Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	CranbrookMore information: British Columbia [Census agglomeration]
	Counts			Rates
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	27,040	...	...	...	...	...
Population, 2016¹	26,068^r	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	3.7	...	...	3.7	...	...
Total private dwellings²	11,976	...	...	...	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	11,379	...	...	...	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	5.9	...	...	5.9	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	4,563.87	...	...	...	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	27,040	13,370	13,670	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	4,015	2,045	1,975	14.8	15.3	14.4
0 to 4 years	1,125	580	545	4.2	4.3	4.0
5 to 9 years	1,340	690	650	5.0	5.2	4.8
10 to 14 years	1,550	775	775	5.7	5.8	5.7
15 to 64 years	16,635	8,315	8,325	61.5	62.2	60.9
15 to 19 years	1,430	720	710	5.3	5.4	5.2
20 to 24 years	1,435	765	680	5.3	5.7	5.0
25 to 29 years	1,510	785	725	5.6	5.9	5.3
30 to 34 years	1,590	815	780	5.9	6.1	5.7
35 to 39 years	1,615	825	795	6.0	6.2	5.8
40 to 44 years	1,570	775	795	5.8	5.8	5.8
45 to 49 years	1,540	740	800	5.7	5.5	5.9
50 to 54 years	1,730	825	910	6.4	6.2	6.7
55 to 59 years	2,065	1,035	1,030	7.6	7.7	7.5
60 to 64 years	2,150	1,040	1,105	8.0	7.8	8.1
65 years and over	6,390	3,010	3,375	23.6	22.5	24.7
65 to 69 years	2,075	1,010	1,065	7.7	7.6	7.8
70 to 74 years	1,650	800	845	6.1	6.0	6.2
75 to 79 years	1,175	550	625	4.3	4.1	4.6
80 to 84 years	775	360	410	2.9	2.7	3.0
85 years and over	715	290	430	2.6	2.2	3.1
85 to 89 years	455	175	280	1.7	1.3	2.0
90 to 94 years	210	90	130	0.8	0.7	1.0
95 to 99 years	45	25	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
100 years and over	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	14.8	15.3	14.4	14.8	15.3	14.4
15 to 64 years	61.5	62.2	60.9	61.5	62.2	60.9
65 years and over	23.6	22.5	24.7	23.6	22.5	24.7
85 years and over	2.6	2.2	3.1	2.6	2.2	3.1
Average age of the population	44.6	43.8	45.4	44.6	43.8	45.4
Median age of the population	46.0	44.8	47.6	46.0	44.8	47.6
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	11,380	...	...	100.0	...	...
Single-detached house	7,890	...	...	69.3	...	...
Semi-detached house	510	...	...	4.5	...	...
Row house	530	...	...	4.7	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	255	...	...	2.2	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	1,300	...	...	11.4	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Other single-attached house	50	...	...	0.4	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	850	...	...	7.5	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	11,380	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 person	3,120	...	...	27.4	...	...
2 persons	4,690	...	...	41.2	...	...
3 persons	1,550	...	...	13.6	...	...
4 persons	1,295	...	...	11.4	...	...
5 or more persons	720	...	...	6.3	...	...
Number of persons in private households	26,280	13,030	13,250	100.0	100.0	100.0
Average household size	2.3	...	...	2.3	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	23,020	11,325	11,700	100.0	100.0	100.0
Married or living common-law	13,875	6,920	6,955	60.3	61.1	59.4
Married	11,170	5,570	5,595	48.5	49.2	47.8
Living common-law	2,710	1,350	1,355	11.8	11.9	11.6
Living common law - Never married	1,750	895	855	7.6	7.9	7.3
Living common law - Separated	165	75	85	0.7	0.7	0.7
Living common law - Divorced	695	340	355	3.0	3.0	3.0
Living common law - Widowed	100	45	60	0.4	0.4	0.5
Not married and not living common-law	9,145	4,405	4,740	39.7	38.9	40.5
Not married and not living common law - Never married	5,515	3,110	2,410	24.0	27.5	20.6
Not married and not living common law - Separated	690	325	365	3.0	2.9	3.1
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	1,585	655	935	6.9	5.8	8.0
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	1,350	320	1,035	5.9	2.8	8.8
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	7,930	...	...	100.0	...	...
2 persons	4,785	...	...	60.3	...	...
3 persons	1,435	...	...	18.1	...	...
4 persons	1,215	...	...	15.3	...	...
5 or more persons	495	...	...	6.2	...	...
Average size of census families	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.7	...	...	1.7	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	7,930	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total couple families	6,785	...	...	85.6	...	...
Married couples	5,430	...	...	68.5	...	...
With children⁶	2,255	...	...	28.4	...	...
Without children	3,175	...	...	40.0	...	...
Common-law couples	1,355	...	...	17.1	...	...
With children⁶	465	...	...	5.9	...	...
Without children	885	...	...	11.2	...	...
Total one-parent families	1,150	...	...	14.5	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	845	...	...	10.7	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	310	...	...	3.9	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	26,280	13,030	13,250	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total - Persons in census families	21,405	10,675	10,735	81.4	81.9	81.0
Married spouses or common-law partners	13,565	6,775	6,785	51.6	52.0	51.2
Parents in one-parent families	1,150	305	840	4.4	2.3	6.3
Children⁶	6,690	3,585	3,105	25.5	27.5	23.4
In a two-parent family	4,965	2,690	2,280	18.9	20.6	17.2
In a one-parent family	1,730	900	825	6.6	6.9	6.2
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	4,875	2,360	2,515	18.6	18.1	19.0
Living alone	3,120	1,460	1,660	11.9	11.2	12.5
Living with other relatives⁷	495	215	280	1.9	1.7	2.1
Living with non-relatives only	1,260	680	575	4.8	5.2	4.3
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	11,380	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	7,100	...	...	62.4	...	...
Couple-family households	6,180	...	...	54.3	...	...
With children⁶	2,450	...	...	21.5	...	...
Without children	3,730	...	...	32.8	...	...
One-parent-family households	920	...	...	8.1	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	195	...	...	1.7	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	70	...	...	0.6	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	405	...	...	3.6	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	490	...	...	4.3	...	...
