Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	Columbia-Shuswap C, Regional district electoral area (RDA)More information: British Columbia [Census subdivision]
	Counts			Rates
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	8,919	...	...	...	...	...
Population, 2016¹	7,921	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	12.6	...	...	12.6	...	...
Total private dwellings²	5,308	...	...	...	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	3,999	...	...	...	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	17.6	...	...	17.6	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	506.10	...	...	...	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	8,920	4,450	4,470	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	1,005	490	515	11.3	11.0	11.5
0 to 4 years	305	145	160	3.4	3.3	3.6
5 to 9 years	345	165	180	3.9	3.7	4.0
10 to 14 years	360	180	180	4.0	4.0	4.0
15 to 64 years	4,870	2,340	2,530	54.6	52.6	56.6
15 to 19 years	310	150	155	3.5	3.4	3.5
20 to 24 years	245	135	105	2.7	3.0	2.3
25 to 29 years	245	115	135	2.7	2.6	3.0
30 to 34 years	330	175	160	3.7	3.9	3.6
35 to 39 years	420	205	215	4.7	4.6	4.8
40 to 44 years	400	185	210	4.5	4.2	4.7
45 to 49 years	385	215	170	4.3	4.8	3.8
50 to 54 years	520	240	280	5.8	5.4	6.3
55 to 59 years	875	380	490	9.8	8.5	11.0
60 to 64 years	1,145	535	610	12.8	12.0	13.6
65 years and over	3,040	1,615	1,425	34.1	36.3	31.9
65 to 69 years	1,095	565	530	12.3	12.7	11.9
70 to 74 years	905	465	440	10.1	10.4	9.8
75 to 79 years	590	335	255	6.6	7.5	5.7
80 to 84 years	285	155	130	3.2	3.5	2.9
85 years and over	165	90	70	1.8	2.0	1.6
85 to 89 years	105	65	35	1.2	1.5	0.8
90 to 94 years	45	20	25	0.5	0.4	0.6
95 to 99 years	15	5	5	0.2	0.1	0.1
100 years and over	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	11.3	11.0	11.5	11.3	11.0	11.5
15 to 64 years	54.6	52.6	56.6	54.6	52.6	56.6
65 years and over	34.1	36.3	31.9	34.1	36.3	31.9
85 years and over	1.8	2.0	1.6	1.8	2.0	1.6
Average age of the population	51.6	52.0	51.1	51.6	52.0	51.1
Median age of the population	58.8	59.2	58.0	58.8	59.2	58.0
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	3,995	...	...	100.0	...	...
Single-detached house	3,430	...	...	85.9	...	...
Semi-detached house	95	...	...	2.4	...	...
Row house	30	...	...	0.8	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	10	...	...	0.3	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	25	...	...	0.6	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Other single-attached house	10	...	...	0.3	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	405	...	...	10.1	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	4,000	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 person	970	...	...	24.3	...	...
2 persons	2,080	...	...	52.0	...	...
3 persons	410	...	...	10.3	...	...
4 persons	325	...	...	8.1	...	...
5 or more persons	220	...	...	5.5	...	...
Number of persons in private households	8,870	4,420	4,455	100.0	100.0	100.0
Average household size	2.2	...	...	2.2	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	7,915	3,955	3,955	100.0	100.0	100.0
Married or living common-law	5,635	2,815	2,820	71.2	71.2	71.3
Married	4,715	2,360	2,355	59.6	59.7	59.5
Living common-law	925	455	465	11.7	11.5	11.8
Living common law - Never married	510	245	265	6.4	6.2	6.7
Living common law - Separated	30	15	20	0.4	0.4	0.5
Living common law - Divorced	330	175	150	4.2	4.4	3.8
Living common law - Widowed	50	20	30	0.6	0.5	0.8
Not married and not living common-law	2,275	1,145	1,135	28.7	29.0	28.7
Not married and not living common law - Never married	1,185	695	495	15.0	17.6	12.5
Not married and not living common law - Separated	180	95	85	2.3	2.4	2.1
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	485	225	260	6.1	5.7	6.6
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	430	130	305	5.4	3.3	7.7
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	2,995	...	...	100.0	...	...
