Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	Kitimat, District municipality (DM)More information: British Columbia [Census subdivision]
	Counts			Rates
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	8,236	...	...	...	...	...
Population, 2016¹	8,131	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	1.3	...	...	1.3	...	...
Total private dwellings²	4,381	...	...	...	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	3,604	...	...	...	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	34.4	...	...	34.4	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	239.28	...	...	...	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	8,235	4,275	3,960	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	1,345	680	665	16.3	15.9	16.8
0 to 4 years	395	190	205	4.8	4.4	5.2
5 to 9 years	485	255	230	5.9	6.0	5.8
10 to 14 years	465	230	235	5.6	5.4	5.9
15 to 64 years	5,475	2,895	2,580	66.5	67.7	65.2
15 to 19 years	440	220	215	5.3	5.1	5.4
20 to 24 years	440	235	205	5.3	5.5	5.2
25 to 29 years	535	290	250	6.5	6.8	6.3
30 to 34 years	570	285	280	6.9	6.7	7.1
35 to 39 years	540	290	250	6.6	6.8	6.3
40 to 44 years	525	285	240	6.4	6.7	6.1
45 to 49 years	530	275	255	6.4	6.4	6.4
50 to 54 years	605	310	295	7.3	7.3	7.4
55 to 59 years	640	340	295	7.8	8.0	7.4
60 to 64 years	650	360	295	7.9	8.4	7.4
65 years and over	1,415	705	715	17.2	16.5	18.1
65 to 69 years	475	240	230	5.8	5.6	5.8
70 to 74 years	385	210	180	4.7	4.9	4.5
75 to 79 years	250	130	125	3.0	3.0	3.2
80 to 84 years	175	75	95	2.1	1.8	2.4
85 years and over	130	50	80	1.6	1.2	2.0
85 to 89 years	95	35	60	1.2	0.8	1.5
90 to 94 years	25	10	10	0.3	0.2	0.3
95 to 99 years	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.3
100 years and over	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	16.3	15.9	16.8	16.3	15.9	16.8
15 to 64 years	66.5	67.7	65.2	66.5	67.7	65.2
65 years and over	17.2	16.5	18.1	17.2	16.5	18.1
85 years and over	1.6	1.2	2.0	1.6	1.2	2.0
Average age of the population	41.7	41.6	41.8	41.7	41.6	41.8
Median age of the population	42.4	42.0	42.4	42.4	42.0	42.4
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	3,605	...	...	100.0	...	...
Single-detached house	2,340	...	...	64.9	...	...
Semi-detached house	395	...	...	11.0	...	...
Row house	325	...	...	9.0	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	50	...	...	1.4	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	430	...	...	11.9	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Other single-attached house	5	...	...	0.1	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	65	...	...	1.8	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	3,605	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 person	1,100	...	...	30.5	...	...
2 persons	1,360	...	...	37.7	...	...
3 persons	520	...	...	14.4	...	...
4 persons	395	...	...	11.0	...	...
5 or more persons	230	...	...	6.4	...	...
Number of persons in private households	8,215	4,270	3,940	100.0	100.0	100.0
Average household size	2.3	...	...	2.3	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	6,890	3,595	3,290	100.0	100.0	100.0
Married or living common-law	4,175	2,110	2,060	60.6	58.7	62.6
Married	3,070	1,560	1,510	44.6	43.4	45.9
Living common-law	1,100	555	550	16.0	15.4	16.7
Living common law - Never married	885	450	440	12.8	12.5	13.4
Living common law - Separated	45	25	25	0.7	0.7	0.8
Living common law - Divorced	155	75	80	2.2	2.1	2.4
Living common law - Widowed	15	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.3
Not married and not living common-law	2,715	1,485	1,230	39.4	41.3	37.4
Not married and not living common law - Never married	1,790	1,105	685	26.0	30.7	20.8
Not married and not living common law - Separated	195	105	95	2.8	2.9	2.9
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	370	190	175	5.4	5.3	5.3
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	360	85	280	5.2	2.4	8.5
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	2,390	...	...	100.0	...	...
2 persons	1,375	...	...	57.5	...	...
3 persons	465	...	...	19.5	...	...
4 persons	370	...	...	15.5	...	...
5 or more persons	180	...	...	7.5	...	...
Average size of census families	2.8	...	...	2.8	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.7	...	...	1.7	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	2,390	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total couple families	2,040	...	...	85.4	...	...
Married couples	1,490	...	...	62.3	...	...
With children⁶	660	...	...	27.6	...	...
Without children	830	...	...	34.7	...	...
Common-law couples	555	...	...	23.2	...	...
With children⁶	235	...	...	9.8	...	...
Without children	320	...	...	13.4	...	...
Total one-parent families	350	...	...	14.6	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	230	...	...	9.6	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	115	...	...	4.8	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	8,215	4,270	3,940	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total - Persons in census families	6,580	3,330	3,250	80.1	78.0	82.5
Married spouses or common-law partners	4,080	2,040	2,040	49.7	47.8	51.8
Parents in one-parent families	355	120	235	4.3	2.8	6.0
Children⁶	2,155	1,175	980	26.2	27.5	24.9
In a two-parent family	1,635	885	750	19.9	20.7	19.0
In a one-parent family	525	295	230	6.4	6.9	5.8
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	1,630	940	690	19.8	22.0	17.5
Living alone	1,100	620	485	13.4	14.5	12.3
Living with other relatives⁷	185	90	100	2.3	2.1	2.5
Living with non-relatives only	345	230	110	4.2	5.4	2.8
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	3,605	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	2,165	...	...	60.1	...	...
Couple-family households	1,885	...	...	52.3	...	...
With children⁶	830	...	...	23.0	...	...
Without children	1,055	...	...	29.3	...	...
One-parent-family households	280	...	...	7.8	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	55	...	...	1.5	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	20	...	...	0.6	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	105	...	...	2.9	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	155	...	...	4.3	...	...