One-person households	3,120	...	...	27.4	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	22,275	10,990	11,285	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	21,685	10,730	10,955	97.4	97.6	97.1
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	42,000	52,000	35,200	42,000	52,000	35,200
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	21,700	10,735	10,970	97.4	97.7	97.2
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	38,000	46,400	32,400	38,000	46,400	32,400
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	19,590	9,940	9,655	87.9	90.4	85.6
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	34,800	46,400	26,600	34,800	46,400	26,600
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	15,230	7,955	7,275	68.4	72.4	64.5
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	37,600	49,600	29,600	37,600	49,600	29,600
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	17,900	8,300	9,595	80.4	75.5	85.0
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	11,500	11,000	11,800	11,500	11,000	11,800
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	2,040	1,045	1,000	9.2	9.5	8.9
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,480	5,480	5,520	5,480	5,480	5,520
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	4,855	2,180	2,680	21.8	19.8	23.7
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,000	7,500	8,000	8,000	7,500	8,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	22,285	10,995	11,295	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	21,730	10,745	10,985	97.5	97.7	97.3
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	53,250	63,800	42,920	53,250	63,800	42,920
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	21,735	10,750	10,990	97.5	97.8	97.3
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	45,480	53,300	37,840	45,480	53,300	37,840
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	19,820	10,050	9,765	88.9	91.4	86.5
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	47,680	58,600	36,440	47,680	58,600	36,440
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	15,235	7,900	7,330	68.4	71.9	64.9
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	48,720	58,850	37,760	48,720	58,850	37,760
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	17,900	8,375	9,520	80.3	76.2	84.3
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	11,840	11,470	12,170	11,840	11,470	12,170
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	1,990	1,000	995	8.9	9.1	8.8
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,570	6,380	6,740	6,570	6,380	6,740
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	4,780	2,190	2,590	21.4	19.9	22.9
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,180	7,670	8,620	8,180	7,670	8,620
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	22,290	10,990	11,295	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	6,625	3,780	2,850	29.7	34.4	25.2
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	62,400	75,500	53,200	62,400	75,500	53,200
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	71,800	80,300	60,550	71,800	80,300	60,550
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	6,485	3,045	3,440	29.1	27.7	30.5
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	21,200	28,200	18,200	21,200	28,200	18,200
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	34,440	45,000	25,100	34,440	45,000	25,100
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	81.6	86.0	75.4	81.6	86.0	75.4
Employment income (%)¹⁹	64.2	67.8	58.7	64.2	67.8	58.7
Government transfers (%)²⁰	18.3	14.0	24.6	18.3	14.0	24.6
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.1	0.9	1.4	1.1	0.9	1.4
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	4.4	3.2	6.3	4.4	3.2	6.3
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	3.4	2.5	4.7	3.4	2.5	4.7
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	22,275	10,990	11,285	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without total income	590	260	325	2.6	2.4	2.9
With total income	21,685	10,725	10,960	97.4	97.6	97.1
Under $10,000 (including loss)	1,645	630	1,015	7.6	5.9	9.3
$10,000 to $19,999	2,440	875	1,565	11.3	8.2	14.3
$20,000 to $29,999	3,335	1,340	2,000	15.4	12.5	18.2
$30,000 to $39,999	2,930	1,215	1,715	13.5	11.3	15.6
$40,000 to $49,999	2,450	1,080	1,365	11.3	10.1	12.5
$50,000 to $59,999	2,050	985	1,060	9.5	9.2	9.7
$60,000 to $69,999	1,530	845	680	7.1	7.9	6.2
$70,000 to $79,999	1,190	760	435	5.5	7.1	4.0
$80,000 to $89,999	895	555	340	4.1	5.2	3.1
$90,000 to $99,999	735	510	230	3.4	4.8	2.1
$100,000 and over	2,480	1,930	550	11.4	18.0	5.0
$100,000 to $149,999	1,800	1,390	415	8.3	13.0	3.8
$150,000 and over	685	545	135	3.2	5.1	1.2
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	22,275	10,990	11,285	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without after-tax income	570	255	320	2.6	2.3	2.8
With after-tax income	21,700	10,735	10,965	97.4	97.7	97.2
Under $10,000 (including loss)	1,740	670	1,075	8.0	6.2	9.8
$10,000 to $19,999	2,530	910	1,615	11.7	8.5	14.7
$20,000 to $29,999	3,820	1,540	2,275	17.6	14.3	20.7
$30,000 to $39,999	3,315	1,385	1,930	15.3	12.9	17.6
$40,000 to $49,999	2,745	1,275	1,465	12.6	11.9	13.4
$50,000 to $59,999	2,150	1,180	970	9.9	11.0	8.8
$60,000 to $69,999	1,530	960	570	7.1	8.9	5.2
$70,000 to $79,999	1,110	710	395	5.1	6.6	3.6
$80,000 to $89,999	965	700	270	4.4	6.5	2.5
$90,000 to $99,999	635	480	150	2.9	4.5	1.4
$100,000 and over	1,165	920	240	5.4	8.6	2.2
$100,000 to $124,999	625	500	125	2.9	4.7	1.1
$125,000 and over	540	425	120	2.5	4.0	1.1
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	22,275	10,990	11,285	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without employment income	7,045	3,040	4,010	31.6	27.7	35.5
With employment income	15,225	7,950	7,280	68.4	72.3	64.5
Under $5,000 (including loss)	2,175	1,060	1,110	14.3	13.3	15.2
$5,000 to $9,999	1,090	435	655	7.2	5.5	9.0
$10,000 to $19,999	1,740	730	1,010	11.4	9.2	13.9
$20,000 to $29,999	1,495	615	880	9.8	7.7	12.1
$30,000 to $39,999	1,390	570	825	9.1	7.2	11.3
$40,000 to $49,999	1,330	595	735	8.7	7.5	10.1
$50,000 to $59,999	1,235	570	660	8.1	7.2	9.1
$60,000 to $69,999	885	515	375	5.8	6.5	5.2
$70,000 to $79,999	775	505	275	5.1	6.4	3.8
$80,000 to $89,999	645	420	220	4.2	5.3	3.0
$90,000 to $99,999	580	400	180	3.8	5.0	2.5
$100,000 and over	1,880	1,535	345	12.3	19.3	4.7
$100,000 to $124,999	1,055	830	225	6.9	10.4	3.1
$125,000 and over	825	705	125	5.4	8.9	1.7
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	22,275	10,990	11,285	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	21,240	10,495	10,740	95.4	95.5	95.2
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	39,600	52,000	32,000	39,600	52,000	32,000
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	21,295	10,505	10,790	95.6	95.6	95.6
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	35,600	45,600	29,200	35,600	45,600	29,200
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	19,475	9,845	9,630	87.4	89.6	85.3
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	35,600	48,000	27,000	35,600	48,000	27,000
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	16,030	8,305	7,725	72.0	75.6	68.5
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	35,200	47,600	27,600	35,200	47,600	27,600
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	14,775	6,425	8,350	66.3	58.5	74.0
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	9,200	10,100	8,800	9,200	10,100	8,800
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	1,700	840	865	7.6	7.6	7.7
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	5,040	5,360	4,720	5,040	5,360	4,720
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	22,285	10,995	11,295	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	21,335	10,540	10,795	95.7	95.9	95.6
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	52,200	64,200	40,520	52,200	64,200	40,520
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	21,365	10,540	10,825	95.9	95.9	95.8
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	43,840	52,800	35,080	43,840	52,800	35,080
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	19,770	9,990	9,785	88.7	90.9	86.6
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	48,840	60,950	36,400	48,840	60,950	36,400
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	16,155	8,320	7,840	72.5	75.7	69.4
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	47,200	58,750	34,920	47,200	58,750	34,920
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	15,015	6,560	8,450	67.4	59.7	74.8
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	9,890	10,240	9,610	9,890	10,240	9,610
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	1,685	840	845	7.6	7.6	7.5
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,610	6,250	6,980	6,610	6,250	6,980
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	22,290	10,990	11,295	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	6,620	3,790	2,835	29.7	34.5	25.1
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	60,000	72,500	49,200	60,000	72,500	49,200
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	69,100	79,300	55,400	69,100	79,300	55,400
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	6,235	2,940	3,290	28.0	26.8	29.1
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	26,000	33,600	21,800	26,000	33,600	21,800
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	38,640	51,300	27,280	38,640	51,300	27,280
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	86.6	90.0	81.4	86.6	90.0	81.4
Employment income (%)	68.4	72.2	62.5	68.4	72.2	62.5
Government transfers (%)	13.3	9.9	18.6	13.3	9.9	18.6
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.0	0.8	1.3	1.0	0.8	1.3
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	11,380	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	84,000	...	...	84,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	75,500	...	...	75,500	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	3,120	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	40,400	...	...	40,400	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	36,800	...	...	36,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	8,255	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	105,000	...	...	105,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	93,000	...	...	93,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	11,385	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	101,600	...	...	101,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	86,800	...	...	86,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	3,110	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	51,250	...	...	51,250	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	44,080	...	...	44,080	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	8,270	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	120,600	...	...	120,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	102,900	...	...	102,900	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	11,380	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	60	...	...	0.5	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	35	...	...	0.3	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	90	...	...	0.8	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	205	...	...	1.8	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	470	...	...	4.1	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	365	...	...	3.2	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	355	...	...	3.1	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	435	...	...	3.8	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	440	...	...	3.9	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	495	...	...	4.3	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	855	...	...	7.5	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	815	...	...	7.2	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	745	...	...	6.5	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	715	...	...	6.3	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	655	...	...	5.8	...	...