2 persons	2,195	...	...	73.3	...	...
3 persons	355	...	...	11.9	...	...
4 persons	295	...	...	9.8	...	...
5 or more persons	150	...	...	5.0	...	...
Average size of census families	2.5	...	...	2.5	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.8	...	...	1.8	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	2,995	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total couple families	2,780	...	...	92.8	...	...
Married couples	2,315	...	...	77.3	...	...
With children⁶	580	...	...	19.4	...	...
Without children	1,740	...	...	58.1	...	...
Common-law couples	460	...	...	15.4	...	...
With children⁶	140	...	...	4.7	...	...
Without children	320	...	...	10.7	...	...
Total one-parent families	215	...	...	7.2	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	145	...	...	4.8	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	70	...	...	2.3	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	8,870	4,420	4,455	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total - Persons in census families	7,450	3,715	3,735	84.0	84.0	83.8
Married spouses or common-law partners	5,550	2,770	2,780	62.6	62.7	62.4
Parents in one-parent families	220	75	140	2.5	1.7	3.1
Children⁶	1,680	870	810	18.9	19.7	18.2
In a two-parent family	1,345	690	660	15.2	15.6	14.8
In a one-parent family	330	185	150	3.7	4.2	3.4
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	1,420	700	720	16.0	15.8	16.2
Living alone	965	485	480	10.9	11.0	10.8
Living with other relatives⁷	150	55	95	1.7	1.2	2.1
Living with non-relatives only	300	160	140	3.4	3.6	3.1
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	4,000	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	2,675	...	...	66.9	...	...
Couple-family households	2,515	...	...	62.9	...	...
With children⁶	640	...	...	16.0	...	...
Without children	1,880	...	...	47.0	...	...
One-parent-family households	155	...	...	3.9	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	80	...	...	2.0	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	25	...	...	0.6	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	130	...	...	3.3	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	120	...	...	3.0	...	...
One-person households	965	...	...	24.1	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	7,865	3,930	3,935	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	7,695	3,865	3,830	97.8	98.3	97.3
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	36,000	44,400	30,600	36,000	44,400	30,600
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	7,700	3,865	3,830	97.9	98.3	97.3
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	33,600	40,400	28,400	33,600	40,400	28,400
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	6,905	3,540	3,365	87.8	90.1	85.5
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	26,600	34,400	20,200	26,600	34,400	20,200
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	4,355	2,285	2,070	55.4	58.1	52.6
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	26,400	34,400	21,000	26,400	34,400	21,000
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	6,660	3,275	3,380	84.7	83.3	85.9
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	13,900	15,000	13,100	13,900	15,000	13,100
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	765	395	365	9.7	10.1	9.3
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,720	6,000	5,480	5,720	6,000	5,480
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	1,660	855	805	21.1	21.8	20.5
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	7,795	3,890	3,900	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	7,620	3,835	3,785	97.8	98.6	97.1
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	47,760	56,300	39,080	47,760	56,300	39,080
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	7,620	3,835	3,785	97.8	98.6	97.1
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	41,440	48,160	34,640	41,440	48,160	34,640
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	6,845	3,530	3,315	87.8	90.7	85.0
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	40,200	48,400	31,480	40,200	48,400	31,480
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	4,290	2,260	2,025	55.0	58.1	51.9
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	40,800	49,080	31,600	40,800	49,080	31,600
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	6,670	3,280	3,385	85.6	84.3	86.8
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	13,260	13,680	12,860	13,260	13,680	12,860
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	820	415	405	10.5	10.7	10.4
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,100	7,640	6,520	7,100	7,640	6,520
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	1,685	840	850	21.6	21.6	21.8
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	9,100	8,920	9,260	9,100	8,920	9,260
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	7,795	3,895	3,900	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	1,520	915	600	19.5	23.5	15.4
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	60,000	62,400	54,800	60,000	62,400	54,800
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	64,900	70,800	55,800	64,900	70,800	55,800
