Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	NelsonMore information: British Columbia [Census agglomeration]
	Counts			Rates
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	19,119	...	...	...	...	...
Population, 2016¹	18,307	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	4.4	...	...	4.4	...	...
Total private dwellings²	9,426	...	...	...	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	8,507	...	...	...	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	15.6	...	...	15.6	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	1,224.30	...	...	...	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	19,120	9,435	9,680	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	2,675	1,370	1,310	14.0	14.5	13.5
0 to 4 years	735	370	365	3.8	3.9	3.8
5 to 9 years	890	465	425	4.7	4.9	4.4
10 to 14 years	1,055	535	520	5.5	5.7	5.4
15 to 64 years	12,185	6,030	6,155	63.7	63.9	63.6
15 to 19 years	910	485	425	4.8	5.1	4.4
20 to 24 years	765	405	360	4.0	4.3	3.7
25 to 29 years	1,125	565	565	5.9	6.0	5.8
30 to 34 years	1,330	650	680	7.0	6.9	7.0
35 to 39 years	1,335	670	665	7.0	7.1	6.9
40 to 44 years	1,410	700	710	7.4	7.4	7.3
45 to 49 years	1,390	685	705	7.3	7.3	7.3
50 to 54 years	1,205	610	600	6.3	6.5	6.2
55 to 59 years	1,250	590	660	6.5	6.3	6.8
60 to 64 years	1,455	680	775	7.6	7.2	8.0
65 years and over	4,260	2,040	2,215	22.3	21.6	22.9
65 to 69 years	1,455	720	735	7.6	7.6	7.6
70 to 74 years	1,215	615	595	6.4	6.5	6.1
75 to 79 years	705	350	355	3.7	3.7	3.7
80 to 84 years	425	160	265	2.2	1.7	2.7
85 years and over	460	195	265	2.4	2.1	2.7
85 to 89 years	290	145	140	1.5	1.5	1.4
90 to 94 years	130	35	90	0.7	0.4	0.9
95 to 99 years	40	10	30	0.2	0.1	0.3
100 years and over	10	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	14.0	14.5	13.5	14.0	14.5	13.5
15 to 64 years	63.7	63.9	63.6	63.7	63.9	63.6
65 years and over	22.3	21.6	22.9	22.3	21.6	22.9
85 years and over	2.4	2.1	2.7	2.4	2.1	2.7
Average age of the population	44.4	43.6	45.1	44.4	43.6	45.1
Median age of the population	45.2	44.0	46.0	45.2	44.0	46.0
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	8,505	...	...	100.0	...	...
Single-detached house	5,595	...	...	65.8	...	...
Semi-detached house	320	...	...	3.8	...	...
Row house	265	...	...	3.1	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	780	...	...	9.2	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	1,050	...	...	12.3	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Other single-attached house	120	...	...	1.4	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	370	...	...	4.4	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	8,510	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 person	2,755	...	...	32.4	...	...
2 persons	3,210	...	...	37.7	...	...
3 persons	1,200	...	...	14.1	...	...
4 persons	950	...	...	11.2	...	...
5 or more persons	395	...	...	4.6	...	...
Number of persons in private households	18,710	9,260	9,450	100.0	100.0	100.0
Average household size	2.2	...	...	2.2	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	16,440	8,070	8,375	100.0	100.0	100.0
Married or living common-law	9,145	4,535	4,615	55.6	56.2	55.1
Married	6,610	3,275	3,340	40.2	40.6	39.9
Living common-law	2,535	1,260	1,270	15.4	15.6	15.2
Living common law - Never married	1,895	950	940	11.5	11.8	11.2
Living common law - Separated	70	30	40	0.4	0.4	0.5
Living common law - Divorced	515	255	260	3.1	3.2	3.1
Living common law - Widowed	55	20	35	0.3	0.2	0.4
Not married and not living common-law	7,295	3,535	3,760	44.4	43.8	44.9
Not married and not living common law - Never married	4,695	2,595	2,100	28.6	32.2	25.1
Not married and not living common law - Separated	460	195	265	2.8	2.4	3.2
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	1,330	545	785	8.1	6.8	9.4
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	815	205	610	5.0	2.5	7.3
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	5,285	...	...	100.0	...	...
2 persons	3,185	...	...	60.3	...	...
3 persons	1,020	...	...	19.3	...	...
4 persons	845	...	...	16.0	...	...
5 or more persons	230	...	...	4.4	...	...
Average size of census families	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.6	...	...	1.6	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	5,290	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total couple families	4,460	...	...	84.3	...	...
Married couples	3,190	...	...	60.3	...	...
With children⁶	1,390	...	...	26.3	...	...
Without children	1,805	...	...	34.1	...	...
Common-law couples	1,265	...	...	23.9	...	...
With children⁶	415	...	...	7.8	...	...
Without children	850	...	...	16.1	...	...
Total one-parent families	830	...	...	15.7	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	615	...	...	11.6	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	215	...	...	4.1	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	18,710	9,260	9,450	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total - Persons in census families	14,030	6,950	7,085	75.0	75.1	75.0
Married spouses or common-law partners	8,920	4,435	4,485	47.7	47.9	47.5
Parents in one-parent families	830	215	610	4.4	2.3	6.5
Children⁶	4,285	2,300	1,990	22.9	24.8	21.1
In a two-parent family	3,100	1,660	1,440	16.6	17.9	15.2
In a one-parent family	1,185	640	550	6.3	6.9	5.8
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	4,675	2,310	2,365	25.0	24.9	25.0
Living alone	2,750	1,320	1,430	14.7	14.3	15.1
Living with other relatives⁷	295	135	160	1.6	1.5	1.7
Living with non-relatives only	1,635	850	780	8.7	9.2	8.3
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	8,505	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	4,690	...	...	55.1	...	...
Couple-family households	4,005	...	...	47.1	...	...
With children⁶	1,645	...	...	19.3	...	...
Without children	2,360	...	...	27.7	...	...
One-parent-family households	685	...	...	8.1	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	95	...	...	1.1	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	60	...	...	0.7	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	335	...	...	3.9	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	575	...	...	6.8	...	...
