Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	TrailMore information: British Columbia [Census agglomeration]
	Counts			Rates
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	14,268	...	...	...	...	...
Population, 2016¹	14,196^r	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	0.5	...	...	0.5	...	...
Total private dwellings²	6,838	...	...	...	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	6,513	...	...	...	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	51.1	...	...	51.1	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	279.13	...	...	...	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	14,265	7,020	7,250	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	1,975	1,005	960	13.8	14.3	13.2
0 to 4 years	545	270	275	3.8	3.8	3.8
5 to 9 years	695	380	315	4.9	5.4	4.3
10 to 14 years	730	355	375	5.1	5.1	5.2
15 to 64 years	8,540	4,295	4,245	59.9	61.2	58.6
15 to 19 years	645	325	320	4.5	4.6	4.4
20 to 24 years	675	355	310	4.7	5.1	4.3
25 to 29 years	865	470	395	6.1	6.7	5.4
30 to 34 years	780	390	390	5.5	5.6	5.4
35 to 39 years	890	450	440	6.2	6.4	6.1
40 to 44 years	755	385	370	5.3	5.5	5.1
45 to 49 years	760	380	380	5.3	5.4	5.2
50 to 54 years	845	415	430	5.9	5.9	5.9
55 to 59 years	1,035	480	550	7.3	6.8	7.6
60 to 64 years	1,300	640	660	9.1	9.1	9.1
65 years and over	3,750	1,715	2,040	26.3	24.4	28.1
65 to 69 years	1,225	590	630	8.6	8.4	8.7
70 to 74 years	990	455	535	6.9	6.5	7.4
75 to 79 years	615	295	320	4.3	4.2	4.4
80 to 84 years	450	195	255	3.2	2.8	3.5
85 years and over	475	180	300	3.3	2.6	4.1
85 to 89 years	305	115	190	2.1	1.6	2.6
90 to 94 years	135	60	80	0.9	0.9	1.1
95 to 99 years	30	10	25	0.2	0.1	0.3
100 years and over	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	13.8	14.3	13.2	13.8	14.3	13.2
15 to 64 years	59.9	61.2	58.6	59.9	61.2	58.6
65 years and over	26.3	24.4	28.1	26.3	24.4	28.1
85 years and over	3.3	2.6	4.1	3.3	2.6	4.1
Average age of the population	46.2	45.0	47.4	46.2	45.0	47.4
Median age of the population	48.8	46.4	50.8	48.8	46.4	50.8
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	6,515	...	...	100.0	...	...
Single-detached house	4,950	...	...	76.0	...	...
Semi-detached house	240	...	...	3.7	...	...
Row house	200	...	...	3.1	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	225	...	...	3.5	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	780	...	...	12.0	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Other single-attached house	15	...	...	0.2	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	95	...	...	1.5	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	6,510	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 person	2,260	...	...	34.7	...	...
2 persons	2,490	...	...	38.2	...	...
3 persons	810	...	...	12.4	...	...
4 persons	670	...	...	10.3	...	...
5 or more persons	280	...	...	4.3	...	...
Number of persons in private households	13,865	6,875	6,985	100.0	100.0	100.0
Average household size	2.1	...	...	2.1	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	12,295	6,010	6,285	100.0	100.0	100.0
Married or living common-law	6,965	3,480	3,480	56.6	57.9	55.4
Married	5,495	2,750	2,755	44.7	45.8	43.8
Living common-law	1,465	730	730	11.9	12.1	11.6
Living common law - Never married	1,005	500	500	8.2	8.3	8.0
Living common law - Separated	85	45	40	0.7	0.7	0.6
Living common law - Divorced	330	180	155	2.7	3.0	2.5
Living common law - Widowed	50	10	35	0.4	0.2	0.6
Not married and not living common-law	5,330	2,530	2,800	43.4	42.1	44.6
Not married and not living common law - Never married	2,950	1,710	1,240	24.0	28.5	19.7
Not married and not living common law - Separated	410	180	235	3.3	3.0	3.7
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	1,005	440	570	8.2	7.3	9.1
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	970	200	770	7.9	3.3	12.3
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	4,070	...	...	100.0	...	...
2 persons	2,495	...	...	61.3	...	...
3 persons	765	...	...	18.8	...	...
4 persons	600	...	...	14.7	...	...
5 or more persons	210	...	...	5.2	...	...
Average size of census families	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.7	...	...	1.7	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	4,065	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total couple families	3,425	...	...	84.3	...	...
Married couples	2,690	...	...	66.2	...	...
With children⁶	1,040	...	...	25.6	...	...
Without children	1,650	...	...	40.6	...	...
Common-law couples	735	...	...	18.1	...	...
With children⁶	285	...	...	7.0	...	...
Without children	450	...	...	11.1	...	...
Total one-parent families	645	...	...	15.9	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	475	...	...	11.7	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	170	...	...	4.2	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	13,865	6,875	6,985	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total - Persons in census families	10,795	5,380	5,410	77.9	78.3	77.5
Married spouses or common-law partners	6,845	3,425	3,415	49.4	49.8	48.9
Parents in one-parent families	645	170	475	4.7	2.5	6.8
Children⁶	3,300	1,780	1,520	23.8	25.9	21.8
In a two-parent family	2,345	1,255	1,095	16.9	18.3	15.7
In a one-parent family	955	525	430	6.9	7.6	6.2
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	3,065	1,500	1,570	22.1	21.8	22.5
Living alone	2,265	1,055	1,205	16.3	15.3	17.3
Living with other relatives⁷	230	110	120	1.7	1.6	1.7
Living with non-relatives only	580	335	245	4.2	4.9	3.5
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	6,515	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	3,745	...	...	57.5	...	...
Couple-family households	3,230	...	...	49.6	...	...
With children⁶	1,250	...	...	19.2	...	...
Without children	1,975	...	...	30.3	...	...
One-parent-family households	520	...	...	8.0	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	105	...	...	1.6	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	15	...	...	0.2	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	145	...	...	2.2	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	240	...	...	3.7	...	...
