jatt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dominican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Abenaki	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Zealander	50	20	30	0.3	0.3	0.4
Sudanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Breton	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malaysian	25	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.2
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saskatchewanian	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Buddhist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gaspesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norman	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Burundian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mauritian	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Manitoban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Honduran	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cherokee	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Flemish	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
United Empire Loyalist	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Senegalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Goan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamileke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Libyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Basque	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igorot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guinean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maliseet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Beninese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Roma	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tajik	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amhara	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	15,235	7,485	7,750	100.0	100.0	100.0
Buddhist	45	25	25	0.3	0.3	0.3
Christian	5,040	2,225	2,815	33.1	29.7	36.3
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	1,030	455	580	6.8	6.1	7.5
Anabaptist	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Anglican	705	265	440	4.6	3.5	5.7
Baptist	200	80	115	1.3	1.1	1.5
Catholic	1,440	690	750	9.5	9.2	9.7
Christian Orthodox	50	20	30	0.3	0.3	0.4
Jehovah's Witness	85	55	35	0.6	0.7	0.5
Latter Day Saints	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Lutheran	160	85	75	1.1	1.1	1.0
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	150	65	85	1.0	0.9	1.1
Presbyterian	75	25	50	0.5	0.3	0.6
Reformed	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Church	775	325	450	5.1	4.3	5.8
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	350	150	200	2.3	2.0	2.6
Hindu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jewish	35	25	10	0.2	0.3	0.1
Muslim	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sikh	45	15	30	0.3	0.2	0.4
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	715	365	350	4.7	4.9	4.5
Other religions and spiritual traditions	145	35	110	1.0	0.5	1.4
No religion and secular perspectives	9,205	4,790	4,410	60.4	64.0	56.9
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	15,120	7,430	7,690	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	13,525	6,695	6,830	89.5	90.1	88.8
Movers	1,590	735	855	10.5	9.9	11.1
Non-migrants	475	245	235	3.1	3.3	3.1
Migrants	1,115	485	625	7.4	6.5	8.1
Internal migrants	1,060	465	595	7.0	6.3	7.7
Intraprovincial migrants	755	340	415	5.0	4.6	5.4
Interprovincial migrants	305	125	180	2.0	1.7	2.3
External migrants	50	20	30	0.3	0.3	0.4
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	14,680	7,175	7,505	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	9,090	4,500	4,595	61.9	62.7	61.2
Movers	5,590	2,680	2,910	38.1	37.4	38.8
Non-migrants	1,095	490	605	7.5	6.8	8.1
Migrants	4,495	2,185	2,305	30.6	30.5	30.7
Internal migrants	4,335	2,115	2,220	29.5	29.5	29.6
Intraprovincial migrants	3,435	1,685	1,745	23.4	23.5	23.3
Interprovincial migrants	905	430	475	6.2	6.0	6.3
External migrants	155	75	85	1.1	1.0	1.1
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	13,090	6,380	6,710	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	2,460	1,465	995	18.8	23.0	14.8
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	10,625	4,915	5,715	81.2	77.0	85.2
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	7,350	3,570	3,780	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	970	615	350	13.2	17.2	9.3
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	6,380	2,950	3,430	86.8	82.6	90.7
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	13,085	6,380	6,710	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	2,025	1,165	865	15.5	18.3	12.9
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	4,005	1,885	2,125	30.6	29.5	31.7
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	7,060	3,335	3,720	54.0	52.3	55.4
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	4,605	2,305	2,305	35.2	36.1	34.4
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	1,435	1,130	300	11.0	17.7	4.5
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	505	320	185	3.9	5.0	2.8
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	925	810	115	7.1	12.7	1.7
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	2,610	995	1,610	19.9	15.6	24.0
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	560	170	390	4.3	2.7	5.8
Bachelor's degree or higher	2,450	1,035	1,415	18.7	16.2	21.1
Bachelor's degree	1,510	595	910	11.5	9.3	13.6
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	250	85	170	1.9	1.3	2.5
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	60	30	30	0.5	0.5	0.4
Master's degree	540	270	275	4.1	4.2	4.1
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	95	60	35	0.7	0.9	0.5
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	7,350	3,565	3,785	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	745	475	270	10.1	13.3	7.1
