Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	Williams Lake, City (CY)More information: British Columbia [Census subdivision]
	Counts			Rates
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	10,947	...	...	...	...	...
Population, 2016¹	10,753	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	1.8	...	...	1.8	...	...
Total private dwellings²	5,066	...	...	...	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	4,736	...	...	...	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	330.5	...	...	330.5	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	33.12	...	...	...	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	10,950	5,395	5,555	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	1,835	945	895	16.8	17.5	16.1
0 to 4 years	580	295	290	5.3	5.5	5.2
5 to 9 years	615	320	295	5.6	5.9	5.3
10 to 14 years	640	330	315	5.8	6.1	5.7
15 to 64 years	6,880	3,430	3,455	62.8	63.6	62.2
15 to 19 years	650	340	305	5.9	6.3	5.5
20 to 24 years	695	375	325	6.3	7.0	5.9
25 to 29 years	760	380	385	6.9	7.0	6.9
30 to 34 years	725	360	370	6.6	6.7	6.7
35 to 39 years	700	340	360	6.4	6.3	6.5
40 to 44 years	635	305	325	5.8	5.7	5.9
45 to 49 years	645	315	330	5.9	5.8	5.9
50 to 54 years	705	345	360	6.4	6.4	6.5
55 to 59 years	675	320	355	6.2	5.9	6.4
60 to 64 years	695	345	345	6.3	6.4	6.2
65 years and over	2,225	1,020	1,210	20.3	18.9	21.8
65 to 69 years	685	315	365	6.3	5.8	6.6
70 to 74 years	555	250	300	5.1	4.6	5.4
75 to 79 years	385	185	200	3.5	3.4	3.6
80 to 84 years	285	110	180	2.6	2.0	3.2
85 years and over	320	160	160	2.9	3.0	2.9
85 to 89 years	200	110	85	1.8	2.0	1.5
90 to 94 years	115	45	70	1.1	0.8	1.3
95 to 99 years	10	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
100 years and over	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	16.8	17.5	16.1	16.8	17.5	16.1
15 to 64 years	62.8	63.6	62.2	62.8	63.6	62.2
65 years and over	20.3	18.9	21.8	20.3	18.9	21.8
85 years and over	2.9	3.0	2.9	2.9	3.0	2.9
Average age of the population	41.7	40.7	42.7	41.7	40.7	42.7
Median age of the population	40.8	39.2	42.4	40.8	39.2	42.4
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	4,740	...	...	100.0	...	...
Single-detached house	2,170	...	...	45.8	...	...
Semi-detached house	235	...	...	5.0	...	...
Row house	360	...	...	7.6	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	500	...	...	10.5	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	950	...	...	20.0	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	5	...	...	0.1	...	...
Other single-attached house	15	...	...	0.3	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	505	...	...	10.7	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	4,735	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 person	1,610	...	...	34.0	...	...
2 persons	1,630	...	...	34.4	...	...
3 persons	655	...	...	13.8	...	...
4 persons	505	...	...	10.7	...	...
5 or more persons	335	...	...	7.1	...	...
Number of persons in private households	10,705	5,255	5,450	100.0	100.0	100.0
Average household size	2.3	...	...	2.3	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	9,110	4,450	4,660	100.0	100.0	100.0
Married or living common-law	4,730	2,360	2,365	51.9	53.0	50.8
Married	3,455	1,725	1,735	37.9	38.8	37.2
Living common-law	1,270	630	635	13.9	14.2	13.6
Living common law - Never married	975	485	495	10.7	10.9	10.6
Living common law - Separated	70	35	30	0.8	0.8	0.6
Living common law - Divorced	205	105	100	2.3	2.4	2.1
Living common law - Widowed	20	5	15	0.2	0.1	0.3
Not married and not living common-law	4,385	2,090	2,290	48.1	47.0	49.1
Not married and not living common law - Never married	2,780	1,540	1,240	30.5	34.6	26.6
Not married and not living common law - Separated	360	150	210	4.0	3.4	4.5
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	640	275	365	7.0	6.2	7.8
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	605	130	475	6.6	2.9	10.2
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	2,925	...	...	100.0	...	...
2 persons	1,665	...	...	56.9	...	...
3 persons	565	...	...	19.3	...	...
4 persons	455	...	...	15.6	...	...
5 or more persons	240	...	...	8.2	...	...
Average size of census families	2.8	...	...	2.8	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.8	...	...	1.8	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	2,930	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total couple families	2,295	...	...	78.3	...	...
Married couples	1,660	...	...	56.7	...	...
With children⁶	740	...	...	25.3	...	...
Without children	920	...	...	31.4	...	...
Common-law couples	635	...	...	21.7	...	...
With children⁶	290	...	...	9.9	...	...
Without children	345	...	...	11.8	...	...
Total one-parent families	635	...	...	21.7	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	490	...	...	16.7	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	140	...	...	4.8	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	10,705	5,255	5,450	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total - Persons in census families	8,140	3,990	4,150	76.0	75.9	76.1
Married spouses or common-law partners	4,585	2,285	2,295	42.8	43.5	42.1
Parents in one-parent families	635	145	490	5.9	2.8	9.0
Children⁶	2,920	1,555	1,360	27.3	29.6	25.0
In a two-parent family	1,925	1,010	920	18.0	19.2	16.9
In a one-parent family	990	550	440	9.2	10.5	8.1
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	2,565	1,270	1,300	24.0	24.2	23.9
Living alone	1,610	750	860	15.0	14.3	15.8
Living with other relatives⁷	325	155	165	3.0	2.9	3.0
Living with non-relatives only	635	360	270	5.9	6.9	5.0
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	4,735	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	2,525	...	...	53.3	...	...
Couple-family households	2,050	...	...	43.3	...	...
With children⁶	920	...	...	19.4	...	...
Without children	1,135	...	...	24.0	...	...
One-parent-family households	475	...	...	10.0	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	95	...	...	2.0	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	25	...	...	0.5	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	210	...	...	4.4	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	270	...	...	5.7	...	...