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	1,965	885	1,070	25.2	22.7	27.4
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	18,400	24,600	13,600	18,400	24,600	13,600
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	33,480	44,900	24,080	33,480	44,900	24,080
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	75.6	79.2	70.6	75.6	79.2	70.6
Employment income (%)¹⁹	48.1	51.4	43.2	48.1	51.4	43.2
Government transfers (%)²⁰	24.3	20.8	29.5	24.3	20.8	29.5
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.6	1.5	1.8	1.6	1.5	1.8
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	5.4	4.4	6.9	5.4	4.4	6.9
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	4.2	3.5	5.3	4.2	3.5	5.3
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	7,865	3,925	3,935	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without total income	170	60	105	2.2	1.5	2.7
With total income	7,695	3,865	3,830	97.8	98.5	97.3
Under $10,000 (including loss)	640	245	400	8.3	6.3	10.4
$10,000 to $19,999	1,135	405	730	14.7	10.5	19.1
$20,000 to $29,999	1,345	590	755	17.5	15.3	19.7
$30,000 to $39,999	1,115	505	605	14.5	13.1	15.8
$40,000 to $49,999	845	440	405	11.0	11.4	10.6
$50,000 to $59,999	655	380	275	8.5	9.8	7.2
$60,000 to $69,999	525	320	205	6.8	8.3	5.4
$70,000 to $79,999	325	215	105	4.2	5.6	2.7
$80,000 to $89,999	255	155	100	3.3	4.0	2.6
$90,000 to $99,999	210	135	80	2.7	3.5	2.1
$100,000 and over	640	465	175	8.3	12.0	4.6
$100,000 to $149,999	410	285	125	5.3	7.4	3.3
$150,000 and over	235	185	50	3.1	4.8	1.3
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	7,865	3,925	3,935	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without after-tax income	170	60	105	2.2	1.5	2.7
With after-tax income	7,695	3,870	3,830	97.8	98.6	97.3
Under $10,000 (including loss)	690	260	430	9.0	6.7	11.2
$10,000 to $19,999	1,190	420	770	15.5	10.9	20.1
$20,000 to $29,999	1,485	650	835	19.3	16.8	21.8
$30,000 to $39,999	1,205	590	615	15.7	15.2	16.1
$40,000 to $49,999	975	540	440	12.7	14.0	11.5
$50,000 to $59,999	670	405	270	8.7	10.5	7.0
$60,000 to $69,999	425	285	145	5.5	7.4	3.8
$70,000 to $79,999	325	205	120	4.2	5.3	3.1
$80,000 to $89,999	200	135	65	2.6	3.5	1.7
$90,000 to $99,999	135	90	40	1.8	2.3	1.0
$100,000 and over	390	290	100	5.1	7.5	2.6
$100,000 to $124,999	205	150	55	2.7	3.9	1.4
$125,000 and over	185	140	45	2.4	3.6	1.2
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	7,865	3,925	3,935	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without employment income	3,510	1,645	1,865	44.6	41.9	47.4
With employment income	4,355	2,285	2,075	55.4	58.2	52.7
Under $5,000 (including loss)	910	445	465	20.9	19.5	22.4
$5,000 to $9,999	390	165	225	9.0	7.2	10.8
$10,000 to $19,999	585	275	305	13.4	12.0	14.7
$20,000 to $29,999	435	180	250	10.0	7.9	12.0
$30,000 to $39,999	380	170	210	8.7	7.4	10.1
$40,000 to $49,999	275	145	125	6.3	6.3	6.0
$50,000 to $59,999	285	150	135	6.5	6.6	6.5
$60,000 to $69,999	235	145	85	5.4	6.3	4.1
$70,000 to $79,999	185	110	70	4.2	4.8	3.4
$80,000 to $89,999	160	100	60	3.7	4.4	2.9
$90,000 to $99,999	135	85	45	3.1	3.7	2.2
$100,000 and over	395	310	85	9.1	13.6	4.1
$100,000 to $124,999	160	125	35	3.7	5.5	1.7
$125,000 and over	235	190	50	5.4	8.3	2.4
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	7,865	3,930	3,935	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	7,590	3,805	3,780	96.5	96.8	96.1
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	34,800	45,200	27,800	34,800	45,200	27,800
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	7,620	3,815	3,805	96.9	97.1	96.7
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	31,800	40,400	25,800	31,800	40,400	25,800
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	6,945	3,540	3,400	88.3	90.1	86.4
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	28,400	37,600	22,000	28,400	37,600	22,000
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	4,760	2,475	2,285	60.5	63.0	58.1
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	26,400	36,000	20,200	26,400	36,000	20,200
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	5,690	2,690	3,000	72.3	68.4	76.2
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	12,000	13,800	10,500	12,000	13,800	10,500
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	645	315	330	8.2	8.0	8.4
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,240	6,600	5,920	6,240	6,600	5,920
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	7,795	3,890	3,900	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	7,520	3,760	3,760	96.5	96.7	96.4
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	47,040	56,550	37,560	47,040	56,550	37,560
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	7,520	3,760	3,760	96.5	96.7	96.4
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	39,760	46,680	32,840	39,760	46,680	32,840
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	6,925	3,540	3,380	88.8	91.0	86.7
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	42,000	51,080	32,520	42,000	51,080	32,520
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	4,730	2,460	2,270	60.7	63.2	58.2
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	40,200	49,360	30,360	40,200	49,360	30,360
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	5,700	2,690	3,010	73.1	69.2	77.2