One-person households	1,100	...	...	30.5	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	6,865	3,590	3,275	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	6,660	3,510	3,155	97.0	97.8	96.3
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	52,000	69,000	38,400	52,000	69,000	38,400
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	6,670	3,510	3,155	97.2	97.8	96.3
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	46,400	59,600	35,200	46,400	59,600	35,200
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	6,135	3,310	2,830	89.4	92.2	86.4
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	46,800	65,500	31,200	46,800	65,500	31,200
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	5,260	2,995	2,270	76.6	83.4	69.3
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	46,800	66,500	34,000	46,800	66,500	34,000
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	5,020	2,395	2,625	73.1	66.7	80.2
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	9,500	9,400	9,600	9,500	9,400	9,600
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	650	320	330	9.5	8.9	10.1
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,680	5,720	5,600	5,680	5,720	5,600
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	1,315	565	745	19.2	15.7	22.7
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,500	7,000	7,500	7,500	7,000	7,500
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	6,870	3,595	3,275	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	6,675	3,500	3,175	97.2	97.4	96.9
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	66,900	83,000	49,160	66,900	83,000	49,160
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	6,695	3,510	3,180	97.5	97.6	97.1
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	54,250	66,100	41,120	54,250	66,100	41,120
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	6,125	3,270	2,860	89.2	91.0	87.3
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	64,000	81,000	44,560	64,000	81,000	44,560
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	5,265	2,945	2,310	76.6	81.9	70.5
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	62,150	74,800	46,080	62,150	74,800	46,080
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	4,990	2,350	2,640	72.6	65.4	80.6
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	10,940	11,050	10,850	10,940	11,050	10,850
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	615	320	300	9.0	8.9	9.2
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,640	6,900	6,400	6,640	6,900	6,400
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	1,305	575	730	19.0	16.0	22.3
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,550	8,400	8,660	8,550	8,400	8,660
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	6,870	3,590	3,275	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	2,450	1,485	965	35.7	41.4	29.5
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	82,000	105,000	62,000	82,000	105,000	62,000
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	93,600	105,600	75,200	93,600	105,600	75,200
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	1,745	810	935	25.4	22.6	28.5
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	27,600	44,400	22,600	27,600	44,400	22,600
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	44,200	61,200	29,450	44,200	61,200	29,450
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	87.8	91.0	81.6	87.8	91.0	81.6
Employment income (%)¹⁹	73.2	75.8	68.2	73.2	75.8	68.2
Government transfers (%)²⁰	12.2	8.9	18.3	12.2	8.9	18.3
Employment insurance benefits (%)	0.9	0.8	1.2	0.9	0.8	1.2
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	3.2	2.1	5.3	3.2	2.1	5.3
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	2.5	1.7	4.1	2.5	1.7	4.1
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	6,870	3,590	3,280	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without total income	210	85	125	3.1	2.4	3.8
With total income	6,660	3,505	3,150	96.9	97.6	96.0
Under $10,000 (including loss)	545	185	360	8.2	5.3	11.4
$10,000 to $19,999	620	195	420	9.3	5.6	13.3
$20,000 to $29,999	600	215	390	9.0	6.1	12.4
$30,000 to $39,999	735	260	480	11.0	7.4	15.2
$40,000 to $49,999	660	300	365	9.9	8.6	11.6
$50,000 to $59,999	635	350	290	9.5	10.0	9.2
$60,000 to $69,999	495	280	215	7.4	8.0	6.8
$70,000 to $79,999	355	190	160	5.3	5.4	5.1
$80,000 to $89,999	310	190	115	4.7	5.4	3.7
$90,000 to $99,999	265	185	80	4.0	5.3	2.5
$100,000 and over	1,445	1,160	280	21.7	33.1	8.9
$100,000 to $149,999	1,025	805	225	15.4	23.0	7.1
$150,000 and over	415	355	60	6.2	10.1	1.9
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	6,870	3,590	3,280	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without after-tax income	200	75	120	2.9	2.1	3.7
With after-tax income	6,665	3,515	3,155	97.0	97.9	96.2
Under $10,000 (including loss)	575	190	385	8.6	5.4	12.2
$10,000 to $19,999	635	210	430	9.5	6.0	13.6
$20,000 to $29,999	715	250	465	10.7	7.1	14.7
$30,000 to $39,999	840	310	525	12.6	8.8	16.6
$40,000 to $49,999	835	415	420	12.5	11.8	13.3
$50,000 to $59,999	665	385	280	10.0	11.0	8.9
$60,000 to $69,999	505	300	205	7.6	8.5	6.5
$70,000 to $79,999	365	235	125	5.5	6.7	4.0
$80,000 to $89,999	425	305	120	6.4	8.7	3.8
$90,000 to $99,999	320	250	70	4.8	7.1	2.2
$100,000 and over	790	655	135	11.9	18.6	4.3
$100,000 to $124,999	505	420	90	7.6	11.9	2.9
$125,000 and over	280	235	45	4.2	6.7	1.4
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	6,870	3,590	3,280	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without employment income	1,605	595	1,010	23.4	16.6	30.8
With employment income	5,260	2,995	2,265	76.6	83.4	69.1
Under $5,000 (including loss)	890	560	330	16.9	18.7	14.6
$5,000 to $9,999	265	85	185	5.0	2.8	8.2
$10,000 to $19,999	460	190	270	8.7	6.3	11.9
$20,000 to $29,999	405	150	260	7.7	5.0	11.5
$30,000 to $39,999	380	155	220	7.2	5.2	9.7
$40,000 to $49,999	345	135	210	6.6	4.5	9.3
$50,000 to $59,999	305	140	165	5.8	4.7	7.3
$60,000 to $69,999	300	135	165	5.7	4.5	7.3
$70,000 to $79,999	240	135	110	4.6	4.5	4.9
$80,000 to $89,999	215	145	75	4.1	4.8	3.3
$90,000 to $99,999	215	145	70	4.1	4.8	3.1
$100,000 and over	1,240	1,030	210	23.6	34.4	9.3
$100,000 to $124,999	540	430	110	10.3	14.4	4.9
$125,000 and over	700	600	95	13.3	20.0	4.2
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	6,865	3,590	3,275	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	6,545	3,450	3,095	95.3	96.1	94.5
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	49,600	66,000	34,000	49,600	66,000	34,000
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	6,580	3,455	3,125	95.8	96.2	95.4
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	43,600	56,800	30,600	43,600	56,800	30,600
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	6,045	3,280	2,760	88.1	91.4	84.3
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	45,200	63,200	30,600	45,200	63,200	30,600
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	5,325	3,040	2,290	77.6	84.7	69.9
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	42,800	62,400	31,000	42,800	62,400	31,000
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	4,200	1,925	2,275	61.2	53.6	69.5
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	7,900	8,900	7,350	7,900	8,900	7,350
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	595	285	310	8.7	7.9	9.5
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	5,120	4,960	5,320	5,120	4,960	5,320
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	6,870	3,595	3,275	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	6,520	3,445	3,075	94.9	95.8	93.9
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	63,650	78,500	47,040	63,650	78,500	47,040
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	6,540	3,445	3,090	95.2	95.8	94.4
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	51,350	62,550	38,840	51,350	62,550	38,840
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	5,955	3,240	2,710	86.7	90.1	82.7
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	63,100	77,500	45,840	63,100	77,500	45,840
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	5,215	2,980	2,225	75.9	82.9	67.9
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	60,650	71,700	45,880	60,650	71,700	45,880
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	4,225	1,950	2,275	61.5	54.2	69.5
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	9,260	9,690	8,890	9,260	9,690	8,890
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	575	315	260	8.4	8.8	7.9
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,800	6,120	7,600	6,800	6,120	7,600
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	6,870	3,590	3,275	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	2,410	1,475	935	35.1	41.1	28.5
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	75,500	95,000	55,600	75,500	95,000	55,600
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	88,300	97,100	74,200	88,300	97,100	74,200
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	1,615	770	845	23.5	21.4	25.8
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	30,600	56,800	22,000	30,600	56,800	22,000
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	47,360	66,800	29,800	47,360	66,800	29,800
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	90.6	93.0	86.0	90.6	93.0	86.0
Employment income (%)	76.2	79.2	70.8	76.2	79.2	70.8
Government transfers (%)	9.4	7.0	14.0	9.4	7.0	14.0
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.0	0.7	1.4	1.0	0.7	1.4
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	3,605	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	103,000	...	...	103,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	88,000	...	...	88,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	1,100	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	60,400	...	...	60,400	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	50,800	...	...	50,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	2,500	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	128,000	...	...	128,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	109,000	...	...	109,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	3,605	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	123,900	...	...	123,900	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	100,700	...	...	100,700	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	1,100	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	79,800	...	...	79,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	61,700	...	...	61,700	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	2,505	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	143,400	...	...	143,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	117,800	...	...	117,800	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	3,605	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	35	...	...	1.0	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	10	...	...	0.3	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	15	...	...	0.4	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	50	...	...	1.4	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	65	...	...	1.8	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	50	...	...	1.4	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	85	...	...	2.4	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	85	...	...	2.4	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	95	...	...	2.6	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	120	...	...	3.3	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	220	...	...	6.1	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	250	...	...	6.9	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	250	...	...	6.9	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	210	...	...	5.8	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	185	...	...	5.1	...	...