One-person households	2,755	...	...	32.4	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	16,045	7,895	8,150	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	15,665	7,700	7,965	97.6	97.5	97.7
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	39,600	44,400	35,600	39,600	44,400	35,600
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	15,665	7,705	7,970	97.6	97.6	97.8
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	36,000	40,000	33,200	36,000	40,000	33,200
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	14,465	7,155	7,315	90.2	90.6	89.8
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	31,200	37,200	26,000	31,200	37,200	26,000
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	11,105	5,620	5,490	69.2	71.2	67.4
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	30,400	35,200	26,400	30,400	35,200	26,400
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	13,370	6,300	7,070	83.3	79.8	86.7
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	11,300	11,200	11,500	11,300	11,200	11,500
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	1,780	955	830	11.1	12.1	10.2
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,720	5,960	5,400	5,720	5,960	5,400
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	4,570	2,185	2,385	28.5	27.7	29.3
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	16,045	7,895	8,145	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	15,710	7,730	7,975	97.9	97.9	97.9
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	49,640	54,850	44,600	49,640	54,850	44,600
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	15,720	7,730	7,985	98.0	97.9	98.0
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	42,640	46,440	38,960	42,640	46,440	38,960
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	14,465	7,140	7,325	90.2	90.4	89.9
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	43,120	49,320	37,080	43,120	49,320	37,080
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	11,105	5,570	5,540	69.2	70.6	68.0
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	41,160	46,280	36,040	41,160	46,280	36,040
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	13,380	6,380	7,000	83.4	80.8	85.9
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	11,670	11,280	12,020	11,670	11,280	12,020
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	1,825	995	825	11.4	12.6	10.1
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,600	6,560	6,640	6,600	6,560	6,640
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	4,670	2,235	2,435	29.1	28.3	29.9
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,860	8,870	8,850	8,860	8,870	8,850
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	16,040	7,895	8,145	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	4,085	2,240	1,845	25.5	28.4	22.7
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	60,800	64,000	56,800	60,800	64,000	56,800
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	67,200	72,400	60,950	67,200	72,400	60,950
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	5,700	2,610	3,085	35.5	33.1	37.9
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	19,400	21,200	17,600	19,400	21,200	17,600
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	28,440	31,680	25,720	28,440	31,680	25,720
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	80.0	83.0	76.4	80.0	83.0	76.4
Employment income (%)¹⁹	58.6	60.8	56.1	58.6	60.8	56.1
Government transfers (%)²⁰	20.0	17.0	23.6	20.0	17.0	23.6
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.5	1.5	1.6	1.5	1.5	1.6
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	6.5	5.6	7.6	6.5	5.6	7.6
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	5.3	4.7	6.1	5.3	4.7	6.1
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	16,040	7,895	8,145	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without total income	380	200	185	2.4	2.5	2.3
With total income	15,665	7,700	7,965	97.7	97.5	97.8
Under $10,000 (including loss)	1,155	525	630	7.4	6.8	7.9
$10,000 to $19,999	1,820	750	1,070	11.6	9.7	13.4
$20,000 to $29,999	2,690	1,165	1,530	17.2	15.1	19.2
$30,000 to $39,999	2,280	1,030	1,250	14.6	13.4	15.7
$40,000 to $49,999	1,795	860	935	11.5	11.2	11.7
$50,000 to $59,999	1,490	745	745	9.5	9.7	9.4
$60,000 to $69,999	1,070	570	500	6.8	7.4	6.3
$70,000 to $79,999	865	485	375	5.5	6.3	4.7
$80,000 to $89,999	615	385	235	3.9	5.0	3.0
$90,000 to $99,999	520	275	240	3.3	3.6	3.0
$100,000 and over	1,360	910	455	8.7	11.8	5.7
$100,000 to $149,999	970	635	335	6.2	8.2	4.2
$150,000 and over	395	275	120	2.5	3.6	1.5
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	16,040	7,895	8,145	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without after-tax income	375	195	180	2.3	2.5	2.2
With after-tax income	15,670	7,700	7,965	97.7	97.5	97.8
Under $10,000 (including loss)	1,225	545	675	7.8	7.1	8.5
$10,000 to $19,999	1,890	770	1,120	12.1	10.0	14.1
$20,000 to $29,999	3,090	1,360	1,730	19.7	17.7	21.7
$30,000 to $39,999	2,535	1,170	1,360	16.2	15.2	17.1
$40,000 to $49,999	2,035	995	1,035	13.0	12.9	13.0
$50,000 to $59,999	1,475	775	695	9.4	10.1	8.7
$60,000 to $69,999	1,115	640	470	7.1	8.3	5.9
$70,000 to $79,999	765	435	325	4.9	5.6	4.1
$80,000 to $89,999	545	310	230	3.5	4.0	2.9
$90,000 to $99,999	340	225	120	2.2	2.9	1.5
$100,000 and over	670	470	205	4.3	6.1	2.6
$100,000 to $124,999	345	250	90	2.2	3.2	1.1
$125,000 and over	330	220	110	2.1	2.9	1.4
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	16,040	7,895	8,145	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without employment income	4,935	2,275	2,660	30.8	28.8	32.7
With employment income	11,105	5,620	5,485	69.2	71.2	67.3
Under $5,000 (including loss)	1,745	810	935	15.7	14.4	17.0
$5,000 to $9,999	980	445	540	8.8	7.9	9.8
$10,000 to $19,999	1,550	730	825	14.0	13.0	15.0
$20,000 to $29,999	1,230	565	660	11.1	10.1	12.0
$30,000 to $39,999	1,035	475	560	9.3	8.5	10.2
$40,000 to $49,999	875	420	450	7.9	7.5	8.2
$50,000 to $59,999	795	400	390	7.2	7.1	7.1
$60,000 to $69,999	670	360	310	6.0	6.4	5.7
$70,000 to $79,999	575	345	235	5.2	6.1	4.3
$80,000 to $89,999	440	260	185	4.0	4.6	3.4
$90,000 to $99,999	345	200	150	3.1	3.6	2.7
$100,000 and over	870	615	250	7.8	10.9	4.6
$100,000 to $124,999	465	315	155	4.2	5.6	2.8
$125,000 and over	400	305	100	3.6	5.4	1.8
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	16,045	7,895	8,150	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	15,255	7,460	7,800	95.1	94.5	95.7
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	37,200	43,200	32,000	37,200	43,200	32,000
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	15,290	7,465	7,825	95.3	94.6	96.0
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	33,600	38,400	29,600	33,600	38,400	29,600
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	14,215	7,000	7,220	88.6	88.7	88.6
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	32,400	38,800	27,200	32,400	38,800	27,200
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	11,450	5,685	5,765	71.4	72.0	70.7
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	30,200	35,600	25,800	30,200	35,600	25,800
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	11,115	5,015	6,095	69.3	63.5	74.8
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	7,200	7,500	7,050	7,200	7,500	7,050
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	1,505	810	695	9.4	10.3	8.5
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	5,760	6,040	5,520	5,760	6,040	5,520
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	16,045	7,895	8,145	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	15,265	7,445	7,820	95.1	94.3	96.0
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	47,680	54,050	41,560	47,680	54,050	41,560
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	15,285	7,445	7,835	95.3	94.3	96.2
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	40,400	45,360	35,640	40,400	45,360	35,640
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	14,220	6,980	7,240	88.6	88.4	88.9
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	44,360	51,250	37,720	44,360	51,250	37,720
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	11,460	5,670	5,790	71.4	71.8	71.1
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	40,320	46,040	34,720	40,320	46,040	34,720
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	11,065	5,005	6,060	69.0	63.4	74.4
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	8,740	8,910	8,590	8,740	8,910	8,590
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	1,475	800	670	9.2	10.1	8.2
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,980	6,920	7,060	6,980	6,920	7,060
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	16,040	7,895	8,145	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	4,030	2,210	1,825	25.1	28.0	22.4
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	56,800	60,000	51,200	56,800	60,000	51,200
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	62,850	68,300	56,200	62,850	68,300	56,200
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	5,330	2,405	2,925	33.2	30.5	35.9
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	23,800	27,000	20,400	23,800	27,000	20,400
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	32,280	36,880	28,480	32,280	36,880	28,480
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	86.8	89.0	84.0	86.8	89.0	84.0
Employment income (%)	63.5	64.8	61.9	63.5	64.8	61.9
Government transfers (%)	13.3	11.1	16.0	13.3	11.1	16.0
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.4	1.4	1.5	1.4	1.4	1.5
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	8,510	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	74,500	...	...	74,500	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	67,500	...	...	67,500	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	2,755	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	38,400	...	...	38,400	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	35,200	...	...	35,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	5,755	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	97,000	...	...	97,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	87,000	...	...	87,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	8,505	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	91,700	...	...	91,700	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	78,800	...	...	78,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	2,750	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	46,160	...	...	46,160	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	39,960	...	...	39,960	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	5,760	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	113,400	...	...	113,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	97,300	...	...	97,300	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	8,510	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	90	...	...	1.1	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	45	...	...	0.5	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	85	...	...	1.0	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	220	...	...	2.6	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	425	...	...	5.0	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	320	...	...	3.8	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	330	...	...	3.9	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	325	...	...	3.8	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	350	...	...	4.1	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	355	...	...	4.2	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	745	...	...	8.8	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	670	...	...	7.9	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	595	...	...	7.0	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	530	...	...	6.2	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	490	...	...	5.8	...	...
$100,000 and over	2,935	...	...	34.5	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	950	...	...	11.2	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	690	...	...	8.1	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	760	...	...	8.9	...	...
