Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	Quesnel, City (CY)More information: British Columbia [Census subdivision]
	Counts			Rates
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	9,889	...	...	...	...	...
Population, 2016¹	9,879	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	0.1	...	...	0.1	...	...
Total private dwellings²	4,766	...	...	...	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	4,508	...	...	...	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	279.8	...	...	279.8	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	35.35	...	...	...	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	9,885	4,835	5,055	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	1,520	795	725	15.4	16.4	14.3
0 to 4 years	435	235	200	4.4	4.9	4.0
5 to 9 years	495	255	240	5.0	5.3	4.7
10 to 14 years	595	310	280	6.0	6.4	5.5
15 to 64 years	6,105	3,040	3,070	61.8	62.9	60.7
15 to 19 years	570	300	265	5.8	6.2	5.2
20 to 24 years	550	280	270	5.6	5.8	5.3
25 to 29 years	615	320	295	6.2	6.6	5.8
30 to 34 years	560	280	280	5.7	5.8	5.5
35 to 39 years	555	260	295	5.6	5.4	5.8
40 to 44 years	515	260	255	5.2	5.4	5.0
45 to 49 years	610	295	310	6.2	6.1	6.1
50 to 54 years	615	285	335	6.2	5.9	6.6
55 to 59 years	750	395	360	7.6	8.2	7.1
60 to 64 years	770	365	405	7.8	7.5	8.0
65 years and over	2,260	1,000	1,255	22.9	20.7	24.8
65 to 69 years	685	315	370	6.9	6.5	7.3
70 to 74 years	610	285	330	6.2	5.9	6.5
75 to 79 years	385	180	210	3.9	3.7	4.2
80 to 84 years	295	120	175	3.0	2.5	3.5
85 years and over	275	100	180	2.8	2.1	3.6
85 to 89 years	165	65	105	1.7	1.3	2.1
90 to 94 years	85	30	60	0.9	0.6	1.2
95 to 99 years	20	5	15	0.2	0.1	0.3
100 years and over	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	15.4	16.4	14.3	15.4	16.4	14.3
15 to 64 years	61.8	62.9	60.7	61.8	62.9	60.7
65 years and over	22.9	20.7	24.8	22.9	20.7	24.8
85 years and over	2.8	2.1	3.6	2.8	2.1	3.6
Average age of the population	44.0	42.6	45.3	44.0	42.6	45.3
Median age of the population	45.6	43.6	47.2	45.6	43.6	47.2
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	4,510	...	...	100.0	...	...
Single-detached house	2,690	...	...	59.6	...	...
Semi-detached house	120	...	...	2.7	...	...
Row house	250	...	...	5.5	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	175	...	...	3.9	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	1,035	...	...	22.9	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Other single-attached house	30	...	...	0.7	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	205	...	...	4.5	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	4,510	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 person	1,695	...	...	37.6	...	...
2 persons	1,555	...	...	34.5	...	...
3 persons	575	...	...	12.7	...	...
4 persons	420	...	...	9.3	...	...
5 or more persons	270	...	...	6.0	...	...
Number of persons in private households	9,685	4,740	4,945	100.0	100.0	100.0
Average household size	2.2	...	...	2.2	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	8,370	4,035	4,330	100.0	100.0	100.0
Married or living common-law	4,305	2,145	2,155	51.4	53.2	49.8
Married	3,245	1,620	1,620	38.8	40.1	37.4
Living common-law	1,055	525	535	12.6	13.0	12.4
Living common law - Never married	750	375	375	9.0	9.3	8.7
Living common law - Separated	70	35	35	0.8	0.9	0.8
Living common law - Divorced	205	100	100	2.4	2.5	2.3
Living common law - Widowed	30	10	20	0.4	0.2	0.5
Not married and not living common-law	4,065	1,890	2,175	48.6	46.8	50.2
Not married and not living common law - Never married	2,345	1,305	1,045	28.0	32.3	24.1
Not married and not living common law - Separated	345	135	205	4.1	3.3	4.7
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	720	310	410	8.6	7.7	9.5
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	660	140	515	7.9	3.5	11.9
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	2,675	...	...	100.0	...	...
2 persons	1,555	...	...	58.1	...	...
3 persons	560	...	...	20.9	...	...
4 persons	375	...	...	14.0	...	...
5 or more persons	190	...	...	7.1	...	...
Average size of census families	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.7	...	...	1.7	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	2,675	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total couple families	2,105	...	...	78.7	...	...
Married couples	1,575	...	...	58.9	...	...
With children⁶	650	...	...	24.3	...	...
Without children	925	...	...	34.6	...	...
Common-law couples	530	...	...	19.8	...	...
With children⁶	220	...	...	8.2	...	...
Without children	310	...	...	11.6	...	...
Total one-parent families	570	...	...	21.3	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	440	...	...	16.4	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	130	...	...	4.9	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	9,685	4,740	4,945	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total - Persons in census families	7,280	3,585	3,695	75.2	75.6	74.7
Married spouses or common-law partners	4,210	2,095	2,110	43.5	44.2	42.7
Parents in one-parent families	565	130	440	5.8	2.7	8.9
Children⁶	2,505	1,360	1,145	25.9	28.7	23.2
In a two-parent family	1,605	850	755	16.6	17.9	15.3
In a one-parent family	900	515	385	9.3	10.9	7.8
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	2,400	1,155	1,250	24.8	24.4	25.3
Living alone	1,695	770	920	17.5	16.2	18.6
Living with other relatives⁷	230	105	125	2.4	2.2	2.5
Living with non-relatives only	480	275	205	5.0	5.8	4.1
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	4,505	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	2,350	...	...	52.2	...	...
Couple-family households	1,905	...	...	42.3	...	...
With children⁶	780	...	...	17.3	...	...
Without children	1,130	...	...	25.1	...	...
One-parent-family households	440	...	...	9.8	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	85	...	...	1.9	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	20	...	...	0.4	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	150	...	...	3.3	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	210	...	...	4.7	...	...