$100,000 and over	1,875	...	...	52.0	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	450	...	...	12.5	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	380	...	...	10.5	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	500	...	...	13.9	...	...
$200,000 and over	545	...	...	15.1	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	3,605	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	40	...	...	1.1	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	10	...	...	0.3	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	15	...	...	0.4	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	50	...	...	1.4	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	70	...	...	1.9	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	75	...	...	2.1	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	110	...	...	3.1	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	95	...	...	2.6	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	140	...	...	3.9	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	135	...	...	3.7	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	290	...	...	8.0	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	285	...	...	7.9	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	275	...	...	7.6	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	260	...	...	7.2	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	215	...	...	6.0	...	...
$100,000 and over	1,540	...	...	42.7	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	515	...	...	14.3	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	340	...	...	9.4	...	...
$150,000 and over	685	...	...	19.0	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	2,385	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	127,000	...	...	127,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	108,000	...	...	108,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.8	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	1,075	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	108,000	...	...	108,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	94,000	...	...	94,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	900	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	166,000	...	...	166,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	136,000	...	...	136,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	3.9	...	...	3.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	335	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	83,000	...	...	83,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	76,000	...	...	76,000	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	1,440	850	595	...	...	...
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	55,200	62,800	46,400	55,200	62,800	46,400
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	48,000	53,600	42,000	48,000	53,600	42,000
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	2,385	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	143,400	...	...	143,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	117,700	...	...	117,700	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,090	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	129,200	...	...	129,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	106,200	...	...	106,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	890	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	176,400	...	...	176,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	144,400	...	...	144,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	345	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	100,000	...	...	100,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	85,600	...	...	85,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	1,465	865	595	...	...	...
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	71,600	75,400	66,000	71,600	75,400	66,000
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	56,450	60,200	51,000	56,450	60,200	51,000
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	8,210	4,270	3,945	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	1,600	810	790	19.5	19.0	20.0
0 to 5 years	490	245	245	6.0	5.7	6.2
18 to 64 years	5,215	2,765	2,445	63.5	64.8	62.0
65 years and over	1,400	700	705	17.1	16.4	17.9
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	445	215	230	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	105	50	50	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	30	10	15	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	245	115	125	...	...	...
65 years and over	100	45	55	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	5.4	5.0	5.9	5.4	5.0	5.9
0 to 17 years (%)	6.5	6.4	6.6	6.5	6.4	6.6
0 to 5 years (%)	5.6	5.0	7.0	5.6	5.0	7.0
18 to 64 years (%)	4.7	4.3	5.1	4.7	4.3	5.1
65 years and over (%)	7.0	6.2	7.8	7.0	6.2	7.8
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	8,215	4,270	3,940	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	1,595	810	790	19.4	19.0	20.1
0 to 5 years	495	245	245	6.0	5.7	6.2
18 to 64 years	5,210	2,765	2,450	63.4	64.8	62.2
65 years and over	1,405	695	705	17.1	16.3	17.9
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	165	75	85	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	35	15	20	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	5	0	5	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	120	60	55	...	...	...
65 years and over	10	0	10	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	2.0	1.9	2.2	2.0	1.9	2.2
0 to 17 years (%)	2.2	1.6	2.6	2.2	1.6	2.6
0 to 5 years (%)	x	x	x	x	x	x
18 to 64 years (%)	2.2	2.3	2.2	2.2	2.3	2.2
65 years and over (%)	0.9	x	1.4	0.9	x	1.4
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	8,210	4,270	3,940	100.0	100.0	100.0
In bottom half of the distribution	2,890	1,430	1,460	35.2	33.5	37.1
In bottom decile	445	230	220	5.4	5.4	5.6
In second decile	455	200	255	5.5	4.7	6.5
In third decile	535	250	280	6.5	5.9	7.1
In fourth decile	645	335	310	7.9	7.8	7.9
In fifth decile	810	420	395	9.9	9.8	10.0
In top half of the distribution	5,315	2,835	2,480	64.7	66.4	62.9
In sixth decile	815	425	395	9.9	10.0	10.0
In seventh decile	855	450	410	10.4	10.5	10.4
In eighth decile	1,005	525	480	12.2	12.3	12.2
In ninth decile	1,180	640	545	14.4	15.0	13.8
In top decile	1,455	805	655	17.7	18.9	16.6
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	8,215	...	...	8,215	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.305	...	...	0.305	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.379	...	...	0.379	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.266	...	...	0.266	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.4	...	...	3.4	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	8,225	4,275	3,950	100.0	100.0	100.0
English only	7,620	3,980	3,645	92.6	93.1	92.3
French only	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
English and French	560	280	275	6.8	6.5	7.0
Neither English nor French	40	10	30	0.5	0.2	0.8
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	8,225	4,275	3,950	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	7,960	4,135	3,825	96.8	96.7	96.8
French	200	115	80	2.4	2.7	2.0
English and French	35	15	20	0.4	0.4	0.5
Neither English nor French	40	10	30	0.5	0.2	0.8
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	8,225	4,275	3,950	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	7,755	4,030	3,730	94.3	94.3	94.4
Official languages	6,670	3,485	3,185	81.1	81.5	80.6
English	6,470	3,360	3,110	78.7	78.6	78.7
French	195	120	80	2.4	2.8	2.0
Non-official languages	1,090	545	545	13.3	12.7	13.8
Indigenous languages³⁹	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	5	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	5	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Wakashan languages	5	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Haisla	5	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	1,075	535	535	13.1	12.5	13.5
Afro-Asiatic languages	30	30	5	0.4	0.7	0.1
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	15	15	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	15	15	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	15	10	5	0.2	0.2	0.1
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	10	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	70	25	50	0.9	0.6	1.3
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Ilocano	5	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	5	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	45	15	30	0.5	0.4	0.8
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	20	20	10	0.2	0.5	0.3
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	25	20	10	0.3	0.5	0.3
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	850	430	420	10.3	10.1	10.6
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	55	35	25	0.7	0.8	0.6
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	55	35	25	0.7	0.8	0.6
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	5	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	15	10	5	0.2	0.2	0.1
Russian	15	5	5	0.2	0.1	0.1
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	5	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	170	85	80	2.1	2.0	2.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	120	55	65	1.5	1.3	1.6
German	120	55	65	1.5	1.3	1.6
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	40	25	15	0.5	0.6	0.4
Afrikaans	10	10	5	0.1	0.2	0.1
Dutch	30	20	10	0.4	0.5	0.3
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Scandinavian languages	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	5	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	15	10	5	0.2	0.2	0.1
Indo-Iranian languages	85	50	40	1.0	1.2	1.0
Indo-Aryan languages	90	45	40	1.1	1.1	1.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Hindi	15	10	5	0.2	0.2	0.1
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	50	25	20	0.6	0.6	0.5
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	10	10	5	0.1	0.2	0.1
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	525	255	270	6.4	6.0	6.8
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	45	30	20	0.5	0.7	0.5
Portuguese	425	205	215	5.2	4.8	5.4
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	55	25	35	0.7	0.6	0.9