One-person households	2,265	...	...	34.8	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	11,895	5,870	6,025	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	11,595	5,735	5,860	97.5	97.7	97.3
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	42,000	50,400	34,800	42,000	50,400	34,800
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	11,600	5,740	5,865	97.5	97.8	97.3
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	38,000	45,200	32,000	38,000	45,200	32,000
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	10,335	5,230	5,100	86.9	89.1	84.6
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	33,600	43,600	25,600	33,600	43,600	25,600
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	8,020	4,415	3,605	67.4	75.2	59.8
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	34,000	41,200	29,800	34,000	41,200	29,800
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	9,760	4,520	5,240	82.1	77.0	87.0
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	12,700	13,200	12,400	12,700	13,200	12,400
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	1,110	540	575	9.3	9.2	9.5
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,480	5,480	5,480	5,480	5,480	5,480
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	2,310	1,020	1,285	19.4	17.4	21.3
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	11,890	5,855	6,035	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	11,595	5,730	5,865	97.5	97.9	97.2
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	50,720	61,450	40,240	50,720	61,450	40,240
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	11,600	5,735	5,865	97.6	98.0	97.2
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	43,840	52,050	35,840	43,840	52,050	35,840
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	10,385	5,325	5,060	87.3	90.9	83.8
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	45,120	55,800	33,920	45,120	55,800	33,920
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	8,020	4,470	3,545	67.5	76.3	58.7
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	45,960	52,600	37,560	45,960	52,600	37,560
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	9,865	4,620	5,245	83.0	78.9	86.9
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	12,100	11,940	12,240	12,100	11,940	12,240
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	1,095	560	535	9.2	9.6	8.9
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,190	6,120	6,240	6,190	6,120	6,240
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	2,305	985	1,320	19.4	16.8	21.9
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,780	8,840	8,740	8,780	8,840	8,740
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	11,895	5,855	6,035	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	3,330	1,995	1,335	28.0	34.1	22.1
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	73,000	93,000	55,600	73,000	93,000	55,600
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	77,500	88,600	60,800	77,500	88,600	60,800
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	3,030	1,290	1,740	25.5	22.0	28.8
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	20,600	24,600	18,400	20,600	24,600	18,400
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	30,360	35,840	26,320	30,360	35,840	26,320
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	79.8	84.4	72.8	79.8	84.4	72.8
Employment income (%)¹⁹	62.7	66.8	56.5	62.7	66.8	56.5
Government transfers (%)²⁰	20.3	15.6	27.2	20.3	15.6	27.2
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.2	1.0	1.4	1.2	1.0	1.4
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	4.6	3.2	6.6	4.6	3.2	6.6
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	3.4	2.5	4.9	3.4	2.5	4.9
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	11,895	5,870	6,025	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without total income	295	140	160	2.5	2.4	2.7
With total income	11,595	5,735	5,860	97.5	97.7	97.3
Under $10,000 (including loss)	860	300	560	7.4	5.2	9.6
$10,000 to $19,999	1,270	445	820	11.0	7.8	14.0
$20,000 to $29,999	1,750	655	1,095	15.1	11.4	18.7
$30,000 to $39,999	1,665	740	925	14.4	12.9	15.8
$40,000 to $49,999	1,470	690	785	12.7	12.0	13.4
$50,000 to $59,999	1,175	630	545	10.1	11.0	9.3
$60,000 to $69,999	715	375	345	6.2	6.5	5.9
$70,000 to $79,999	555	330	230	4.8	5.8	3.9
$80,000 to $89,999	395	240	150	3.4	4.2	2.6
$90,000 to $99,999	420	280	140	3.6	4.9	2.4
$100,000 and over	1,320	1,060	265	11.4	18.5	4.5
$100,000 to $149,999	1,050	830	225	9.1	14.5	3.8
$150,000 and over	275	225	45	2.4	3.9	0.8
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	11,895	5,870	6,025	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without after-tax income	290	135	160	2.4	2.3	2.7
With after-tax income	11,605	5,740	5,865	97.6	97.8	97.3
Under $10,000 (including loss)	900	310	590	7.8	5.4	10.1
$10,000 to $19,999	1,325	465	860	11.4	8.1	14.7
$20,000 to $29,999	2,005	770	1,235	17.3	13.4	21.1
$30,000 to $39,999	1,925	845	1,080	16.6	14.7	18.4
$40,000 to $49,999	1,695	880	820	14.6	15.3	14.0
$50,000 to $59,999	1,030	560	475	8.9	9.8	8.1
$60,000 to $69,999	720	420	295	6.2	7.3	5.0
$70,000 to $79,999	535	345	190	4.6	6.0	3.2
$80,000 to $89,999	590	425	160	5.1	7.4	2.7
$90,000 to $99,999	345	270	70	3.0	4.7	1.2
$100,000 and over	540	450	90	4.7	7.8	1.5
$100,000 to $124,999	360	290	70	3.1	5.1	1.2
$125,000 and over	180	160	25	1.6	2.8	0.4
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	11,895	5,870	6,025	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without employment income	3,875	1,455	2,420	32.6	24.8	40.2
With employment income	8,020	4,415	3,605	67.4	75.2	59.8
Under $5,000 (including loss)	1,710	1,070	635	21.3	24.2	17.6
$5,000 to $9,999	505	195	315	6.3	4.4	8.7
$10,000 to $19,999	790	325	470	9.9	7.4	13.0
$20,000 to $29,999	685	290	395	8.5	6.6	11.0
$30,000 to $39,999	720	305	420	9.0	6.9	11.7
$40,000 to $49,999	610	270	340	7.6	6.1	9.4
$50,000 to $59,999	515	225	290	6.4	5.1	8.0
$60,000 to $69,999	380	195	190	4.7	4.4	5.3
$70,000 to $79,999	325	195	130	4.1	4.4	3.6
$80,000 to $89,999	300	185	115	3.7	4.2	3.2
$90,000 to $99,999	350	240	115	4.4	5.4	3.2
$100,000 and over	1,115	920	200	13.9	20.8	5.5
$100,000 to $124,999	680	540	135	8.5	12.2	3.7
$125,000 and over	440	375	60	5.5	8.5	1.7
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	11,895	5,870	6,025	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	11,425	5,655	5,770	96.0	96.3	95.8
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	39,600	50,000	31,000	39,600	50,000	31,000
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	11,455	5,655	5,800	96.3	96.3	96.3
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	35,600	44,000	28,600	35,600	44,000	28,600
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	10,385	5,245	5,140	87.3	89.4	85.3
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	34,000	44,800	26,000	34,000	44,800	26,000
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	8,580	4,590	3,995	72.1	78.2	66.3
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	31,400	40,000	26,400	31,400	40,000	26,400
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	8,265	3,675	4,590	69.5	62.6	76.2
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	10,200	11,500	9,600	10,200	11,500	9,600
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	960	445	515	8.1	7.6	8.5
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	5,240	5,440	4,920	5,240	5,440	4,920
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	11,890	5,855	6,035	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	11,470	5,670	5,790	96.5	96.8	95.9
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	49,040	60,900	37,400	49,040	60,900	37,400
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	11,495	5,670	5,820	96.7	96.8	96.4
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	41,480	50,600	32,560	41,480	50,600	32,560
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	10,450	5,355	5,095	87.9	91.5	84.4
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	45,680	57,100	33,720	45,680	57,100	33,720
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	8,625	4,685	3,940	72.5	80.0	65.3
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	44,120	52,500	34,200	44,120	52,500	34,200
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	8,250	3,730	4,525	69.4	63.7	75.0
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	10,260	10,680	9,910	10,260	10,680	9,910
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	880	415	460	7.4	7.1	7.6
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,520	6,080	6,920	6,520	6,080	6,920
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	11,895	5,855	6,035	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	3,300	1,980	1,320	27.7	33.8	21.9
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	69,000	87,000	51,600	69,000	87,000	51,600
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	74,200	85,900	56,600	74,200	85,900	56,600
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	2,960	1,280	1,685	24.9	21.9	27.9
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	25,000	28,800	22,200	25,000	28,800	22,200
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	35,920	44,120	29,680	35,920	44,120	29,680
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	85.0	88.4	79.2	85.0	88.4	79.2
Employment income (%)	67.8	71.2	62.2	67.8	71.2	62.2
Government transfers (%)	15.1	11.5	20.7	15.1	11.5	20.7
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.0	0.7	1.5	1.0	0.7	1.5
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	6,510	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	76,000	...	...	76,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	68,500	...	...	68,500	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	2,265	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	40,400	...	...	40,400	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	37,200	...	...	37,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	4,250	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	99,000	...	...	99,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	87,000	...	...	87,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	6,510	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	90,300	...	...	90,300	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	78,100	...	...	78,100	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	2,265	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	48,560	...	...	48,560	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	42,360	...	...	42,360	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	4,250	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	112,500	...	...	112,500	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	97,100	...	...	97,100	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	6,510	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	35	...	...	0.5	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	15	...	...	0.2	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	50	...	...	0.8	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	175	...	...	2.7	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	305	...	...	4.7	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	260	...	...	4.0	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	250	...	...	3.8	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	275	...	...	4.2	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	255	...	...	3.9	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	295	...	...	4.5	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	560	...	...	8.6	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	505	...	...	7.8	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	430	...	...	6.6	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	395	...	...	6.1	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	395	...	...	6.1	...	...