One-person households	1,695	...	...	37.6	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	8,160	3,945	4,220	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	7,885	3,805	4,080	96.6	96.5	96.7
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	37,200	46,000	31,800	37,200	46,000	31,800
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	7,885	3,805	4,080	96.6	96.5	96.7
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	34,800	42,000	30,000	34,800	42,000	30,000
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	6,580	3,330	3,250	80.6	84.4	77.0
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	31,400	42,000	23,400	31,400	42,000	23,400
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	5,075	2,655	2,415	62.2	67.3	57.2
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	35,600	50,000	27,000	35,600	50,000	27,000
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	6,785	3,095	3,690	83.1	78.5	87.4
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	13,500	13,300	13,500	13,500	13,300	13,500
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	940	490	450	11.5	12.4	10.7
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,520	5,640	5,480	5,520	5,640	5,480
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	2,140	1,045	1,095	26.2	26.5	25.9
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,000	7,500	8,000	8,000	7,500	8,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	8,160	3,940	4,220	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	7,910	3,810	4,100	96.9	96.7	97.2
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	48,280	58,700	38,640	48,280	58,700	38,640
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	7,910	3,810	4,100	96.9	96.7	97.2
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	41,960	49,440	35,000	41,960	49,440	35,000
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	6,625	3,330	3,290	81.2	84.5	78.0
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	43,600	54,950	32,120	43,600	54,950	32,120
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	5,075	2,635	2,440	62.2	66.9	57.8
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	46,640	57,500	34,920	46,640	57,500	34,920
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	6,720	3,015	3,710	82.4	76.5	87.9
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	13,860	13,440	14,220	13,860	13,440	14,220
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	1,040	535	505	12.7	13.6	12.0
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,390	6,380	6,400	6,390	6,380	6,400
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	2,200	1,040	1,150	27.0	26.4	27.3
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,660	8,420	8,880	8,660	8,420	8,880
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	8,160	3,940	4,220	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	2,010	1,165	850	24.6	29.6	20.1
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	70,500	82,000	52,000	70,500	82,000	52,000
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	73,900	86,600	56,400	73,900	86,600	56,400
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	2,220	1,040	1,175	27.2	26.4	27.8
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	20,200	24,400	18,800	20,200	24,400	18,800
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	30,680	37,100	25,000	30,680	37,100	25,000
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	75.6	81.8	66.8	75.6	81.8	66.8
Employment income (%)¹⁹	62.0	67.8	53.8	62.0	67.8	53.8
Government transfers (%)²⁰	24.4	18.1	33.3	24.4	18.1	33.3
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.7	1.5	2.0	1.7	1.5	2.0
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	6.4	4.8	8.6	6.4	4.8	8.6
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	5.0	3.9	6.5	5.0	3.9	6.5
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	8,165	3,940	4,220	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without total income	275	135	140	3.4	3.4	3.3
With total income	7,885	3,805	4,080	96.6	96.6	96.7
Under $10,000 (including loss)	615	215	400	7.8	5.7	9.8
$10,000 to $19,999	1,045	405	640	13.3	10.6	15.7
$20,000 to $29,999	1,380	515	865	17.5	13.5	21.2
$30,000 to $39,999	1,160	520	645	14.7	13.7	15.8
$40,000 to $49,999	875	380	495	11.1	10.0	12.1
$50,000 to $59,999	620	285	335	7.9	7.5	8.2
$60,000 to $69,999	460	250	210	5.8	6.6	5.1
$70,000 to $79,999	420	265	155	5.3	7.0	3.8
$80,000 to $89,999	305	200	105	3.9	5.3	2.6
$90,000 to $99,999	245	160	80	3.1	4.2	2.0
$100,000 and over	760	610	155	9.6	16.0	3.8
$100,000 to $149,999	630	495	130	8.0	13.0	3.2
$150,000 and over	135	120	20	1.7	3.2	0.5
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	8,165	3,940	4,220	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without after-tax income	275	135	140	3.4	3.4	3.3
With after-tax income	7,885	3,805	4,080	96.6	96.6	96.7
Under $10,000 (including loss)	630	225	410	8.0	5.9	10.0
$10,000 to $19,999	1,075	415	660	13.6	10.9	16.2
$20,000 to $29,999	1,550	575	975	19.7	15.1	23.9
$30,000 to $39,999	1,335	625	710	16.9	16.4	17.4
$40,000 to $49,999	885	395	490	11.2	10.4	12.0
$50,000 to $59,999	665	340	325	8.4	8.9	8.0
$60,000 to $69,999	515	325	195	6.5	8.5	4.8
$70,000 to $79,999	380	260	120	4.8	6.8	2.9
$80,000 to $89,999	285	205	80	3.6	5.4	2.0
$90,000 to $99,999	235	175	60	3.0	4.6	1.5
$100,000 and over	325	275	55	4.1	7.2	1.3
$100,000 to $124,999	225	180	45	2.9	4.7	1.1
$125,000 and over	105	95	15	1.3	2.5	0.4
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	8,165	3,940	4,220	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without employment income	3,085	1,285	1,800	37.8	32.6	42.7
With employment income	5,070	2,655	2,420	62.1	67.4	57.3
Under $5,000 (including loss)	695	315	380	13.7	11.9	15.7
$5,000 to $9,999	405	160	245	8.0	6.0	10.1
$10,000 to $19,999	625	265	355	12.3	10.0	14.7
$20,000 to $29,999	510	195	310	10.1	7.3	12.8
$30,000 to $39,999	485	215	270	9.6	8.1	11.2
$40,000 to $49,999	390	175	220	7.7	6.6	9.1
$50,000 to $59,999	330	170	160	6.5	6.4	6.6
$60,000 to $69,999	295	175	125	5.8	6.6	5.2
$70,000 to $79,999	325	210	115	6.4	7.9	4.8
$80,000 to $89,999	240	165	75	4.7	6.2	3.1
$90,000 to $99,999	180	125	50	3.6	4.7	2.1
$100,000 and over	595	495	105	11.7	18.6	4.3
$100,000 to $124,999	355	280	75	7.0	10.5	3.1
$125,000 and over	235	210	25	4.6	7.9	1.0
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	8,160	3,945	4,220	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	7,715	3,725	3,990	94.5	94.4	94.5
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	35,200	46,800	27,200	35,200	46,800	27,200
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	7,735	3,725	4,010	94.8	94.4	95.0
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	32,000	41,600	25,800	32,000	41,600	25,800
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	6,575	3,330	3,245	80.6	84.4	76.9
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	32,800	45,200	24,800	32,800	45,200	24,800
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	5,405	2,815	2,585	66.2	71.4	61.3
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	34,800	50,000	26,200	34,800	50,000	26,200
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	5,730	2,465	3,265	70.2	62.5	77.4
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	10,500	11,800	10,200	10,500	11,800	10,200
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	765	385	380	9.4	9.8	9.0
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	5,480	6,200	4,600	5,480	6,200	4,600
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	8,160	3,940	4,220	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	7,740	3,720	4,015	94.9	94.4	95.1
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	47,520	60,250	35,720	47,520	60,250	35,720
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	7,775	3,720	4,050	95.3	94.4	96.0
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	40,120	49,360	31,640	40,120	49,360	31,640
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	6,705	3,370	3,335	82.2	85.5	79.0
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	45,560	58,500	32,440	45,560	58,500	32,440
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	5,500	2,845	2,660	67.4	72.2	63.0
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	46,760	59,250	33,440	46,760	59,250	33,440
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	5,720	2,430	3,285	70.1	61.7	77.8
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	10,890	11,100	10,740	10,890	11,100	10,740
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	765	375	390	9.4	9.5	9.2
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	7,820	7,920	7,720	7,820	7,920	7,720
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	8,160	3,940	4,220	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	2,015	1,160	850	24.7	29.4	20.1
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	68,000	80,000	47,600	68,000	80,000	47,600
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	74,100	90,000	52,400	74,100	90,000	52,400
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	2,165	1,015	1,155	26.5	25.8	27.4
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	24,200	32,400	21,600	24,200	32,400	21,600
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	36,120	44,400	28,850	36,120	44,400	28,850
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	83.0	88.0	75.4	83.0	88.0	75.4
Employment income (%)	70.0	75.2	61.9	70.0	75.2	61.9
Government transfers (%)	16.9	12.0	24.6	16.9	12.0	24.6
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.6	1.3	2.1	1.6	1.3	2.1
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	4,510	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	67,000	...	...	67,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	61,600	...	...	61,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	1,695	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	35,600	...	...	35,600	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	33,600	...	...	33,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	2,815	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	94,000	...	...	94,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	84,000	...	...	84,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	4,510	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	84,700	...	...	84,700	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	73,600	...	...	73,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	1,685	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	45,720	...	...	45,720	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	40,280	...	...	40,280	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	2,820	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	108,100	...	...	108,100	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	93,600	...	...	93,600	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	4,510	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	25	...	...	0.6	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	25	...	...	0.6	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	50	...	...	1.1	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	150	...	...	3.3	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	300	...	...	6.7	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	200	...	...	4.4	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	220	...	...	4.9	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	235	...	...	5.2	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	225	...	...	5.0	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	205	...	...	4.5	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	370	...	...	8.2	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	330	...	...	7.3	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	280	...	...	6.2	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	270	...	...	6.0	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	200	...	...	4.4	...	...