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	5	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Korean	15	5	10	0.2	0.1	0.3
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	15	5	10	0.2	0.1	0.3
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	20	5	10	0.2	0.1	0.3
Chinese languages	20	5	10	0.2	0.1	0.3
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	15	5	10	0.2	0.1	0.3
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	5	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	5	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	30	15	15	0.4	0.4	0.4
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.3
Hungarian	5	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	475	250	220	5.8	5.8	5.6
English and French	80	35	45	1.0	0.8	1.1
English and non-official language(s)	360	200	160	4.4	4.7	4.1
French and non-official language(s)	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
English, French and non-official language(s)	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Multiple non-official languages	15	10	5	0.2	0.2	0.1
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	8,225	4,275	3,950	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	6,990	3,670	3,320	85.0	85.8	84.1
French	100	50	50	1.2	1.2	1.3
Non-official language	180	85	95	2.2	2.0	2.4
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	175	80	95	2.1	1.9	2.4
English and French	140	75	65	1.7	1.8	1.6
English and non-official language(s)	795	390	405	9.7	9.1	10.3
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	25	10	15	0.3	0.2	0.4
Multiple non-official languages	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	8,225	4,275	3,950	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	8,010	4,165	3,850	97.4	97.4	97.5
Official languages	7,650	3,995	3,655	93.0	93.5	92.5
English	7,520	3,930	3,595	91.4	91.9	91.0
French	125	65	65	1.5	1.5	1.6
Non-official languages	365	170	200	4.4	4.0	5.1
Indigenous languages³⁹	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Haisla	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	360	165	195	4.4	3.9	4.9
Afro-Asiatic languages	15	15	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	40	10	25	0.5	0.2	0.6
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	30	10	25	0.4	0.2	0.6
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.3
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	15	10	5	0.2	0.2	0.1
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	260	110	145	3.2	2.6	3.7
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.3
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.3
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	30	10	15	0.4	0.2	0.4
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	10	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.3
German	10	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.3
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	15	10	5	0.2	0.2	0.1
Afrikaans	5	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Dutch	5	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	5	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	5	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	5	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Indo-Iranian languages	55	25	25	0.7	0.6	0.6
Indo-Aryan languages	55	25	25	0.7	0.6	0.6
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	5	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	40	20	20	0.5	0.5	0.5
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	10	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.3
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	155	60	90	1.9	1.4	2.3
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	15	10	5	0.2	0.2	0.1
Portuguese	120	45	75	1.5	1.1	1.9
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	15	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.3
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	15	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.3
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	5	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	5	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Chinese languages	5	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	5	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	5	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	215	110	105	2.6	2.6	2.7
English and French	40	20	20	0.5	0.5	0.5
English and non-official language(s)	170	90	80	2.1	2.1	2.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	5	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	8,225	4,280	3,950	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	7,465	3,910	3,555	90.8	91.4	90.0
English	190	95	100	2.3	2.2	2.5
French	75	40	40	0.9	0.9	1.0
Non-official language	420	195	225	5.1	4.6	5.7
Indigenous³⁹	40	15	20	0.5	0.4	0.5
Non-Indigenous	385	180	200	4.7	4.2	5.1
English and French	5	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	15	5	5	0.2	0.1	0.1
French and non-official language(s)	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	40	25	20	0.5	0.6	0.5
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	8,210	4,270	3,945	100.0	100.0	100.0
Official languages	8,185	4,260	3,920	99.7	99.8	99.4
English	8,170	4,260	3,910	99.5	99.8	99.1
French	575	290	285	7.0	6.8	7.2
Non-official languages	1,685	830	850	20.5	19.4	21.5
Indigenous languages³⁹	215	120	100	2.6	2.8	2.5
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	15	15	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	15	15	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	15	10	0	0.2	0.2	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	15	10	0	0.2	0.2	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	65	25	40	0.8	0.6	1.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	55	25	30	0.7	0.6	0.8
Tsimshian	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.3
Wakashan languages	140	80	60	1.7	1.9	1.5
Haisla	130	75	55	1.6	1.8	1.4
Heiltsuk	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	1,465	715	755	17.8	16.7	19.1
Afro-Asiatic languages	65	60	10	0.8	1.4	0.3
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	45	45	0	0.5	1.1	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	45	45	0	0.5	1.1	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	15	15	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	155	60	100	1.9	1.4	2.5
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.3
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	150	50	100	1.8	1.2	2.5
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	40	20	15	0.5	0.5	0.4
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	25	10	10	0.3	0.2	0.3
Tamil	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Telugu	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.3
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	1,080	535	545	13.2	12.5	13.8
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	65	35	30	0.8	0.8	0.8
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	65	35	30	0.8	0.8	0.8
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	30	15	15	0.4	0.4	0.4
Russian	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	15	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.3
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	225	115	115	2.7	2.7	2.9
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	185	90	100	2.3	2.1	2.5
German	185	90	100	2.3	2.1	2.5
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	45	30	15	0.5	0.7	0.4
Afrikaans	15	10	0	0.2	0.2	0.0
Dutch	30	20	0	0.4	0.5	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	15	10	0	0.2	0.2	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	15	10	0	0.2	0.2	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	75	45	30	0.9	1.1	0.8
Indo-Aryan languages	75	45	30	0.9	1.1	0.8
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	60	35	20	0.7	0.8	0.5
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	35	10	20	0.4	0.2	0.5
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	15	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.3
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	705	340	365	8.6	8.0	9.3
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	60	30	30	0.7	0.7	0.8
Portuguese	570	270	300	6.9	6.3	7.6
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	90	45	50	1.1	1.1	1.3
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	35	15	15	0.4	0.4	0.4
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	35	20	15	0.4	0.5	0.4
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	25	10	20	0.3	0.2	0.5
Chinese languages	25	10	20	0.3	0.2	0.5
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	15	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	20	10	15	0.2	0.2	0.4
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.3
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.3
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	30	10	20	0.4	0.2	0.5
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	25	10	15	0.3	0.2	0.4
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	8,210	4,265	3,940	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	1,240	660	585	15.1	15.5	14.8
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	1,185	630	555	14.4	14.8	14.1
First Nations (North American Indian)	935	520	420	11.4	12.2	10.7
Métis	250	115	135	3.0	2.7	3.4
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	25	0	15	0.3	0.0	0.4
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	35	25	10	0.4	0.6	0.3
Non-Indigenous identity	6,965	3,610	3,355	84.8	84.6	85.2
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	8,210	4,265	3,940	100.0	100.0	100.0
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	805	435	370	9.8	10.2	9.4
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	7,405	3,835	3,570	90.2	89.9	90.6
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	3,605	...	...	100.0	...	...
Owner	2,755	...	...	76.4	...	...
Renter	850	...	...	23.6	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	3,605	...	...	100.0	...	...
Condominium	210	...	...	5.8	...	...
Not condominium	3,395	...	...	94.2	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	3,605	...	...	100.0	...	...
No bedrooms	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
1 bedroom	205	...	...	5.7	...	...
2 bedrooms	570	...	...	15.8	...	...