One-person households	1,610	...	...	34.0	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	8,870	4,315	4,560	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	8,650	4,205	4,450	97.5	97.5	97.6
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	40,800	49,600	35,600	40,800	49,600	35,600
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	8,655	4,210	4,450	97.6	97.6	97.6
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	37,600	44,800	33,200	37,600	44,800	33,200
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	7,465	3,740	3,730	84.2	86.7	81.8
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	35,600	46,800	27,400	35,600	46,800	27,400
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	6,150	3,160	2,995	69.3	73.2	65.7
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	39,600	51,200	31,600	39,600	51,200	31,600
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	7,255	3,310	3,945	81.8	76.7	86.5
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	11,500	9,600	12,600	11,500	9,600	12,600
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	1,015	525	490	11.4	12.2	10.7
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,480	5,480	5,480	5,480	5,480	5,480
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	2,340	1,090	1,250	26.4	25.3	27.4
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,000	7,500	8,000	8,000	7,500	8,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	8,870	4,315	4,560	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	8,605	4,175	4,435	97.0	96.8	97.3
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	50,400	58,550	42,720	50,400	58,550	42,720
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	8,615	4,180	4,435	97.1	96.9	97.3
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	43,840	49,920	38,160	43,840	49,920	38,160
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	7,470	3,680	3,785	84.2	85.3	83.0
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	45,880	55,700	36,360	45,880	55,700	36,360
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	6,155	3,100	3,050	69.4	71.8	66.9
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	47,520	56,950	37,960	47,520	56,950	37,960
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	7,250	3,340	3,910	81.7	77.4	85.7
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	12,580	11,850	13,200	12,580	11,850	13,200
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	960	510	450	10.8	11.8	9.9
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,990	5,340	6,720	5,990	5,340	6,720
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	2,335	1,075	1,265	26.3	24.9	27.7
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,870	8,520	9,160	8,870	8,520	9,160
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	8,870	4,315	4,555	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	2,890	1,635	1,255	32.6	37.9	27.6
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	62,800	72,000	53,600	62,800	72,000	53,600
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	68,300	75,400	59,200	68,300	75,400	59,200
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	2,460	1,145	1,310	27.7	26.5	28.8
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	20,600	28,800	17,600	20,600	28,800	17,600
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	32,360	40,300	25,420	32,360	40,300	25,420
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	79.0	83.8	72.8	79.0	83.8	72.8
Employment income (%)¹⁹	67.4	72.2	61.2	67.4	72.2	61.2
Government transfers (%)²⁰	21.0	16.2	27.3	21.0	16.2	27.3
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.3	1.1	1.6	1.3	1.1	1.6
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	6.0	4.6	7.9	6.0	4.6	7.9
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	4.8	3.7	6.1	4.8	3.7	6.1
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	8,875	4,315	4,555	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without total income	220	110	105	2.5	2.5	2.3
With total income	8,650	4,200	4,445	97.5	97.3	97.6
Under $10,000 (including loss)	650	285	370	7.5	6.8	8.3
$10,000 to $19,999	1,025	380	645	11.8	9.0	14.5
$20,000 to $29,999	1,335	525	805	15.4	12.5	18.1
$30,000 to $39,999	1,245	490	755	14.4	11.7	17.0
$40,000 to $49,999	1,020	435	590	11.8	10.4	13.3
$50,000 to $59,999	755	370	380	8.7	8.8	8.5
$60,000 to $69,999	625	340	290	7.2	8.1	6.5
$70,000 to $79,999	530	340	190	6.1	8.1	4.3
$80,000 to $89,999	370	235	135	4.3	5.6	3.0
$90,000 to $99,999	275	180	95	3.2	4.3	2.1
$100,000 and over	815	620	195	9.4	14.8	4.4
$100,000 to $149,999	645	495	145	7.5	11.8	3.3
$150,000 and over	170	120	45	2.0	2.9	1.0
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	8,875	4,315	4,555	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without after-tax income	215	110	110	2.4	2.5	2.4
With after-tax income	8,660	4,205	4,450	97.6	97.5	97.7
Under $10,000 (including loss)	670	290	385	7.7	6.9	8.7
$10,000 to $19,999	1,065	400	660	12.3	9.5	14.8
$20,000 to $29,999	1,510	595	915	17.4	14.1	20.6
$30,000 to $39,999	1,425	580	840	16.5	13.8	18.9
$40,000 to $49,999	1,105	515	595	12.8	12.2	13.4
$50,000 to $59,999	830	445	390	9.6	10.6	8.8
$60,000 to $69,999	695	430	270	8.0	10.2	6.1
$70,000 to $79,999	455	280	175	5.3	6.7	3.9
$80,000 to $89,999	330	245	90	3.8	5.8	2.0
$90,000 to $99,999	215	160	50	2.5	3.8	1.1
$100,000 and over	355	265	95	4.1	6.3	2.1
$100,000 to $124,999	220	170	50	2.5	4.0	1.1
$125,000 and over	130	95	40	1.5	2.3	0.9
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	8,875	4,315	4,555	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without employment income	2,720	1,155	1,565	30.6	26.8	34.4
With employment income	6,150	3,160	2,990	69.3	73.2	65.6
Under $5,000 (including loss)	725	300	425	11.8	9.5	14.2
$5,000 to $9,999	475	205	270	7.7	6.5	9.0
$10,000 to $19,999	700	295	405	11.4	9.3	13.5
$20,000 to $29,999	585	240	345	9.5	7.6	11.5
$30,000 to $39,999	630	240	385	10.2	7.6	12.9
$40,000 to $49,999	590	280	315	9.6	8.9	10.5
$50,000 to $59,999	465	225	245	7.6	7.1	8.2
$60,000 to $69,999	465	275	195	7.6	8.7	6.5
$70,000 to $79,999	395	270	120	6.4	8.5	4.0
$80,000 to $89,999	270	175	95	4.4	5.5	3.2
$90,000 to $99,999	220	155	65	3.6	4.9	2.2
$100,000 and over	640	515	130	10.4	16.3	4.3
$100,000 to $124,999	380	305	75	6.2	9.7	2.5
$125,000 and over	260	210	50	4.2	6.6	1.7
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	8,870	4,315	4,560	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	8,410	4,080	4,330	94.8	94.6	95.0
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	37,200	48,400	30,600	37,200	48,400	30,600
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	8,420	4,080	4,345	94.9	94.6	95.3
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	34,000	43,200	28,600	34,000	43,200	28,600
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	7,425	3,710	3,715	83.7	86.0	81.5
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	34,800	46,800	27,200	34,800	46,800	27,200
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	6,335	3,240	3,090	71.4	75.1	67.8
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	37,200	49,600	29,400	37,200	49,600	29,400
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	6,075	2,605	3,465	68.5	60.4	76.0
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	8,800	8,400	8,900	8,800	8,400	8,900
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	915	515	405	10.3	11.9	8.9
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	5,360	5,680	5,120	5,360	5,680	5,120
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	8,870	4,315	4,560	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	8,350	4,060	4,290	94.1	94.1	94.1
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	46,760	56,300	37,760	46,760	56,300	37,760
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	8,360	4,065	4,295	94.3	94.2	94.2
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	40,200	47,320	33,480	40,200	47,320	33,480
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	7,360	3,685	3,675	83.0	85.4	80.6
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	44,960	54,950	34,920	44,960	54,950	34,920
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	6,320	3,230	3,090	71.3	74.9	67.8
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	45,480	54,850	35,680	45,480	54,850	35,680
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	6,110	2,610	3,505	68.9	60.5	76.9
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	9,750	9,990	9,570	9,750	9,990	9,570
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	845	455	390	9.5	10.5	8.6
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,520	6,720	6,320	6,520	6,720	6,320
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	8,870	4,315	4,555	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	2,860	1,620	1,235	32.2	37.5	27.1
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	60,400	68,500	49,600	60,400	68,500	49,600
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	64,500	72,600	53,800	64,500	72,600	53,800
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	2,295	1,095	1,205	25.9	25.4	26.5
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	25,000	34,000	21,600	25,000	34,000	21,600
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	35,480	44,500	27,300	35,480	44,500	27,300
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	84.8	88.6	79.4	84.8	88.6	79.4
Employment income (%)	73.6	77.6	68.0	73.6	77.6	68.0
Government transfers (%)	15.3	11.4	20.7	15.3	11.4	20.7
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.4	1.3	1.5	1.4	1.3	1.5
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	4,735	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	76,500	...	...	76,500	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	69,000	...	...	69,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	1,610	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	40,400	...	...	40,400	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	36,800	...	...	36,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	3,125	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	100,000	...	...	100,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	89,000	...	...	89,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	4,735	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	91,600	...	...	91,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	79,800	...	...	79,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	1,610	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	51,550	...	...	51,550	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	45,080	...	...	45,080	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	3,130	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	112,200	...	...	112,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	97,600	...	...	97,600	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	4,735	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	25	...	...	0.5	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	15	...	...	0.3	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	40	...	...	0.8	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	135	...	...	2.9	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	250	...	...	5.3	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	200	...	...	4.2	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	160	...	...	3.4	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	210	...	...	4.4	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	245	...	...	5.2	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	195	...	...	4.1	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	350	...	...	7.4	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	325	...	...	6.9	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	340	...	...	7.2	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	315	...	...	6.7	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	245	...	...	5.2	...	...