$100,000 and over	1,430	...	...	31.7	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	470	...	...	10.4	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	360	...	...	8.0	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	385	...	...	8.5	...	...
$200,000 and over	215	...	...	4.8	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	4,510	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	30	...	...	0.7	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	25	...	...	0.6	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	45	...	...	1.0	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	155	...	...	3.4	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	310	...	...	6.9	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	225	...	...	5.0	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	270	...	...	6.0	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	250	...	...	5.5	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	220	...	...	4.9	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	245	...	...	5.4	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	420	...	...	9.3	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	355	...	...	7.9	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	320	...	...	7.1	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	275	...	...	6.1	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	260	...	...	5.8	...	...
$100,000 and over	1,100	...	...	24.4	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	475	...	...	10.5	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	295	...	...	6.5	...	...
$150,000 and over	335	...	...	7.4	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	2,650	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	94,000	...	...	94,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	84,000	...	...	84,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.8	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	1,155	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	86,000	...	...	86,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	77,500	...	...	77,500	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	880	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	131,000	...	...	131,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	112,000	...	...	112,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	4.0	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	535	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	61,200	...	...	61,200	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	57,600	...	...	57,600	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	2,175	1,050	1,125	...	...	...
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	34,800	38,400	31,400	34,800	38,400	31,400
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	32,400	35,200	29,800	32,400	35,200	29,800
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	2,660	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	107,500	...	...	107,500	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	92,800	...	...	92,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,170	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	100,800	...	...	100,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	86,800	...	...	86,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	860	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	137,600	...	...	137,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	116,600	...	...	116,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	560	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	70,800	...	...	70,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	64,800	...	...	64,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	2,190	985	1,205	...	...	...
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	43,680	49,900	38,600	43,680	49,900	38,600
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	38,680	42,800	35,300	38,680	42,800	35,300
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	9,685	4,740	4,945	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	1,880	980	900	19.4	20.7	18.2
0 to 5 years	540	290	255	5.6	6.1	5.2
18 to 64 years	5,695	2,820	2,880	58.8	59.5	58.2
65 years and over	2,115	945	1,165	21.8	19.9	23.6
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	1,340	570	775	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	285	150	135	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	105	60	40	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	650	295	360	...	...	...
65 years and over	400	125	280	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	13.8	12.0	15.6	13.8	12.0	15.6
0 to 17 years (%)	15.2	15.4	15.0	15.2	15.4	15.0
0 to 5 years (%)	19.2	20.0	17.5	19.2	20.0	17.5
18 to 64 years (%)	11.4	10.4	12.4	11.4	10.4	12.4
65 years and over (%)	19.1	13.2	23.8	19.1	13.2	23.8
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	9,685	4,740	4,945	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	1,880	980	900	19.4	20.7	18.2
0 to 5 years	540	290	250	5.6	6.1	5.1
18 to 64 years	5,690	2,820	2,875	58.8	59.5	58.1
65 years and over	2,110	940	1,170	21.8	19.8	23.7
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	240	115	130	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	35	20	15	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	15	5	5	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	170	85	85	...	...	...
65 years and over	40	10	25	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	2.5	2.4	2.6	2.5	2.4	2.6
0 to 17 years (%)	1.9	1.8	1.8	1.9	1.8	1.8
0 to 5 years (%)	2.0	1.6	2.5	2.0	1.6	2.5
18 to 64 years (%)	3.0	3.0	2.9	3.0	3.0	2.9
65 years and over (%)	1.7	1.2	2.2	1.7	1.2	2.2
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	9,685	4,740	4,945	100.0	100.0	100.0
In bottom half of the distribution	5,470	2,550	2,915	56.5	53.8	58.9
In bottom decile	1,255	560	700	13.0	11.8	14.2
In second decile	1,200	520	680	12.4	11.0	13.8
In third decile	1,145	565	580	11.8	11.9	11.7
In fourth decile	945	455	490	9.8	9.6	9.9
In fifth decile	930	455	470	9.6	9.6	9.5
In top half of the distribution	4,215	2,190	2,025	43.5	46.2	41.0
In sixth decile	910	460	450	9.4	9.7	9.1
In seventh decile	910	480	430	9.4	10.1	8.7
In eighth decile	910	485	425	9.4	10.2	8.6
In ninth decile	840	425	420	8.7	9.0	8.5
In top decile	635	340	300	6.6	7.2	6.1
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	9,685	...	...	9,685	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.310	...	...	0.310	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.463	...	...	0.463	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.275	...	...	0.275	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.8	...	...	3.8	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	9,765	4,780	4,990	100.0	100.0	100.0
English only	9,415	4,625	4,790	96.4	96.8	96.0
French only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and French	310	135	170	3.2	2.8	3.4
Neither English nor French	40	15	25	0.4	0.3	0.5
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	9,765	4,780	4,990	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	9,650	4,730	4,925	98.8	99.0	98.7
French	70	35	40	0.7	0.7	0.8
English and French	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Neither English nor French	35	10	20	0.4	0.2	0.4
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	9,765	4,780	4,990	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	9,635	4,705	4,925	98.7	98.4	98.7
Official languages	8,965	4,415	4,550	91.8	92.4	91.2
English	8,880	4,375	4,505	90.9	91.5	90.3
French	85	40	45	0.9	0.8	0.9
Non-official languages	670	290	380	6.9	6.1	7.6
Indigenous languages³⁹	30	10	15	0.3	0.2	0.3
Algonquian languages	5	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	5	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	5	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	5	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	20	5	15	0.2	0.1	0.3
Northern Athabaskan languages	25	5	15	0.3	0.1	0.3
Dakelh (Carrier)	15	5	10	0.2	0.1	0.2
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	5	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	635	280	360	6.5	5.9	7.2
Afro-Asiatic languages	5	10	5	0.1	0.2	0.1
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	5	10	5	0.1	0.2	0.1
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	5	10	5	0.1	0.2	0.1
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	95	30	65	1.0	0.6	1.3
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	75	20	55	0.8	0.4	1.1
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	10	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Telugu	5	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	460	210	250	4.7	4.4	5.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	45	15	30	0.5	0.3	0.6
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	45	15	30	0.5	0.3	0.6
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	10	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Russian	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	20	10	5	0.2	0.2	0.1
Bosnian	5	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Croatian	5	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Serbian	5	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	5	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Ukrainian	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	120	45	75	1.2	0.9	1.5