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	2,195	1,080	1,120	29.9	30.3	29.6
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	4,410	2,015	2,395	60.0	56.5	63.3
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	2,895	1,425	1,470	39.4	40.0	38.8
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	900	725	175	12.2	20.3	4.6
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	345	230	115	4.7	6.5	3.0
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	555	495	55	7.6	13.9	1.5
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	1,655	620	1,035	22.5	17.4	27.3
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	345	85	260	4.7	2.4	6.9
Bachelor's degree or higher	1,515	590	925	20.6	16.5	24.4
Bachelor's degree	995	390	605	13.5	10.9	16.0
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	155	60	100	2.1	1.7	2.6
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	20	0	20	0.3	0.0	0.5
Master's degree	295	125	170	4.0	3.5	4.5
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	40	20	25	0.5	0.6	0.7
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	13,090	6,380	6,710	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	6,035	3,045	2,990	46.1	47.7	44.6
Education	655	220	430	5.0	3.4	6.4
13. Education	655	220	430	5.0	3.4	6.4
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	330	135	195	2.5	2.1	2.9
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	25	15	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
50. Visual and performing arts	305	120	185	2.3	1.9	2.8
Humanities	280	120	165	2.1	1.9	2.5
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	40	15	20	0.3	0.2	0.3
23. English language and literature/letters	105	15	85	0.8	0.2	1.3
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	65	15	45	0.5	0.2	0.7
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
39. Theology and religious vocations	25	15	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
54. History	35	30	0	0.3	0.5	0.0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	650	180	470	5.0	2.8	7.0
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	25	10	25	0.2	0.2	0.4
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	50	15	40	0.4	0.2	0.6
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	160	15	140	1.2	0.2	2.1
22. Legal professions and studies	55	0	45	0.4	0.0	0.7
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	15	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
42. Psychology	175	50	120	1.3	0.8	1.8
45. Social sciences	180	85	100	1.4	1.3	1.5
Business, management and public administration	1,185	325	860	9.1	5.1	12.8
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	120	25	95	0.9	0.4	1.4
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	1,065	295	765	8.1	4.6	11.4
Physical and life sciences and technologies	205	95	105	1.6	1.5	1.6
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	100	50	45	0.8	0.8	0.7
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	50	15	35	0.4	0.2	0.5
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
40. Physical sciences	30	30	0	0.2	0.5	0.0
41. Science technologies/technicians	25	0	20	0.2	0.0	0.3
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	155	65	95	1.2	1.0	1.4
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	140	55	90	1.1	0.9	1.3
25. Library science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
27. Mathematics and statistics	15	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	1,605	1,500	105	12.3	23.5	1.6
04. Architecture and related services	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
14. Engineering	185	155	30	1.4	2.4	0.4
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	305	275	30	2.3	4.3	0.4
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	420	410	10	3.2	6.4	0.1
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	435	405	30	3.3	6.3	0.4
48. Precision production	250	250	10	1.9	3.9	0.1
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	330	180	145	2.5	2.8	2.2
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	165	75	90	1.3	1.2	1.3
03. Natural resources and conservation	160	105	55	1.2	1.6	0.8
Health and related fields	1,160	205	965	8.9	3.2	14.4
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	95	55	40	0.7	0.9	0.6
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	1,055	140	915	8.1	2.2	13.6
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Personal, protective and transportation services	495	310	185	3.8	4.9	2.8
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	225	75	150	1.7	1.2	2.2
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
43. Security and protective services	65	50	15	0.5	0.8	0.2
49. Transportation and materials moving	200	175	25	1.5	2.7	0.4
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	7,350	3,570	3,780	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	2,945	1,555	1,390	40.1	43.6	36.8
Education	325	85	235	4.4	2.4	6.2
13. Education	325	85	235	4.4	2.4	6.2
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	190	60	130	2.6	1.7	3.4
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	15	15	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
50. Visual and performing arts	175	50	130	2.4	1.4	3.4
Humanities	165	55	110	2.2	1.5	2.9
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
23. English language and literature/letters	65	0	60	0.9	0.0	1.6
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	50	20	35	0.7	0.6	0.9
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
39. Theology and religious vocations	15	10	10	0.2	0.3	0.3
54. History	25	20	0	0.3	0.6	0.0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	445	140	305	6.1	3.9	8.1
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	20	0	15	0.3	0.0	0.4
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	45	15	35	0.6	0.4	0.9
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	105	15	90	1.4	0.4	2.4
22. Legal professions and studies	25	0	25	0.3	0.0	0.7