$100,000 and over	1,690	...	...	35.7	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	565	...	...	11.9	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	405	...	...	8.6	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	455	...	...	9.6	...	...
$200,000 and over	270	...	...	5.7	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	4,735	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	25	...	...	0.5	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	15	...	...	0.3	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	45	...	...	1.0	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	135	...	...	2.9	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	265	...	...	5.6	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	215	...	...	4.5	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	195	...	...	4.1	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	250	...	...	5.3	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	250	...	...	5.3	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	200	...	...	4.2	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	405	...	...	8.6	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	405	...	...	8.6	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	375	...	...	7.9	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	330	...	...	7.0	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	285	...	...	6.0	...	...
$100,000 and over	1,345	...	...	28.4	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	575	...	...	12.1	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	335	...	...	7.1	...	...
$150,000 and over	435	...	...	9.2	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	2,940	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	98,000	...	...	98,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	87,000	...	...	87,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.9	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	1,190	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	90,000	...	...	90,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	80,000	...	...	80,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	1,035	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	134,000	...	...	134,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	116,000	...	...	116,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	4.0	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	600	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	65,500	...	...	65,500	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	62,400	...	...	62,400	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	2,240	1,110	1,135	...	...	...
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	39,200	44,000	34,800	39,200	44,000	34,800
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	36,000	39,600	32,400	36,000	39,600	32,400
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	2,940	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	111,100	...	...	111,100	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	96,500	...	...	96,500	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,175	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	108,400	...	...	108,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	92,600	...	...	92,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,035	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	136,800	...	...	136,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	118,600	...	...	118,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	595	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	72,400	...	...	72,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	66,000	...	...	66,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	2,210	1,085	1,120	...	...	...
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	48,760	52,800	44,800	48,760	52,800	44,800
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	42,840	45,300	40,500	42,840	45,300	40,500
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	10,705	5,260	5,450	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	2,240	1,155	1,085	20.9	22.0	19.9
0 to 5 years	695	360	335	6.5	6.8	6.1
18 to 64 years	6,435	3,185	3,250	60.1	60.6	59.6
65 years and over	2,030	915	1,115	19.0	17.4	20.5
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	1,225	525	705	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	290	145	140	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	100	55	45	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	585	255	330	...	...	...
65 years and over	360	125	240	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	11.5	10.0	12.9	11.5	10.0	12.9
0 to 17 years (%)	12.8	12.8	12.8	12.8	12.8	12.8
0 to 5 years (%)	14.4	14.8	14.0	14.4	14.8	14.0
18 to 64 years (%)	9.0	8.0	10.1	9.0	8.0	10.1
65 years and over (%)	17.7	13.4	21.2	17.7	13.4	21.2
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	10,705	5,255	5,450	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	2,240	1,155	1,085	20.9	22.0	19.9
0 to 5 years	690	355	340	6.4	6.8	6.2
18 to 64 years	6,435	3,190	3,245	60.1	60.7	59.5
65 years and over	2,035	915	1,115	19.0	17.4	20.5
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	335	160	175	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	85	50	35	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	30	15	15	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	220	105	115	...	...	...
65 years and over	25	5	20	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	3.1	3.0	3.2	3.1	3.0	3.2
0 to 17 years (%)	3.9	4.2	3.4	3.9	4.2	3.4
0 to 5 years (%)	4.0	4.0	4.0	4.0	4.0	4.0
18 to 64 years (%)	3.4	3.3	3.6	3.4	3.3	3.6
65 years and over (%)	1.2	0.5	1.8	1.2	0.5	1.8
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	10,705	5,260	5,450	100.0	100.0	100.0
In bottom half of the distribution	5,700	2,655	3,040	53.2	50.5	55.8
In bottom decile	1,100	490	605	10.3	9.3	11.1
In second decile	1,140	500	640	10.6	9.5	11.7
In third decile	1,230	570	660	11.5	10.8	12.1
In fourth decile	1,130	525	600	10.6	10.0	11.0
In fifth decile	1,100	565	535	10.3	10.7	9.8
In top half of the distribution	5,005	2,600	2,410	46.8	49.4	44.2
In sixth decile	1,020	525	490	9.5	10.0	9.0
In seventh decile	1,115	590	525	10.4	11.2	9.6
In eighth decile	1,110	570	545	10.4	10.8	10.0
In ninth decile	1,030	540	485	9.6	10.3	8.9
In top decile	735	380	360	6.9	7.2	6.6
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	10,710	...	...	10,710	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.301	...	...	0.301	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.434	...	...	0.434	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.269	...	...	0.269	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.6	...	...	3.6	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	10,720	5,265	5,455	100.0	100.0	100.0
English only	10,240	5,050	5,190	95.5	95.9	95.1
French only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and French	425	190	240	4.0	3.6	4.4
Neither English nor French	50	25	30	0.5	0.5	0.5
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	10,720	5,265	5,455	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	10,580	5,200	5,380	98.7	98.8	98.6
French	85	45	40	0.8	0.9	0.7
English and French	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Neither English nor French	45	20	30	0.4	0.4	0.5
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	10,720	5,265	5,455	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	10,505	5,160	5,345	98.0	98.0	98.0
Official languages	9,505	4,690	4,810	88.7	89.1	88.2
English	9,400	4,640	4,755	87.7	88.1	87.2
French	105	50	55	1.0	0.9	1.0
Non-official languages	1,005	470	535	9.4	8.9	9.8
Indigenous languages³⁹	130	55	75	1.2	1.0	1.4
Algonquian languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	110	45	65	1.0	0.9	1.2
Northern Athabaskan languages	110	45	65	1.0	0.9	1.2
Dakelh (Carrier)	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	100	40	60	0.9	0.8	1.1
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	875	415	460	8.2	7.9	8.4
Afro-Asiatic languages	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	70	25	40	0.7	0.5	0.7
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	65	25	45	0.6	0.5	0.8
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	645	310	335	6.0	5.9	6.1
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	40	15	25	0.4	0.3	0.5
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	35	15	25	0.3	0.3	0.5
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Polish	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	10	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	185	80	105	1.7	1.5	1.9
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	115	45	70	1.1	0.9	1.3
German	105	40	65	1.0	0.8	1.2
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	10	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	60	30	30	0.6	0.6	0.5
Afrikaans	35	15	15	0.3	0.3	0.3
Dutch	30	15	20	0.3	0.3	0.4
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Danish	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	345	185	160	3.2	3.5	2.9
Indo-Aryan languages	340	180	160	3.2	3.4	2.9
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	15	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.2
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	305	160	145	2.8	3.0	2.7
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	80	35	45	0.7	0.7	0.8