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	70	25	50	0.7	0.5	1.0
German	70	25	45	0.7	0.5	0.9
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	35	20	20	0.4	0.4	0.4
Afrikaans	15	10	5	0.2	0.2	0.1
Dutch	15	10	5	0.2	0.2	0.1
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	10	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.2
Danish	5	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	5	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Swedish	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	220	120	100	2.3	2.5	2.0
Indo-Aryan languages	215	115	100	2.2	2.4	2.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	20	15	5	0.2	0.3	0.1
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	190	100	90	1.9	2.1	1.8
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	5	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	5	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	5	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	75	30	45	0.8	0.6	0.9
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	35	10	25	0.4	0.2	0.5
Portuguese	25	10	15	0.3	0.2	0.3
Romanian	0	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Spanish	15	5	10	0.2	0.1	0.2
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Korean	15	10	5	0.2	0.2	0.1
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	5	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	30	15	15	0.3	0.3	0.3
Chinese languages	30	15	15	0.3	0.3	0.3
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	15	5	5	0.2	0.1	0.1
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	10	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	5	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	135	75	60	1.4	1.6	1.2
English and French	30	15	15	0.3	0.3	0.3
English and non-official language(s)	95	50	45	1.0	1.0	0.9
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	5	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	9,765	4,780	4,990	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	9,060	4,435	4,630	92.8	92.8	92.8
French	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Non-official language	150	75	75	1.5	1.6	1.5
Indigenous³⁹	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Non-Indigenous	150	75	75	1.5	1.6	1.5
English and French	35	20	20	0.4	0.4	0.4
English and non-official language(s)	485	235	245	5.0	4.9	4.9
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	15	5	5	0.2	0.1	0.1
Multiple non-official languages	15	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	9,765	4,780	4,990	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	9,680	4,735	4,945	99.1	99.1	99.1
Official languages	9,360	4,575	4,785	95.9	95.7	95.9
English	9,360	4,575	4,785	95.9	95.7	95.9
French	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Non-official languages	315	155	160	3.2	3.2	3.2
Indigenous languages³⁹	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Algonquian languages	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	310	155	155	3.2	3.2	3.1
Afro-Asiatic languages	5	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	5	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	5	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	45	20	25	0.5	0.4	0.5
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	35	15	20	0.4	0.3	0.4
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Telugu	5	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	210	105	100	2.2	2.2	2.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	25	10	15	0.3	0.2	0.3
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	5	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
German	5	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Afrikaans	15	10	5	0.2	0.2	0.1
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	160	85	75	1.6	1.8	1.5
Indo-Aryan languages	165	85	75	1.7	1.8	1.5
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	5	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	155	85	70	1.6	1.8	1.4
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	20	5	10	0.2	0.1	0.2
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Portuguese	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Korean	15	5	5	0.2	0.1	0.1
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	5	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	20	15	10	0.2	0.3	0.2
Chinese languages	20	15	10	0.2	0.3	0.2
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	5	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	15	5	5	0.2	0.1	0.1
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	90	45	40	0.9	0.9	0.8
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	85	45	40	0.9	0.9	0.8
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	9,765	4,780	4,985	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	9,285	4,545	4,740	95.1	95.1	95.1
English	130	65	70	1.3	1.4	1.4
French	35	20	20	0.4	0.4	0.4
Non-official language	255	120	135	2.6	2.5	2.7
Indigenous³⁹	30	15	20	0.3	0.3	0.4
Non-Indigenous	225	110	120	2.3	2.3	2.4
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	20	15	5	0.2	0.3	0.1
French and non-official language(s)	15	5	10	0.2	0.1	0.2
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	30	10	15	0.3	0.2	0.3
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	9,685	4,740	4,945	100.0	100.0	100.0
Official languages	9,640	4,725	4,915	99.5	99.7	99.4
English	9,640	4,725	4,915	99.5	99.7	99.4
French	280	105	175	2.9	2.2	3.5
Non-official languages	960	410	550	9.9	8.6	11.1
Indigenous languages³⁹	105	50	60	1.1	1.1	1.2
Algonquian languages	15	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	15	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	15	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	90	40	45	0.9	0.8	0.9
Northern Athabaskan languages	90	40	45	0.9	0.8	0.9
Dakelh (Carrier)	65	30	35	0.7	0.6	0.7
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	25	10	15	0.3	0.2	0.3
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	860	355	505	8.9	7.5	10.2
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	90	25	65	0.9	0.5	1.3
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	85	25	60	0.9	0.5	1.2
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	15	10	0	0.2	0.2	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	655	290	370	6.8	6.1	7.5
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	45	20	30	0.5	0.4	0.6
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	45	20	30	0.5	0.4	0.6
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	15	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.2
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	15	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	15	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	15	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	175	70	105	1.8	1.5	2.1
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	115	45	70	1.2	0.9	1.4
German	105	40	65	1.1	0.8	1.3
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	50	25	25	0.5	0.5	0.5
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	25	15	15	0.3	0.3	0.3
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	15	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.2
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	265	130	130	2.7	2.7	2.6
Indo-Aryan languages	265	130	130	2.7	2.7	2.6
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	130	65	70	1.3	1.4	1.4
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	235	115	120	2.4	2.4	2.4
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	195	80	115	2.0	1.7	2.3
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	55	15	40	0.6	0.3	0.8
Portuguese	20	10	15	0.2	0.2	0.3
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	115	50	65	1.2	1.1	1.3
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	20	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.3
Korean	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
American Sign Language	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	45	15	30	0.5	0.3	0.6
Chinese languages	45	15	30	0.5	0.3	0.6
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	25	10	15	0.3	0.2	0.3
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	20	10	15	0.2	0.2	0.3
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	9,685	4,740	4,945	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	1,305	615	695	13.5	13.0	14.1
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	1,230	590	645	12.7	12.4	13.0
First Nations (North American Indian)	780	395	385	8.1	8.3	7.8
Métis	445	195	250	4.6	4.1	5.1
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	60	25	30	0.6	0.5	0.6
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	20	0	20	0.2	0.0	0.4
Non-Indigenous identity	8,380	4,130	4,250	86.5	87.1	85.9
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	9,685	4,740	4,945	100.0	100.0	100.0
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	475	230	245	4.9	4.9	5.0
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	9,210	4,510	4,700	95.1	95.1	95.0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	4,505	...	...	100.0	...	...
Owner	2,795	...	...	62.0	...	...
Renter	1,710	...	...	38.0	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	4,505	...	...	100.0	...	...
Condominium	180	...	...	4.0	...	...
Not condominium	4,330	...	...	96.1	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	4,505	...	...	100.0	...	...
No bedrooms	25	...	...	0.6	...	...
1 bedroom	595	...	...	13.2	...	...
2 bedrooms	1,275	...	...	28.3	...	...