$100,000 and over	4,630	...	...	40.7	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,380	...	...	12.1	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,065	...	...	9.4	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	1,230	...	...	10.8	...	...
$200,000 and over	950	...	...	8.3	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	11,380	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	75	...	...	0.7	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	40	...	...	0.4	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	90	...	...	0.8	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	210	...	...	1.8	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	490	...	...	4.3	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	430	...	...	3.8	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	435	...	...	3.8	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	495	...	...	4.3	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	520	...	...	4.6	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	550	...	...	4.8	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	995	...	...	8.7	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	855	...	...	7.5	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	895	...	...	7.9	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	810	...	...	7.1	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	745	...	...	6.5	...	...
$100,000 and over	3,745	...	...	32.9	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,515	...	...	13.3	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	915	...	...	8.0	...	...
$150,000 and over	1,315	...	...	11.6	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	7,885	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	105,000	...	...	105,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	92,000	...	...	92,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.8	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	3,850	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	92,000	...	...	92,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	82,000	...	...	82,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	2,745	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	141,000	...	...	141,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	121,000	...	...	121,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	3.9	...	...	3.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	1,090	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	67,500	...	...	67,500	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	63,200	...	...	63,200	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	4,380	2,140	2,235	...	...	...
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	37,600	42,000	34,800	37,600	42,000	34,800
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	34,800	38,000	32,400	34,800	38,000	32,400
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	7,895	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	119,800	...	...	119,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	102,000	...	...	102,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	3,825	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	107,000	...	...	107,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	91,100	...	...	91,100	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	2,760	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	157,000	...	...	157,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	131,800	...	...	131,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,065	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	73,600	...	...	73,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	66,200	...	...	66,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	4,405	2,195	2,215	...	...	...
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	48,000	55,150	40,880	48,000	55,150	40,880
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	41,640	46,600	36,720	41,640	46,600	36,720
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	26,280	13,030	13,250	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	4,875	2,485	2,395	18.6	19.1	18.1
0 to 5 years	1,385	710	675	5.3	5.4	5.1
18 to 64 years	15,430	7,670	7,760	58.7	58.9	58.6
65 years and over	5,970	2,880	3,100	22.7	22.1	23.4
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	2,225	960	1,265	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	425	195	220	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	130	60	70	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	1,070	495	580	...	...	...
65 years and over	725	270	460	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	8.5	7.4	9.5	8.5	7.4	9.5
0 to 17 years (%)	8.6	8.0	9.3	8.6	8.0	9.3
0 to 5 years (%)	9.2	8.4	10.4	9.2	8.4	10.4
18 to 64 years (%)	7.0	6.4	7.4	7.0	6.4	7.4
65 years and over (%)	12.2	9.4	14.9	12.2	9.4	14.9
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	26,275	13,025	13,250	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	4,870	2,480	2,390	18.5	19.0	18.0
0 to 5 years	1,385	710	675	5.3	5.5	5.1
18 to 64 years	15,425	7,670	7,755	58.7	58.9	58.5
65 years and over	5,975	2,875	3,095	22.7	22.1	23.4
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	575	285	285	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	115	50	65	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	30	15	15	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	390	205	185	...	...	...
65 years and over	65	30	30	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	2.2	2.2	2.2	2.2	2.2	2.2
0 to 17 years (%)	2.4	2.1	2.8	2.4	2.1	2.8
0 to 5 years (%)	2.2	2.0	2.4	2.2	2.0	2.4
18 to 64 years (%)	2.5	2.7	2.4	2.5	2.7	2.4
65 years and over (%)	1.1	1.1	1.1	1.1	1.1	1.1
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	26,280	13,030	13,250	100.0	100.0	100.0
In bottom half of the distribution	12,280	5,785	6,500	46.7	44.4	49.1
In bottom decile	2,145	930	1,210	8.2	7.1	9.1
In second decile	2,330	1,085	1,250	8.9	8.3	9.4
In third decile	2,705	1,285	1,425	10.3	9.9	10.8
In fourth decile	2,525	1,195	1,330	9.6	9.2	10.0
In fifth decile	2,575	1,285	1,285	9.8	9.9	9.7
In top half of the distribution	14,000	7,250	6,755	53.3	55.6	51.0
In sixth decile	2,810	1,415	1,395	10.7	10.9	10.5
In seventh decile	2,765	1,425	1,340	10.5	10.9	10.1
In eighth decile	2,795	1,455	1,335	10.6	11.2	10.1
In ninth decile	3,210	1,675	1,540	12.2	12.9	11.6
In top decile	2,420	1,280	1,140	9.2	9.8	8.6
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	26,280	...	...	26,280	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.300	...	...	0.300	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.408	...	...	0.408	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.266	...	...	0.266	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.4	...	...	3.4	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	26,510	13,160	13,355	100.0	100.0	100.0
English only	25,250	12,600	12,650	95.2	95.7	94.7
French only	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and French	1,210	535	675	4.6	4.1	5.1
Neither English nor French	50	20	30	0.2	0.2	0.2
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	26,510	13,160	13,355	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	26,220	13,020	13,200	98.9	98.9	98.8
French	235	120	115	0.9	0.9	0.9
English and French	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Neither English nor French	35	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	26,510	13,160	13,355	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	26,200	13,000	13,200	98.8	98.8	98.8
Official languages	24,645	12,275	12,370	93.0	93.3	92.6
English	24,385	12,150	12,235	92.0	92.3	91.6
French	265	130	135	1.0	1.0	1.0
Non-official languages	1,555	725	830	5.9	5.5	6.2
Indigenous languages³⁹	15	5	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Algonquian languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	1,540	720	815	5.8	5.5	6.1
Afro-Asiatic languages	15	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	15	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Amharic	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	110	30	80	0.4	0.2	0.6
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	95	25	70	0.4	0.2	0.5
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	20	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	20	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	1,130	545	580	4.3	4.1	4.3
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	160	70	90	0.6	0.5	0.7
Baltic languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	155	70	85	0.6	0.5	0.6
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	15	5	5	0.1	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Russian	40	10	30	0.2	0.1	0.2
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Ukrainian	35	20	15	0.1	0.2	0.1
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	465	215	250	1.8	1.6	1.9
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	315	140	180	1.2	1.1	1.3
German	295	130	165	1.1	1.0	1.2
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	125	65	65	0.5	0.5	0.5
Afrikaans	45	20	30	0.2	0.2	0.2
Dutch	70	40	30	0.3	0.3	0.2
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	25	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Danish	15	5	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	240	135	100	0.9	1.0	0.7
Indo-Aryan languages	235	130	100	0.9	1.0	0.7
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Hindi	40	25	15	0.2	0.2	0.1
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	165	90	75	0.6	0.7	0.6
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	255	120	135	1.0	0.9	1.0
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	145	65	75	0.5	0.5	0.6
Portuguese	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Romanian	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	80	35	45	0.3	0.3	0.3
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	25	5	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Korean	50	30	20	0.2	0.2	0.1
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	15	5	5	0.1	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	110	55	60	0.4	0.4	0.4
Chinese languages	100	45	50	0.4	0.3	0.4
Hakka	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	55	20	30	0.2	0.2	0.2
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	40	20	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	10	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Burmese	10	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	10	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Lao	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	40	15	25	0.2	0.1	0.2
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	310	155	160	1.2	1.2	1.2
English and French	70	35	35	0.3	0.3	0.3
English and non-official language(s)	220	110	110	0.8	0.8	0.8
French and non-official language(s)	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	25	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	26,510	13,160	13,355	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	25,125	12,505	12,620	94.8	95.0	94.5