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	15	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Portuguese	20	5	10	0.2	0.1	0.2
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	45	15	25	0.4	0.3	0.5
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	10	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.2
Korean	40	25	20	0.4	0.5	0.4
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	55	20	30	0.5	0.4	0.5
Chinese languages	45	20	30	0.4	0.4	0.5
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	25	15	15	0.2	0.3	0.3
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	25	5	15	0.2	0.1	0.3
Chinese, n.o.s.	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	10	10	5	0.1	0.2	0.1
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Hungarian	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	215	105	110	2.0	2.0	2.0
English and French	30	15	10	0.3	0.3	0.2
English and non-official language(s)	170	85	85	1.6	1.6	1.6
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	15	10	10	0.1	0.2	0.2
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	10,720	5,265	5,455	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	9,675	4,755	4,920	90.3	90.3	90.2
French	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-official language	235	125	110	2.2	2.4	2.0
Indigenous³⁹	15	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Non-Indigenous	225	120	110	2.1	2.3	2.0
English and French	50	20	30	0.5	0.4	0.5
English and non-official language(s)	735	350	380	6.9	6.6	7.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	10	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.2
Multiple non-official languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	10,720	5,265	5,455	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	10,580	5,205	5,375	98.7	98.9	98.5
Official languages	10,090	4,955	5,135	94.1	94.1	94.1
English	10,080	4,950	5,135	94.0	94.0	94.1
French	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Non-official languages	490	250	235	4.6	4.7	4.3
Indigenous languages³⁹	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Algonquian languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Northern Athabaskan languages	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	470	245	230	4.4	4.7	4.2
Afro-Asiatic languages	15	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	15	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	15	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	40	20	20	0.4	0.4	0.4
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	40	20	20	0.4	0.4	0.4
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	325	170	160	3.0	3.2	2.9
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	10	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	10	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	30	15	15	0.3	0.3	0.3
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	25	15	15	0.2	0.3	0.3
Afrikaans	25	15	15	0.2	0.3	0.3
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	260	145	120	2.4	2.8	2.2
Indo-Aryan languages	265	145	120	2.5	2.8	2.2
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	240	125	115	2.2	2.4	2.1
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	25	5	15	0.2	0.1	0.3
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	15	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.2
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	15	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.2
Korean	40	20	15	0.4	0.4	0.3
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
American Sign Language	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	20	15	10	0.2	0.3	0.2
Chinese languages	20	15	10	0.2	0.3	0.2
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	15	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	140	60	80	1.3	1.1	1.5
English and French	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
English and non-official language(s)	135	60	75	1.3	1.1	1.4
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	10,720	5,265	5,455	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	10,025	4,935	5,095	93.5	93.7	93.4
English	230	115	120	2.1	2.2	2.2
French	40	15	20	0.4	0.3	0.4
Non-official language	365	165	195	3.4	3.1	3.6
Indigenous³⁹	100	50	50	0.9	0.9	0.9
Non-Indigenous	260	120	140	2.4	2.3	2.6
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	25	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
French and non-official language(s)	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	20	15	10	0.2	0.3	0.2
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	10,710	5,255	5,450	100.0	100.0	100.0
Official languages	10,650	5,230	5,420	99.4	99.5	99.4
English	10,650	5,230	5,420	99.4	99.5	99.4
French	430	175	255	4.0	3.3	4.7
Non-official languages	1,375	635	740	12.8	12.1	13.6
Indigenous languages³⁹	225	85	140	2.1	1.6	2.6
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	180	65	105	1.7	1.2	1.9
Northern Athabaskan languages	180	65	105	1.7	1.2	1.9
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	175	65	110	1.6	1.2	2.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	35	15	25	0.3	0.3	0.5
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	35	15	25	0.3	0.3	0.5
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	1,165	560	605	10.9	10.7	11.1
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	120	50	70	1.1	1.0	1.3
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	110	50	60	1.0	1.0	1.1
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	860	420	440	8.0	8.0	8.1
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	50	10	40	0.5	0.2	0.7
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	45	10	35	0.4	0.2	0.6
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	240	115	120	2.2	2.2	2.2
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	160	80	80	1.5	1.5	1.5
German	150	70	80	1.4	1.3	1.5
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	80	40	35	0.7	0.8	0.6
Afrikaans	45	25	30	0.4	0.5	0.6
Dutch	35	25	15	0.3	0.5	0.3
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	380	205	175	3.5	3.9	3.2
Indo-Aryan languages	380	205	175	3.5	3.9	3.2
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	140	65	65	1.3	1.2	1.2
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	340	180	165	3.2	3.4	3.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	25	20	10	0.2	0.4	0.2
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	185	85	100	1.7	1.6	1.8
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	25	20	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
Portuguese	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	150	60	85	1.4	1.1	1.6
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	45	25	25	0.4	0.5	0.5
Korean	55	30	25	0.5	0.6	0.5
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Akan (Twi)	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	20	15	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
American Sign Language	20	15	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	35	15	25	0.3	0.3	0.5
Chinese languages	35	15	25	0.3	0.3	0.5
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	20	15	10	0.2	0.3	0.2
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	10,710	5,255	5,450	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	2,615	1,220	1,390	24.4	23.2	25.5
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	2,550	1,195	1,350	23.8	22.7	24.8
First Nations (North American Indian)	1,915	920	995	17.9	17.5	18.3
Métis	635	280	355	5.9	5.3	6.5
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	35	15	25	0.3	0.3	0.5
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	30	15	20	0.3	0.3	0.4
Non-Indigenous identity	8,095	4,035	4,060	75.6	76.8	74.5
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	10,710	5,255	5,450	100.0	100.0	100.0
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	1,610	735	880	15.0	14.0	16.1
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	9,100	4,525	4,570	85.0	86.1	83.9
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	4,735	...	...	100.0	...	...
Owner	2,840	...	...	60.0	...	...
Renter	1,900	...	...	40.1	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	4,735	...	...	100.0	...	...
Condominium	405	...	...	8.6	...	...
Not condominium	4,330	...	...	91.4	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	4,735	...	...	100.0	...	...
No bedrooms	20	...	...	0.4	...	...
1 bedroom	500	...	...	10.6	...	...
2 bedrooms	1,400	...	...	29.6	...	...
3 bedrooms	1,385	...	...	29.3	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	1,430	...	...	30.2	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	4,735	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	1,315	...	...	27.8	...	...
5 rooms	800	...	...	16.9	...	...
6 rooms	635	...	...	13.4	...	...
7 rooms	580	...	...	12.2	...	...
8 or more rooms	1,400	...	...	29.6	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.3	...	...	6.3	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	4,735	...	...	100.0	...	...
One person or fewer per room	4,685	...	...	98.9	...	...
More than one person per room	45	...	...	1.0	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	4,735	...	...	100.0	...	...
Suitable	4,545	...	...	96.0	...	...
Not suitable	195	...	...	4.1	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	4,735	...	...	100.0	...	...
1960 or before	435	...	...	9.2	...	...
1961 to 1980	2,540	...	...	53.6	...	...