3 bedrooms	1,230	...	...	27.3	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	1,375	...	...	30.5	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	4,505	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	1,320	...	...	29.3	...	...
5 rooms	680	...	...	15.1	...	...
6 rooms	620	...	...	13.8	...	...
7 rooms	400	...	...	8.9	...	...
8 or more rooms	1,490	...	...	33.1	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.3	...	...	6.3	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	4,505	...	...	100.0	...	...
One person or fewer per room	4,465	...	...	99.1	...	...
More than one person per room	40	...	...	0.9	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	4,505	...	...	100.0	...	...
Suitable	4,370	...	...	97.0	...	...
Not suitable	135	...	...	3.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	4,505	...	...	100.0	...	...
1960 or before	715	...	...	15.9	...	...
1961 to 1980	2,090	...	...	46.4	...	...
1981 to 1990	555	...	...	12.3	...	...
1991 to 2000	735	...	...	16.3	...	...
2001 to 2005	95	...	...	2.1	...	...
2006 to 2010	120	...	...	2.7	...	...
2011 to 2015	85	...	...	1.9	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	105	...	...	2.3	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	4,505	...	...	100.0	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	4,065	...	...	90.2	...	...
Major repairs needed	440	...	...	9.8	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	4,505	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-maintainer household	2,745	...	...	60.9	...	...
Two-maintainer household	1,600	...	...	35.5	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	165	...	...	3.7	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	4,505	...	...	100.0	...	...
15 to 24 years	180	...	...	4.0	...	...
25 to 34 years	555	...	...	12.3	...	...
35 to 44 years	645	...	...	14.3	...	...
45 to 54 years	745	...	...	16.5	...	...
55 to 64 years	895	...	...	19.9	...	...
65 to 74 years	825	...	...	18.3	...	...
75 to 84 years	485	...	...	10.8	...	...
85 years and over	185	...	...	4.1	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	4,505	...	...	100.0	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	3,820	...	...	84.8	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	685	...	...	15.2	...	...
30% to less than 100%	650	...	...	14.4	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	4,505	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	1,140	...	...	25.3	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	585	...	...	13.0	...	...
Not suitable only	100	...	...	2.2	...	...
Major repairs needed only	330	...	...	7.3	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	10	...	...	0.2	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	90	...	...	2.0	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	25	...	...	0.6	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Acceptable housing	3,370	...	...	74.8	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	4,475	...	...	100.0	...	...
In core need	360	...	...	8.0	...	...
Not in core need	4,115	...	...	92.0	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	2,800	...	...	...	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	51.4	...	...	51.4	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	6.6	...	...	6.6	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	685	...	...	685	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	912	...	...	912	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	300,000	...	...	300,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	308,000	...	...	308,000	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	1,710	...	...	...	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	15.8	...	...	15.8	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	29.2	...	...	29.2	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	17.9	...	...	17.9	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	840	...	...	840	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	875	...	...	875	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	...	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	9,685	4,740	4,940	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	615	280	340	6.4	5.9	6.9
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	615	280	335	6.4	5.9	6.8
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	475	230	250	4.9	4.9	5.1
Métis single ancestry	135	55	85	1.4	1.2	1.7
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	845	420	425	8.7	8.9	8.6
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	830	415	415	8.6	8.8	8.4
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	630	305	325	6.5	6.4	6.6
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	200	105	90	2.1	2.2	1.8
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	15	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.2
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	15	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.2
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	8,220	4,040	4,180	84.9	85.2	84.6
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	9,685	4,740	4,945	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	9,370	4,625	4,745	96.7	97.6	96.0
Canadian citizens aged under 18	1,860	985	875	19.2	20.8	17.7
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	7,510	3,640	3,870	77.5	76.8	78.3
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	320	120	200	3.3	2.5	4.0
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	9,685	4,740	4,945	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	8,795	4,355	4,445	90.8	91.9	89.9
Immigrants⁸¹	805	355	445	8.3	7.5	9.0
Before 1980	380	190	195	3.9	4.0	3.9
1980 to 1990	60	20	40	0.6	0.4	0.8
1991 to 2000	70	25	45	0.7	0.5	0.9
2001 to 2010	110	40	65	1.1	0.8	1.3
2011 to 2021⁸²	180	80	100	1.9	1.7	2.0
2011 to 2015	65	25	40	0.7	0.5	0.8
2016 to 2021	110	50	60	1.1	1.1	1.2
Non-permanent residents⁸³	85	35	55	0.9	0.7	1.1
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	805	355	445	100.0	100.0	100.0
Under 5 years	70	35	35	8.7	9.9	7.9
5 to 14 years	165	80	90	20.5	22.5	20.2
15 to 24 years	220	110	115	27.3	31.0	25.8
25 to 44 years	305	125	180	37.9	35.2	40.4
45 years and over	40	10	30	5.0	2.8	6.7
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	805	355	445	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	155	60	90	19.3	16.9	20.2
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
El Salvador	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyana	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	10	0	0	1.2	0.0	0.0
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	120	55	65	14.9	15.5	14.6
Other places of birth in Americas	25	10	20	3.1	2.8	4.5
Europe	310	125	185	38.5	35.2	41.6
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germany	50	15	35	6.2	4.2	7.9
Greece	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	10	10	0	1.2	2.8	0.0
Italy	15	0	10	1.9	0.0	2.2
Netherlands	15	10	10	1.9	2.8	2.2
Poland	10	0	0	1.2	0.0	0.0
Portugal	20	10	10	2.5	2.8	2.2
Romania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	140	60	80	17.4	16.9	18.0
Other places of birth in Europe	35	10	25	4.3	2.8	5.6
Africa	35	20	15	4.3	5.6	3.4
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	20	10	10	2.5	2.8	2.2
Other places of birth in Africa	10	10	0	1.2	2.8	0.0
Asia	285	140	150	35.4	39.4	33.7
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	35	15	15	4.3	4.2	3.4
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	100	35	70	12.4	9.9	15.7
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	135	80	55	16.8	22.5	12.4
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	10	0	10	1.2	0.0	2.2
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	15	10	10	1.9	2.8	2.2
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	115	55	55	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	10	0	0	8.7	0.0	0.0
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Europe	20	10	10	17.4	18.2	18.2
France	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	10	10	0	8.7	18.2	0.0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Africa	20	10	10	17.4	18.2	18.2
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	15	10	10	13.0	18.2	18.2
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asia	60	25	35	52.2	45.5	63.6
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	35	20	10	30.4	36.4	18.2
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	20	0	10	17.4	0.0	18.2
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	9,685	4,740	4,945	100.0	100.0	100.0
First generation¹⁰⁰	950	425	530	9.8	9.0	10.7
Second generation¹⁰¹	1,355	650	715	14.0	13.7	14.5
Third generation or more¹⁰²	7,375	3,670	3,705	76.1	77.4	74.9
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	420	170	250	100.0	100.0	100.0
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	245	120	130	58.3	70.6	52.0
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	145	80	60	34.5	47.1	24.0
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	100	40	65	23.8	23.5	26.0
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	160	40	120	38.1	23.5	48.0
Refugees¹⁰⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	15	0	10	3.6	0.0	4.0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	420	170	250	100.0	100.0	100.0
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	75	15	60	17.9	8.8	24.0
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	55	35	15	13.1	20.6	6.0
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	265	100	170	63.1	58.8	68.0
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	9,685	4,740	4,945	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	700	345	350	7.2	7.3	7.1
South Asian	295	155	140	3.0	3.3	2.8