French	40	20	20	0.2	0.2	0.1
Non-official language	220	110	115	0.8	0.8	0.9
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	220	110	115	0.8	0.8	0.9
English and French	115	55	65	0.4	0.4	0.5
English and non-official language(s)	955	445	510	3.6	3.4	3.8
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Multiple non-official languages	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	26,510	13,160	13,355	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	26,310	13,060	13,250	99.2	99.2	99.2
Official languages	25,805	12,815	12,995	97.3	97.4	97.3
English	25,755	12,785	12,965	97.2	97.2	97.1
French	50	25	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
Non-official languages	500	245	255	1.9	1.9	1.9
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	495	245	250	1.9	1.9	1.9
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	40	15	25	0.2	0.1	0.2
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	330	165	170	1.2	1.3	1.3
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	25	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	25	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	70	30	40	0.3	0.2	0.3
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	50	20	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
German	40	20	20	0.2	0.2	0.1
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	20	5	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Afrikaans	20	5	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	165	85	75	0.6	0.6	0.6
Indo-Aryan languages	160	80	75	0.6	0.6	0.6
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	15	5	5	0.1	0.0	0.0
Hindi	25	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	120	60	55	0.5	0.5	0.4
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	70	35	35	0.3	0.3	0.3
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	30	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Portuguese	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	35	25	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	55	25	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
Chinese languages	40	20	20	0.2	0.2	0.1
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	205	95	105	0.8	0.7	0.8
English and French	10	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
English and non-official language(s)	180	90	90	0.7	0.7	0.7
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	26,515	13,155	13,355	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	25,545	12,715	12,830	96.3	96.7	96.1
English	200	95	105	0.8	0.7	0.8
French	95	45	50	0.4	0.3	0.4
Non-official language	540	245	295	2.0	1.9	2.2
Indigenous³⁹	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Non-Indigenous	520	230	285	2.0	1.7	2.1
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	65	35	30	0.2	0.3	0.2
French and non-official language(s)	20	5	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	50	20	30	0.2	0.2	0.2
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	26,295	13,035	13,260	100.0	100.0	100.0
Official languages	26,240	13,015	13,225	99.8	99.8	99.7
English	26,235	13,010	13,220	99.8	99.8	99.7
French	1,220	560	660	4.6	4.3	5.0
Non-official languages	2,390	1,100	1,285	9.1	8.4	9.7
Indigenous languages³⁹	50	20	30	0.2	0.2	0.2
Algonquian languages	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	25	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.2
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	2,340	1,085	1,255	8.9	8.3	9.5
Afro-Asiatic languages	30	20	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	30	20	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	15	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	40	15	20	0.2	0.1	0.2
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	35	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.2
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	225	105	120	0.9	0.8	0.9
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	210	100	115	0.8	0.8	0.9
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Creole languages	45	15	25	0.2	0.1	0.2
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	40	10	25	0.2	0.1	0.2
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	25	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.2
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	50	35	20	0.2	0.3	0.2
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	35	30	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	1,605	725	875	6.1	5.6	6.6
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	225	105	125	0.9	0.8	0.9
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	220	105	120	0.8	0.8	0.9
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	20	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	50	30	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Russian	95	35	60	0.4	0.3	0.5
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	45	25	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
Bosnian	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Serbian	20	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	55	25	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	25	0	25	0.1	0.0	0.2
Irish	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	650	295	355	2.5	2.3	2.7
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	440	180	260	1.7	1.4	2.0
German	415	170	240	1.6	1.3	1.8
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	35	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.2
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	165	85	80	0.6	0.7	0.6
Afrikaans	125	50	75	0.5	0.4	0.6
Dutch	50	40	10	0.2	0.3	0.1
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	65	40	25	0.2	0.3	0.2
Danish	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	30	25	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Swedish	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	20	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	270	140	130	1.0	1.1	1.0
Indo-Aryan languages	265	140	130	1.0	1.1	1.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Hindi	170	90	80	0.6	0.7	0.6
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	230	115	110	0.9	0.9	0.8
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	490	205	285	1.9	1.6	2.1
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	170	75	100	0.6	0.6	0.8
Portuguese	35	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	305	120	185	1.2	0.9	1.4
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	55	35	20	0.2	0.3	0.2
Korean	35	20	15	0.1	0.2	0.1
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	20	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
American Sign Language	20	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	215	80	130	0.8	0.6	1.0
Chinese languages	190	80	110	0.7	0.6	0.8
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	130	55	70	0.5	0.4	0.5
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	35	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.2
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	60	25	40	0.2	0.2	0.3
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	30	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.2
Burmese	30	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.2
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	55	25	30	0.2	0.2	0.2
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	45	25	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	26,295	13,035	13,265	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	2,535	1,225	1,310	9.6	9.4	9.9
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	2,445	1,185	1,265	9.3	9.1	9.5
First Nations (North American Indian)	950	430	515	3.6	3.3	3.9
Métis	1,475	745	735	5.6	5.7	5.5
Inuk (Inuit)	20	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	40	20	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	45	25	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
Non-Indigenous identity	23,760	11,810	11,955	90.4	90.6	90.1
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	26,295	13,035	13,265	100.0	100.0	100.0
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	600	265	335	2.3	2.0	2.5
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	25,695	12,770	12,925	97.7	98.0	97.4
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	11,385	...	...	100.0	...	...
Owner	8,840	...	...	77.6	...	...
Renter	2,550	...	...	22.4	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	11,385	...	...	100.0	...	...
Condominium	860	...	...	7.6	...	...
Not condominium	10,525	...	...	92.4	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	11,385	...	...	100.0	...	...
No bedrooms	45	...	...	0.4	...	...
1 bedroom	870	...	...	7.6	...	...
2 bedrooms	2,690	...	...	23.6	...	...
3 bedrooms	3,735	...	...	32.8	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	4,050	...	...	35.6	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	11,385	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	2,435	...	...	21.4	...	...
5 rooms	1,725	...	...	15.2	...	...
6 rooms	1,605	...	...	14.1	...	...
7 rooms	1,590	...	...	14.0	...	...
8 or more rooms	4,040	...	...	35.5	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.8	...	...	6.8	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	11,385	...	...	100.0	...	...
One person or fewer per room	11,320	...	...	99.4	...	...
More than one person per room	65	...	...	0.6	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	11,385	...	...	100.0	...	...
Suitable	11,105	...	...	97.5	...	...
Not suitable	280	...	...	2.5	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	11,385	...	...	100.0	...	...
1960 or before	1,685	...	...	14.8	...	...
1961 to 1980	4,510	...	...	39.6	...	...
1981 to 1990	1,315	...	...	11.6	...	...
1991 to 2000	1,790	...	...	15.7	...	...
2001 to 2005	405	...	...	3.6	...	...
2006 to 2010	715	...	...	6.3	...	...
2011 to 2015	515	...	...	4.5	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	460	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	11,385	...	...	100.0	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	10,660	...	...	93.6	...	...
Major repairs needed	725	...	...	6.4	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	11,385	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-maintainer household	5,760	...	...	50.6	...	...
Two-maintainer household	5,200	...	...	45.7	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	425	...	...	3.7	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	11,385	...	...	100.0	...	...
15 to 24 years	310	...	...	2.7	...	...
25 to 34 years	1,345	...	...	11.8	...	...
35 to 44 years	1,705	...	...	15.0	...	...
45 to 54 years	1,765	...	...	15.5	...	...
55 to 64 years	2,400	...	...	21.1	...	...
65 to 74 years	2,260	...	...	19.9	...	...
75 to 84 years	1,210	...	...	10.6	...	...
85 years and over	390	...	...	3.4	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	11,320	...	...	100.0	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	9,705	...	...	85.7	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	1,615	...	...	14.3	...	...