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	11,070	11,770	10,440	11,070	11,770	10,440
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	685	305	380	8.8	7.8	9.7
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	7,600	6,950	8,120	7,600	6,950	8,120
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	7,795	3,895	3,900	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	1,515	910	600	19.4	23.4	15.4
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	58,400	63,200	50,400	58,400	63,200	50,400
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	66,200	75,000	52,800	66,200	75,000	52,800
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	1,870	860	1,010	24.0	22.1	25.9
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	24,200	31,800	20,200	24,200	31,800	20,200
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	38,040	48,400	29,350	38,040	48,400	29,350
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	82.2	85.2	77.8	82.2	85.2	77.8
Employment income (%)	53.7	57.0	48.8	53.7	57.0	48.8
Government transfers (%)	17.8	14.9	22.2	17.8	14.9	22.2
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.5	1.0	2.2	1.5	1.0	2.2
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	4,000	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	74,500	...	...	74,500	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	67,500	...	...	67,500	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	965	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	35,600	...	...	35,600	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	32,800	...	...	32,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	3,030	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	88,000	...	...	88,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	79,000	...	...	79,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	4,000	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	91,000	...	...	91,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	79,000	...	...	79,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	985	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	48,800	...	...	48,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	42,600	...	...	42,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	3,015	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	104,700	...	...	104,700	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	90,800	...	...	90,800	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	4,000	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	45	...	...	1.1	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	15	...	...	0.4	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	30	...	...	0.8	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	90	...	...	2.3	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	185	...	...	4.6	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	135	...	...	3.4	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	155	...	...	3.9	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	185	...	...	4.6	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	180	...	...	4.5	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	170	...	...	4.3	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	345	...	...	8.6	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	340	...	...	8.5	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	285	...	...	7.1	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	255	...	...	6.4	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	240	...	...	6.0	...	...
$100,000 and over	1,350	...	...	33.8	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	425	...	...	10.6	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	315	...	...	7.9	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	345	...	...	8.6	...	...
$200,000 and over	265	...	...	6.6	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	4,000	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	55	...	...	1.4	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	20	...	...	0.5	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	30	...	...	0.8	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	90	...	...	2.3	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	185	...	...	4.6	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	165	...	...	4.1	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	175	...	...	4.4	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	190	...	...	4.8	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	190	...	...	4.8	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	210	...	...	5.3	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	425	...	...	10.6	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	345	...	...	8.6	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	320	...	...	8.0	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	295	...	...	7.4	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	260	...	...	6.5	...	...
$100,000 and over	1,035	...	...	25.9	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	400	...	...	10.0	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	280	...	...	7.0	...	...