Chinese	70	35	35	0.7	0.7	0.7
Black	55	35	20	0.6	0.7	0.4
Filipino	140	70	75	1.4	1.5	1.5
Arab	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latin American	45	15	25	0.5	0.3	0.5
Southeast Asian	30	10	20	0.3	0.2	0.4
West Asian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	15	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Japanese	15	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.2
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple visible minorities	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	8,985	4,390	4,595	92.8	92.6	92.9
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	9,685	4,740	4,945	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian	1,465	765	700	15.1	16.1	14.2
English	2,755	1,275	1,475	28.4	26.9	29.8
Irish	1,705	775	930	17.6	16.4	18.8
Scottish	2,145	1,045	1,100	22.1	22.0	22.2
French, n.o.s.¹²²	1,000	485	515	10.3	10.2	10.4
German	1,710	835	870	17.7	17.6	17.6
Chinese	80	35	45	0.8	0.7	0.9
Italian	255	120	130	2.6	2.5	2.6
Indian (India)	140	75	65	1.4	1.6	1.3
Ukrainian	555	310	245	5.7	6.5	5.0
Dutch	470	195	270	4.9	4.1	5.5
Polish	260	110	155	2.7	2.3	3.1
Québécois	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	455	255	200	4.7	5.4	4.0
Filipino	155	75	80	1.6	1.6	1.6
French Canadian	70	35	45	0.7	0.7	0.9
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	235	105	130	2.4	2.2	2.6
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	505	235	270	5.2	5.0	5.5
Métis	360	165	195	3.7	3.5	3.9
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	170	85	85	1.8	1.8	1.7
Russian	300	150	145	3.1	3.2	2.9
Norwegian	445	240	210	4.6	5.1	4.2
Welsh	210	105	105	2.2	2.2	2.1
Portuguese	60	25	35	0.6	0.5	0.7
American	195	105	90	2.0	2.2	1.8
Spanish	90	55	40	0.9	1.2	0.8
Swedish	430	140	290	4.4	3.0	5.9
Hungarian	85	30	50	0.9	0.6	1.0
Acadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	40	30	10	0.4	0.6	0.2
Jewish	30	15	15	0.3	0.3	0.3
Punjabi	50	20	30	0.5	0.4	0.6
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	45	20	30	0.5	0.4	0.6
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	195	105	90	2.0	2.2	1.8
Korean	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Romanian	55	25	30	0.6	0.5	0.6
Lebanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	170	75	90	1.8	1.6	1.8
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	130	35	95	1.3	0.7	1.9
Sikh	100	45	55	1.0	0.9	1.1
Austrian	110	65	40	1.1	1.4	0.8
Belgian	20	15	10	0.2	0.3	0.2
Haitian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindu	45	25	20	0.5	0.5	0.4
Mexican	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Mennonite	35	25	10	0.4	0.5	0.2
Swiss	80	35	45	0.8	0.7	0.9
Finnish	100	40	60	1.0	0.8	1.2
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	30	10	15	0.3	0.2	0.3
Japanese	25	15	15	0.3	0.3	0.3
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	125	30	90	1.3	0.6	1.8
Muslim	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egyptian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	35	15	20	0.4	0.3	0.4
Colombian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moroccan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	25	10	15	0.3	0.2	0.3
Syrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afghan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway	20	15	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
Newfoundlander	45	20	25	0.5	0.4	0.5
Hong Konger	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigerian	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	25	0	25	0.3	0.0	0.5
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	15	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.3
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	30	10	20	0.3	0.2	0.4
South African	15	10	0	0.2	0.2	0.0
Australian	20	0	20	0.2	0.0	0.4
Palestinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chilean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congolese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nova Scotian	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peruvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	35	25	10	0.4	0.5	0.2
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Canadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israeli	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	35	25	10	0.4	0.5	0.2
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albertan	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African American	15	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.2
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	15	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.2
Tunisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Laotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	20	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.2
British Columbian	60	20	40	0.6	0.4	0.8
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jatt	20	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.3
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dominican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	15	10	0	0.2	0.2	0.0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Abenaki	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Zealander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Breton	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania Dutch	15	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.3
Malaysian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saskatchewanian	15	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.2
Buddhist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gaspesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norman	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Manitoban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Honduran	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cherokee	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Flemish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Goan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamileke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Libyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Basque	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igorot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guinean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maliseet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Beninese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Roma	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tajik	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amhara	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	9,685	4,745	4,945	100.0	100.0	100.0
Buddhist	15	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.2
Christian	3,260	1,395	1,860	33.7	29.4	37.6
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	830	370	455	8.6	7.8	9.2
Anabaptist	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Anglican	290	140	145	3.0	3.0	2.9
Baptist	135	35	100	1.4	0.7	2.0
Catholic	945	430	520	9.8	9.1	10.5
Christian Orthodox	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Jehovah's Witness	110	40	70	1.1	0.8	1.4
Latter Day Saints	40	20	15	0.4	0.4	0.3
Lutheran	110	25	80	1.1	0.5	1.6
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	30	0	30	0.3	0.0	0.6
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	90	40	55	0.9	0.8	1.1
Presbyterian	50	25	20	0.5	0.5	0.4
Reformed	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Church	310	135	180	3.2	2.8	3.6
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	290	120	170	3.0	2.5	3.4
Hindu	70	40	25	0.7	0.8	0.5
Jewish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Muslim	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sikh	185	90	100	1.9	1.9	2.0
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Other religions and spiritual traditions	90	40	50	0.9	0.8	1.0
No religion and secular perspectives	6,050	3,170	2,885	62.5	66.8	58.3
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	9,600	4,705	4,900	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	8,420	4,155	4,270	87.7	88.3	87.1
Movers	1,185	555	630	12.3	11.8	12.9
Non-migrants	845	400	445	8.8	8.5	9.1
Migrants	335	155	180	3.5	3.3	3.7
Internal migrants	325	150	175	3.4	3.2	3.6
Intraprovincial migrants	245	100	145	2.6	2.1	3.0
Interprovincial migrants	80	50	35	0.8	1.1	0.7
External migrants	15	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.2
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	9,295	4,560	4,735	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	4,870	2,470	2,400	52.4	54.2	50.7
Movers	4,430	2,095	2,335	47.7	45.9	49.3
Non-migrants	1,890	915	975	20.3	20.1	20.6
Migrants	2,540	1,180	1,360	27.3	25.9	28.7
Internal migrants	2,375	1,110	1,265	25.6	24.3	26.7
Intraprovincial migrants	2,085	965	1,120	22.4	21.2	23.7
Interprovincial migrants	290	150	145	3.1	3.3	3.1
External migrants	160	70	95	1.7	1.5	2.0
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	8,160	3,940	4,220	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	2,160	1,120	1,040	26.5	28.4	24.6
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	6,005	2,825	3,185	73.6	71.7	75.5
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	4,940	2,365	2,570	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	910	485	420	18.4	20.5	16.3
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	4,030	1,880	2,150	81.6	79.5	83.7
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	8,160	3,945	4,220	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	1,955	1,000	960	24.0	25.3	22.7
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	2,780	1,345	1,435	34.1	34.1	34.0
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	3,430	1,605	1,825	42.0	40.7	43.2