$100,000 and over	2,315	...	...	35.6	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	740	...	...	11.4	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	575	...	...	8.8	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	610	...	...	9.4	...	...
$200,000 and over	390	...	...	6.0	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	6,510	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	40	...	...	0.6	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	15	...	...	0.2	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	60	...	...	0.9	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	180	...	...	2.8	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	320	...	...	4.9	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	320	...	...	4.9	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	260	...	...	4.0	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	325	...	...	5.0	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	315	...	...	4.8	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	345	...	...	5.3	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	605	...	...	9.3	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	555	...	...	8.5	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	515	...	...	7.9	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	505	...	...	7.8	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	385	...	...	5.9	...	...
$100,000 and over	1,775	...	...	27.3	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	745	...	...	11.4	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	470	...	...	7.2	...	...
$150,000 and over	555	...	...	8.5	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	4,065	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	99,000	...	...	99,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	87,000	...	...	87,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	2,020	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	86,000	...	...	86,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	77,000	...	...	77,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	1,345	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	139,000	...	...	139,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	119,000	...	...	119,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	3.8	...	...	3.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	615	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	68,000	...	...	68,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	63,200	...	...	63,200	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	2,845	1,390	1,455	...	...	...
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	38,800	42,400	36,000	38,800	42,400	36,000
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	35,600	38,400	33,600	35,600	38,400	33,600
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	4,045	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	112,700	...	...	112,700	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	97,000	...	...	97,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	2,015	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	99,200	...	...	99,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	86,000	...	...	86,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,380	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	145,600	...	...	145,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	123,100	...	...	123,100	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	590	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	80,800	...	...	80,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	72,400	...	...	72,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	2,835	1,405	1,425	...	...	...
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	46,520	50,720	42,400	46,520	50,720	42,400
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	40,880	43,760	38,000	40,880	43,760	38,000
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	13,860	6,875	6,985	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	2,385	1,210	1,175	17.2	17.6	16.8
0 to 5 years	660	340	325	4.8	4.9	4.7
18 to 64 years	8,020	4,030	3,990	57.9	58.6	57.1
65 years and over	3,460	1,640	1,820	25.0	23.9	26.1
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	1,290	575	720	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	205	100	100	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	70	30	40	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	635	315	330	...	...	...
65 years and over	445	160	285	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	9.3	8.3	10.3	9.3	8.3	10.3
0 to 17 years (%)	8.5	8.4	8.6	8.5	8.4	8.6
0 to 5 years (%)	10.4	8.5	12.4	10.4	8.5	12.4
18 to 64 years (%)	8.0	7.7	8.2	8.0	7.7	8.2
65 years and over (%)	12.9	9.8	15.8	12.9	9.8	15.8
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	13,865	6,875	6,985	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	2,385	1,210	1,180	17.2	17.6	16.9
0 to 5 years	660	335	325	4.8	4.9	4.7
18 to 64 years	8,020	4,025	3,990	57.8	58.5	57.1
65 years and over	3,455	1,640	1,815	24.9	23.9	26.0
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	275	145	130	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	50	25	25	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	15	5	10	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	205	115	90	...	...	...
65 years and over	25	10	15	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	2.0	2.1	1.9	2.0	2.1	1.9
0 to 17 years (%)	2.1	2.0	2.2	2.1	2.0	2.2
0 to 5 years (%)	2.4	1.6	3.0	2.4	1.6	3.0
18 to 64 years (%)	2.5	2.8	2.2	2.5	2.8	2.2
65 years and over (%)	0.7	0.5	0.9	0.7	0.5	0.9
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	13,865	6,875	6,985	100.0	100.0	100.0
In bottom half of the distribution	7,055	3,345	3,710	50.9	48.7	53.1
In bottom decile	1,130	545	580	8.2	7.9	8.3
In second decile	1,375	595	775	9.9	8.7	11.1
In third decile	1,415	665	750	10.2	9.7	10.7
In fourth decile	1,565	750	815	11.3	10.9	11.7
In fifth decile	1,570	785	785	11.3	11.4	11.2
In top half of the distribution	6,805	3,530	3,275	49.1	51.3	46.9
In sixth decile	1,415	735	685	10.2	10.7	9.8
In seventh decile	1,420	710	705	10.2	10.3	10.1
In eighth decile	1,460	750	710	10.5	10.9	10.2
In ninth decile	1,380	720	660	10.0	10.5	9.4
In top decile	1,130	610	520	8.2	8.9	7.4
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	13,860	...	...	13,860	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.289	...	...	0.289	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.411	...	...	0.411	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.257	...	...	0.257	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.4	...	...	3.4	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	14,030	6,945	7,080	100.0	100.0	100.0
English only	13,605	6,750	6,855	97.0	97.2	96.8
French only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and French	400	185	215	2.9	2.7	3.0
Neither English nor French	20	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.2
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	14,030	6,945	7,080	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	13,915	6,895	7,025	99.2	99.3	99.2
French	85	40	45	0.6	0.6	0.6
English and French	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Neither English nor French	15	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	14,030	6,945	7,080	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	13,865	6,875	6,995	98.8	99.0	98.8
Official languages	13,010	6,470	6,540	92.7	93.2	92.4
English	12,905	6,420	6,490	92.0	92.4	91.7
French	105	50	55	0.7	0.7	0.8
Non-official languages	855	405	450	6.1	5.8	6.4
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	850	405	450	6.1	5.8	6.4
Afro-Asiatic languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	35	5	30	0.2	0.1	0.4
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	25	5	20	0.2	0.1	0.3
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	25	15	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	20	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	695	335	360	5.0	4.8	5.1
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	80	40	40	0.6	0.6	0.6
Baltic languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Latvian	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	75	40	40	0.5	0.6	0.6
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	15	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Russian	35	20	15	0.2	0.3	0.2
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	15	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Serbian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Ukrainian	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	150	65	80	1.1	0.9	1.1
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	90	40	50	0.6	0.6	0.7
German	80	35	45	0.6	0.5	0.6
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	50	25	25	0.4	0.4	0.4
Afrikaans	15	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Dutch	30	15	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Danish	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Indo-Iranian languages	145	85	65	1.0	1.2	0.9
Indo-Aryan languages	140	80	55	1.0	1.2	0.8
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Hindi	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	105	60	45	0.7	0.9	0.6
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	10	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	315	145	175	2.2	2.1	2.5
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	255	110	140	1.8	1.6	2.0
Portuguese	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Romanian	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Spanish	40	15	25	0.3	0.2	0.4