$200,000 and over	525	...	...	6.2	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	8,510	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	105	...	...	1.2	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	50	...	...	0.6	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	90	...	...	1.1	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	230	...	...	2.7	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	450	...	...	5.3	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	375	...	...	4.4	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	385	...	...	4.5	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	360	...	...	4.2	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	425	...	...	5.0	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	420	...	...	4.9	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	805	...	...	9.5	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	755	...	...	8.9	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	660	...	...	7.8	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	590	...	...	6.9	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	490	...	...	5.8	...	...
$100,000 and over	2,325	...	...	27.3	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	940	...	...	11.0	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	645	...	...	7.6	...	...
$150,000 and over	740	...	...	8.7	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	5,275	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	96,000	...	...	96,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	85,000	...	...	85,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	2,530	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	87,000	...	...	87,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	78,000	...	...	78,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	1,815	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	128,000	...	...	128,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	111,000	...	...	111,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	3.8	...	...	3.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	805	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	63,600	...	...	63,600	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	58,800	...	...	58,800	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.5	...	...	2.5	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	4,385	2,170	2,215	...	...	...
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	35,200	36,800	34,000	35,200	36,800	34,000
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	32,800	33,200	31,800	32,800	33,200	31,800
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	5,255	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	112,200	...	...	112,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	95,900	...	...	95,900	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	2,510	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	104,400	...	...	104,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	88,000	...	...	88,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,845	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	139,000	...	...	139,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	118,500	...	...	118,500	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	780	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	73,600	...	...	73,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	66,600	...	...	66,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	4,385	2,170	2,215	...	...	...
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	43,360	44,560	42,200	43,360	44,560	42,200
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	37,960	38,320	37,640	37,960	38,320	37,640
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	18,715	9,260	9,450	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	3,250	1,675	1,575	17.4	18.1	16.7
0 to 5 years	900	455	440	4.8	4.9	4.7
18 to 64 years	11,480	5,640	5,835	61.3	60.9	61.7
65 years and over	3,990	1,945	2,045	21.3	21.0	21.6
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	2,085	970	1,120	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	385	200	185	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	95	45	50	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	1,125	540	585	...	...	...
65 years and over	575	225	345	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	11.2	10.5	11.8	11.2	10.5	11.8
0 to 17 years (%)	11.9	12.1	11.8	11.9	12.1	11.8
0 to 5 years (%)	10.6	10.0	11.2	10.6	10.0	11.2
18 to 64 years (%)	9.8	9.6	10.0	9.8	9.6	10.0
65 years and over (%)	14.4	11.7	16.9	14.4	11.7	16.9
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	18,710	9,260	9,450	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	3,245	1,675	1,570	17.3	18.1	16.6
0 to 5 years	895	460	440	4.8	5.0	4.7
18 to 64 years	11,480	5,640	5,840	61.4	60.9	61.8
65 years and over	3,985	1,945	2,040	21.3	21.0	21.6
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	675	355	320	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	115	65	50	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	15	5	10	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	515	270	245	...	...	...
65 years and over	45	20	25	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	3.6	3.8	3.4	3.6	3.8	3.4
0 to 17 years (%)	3.6	3.7	3.4	3.6	3.7	3.4
0 to 5 years (%)	1.8	1.6	2.4	1.8	1.6	2.4
18 to 64 years (%)	4.5	4.8	4.2	4.5	4.8	4.2
65 years and over (%)	1.1	1.1	1.2	1.1	1.1	1.2
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	18,715	9,260	9,450	100.0	100.0	100.0
In bottom half of the distribution	10,245	4,975	5,275	54.7	53.7	55.8
In bottom decile	2,235	1,065	1,170	11.9	11.5	12.4
In second decile	2,140	1,000	1,135	11.4	10.8	12.0
In third decile	2,015	1,005	1,010	10.8	10.9	10.7
In fourth decile	1,915	940	975	10.2	10.2	10.3
In fifth decile	1,940	960	985	10.4	10.4	10.4
In top half of the distribution	8,465	4,290	4,180	45.2	46.3	44.2
In sixth decile	1,705	845	860	9.1	9.1	9.1
In seventh decile	1,815	915	900	9.7	9.9	9.5
In eighth decile	1,765	900	865	9.4	9.7	9.2
In ninth decile	1,765	900	865	9.4	9.7	9.2
In top decile	1,425	730	690	7.6	7.9	7.3
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	18,710	...	...	18,710	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.313	...	...	0.313	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.425	...	...	0.425	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.280	...	...	0.280	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.6	...	...	3.6	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	18,890	9,335	9,560	100.0	100.0	100.0
English only	16,745	8,395	8,350	88.6	89.9	87.3
French only	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
English and French	2,115	925	1,185	11.2	9.9	12.4
Neither English nor French	30	10	20	0.2	0.1	0.2
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	18,890	9,335	9,560	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	18,345	9,090	9,260	97.1	97.4	96.9
French	480	225	260	2.5	2.4	2.7
English and French	40	15	25	0.2	0.2	0.3
Neither English nor French	25	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.2
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	18,890	9,335	9,560	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	18,510	9,150	9,360	98.0	98.0	97.9
Official languages	17,060	8,510	8,550	90.3	91.2	89.4
English	16,585	8,285	8,295	87.8	88.8	86.8
French	480	220	260	2.5	2.4	2.7
Non-official languages	1,450	645	810	7.7	6.9	8.5
Indigenous languages³⁹	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	1,450	640	805	7.7	6.9	8.4
Afro-Asiatic languages	25	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	25	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	20	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	105	45	65	0.6	0.5	0.7
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	95	40	55	0.5	0.4	0.6
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	55	35	20	0.3	0.4	0.2
Kannada	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Malayalam	40	25	15	0.2	0.3	0.2
Tamil	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Telugu	10	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	1,060	480	585	5.6	5.1	6.1
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	295	130	165	1.6	1.4	1.7
Baltic languages	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Latvian	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Lithuanian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	290	130	160	1.5	1.4	1.7
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	40	20	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	50	25	25	0.3	0.3	0.3
Russian	130	55	75	0.7	0.6	0.8
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.2
Bosnian	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Croatian	15	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Serbian	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Slovene (Slovenian)	10	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Ukrainian	30	15	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	380	170	210	2.0	1.8	2.2
Frisian	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
High German languages	250	110	140	1.3	1.2	1.5
German	230	100	130	1.2	1.1	1.4
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	20	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	110	55	55	0.6	0.6	0.6
Afrikaans	15	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Dutch	90	40	45	0.5	0.4	0.5
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	20	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.2
Danish	15	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Indo-Iranian languages	145	70	75	0.8	0.7	0.8
Indo-Aryan languages	130	60	75	0.7	0.6	0.8
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Gujarati	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Hindi	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.2
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	90	45	45	0.5	0.5	0.5
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	10	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	10	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	230	105	120	1.2	1.1	1.3
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	105	55	50	0.6	0.6	0.5
Portuguese	50	20	25	0.3	0.2	0.3
Romanian	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Spanish	70	30	45	0.4	0.3	0.5
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	55	20	30	0.3	0.2	0.3
Korean	30	10	20	0.2	0.1	0.2
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	70	30	40	0.4	0.3	0.4
Chinese languages	70	30	40	0.4	0.3	0.4
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	25	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.2
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	40	20	25	0.2	0.2	0.3
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	25	5	20	0.1	0.1	0.2
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Hungarian	10	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	385	185	200	2.0	2.0	2.1
English and French	140	80	65	0.7	0.9	0.7