$150,000 and over	355	...	...	8.9	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	2,935	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	87,000	...	...	87,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	78,500	...	...	78,500	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	1,920	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	77,500	...	...	77,500	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	70,000	...	...	70,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	740	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	119,000	...	...	119,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	105,000	...	...	105,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	4.0	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	185	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	64,500	...	...	64,500	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	58,800	...	...	58,800	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	1,270	650	620	...	...	...
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	34,400	37,600	32,000	34,400	37,600	32,000
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	32,000	34,400	30,200	32,000	34,400	30,200
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	2,940	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	104,000	...	...	104,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	90,100	...	...	90,100	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,905	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	94,600	...	...	94,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	81,900	...	...	81,900	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	730	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	135,600	...	...	135,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	116,200	...	...	116,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	215	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	76,000	...	...	76,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	69,500	...	...	69,500	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	1,220	620	595	...	...	...
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	47,800	53,400	42,000	47,800	53,400	42,000
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	41,800	46,000	37,600	41,800	46,000	37,600
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	8,875	4,420	4,450	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	1,200	595	610	13.5	13.5	13.7
0 to 5 years	365	170	190	4.1	3.8	4.3
18 to 64 years	4,640	2,220	2,415	52.3	50.2	54.3
65 years and over	3,030	1,605	1,425	34.1	36.3	32.0
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	1,045	520	530	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	155	85	70	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	45	30	15	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	535	255	280	...	...	...
65 years and over	360	175	175	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	11.8	11.7	11.8	11.8	11.7	11.8
0 to 17 years (%)	12.8	14.4	11.6	12.8	14.4	11.6
0 to 5 years (%)	13.2	17.0	9.0	13.2	17.0	9.0
18 to 64 years (%)	11.5	11.4	11.6	11.5	11.4	11.6
65 years and over (%)	11.8	11.2	12.4	11.8	11.2	12.4
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	8,870	4,420	4,455	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	1,205	590	610	13.6	13.3	13.7
0 to 5 years	365	170	190	4.1	3.8	4.3
18 to 64 years	4,645	2,225	2,420	52.4	50.3	54.3
65 years and over	3,025	1,605	1,420	34.1	36.3	31.9
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	260	130	130	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	30	20	10	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	10	5	5	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	200	100	100	...	...	...
65 years and over	20	10	15	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	2.9	3.0	2.8	2.9	3.0	2.8
0 to 17 years (%)	2.6	3.2	2.0	2.6	3.2	2.0
0 to 5 years (%)	2.8	3.0	x	2.8	3.0	x
18 to 64 years (%)	4.4	4.5	4.2	4.4	4.5	4.2
65 years and over (%)	0.8	0.7	0.8	0.8	0.7	0.8
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	8,870	4,420	4,455	100.0	100.0	100.0
In bottom half of the distribution	5,000	2,450	2,555	56.4	55.4	57.4
In bottom decile	930	465	470	10.5	10.5	10.5
In second decile	1,050	505	545	11.8	11.4	12.2
In third decile	1,015	505	510	11.4	11.4	11.4
In fourth decile	1,015	485	535	11.4	11.0	12.0
In fifth decile	985	495	490	11.1	11.2	11.0
In top half of the distribution	3,870	1,970	1,900	43.6	44.6	42.6
In sixth decile	810	400	410	9.1	9.0	9.2
In seventh decile	865	430	435	9.8	9.7	9.8
In eighth decile	755	375	375	8.5	8.5	8.4
In ninth decile	720	375	345	8.1	8.5	7.7
In top decile	720	385	335	8.1	8.7	7.5
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	8,870	...	...	8,870	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.332	...	...	0.332	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.471	...	...	0.471	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.294	...	...	0.294	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.7	...	...	3.7	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	8,920	4,450	4,475	100.0	100.0	100.0
English only	8,545	4,265	4,280	95.8	95.8	95.6
French only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and French	370	180	190	4.1	4.0	4.2
Neither English nor French	5	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	8,920	4,450	4,475	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	8,815	4,400	4,420	98.8	98.9	98.8
French	85	45	45	1.0	1.0	1.0
English and French	10	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Neither English nor French	5	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	8,920	4,450	4,475	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	8,840	4,410	4,435	99.1	99.1	99.1