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Korean	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	40	15	25	0.3	0.2	0.4
Chinese languages	40	15	25	0.3	0.2	0.4
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	40	15	20	0.3	0.2	0.3
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	25	10	15	0.2	0.1	0.2
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Hungarian	10	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	165	70	90	1.2	1.0	1.3
English and French	20	15	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
English and non-official language(s)	125	55	70	0.9	0.8	1.0
French and non-official language(s)	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
English, French and non-official language(s)	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	14,030	6,945	7,080	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	13,310	6,600	6,705	94.9	95.0	94.7
French	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Non-official language	140	55	80	1.0	0.8	1.1
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	140	55	80	1.0	0.8	1.1
English and French	55	30	25	0.4	0.4	0.4
English and non-official language(s)	505	245	260	3.6	3.5	3.7
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	10	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Multiple non-official languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	14,030	6,945	7,080	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	13,915	6,890	7,020	99.2	99.2	99.2
Official languages	13,640	6,755	6,880	97.2	97.3	97.2
English	13,625	6,755	6,870	97.1	97.3	97.0
French	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Non-official languages	275	135	145	2.0	1.9	2.0
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	275	135	145	2.0	1.9	2.0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	15	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	15	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	195	95	100	1.4	1.4	1.4
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	15	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	15	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	30	10	10	0.2	0.1	0.1
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	15	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
German	10	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	15	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Afrikaans	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Dutch	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	100	55	45	0.7	0.8	0.6
Indo-Aryan languages	95	55	45	0.7	0.8	0.6
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	80	45	40	0.6	0.6	0.6
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	60	20	40	0.4	0.3	0.6
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	45	15	30	0.3	0.2	0.4
Portuguese	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
American Sign Language	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	30	15	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Chinese languages	30	15	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	30	15	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	110	50	60	0.8	0.7	0.8
English and French	15	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
English and non-official language(s)	95	50	50	0.7	0.7	0.7
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	14,030	6,945	7,080	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	13,555	6,715	6,840	96.6	96.7	96.6
English	110	60	55	0.8	0.9	0.8
French	40	20	15	0.3	0.3	0.2
Non-official language	270	120	150	1.9	1.7	2.1
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	265	120	150	1.9	1.7	2.1
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	25	15	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
French and non-official language(s)	10	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	25	15	5	0.2	0.2	0.1
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	13,865	6,875	6,990	100.0	100.0	100.0
Official languages	13,840	6,875	6,965	99.8	100.0	99.6
English	13,840	6,875	6,965	99.8	100.0	99.6
French	420	205	220	3.0	3.0	3.1
Non-official languages	1,260	585	675	9.1	8.5	9.7
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	1,260	585	675	9.1	8.5	9.7
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	45	0	40	0.3	0.0	0.6
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	45	0	40	0.3	0.0	0.6
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	65	45	20	0.5	0.7	0.3
Kannada	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Malayalam	40	30	15	0.3	0.4	0.2
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	990	475	520	7.1	6.9	7.4
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	120	60	60	0.9	0.9	0.9
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	120	60	60	0.9	0.9	0.9
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	20	15	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	70	35	35	0.5	0.5	0.5
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Germanic languages	220	120	105	1.6	1.7	1.5
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	165	105	60	1.2	1.5	0.9
German	165	105	60	1.2	1.5	0.9
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	60	30	30	0.4	0.4	0.4
Afrikaans	20	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.2
Dutch	40	25	20	0.3	0.4	0.3
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	230	135	100	1.7	2.0	1.4
Indo-Aryan languages	215	130	85	1.6	1.9	1.2
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	30	15	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
Hindi	130	80	50	0.9	1.2	0.7
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	15	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	160	85	75	1.2	1.2	1.1
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	430	170	255	3.1	2.5	3.6
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	280	125	155	2.0	1.8	2.2
Portuguese	20	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	140	40	95	1.0	0.6	1.4
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	25	0	25	0.2	0.0	0.4
American Sign Language	25	0	25	0.2	0.0	0.4
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	60	30	30	0.4	0.4	0.4
Chinese languages	60	30	30	0.4	0.4	0.4
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	55	30	25	0.4	0.4	0.4
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	20	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	15	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	13,865	6,875	6,985	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	1,195	670	525	8.6	9.7	7.5
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	1,135	630	505	8.2	9.2	7.2
First Nations (North American Indian)	495	250	245	3.6	3.6	3.5
Métis	635	375	260	4.6	5.5	3.7
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	20	20	0	0.1	0.3	0.0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	35	15	20	0.3	0.2	0.3
Non-Indigenous identity	12,670	6,210	6,460	91.4	90.3	92.5
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	13,865	6,875	6,985	100.0	100.0	100.0
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	250	130	120	1.8	1.9	1.7
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	13,610	6,750	6,865	98.2	98.2	98.3
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	6,510	...	...	100.0	...	...
Owner	4,930	...	...	75.7	...	...
Renter	1,585	...	...	24.3	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	6,510	...	...	100.0	...	...
Condominium	185	...	...	2.8	...	...
Not condominium	6,325	...	...	97.2	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	6,510	...	...	100.0	...	...
No bedrooms	30	...	...	0.5	...	...
1 bedroom	545	...	...	8.4	...	...
2 bedrooms	1,620	...	...	24.9	...	...
3 bedrooms	2,440	...	...	37.5	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	1,885	...	...	29.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	6,510	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	1,240	...	...	19.0	...	...
5 rooms	910	...	...	14.0	...	...
6 rooms	1,030	...	...	15.8	...	...
7 rooms	945	...	...	14.5	...	...
8 or more rooms	2,385	...	...	36.6	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.8	...	...	6.8	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	6,510	...	...	100.0	...	...
One person or fewer per room	6,465	...	...	99.3	...	...
More than one person per room	50	...	...	0.8	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	6,510	...	...	100.0	...	...
Suitable	6,360	...	...	97.7	...	...
Not suitable	155	...	...	2.4	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	6,510	...	...	100.0	...	...
1960 or before	3,455	...	...	53.1	...	...
1961 to 1980	1,905	...	...	29.3	...	...
1981 to 1990	390	...	...	6.0	...	...
1991 to 2000	410	...	...	6.3	...	...
2001 to 2005	60	...	...	0.9	...	...
2006 to 2010	165	...	...	2.5	...	...
2011 to 2015	80	...	...	1.2	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	55	...	...	0.8	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	6,510	...	...	100.0	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	5,910	...	...	90.8	...	...
Major repairs needed	605	...	...	9.3	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	6,510	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-maintainer household	3,605	...	...	55.4	...	...
Two-maintainer household	2,745	...	...	42.2	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	165	...	...	2.5	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	6,510	...	...	100.0	...	...
15 to 24 years	150	...	...	2.3	...	...
25 to 34 years	775	...	...	11.9	...	...
35 to 44 years	920	...	...	14.1	...	...
45 to 54 years	945	...	...	14.5	...	...