30% to less than 100%	1,480	...	...	13.1	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	11,385	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	2,425	...	...	21.3	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	1,465	...	...	12.9	...	...
Not suitable only	225	...	...	2.0	...	...
Major repairs needed only	535	...	...	4.7	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	135	...	...	1.2	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	45	...	...	0.4	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Acceptable housing	8,965	...	...	78.7	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	11,190	...	...	100.0	...	...
In core need	775	...	...	6.9	...	...
Not in core need	10,420	...	...	93.1	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	8,800	...	...	...	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	54.7	...	...	54.7	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	9.3	...	...	9.3	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	3.1	...	...	3.1	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	910	...	...	910	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,171	...	...	1,171	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	400,000	...	...	400,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	443,200	...	...	443,200	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	2,535	...	...	...	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	13.8	...	...	13.8	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	31.6	...	...	31.6	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	20.0	...	...	20.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	970	...	...	970	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,069	...	...	1,069	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	...	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	26,295	13,030	13,265	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	730	365	360	2.8	2.8	2.7
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	710	360	350	2.7	2.8	2.6
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	405	175	230	1.5	1.3	1.7
Métis single ancestry	305	180	120	1.2	1.4	0.9
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	1,960	935	1,025	7.5	7.2	7.7
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	1,905	910	995	7.2	7.0	7.5
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	1,075	525	545	4.1	4.0	4.1
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	810	380	435	3.1	2.9	3.3
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	25	0	25	0.1	0.0	0.2
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	55	30	30	0.2	0.2	0.2
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	55	30	30	0.2	0.2	0.2
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	23,610	11,730	11,880	89.8	90.0	89.6
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	26,295	13,035	13,260	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	25,205	12,520	12,680	95.9	96.0	95.6
Canadian citizens aged under 18	4,695	2,380	2,310	17.9	18.3	17.4
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	20,510	10,140	10,375	78.0	77.8	78.2
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	1,095	515	580	4.2	4.0	4.4
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	26,295	13,035	13,260	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	23,590	11,730	11,855	89.7	90.0	89.4
Immigrants⁸¹	2,320	1,110	1,210	8.8	8.5	9.1
Before 1980	970	485	485	3.7	3.7	3.7
1980 to 1990	215	95	120	0.8	0.7	0.9
1991 to 2000	225	75	150	0.9	0.6	1.1
2001 to 2010	340	180	165	1.3	1.4	1.2
2011 to 2021⁸²	565	275	290	2.1	2.1	2.2
2011 to 2015	235	90	140	0.9	0.7	1.1
2016 to 2021	330	185	150	1.3	1.4	1.1
Non-permanent residents⁸³	390	190	195	1.5	1.5	1.5
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	2,325	1,110	1,210	100.0	100.0	100.0
Under 5 years	300	170	125	12.9	15.3	10.3
5 to 14 years	380	170	210	16.3	15.3	17.4
15 to 24 years	510	250	265	21.9	22.5	21.9
25 to 44 years	965	430	540	41.5	38.7	44.6
45 years and over	165	95	75	7.1	8.6	6.2
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	2,325	1,110	1,210	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	510	210	305	21.9	18.9	25.2
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
El Salvador	15	0	0	0.6	0.0	0.0
Guyana	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	105	45	60	4.5	4.1	5.0
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	355	140	215	15.3	12.6	17.8
Other places of birth in Americas	15	10	0	0.6	0.9	0.0
Europe	1,150	580	570	49.5	52.3	47.1
Bosnia and Herzegovina	15	0	15	0.6	0.0	1.2
Croatia	20	10	10	0.9	0.9	0.8
France	15	0	10	0.6	0.0	0.8
Germany	235	95	140	10.1	8.6	11.6
Greece	15	10	0	0.6	0.9	0.0
Hungary	15	10	0	0.6	0.9	0.0
Italy	75	45	30	3.2	4.1	2.5
Netherlands	50	40	15	2.2	3.6	1.2
Poland	25	10	20	1.1	0.9	1.7
Portugal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romania	15	0	0	0.6	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	20	10	10	0.9	0.9	0.8
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	55	30	25	2.4	2.7	2.1
United Kingdom⁸⁷	420	225	195	18.1	20.3	16.1
Other places of birth in Europe	165	85	80	7.1	7.7	6.6
Africa	170	90	80	7.3	8.1	6.6
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	10	0	0	0.4	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	30	25	0	1.3	2.3	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	95	35	60	4.1	3.2	5.0
Other places of birth in Africa	30	15	20	1.3	1.4	1.7
Asia	445	210	240	19.1	18.9	19.8
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	50	25	25	2.2	2.3	2.1
Hong Kong⁹¹	15	10	0	0.6	0.9	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	30	15	15	1.3	1.4	1.2
Taiwan	35	15	20	1.5	1.4	1.7
Philippines	175	70	100	7.5	6.3	8.3
Viet Nam	20	0	15	0.9	0.0	1.2
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	45	20	25	1.9	1.8	2.1
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	55	25	30	2.4	2.3	2.5
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	40	25	15	1.7	2.3	1.2
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	335	185	145	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	140	70	65	41.8	37.8	44.8
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	100	45	55	29.9	24.3	37.9
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	30	25	10	9.0	13.5	6.9
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Americas	10	0	0	3.0	0.0	0.0
Europe	45	25	25	13.4	13.5	17.2
France	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	15	15	0	4.5	8.1	0.0
Other places of birth in Europe	35	15	15	10.4	8.1	10.3
Africa	25	15	10	7.5	8.1	6.9
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asia	110	60	50	32.8	32.4	34.5
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	20	10	15	6.0	5.4	10.3
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	90	50	40	26.9	27.0	27.6
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania and other⁹³	10	10	0	3.0	5.4	0.0
Australia	10	10	0	3.0	5.4	0.0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	26,295	13,035	13,265	100.0	100.0	100.0
First generation¹⁰⁰	2,845	1,385	1,465	10.8	10.6	11.0
Second generation¹⁰¹	3,975	1,905	2,070	15.1	14.6	15.6
Third generation or more¹⁰²	19,470	9,740	9,730	74.0	74.7	73.4
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	1,350	625	725	100.0	100.0	100.0
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	815	420	395	60.4	67.2	54.5
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	370	235	130	27.4	37.6	17.9
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	450	185	260	33.3	29.6	35.9
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	460	160	300	34.1	25.6	41.4
Refugees¹⁰⁸	65	35	30	4.8	5.6	4.1
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	10	10	0	0.7	1.6	0.0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	1,350	625	725	100.0	100.0	100.0
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	335	145	190	24.8	23.2	26.2
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	70	10	55	5.2	1.6	7.6
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	90	50	40	6.7	8.0	5.5
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	20	0	20	1.5	0.0	2.8
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	840	415	425	62.2	66.4	58.6
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	26,295	13,035	13,265	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	1,460	720	740	5.6	5.5	5.6
South Asian	365	185	180	1.4	1.4	1.4
Chinese	275	115	165	1.0	0.9	1.2
Black	225	125	110	0.9	1.0	0.8
Filipino	270	120	150	1.0	0.9	1.1
Arab	15	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Latin American	70	25	45	0.3	0.2	0.3
Southeast Asian	115	55	60	0.4	0.4	0.5
West Asian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	30	20	15	0.1	0.2	0.1
Japanese	60	50	10	0.2	0.4	0.1
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple visible minorities	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	24,840	12,315	12,525	94.5	94.5	94.4
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	26,295	13,035	13,260	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian	3,795	1,915	1,880	14.4	14.7	14.2
English	8,550	4,225	4,325	32.5	32.4	32.6
Irish	4,940	2,270	2,670	18.8	17.4	20.1
Scottish	6,015	2,990	3,025	22.9	22.9	22.8
French, n.o.s.¹²²	2,710	1,385	1,325	10.3	10.6	10.0
German	4,835	2,330	2,505	18.4	17.9	18.9
Chinese	245	115	135	0.9	0.9	1.0
Italian	1,660	865	800	6.3	6.6	6.0
Indian (India)	235	120	120	0.9	0.9	0.9
Ukrainian	1,585	815	770	6.0	6.3	5.8
Dutch	1,120	585	535	4.3	4.5	4.0
Polish	840	375	460	3.2	2.9	3.5
Québécois	25	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.2
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	1,060	605	460	4.0	4.6	3.5
Filipino	205	75	130	0.8	0.6	1.0
French Canadian	265	120	150	1.0	0.9	1.1
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	510	255	260	1.9	2.0	2.0
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	695	315	385	2.6	2.4	2.9
Métis	1,185	595	585	4.5	4.6	4.4
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	585	325	260	2.2	2.5	2.0
Russian	905	415	490	3.4	3.2	3.7
Norwegian	1,420	645	780	5.4	4.9	5.9
Welsh	705	325	380	2.7	2.5	2.9
Portuguese	60	30	35	0.2	0.2	0.3
American	490	220	270	1.9	1.7	2.0
Spanish	210	70	140	0.8	0.5	1.1
Swedish	1,055	510	550	4.0	3.9	4.1
Hungarian	435	190	250	1.7	1.5	1.9
Acadian	25	25	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Pakistani	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	70	30	40	0.3	0.2	0.3