1981 to 1990	585	...	...	12.4	...	...
1991 to 2000	610	...	...	12.9	...	...
2001 to 2005	95	...	...	2.0	...	...
2006 to 2010	225	...	...	4.8	...	...
2011 to 2015	115	...	...	2.4	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	125	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	4,735	...	...	100.0	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	4,330	...	...	91.4	...	...
Major repairs needed	410	...	...	8.7	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	4,735	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-maintainer household	2,680	...	...	56.6	...	...
Two-maintainer household	1,840	...	...	38.9	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	220	...	...	4.6	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	4,735	...	...	100.0	...	...
15 to 24 years	225	...	...	4.8	...	...
25 to 34 years	765	...	...	16.2	...	...
35 to 44 years	715	...	...	15.1	...	...
45 to 54 years	785	...	...	16.6	...	...
55 to 64 years	815	...	...	17.2	...	...
65 to 74 years	815	...	...	17.2	...	...
75 to 84 years	485	...	...	10.2	...	...
85 years and over	135	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	4,725	...	...	100.0	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	4,080	...	...	86.3	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	650	...	...	13.8	...	...
30% to less than 100%	590	...	...	12.5	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	4,735	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	1,110	...	...	23.4	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	555	...	...	11.7	...	...
Not suitable only	130	...	...	2.7	...	...
Major repairs needed only	290	...	...	6.1	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	20	...	...	0.4	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	70	...	...	1.5	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	40	...	...	0.8	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Acceptable housing	3,620	...	...	76.5	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	4,670	...	...	100.0	...	...
In core need	250	...	...	5.4	...	...
Not in core need	4,420	...	...	94.6	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	2,840	...	...	...	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	55.5	...	...	55.5	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	5.8	...	...	5.8	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	1.2	...	...	1.2	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	830	...	...	830	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,071	...	...	1,071	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	320,000	...	...	320,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	325,600	...	...	325,600	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	1,895	...	...	...	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	16.6	...	...	16.6	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	25.7	...	...	25.7	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	11.9	...	...	11.9	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	930	...	...	930	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	973	...	...	973	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	...	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	10,705	5,260	5,450	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	1,535	720	820	14.3	13.7	15.0
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	1,520	715	810	14.2	13.6	14.9
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	1,385	655	730	12.9	12.5	13.4
Métis single ancestry	140	60	80	1.3	1.1	1.5
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.3
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.3
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	1,165	540	620	10.9	10.3	11.4
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	1,115	530	590	10.4	10.1	10.8
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	840	395	445	7.8	7.5	8.2
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	280	130	150	2.6	2.5	2.8
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	45	15	35	0.4	0.3	0.6
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	45	10	35	0.4	0.2	0.6
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	8,005	4,000	4,005	74.8	76.0	73.5
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	10,705	5,260	5,450	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	10,240	5,020	5,215	95.7	95.4	95.7
Canadian citizens aged under 18	2,190	1,095	1,095	20.5	20.8	20.1
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	8,045	3,925	4,120	75.2	74.6	75.6
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	465	235	235	4.3	4.5	4.3
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	10,705	5,260	5,450	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	9,585	4,695	4,890	89.5	89.3	89.7
Immigrants⁸¹	955	480	475	8.9	9.1	8.7
Before 1980	400	220	185	3.7	4.2	3.4
1980 to 1990	45	10	40	0.4	0.2	0.7
1991 to 2000	110	35	80	1.0	0.7	1.5
2001 to 2010	110	60	45	1.0	1.1	0.8
2011 to 2021⁸²	290	150	135	2.7	2.9	2.5
2011 to 2015	115	60	55	1.1	1.1	1.0
2016 to 2021	175	90	85	1.6	1.7	1.6
Non-permanent residents⁸³	165	85	85	1.5	1.6	1.6
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	955	480	475	100.0	100.0	100.0
Under 5 years	135	70	60	14.1	14.6	12.6
5 to 14 years	130	80	50	13.6	16.7	10.5
15 to 24 years	240	105	135	25.1	21.9	28.4
25 to 44 years	375	200	175	39.3	41.7	36.8
45 years and over	80	25	55	8.4	5.2	11.6
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	955	480	475	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	175	60	110	18.3	12.5	23.2
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
El Salvador	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyana	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	15	0	10	1.6	0.0	2.1
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	125	45	75	13.1	9.4	15.8
Other places of birth in Americas	20	0	10	2.1	0.0	2.1
Europe	285	155	125	29.8	32.3	26.3
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	10	10	0	1.0	2.1	0.0
Germany	40	20	20	4.2	4.2	4.2
Greece	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	10	0	10	1.0	0.0	2.1
Netherlands	25	20	0	2.6	4.2	0.0
Poland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portugal	15	0	0	1.6	0.0	0.0
Romania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	110	55	50	11.5	11.5	10.5
Other places of birth in Europe	50	30	20	5.2	6.3	4.2
Africa	60	35	25	6.3	7.3	5.3
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	45	25	15	4.7	5.2	3.2
Other places of birth in Africa	15	10	10	1.6	2.1	2.1
Asia	410	210	205	42.9	43.8	43.2
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	15	10	0	1.6	2.1	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	35	25	10	3.7	5.2	2.1
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	85	35	55	8.9	7.3	11.6
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	235	120	115	24.6	25.0	24.2
Pakistan	10	0	0	1.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	25	15	10	2.6	3.1	2.1
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	25	10	10	2.6	2.1	2.1
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	170	90	80	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	20	0	15	11.8	0.0	18.8
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	10	0	0	5.9	0.0	0.0
United States of America	10	0	10	5.9	0.0	12.5
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Europe	10	0	0	5.9	0.0	0.0
France	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Africa	30	20	15	17.6	22.2	18.8
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	15	10	0	8.8	11.1	0.0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	15	10	10	8.8	11.1	12.5
Asia	100	55	40	58.8	61.1	50.0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	65	40	25	38.2	44.4	31.3
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	10	0	10	5.9	0.0	12.5
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania and other⁹³	10	0	0	5.9	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	10	0	0	5.9	0.0	0.0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	10,710	5,255	5,450	100.0	100.0	100.0
First generation¹⁰⁰	1,195	590	610	11.2	11.2	11.2
Second generation¹⁰¹	1,490	680	805	13.9	12.9	14.8
Third generation or more¹⁰²	8,020	3,985	4,035	74.9	75.8	74.0
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	550	260	295	100.0	100.0	100.0
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	330	165	160	60.0	63.5	54.2
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	180	95	85	32.7	36.5	28.8
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	155	75	80	28.2	28.8	27.1
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	185	75	110	33.6	28.8	37.3
Refugees¹⁰⁸	20	0	15	3.6	0.0	5.1
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	550	260	295	100.0	100.0	100.0
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	120	60	60	21.8	23.1	20.3
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	15	0	10	2.7	0.0	3.4
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	90	55	30	16.4	21.2	10.2
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	10	0	0	1.8	0.0	0.0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	320	130	190	58.2	50.0	64.4
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	10,710	5,255	5,450	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	955	490	465	8.9	9.3	8.5
South Asian	425	225	200	4.0	4.3	3.7
Chinese	70	25	45	0.7	0.5	0.8
Black	45	20	20	0.4	0.4	0.4
Filipino	145	65	80	1.4	1.2	1.5
Arab	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latin American	50	25	30	0.5	0.5	0.6
Southeast Asian	50	35	15	0.5	0.7	0.3
West Asian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	45	30	20	0.4	0.6	0.4