Official languages	8,320	4,145	4,170	93.3	93.1	93.2
English	8,225	4,095	4,125	92.2	92.0	92.2
French	95	50	45	1.1	1.1	1.0
Non-official languages	525	265	260	5.9	6.0	5.8
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	525	265	260	5.9	6.0	5.8
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	15	5	10	0.2	0.1	0.2
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	15	5	15	0.2	0.1	0.3
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	455	235	220	5.1	5.3	4.9
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	65	30	35	0.7	0.7	0.8
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	65	30	30	0.7	0.7	0.7
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	10	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Russian	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	15	5	5	0.2	0.1	0.1
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	10	10	5	0.1	0.2	0.1
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	345	185	165	3.9	4.2	3.7
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	265	140	125	3.0	3.1	2.8
German	250	135	120	2.8	3.0	2.7
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	10	10	5	0.1	0.2	0.1
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	55	30	25	0.6	0.7	0.6
Afrikaans	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Dutch	45	25	20	0.5	0.6	0.4
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	5	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Vlaams (Flemish)	5	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Scandinavian languages	25	15	10	0.3	0.3	0.2
Danish	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	5	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Swedish	10	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	5	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	5	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	5	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	30	10	20	0.3	0.2	0.4
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Portuguese	5	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Romanian	5	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Spanish	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Korean	5	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	5	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	5	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Chinese languages	5	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	5	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	5	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	5	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	15	15	5	0.2	0.3	0.1
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	5	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Hungarian	10	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	75	35	40	0.8	0.8	0.9
English and French	15	5	15	0.2	0.1	0.3
English and non-official language(s)	45	25	20	0.5	0.6	0.4
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	5	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	5	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	8,920	4,450	4,475	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	8,550	4,265	4,285	95.9	95.8	95.8
French	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Non-official language	60	30	30	0.7	0.7	0.7
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	60	30	30	0.7	0.7	0.7
English and French	35	10	20	0.4	0.2	0.4
English and non-official language(s)	245	125	115	2.7	2.8	2.6
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	20	5	10	0.2	0.1	0.2
Multiple non-official languages	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	8,920	4,450	4,475	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	8,890	4,440	4,455	99.7	99.8	99.6
Official languages	8,775	4,385	4,395	98.4	98.5	98.2
English	8,760	4,375	4,385	98.2	98.3	98.0
French	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Non-official languages	115	55	60	1.3	1.2	1.3
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	115	55	60	1.3	1.2	1.3
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	100	45	55	1.1	1.0	1.2
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	5	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	5	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	85	40	45	1.0	0.9	1.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	75	35	45	0.8	0.8	1.0
German	65	30	35	0.7	0.7	0.8
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	5	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Afrikaans	5	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Dutch	5	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	5	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	5	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	5	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	25	10	15	0.3	0.2	0.3
English and French	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
English and non-official language(s)	20	10	15	0.2	0.2	0.3
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	8,920	4,450	4,475	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	8,640	4,310	4,330	96.9	96.9	96.8
English	55	25	35	0.6	0.6	0.8
French	25	15	15	0.3	0.3	0.3
Non-official language	170	90	80	1.9	2.0	1.8
Indigenous³⁹	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Non-Indigenous	170	90	75	1.9	2.0	1.7
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	15	5	15	0.2	0.1	0.3
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	10	10	5	0.1	0.2	0.1
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	8,870	4,430	4,440	100.0	100.0	100.0