English and non-official language(s)	210	95	115	1.1	1.0	1.2
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
English, French and non-official language(s)	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Multiple non-official languages	15	5	15	0.1	0.1	0.2
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	18,890	9,335	9,560	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	17,115	8,540	8,580	90.6	91.5	89.7
French	130	65	65	0.7	0.7	0.7
Non-official language	160	70	90	0.8	0.7	0.9
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	160	70	90	0.8	0.7	0.9
English and French	380	165	210	2.0	1.8	2.2
English and non-official language(s)	1,040	465	575	5.5	5.0	6.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	50	25	30	0.3	0.3	0.3
Multiple non-official languages	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	18,890	9,335	9,560	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	18,665	9,235	9,430	98.8	98.9	98.6
Official languages	18,230	9,045	9,185	96.5	96.9	96.1
English	18,030	8,945	9,080	95.4	95.8	95.0
French	200	100	105	1.1	1.1	1.1
Non-official languages	435	190	240	2.3	2.0	2.5
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	435	190	240	2.3	2.0	2.5
Afro-Asiatic languages	15	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	15	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	65	25	40	0.3	0.3	0.4
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	65	25	40	0.3	0.3	0.4
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	30	20	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	25	15	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	240	105	135	1.3	1.1	1.4
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	50	25	30	0.3	0.3	0.3
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	50	25	30	0.3	0.3	0.3
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	15	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	65	25	40	0.3	0.3	0.4
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	30	10	20	0.2	0.1	0.2
German	30	10	20	0.2	0.1	0.2
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	20	15	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Afrikaans	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Dutch	15	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	70	35	35	0.4	0.4	0.4
Indo-Aryan languages	70	35	35	0.4	0.4	0.4
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	40	20	25	0.2	0.2	0.3
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	55	25	35	0.3	0.3	0.4
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	20	5	15	0.1	0.1	0.2
Portuguese	20	15	5	0.1	0.2	0.1
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	20	5	15	0.1	0.1	0.2
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Korean	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.2
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	35	10	20	0.2	0.1	0.2
Chinese languages	35	10	20	0.2	0.1	0.2
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	20	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	20	5	15	0.1	0.1	0.2
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	230	100	130	1.2	1.1	1.4
English and French	55	20	35	0.3	0.2	0.4
English and non-official language(s)	170	75	90	0.9	0.8	0.9
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	18,895	9,335	9,560	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	17,595	8,755	8,845	93.1	93.8	92.5
English	275	120	155	1.5	1.3	1.6
French	270	120	150	1.4	1.3	1.6
Non-official language	615	280	335	3.3	3.0	3.5
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	615	280	335	3.3	3.0	3.5
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	50	20	30	0.3	0.2	0.3
French and non-official language(s)	30	10	15	0.2	0.1	0.2
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	55	25	30	0.3	0.3	0.3
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	18,710	9,260	9,450	100.0	100.0	100.0
Official languages	18,685	9,240	9,440	99.9	99.8	99.9
English	18,680	9,240	9,440	99.8	99.8	99.9
French	2,110	890	1,220	11.3	9.6	12.9
Non-official languages	2,690	1,240	1,455	14.4	13.4	15.4
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	2,685	1,235	1,455	14.4	13.3	15.4
Afro-Asiatic languages	30	10	20	0.2	0.1	0.2
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	30	10	20	0.2	0.1	0.2
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	20	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	190	80	110	1.0	0.9	1.2
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	180	80	105	1.0	0.9	1.1
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	40	30	10	0.2	0.3	0.1
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	20	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	20	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	2,140	970	1,165	11.4	10.5	12.3
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	350	155	200	1.9	1.7	2.1
Baltic languages	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	335	150	185	1.8	1.6	2.0
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	70	25	45	0.4	0.3	0.5
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	60	25	40	0.3	0.3	0.4
Russian	170	70	100	0.9	0.8	1.1
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	20	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	20	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.2
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	25	20	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	630	345	280	3.4	3.7	3.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	400	210	185	2.1	2.3	2.0
German	390	205	185	2.1	2.2	2.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	40	20	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	185	110	75	1.0	1.2	0.8
Afrikaans	40	20	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Dutch	145	85	55	0.8	0.9	0.6
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	70	40	30	0.4	0.4	0.3
Danish	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Swedish	50	30	20	0.3	0.3	0.2
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	20	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
Indo-Iranian languages	195	85	110	1.0	0.9	1.2
Indo-Aryan languages	170	70	100	0.9	0.8	1.1
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	90	30	55	0.5	0.3	0.6
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	115	40	70	0.6	0.4	0.7
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	25	15	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	25	15	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	25	15	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	1,045	435	610	5.6	4.7	6.5
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	195	85	110	1.0	0.9	1.2
Portuguese	85	45	35	0.5	0.5	0.4
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	800	310	490	4.3	3.3	5.2
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	110	55	55	0.6	0.6	0.6
Korean	40	30	10	0.2	0.3	0.1
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	25	15	15	0.1	0.2	0.2
American Sign Language	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	120	60	60	0.6	0.6	0.6
Chinese languages	120	60	60	0.6	0.6	0.6
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	65	35	30	0.3	0.4	0.3
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	20	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.2
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	55	15	35	0.3	0.2	0.4
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	40	15	25	0.2	0.2	0.3
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Hungarian	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.2
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	18,710	9,260	9,450	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	1,015	520	500	5.4	5.6	5.3
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	990	500	495	5.3	5.4	5.2
First Nations (North American Indian)	425	175	250	2.3	1.9	2.6
Métis	545	320	225	2.9	3.5	2.4
Inuk (Inuit)	25	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	25	20	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous identity	17,695	8,740	8,955	94.6	94.4	94.8
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	18,710	9,260	9,450	100.0	100.0	100.0
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	200	70	135	1.1	0.8	1.4
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	18,510	9,190	9,315	98.9	99.2	98.6
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	8,505	...	...	100.0	...	...
Owner	6,115	...	...	71.9	...	...
Renter	2,390	...	...	28.1	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	8,505	...	...	100.0	...	...
Condominium	555	...	...	6.5	...	...
Not condominium	7,955	...	...	93.5	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	8,505	...	...	100.0	...	...
No bedrooms	80	...	...	0.9	...	...
1 bedroom	1,070	...	...	12.6	...	...
2 bedrooms	2,360	...	...	27.7	...	...
3 bedrooms	2,935	...	...	34.5	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	2,060	...	...	24.2	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	8,505	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	2,330	...	...	27.4	...	...
5 rooms	1,345	...	...	15.8	...	...
6 rooms	1,325	...	...	15.6	...	...
7 rooms	955	...	...	11.2	...	...
8 or more rooms	2,560	...	...	30.1	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.3	...	...	6.3	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	8,505	...	...	100.0	...	...
One person or fewer per room	8,435	...	...	99.2	...	...
More than one person per room	70	...	...	0.8	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	8,505	...	...	100.0	...	...
Suitable	8,195	...	...	96.4	...	...
Not suitable	315	...	...	3.7	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	8,505	...	...	100.0	...	...
1960 or before	2,940	...	...	34.6	...	...
1961 to 1980	2,150	...	...	25.3	...	...
1981 to 1990	740	...	...	8.7	...	...
1991 to 2000	1,190	...	...	14.0	...	...
2001 to 2005	345	...	...	4.1	...	...
2006 to 2010	405	...	...	4.8	...	...
2011 to 2015	315	...	...	3.7	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	415	...	...	4.9	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	8,505	...	...	100.0	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	7,725	...	...	90.8	...	...
Major repairs needed	780	...	...	9.2	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	8,505	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-maintainer household	4,215	...	...	49.6	...	...
Two-maintainer household	3,880	...	...	45.6	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	405	...	...	4.8	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	8,505	...	...	100.0	...	...
15 to 24 years	135	...	...	1.6	...	...
25 to 34 years	1,085	...	...	12.8	...	...
35 to 44 years	1,385	...	...	16.3	...	...
45 to 54 years	1,555	...	...	18.3	...	...
55 to 64 years	1,665	...	...	19.6	...	...
65 to 74 years	1,660	...	...	19.5	...	...
75 to 84 years	710	...	...	8.3	...	...
85 years and over	305	...	...	3.6	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	8,460	...	...	100.0	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	6,685	...	...	79.0	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	1,775	...	...	21.0	...	...