Japanese	60	30	30	0.6	0.6	0.6
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Multiple visible minorities	45	15	30	0.4	0.3	0.6
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	9,755	4,770	4,980	91.1	90.8	91.4
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	10,705	5,260	5,450	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian	1,630	815	815	15.2	15.5	15.0
English	2,660	1,270	1,390	24.8	24.1	25.5
Irish	1,690	835	850	15.8	15.9	15.6
Scottish	1,915	915	1,005	17.9	17.4	18.4
French, n.o.s.¹²²	895	450	445	8.4	8.6	8.2
German	1,625	780	840	15.2	14.8	15.4
Chinese	110	45	70	1.0	0.9	1.3
Italian	260	140	120	2.4	2.7	2.2
Indian (India)	280	135	145	2.6	2.6	2.7
Ukrainian	605	290	315	5.7	5.5	5.8
Dutch	495	225	270	4.6	4.3	5.0
Polish	270	110	165	2.5	2.1	3.0
Québécois	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	310	145	160	2.9	2.8	2.9
Filipino	140	60	75	1.3	1.1	1.4
French Canadian	70	25	40	0.7	0.5	0.7
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	370	180	190	3.5	3.4	3.5
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	995	500	495	9.3	9.5	9.1
Métis	475	205	270	4.4	3.9	5.0
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	135	80	60	1.3	1.5	1.1
Russian	180	75	110	1.7	1.4	2.0
Norwegian	455	225	225	4.3	4.3	4.1
Welsh	260	145	115	2.4	2.8	2.1
Portuguese	30	15	15	0.3	0.3	0.3
American	180	105	75	1.7	2.0	1.4
Spanish	75	40	35	0.7	0.8	0.6
Swedish	315	145	175	2.9	2.8	3.2
Hungarian	80	40	40	0.7	0.8	0.7
Acadian	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.3
Pakistani	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	20	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.2
Jewish	20	10	0	0.2	0.2	0.0
Punjabi	75	35	40	0.7	0.7	0.7
Vietnamese	30	30	0	0.3	0.6	0.0
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	30	0	30	0.3	0.0	0.6
Jamaican	35	15	20	0.3	0.3	0.4
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	20	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.3
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	140	55	80	1.3	1.0	1.5
Korean	55	25	25	0.5	0.5	0.5
Romanian	40	20	20	0.4	0.4	0.4
Lebanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	25	10	20	0.2	0.2	0.4
Danish	110	70	40	1.0	1.3	0.7
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	360	135	225	3.4	2.6	4.1
Sikh	100	60	40	0.9	1.1	0.7
Austrian	140	65	75	1.3	1.2	1.4
Belgian	30	15	15	0.3	0.3	0.3
Haitian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexican	85	35	40	0.8	0.7	0.7
Mennonite	25	15	10	0.2	0.3	0.2
Swiss	80	30	45	0.7	0.6	0.8
Finnish	95	60	35	0.9	1.1	0.6
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	15	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Japanese	90	40	45	0.8	0.8	0.8
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	35	20	15	0.3	0.4	0.3
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	105	50	55	1.0	1.0	1.0
Muslim	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egyptian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	60	30	30	0.6	0.6	0.6
Colombian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moroccan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	40	20	15	0.4	0.4	0.3
Syrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afghan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	25	0	20	0.2	0.0	0.4
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway	15	10	10	0.1	0.2	0.2
Newfoundlander	25	20	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
Hong Konger	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ontarian	20	10	15	0.2	0.2	0.3
Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	15	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salvadorean	20	10	15	0.2	0.2	0.3
African Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
South African	55	30	30	0.5	0.6	0.6
Australian	30	20	10	0.3	0.4	0.2
Palestinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chilean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congolese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nova Scotian	15	15	0	0.1	0.3	0.0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peruvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Canadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israeli	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albertan	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African American	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Tunisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	15	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Cuban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Bengali	20	15	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Laotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	35	20	15	0.3	0.4	0.3
Northern Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.3
British Columbian	30	10	20	0.3	0.2	0.4
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	15	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Jatt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	30	20	10	0.3	0.4	0.2
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dominican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Abenaki	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Zealander	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Sudanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Breton	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania Dutch	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gaspesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norman	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Manitoban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Honduran	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cherokee	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Flemish	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Goan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamileke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Libyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Basque	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igorot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guinean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maliseet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Beninese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Roma	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tajik	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amhara	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	10,710	5,255	5,450	100.0	100.0	100.0
Buddhist	25	10	20	0.2	0.2	0.4
Christian	3,655	1,590	2,065	34.1	30.3	37.9
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	980	420	560	9.2	8.0	10.3
Anabaptist	115	60	55	1.1	1.1	1.0
Anglican	295	125	165	2.8	2.4	3.0
Baptist	55	25	30	0.5	0.5	0.6
Catholic	1,145	510	635	10.7	9.7	11.7
Christian Orthodox	20	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.3
Jehovah's Witness	80	40	40	0.7	0.8	0.7
Latter Day Saints	45	25	20	0.4	0.5	0.4
Lutheran	165	65	100	1.5	1.2	1.8
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	120	50	75	1.1	1.0	1.4
Presbyterian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Reformed	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Church	255	90	165	2.4	1.7	3.0
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	355	155	200	3.3	2.9	3.7
Hindu	45	30	20	0.4	0.6	0.4
Jewish	15	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Muslim	25	15	15	0.2	0.3	0.3
Sikh	320	170	155	3.0	3.2	2.8
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	40	20	15	0.4	0.4	0.3
Other religions and spiritual traditions	105	45	65	1.0	0.9	1.2
No religion and secular perspectives	6,475	3,375	3,100	60.5	64.2	56.9
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	10,605	5,215	5,395	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	8,895	4,385	4,510	83.9	84.1	83.6
Movers	1,715	830	880	16.2	15.9	16.3
Non-migrants	1,135	560	570	10.7	10.7	10.6
Migrants	575	265	315	5.4	5.1	5.8
Internal migrants	525	245	280	5.0	4.7	5.2
Intraprovincial migrants	405	185	220	3.8	3.5	4.1
Interprovincial migrants	120	60	60	1.1	1.2	1.1
External migrants	50	20	30	0.5	0.4	0.6
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	10,145	4,940	5,200	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	5,190	2,530	2,665	51.2	51.2	51.3
Movers	4,950	2,410	2,535	48.8	48.8	48.8
Non-migrants	1,965	1,045	920	19.4	21.2	17.7
Migrants	2,985	1,370	1,615	29.4	27.7	31.1
Internal migrants	2,700	1,235	1,465	26.6	25.0	28.2
Intraprovincial migrants	2,260	1,020	1,245	22.3	20.6	23.9
Interprovincial migrants	440	210	225	4.3	4.3	4.3
External migrants	280	140	145	2.8	2.8	2.8
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	8,870	4,315	4,555	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	2,245	1,175	1,070	25.3	27.2	23.5
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	6,625	3,140	3,490	74.7	72.8	76.6
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	5,495	2,680	2,815	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	995	535	460	18.1	20.0	16.3
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	4,505	2,150	2,360	82.0	80.2	83.8
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	8,870	4,310	4,560	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	1,980	980	1,000	22.3	22.7	21.9
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	3,120	1,560	1,560	35.2	36.2	34.2
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	3,770	1,775	2,000	42.5	41.2	43.9
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	2,550	1,290	1,265	28.7	29.9	27.7
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	830	670	155	9.4	15.5	3.4
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	315	205	115	3.6	4.8	2.5