Jewish	65	35	30	0.2	0.3	0.2
Punjabi	60	40	20	0.2	0.3	0.2
Vietnamese	35	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Greek	65	50	15	0.2	0.4	0.1
Jamaican	45	20	30	0.2	0.2	0.2
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	95	50	45	0.4	0.4	0.3
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	205	100	105	0.8	0.8	0.8
Korean	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Romanian	185	85	95	0.7	0.7	0.7
Lebanese	20	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Iranian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Danish	420	180	240	1.6	1.4	1.8
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	185	110	75	0.7	0.8	0.6
Sikh	40	10	25	0.2	0.1	0.2
Austrian	360	135	225	1.4	1.0	1.7
Belgian	115	50	65	0.4	0.4	0.5
Haitian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindu	35	10	30	0.1	0.1	0.2
Mexican	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mennonite	100	35	65	0.4	0.3	0.5
Swiss	200	75	125	0.8	0.6	0.9
Finnish	210	70	135	0.8	0.5	1.0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	105	65	40	0.4	0.5	0.3
Japanese	70	55	25	0.3	0.4	0.2
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	40	25	15	0.2	0.2	0.1
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	280	115	165	1.1	0.9	1.2
Muslim	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egyptian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	115	75	45	0.4	0.6	0.3
Colombian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moroccan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	215	95	120	0.8	0.7	0.9
Syrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afghan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Serbian	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Ojibway	50	20	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
Newfoundlander	65	35	25	0.2	0.3	0.2
Hong Konger	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ontarian	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigerian	35	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.2
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	55	35	20	0.2	0.3	0.2
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	80	40	40	0.3	0.3	0.3
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwanese	70	30	45	0.3	0.2	0.3
Iraqi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquin	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	30	20	15	0.1	0.2	0.1
South African	145	70	70	0.6	0.5	0.5
Australian	65	40	25	0.2	0.3	0.2
Palestinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chilean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congolese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	25	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Peruvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovenian	35	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	20	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
New Brunswicker	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Canadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israeli	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Mohawk	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	120	45	80	0.5	0.3	0.6
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albertan	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African American	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Tunisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	50	20	30	0.2	0.2	0.2
Cuban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	20	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	20	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guatemalan	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Indonesian	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Laotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Irish	50	15	35	0.2	0.1	0.3
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	20	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
British Columbian	230	90	140	0.9	0.7	1.1
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jatt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	15	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Dominican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Byelorussian	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	25	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.2
Abenaki	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	25	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
New Zealander	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Sudanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Breton	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania Dutch	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plains Cree	30	0	25	0.1	0.0	0.2
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saskatchewanian	35	20	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Buddhist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gaspesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norman	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteaux	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Manitoban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Honduran	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cherokee	50	30	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Flemish	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Goan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	30	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.2
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamileke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Libyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Basque	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igorot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guinean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maliseet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Beninese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Roma	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tajik	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amhara	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	26,300	13,035	13,265	100.0	100.0	100.0
Buddhist	135	55	85	0.5	0.4	0.6
Christian	10,555	4,800	5,755	40.1	36.8	43.4
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	2,655	1,255	1,395	10.1	9.6	10.5
Anabaptist	75	40	35	0.3	0.3	0.3
Anglican	755	330	425	2.9	2.5	3.2
Baptist	455	200	255	1.7	1.5	1.9
Catholic	3,110	1,415	1,695	11.8	10.9	12.8
Christian Orthodox	115	60	60	0.4	0.5	0.5
Jehovah's Witness	260	95	165	1.0	0.7	1.2
Latter Day Saints	335	160	175	1.3	1.2	1.3
Lutheran	455	185	270	1.7	1.4	2.0
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	50	20	30	0.2	0.2	0.2
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	240	105	135	0.9	0.8	1.0
Presbyterian	250	100	150	1.0	0.8	1.1
Reformed	30	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.2
United Church	1,115	535	580	4.2	4.1	4.4
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	665	305	365	2.5	2.3	2.8
Hindu	120	50	75	0.5	0.4	0.6
Jewish	40	20	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
Muslim	45	30	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Sikh	155	85	70	0.6	0.7	0.5
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	25	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.2
Other religions and spiritual traditions	205	75	125	0.8	0.6	0.9
No religion and secular perspectives	15,020	7,920	7,100	57.1	60.8	53.5
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	26,120	12,940	13,180	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	22,810	11,400	11,410	87.3	88.1	86.6
Movers	3,310	1,535	1,775	12.7	11.9	13.5
Non-migrants	1,875	860	1,015	7.2	6.6	7.7
Migrants	1,430	675	760	5.5	5.2	5.8
Internal migrants	1,370	655	715	5.2	5.1	5.4
Intraprovincial migrants	850	390	465	3.3	3.0	3.5
Interprovincial migrants	520	265	250	2.0	2.0	1.9
External migrants	60	20	45	0.2	0.2	0.3
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	25,150	12,420	12,735	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	15,010	7,475	7,535	59.7	60.2	59.2
Movers	10,145	4,945	5,200	40.3	39.8	40.8
Non-migrants	3,920	1,915	2,005	15.6	15.4	15.7
Migrants	6,225	3,030	3,195	24.8	24.4	25.1
Internal migrants	5,725	2,800	2,925	22.8	22.5	23.0
Intraprovincial migrants	4,095	1,985	2,110	16.3	16.0	16.6
Interprovincial migrants	1,630	825	810	6.5	6.6	6.4
External migrants	500	225	275	2.0	1.8	2.2
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	22,290	10,990	11,295	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	3,930	2,150	1,785	17.6	19.6	15.8
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	18,350	8,840	9,515	82.3	80.4	84.2
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	13,485	6,680	6,805	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	1,395	780	615	10.3	11.7	9.0
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	12,090	5,900	6,185	89.7	88.3	90.9
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	22,285	10,990	11,295	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	3,380	1,730	1,645	15.2	15.7	14.6
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	7,345	3,575	3,770	33.0	32.5	33.4
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	11,570	5,685	5,880	51.9	51.7	52.1
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	8,260	4,235	4,030	37.1	38.5	35.7
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	2,625	2,135	495	11.8	19.4	4.4
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	800	440	360	3.6	4.0	3.2
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	1,830	1,695	130	8.2	15.4	1.2
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	5,085	1,885	3,200	22.8	17.2	28.3
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	550	210	340	2.5	1.9	3.0
Bachelor's degree or higher	3,305	1,455	1,845	14.8	13.2	16.3
Bachelor's degree	2,200	925	1,280	9.9	8.4	11.3
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	165	70	100	0.7	0.6	0.9
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	190	135	55	0.9	1.2	0.5
Master's degree	680	290	390	3.1	2.6	3.5
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	65	35	25	0.3	0.3	0.2
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	13,485	6,680	6,805	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	1,185	640	540	8.8	9.6	7.9