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	2,445	1,220	1,225	30.0	30.9	29.0
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	770	610	160	9.4	15.5	3.8
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	325	210	115	4.0	5.3	2.7
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	440	400	40	5.4	10.1	0.9
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	1,445	505	940	17.7	12.8	22.3
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	235	115	125	2.9	2.9	3.0
Bachelor's degree or higher	985	380	600	12.1	9.6	14.2
Bachelor's degree	680	255	425	8.3	6.5	10.1
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	75	25	50	0.9	0.6	1.2
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	20	20	0	0.2	0.5	0.0
Master's degree	205	80	120	2.5	2.0	2.8
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	4,935	2,365	2,575	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	815	435	380	16.5	18.4	14.8
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	1,665	810	855	33.7	34.2	33.2
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,460	1,120	1,335	49.8	47.4	51.8
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,660	820	845	33.6	34.7	32.8
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	505	400	105	10.2	16.9	4.1
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	205	125	75	4.2	5.3	2.9
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	300	275	30	6.1	11.6	1.2
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	1,000	350	645	20.3	14.8	25.0
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	160	70	90	3.2	3.0	3.5
Bachelor's degree or higher	795	295	495	16.1	12.5	19.2
Bachelor's degree	545	205	340	11.0	8.7	13.2
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	60	20	45	1.2	0.8	1.7
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	15	10	0	0.3	0.4	0.0
Master's degree	170	60	105	3.4	2.5	4.1
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	8,165	3,945	4,220	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	4,735	2,340	2,395	58.0	59.3	56.8
Education	335	55	280	4.1	1.4	6.6
13. Education	335	55	280	4.1	1.4	6.6
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	45	25	25	0.6	0.6	0.6
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	10	10	0	0.1	0.3	0.0
50. Visual and performing arts	40	15	25	0.5	0.4	0.6
Humanities	145	45	95	1.8	1.1	2.3
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
23. English language and literature/letters	35	15	25	0.4	0.4	0.6
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	60	15	50	0.7	0.4	1.2
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
39. Theology and religious vocations	30	15	20	0.4	0.4	0.5
54. History	15	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.2
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	230	95	140	2.8	2.4	3.3
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	20	15	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	60	15	50	0.7	0.4	1.2
22. Legal professions and studies	35	10	25	0.4	0.3	0.6
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
42. Psychology	55	30	25	0.7	0.8	0.6
45. Social sciences	60	25	25	0.7	0.6	0.6
Business, management and public administration	600	175	425	7.3	4.4	10.1
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	120	10	110	1.5	0.3	2.6
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	475	160	320	5.8	4.1	7.6
Physical and life sciences and technologies	60	30	30	0.7	0.8	0.7
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	15	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.2
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	35	10	20	0.4	0.3	0.5
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
40. Physical sciences	15	15	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	75	45	35	0.9	1.1	0.8
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	65	40	25	0.8	1.0	0.6
25. Library science	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	870	810	60	10.7	20.5	1.4
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
14. Engineering	65	60	0	0.8	1.5	0.0
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	175	150	25	2.1	3.8	0.6
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	250	245	10	3.1	6.2	0.2
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	220	205	15	2.7	5.2	0.4
48. Precision production	155	150	10	1.9	3.8	0.2
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	170	115	60	2.1	2.9	1.4
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	40	10	25	0.5	0.3	0.6
03. Natural resources and conservation	135	100	35	1.7	2.5	0.8
Health and related fields	655	85	570	8.0	2.2	13.5
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	25	10	20	0.3	0.3	0.5
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	625	70	555	7.7	1.8	13.2
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Personal, protective and transportation services	230	125	105	2.8	3.2	2.5
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	145	40	100	1.8	1.0	2.4
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	50	50	0	0.6	1.3	0.0
49. Transportation and materials moving	40	35	0	0.5	0.9	0.0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	4,940	2,365	2,575	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	2,480	1,245	1,235	50.2	52.6	48.0
Education	240	45	195	4.9	1.9	7.6
13. Education	240	45	195	4.9	1.9	7.6
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	30	10	15	0.6	0.4	0.6
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
50. Visual and performing arts	30	10	15	0.6	0.4	0.6
Humanities	100	25	75	2.0	1.1	2.9
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
23. English language and literature/letters	30	10	20	0.6	0.4	0.8
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	40	10	35	0.8	0.4	1.4
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
39. Theology and religious vocations	15	0	10	0.3	0.0	0.4
54. History	15	0	0	0.3	0.0	0.0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	160	65	95	3.2	2.7	3.7
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	15	10	0	0.3	0.4	0.0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	45	10	30	0.9	0.4	1.2
22. Legal professions and studies	25	10	20	0.5	0.4	0.8
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
42. Psychology	25	10	15	0.5	0.4	0.6
45. Social sciences	45	20	25	0.9	0.8	1.0
Business, management and public administration	430	115	315	8.7	4.9	12.2
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	85	0	80	1.7	0.0	3.1
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	340	105	235	6.9	4.4	9.1
Physical and life sciences and technologies	35	10	25	0.7	0.4	1.0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	25	0	15	0.5	0.0	0.6
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	60	35	25	1.2	1.5	1.0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	50	35	15	1.0	1.5	0.6
25. Library science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	615	565	50	12.4	23.9	1.9
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
14. Engineering	60	55	0	1.2	2.3	0.0
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	135	110	25	2.7	4.7	1.0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	175	170	0	3.5	7.2	0.0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	150	145	10	3.0	6.1	0.4
48. Precision production	95	85	10	1.9	3.6	0.4
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	140	90	45	2.8	3.8	1.7
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	20	10	10	0.4	0.4	0.4
03. Natural resources and conservation	120	85	35	2.4	3.6	1.4
Health and related fields	470	55	415	9.5	2.3	16.1
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	25	10	20	0.5	0.4	0.8
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	445	50	395	9.0	2.1	15.3
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Personal, protective and transportation services	185	100	85	3.7	4.2	3.3
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	110	30	80	2.2	1.3	3.1
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	30	30	0	0.6	1.3	0.0
49. Transportation and materials moving	40	35	0	0.8	1.5	0.0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	4,940	2,365	2,575	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,480	1,245	1,235	50.2	52.6	48.0
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	2,455	1,120	1,340	49.7	47.4	52.0
Location of study inside Canada	2,230	1,045	1,185	45.1	44.2	46.0
Same as province or territory of residence	1,910	875	1,030	38.7	37.0	40.0
Different than province or territory of residence	325	170	155	6.6	7.2	6.0
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	225	75	150	4.6	3.2	5.8
Americas	35	20	15	0.7	0.8	0.6
United States of America	35	20	15	0.7	0.8	0.6
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Europe	55	10	40	1.1	0.4	1.6
Belgium	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germany	10	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.4
Netherlands	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Switzerland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	40	10	25	0.8	0.4	1.0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Europe	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Africa	20	10	10	0.4	0.4	0.4
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	15	0	0	0.3	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Africa	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
Asia	110	30	80	2.2	1.3	3.1
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	10	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.4
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	40	15	20	0.8	0.6	0.8
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	55	15	40	1.1	0.6	1.6
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Zealand	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	8,160	3,945	4,220	...	...	...