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	515	465	45	5.8	10.8	1.0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	1,350	500	850	15.2	11.6	18.6
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	375	115	255	4.2	2.7	5.6
Bachelor's degree or higher	1,220	485	735	13.8	11.3	16.1
Bachelor's degree	825	340	490	9.3	7.9	10.7
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	60	0	55	0.7	0.0	1.2
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	45	20	25	0.5	0.5	0.5
Master's degree	275	115	165	3.1	2.7	3.6
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	5,500	2,685	2,820	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	850	440	410	15.5	16.4	14.5
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	1,955	1,025	935	35.5	38.2	33.2
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,695	1,220	1,475	49.0	45.4	52.3
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,705	855	850	31.0	31.8	30.1
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	515	445	70	9.4	16.6	2.5
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	150	115	35	2.7	4.3	1.2
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	365	330	35	6.6	12.3	1.2
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	930	335	600	16.9	12.5	21.3
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	255	75	180	4.6	2.8	6.4
Bachelor's degree or higher	990	365	630	18.0	13.6	22.3
Bachelor's degree	650	245	410	11.8	9.1	14.5
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	50	0	50	0.9	0.0	1.8
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	50	15	30	0.9	0.6	1.1
Master's degree	230	95	140	4.2	3.5	5.0
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	8,870	4,315	4,555	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	5,100	2,540	2,555	57.5	58.9	56.1
Education	330	75	255	3.7	1.7	5.6
13. Education	330	75	255	3.7	1.7	5.6
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	95	40	60	1.1	0.9	1.3
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	20	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.2
50. Visual and performing arts	85	30	50	1.0	0.7	1.1
Humanities	170	100	70	1.9	2.3	1.5
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
23. English language and literature/letters	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	75	45	25	0.8	1.0	0.5
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
39. Theology and religious vocations	45	25	15	0.5	0.6	0.3
54. History	15	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.3
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Social and behavioural sciences and law	330	85	245	3.7	2.0	5.4
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	75	0	75	0.8	0.0	1.6
22. Legal professions and studies	55	0	45	0.6	0.0	1.0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
42. Psychology	60	20	35	0.7	0.5	0.8
45. Social sciences	125	55	70	1.4	1.3	1.5
Business, management and public administration	665	160	510	7.5	3.7	11.2
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	90	10	85	1.0	0.2	1.9
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	575	150	420	6.5	3.5	9.2
Physical and life sciences and technologies	120	55	70	1.4	1.3	1.5
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	60	20	45	0.7	0.5	1.0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	30	10	20	0.3	0.2	0.4
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
40. Physical sciences	25	20	0	0.3	0.5	0.0
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	40	20	20	0.5	0.5	0.4
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	25	10	15	0.3	0.2	0.3
25. Library science	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
27. Mathematics and statistics	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	900	845	50	10.1	19.6	1.1
04. Architecture and related services	15	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.2
14. Engineering	60	60	0	0.7	1.4	0.0
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	145	120	25	1.6	2.8	0.5
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	215	200	10	2.4	4.6	0.2
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	310	305	0	3.5	7.1	0.0
48. Precision production	155	150	0	1.7	3.5	0.0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	225	145	80	2.5	3.4	1.8
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	75	25	50	0.8	0.6	1.1
03. Natural resources and conservation	150	120	30	1.7	2.8	0.7
Health and related fields	635	95	540	7.2	2.2	11.9
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	20	0	20	0.2	0.0	0.4
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	610	90	520	6.9	2.1	11.4
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Personal, protective and transportation services	250	150	100	2.8	3.5	2.2
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	125	40	85	1.4	0.9	1.9
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	40	30	15	0.5	0.7	0.3
49. Transportation and materials moving	85	85	0	1.0	2.0	0.0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	5,500	2,680	2,815	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	2,805	1,465	1,340	51.0	54.7	47.6
Education	240	55	185	4.4	2.1	6.6
13. Education	240	55	185	4.4	2.1	6.6
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	85	30	55	1.5	1.1	2.0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	20	10	10	0.4	0.4	0.4
50. Visual and performing arts	70	25	50	1.3	0.9	1.8
Humanities	95	60	30	1.7	2.2	1.1
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
23. English language and literature/letters	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	30	20	10	0.5	0.7	0.4
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
39. Theology and religious vocations	30	25	0	0.5	0.9	0.0
54. History	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	265	70	190	4.8	2.6	6.7
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	60	0	60	1.1	0.0	2.1
22. Legal professions and studies	45	0	45	0.8	0.0	1.6
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
42. Psychology	50	25	25	0.9	0.9	0.9
45. Social sciences	100	45	50	1.8	1.7	1.8
Business, management and public administration	485	110	375	8.8	4.1	13.3
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	85	10	75	1.5	0.4	2.7
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	405	105	300	7.4	3.9	10.7
Physical and life sciences and technologies	90	30	60	1.6	1.1	2.1
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	50	15	35	0.9	0.6	1.2
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	15	0	15	0.3	0.0	0.5
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
40. Physical sciences	25	20	0	0.5	0.7	0.0
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	25	15	10	0.5	0.6	0.4
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	10	10	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
25. Library science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	630	595	35	11.5	22.2	1.2
04. Architecture and related services	10	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.4
14. Engineering	65	65	0	1.2	2.4	0.0
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	90	75	15	1.6	2.8	0.5
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	150	140	10	2.7	5.2	0.4
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	240	235	0	4.4	8.8	0.0
48. Precision production	75	75	0	1.4	2.8	0.0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	160	100	60	2.9	3.7	2.1
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	55	15	40	1.0	0.6	1.4
03. Natural resources and conservation	110	85	25	2.0	3.2	0.9
Health and related fields	455	60	395	8.3	2.2	14.0
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	20	0	20	0.4	0.0	0.7
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	430	55	375	7.8	2.1	13.3
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Personal, protective and transportation services	170	95	75	3.1	3.5	2.7
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	90	30	60	1.6	1.1	2.1
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	35	20	15	0.6	0.7	0.5
49. Transportation and materials moving	50	45	0	0.9	1.7	0.0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	5,500	2,680	2,815	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,805	1,465	1,340	51.0	54.7	47.6
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	2,695	1,220	1,480	49.0	45.5	52.6
Location of study inside Canada	2,345	1,050	1,285	42.6	39.2	45.6
Same as province or territory of residence	1,940	860	1,080	35.3	32.1	38.4
Different than province or territory of residence	405	195	210	7.4	7.3	7.5
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	355	165	185	6.5	6.2	6.6
Americas	80	45	35	1.5	1.7	1.2
United States of America	65	45	25	1.2	1.7	0.9
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Europe	70	30	40	1.3	1.1	1.4
Belgium	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Netherlands	10	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.5
Switzerland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	25	15	10	0.5	0.6	0.4
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Europe	15	10	10	0.3	0.4	0.4
Africa	25	10	15	0.5	0.4	0.5
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	25	10	15	0.5	0.4	0.5
Other locations of study in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asia	155	70	85	2.8	2.6	3.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	20	10	0	0.4	0.4	0.0
Philippines	65	25	40	1.2	0.9	1.4
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	60	30	30	1.1	1.1	1.1
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania	20	10	10	0.4	0.4	0.4
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Zealand	20	10	10	0.4	0.4	0.4
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	8,870	4,315	4,560	...	...	...