30% to less than 100%	1,600	...	...	18.9	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	8,505	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	2,565	...	...	30.2	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	1,500	...	...	17.6	...	...
Not suitable only	220	...	...	2.6	...	...
Major repairs needed only	545	...	...	6.4	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	60	...	...	0.7	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	205	...	...	2.4	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	20	...	...	0.2	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	10	...	...	0.1	...	...
Acceptable housing	5,945	...	...	69.9	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	8,285	...	...	100.0	...	...
In core need	775	...	...	9.4	...	...
Not in core need	7,510	...	...	90.6	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	6,075	...	...	...	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	54.2	...	...	54.2	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	15.1	...	...	15.1	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	5.6	...	...	5.6	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	970	...	...	970	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,257	...	...	1,257	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	584,000	...	...	584,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	608,500	...	...	608,500	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	2,395	...	...	...	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	9.4	...	...	9.4	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	36.1	...	...	36.1	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	19.3	...	...	19.3	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,120	...	...	1,120	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,189	...	...	1,189	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	...	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	18,715	9,260	9,450	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	175	105	70	0.9	1.1	0.7
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	165	95	70	0.9	1.0	0.7
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	80	40	40	0.4	0.4	0.4
Métis single ancestry	90	55	30	0.5	0.6	0.3
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	1,040	520	520	5.6	5.6	5.5
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	1,025	505	520	5.5	5.5	5.5
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	650	315	330	3.5	3.4	3.5
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	350	180	175	1.9	1.9	1.9
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	25	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	15	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	15	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	17,495	8,635	8,855	93.5	93.3	93.7
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	18,715	9,260	9,450	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	17,460	8,660	8,795	93.3	93.5	93.1
Canadian citizens aged under 18	3,075	1,565	1,505	16.4	16.9	15.9
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	14,385	7,095	7,290	76.9	76.6	77.1
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	1,250	600	650	6.7	6.5	6.9
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	18,715	9,260	9,450	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	15,720	7,775	7,950	84.0	84.0	84.1
Immigrants⁸¹	2,565	1,265	1,300	13.7	13.7	13.8
Before 1980	955	500	455	5.1	5.4	4.8
1980 to 1990	215	95	115	1.1	1.0	1.2
1991 to 2000	240	110	135	1.3	1.2	1.4
2001 to 2010	495	245	250	2.6	2.6	2.6
2011 to 2021⁸²	665	320	345	3.6	3.5	3.7
2011 to 2015	220	100	110	1.2	1.1	1.2
2016 to 2021	450	215	235	2.4	2.3	2.5
Non-permanent residents⁸³	425	220	205	2.3	2.4	2.2
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	2,565	1,265	1,300	100.0	100.0	100.0
Under 5 years	360	225	135	14.0	17.8	10.4
5 to 14 years	440	225	215	17.2	17.8	16.5
15 to 24 years	495	225	270	19.3	17.8	20.8
25 to 44 years	1,080	490	585	42.1	38.7	45.0
45 years and over	185	95	95	7.2	7.5	7.3
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	2,565	1,265	1,300	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	810	385	420	31.6	30.4	32.3
Brazil	10	0	0	0.4	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
El Salvador	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyana	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	10	0	10	0.4	0.0	0.8
Mexico	30	25	10	1.2	2.0	0.8
Peru	10	0	10	0.4	0.0	0.8
Trinidad and Tobago	10	0	0	0.4	0.0	0.0
United States of America	700	340	355	27.3	26.9	27.3
Other places of birth in Americas	35	10	25	1.4	0.8	1.9
Europe	1,275	675	600	49.7	53.4	46.2
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatia	15	10	0	0.6	0.8	0.0
France	50	25	25	1.9	2.0	1.9
Germany	120	65	60	4.7	5.1	4.6
Greece	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	80	30	50	3.1	2.4	3.8
Netherlands	105	70	30	4.1	5.5	2.3
Poland	30	10	25	1.2	0.8	1.9
Portugal	20	10	15	0.8	0.8	1.2
Romania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	20	0	10	0.8	0.0	0.8
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	10	0	0	0.4	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	620	355	270	24.2	28.1	20.8
Other places of birth in Europe	195	95	100	7.6	7.5	7.7
Africa	90	35	50	3.5	2.8	3.8
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	55	30	30	2.1	2.4	2.3
Other places of birth in Africa	30	10	20	1.2	0.8	1.5
Asia	310	115	195	12.1	9.1	15.0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	20	10	15	0.8	0.8	1.2
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	40	15	20	1.6	1.2	1.5
Hong Kong⁹¹	10	0	0	0.4	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	10	0	0	0.4	0.0	0.0
Taiwan	10	0	10	0.4	0.0	0.8
Philippines	100	40	55	3.9	3.2	4.2
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	55	20	35	2.1	1.6	2.7
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	60	20	40	2.3	1.6	3.1
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	80	50	35	3.1	4.0	2.7
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	450	220	230	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	130	75	60	28.9	34.1	26.1
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	10	10	0	2.2	4.5	0.0
United States of America	115	65	50	25.6	29.5	21.7
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Europe	165	80	85	36.7	36.4	37.0
France	20	0	20	4.4	0.0	8.7
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	10	0	0	2.2	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	90	45	45	20.0	20.5	19.6
Other places of birth in Europe	40	25	15	8.9	11.4	6.5
Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asia	120	35	85	26.7	15.9	37.0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	50	20	30	11.1	9.1	13.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	60	20	35	13.3	9.1	15.2
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania and other⁹³	35	25	0	7.8	11.4	0.0
Australia	25	25	0	5.6	11.4	0.0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	18,710	9,260	9,450	100.0	100.0	100.0
First generation¹⁰⁰	3,410	1,705	1,700	18.2	18.4	18.0
Second generation¹⁰¹	3,765	1,795	1,970	20.1	19.4	20.8
Third generation or more¹⁰²	11,535	5,755	5,785	61.7	62.1	61.2
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	1,615	770	845	100.0	100.0	100.0
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	880	440	445	54.5	57.1	52.7
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	410	210	195	25.4	27.3	23.1
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	470	225	245	29.1	29.2	29.0
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	645	295	350	39.9	38.3	41.4
Refugees¹⁰⁸	65	30	40	4.0	3.9	4.7
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	20	0	15	1.2	0.0	1.8
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	1,615	770	845	100.0	100.0	100.0
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	15	10	0	0.9	1.3	0.0
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	490	245	245	30.3	31.8	29.0
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	65	25	30	4.0	3.2	3.6
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	110	50	60	6.8	6.5	7.1
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	25	15	10	1.5	1.9	1.2
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	915	420	495	56.7	54.5	58.6
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	18,710	9,260	9,450	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	1,235	530	705	6.6	5.7	7.5
South Asian	275	115	160	1.5	1.2	1.7
Chinese	140	60	80	0.7	0.6	0.8
Black	110	40	70	0.6	0.4	0.7
Filipino	220	80	135	1.2	0.9	1.4
Arab	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Latin American	125	55	70	0.7	0.6	0.7
Southeast Asian	35	20	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
West Asian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	35	25	10	0.2	0.3	0.1
Japanese	180	80	100	1.0	0.9	1.1
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.2
Multiple visible minorities	65	25	35	0.3	0.3	0.4
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	17,475	8,730	8,745	93.4	94.3	92.5
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	18,710	9,265	9,450	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian	1,810	930	880	9.7	10.0	9.3
English	5,775	2,780	2,995	30.9	30.0	31.7
Irish	3,760	1,785	1,975	20.1	19.3	20.9
Scottish	4,235	2,020	2,210	22.6	21.8	23.4
French, n.o.s.¹²²	2,300	1,110	1,190	12.3	12.0	12.6
German	3,265	1,605	1,665	17.5	17.3	17.6
Chinese	175	90	90	0.9	1.0	1.0
Italian	1,255	625	635	6.7	6.7	6.7
Indian (India)	240	110	125	1.3	1.2	1.3
Ukrainian	1,105	560	550	5.9	6.0	5.8
Dutch	1,010	530	485	5.4	5.7	5.1
Polish	810	355	455	4.3	3.8	4.8
Québécois	60	30	25	0.3	0.3	0.3
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	995	480	515	5.3	5.2	5.4
Filipino	235	100	135	1.3	1.1	1.4
French Canadian	230	100	125	1.2	1.1	1.3
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	310	175	135	1.7	1.9	1.4
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	305	130	170	1.6	1.4	1.8
Métis	470	260	205	2.5	2.8	2.2
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	700	365	335	3.7	3.9	3.5
Russian	1,055	525	535	5.6	5.7	5.7
Norwegian	675	305	370	3.6	3.3	3.9
Welsh	650	330	325	3.5	3.6	3.4
Portuguese	95	20	75	0.5	0.2	0.8
American	625	285	335	3.3	3.1	3.5
Spanish	155	65	85	0.8	0.7	0.9
Swedish	770	340	430	4.1	3.7	4.6
Hungarian	250	120	125	1.3	1.3	1.3
Acadian	60	10	40	0.3	0.1	0.4