In the labour force	4,440	2,320	2,125	...	...	...
Employed	3,970	2,035	1,945	...	...	...
Unemployed	465	290	180	...	...	...
Not in the labour force	3,720	1,625	2,100	...	...	...
Participation rate	54.4	58.8	50.4	54.4	58.8	50.4
Employment rate	48.7	51.6	46.1	48.7	51.6	46.1
Unemployment rate	10.5	12.5	8.5	10.5	12.5	8.5
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	8,165	3,945	4,220	100.0	100.0	100.0
Did not work¹⁸⁶	3,720	1,635	2,080	45.6	41.4	49.3
Worked	4,445	2,305	2,135	54.4	58.4	50.6
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	2,080	1,200	880	25.5	30.4	20.9
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	2,360	1,105	1,255	28.9	28.0	29.7
Average weeks worked in reference year	39.8	40.3	39.3	39.8	40.3	39.3
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	4,440	2,320	2,120	100.0	100.0	100.0
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	120	65	55	2.7	2.8	2.6
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	4,320	2,250	2,065	97.3	97.0	97.4
Employee	3,840	2,005	1,835	86.5	86.4	86.6
Permanent position	3,235	1,745	1,490	72.9	75.2	70.3
Temporary position	600	255	345	13.5	11.0	16.3
Fixed term (1 year or more)	140	65	75	3.2	2.8	3.5
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	460	195	270	10.4	8.4	12.7
Self-employed¹⁹²	485	250	235	10.9	10.8	11.1
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	4,440	2,320	2,120	100.0	100.0	100.0
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	120	65	55	2.7	2.8	2.6
All occupations¹⁹¹	4,320	2,250	2,065	97.3	97.0	97.4
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	35	15	15	0.8	0.6	0.7
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	480	100	380	10.8	4.3	17.9
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	175	135	40	3.9	5.8	1.9
3 Health occupations	350	60	290	7.9	2.6	13.7
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	625	165	465	14.1	7.1	21.9
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	75	30	55	1.7	1.3	2.6
6 Sales and service occupations	1,165	525	645	26.2	22.6	30.4
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	890	795	95	20.0	34.3	4.5
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	175	125	50	3.9	5.4	2.4
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	345	305	35	7.8	13.1	1.7
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	4,440	2,320	2,120	100.0	100.0	100.0
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	120	65	55	2.7	2.8	2.6
All industries¹⁹¹	4,320	2,250	2,065	97.3	97.0	97.4
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	105	65	40	2.4	2.8	1.9
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	95	75	15	2.1	3.2	0.7
22 Utilities	25	25	0	0.6	1.1	0.0
23 Construction	265	230	40	6.0	9.9	1.9
31-33 Manufacturing	750	620	125	16.9	26.7	5.9
41 Wholesale trade	65	50	20	1.5	2.2	0.9
44-45 Retail trade	610	310	300	13.7	13.4	14.2
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	165	120	50	3.7	5.2	2.4
51 Information and cultural industries	65	35	35	1.5	1.5	1.7
52 Finance and insurance	85	10	75	1.9	0.4	3.5
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	50	25	25	1.1	1.1	1.2
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	130	60	75	2.9	2.6	3.5
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	110	65	45	2.5	2.8	2.1
61 Educational services	335	60	275	7.5	2.6	13.0
62 Health care and social assistance	625	85	540	14.1	3.7	25.5
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	70	40	35	1.6	1.7	1.7
72 Accommodation and food services	385	175	215	8.7	7.5	10.1
81 Other services (except public administration)	200	115	85	4.5	5.0	4.0
91 Public administration	165	90	80	3.7	3.9	3.8
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	4,845	2,530	2,315	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	4,780	2,505	2,280	98.7	99.0	98.5
French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-official language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and French	20	10	15	0.4	0.4	0.6
English and non-official language(s)	35	10	25	0.7	0.4	1.1
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	4,845	2,530	2,315	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	4,840	2,525	2,315	99.9	99.8	100.0
Official languages	4,830	2,520	2,315	99.7	99.6	100.0
English	4,825	2,520	2,305	99.6	99.6	99.6
French	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
Non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	4,845	2,530	2,315	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	4,790	2,515	2,280	98.9	99.4	98.5
English	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
French	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
Non-official language	25	0	25	0.5	0.0	1.1
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	20	0	15	0.4	0.0	0.6
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	3,970	2,030	1,945	100.0	100.0	100.0
Worked at home	280	115	165	7.1	5.7	8.5
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
No fixed workplace address	500	340	170	12.6	16.7	8.7
Usual place of work	3,185	1,580	1,605	80.2	77.8	82.5
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	3,185	1,580	1,610	100.0	100.0	100.0
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	2,680	1,310	1,370	84.1	82.9	85.1
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	345	175	165	10.8	11.1	10.2
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	155	85	70	4.9	5.4	4.3
Commute to a different province or territory	10	10	0	0.3	0.6	0.0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	3,690	1,915	1,770	100.0	100.0	100.0
Car, truck or van	3,380	1,815	1,565	91.6	94.8	88.4
Car, truck or van - as a driver	3,120	1,700	1,420	84.6	88.8	80.2
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	260	115	145	7.0	6.0	8.2
Public transit	35	10	25	0.9	0.5	1.4
Walked	200	55	145	5.4	2.9	8.2
Bicycle	30	15	10	0.8	0.8	0.6
Other method	45	15	30	1.2	0.8	1.7
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	3,690	1,915	1,770	100.0	100.0	100.0
Less than 15 minutes	2,645	1,250	1,385	71.7	65.3	78.2
15 to 29 minutes	720	420	300	19.5	21.9	16.9
30 to 44 minutes	120	75	45	3.3	3.9	2.5
45 to 59 minutes	80	70	10	2.2	3.7	0.6
60 minutes and over	125	95	30	3.4	5.0	1.7
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	3,690	1,915	1,770	100.0	100.0	100.0
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	315	255	55	8.5	13.3	3.1
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	640	350	290	17.3	18.3	16.4
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	1,035	515	525	28.0	26.9	29.7
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	770	300	470	20.9	15.7	26.6
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	310	110	200	8.4	5.7	11.3
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	620	385	235	16.8	20.1	13.3
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	1,920	1,000	925	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	75	40	35	3.9	4.0	3.8
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	1,850	960	890	96.4	96.0	96.2
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	1,440	745	695	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	55	30	30	3.8	4.0	4.3
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	30	10	15	2.1	1.3	2.2
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	25	15	10	1.7	2.0	1.4
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	1,380	715	670	95.8	96.0	96.4

Symbol legend

...
not applicable

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 30, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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