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	4,295	2,235	2,055	31.9	33.5	30.2
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	8,010	3,800	4,205	59.4	56.9	61.8
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	5,645	2,865	2,780	41.9	42.9	40.9
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	1,765	1,450	315	13.1	21.7	4.6
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	510	280	230	3.8	4.2	3.4
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	1,255	1,170	85	9.3	17.5	1.2
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	3,520	1,280	2,245	26.1	19.2	33.0
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	365	130	230	2.7	1.9	3.4
Bachelor's degree or higher	2,365	940	1,425	17.5	14.1	20.9
Bachelor's degree	1,610	620	985	11.9	9.3	14.5
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	120	55	65	0.9	0.8	1.0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	110	60	50	0.8	0.9	0.7
Master's degree	480	170	310	3.6	2.5	4.6
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	45	30	15	0.3	0.4	0.2
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	22,285	10,990	11,300	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	10,725	5,305	5,420	48.1	48.3	48.0
Education	945	190	760	4.2	1.7	6.7
13. Education	945	190	760	4.2	1.7	6.7
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	255	140	115	1.1	1.3	1.0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	70	55	10	0.3	0.5	0.1
50. Visual and performing arts	190	85	100	0.9	0.8	0.9
Humanities	360	200	160	1.6	1.8	1.4
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	25	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.2
23. English language and literature/letters	60	25	35	0.3	0.2	0.3
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	160	80	75	0.7	0.7	0.7
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	30	30	0	0.1	0.3	0.0
39. Theology and religious vocations	55	40	15	0.2	0.4	0.1
54. History	30	20	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	745	240	505	3.3	2.2	4.5
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	20	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.2
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	80	40	40	0.4	0.4	0.4
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	180	10	165	0.8	0.1	1.5
22. Legal professions and studies	125	20	105	0.6	0.2	0.9
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
42. Psychology	125	50	75	0.6	0.5	0.7
45. Social sciences	205	115	90	0.9	1.0	0.8
Business, management and public administration	2,340	755	1,590	10.5	6.9	14.1
30.16 Accounting and computer science	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
44. Public administration and social service professions	260	55	205	1.2	0.5	1.8
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	2,075	700	1,375	9.3	6.4	12.2
Physical and life sciences and technologies	375	200	180	1.7	1.8	1.6
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	100	45	55	0.4	0.4	0.5
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	115	50	70	0.5	0.5	0.6
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
40. Physical sciences	125	95	30	0.6	0.9	0.3
41. Science technologies/technicians	35	10	25	0.2	0.1	0.2
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	200	105	100	0.9	1.0	0.9
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	160	90	65	0.7	0.8	0.6
25. Library science	20	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.2
27. Mathematics and statistics	20	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	2,920	2,735	185	13.1	24.9	1.6
04. Architecture and related services	65	35	25	0.3	0.3	0.2
14. Engineering	165	130	30	0.7	1.2	0.3
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	535	465	70	2.4	4.2	0.6
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	830	810	20	3.7	7.4	0.2
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	960	930	30	4.3	8.5	0.3
48. Precision production	370	360	10	1.7	3.3	0.1
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	510	335	170	2.3	3.0	1.5
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	160	70	95	0.7	0.6	0.8
03. Natural resources and conservation	340	265	80	1.5	2.4	0.7
Health and related fields	2,125	380	1,750	9.5	3.5	15.5
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	185	85	100	0.8	0.8	0.9
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	1,850	230	1,620	8.3	2.1	14.3
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	85	60	30	0.4	0.5	0.3
Personal, protective and transportation services	785	415	370	3.5	3.8	3.3
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	440	110	330	2.0	1.0	2.9
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
43. Security and protective services	110	80	30	0.5	0.7	0.3
49. Transportation and materials moving	220	210	10	1.0	1.9	0.1
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	13,485	6,675	6,805	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	5,470	2,880	2,595	40.6	43.1	38.1
Education	595	95	495	4.4	1.4	7.3
13. Education	595	95	495	4.4	1.4	7.3
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	190	115	75	1.4	1.7	1.1
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	55	45	10	0.4	0.7	0.1
50. Visual and performing arts	140	75	65	1.0	1.1	1.0
Humanities	275	150	125	2.0	2.2	1.8
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	20	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
23. English language and literature/letters	45	20	25	0.3	0.3	0.4
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	120	60	65	0.9	0.9	1.0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	30	30	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
39. Theology and religious vocations	35	20	15	0.3	0.3	0.2
54. History	20	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	560	135	425	4.2	2.0	6.2
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	70	30	30	0.5	0.4	0.4
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	145	10	135	1.1	0.1	2.0
22. Legal professions and studies	100	15	90	0.7	0.2	1.3
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	15	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
42. Psychology	85	20	65	0.6	0.3	1.0
45. Social sciences	135	60	75	1.0	0.9	1.1
Business, management and public administration	1,635	520	1,115	12.1	7.8	16.4
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	210	40	170	1.6	0.6	2.5
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	1,430	485	945	10.6	7.3	13.9
Physical and life sciences and technologies	235	110	125	1.7	1.6	1.8
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	60	20	40	0.4	0.3	0.6
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	75	30	45	0.6	0.4	0.7
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
40. Physical sciences	75	55	25	0.6	0.8	0.4
41. Science technologies/technicians	20	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	160	85	75	1.2	1.3	1.1
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	145	80	65	1.1	1.2	1.0
25. Library science	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
27. Mathematics and statistics	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	1,975	1,845	120	14.6	27.6	1.8
04. Architecture and related services	55	25	25	0.4	0.4	0.4
14. Engineering	115	85	30	0.9	1.3	0.4
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	340	300	40	2.5	4.5	0.6
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	590	580	10	4.4	8.7	0.1
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	620	605	10	4.6	9.1	0.1
48. Precision production	255	245	10	1.9	3.7	0.1
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	390	240	150	2.9	3.6	2.2
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	130	45	85	1.0	0.7	1.2
03. Natural resources and conservation	260	195	65	1.9	2.9	1.0
Health and related fields	1,480	245	1,230	11.0	3.7	18.1
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	135	65	70	1.0	1.0	1.0
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	1,285	155	1,130	9.5	2.3	16.6
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	55	25	25	0.4	0.4	0.4
Personal, protective and transportation services	500	245	255	3.7	3.7	3.7
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	280	55	220	2.1	0.8	3.2
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	90	60	30	0.7	0.9	0.4
49. Transportation and materials moving	135	125	10	1.0	1.9	0.1
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	13,485	6,675	6,805	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	5,470	2,880	2,595	40.6	43.1	38.1
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	8,010	3,805	4,210	59.4	57.0	61.9
Location of study inside Canada	7,160	3,420	3,745	53.1	51.2	55.0
Same as province or territory of residence	4,790	2,215	2,575	35.5	33.2	37.8
Different than province or territory of residence	2,370	1,200	1,170	17.6	18.0	17.2
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	850	380	470	6.3	5.7	6.9
Americas	255	105	155	1.9	1.6	2.3
United States of America	240	90	145	1.8	1.3	2.1
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peru	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Europe	205	95	105	1.5	1.4	1.5
Belgium	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germany	45	20	30	0.3	0.3	0.4
Netherlands	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Switzerland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Ukraine	30	15	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Ireland⁹⁶	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
United Kingdom⁸⁷	70	50	10	0.5	0.7	0.1
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Europe	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
Africa	75	35	40	0.6	0.5	0.6
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	50	20	30	0.4	0.3	0.4
Other locations of study in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asia	280	125	155	2.1	1.9	2.3
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwan	30	20	10	0.2	0.3	0.1
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Philippines	105	40	65	0.8	0.6	1.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	115	55	60	0.9	0.8	0.9
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania	40	20	15	0.3	0.3	0.2
Australia	25	20	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
New Zealand	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	22,285	10,990	11,295	...	...	...