Pakistani	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	70	25	40	0.4	0.3	0.4
Jewish	265	125	140	1.4	1.3	1.5
Punjabi	20	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.2
Vietnamese	20	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	30	10	20	0.2	0.1	0.2
Greek	105	45	65	0.6	0.5	0.7
Jamaican	45	20	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	40	15	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	90	35	55	0.5	0.4	0.6
Korean	40	35	10	0.2	0.4	0.1
Romanian	120	60	60	0.6	0.6	0.6
Lebanese	35	15	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Iranian	30	15	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	225	120	105	1.2	1.3	1.1
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	85	35	55	0.5	0.4	0.6
Sikh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austrian	380	180	200	2.0	1.9	2.1
Belgian	145	55	90	0.8	0.6	1.0
Haitian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexican	45	20	25	0.2	0.2	0.3
Mennonite	70	30	40	0.4	0.3	0.4
Swiss	335	165	170	1.8	1.8	1.8
Finnish	285	155	135	1.5	1.7	1.4
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	80	40	40	0.4	0.4	0.4
Japanese	190	80	110	1.0	0.9	1.2
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	65	50	15	0.3	0.5	0.2
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	135	45	85	0.7	0.5	0.9
Muslim	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egyptian	25	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.2
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	135	80	55	0.7	0.9	0.6
Colombian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moroccan	20	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Czech	185	110	75	1.0	1.2	0.8
Syrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyanese	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Afghan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Serbian	20	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Ojibway	40	25	15	0.2	0.3	0.2
Newfoundlander	35	20	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Hong Konger	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ontarian	25	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.2
Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Turkish	30	20	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	25	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.2
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algerian	20	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Brazilian	55	35	15	0.3	0.4	0.2
Nigerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	30	25	10	0.2	0.3	0.1
Slovak	45	15	25	0.2	0.2	0.3
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	90	50	45	0.5	0.5	0.5
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwanese	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Iraqi	20	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.2
Salvadorean	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
African Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	20	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.2
Algonquin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	25	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.2
South African	55	30	25	0.3	0.3	0.3
Australian	115	60	50	0.6	0.6	0.5
Palestinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chilean	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
Congolese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	55	25	30	0.3	0.3	0.3
Peruvian	35	10	25	0.2	0.1	0.3
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Macedonian	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Slovenian	20	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	40	20	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Canadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israeli	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	50	35	15	0.3	0.4	0.2
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albertan	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African American	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	35	15	25	0.2	0.2	0.3
Tunisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuban	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	60	25	35	0.3	0.3	0.4
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.2
Laotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Northern Irish	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	30	15	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
British Columbian	95	60	40	0.5	0.6	0.4
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jatt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dominican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Byelorussian	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.2
Abenaki	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
New Zealander	55	20	40	0.3	0.2	0.4
Sudanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Breton	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania Dutch	25	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Malaysian	20	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saskatchewanian	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Buddhist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gaspesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norman	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	25	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Ivorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Manitoban	30	15	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mayan	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Honduran	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cherokee	30	25	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Flemish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sicilian	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.2
Pashtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Goan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamileke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Libyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Basque	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igorot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guinean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maliseet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Beninese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Roma	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tajik	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amhara	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	18,710	9,260	9,455	100.0	100.0	100.0
Buddhist	235	95	140	1.3	1.0	1.5
Christian	5,035	2,290	2,740	26.9	24.7	29.0
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	875	405	465	4.7	4.4	4.9
Anabaptist	30	10	20	0.2	0.1	0.2
Anglican	565	255	305	3.0	2.8	3.2
Baptist	75	35	40	0.4	0.4	0.4
Catholic	1,760	855	905	9.4	9.2	9.6
Christian Orthodox	75	30	45	0.4	0.3	0.5
Jehovah's Witness	105	50	60	0.6	0.5	0.6
Latter Day Saints	50	25	30	0.3	0.3	0.3
Lutheran	145	65	85	0.8	0.7	0.9
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	30	20	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	105	45	60	0.6	0.5	0.6
Presbyterian	130	65	70	0.7	0.7	0.7
Reformed	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
United Church	710	260	445	3.8	2.8	4.7
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	360	165	195	1.9	1.8	2.1
Hindu	65	25	40	0.3	0.3	0.4
Jewish	180	70	115	1.0	0.8	1.2
Muslim	25	20	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Sikh	75	30	45	0.4	0.3	0.5
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	20	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.2
Other religions and spiritual traditions	355	160	195	1.9	1.7	2.1
No religion and secular perspectives	12,725	6,575	6,155	68.0	71.0	65.1
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	18,580	9,195	9,385	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	15,890	7,815	8,080	85.5	85.0	86.1
Movers	2,690	1,375	1,310	14.5	15.0	14.0
Non-migrants	1,485	735	745	8.0	8.0	7.9
Migrants	1,205	645	565	6.5	7.0	6.0
Internal migrants	1,000	535	465	5.4	5.8	5.0
Intraprovincial migrants	600	305	300	3.2	3.3	3.2
Interprovincial migrants	400	230	170	2.2	2.5	1.8
External migrants	205	110	95	1.1	1.2	1.0
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	17,975	8,890	9,085	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	10,210	4,955	5,255	56.8	55.7	57.8
Movers	7,765	3,930	3,835	43.2	44.2	42.2
Non-migrants	2,135	1,155	985	11.9	13.0	10.8
Migrants	5,630	2,785	2,845	31.3	31.3	31.3
Internal migrants	4,740	2,345	2,395	26.4	26.4	26.4
Intraprovincial migrants	3,335	1,630	1,705	18.6	18.3	18.8
Interprovincial migrants	1,405	710	695	7.8	8.0	7.6
External migrants	890	440	450	5.0	4.9	5.0
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	16,040	7,895	8,145	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	1,920	1,075	845	12.0	13.6	10.4
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	14,120	6,820	7,300	88.0	86.4	89.6
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	10,405	5,095	5,310	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	655	395	260	6.3	7.8	4.9
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	9,755	4,700	5,050	93.8	92.2	95.1
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	16,045	7,895	8,145	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	1,655	905	745	10.3	11.5	9.1
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	4,145	2,160	1,990	25.8	27.4	24.4
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	10,250	4,830	5,410	63.9	61.2	66.4
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	5,390	2,700	2,690	33.6	34.2	33.0
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	1,480	1,140	345	9.2	14.4	4.2
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	540	295	250	3.4	3.7	3.1
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	935	845	95	5.8	10.7	1.2
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	3,360	1,350	2,015	20.9	17.1	24.7
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	550	210	335	3.4	2.7	4.1
Bachelor's degree or higher	4,860	2,135	2,720	30.3	27.0	33.4
Bachelor's degree	3,100	1,410	1,690	19.3	17.9	20.7
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	325	125	200	2.0	1.6	2.5
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	165	100	65	1.0	1.3	0.8
Master's degree	1,120	425	690	7.0	5.4	8.5
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	145	70	75	0.9	0.9	0.9