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
42. Psychology	130	40	95	1.8	1.1	2.5
45. Social sciences	115	60	55	1.6	1.7	1.5
Business, management and public administration	780	205	575	10.6	5.7	15.2
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	80	20	60	1.1	0.6	1.6
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	700	185	515	9.5	5.2	13.6
Physical and life sciences and technologies	125	40	85	1.7	1.1	2.2
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	60	25	35	0.8	0.7	0.9
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	35	10	25	0.5	0.3	0.7
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
40. Physical sciences	15	10	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
41. Science technologies/technicians	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.3
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	120	45	75	1.6	1.3	2.0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	115	45	65	1.6	1.3	1.7
25. Library science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	965	905	60	13.1	25.4	1.6
04. Architecture and related services	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
14. Engineering	115	90	25	1.6	2.5	0.7
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	140	135	10	1.9	3.8	0.3
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	285	280	0	3.9	7.8	0.0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	260	245	15	3.5	6.9	0.4
48. Precision production	150	150	0	2.0	4.2	0.0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	230	110	120	3.1	3.1	3.2
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	105	40	60	1.4	1.1	1.6
03. Natural resources and conservation	135	75	60	1.8	2.1	1.6
Health and related fields	705	135	565	9.6	3.8	14.9
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	70	35	35	1.0	1.0	0.9
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	625	95	530	8.5	2.7	14.0
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Personal, protective and transportation services	355	215	140	4.8	6.0	3.7
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	160	50	105	2.2	1.4	2.8
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	35	30	10	0.5	0.8	0.3
49. Transportation and materials moving	160	140	25	2.2	3.9	0.7
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	7,350	3,570	3,780	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,945	1,555	1,390	40.1	43.6	36.8
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	4,410	2,020	2,390	60.0	56.6	63.2
Location of study inside Canada	4,075	1,865	2,210	55.4	52.2	58.5
Same as province or territory of residence	3,190	1,465	1,725	43.4	41.0	45.6
Different than province or territory of residence	890	400	485	12.1	11.2	12.8
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	330	150	180	4.5	4.2	4.8
Americas	120	45	70	1.6	1.3	1.9
United States of America	90	40	50	1.2	1.1	1.3
Mexico	20	10	10	0.3	0.3	0.3
Cuba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Europe	110	55	50	1.5	1.5	1.3
Belgium	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germany	10	10	0	0.1	0.3	0.0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Switzerland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	85	35	50	1.2	1.0	1.3
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Europe	10	10	0	0.1	0.3	0.0
Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asia	85	35	50	1.2	1.0	1.3
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	15	10	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	25	10	15	0.3	0.3	0.4
Philippines	15	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.4
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania	20	10	0	0.3	0.3	0.0
Australia	20	10	0	0.3	0.3	0.0
New Zealand	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	13,085	6,380	6,710	...	...	...
In the labour force	6,770	3,510	3,260	...	...	...
Employed	6,255	3,205	3,050	...	...	...
Unemployed	510	305	210	...	...	...
Not in the labour force	6,320	2,870	3,455	...	...	...
Participation rate	51.7	55.0	48.6	51.7	55.0	48.6
Employment rate	47.8	50.2	45.5	47.8	50.2	45.5
Unemployment rate	7.5	8.7	6.4	7.5	8.7	6.4
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	13,090	6,380	6,710	100.0	100.0	100.0
Did not work¹⁸⁶	6,120	2,785	3,335	46.8	43.7	49.7
Worked	6,970	3,595	3,375	53.2	56.3	50.3
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	3,435	1,865	1,575	26.2	29.2	23.5
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	3,530	1,730	1,800	27.0	27.1	26.8
Average weeks worked in reference year	40.5	41.0	39.8	40.5	41.0	39.8
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	6,770	3,515	3,255	100.0	100.0	100.0
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	120	70	50	1.8	2.0	1.5
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	6,645	3,440	3,210	98.2	97.9	98.6
Employee	5,410	2,705	2,705	79.9	77.0	83.1
Permanent position	4,645	2,350	2,300	68.6	66.9	70.7
Temporary position	765	360	405	11.3	10.2	12.4
Fixed term (1 year or more)	175	65	105	2.6	1.8	3.2
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	590	295	295	8.7	8.4	9.1
Self-employed¹⁹²	1,235	730	505	18.2	20.8	15.5
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	6,770	3,515	3,255	100.0	100.0	100.0
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	120	70	50	1.8	2.0	1.5
All occupations¹⁹¹	6,645	3,440	3,210	98.2	97.9	98.6
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	45	30	10	0.7	0.9	0.3
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	940	200	735	13.9	5.7	22.6
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	360	285	75	5.3	8.1	2.3
3 Health occupations	485	80	400	7.2	2.3	12.3
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	925	265	660	13.7	7.5	20.3
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	160	70	90	2.4	2.0	2.8
6 Sales and service occupations	1,570	585	990	23.2	16.6	30.4
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	1,570	1,425	140	23.2	40.5	4.3