55 to 64 years	1,395	...	...	21.4	...	...
65 to 74 years	1,360	...	...	20.9	...	...
75 to 84 years	670	...	...	10.3	...	...
85 years and over	290	...	...	4.5	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	6,500	...	...	100.0	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	5,715	...	...	87.9	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	785	...	...	12.1	...	...
30% to less than 100%	720	...	...	11.1	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	6,510	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	1,400	...	...	21.5	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	660	...	...	10.1	...	...
Not suitable only	135	...	...	2.1	...	...
Major repairs needed only	475	...	...	7.3	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	120	...	...	1.8	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	15	...	...	0.2	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Acceptable housing	5,110	...	...	78.5	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	6,435	...	...	100.0	...	...
In core need	215	...	...	3.3	...	...
Not in core need	6,220	...	...	96.7	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	4,920	...	...	...	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	53.2	...	...	53.2	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	6.5	...	...	6.5	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	1.2	...	...	1.2	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	810	...	...	810	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,016	...	...	1,016	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	348,000	...	...	348,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	368,000	...	...	368,000	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	1,585	...	...	...	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	13.6	...	...	13.6	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	29.0	...	...	29.0	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	9.9	...	...	9.9	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	890	...	...	890	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	942	...	...	942	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	...	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	13,860	6,875	6,985	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	230	95	140	1.7	1.4	2.0
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	220	90	130	1.6	1.3	1.9
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	115	30	85	0.8	0.4	1.2
Métis single ancestry	105	60	45	0.8	0.9	0.6
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	970	560	410	7.0	8.1	5.9
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	930	525	410	6.7	7.6	5.9
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	525	280	250	3.8	4.1	3.6
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	400	240	160	2.9	3.5	2.3
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	45	40	0	0.3	0.6	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	45	40	0	0.3	0.6	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	12,660	6,220	6,440	91.3	90.5	92.2
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	13,860	6,880	6,985	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	13,395	6,660	6,735	96.6	96.8	96.4
Canadian citizens aged under 18	2,325	1,185	1,145	16.8	17.2	16.4
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	11,070	5,475	5,590	79.9	79.6	80.0
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	465	215	250	3.4	3.1	3.6
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	13,860	6,880	6,985	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	12,570	6,275	6,300	90.7	91.2	90.2
Immigrants⁸¹	1,075	480	600	7.8	7.0	8.6
Before 1980	575	290	285	4.1	4.2	4.1
1980 to 1990	120	45	80	0.9	0.7	1.1
1991 to 2000	115	35	85	0.8	0.5	1.2
2001 to 2010	95	30	60	0.7	0.4	0.9
2011 to 2021⁸²	180	85	90	1.3	1.2	1.3
2011 to 2015	70	45	25	0.5	0.7	0.4
2016 to 2021	110	40	70	0.8	0.6	1.0
Non-permanent residents⁸³	210	120	85	1.5	1.7	1.2
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	1,080	480	600	100.0	100.0	100.0
Under 5 years	155	85	65	14.4	17.7	10.8
5 to 14 years	220	110	110	20.4	22.9	18.3
15 to 24 years	220	70	150	20.4	14.6	25.0
25 to 44 years	435	195	240	40.3	40.6	40.0
45 years and over	50	15	35	4.6	3.1	5.8
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	1,080	480	600	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	175	50	125	16.2	10.4	20.8
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
El Salvador	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyana	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	15	0	15	1.4	0.0	2.5
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	135	45	90	12.5	9.4	15.0
Other places of birth in Americas	20	0	20	1.9	0.0	3.3
Europe	600	285	310	55.6	59.4	51.7
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatia	10	10	0	0.9	2.1	0.0
France	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germany	60	25	40	5.6	5.2	6.7
Greece	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	15	0	15	1.4	0.0	2.5
Italy	115	60	50	10.6	12.5	8.3
Netherlands	20	10	15	1.9	2.1	2.5
Poland	10	0	0	0.9	0.0	0.0
Portugal	10	0	0	0.9	0.0	0.0
Romania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	15	0	15	1.4	0.0	2.5
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	250	120	130	23.1	25.0	21.7
Other places of birth in Europe	65	40	30	6.0	8.3	5.0
Africa	45	30	15	4.2	6.3	2.5
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	15	10	10	1.4	2.1	1.7
Other places of birth in Africa	35	25	0	3.2	5.2	0.0
Asia	210	85	125	19.4	17.7	20.8
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	10	0	0	0.9	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	35	15	20	3.2	3.1	3.3
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	50	0	45	4.6	0.0	7.5
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	60	35	25	5.6	7.3	4.2
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	25	10	10	2.3	2.1	1.7
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	55	25	25	5.1	5.2	4.2
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	105	40	70	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	35	0	30	33.3	0.0	42.9
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	20	0	15	19.0	0.0	21.4
Venezuela⁹⁵	10	0	10	9.5	0.0	14.3
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Europe	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asia	65	35	25	61.9	87.5	35.7
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	55	30	20	52.4	75.0	28.6
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	15	0	10	14.3	0.0	14.3
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania and other⁹³	10	0	0	9.5	0.0	0.0
Australia	10	0	0	9.5	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	13,865	6,875	6,985	100.0	100.0	100.0
First generation¹⁰⁰	1,385	660	720	10.0	9.6	10.3
Second generation¹⁰¹	2,445	1,150	1,295	17.6	16.7	18.5
Third generation or more¹⁰²	10,035	5,065	4,965	72.4	73.7	71.1
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	505	185	315	100.0	100.0	100.0
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	260	115	145	51.5	62.2	46.0
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	135	65	70	26.7	35.1	22.2
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	125	50	75	24.8	27.0	23.8
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	205	60	145	40.6	32.4	46.0
Refugees¹⁰⁸	35	15	25	6.9	8.1	7.9
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	505	185	315	100.0	100.0	100.0
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	125	45	80	24.8	24.3	25.4
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	25	10	15	5.0	5.4	4.8
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	340	130	210	67.3	70.3	66.7
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	13,865	6,875	6,985	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	630	295	335	4.5	4.3	4.8
South Asian	270	150	125	1.9	2.2	1.8
Chinese	80	45	40	0.6	0.7	0.6
Black	50	25	25	0.4	0.4	0.4
Filipino	65	20	40	0.5	0.3	0.6
Arab	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latin American	35	10	25	0.3	0.1	0.4
Southeast Asian	35	10	30	0.3	0.1	0.4
West Asian	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	25	10	20	0.2	0.1	0.3
Multiple visible minorities	40	30	10	0.3	0.4	0.1
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	13,230	6,575	6,655	95.4	95.6	95.3
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	13,860	6,875	6,985	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian	1,805	955	850	13.0	13.9	12.2
English	4,315	2,135	2,185	31.1	31.1	31.3
Irish	2,550	1,195	1,350	18.4	17.4	19.3
Scottish	3,625	1,730	1,895	26.2	25.2	27.1
French, n.o.s.¹²²	1,510	760	750	10.9	11.1	10.7
German	2,185	1,030	1,150	15.8	15.0	16.5
Chinese	90	45	45	0.6	0.7	0.6
Italian	1,990	1,040	950	14.4	15.1	13.6
Indian (India)	185	100	85	1.3	1.5	1.2
Ukrainian	745	385	365	5.4	5.6	5.2
Dutch	690	360	330	5.0	5.2	4.7
Polish	485	225	250	3.5	3.3	3.6
Québécois	25	10	20	0.2	0.1	0.3
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	505	260	245	3.6	3.8	3.5
Filipino	70	25	50	0.5	0.4	0.7
French Canadian	95	55	35	0.7	0.8	0.5
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	245	105	145	1.8	1.5	2.1
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	280	155	135	2.0	2.3	1.9
Métis	555	345	210	4.0	5.0	3.0
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	260	125	135	1.9	1.8	1.9
Russian	590	270	325	4.3	3.9	4.7
Norwegian	625	320	305	4.5	4.7	4.4
Welsh	610	265	345	4.4	3.9	4.9
Portuguese	70	20	50	0.5	0.3	0.7
American	335	155	185	2.4	2.3	2.6
Spanish	110	35	75	0.8	0.5	1.1