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	10,410	5,095	5,310	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	505	315	190	4.9	6.2	3.6
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	2,510	1,365	1,145	24.1	26.8	21.6
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	7,395	3,415	3,975	71.0	67.0	74.9
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	3,690	1,865	1,825	35.4	36.6	34.4
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	980	740	240	9.4	14.5	4.5
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	375	195	185	3.6	3.8	3.5
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	600	545	60	5.8	10.7	1.1
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	2,365	955	1,410	22.7	18.7	26.6
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	340	170	175	3.3	3.3	3.3
Bachelor's degree or higher	3,705	1,550	2,150	35.6	30.4	40.5
Bachelor's degree	2,410	1,065	1,340	23.2	20.9	25.2
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	235	85	150	2.3	1.7	2.8
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	110	55	60	1.1	1.1	1.1
Master's degree	835	300	540	8.0	5.9	10.2
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	110	50	60	1.1	1.0	1.1
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	16,045	7,900	8,150	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	5,795	3,060	2,730	36.1	38.7	33.5
Education	775	215	560	4.8	2.7	6.9
13. Education	775	215	560	4.8	2.7	6.9
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	660	230	430	4.1	2.9	5.3
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	40	30	10	0.2	0.4	0.1
50. Visual and performing arts	615	195	425	3.8	2.5	5.2
Humanities	595	255	345	3.7	3.2	4.2
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	40	0	35	0.2	0.0	0.4
23. English language and literature/letters	210	90	120	1.3	1.1	1.5
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	155	30	120	1.0	0.4	1.5
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
38. Philosophy and religious studies	65	45	15	0.4	0.6	0.2
39. Theology and religious vocations	25	20	10	0.2	0.3	0.1
54. History	85	60	30	0.5	0.8	0.4
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,095	345	745	6.8	4.4	9.1
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	25	0	20	0.2	0.0	0.2
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	135	35	100	0.8	0.4	1.2
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	185	20	165	1.2	0.3	2.0
22. Legal professions and studies	130	45	80	0.8	0.6	1.0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	20	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.2
42. Psychology	210	70	145	1.3	0.9	1.8
45. Social sciences	390	160	225	2.4	2.0	2.8
Business, management and public administration	1,745	630	1,115	10.9	8.0	13.7
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	240	20	220	1.5	0.3	2.7
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	1,500	615	890	9.3	7.8	10.9
Physical and life sciences and technologies	440	245	190	2.7	3.1	2.3
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	220	115	110	1.4	1.5	1.3
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	80	50	30	0.5	0.6	0.4
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
40. Physical sciences	115	85	35	0.7	1.1	0.4
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	270	150	115	1.7	1.9	1.4
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	165	110	50	1.0	1.4	0.6
25. Library science	55	10	45	0.3	0.1	0.6
27. Mathematics and statistics	35	30	10	0.2	0.4	0.1
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	1,890	1,730	155	11.8	21.9	1.9
04. Architecture and related services	115	60	60	0.7	0.8	0.7
14. Engineering	320	275	45	2.0	3.5	0.6
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	335	310	20	2.1	3.9	0.2
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	555	545	10	3.5	6.9	0.1
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	365	355	10	2.3	4.5	0.1
48. Precision production	190	185	0	1.2	2.3	0.0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	655	380	265	4.1	4.8	3.3
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	200	115	90	1.2	1.5	1.1
03. Natural resources and conservation	455	270	180	2.8	3.4	2.2
Health and related fields	1,635	400	1,240	10.2	5.1	15.2
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	225	120	105	1.4	1.5	1.3
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	1,365	250	1,110	8.5	3.2	13.6
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	45	25	20	0.3	0.3	0.2
Personal, protective and transportation services	485	245	240	3.0	3.1	2.9
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	335	115	215	2.1	1.5	2.6
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
43. Security and protective services	55	45	10	0.3	0.6	0.1
49. Transportation and materials moving	90	75	15	0.6	0.9	0.2
Other¹⁷⁹	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	10,405	5,095	5,315	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	3,015	1,675	1,335	29.0	32.9	25.1
Education	475	140	340	4.6	2.7	6.4
13. Education	475	140	340	4.6	2.7	6.4
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	535	170	365	5.1	3.3	6.9
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	25	15	10	0.2	0.3	0.2
50. Visual and performing arts	505	145	355	4.9	2.8	6.7
Humanities	405	175	230	3.9	3.4	4.3
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	25	0	20	0.2	0.0	0.4
23. English language and literature/letters	160	60	100	1.5	1.2	1.9
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	100	20	85	1.0	0.4	1.6
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	50	35	10	0.5	0.7	0.2
39. Theology and religious vocations	15	15	0	0.1	0.3	0.0
54. History	45	35	10	0.4	0.7	0.2
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	865	255	605	8.3	5.0	11.4
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	20	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.3
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	105	35	75	1.0	0.7	1.4
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	150	10	140	1.4	0.2	2.6
22. Legal professions and studies	95	30	65	0.9	0.6	1.2
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	25	0	20	0.2	0.0	0.4
42. Psychology	120	35	90	1.2	0.7	1.7
45. Social sciences	335	135	200	3.2	2.6	3.8
Business, management and public administration	1,270	515	760	12.2	10.1	14.3
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	175	15	160	1.7	0.3	3.0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	1,100	495	605	10.6	9.7	11.4
Physical and life sciences and technologies	315	165	145	3.0	3.2	2.7
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	165	80	85	1.6	1.6	1.6
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	50	30	20	0.5	0.6	0.4
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
40. Physical sciences	80	55	30	0.8	1.1	0.6
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	200	125	70	1.9	2.5	1.3
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	145	100	40	1.4	2.0	0.8
25. Library science	20	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.3
27. Mathematics and statistics	25	20	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	1,305	1,165	140	12.5	22.9	2.6
04. Architecture and related services	100	50	55	1.0	1.0	1.0
14. Engineering	235	195	40	2.3	3.8	0.8
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	245	225	20	2.4	4.4	0.4
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	355	350	0	3.4	6.9	0.0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	230	220	10	2.2	4.3	0.2
48. Precision production	135	130	0	1.3	2.6	0.0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	515	265	240	4.9	5.2	4.5
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	150	70	80	1.4	1.4	1.5
03. Natural resources and conservation	365	200	165	3.5	3.9	3.1
Health and related fields	1,145	260	885	11.0	5.1	16.7
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	170	90	80	1.6	1.8	1.5
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	945	165	785	9.1	3.2	14.8
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	30	10	20	0.3	0.2	0.4
Personal, protective and transportation services	365	190	180	3.5	3.7	3.4
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	265	110	160	2.5	2.2	3.0
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	40	30	10	0.4	0.6	0.2
49. Transportation and materials moving	60	50	10	0.6	1.0	0.2
Other¹⁷⁹	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	10,405	5,095	5,315	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	3,015	1,675	1,335	29.0	32.9	25.1
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	7,395	3,420	3,975	71.1	67.1	74.8
Location of study inside Canada	6,190	2,840	3,345	59.5	55.7	62.9
Same as province or territory of residence	3,740	1,765	1,975	35.9	34.6	37.2
Different than province or territory of residence	2,450	1,080	1,375	23.5	21.2	25.9
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	1,205	575	630	11.6	11.3	11.9
Americas	475	235	240	4.6	4.6	4.5
United States of America	430	225	205	4.1	4.4	3.9
Mexico	20	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.3
Cuba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazil	15	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Americas	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.3
Europe	370	190	180	3.6	3.7	3.4
Belgium	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	30	0	25	0.3	0.0	0.5
Germany	30	20	10	0.3	0.4	0.2
Netherlands	35	15	25	0.3	0.3	0.5
Switzerland	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	185	105	80	1.8	2.1	1.5
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Europe	35	20	15	0.3	0.4	0.3
Africa	25	15	15	0.2	0.3	0.3
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	15	15	10	0.1	0.3	0.2
Other locations of study in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asia	245	95	150	2.4	1.9	2.8
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Taiwan	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	20	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.2
Korea, South⁹²	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Philippines	90	40	50	0.9	0.8	0.9
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	90	35	50	0.9	0.7	0.9
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania	95	50	40	0.9	1.0	0.8
Australia	65	40	20	0.6	0.8	0.4
New Zealand	30	10	20	0.3	0.2	0.4
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	16,045	7,895	8,145	...	...	...