3 bedrooms	1,525	...	...	42.3	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	1,300	...	...	36.1	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	3,605	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	585	...	...	16.2	...	...
5 rooms	660	...	...	18.3	...	...
6 rooms	720	...	...	20.0	...	...
7 rooms	420	...	...	11.7	...	...
8 or more rooms	1,215	...	...	33.7	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.7	...	...	6.7	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	3,605	...	...	100.0	...	...
One person or fewer per room	3,575	...	...	99.2	...	...
More than one person per room	30	...	...	0.8	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	3,605	...	...	100.0	...	...
Suitable	3,485	...	...	96.7	...	...
Not suitable	115	...	...	3.2	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	3,605	...	...	100.0	...	...
1960 or before	1,390	...	...	38.6	...	...
1961 to 1980	1,420	...	...	39.4	...	...
1981 to 1990	360	...	...	10.0	...	...
1991 to 2000	235	...	...	6.5	...	...
2001 to 2005	25	...	...	0.7	...	...
2006 to 2010	35	...	...	1.0	...	...
2011 to 2015	55	...	...	1.5	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	80	...	...	2.2	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	3,605	...	...	100.0	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	3,105	...	...	86.1	...	...
Major repairs needed	495	...	...	13.7	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	3,605	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-maintainer household	1,885	...	...	52.3	...	...
Two-maintainer household	1,545	...	...	42.9	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	170	...	...	4.7	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	3,605	...	...	100.0	...	...
15 to 24 years	125	...	...	3.5	...	...
25 to 34 years	525	...	...	14.6	...	...
35 to 44 years	595	...	...	16.5	...	...
45 to 54 years	665	...	...	18.4	...	...
55 to 64 years	795	...	...	22.1	...	...
65 to 74 years	520	...	...	14.4	...	...
75 to 84 years	285	...	...	7.9	...	...
85 years and over	85	...	...	2.4	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	3,600	...	...	100.0	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	3,205	...	...	89.0	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	395	...	...	11.0	...	...
30% to less than 100%	355	...	...	9.9	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	3,605	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	900	...	...	25.0	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	310	...	...	8.6	...	...
Not suitable only	90	...	...	2.5	...	...
Major repairs needed only	395	...	...	11.0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	10	...	...	0.3	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	80	...	...	2.2	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	25	...	...	0.7	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Acceptable housing	2,705	...	...	75.0	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	3,560	...	...	100.0	...	...
In core need	300	...	...	8.4	...	...
Not in core need	3,260	...	...	91.6	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	2,750	...	...	...	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	58.0	...	...	58.0	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	6.4	...	...	6.4	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	4.8	...	...	4.8	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,050	...	...	1,050	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,143	...	...	1,143	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	348,000	...	...	348,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	380,400	...	...	380,400	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	850	...	...	...	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	10.0	...	...	10.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	25.9	...	...	25.9	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	20.4	...	...	20.4	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,250	...	...	1,250	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,324	...	...	1,324	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	...	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	8,215	4,270	3,940	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	650	330	320	7.9	7.7	8.1
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	650	325	320	7.9	7.6	8.1
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	580	300	280	7.1	7.0	7.1
Métis single ancestry	70	30	40	0.9	0.7	1.0
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	610	340	275	7.4	8.0	7.0
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	610	340	275	7.4	8.0	7.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	465	270	200	5.7	6.3	5.1
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	145	65	75	1.8	1.5	1.9
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	6,950	3,600	3,345	84.6	84.3	84.9
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	8,210	4,270	3,940	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	7,870	4,125	3,740	95.9	96.6	94.9
Canadian citizens aged under 18	1,580	805	775	19.2	18.9	19.7
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	6,290	3,320	2,965	76.6	77.8	75.3
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	345	145	200	4.2	3.4	5.1
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	8,210	4,270	3,940	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	6,765	3,555	3,210	82.4	83.3	81.5
Immigrants⁸¹	1,365	675	690	16.6	15.8	17.5
Before 1980	805	385	420	9.8	9.0	10.7
1980 to 1990	135	90	45	1.6	2.1	1.1
1991 to 2000	85	40	45	1.0	0.9	1.1
2001 to 2010	135	75	55	1.6	1.8	1.4
2011 to 2021⁸²	215	90	130	2.6	2.1	3.3
2011 to 2015	85	45	45	1.0	1.1	1.1
2016 to 2021	125	45	85	1.5	1.1	2.2
Non-permanent residents⁸³	80	40	45	1.0	0.9	1.1
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	1,365	675	690	100.0	100.0	100.0
Under 5 years	175	75	100	12.8	11.1	14.5
5 to 14 years	270	185	80	19.8	27.4	11.6
15 to 24 years	315	160	155	23.1	23.7	22.5
25 to 44 years	555	235	315	40.7	34.8	45.7
45 years and over	60	25	40	4.4	3.7	5.8
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	1,365	675	690	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	125	40	85	9.2	5.9	12.3
Brazil	10	0	10	0.7	0.0	1.4
Colombia	10	0	10	0.7	0.0	1.4
El Salvador	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyana	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peru	15	0	10	1.1	0.0	1.4
Trinidad and Tobago	10	0	10	0.7	0.0	1.4
United States of America	70	30	45	5.1	4.4	6.5
Other places of birth in Americas	10	0	0	0.7	0.0	0.0
Europe	810	385	425	59.3	57.0	61.6
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	10	0	0	0.7	0.0	0.0
Germany	105	40	65	7.7	5.9	9.4
Greece	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	30	20	15	2.2	3.0	2.2
Netherlands	30	20	10	2.2	3.0	1.4
Poland	20	0	15	1.5	0.0	2.2
Portugal	350	175	175	25.6	25.9	25.4
Romania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	185	90	95	13.6	13.3	13.8
Other places of birth in Europe	65	25	40	4.8	3.7	5.8
Africa	115	85	30	8.4	12.6	4.3
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	40	40	0	2.9	5.9	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	20	15	10	1.5	2.2	1.4
Other places of birth in Africa	35	20	15	2.6	3.0	2.2
Asia	295	145	155	21.6	21.5	22.5
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	145	60	80	10.6	8.9	11.6
Viet Nam	10	0	0	0.7	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	65	35	25	4.8	5.2	3.6
Pakistan	15	10	0	1.1	1.5	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	30	15	15	2.2	2.2	2.2
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	20	20	0	1.5	3.0	0.0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	130	45	85	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	15	0	10	11.5	0.0	11.8
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	10	0	10	7.7	0.0	11.8
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Europe	15	0	15	11.5	0.0	17.6
France	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germany	10	0	10	7.7	0.0	11.8
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asia	95	35	55	73.1	77.8	64.7
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	45	25	25	34.6	55.6	29.4
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	45	15	30	34.6	33.3	35.3
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	8,210	4,265	3,945	100.0	100.0	100.0
First generation¹⁰⁰	1,490	730	760	18.1	17.1	19.3
Second generation¹⁰¹	1,505	790	715	18.3	18.5	18.1
Third generation or more¹⁰²	5,220	2,750	2,470	63.6	64.5	62.6
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	565	290	270	100.0	100.0	100.0
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	310	170	140	54.9	58.6	51.9
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	140	80	60	24.8	27.6	22.2
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	175	90	85	31.0	31.0	31.5
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	170	50	115	30.1	17.2	42.6
Refugees¹⁰⁸	80	65	15	14.2	22.4	5.6
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	565	290	270	100.0	100.0	100.0
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	15	15	0	2.7	5.2	0.0
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	115	50	65	20.4	17.2	24.1
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	40	20	20	7.1	6.9	7.4
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	35	0	25	6.2	0.0	9.3
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	360	195	160	63.7	67.2	59.3
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	8,210	4,265	3,940	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	685	325	360	8.3	7.6	9.1
South Asian	145	70	70	1.8	1.6	1.8
Chinese	50	15	30	0.6	0.4	0.8
Black	130	80	50	1.6	1.9	1.3
Filipino	185	80	110	2.3	1.9	2.8
Arab	30	20	10	0.4	0.5	0.3
Latin American	60	25	35	0.7	0.6	0.9
Southeast Asian	15	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.4