Swedish	535	230	305	3.9	3.3	4.4
Hungarian	185	80	105	1.3	1.2	1.5
Acadian	55	15	45	0.4	0.2	0.6
Pakistani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jewish	40	35	10	0.3	0.5	0.1
Punjabi	50	30	25	0.4	0.4	0.4
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Jamaican	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	20	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	120	70	45	0.9	1.0	0.6
Korean	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Romanian	25	0	20	0.2	0.0	0.3
Lebanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	45	15	35	0.3	0.2	0.5
Danish	245	125	115	1.8	1.8	1.6
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	85	35	55	0.6	0.5	0.8
Sikh	40	20	25	0.3	0.3	0.4
Austrian	190	100	90	1.4	1.5	1.3
Belgian	90	35	50	0.6	0.5	0.7
Haitian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindu	30	25	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
Mexican	25	10	20	0.2	0.1	0.3
Mennonite	75	45	35	0.5	0.7	0.5
Swiss	80	35	45	0.6	0.5	0.6
Finnish	180	100	80	1.3	1.5	1.1
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	60	35	25	0.4	0.5	0.4
Japanese	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	25	10	15	0.2	0.1	0.2
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	200	80	120	1.4	1.2	1.7
Muslim	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egyptian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	125	70	55	0.9	1.0	0.8
Colombian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moroccan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	85	40	45	0.6	0.6	0.6
Syrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afghan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	55	35	20	0.4	0.5	0.3
Ojibway	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Newfoundlander	15	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Hong Konger	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ontarian	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Persian	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	45	25	20	0.3	0.4	0.3
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	25	15	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquin	20	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australian	90	60	35	0.6	0.9	0.5
Palestinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chilean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congolese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nova Scotian	25	10	15	0.2	0.1	0.2
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Peruvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovenian	30	20	15	0.2	0.3	0.2
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Canadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israeli	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	45	30	15	0.3	0.4	0.2
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	55	20	30	0.4	0.3	0.4
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albertan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Barbadian	20	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
African American	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	45	30	20	0.3	0.4	0.3
Tunisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Laotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Irish	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
British Columbian	80	60	30	0.6	0.9	0.4
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	25	15	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jatt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	20	15	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	20	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.3
Dominican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Abenaki	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Zealander	35	20	20	0.3	0.3	0.3
Sudanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Breton	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania Dutch	30	0	25	0.2	0.0	0.4
Malaysian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saskatchewanian	15	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gaspesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norman	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Manitoban	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Honduran	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cherokee	20	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Flemish	20	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Goan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamileke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Libyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Basque	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igorot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guinean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Prince Edward Islander	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Maliseet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Beninese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Roma	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tajik	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amhara	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	13,865	6,875	6,985	100.0	100.0	100.0
Buddhist	25	10	15	0.2	0.1	0.2
Christian	5,855	2,635	3,215	42.2	38.3	46.0
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	1,020	420	600	7.4	6.1	8.6
Anabaptist	30	15	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
Anglican	565	285	275	4.1	4.1	3.9
Baptist	70	35	40	0.5	0.5	0.6
Catholic	2,175	1,015	1,155	15.7	14.8	16.5
Christian Orthodox	40	20	20	0.3	0.3	0.3
Jehovah's Witness	220	110	110	1.6	1.6	1.6
Latter Day Saints	40	15	25	0.3	0.2	0.4
Lutheran	210	100	110	1.5	1.5	1.6
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	25	15	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	215	105	110	1.6	1.5	1.6
Presbyterian	120	60	60	0.9	0.9	0.9
Reformed	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Church	790	290	500	5.7	4.2	7.2
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	340	150	190	2.5	2.2	2.7
Hindu	85	55	30	0.6	0.8	0.4
Jewish	45	35	0	0.3	0.5	0.0
Muslim	30	10	20	0.2	0.1	0.3
Sikh	100	55	45	0.7	0.8	0.6
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	145	65	80	1.0	0.9	1.1
No religion and secular perspectives	7,580	4,010	3,565	54.7	58.3	51.0
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	13,785	6,820	6,960	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	12,255	6,125	6,130	88.9	89.8	88.1
Movers	1,530	695	835	11.1	10.2	12.0
Non-migrants	625	275	350	4.5	4.0	5.0
Migrants	905	420	485	6.6	6.2	7.0
Internal migrants	865	410	455	6.3	6.0	6.5
Intraprovincial migrants	715	330	390	5.2	4.8	5.6
Interprovincial migrants	150	85	60	1.1	1.2	0.9
External migrants	40	10	25	0.3	0.1	0.4
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	13,390	6,635	6,755	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	8,305	4,230	4,075	62.0	63.8	60.3
Movers	5,085	2,405	2,675	38.0	36.2	39.6
Non-migrants	1,280	570	710	9.6	8.6	10.5
Migrants	3,805	1,835	1,970	28.4	27.7	29.2
Internal migrants	3,525	1,675	1,845	26.3	25.2	27.3
Intraprovincial migrants	2,865	1,350	1,515	21.4	20.3	22.4
Interprovincial migrants	660	325	335	4.9	4.9	5.0
External migrants	280	160	120	2.1	2.4	1.8
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	11,890	5,850	6,035	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	2,065	1,085	975	17.4	18.5	16.2
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	9,830	4,770	5,060	82.7	81.5	83.8
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	7,150	3,560	3,590	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	760	455	305	10.6	12.8	8.5
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	6,390	3,105	3,285	89.4	87.2	91.5
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	11,890	5,855	6,040	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	1,660	825	830	14.0	14.1	13.7
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	3,690	1,655	2,035	31.0	28.3	33.7
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	6,545	3,375	3,170	55.0	57.6	52.5
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	5,000	2,705	2,295	42.1	46.2	38.0
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	1,710	1,445	265	14.4	24.7	4.4
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	450	270	185	3.8	4.6	3.1
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	1,260	1,180	80	10.6	20.2	1.3
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	2,950	1,110	1,840	24.8	19.0	30.5
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	340	155	190	2.9	2.6	3.1
Bachelor's degree or higher	1,545	670	875	13.0	11.4	14.5
Bachelor's degree	1,075	450	630	9.0	7.7	10.4
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	135	35	95	1.1	0.6	1.6
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	30	10	15	0.3	0.2	0.2
Master's degree	270	145	130	2.3	2.5	2.2
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	35	25	0	0.3	0.4	0.0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	7,150	3,560	3,590	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	600	340	260	8.4	9.6	7.2
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	2,165	1,040	1,125	30.3	29.2	31.3
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	4,385	2,185	2,200	61.3	61.4	61.3
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	3,235	1,730	1,505	45.2	48.6	41.9
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	1,020	870	150	14.3	24.4	4.2
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	260	165	95	3.6	4.6	2.6