In the labour force	13,690	7,105	6,585	...	...	...
Employed	12,710	6,615	6,095	...	...	...
Unemployed	980	495	490	...	...	...
Not in the labour force	8,595	3,885	4,710	...	...	...
Participation rate	61.4	64.6	58.3	61.4	64.6	58.3
Employment rate	57.0	60.2	54.0	57.0	60.2	54.0
Unemployment rate	7.2	7.0	7.4	7.2	7.0	7.4
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	22,285	10,990	11,300	100.0	100.0	100.0
Did not work¹⁸⁶	8,650	3,890	4,765	38.8	35.4	42.2
Worked	13,635	7,100	6,535	61.2	64.6	57.8
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	6,785	3,890	2,900	30.4	35.4	25.7
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	6,850	3,220	3,630	30.7	29.3	32.1
Average weeks worked in reference year	41.3	41.8	40.8	41.3	41.8	40.8
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	13,690	7,105	6,585	100.0	100.0	100.0
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	245	105	140	1.8	1.5	2.1
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	13,445	7,000	6,445	98.2	98.5	97.9
Employee	11,445	5,850	5,590	83.6	82.3	84.9
Permanent position	9,745	5,095	4,650	71.2	71.7	70.6
Temporary position	1,700	765	940	12.4	10.8	14.3
Fixed term (1 year or more)	360	140	215	2.6	2.0	3.3
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	1,340	620	720	9.8	8.7	10.9
Self-employed¹⁹²	2,000	1,145	860	14.6	16.1	13.1
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	13,690	7,105	6,585	100.0	100.0	100.0
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	245	105	140	1.8	1.5	2.1
All occupations¹⁹¹	13,445	7,000	6,445	98.2	98.5	97.9
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	105	60	45	0.8	0.8	0.7
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	1,950	450	1,500	14.2	6.3	22.8
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	660	520	145	4.8	7.3	2.2
3 Health occupations	1,180	195	985	8.6	2.7	15.0
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	1,395	460	940	10.2	6.5	14.3
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	360	140	220	2.6	2.0	3.3
6 Sales and service occupations	3,570	1,370	2,195	26.1	19.3	33.3
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	3,310	3,040	275	24.2	42.8	4.2
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	505	400	100	3.7	5.6	1.5
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	405	370	40	3.0	5.2	0.6
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	13,690	7,105	6,585	100.0	100.0	100.0
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	245	105	140	1.8	1.5	2.1
All industries¹⁹¹	13,445	7,000	6,445	98.2	98.5	97.9
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	320	245	80	2.3	3.4	1.2
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	725	660	70	5.3	9.3	1.1
22 Utilities	70	60	10	0.5	0.8	0.2
23 Construction	1,215	1,060	160	8.9	14.9	2.4
31-33 Manufacturing	655	515	135	4.8	7.2	2.1
41 Wholesale trade	360	290	65	2.6	4.1	1.0
44-45 Retail trade	2,100	925	1,175	15.3	13.0	17.8
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	715	555	160	5.2	7.8	2.4
51 Information and cultural industries	170	105	55	1.2	1.5	0.8
52 Finance and insurance	400	130	270	2.9	1.8	4.1
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	190	85	105	1.4	1.2	1.6
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	635	295	340	4.6	4.2	5.2
55 Management of companies and enterprises	20	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	480	280	200	3.5	3.9	3.0
61 Educational services	920	265	655	6.7	3.7	9.9
62 Health care and social assistance	1,920	335	1,585	14.0	4.7	24.1
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	310	140	170	2.3	2.0	2.6
72 Accommodation and food services	905	340	565	6.6	4.8	8.6
81 Other services (except public administration)	675	345	325	4.9	4.9	4.9
91 Public administration	665	350	315	4.9	4.9	4.8
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	14,775	7,630	7,150	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	14,620	7,600	7,020	99.0	99.6	98.2
French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-official language	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
English and French	60	0	55	0.4	0.0	0.8
English and non-official language(s)	90	20	70	0.6	0.3	1.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	14,775	7,630	7,150	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	14,775	7,630	7,150	100.0	100.0	100.0
Official languages	14,765	7,625	7,145	99.9	99.9	99.9
English	14,765	7,625	7,145	99.9	99.9	99.9
French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-official languages	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	14,775	7,630	7,150	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	14,630	7,600	7,030	99.0	99.6	98.3
English	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French	60	0	55	0.4	0.0	0.8
Non-official language	85	15	70	0.6	0.2	1.0
Indigenous³⁹	40	10	35	0.3	0.1	0.5
Non-Indigenous	40	10	35	0.3	0.1	0.5
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	12,710	6,615	6,095	100.0	100.0	100.0
Worked at home	1,435	605	830	11.3	9.1	13.6
Worked outside Canada	35	20	10	0.3	0.3	0.2
No fixed workplace address	2,070	1,615	455	16.3	24.4	7.5
Usual place of work	9,175	4,370	4,800	72.2	66.1	78.8
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	9,175	4,370	4,800	100.0	100.0	100.0
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	5,855	2,435	3,425	63.8	55.7	71.4
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	2,725	1,585	1,130	29.7	36.3	23.5
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	90	70	25	1.0	1.6	0.5
Commute to a different province or territory	505	275	225	5.5	6.3	4.7
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	11,240	5,985	5,255	100.0	100.0	100.0
Car, truck or van	10,010	5,425	4,590	89.1	90.6	87.3
Car, truck or van - as a driver	9,200	5,005	4,195	81.9	83.6	79.8
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	815	420	395	7.3	7.0	7.5
Public transit	90	65	25	0.8	1.1	0.5
Walked	825	320	505	7.3	5.3	9.6
Bicycle	90	50	40	0.8	0.8	0.8
Other method	225	130	95	2.0	2.2	1.8
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	11,240	5,985	5,255	100.0	100.0	100.0
Less than 15 minutes	7,075	3,335	3,740	62.9	55.7	71.2
15 to 29 minutes	2,185	1,115	1,065	19.4	18.6	20.3
30 to 44 minutes	765	475	290	6.8	7.9	5.5
45 to 59 minutes	345	280	65	3.1	4.7	1.2
60 minutes and over	875	780	90	7.8	13.0	1.7
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	11,240	5,985	5,255	100.0	100.0	100.0
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	750	575	170	6.7	9.6	3.2
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	1,725	1,090	640	15.3	18.2	12.2
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	2,730	1,615	1,110	24.3	27.0	21.1
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	2,935	1,165	1,765	26.1	19.5	33.6
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	1,520	565	950	13.5	9.4	18.1
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	1,585	970	615	14.1	16.2	11.7
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	4,980	2,535	2,450	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	210	110	95	4.2	4.3	3.9
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	4,775	2,420	2,355	95.9	95.5	96.1
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	3,765	1,900	1,865	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	170	95	70	4.5	5.0	3.8
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	55	35	20	1.5	1.8	1.1
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	115	60	50	3.1	3.2	2.7
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	3,595	1,805	1,790	95.5	95.0	96.0

Symbol legend

...
not applicable
^r
revised

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 30, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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