West Asian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	45	15	25	0.5	0.4	0.6
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple visible minorities	25	15	15	0.3	0.4	0.4
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	7,525	3,950	3,580	91.7	92.6	90.9
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	8,210	4,270	3,945	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian	1,050	580	465	12.8	13.6	11.8
English	1,785	965	820	21.7	22.6	20.8
Irish	1,200	635	565	14.6	14.9	14.3
Scottish	1,360	695	660	16.6	16.3	16.7
French, n.o.s.¹²²	675	330	345	8.2	7.7	8.7
German	1,195	660	540	14.6	15.5	13.7
Chinese	70	25	45	0.9	0.6	1.1
Italian	230	120	105	2.8	2.8	2.7
Indian (India)	75	35	40	0.9	0.8	1.0
Ukrainian	415	210	195	5.1	4.9	4.9
Dutch	325	165	165	4.0	3.9	4.2
Polish	195	100	95	2.4	2.3	2.4
Québécois	45	20	20	0.5	0.5	0.5
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	230	130	100	2.8	3.0	2.5
Filipino	170	75	95	2.1	1.8	2.4
French Canadian	90	60	35	1.1	1.4	0.9
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	200	90	115	2.4	2.1	2.9
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	300	165	135	3.7	3.9	3.4
Métis	215	100	115	2.6	2.3	2.9
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	220	110	110	2.7	2.6	2.8
Russian	85	55	30	1.0	1.3	0.8
Norwegian	270	140	125	3.3	3.3	3.2
Welsh	210	115	95	2.6	2.7	2.4
Portuguese	1,035	520	520	12.6	12.2	13.2
American	95	35	65	1.2	0.8	1.6
Spanish	95	50	45	1.2	1.2	1.1
Swedish	130	70	60	1.6	1.6	1.5
Hungarian	75	30	40	0.9	0.7	1.0
Acadian	65	25	45	0.8	0.6	1.1
Pakistani	15	10	0	0.2	0.2	0.0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	35	0	25	0.4	0.0	0.6
Jewish	15	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.3
Punjabi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	30	20	10	0.4	0.5	0.3
Greek	55	20	35	0.7	0.5	0.9
Jamaican	30	30	0	0.4	0.7	0.0
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	60	40	15	0.7	0.9	0.4
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	35	20	15	0.4	0.5	0.4
Lebanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	15	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.3
Danish	110	45	65	1.3	1.1	1.6
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	45	30	15	0.5	0.7	0.4
Sikh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austrian	50	20	35	0.6	0.5	0.9
Belgian	25	15	15	0.3	0.4	0.4
Haitian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindu	25	20	0	0.3	0.5	0.0
Mexican	40	20	15	0.5	0.5	0.4
Mennonite	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Swiss	35	10	25	0.4	0.2	0.6
Finnish	90	40	50	1.1	0.9	1.3
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	65	30	40	0.8	0.7	1.0
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	20	15	10	0.2	0.4	0.3
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	25	15	10	0.3	0.4	0.3
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	30	10	25	0.4	0.2	0.6
Muslim	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egyptian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	70	35	35	0.9	0.8	0.9
Colombian	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.3
Moroccan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	25	20	10	0.3	0.5	0.3
Syrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afghan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.3
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.3
Newfoundlander	90	50	40	1.1	1.2	1.0
Hong Konger	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ontarian	25	10	15	0.3	0.2	0.4
Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazilian	20	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.3
Nigerian	25	15	10	0.3	0.4	0.3
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	45	35	10	0.5	0.8	0.3
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	15	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.3
Somali	35	35	0	0.4	0.8	0.0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South African	15	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.3
Australian	50	20	30	0.6	0.5	0.8
Palestinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chilean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congolese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nova Scotian	25	0	25	0.3	0.0	0.6
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peruvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
New Brunswicker	15	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.4
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Canadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israeli	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albertan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African American	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Laotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
British Columbian	20	15	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jatt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	20	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.4
Dominican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Abenaki	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Zealander	25	15	10	0.3	0.4	0.3
Sudanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Breton	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	30	20	10	0.4	0.5	0.3
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gaspesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norman	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Manitoban	15	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Honduran	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cherokee	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Flemish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Goan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azorean	30	10	20	0.4	0.2	0.5
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamileke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Libyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Basque	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igorot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guinean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maliseet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Beninese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Roma	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tajik	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amhara	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	8,210	4,270	3,940	100.0	100.0	100.0
Buddhist	35	15	20	0.4	0.4	0.5
Christian	3,690	1,775	1,915	44.9	41.6	48.6
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	435	205	230	5.3	4.8	5.8
Anabaptist	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Anglican	255	110	145	3.1	2.6	3.7
Baptist	120	50	65	1.5	1.2	1.6
Catholic	1,950	970	990	23.8	22.7	25.1
Christian Orthodox	45	15	25	0.5	0.4	0.6
Jehovah's Witness	115	65	50	1.4	1.5	1.3
Latter Day Saints	15	10	0	0.2	0.2	0.0
Lutheran	160	95	65	1.9	2.2	1.6
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	20	0	20	0.2	0.0	0.5
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	55	30	30	0.7	0.7	0.8
Presbyterian	65	20	45	0.8	0.5	1.1
Reformed	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Church	305	125	180	3.7	2.9	4.6
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	140	70	65	1.7	1.6	1.6
Hindu	45	30	15	0.5	0.7	0.4
Jewish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Muslim	110	90	15	1.3	2.1	0.4
Sikh	20	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.4
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.3
Other religions and spiritual traditions	75	30	45	0.9	0.7	1.1
No religion and secular perspectives	4,220	2,325	1,895	51.4	54.4	48.1
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	8,130	4,220	3,910	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	7,100	3,655	3,445	87.3	86.6	88.1
Movers	1,030	565	465	12.7	13.4	11.9
Non-migrants	605	340	265	7.4	8.1	6.8
Migrants	420	225	200	5.2	5.3	5.1
Internal migrants	390	215	180	4.8	5.1	4.6
Intraprovincial migrants	200	95	100	2.5	2.3	2.6
Interprovincial migrants	195	115	75	2.4	2.7	1.9
External migrants	35	10	20	0.4	0.2	0.5
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	7,810	4,095	3,715	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	4,715	2,390	2,325	60.4	58.4	62.6
Movers	3,095	1,705	1,390	39.6	41.6	37.4
Non-migrants	1,465	830	645	18.8	20.3	17.4
Migrants	1,630	880	745	20.9	21.5	20.1
Internal migrants	1,530	840	690	19.6	20.5	18.6
Intraprovincial migrants	835	430	405	10.7	10.5	10.9
Interprovincial migrants	695	405	290	8.9	9.9	7.8
External migrants	95	40	55	1.2	1.0	1.5
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	6,870	3,595	3,275	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	1,460	815	650	21.3	22.7	19.8
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	5,405	2,780	2,630	78.7	77.3	80.3
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	4,570	2,430	2,140	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	620	370	245	13.6	15.2	11.4
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	3,950	2,055	1,895	86.4	84.6	88.6
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	6,865	3,590	3,275	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	1,290	700	590	18.8	19.5	18.0
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	2,460	1,200	1,265	35.8	33.4	38.6
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	3,115	1,695	1,415	45.4	47.2	43.2
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	2,235	1,325	915	32.6	36.9	27.9
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	950	805	150	13.8	22.4	4.6
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	230	145	85	3.4	4.0	2.6
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	725	660	65	10.6	18.4	2.0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	1,080	445	635	15.7	12.4	19.4