In the labour force	5,405	2,800	2,605	...	...	...
Employed	4,975	2,575	2,400	...	...	...
Unemployed	425	225	200	...	...	...
Not in the labour force	3,465	1,515	1,955	...	...	...
Participation rate	60.9	64.9	57.1	60.9	64.9	57.1
Employment rate	56.1	59.7	52.6	56.1	59.7	52.6
Unemployment rate	7.9	8.0	7.7	7.9	8.0	7.7
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	8,870	4,315	4,555	100.0	100.0	100.0
Did not work¹⁸⁶	3,330	1,420	1,905	37.5	32.9	41.8
Worked	5,545	2,895	2,655	62.5	67.1	58.3
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	2,945	1,670	1,270	33.2	38.7	27.9
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	2,600	1,220	1,385	29.3	28.3	30.4
Average weeks worked in reference year	41.7	42.6	40.7	41.7	42.6	40.7
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	5,400	2,800	2,600	100.0	100.0	100.0
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	100	45	60	1.9	1.6	2.3
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	5,305	2,755	2,545	98.2	98.4	97.9
Employee	4,790	2,480	2,315	88.7	88.6	89.0
Permanent position	4,050	2,150	1,905	75.0	76.8	73.3
Temporary position	745	335	410	13.8	12.0	15.8
Fixed term (1 year or more)	150	70	75	2.8	2.5	2.9
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	595	265	330	11.0	9.5	12.7
Self-employed¹⁹²	515	280	235	9.5	10.0	9.0
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	5,400	2,800	2,600	100.0	100.0	100.0
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	100	45	60	1.9	1.6	2.3
All occupations¹⁹¹	5,305	2,755	2,545	98.2	98.4	97.9
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	60	35	30	1.1	1.3	1.2
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	725	200	520	13.4	7.1	20.0
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	295	230	65	5.5	8.2	2.5
3 Health occupations	425	50	375	7.9	1.8	14.4
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	655	190	470	12.1	6.8	18.1
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	100	25	75	1.9	0.9	2.9
6 Sales and service occupations	1,440	580	855	26.7	20.7	32.9
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	1,005	905	95	18.6	32.3	3.7
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	235	215	15	4.4	7.7	0.6
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	380	330	50	7.0	11.8	1.9
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	5,400	2,800	2,600	100.0	100.0	100.0
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	100	45	60	1.9	1.6	2.3
All industries¹⁹¹	5,305	2,755	2,545	98.2	98.4	97.9
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	285	240	40	5.3	8.6	1.5
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	275	245	35	5.1	8.8	1.3
22 Utilities	20	15	0	0.4	0.5	0.0
23 Construction	335	300	35	6.2	10.7	1.3
31-33 Manufacturing	580	480	100	10.7	17.1	3.8
41 Wholesale trade	125	85	40	2.3	3.0	1.5
44-45 Retail trade	720	365	355	13.3	13.0	13.7
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	170	110	60	3.1	3.9	2.3
51 Information and cultural industries	50	35	10	0.9	1.3	0.4
52 Finance and insurance	120	20	90	2.2	0.7	3.5
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	35	20	15	0.6	0.7	0.6
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	210	90	120	3.9	3.2	4.6
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	150	100	50	2.8	3.6	1.9
61 Educational services	325	100	225	6.0	3.6	8.7
62 Health care and social assistance	790	130	660	14.6	4.6	25.4
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	95	25	70	1.8	0.9	2.7
72 Accommodation and food services	380	130	250	7.0	4.6	9.6
81 Other services (except public administration)	225	110	115	4.2	3.9	4.4
91 Public administration	410	150	260	7.6	5.4	10.0
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	5,935	3,060	2,870	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	5,845	3,015	2,830	98.5	98.5	98.6
French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-official language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and French	20	15	10	0.3	0.5	0.3
English and non-official language(s)	70	40	30	1.2	1.3	1.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	5,935	3,060	2,870	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	5,925	3,060	2,870	99.8	100.0	100.0
Official languages	5,920	3,050	2,865	99.7	99.7	99.8
English	5,910	3,050	2,860	99.6	99.7	99.7
French	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
Non-official languages	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	5,935	3,060	2,870	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	5,845	3,015	2,835	98.5	98.5	98.8
English	15	10	0	0.3	0.3	0.0
French	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
Non-official language	60	30	30	1.0	1.0	1.0
Indigenous³⁹	25	10	20	0.4	0.3	0.7
Non-Indigenous	30	20	10	0.5	0.7	0.3
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	4,975	2,575	2,400	100.0	100.0	100.0
Worked at home	385	170	215	7.7	6.6	9.0
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
No fixed workplace address	530	385	150	10.7	15.0	6.3
Usual place of work	4,055	2,025	2,030	81.5	78.6	84.6
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	4,055	2,025	2,030	100.0	100.0	100.0
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	3,500	1,610	1,885	86.3	79.5	92.9
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	420	315	105	10.4	15.6	5.2
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	115	75	40	2.8	3.7	2.0
Commute to a different province or territory	20	20	0	0.5	1.0	0.0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	4,590	2,405	2,180	100.0	100.0	100.0
Car, truck or van	3,980	2,035	1,945	86.7	84.6	89.2
Car, truck or van - as a driver	3,600	1,865	1,735	78.4	77.5	79.6
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	375	170	210	8.2	7.1	9.6
Public transit	155	135	10	3.4	5.6	0.5
Walked	335	145	185	7.3	6.0	8.5
Bicycle	45	30	15	1.0	1.2	0.7
Other method	80	55	25	1.7	2.3	1.1
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	4,590	2,405	2,180	100.0	100.0	100.0
Less than 15 minutes	3,375	1,570	1,810	73.5	65.3	83.0
15 to 29 minutes	680	405	270	14.8	16.8	12.4
30 to 44 minutes	155	120	35	3.4	5.0	1.6
45 to 59 minutes	150	110	40	3.3	4.6	1.8
60 minutes and over	230	205	30	5.0	8.5	1.4
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	4,590	2,405	2,180	100.0	100.0	100.0
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	470	375	90	10.2	15.6	4.1
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	540	345	195	11.8	14.3	8.9
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	1,190	680	510	25.9	28.3	23.4
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	1,145	405	740	24.9	16.8	33.9
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	515	195	325	11.2	8.1	14.9
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	725	410	320	15.8	17.0	14.7
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	2,280	1,175	1,105	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	120	50	65	5.3	4.3	5.9
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	2,160	1,125	1,040	94.7	95.7	94.1
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	1,655	860	800	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	90	35	55	5.4	4.1	6.9
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	35	15	20	2.1	1.7	2.5
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	55	20	35	3.3	2.3	4.4
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	1,565	815	745	94.6	94.8	93.1

Symbol legend

...
not applicable

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 30, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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