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	760	710	50	10.6	19.9	1.4
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	2,020	765	1,255	28.3	21.5	35.0
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	200	90	105	2.8	2.5	2.9
Bachelor's degree or higher	1,150	455	695	16.1	12.8	19.4
Bachelor's degree	825	325	505	11.5	9.1	14.1
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	90	20	70	1.3	0.6	1.9
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	30	10	20	0.4	0.3	0.6
Master's degree	190	90	100	2.7	2.5	2.8
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	15	10	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	11,890	5,855	6,040	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	5,345	2,480	2,870	45.0	42.4	47.5
Education	385	110	275	3.2	1.9	4.6
13. Education	385	110	275	3.2	1.9	4.6
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	115	55	55	1.0	0.9	0.9
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	40	25	10	0.3	0.4	0.2
50. Visual and performing arts	80	30	45	0.7	0.5	0.7
Humanities	215	115	95	1.8	2.0	1.6
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
23. English language and literature/letters	35	10	20	0.3	0.2	0.3
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	85	55	30	0.7	0.9	0.5
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
38. Philosophy and religious studies	15	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
39. Theology and religious vocations	45	30	15	0.4	0.5	0.2
54. History	20	15	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Social and behavioural sciences and law	420	100	315	3.5	1.7	5.2
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	30	15	15	0.3	0.3	0.2
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	150	15	140	1.3	0.3	2.3
22. Legal professions and studies	65	15	50	0.5	0.3	0.8
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
42. Psychology	40	10	30	0.3	0.2	0.5
45. Social sciences	125	55	75	1.1	0.9	1.2
Business, management and public administration	1,215	360	855	10.2	6.1	14.2
30.16 Accounting and computer science	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	140	10	125	1.2	0.2	2.1
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	1,065	345	720	9.0	5.9	11.9
Physical and life sciences and technologies	145	75	75	1.2	1.3	1.2
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	40	15	20	0.3	0.3	0.3
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	25	20	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
40. Physical sciences	45	30	15	0.4	0.5	0.2
41. Science technologies/technicians	40	0	30	0.3	0.0	0.5
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	150	90	65	1.3	1.5	1.1
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	120	65	55	1.0	1.1	0.9
25. Library science	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
27. Mathematics and statistics	25	20	10	0.2	0.3	0.2
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	2,115	2,020	95	17.8	34.5	1.6
04. Architecture and related services	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
14. Engineering	215	170	40	1.8	2.9	0.7
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	480	465	10	4.0	7.9	0.2
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	660	650	15	5.6	11.1	0.2
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	430	420	10	3.6	7.2	0.2
48. Precision production	310	305	0	2.6	5.2	0.0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	110	45	65	0.9	0.8	1.1
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	55	15	40	0.5	0.3	0.7
03. Natural resources and conservation	60	30	25	0.5	0.5	0.4
Health and related fields	1,270	205	1,060	10.7	3.5	17.5
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	75	35	40	0.6	0.6	0.7
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	1,175	165	1,010	9.9	2.8	16.7
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Personal, protective and transportation services	400	190	215	3.4	3.2	3.6
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	280	85	195	2.4	1.5	3.2
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
43. Security and protective services	55	45	10	0.5	0.8	0.2
49. Transportation and materials moving	60	50	10	0.5	0.9	0.2
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	7,155	3,560	3,590	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	2,765	1,375	1,390	38.6	38.6	38.7
Education	230	65	170	3.2	1.8	4.7
13. Education	230	65	170	3.2	1.8	4.7
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	75	35	45	1.0	1.0	1.3
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	25	15	10	0.3	0.4	0.3
50. Visual and performing arts	50	20	30	0.7	0.6	0.8
Humanities	130	55	75	1.8	1.5	2.1
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.3
23. English language and literature/letters	20	0	15	0.3	0.0	0.4
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	45	30	20	0.6	0.8	0.6
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	15	10	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
39. Theology and religious vocations	20	10	15	0.3	0.3	0.4
54. History	10	10	0	0.1	0.3	0.0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.3
Social and behavioural sciences and law	315	60	255	4.4	1.7	7.1
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	15	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.3
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	120	15	110	1.7	0.4	3.1
22. Legal professions and studies	50	10	45	0.7	0.3	1.3
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
42. Psychology	30	10	20	0.4	0.3	0.6
45. Social sciences	90	20	70	1.3	0.6	1.9
Business, management and public administration	825	245	580	11.5	6.9	16.2
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	110	10	105	1.5	0.3	2.9
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	710	235	475	9.9	6.6	13.2
Physical and life sciences and technologies	105	45	55	1.5	1.3	1.5
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	30	15	15	0.4	0.4	0.4
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	15	10	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
40. Physical sciences	30	15	15	0.4	0.4	0.4
41. Science technologies/technicians	25	0	20	0.3	0.0	0.6
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	90	60	35	1.3	1.7	1.0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	75	55	25	1.0	1.5	0.7
25. Library science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
27. Mathematics and statistics	15	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.3
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	1,385	1,310	75	19.4	36.8	2.1
04. Architecture and related services	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
14. Engineering	170	130	35	2.4	3.7	1.0
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	335	320	10	4.7	9.0	0.3
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	435	420	10	6.1	11.8	0.3
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	270	270	0	3.8	7.6	0.0
48. Precision production	165	155	10	2.3	4.4	0.3
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	65	20	45	0.9	0.6	1.3
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	35	15	25	0.5	0.4	0.7
03. Natural resources and conservation	25	0	20	0.3	0.0	0.6
Health and related fields	880	165	715	12.3	4.6	19.9
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	65	35	30	0.9	1.0	0.8
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	800	130	675	11.2	3.7	18.8
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	15	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.3
Personal, protective and transportation services	290	135	155	4.1	3.8	4.3
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	215	70	145	3.0	2.0	4.0
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	35	35	0	0.5	1.0	0.0
49. Transportation and materials moving	35	30	0	0.5	0.8	0.0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	7,155	3,560	3,590	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,765	1,375	1,390	38.6	38.6	38.7
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	4,385	2,185	2,205	61.3	61.4	61.4
Location of study inside Canada	4,030	1,985	2,045	56.3	55.8	57.0
Same as province or territory of residence	3,095	1,530	1,565	43.3	43.0	43.6
Different than province or territory of residence	935	455	480	13.1	12.8	13.4
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	355	200	155	5.0	5.6	4.3
Americas	110	70	35	1.5	2.0	1.0
United States of America	95	70	25	1.3	2.0	0.7
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.3
Other locations of study in Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Europe	65	25	35	0.9	0.7	1.0
Belgium	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germany	10	10	0	0.1	0.3	0.0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Switzerland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.3
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	25	15	20	0.3	0.4	0.6
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Europe	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Africa	15	15	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	10	10	0	0.1	0.3	0.0
Other locations of study in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asia	125	65	65	1.7	1.8	1.8
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	20	0	15	0.3	0.0	0.4
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	95	60	35	1.3	1.7	1.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania	40	25	15	0.6	0.7	0.4
Australia	35	20	15	0.5	0.6	0.4
New Zealand	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	11,890	5,855	6,040	...	...	...