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	210	80	130	3.1	2.2	4.0
Bachelor's degree or higher	875	370	500	12.7	10.3	15.3
Bachelor's degree	605	270	335	8.8	7.5	10.2
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	70	20	50	1.0	0.6	1.5
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	20	15	0	0.3	0.4	0.0
Master's degree	170	65	105	2.5	1.8	3.2
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	4,575	2,430	2,140	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	515	305	210	11.3	12.6	9.8
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	1,625	825	800	35.5	34.0	37.4
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,430	1,295	1,130	53.1	53.3	52.8
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,675	975	700	36.6	40.1	32.7
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	690	580	105	15.1	23.9	4.9
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	145	90	55	3.2	3.7	2.6
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	545	495	45	11.9	20.4	2.1
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	840	330	510	18.4	13.6	23.8
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	140	60	80	3.1	2.5	3.7
Bachelor's degree or higher	755	325	430	16.5	13.4	20.1
Bachelor's degree	510	225	280	11.1	9.3	13.1
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	55	15	45	1.2	0.6	2.1
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	25	20	0	0.5	0.8	0.0
Master's degree	155	60	95	3.4	2.5	4.4
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	6,865	3,590	3,275	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	3,750	1,895	1,860	54.6	52.8	56.8
Education	200	30	165	2.9	0.8	5.0
13. Education	200	30	165	2.9	0.8	5.0
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	65	25	35	0.9	0.7	1.1
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	15	10	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
50. Visual and performing arts	50	15	35	0.7	0.4	1.1
Humanities	75	20	60	1.1	0.6	1.8
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	20	0	20	0.3	0.0	0.6
23. English language and literature/letters	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.3
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	20	10	15	0.3	0.3	0.5
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
39. Theology and religious vocations	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
54. History	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.3
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	185	75	110	2.7	2.1	3.4
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	15	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.5
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	50	0	50	0.7	0.0	1.5
22. Legal professions and studies	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.3
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
42. Psychology	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
45. Social sciences	95	65	30	1.4	1.8	0.9
Business, management and public administration	480	130	350	7.0	3.6	10.7
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	75	0	75	1.1	0.0	2.3
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	405	130	275	5.9	3.6	8.4
Physical and life sciences and technologies	85	50	30	1.2	1.4	0.9
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	25	15	10	0.4	0.4	0.3
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	20	10	15	0.3	0.3	0.5
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
40. Physical sciences	30	25	0	0.4	0.7	0.0
41. Science technologies/technicians	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	35	15	15	0.5	0.4	0.5
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	30	15	15	0.4	0.4	0.5
25. Library science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	1,250	1,125	125	18.2	31.3	3.8
04. Architecture and related services	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.3
14. Engineering	150	105	40	2.2	2.9	1.2
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	260	225	30	3.8	6.3	0.9
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	365	335	30	5.3	9.3	0.9
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	300	290	0	4.4	8.1	0.0
48. Precision production	160	160	0	2.3	4.5	0.0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	55	35	25	0.8	1.0	0.8
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	25	15	10	0.4	0.4	0.3
03. Natural resources and conservation	30	15	15	0.4	0.4	0.5
Health and related fields	455	65	385	6.6	1.8	11.8
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	20	0	15	0.3	0.0	0.5
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	435	60	375	6.3	1.7	11.5
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Personal, protective and transportation services	235	125	110	3.4	3.5	3.4
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	130	45	80	1.9	1.3	2.4
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	25	10	10	0.4	0.3	0.3
49. Transportation and materials moving	80	75	10	1.2	2.1	0.3
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	4,570	2,430	2,140	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	2,140	1,130	1,010	46.8	46.5	47.2
Education	155	25	125	3.4	1.0	5.8
13. Education	155	25	125	3.4	1.0	5.8
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	50	15	35	1.1	0.6	1.6
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
50. Visual and performing arts	40	10	30	0.9	0.4	1.4
Humanities	65	15	45	1.4	0.6	2.1
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	20	0	20	0.4	0.0	0.9
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	20	0	15	0.4	0.0	0.7
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
54. History	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	155	60	90	3.4	2.5	4.2
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	10	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.5
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	15	0	10	0.3	0.0	0.5
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	40	0	40	0.9	0.0	1.9
22. Legal professions and studies	10	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.5
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
42. Psychology	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
45. Social sciences	70	50	20	1.5	2.1	0.9
Business, management and public administration	420	120	300	9.2	4.9	14.0
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	70	0	70	1.5	0.0	3.3
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	350	120	220	7.7	4.9	10.3
Physical and life sciences and technologies	55	30	30	1.2	1.2	1.4
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	15	0	10	0.3	0.0	0.5
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	15	0	10	0.3	0.0	0.5
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
40. Physical sciences	20	15	0	0.4	0.6	0.0
41. Science technologies/technicians	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	35	15	20	0.8	0.6	0.9
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	30	10	20	0.7	0.4	0.9
25. Library science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	915	830	85	20.0	34.2	4.0
04. Architecture and related services	10	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.5
14. Engineering	125	90	30	2.7	3.7	1.4
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	180	160	20	3.9	6.6	0.9
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	295	275	25	6.5	11.3	1.2
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	210	200	10	4.6	8.2	0.5
48. Precision production	95	95	0	2.1	3.9	0.0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	50	35	20	1.1	1.4	0.9
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	25	15	10	0.5	0.6	0.5
03. Natural resources and conservation	30	15	10	0.7	0.6	0.5
Health and related fields	345	55	290	7.5	2.3	13.6
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	15	0	10	0.3	0.0	0.5
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	330	50	280	7.2	2.1	13.1
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Personal, protective and transportation services	190	95	95	4.2	3.9	4.4
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	105	30	70	2.3	1.2	3.3
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	20	0	10	0.4	0.0	0.5
49. Transportation and materials moving	70	60	10	1.5	2.5	0.5
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	4,570	2,430	2,140	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,140	1,130	1,010	46.8	46.5	47.2
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	2,435	1,300	1,135	53.3	53.5	53.0
Location of study inside Canada	2,150	1,160	990	47.0	47.7	46.3
Same as province or territory of residence	1,650	860	790	36.1	35.4	36.9
Different than province or territory of residence	500	300	200	10.9	12.3	9.3
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	285	140	145	6.2	5.8	6.8
Americas	65	30	40	1.4	1.2	1.9
United States of America	50	30	25	1.1	1.2	1.2
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazil	10	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.5
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Europe	80	40	45	1.8	1.6	2.1
Belgium	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Switzerland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	40	25	15	0.9	1.0	0.7
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Europe	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Africa	15	15	0	0.3	0.6	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	10	10	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
Other locations of study in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asia	100	45	55	2.2	1.9	2.6
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	55	25	30	1.2	1.0	1.4
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	30	20	10	0.7	0.8	0.5
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania	25	20	0	0.5	0.8	0.0
Australia	15	10	0	0.3	0.4	0.0
New Zealand	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	6,870	3,590	3,275	...	...	...