In the labour force	10,325	5,300	5,020	...	...	...
Employed	9,395	4,780	4,615	...	...	...
Unemployed	925	520	410	...	...	...
Not in the labour force	5,720	2,595	3,130	...	...	...
Participation rate	64.4	67.1	61.6	64.4	67.1	61.6
Employment rate	58.6	60.5	56.7	58.6	60.5	56.7
Unemployment rate	9.0	9.8	8.2	9.0	9.8	8.2
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	16,045	7,900	8,150	100.0	100.0	100.0
Did not work¹⁸⁶	5,625	2,650	2,980	35.1	33.5	36.6
Worked	10,420	5,250	5,170	64.9	66.5	63.4
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	4,235	2,345	1,900	26.4	29.7	23.3
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	6,180	2,905	3,275	38.5	36.8	40.2
Average weeks worked in reference year	39.5	39.9	39.2	39.5	39.9	39.2
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	10,320	5,305	5,020	100.0	100.0	100.0
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	175	95	80	1.7	1.8	1.6
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	10,150	5,205	4,945	98.4	98.1	98.5
Employee	7,530	3,685	3,845	73.0	69.5	76.6
Permanent position	5,850	2,840	3,015	56.7	53.5	60.1
Temporary position	1,675	845	835	16.2	15.9	16.6
Fixed term (1 year or more)	390	155	235	3.8	2.9	4.7
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	1,285	690	595	12.5	13.0	11.9
Self-employed¹⁹²	2,620	1,520	1,100	25.4	28.7	21.9
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	10,320	5,305	5,020	100.0	100.0	100.0
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	175	95	80	1.7	1.8	1.6
All occupations¹⁹¹	10,150	5,205	4,945	98.4	98.1	98.5
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	100	65	35	1.0	1.2	0.7
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	1,345	340	1,005	13.0	6.4	20.0
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	900	640	260	8.7	12.1	5.2
3 Health occupations	785	225	560	7.6	4.2	11.2
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	1,295	360	935	12.5	6.8	18.6
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	575	240	335	5.6	4.5	6.7
6 Sales and service occupations	2,600	1,120	1,485	25.2	21.1	29.6
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	1,790	1,660	130	17.3	31.3	2.6
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	480	350	135	4.7	6.6	2.7
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	275	210	65	2.7	4.0	1.3
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	10,320	5,305	5,020	100.0	100.0	100.0
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	175	95	80	1.7	1.8	1.6
All industries¹⁹¹	10,150	5,205	4,945	98.4	98.1	98.5
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	380	250	125	3.7	4.7	2.5
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	95	90	0	0.9	1.7	0.0
22 Utilities	60	55	10	0.6	1.0	0.2
23 Construction	1,170	1,040	125	11.3	19.6	2.5
31-33 Manufacturing	380	255	125	3.7	4.8	2.5
41 Wholesale trade	120	80	35	1.2	1.5	0.7
44-45 Retail trade	1,330	580	750	12.9	10.9	14.9
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	265	200	65	2.6	3.8	1.3
51 Information and cultural industries	145	75	70	1.4	1.4	1.4
52 Finance and insurance	190	65	125	1.8	1.2	2.5
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	180	105	75	1.7	2.0	1.5
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	950	535	420	9.2	10.1	8.4
55 Management of companies and enterprises	20	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.2
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	425	250	175	4.1	4.7	3.5
61 Educational services	860	285	575	8.3	5.4	11.5
62 Health care and social assistance	1,360	325	1,030	13.2	6.1	20.5
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	365	185	180	3.5	3.5	3.6
72 Accommodation and food services	825	345	480	8.0	6.5	9.6
81 Other services (except public administration)	480	205	280	4.7	3.9	5.6
91 Public administration	555	280	280	5.4	5.3	5.6
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	11,205	5,695	5,505	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	10,995	5,605	5,390	98.1	98.4	97.9
French	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Non-official language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and French	120	45	75	1.1	0.8	1.4
English and non-official language(s)	60	30	30	0.5	0.5	0.5
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	11,205	5,695	5,505	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	11,185	5,690	5,495	99.8	99.9	99.8
Official languages	11,180	5,680	5,495	99.8	99.7	99.8
English	11,150	5,675	5,480	99.5	99.6	99.5
French	30	15	20	0.3	0.3	0.4
Non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	15	10	10	0.1	0.2	0.2
English and French	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	11,205	5,695	5,505	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	11,040	5,630	5,410	98.5	98.9	98.3
English	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
French	100	40	55	0.9	0.7	1.0
Non-official language	50	25	25	0.4	0.4	0.5
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	50	25	25	0.4	0.4	0.5
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	9,395	4,785	4,615	100.0	100.0	100.0
Worked at home	2,085	920	1,165	22.2	19.2	25.2
Worked outside Canada	40	25	10	0.4	0.5	0.2
No fixed workplace address	1,570	1,220	355	16.7	25.5	7.7
Usual place of work	5,705	2,620	3,085	60.7	54.8	66.8
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	5,705	2,620	3,085	100.0	100.0	100.0
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	3,320	1,445	1,870	58.2	55.2	60.6
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	2,030	935	1,095	35.6	35.7	35.5
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	215	165	50	3.8	6.3	1.6
Commute to a different province or territory	140	75	70	2.5	2.9	2.3
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	7,275	3,835	3,440	100.0	100.0	100.0
Car, truck or van	5,470	3,025	2,445	75.2	78.9	71.1
Car, truck or van - as a driver	5,015	2,845	2,170	68.9	74.2	63.1
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	455	180	270	6.3	4.7	7.8
Public transit	135	65	70	1.9	1.7	2.0
Walked	1,180	480	695	16.2	12.5	20.2
Bicycle	290	170	120	4.0	4.4	3.5
Other method	200	95	110	2.7	2.5	3.2
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	7,275	3,835	3,440	100.0	100.0	100.0
Less than 15 minutes	3,535	1,635	1,900	48.6	42.6	55.2
15 to 29 minutes	2,055	1,110	945	28.2	28.9	27.5
30 to 44 minutes	1,010	630	375	13.9	16.4	10.9
45 to 59 minutes	345	205	140	4.7	5.3	4.1
60 minutes and over	335	260	75	4.6	6.8	2.2
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	7,275	3,835	3,440	100.0	100.0	100.0
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	330	245	85	4.5	6.4	2.5
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	940	610	335	12.9	15.9	9.7
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	1,900	1,090	805	26.1	28.4	23.4
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	2,175	1,025	1,150	29.9	26.7	33.4
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	1,095	425	670	15.1	11.1	19.5
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	830	440	385	11.4	11.5	11.2
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	3,320	1,715	1,605	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	410	220	195	12.3	12.8	12.1
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	2,905	1,495	1,410	87.5	87.2	87.9
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	2,530	1,310	1,220	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	320	170	145	12.6	13.0	11.9
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	180	95	85	7.1	7.3	7.0
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	135	75	60	5.3	5.7	4.9
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	2,215	1,135	1,075	87.5	86.6	88.1

Symbol legend

...
not applicable

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 30, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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