In the labour force	6,530	3,420	3,110	...	...	...
Employed	6,065	3,135	2,925	...	...	...
Unemployed	465	285	180	...	...	...
Not in the labour force	5,365	2,435	2,925	...	...	...
Participation rate	54.9	58.4	51.5	54.9	58.4	51.5
Employment rate	51.0	53.5	48.4	51.0	53.5	48.4
Unemployment rate	7.1	8.3	5.8	7.1	8.3	5.8
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	11,890	5,855	6,040	100.0	100.0	100.0
Did not work¹⁸⁶	5,315	2,445	2,870	44.7	41.8	47.5
Worked	6,580	3,410	3,165	55.3	58.2	52.4
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	3,375	2,020	1,360	28.4	34.5	22.5
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	3,200	1,395	1,805	26.9	23.8	29.9
Average weeks worked in reference year	40.8	42.0	39.6	40.8	42.0	39.6
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	6,530	3,415	3,115	100.0	100.0	100.0
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	130	65	65	2.0	1.9	2.1
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	6,400	3,355	3,050	98.0	98.2	97.9
Employee	5,750	3,000	2,740	88.1	87.8	88.0
Permanent position	4,715	2,540	2,180	72.2	74.4	70.0
Temporary position	1,030	465	565	15.8	13.6	18.1
Fixed term (1 year or more)	295	110	190	4.5	3.2	6.1
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	740	355	375	11.3	10.4	12.0
Self-employed¹⁹²	655	355	305	10.0	10.4	9.8
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	6,530	3,415	3,115	100.0	100.0	100.0
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	130	65	65	2.0	1.9	2.1
All occupations¹⁹¹	6,400	3,355	3,050	98.0	98.2	97.9
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	35	15	20	0.5	0.4	0.6
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	845	160	680	12.9	4.7	21.8
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	360	260	100	5.5	7.6	3.2
3 Health occupations	650	80	565	10.0	2.3	18.1
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	630	185	450	9.6	5.4	14.4
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	110	40	70	1.7	1.2	2.2
6 Sales and service occupations	1,655	695	965	25.3	20.4	31.0
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	1,380	1,280	100	21.1	37.5	3.2
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	145	130	20	2.2	3.8	0.6
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	595	520	75	9.1	15.2	2.4
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	6,530	3,415	3,115	100.0	100.0	100.0
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	130	65	65	2.0	1.9	2.1
All industries¹⁹¹	6,400	3,355	3,050	98.0	98.2	97.9
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	75	55	20	1.1	1.6	0.6
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	155	130	25	2.4	3.8	0.8
22 Utilities	160	125	35	2.5	3.7	1.1
23 Construction	490	435	55	7.5	12.7	1.8
31-33 Manufacturing	965	800	160	14.8	23.4	5.1
41 Wholesale trade	145	105	35	2.2	3.1	1.1
44-45 Retail trade	855	370	485	13.1	10.8	15.6
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	210	155	55	3.2	4.5	1.8
51 Information and cultural industries	40	20	15	0.6	0.6	0.5
52 Finance and insurance	135	25	115	2.1	0.7	3.7
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	80	40	40	1.2	1.2	1.3
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	250	115	140	3.8	3.4	4.5
55 Management of companies and enterprises	70	45	20	1.1	1.3	0.6
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	275	190	80	4.2	5.6	2.6
61 Educational services	340	75	265	5.2	2.2	8.5
62 Health care and social assistance	1,095	175	920	16.8	5.1	29.5
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	95	35	60	1.5	1.0	1.9
72 Accommodation and food services	385	180	210	5.9	5.3	6.7
81 Other services (except public administration)	335	150	180	5.1	4.4	5.8
91 Public administration	265	140	130	4.1	4.1	4.2
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	7,095	3,665	3,430	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	7,060	3,655	3,410	99.5	99.7	99.4
French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-official language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and French	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.3
English and non-official language(s)	20	10	10	0.3	0.3	0.3
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	7,095	3,665	3,430	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	7,095	3,665	3,430	100.0	100.0	100.0
Official languages	7,090	3,665	3,425	99.9	100.0	99.9
English	7,085	3,665	3,420	99.9	100.0	99.7
French	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.3
Non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	7,095	3,665	3,430	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	7,075	3,655	3,415	99.7	99.7	99.6
English	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.3
French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-official language	15	10	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	15	10	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	6,065	3,135	2,930	100.0	100.0	100.0
Worked at home	595	270	330	9.8	8.6	11.3
Worked outside Canada	15	15	0	0.2	0.5	0.0
No fixed workplace address	830	585	245	13.7	18.7	8.4
Usual place of work	4,620	2,265	2,355	76.2	72.2	80.4
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	4,620	2,265	2,355	100.0	100.0	100.0
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	2,025	980	1,045	43.8	43.3	44.4
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	1,900	910	990	41.1	40.2	42.0
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	595	345	250	12.9	15.2	10.6
Commute to a different province or territory	105	25	75	2.3	1.1	3.2
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	5,450	2,850	2,600	100.0	100.0	100.0
Car, truck or van	4,870	2,595	2,275	89.4	91.1	87.5
Car, truck or van - as a driver	4,545	2,450	2,095	83.4	86.0	80.6
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	330	150	180	6.1	5.3	6.9
Public transit	90	40	55	1.7	1.4	2.1
Walked	370	135	235	6.8	4.7	9.0
Bicycle	20	20	0	0.4	0.7	0.0
Other method	90	55	40	1.7	1.9	1.5
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	5,450	2,850	2,600	100.0	100.0	100.0
Less than 15 minutes	2,910	1,420	1,490	53.4	49.8	57.3
15 to 29 minutes	1,805	965	845	33.1	33.9	32.5
30 to 44 minutes	440	265	175	8.1	9.3	6.7
45 to 59 minutes	130	95	30	2.4	3.3	1.2
60 minutes and over	165	110	55	3.0	3.9	2.1
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	5,450	2,850	2,600	100.0	100.0	100.0
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	640	525	120	11.7	18.4	4.6
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	1,130	750	385	20.7	26.3	14.8
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	1,125	435	685	20.6	15.3	26.3
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	1,020	295	725	18.7	10.4	27.9
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	545	185	355	10.0	6.5	13.7
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	990	660	330	18.2	23.2	12.7
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	2,420	1,230	1,190	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	85	35	50	3.5	2.8	4.2
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	2,335	1,195	1,140	96.5	97.2	95.8
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	1,835	935	900	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	70	30	35	3.8	3.2	3.9
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	35	15	20	1.9	1.6	2.2
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	35	15	15	1.9	1.6	1.7
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	1,770	905	865	96.5	96.8	96.1

Symbol legend

...
not applicable
^r
revised

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 30, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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