In the labour force	4,265	2,340	1,925	...	...	...
Employed	3,865	2,105	1,755	...	...	...
Unemployed	400	230	170	...	...	...
Not in the labour force	2,600	1,250	1,355	...	...	...
Participation rate	62.1	65.2	58.8	62.1	65.2	58.8
Employment rate	56.3	58.6	53.6	56.3	58.6	53.6
Unemployment rate	9.4	9.8	8.8	9.4	9.8	8.8
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	6,865	3,590	3,275	100.0	100.0	100.0
Did not work¹⁸⁶	2,505	1,195	1,310	36.5	33.3	40.0
Worked	4,360	2,400	1,965	63.5	66.9	60.0
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	2,555	1,555	990	37.2	43.3	30.2
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	1,810	835	970	26.4	23.3	29.6
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.2	43.0	41.3	42.2	43.0	41.3
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	4,265	2,340	1,925	100.0	100.0	100.0
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	100	50	50	2.3	2.1	2.6
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	4,170	2,290	1,875	97.8	97.9	97.4
Employee	3,825	2,125	1,700	89.7	90.8	88.3
Permanent position	3,265	1,865	1,400	76.6	79.7	72.7
Temporary position	560	260	300	13.1	11.1	15.6
Fixed term (1 year or more)	250	120	130	5.9	5.1	6.8
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	310	140	170	7.3	6.0	8.8
Self-employed¹⁹²	340	165	180	8.0	7.1	9.4
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	4,265	2,340	1,925	100.0	100.0	100.0
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	100	50	50	2.3	2.1	2.6
All occupations¹⁹¹	4,170	2,290	1,875	97.8	97.9	97.4
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	15	0	10	0.4	0.0	0.5
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	490	100	390	11.5	4.3	20.3
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	285	200	85	6.7	8.5	4.4
3 Health occupations	265	50	210	6.2	2.1	10.9
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	435	105	330	10.2	4.5	17.1
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	90	15	70	2.1	0.6	3.6
6 Sales and service occupations	885	305	580	20.8	13.0	30.1
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	1,185	1,050	135	27.8	44.9	7.0
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	105	95	15	2.5	4.1	0.8
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	410	365	45	9.6	15.6	2.3
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	4,265	2,340	1,925	100.0	100.0	100.0
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	100	50	50	2.3	2.1	2.6
All industries¹⁹¹	4,170	2,290	1,875	97.8	97.9	97.4
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	35	30	10	0.8	1.3	0.5
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	110	75	35	2.6	3.2	1.8
22 Utilities	40	35	0	0.9	1.5	0.0
23 Construction	635	505	130	14.9	21.6	6.8
31-33 Manufacturing	820	690	130	19.2	29.5	6.8
41 Wholesale trade	85	55	30	2.0	2.4	1.6
44-45 Retail trade	320	145	175	7.5	6.2	9.1
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	155	105	50	3.6	4.5	2.6
51 Information and cultural industries	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
52 Finance and insurance	50	0	55	1.2	0.0	2.9
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	45	10	40	1.1	0.4	2.1
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	170	110	55	4.0	4.7	2.9
55 Management of companies and enterprises	20	0	15	0.5	0.0	0.8
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	195	135	55	4.6	5.8	2.9
61 Educational services	245	55	190	5.7	2.4	9.9
62 Health care and social assistance	415	45	375	9.7	1.9	19.5
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	130	45	85	3.0	1.9	4.4
72 Accommodation and food services	225	65	160	5.3	2.8	8.3
81 Other services (except public administration)	200	60	135	4.7	2.6	7.0
91 Public administration	250	110	135	5.9	4.7	7.0
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	4,640	2,515	2,130	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	4,470	2,435	2,035	96.3	96.8	95.5
French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-official language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and French	105	55	50	2.3	2.2	2.3
English and non-official language(s)	55	25	30	1.2	1.0	1.4
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	4,640	2,515	2,130	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	4,635	2,510	2,130	99.9	99.8	100.0
Official languages	4,635	2,510	2,120	99.9	99.8	99.5
English	4,635	2,510	2,120	99.9	99.8	99.5
French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	4,640	2,515	2,130	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	4,480	2,435	2,045	96.6	96.8	96.0
English	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French	105	55	50	2.3	2.2	2.3
Non-official language	50	25	30	1.1	1.0	1.4
Indigenous³⁹	15	0	10	0.3	0.0	0.5
Non-Indigenous	35	20	20	0.8	0.8	0.9
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	3,865	2,105	1,760	100.0	100.0	100.0
Worked at home	280	100	185	7.2	4.8	10.5
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
No fixed workplace address	450	360	95	11.6	17.1	5.4
Usual place of work	3,130	1,655	1,480	81.0	78.6	84.1
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	3,130	1,650	1,480	100.0	100.0	100.0
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	2,960	1,550	1,415	94.6	93.9	95.6
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	105	55	45	3.4	3.3	3.0
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	40	15	20	1.3	0.9	1.4
Commute to a different province or territory	25	25	0	0.8	1.5	0.0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	3,585	2,010	1,570	100.0	100.0	100.0
Car, truck or van	3,330	1,870	1,465	92.9	93.0	93.3
Car, truck or van - as a driver	3,020	1,730	1,295	84.2	86.1	82.5
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	310	140	170	8.6	7.0	10.8
Public transit	70	50	20	2.0	2.5	1.3
Walked	110	60	50	3.1	3.0	3.2
Bicycle	35	20	20	1.0	1.0	1.3
Other method	35	15	20	1.0	0.7	1.3
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	3,585	2,010	1,570	100.0	100.0	100.0
Less than 15 minutes	2,215	990	1,225	61.8	49.3	78.0
15 to 29 minutes	1,150	875	275	32.1	43.5	17.5
30 to 44 minutes	85	50	30	2.4	2.5	1.9
45 to 59 minutes	75	45	30	2.1	2.2	1.9
60 minutes and over	60	55	15	1.7	2.7	1.0
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	3,585	2,010	1,570	100.0	100.0	100.0
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	525	425	100	14.6	21.1	6.4
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	705	530	175	19.7	26.4	11.1
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	765	400	370	21.3	19.9	23.6
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	600	195	405	16.7	9.7	25.8
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	355	80	275	9.9	4.0	17.5
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	635	390	245	17.7	19.4	15.6
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	1,620	815	805	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	125	70	55	7.7	8.6	6.8
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	1,495	745	745	92.3	91.4	92.5
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	1,190	605	585	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	95	45	45	8.0	7.4	7.7
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	30	15	15	2.5	2.5	2.6
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	65	35	35	5.5	5.8	6.0
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	1,095	555	545	92.0	91.7	93.2

Symbol legend

...
not applicable
x
suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 30, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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