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	290	240	55	4.3	6.8	1.7
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	300	255	45	4.4	7.3	1.4
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	6,770	3,515	3,255	100.0	100.0	100.0
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	120	70	50	1.8	2.0	1.5
All industries¹⁹¹	6,645	3,440	3,210	98.2	97.9	98.6
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	300	235	65	4.4	6.7	2.0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	50	50	0	0.7	1.4	0.0
22 Utilities	50	45	0	0.7	1.3	0.0
23 Construction	710	595	110	10.5	16.9	3.4
31-33 Manufacturing	495	370	125	7.3	10.5	3.8
41 Wholesale trade	135	105	25	2.0	3.0	0.8
44-45 Retail trade	740	300	435	10.9	8.5	13.4
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	375	275	105	5.5	7.8	3.2
51 Information and cultural industries	150	85	65	2.2	2.4	2.0
52 Finance and insurance	175	45	130	2.6	1.3	4.0
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	85	60	25	1.3	1.7	0.8
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	440	205	230	6.5	5.8	7.1
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	320	215	100	4.7	6.1	3.1
61 Educational services	515	160	350	7.6	4.6	10.8
62 Health care and social assistance	885	150	740	13.1	4.3	22.7
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	85	40	45	1.3	1.1	1.4
72 Accommodation and food services	415	140	280	6.1	4.0	8.6
81 Other services (except public administration)	325	170	155	4.8	4.8	4.8
91 Public administration	390	190	205	5.8	5.4	6.3
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	7,455	3,825	3,625	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	7,290	3,775	3,520	97.8	98.7	97.1
French	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.3
Non-official language	10	10	0	0.1	0.3	0.0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	10	10	0	0.1	0.3	0.0
English and French	50	0	45	0.7	0.0	1.2
English and non-official language(s)	95	40	55	1.3	1.0	1.5
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	7,455	3,825	3,625	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	7,430	3,820	3,610	99.7	99.9	99.6
Official languages	7,415	3,805	3,610	99.5	99.5	99.6
English	7,380	3,805	3,580	99.0	99.5	98.8
French	30	0	30	0.4	0.0	0.8
Non-official languages	20	15	0	0.3	0.4	0.0
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	20	15	0	0.3	0.4	0.0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	20	15	0	0.3	0.4	0.0
Chinese languages	20	15	0	0.3	0.4	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	20	15	0	0.3	0.4	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	20	10	15	0.3	0.3	0.4
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	20	10	15	0.3	0.3	0.4
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	7,455	3,825	3,625	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	7,330	3,790	3,540	98.3	99.1	97.7
English	30	0	30	0.4	0.0	0.8
French	25	0	25	0.3	0.0	0.7
Non-official language	50	20	30	0.7	0.5	0.8
Indigenous³⁹	20	10	10	0.3	0.3	0.3
Non-Indigenous	35	10	20	0.5	0.3	0.6
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	6,255	3,205	3,050	100.0	100.0	100.0
Worked at home	1,070	460	610	17.1	14.4	20.0
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
No fixed workplace address	1,150	890	255	18.4	27.8	8.4
Usual place of work	4,035	1,855	2,180	64.5	57.9	71.5
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	4,035	1,855	2,180	100.0	100.0	100.0
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	1,205	430	775	29.9	23.2	35.6
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	1,305	620	685	32.3	33.4	31.4
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	1,475	760	710	36.6	41.0	32.6
Commute to a different province or territory	45	35	0	1.1	1.9	0.0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	5,180	2,745	2,435	100.0	100.0	100.0
Car, truck or van	4,675	2,540	2,140	90.3	92.5	87.9
Car, truck or van - as a driver	4,385	2,405	1,980	84.7	87.6	81.3
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	285	135	155	5.5	4.9	6.4
Public transit	20	15	0	0.4	0.5	0.0
Walked	330	120	210	6.4	4.4	8.6
Bicycle	25	15	0	0.5	0.5	0.0
Other method	130	55	75	2.5	2.0	3.1
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	5,180	2,745	2,435	100.0	100.0	100.0
Less than 15 minutes	1,885	790	1,100	36.4	28.8	45.2
15 to 29 minutes	1,655	890	765	31.9	32.4	31.4
30 to 44 minutes	1,055	645	415	20.4	23.5	17.0
45 to 59 minutes	190	120	75	3.7	4.4	3.1
60 minutes and over	390	300	85	7.5	10.9	3.5
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	5,180	2,745	2,435	100.0	100.0	100.0
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	315	215	95	6.1	7.8	3.9
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	935	635	300	18.1	23.1	12.3
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	1,440	835	605	27.8	30.4	24.8
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	1,170	470	700	22.6	17.1	28.7
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	695	230	465	13.4	8.4	19.1
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	625	360	265	12.1	13.1	10.9
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	2,640	1,360	1,285	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	130	75	50	4.9	5.5	3.9
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	2,515	1,280	1,230	95.3	94.1	95.7
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	1,995	1,015	975	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	95	50	45	4.8	4.9	4.6
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	35	15	20	1.8	1.5	2.1
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	60	35	25	3.0	3.4	2.6
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	1,900	960	940	95.2	94.6	96.4

Symbol legend

...
not applicable
^r
revised

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 30, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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