Official languages	8,870	4,430	4,440	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	8,870	4,430	4,440	100.0	100.0	100.0
French	375	165	205	4.2	3.7	4.6
Non-official languages	795	395	400	9.0	8.9	9.0
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	790	395	395	8.9	8.9	8.9
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	650	335	315	7.3	7.6	7.1
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	85	35	50	1.0	0.8	1.1
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	85	35	50	1.0	0.8	1.1
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	20	15	10	0.2	0.3	0.2
Russian	30	10	20	0.3	0.2	0.5
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	450	240	210	5.1	5.4	4.7
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	345	190	150	3.9	4.3	3.4
German	345	190	150	3.9	4.3	3.4
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	100	55	50	1.1	1.2	1.1
Afrikaans	25	10	20	0.3	0.2	0.5
Dutch	65	35	25	0.7	0.8	0.6
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	30	15	15	0.3	0.3	0.3
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Swedish	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	130	55	75	1.5	1.2	1.7
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	115	55	60	1.3	1.2	1.4
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	35	10	25	0.4	0.2	0.6
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	20	10	15	0.2	0.2	0.3
American Sign Language	15	10	0	0.2	0.2	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Sino-Tibetan languages	15	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Chinese languages	15	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	15	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	15	10	0	0.2	0.2	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	8,870	4,430	4,440	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	525	235	290	5.9	5.3	6.5
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	520	225	290	5.9	5.1	6.5
First Nations (North American Indian)	260	120	145	2.9	2.7	3.3
Métis	260	110	150	2.9	2.5	3.4
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous identity	8,350	4,200	4,145	94.1	94.8	93.4
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	8,870	4,430	4,440	100.0	100.0	100.0
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	145	80	65	1.6	1.8	1.5
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	8,730	4,355	4,375	98.4	98.3	98.5
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	3,995	...	...	100.0	...	...
Owner	3,575	...	...	89.5	...	...
Renter	430	...	...	10.8	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	3,995	...	...	100.0	...	...
Condominium	110	...	...	2.8	...	...
Not condominium	3,890	...	...	97.4	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	3,995	...	...	100.0	...	...
No bedrooms	25	...	...	0.6	...	...
1 bedroom	180	...	...	4.5	...	...
2 bedrooms	850	...	...	21.3	...	...
3 bedrooms	1,625	...	...	40.7	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	1,315	...	...	32.9	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	3,995	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	605	...	...	15.1	...	...
5 rooms	510	...	...	12.8	...	...
6 rooms	695	...	...	17.4	...	...
7 rooms	595	...	...	14.9	...	...
8 or more rooms	1,590	...	...	39.8	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	7.0	...	...	7.0	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	3,995	...	...	100.0	...	...
One person or fewer per room	3,950	...	...	98.9	...	...
More than one person per room	45	...	...	1.1	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	3,995	...	...	100.0	...	...
Suitable	3,930	...	...	98.4	...	...
Not suitable	65	...	...	1.6	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	3,995	...	...	100.0	...	...
1960 or before	270	...	...	6.8	...	...
1961 to 1980	885	...	...	22.2	...	...
1981 to 1990	425	...	...	10.6	...	...
1991 to 2000	1,055	...	...	26.4	...	...
2001 to 2005	380	...	...	9.5	...	...
2006 to 2010	535	...	...	13.4	...	...
2011 to 2015	150	...	...	3.8	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	305	...	...	7.6	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	3,995	...	...	100.0	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	3,790	...	...	94.9	...	...
Major repairs needed	215	...	...	5.4	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	3,995	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-maintainer household	1,755	...	...	43.9	...	...
Two-maintainer household	2,115	...	...	52.9	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	130	...	...	3.3	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	3,995	...	...	100.0	...	...
15 to 24 years	10	...	...	0.3	...	...
25 to 34 years	245	...	...	6.1	...	...
35 to 44 years	410	...	...	10.3	...	...
45 to 54 years	425	...	...	10.6	...	...
55 to 64 years	1,090	...	...	27.3	...	...
65 to 74 years	1,155	...	...	28.9	...	...
75 to 84 years	560	...	...	14.0	...	...
85 years and over	105	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	3,915	...	...	100.0	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	3,270	...	...	83.5	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	640	...	...	16.3	...	...
30% to less than 100%	540	...	...	13.8	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	3,995	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	880	...	...	22.0	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	605	...	...	15.1	...	...
Not suitable only	65	...	...	1.6	...	...
Major repairs needed only	175	...	...	4.4	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	30	...	...	0.8	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Acceptable housing	3,120	...	...	78.1	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	3,810	...	...	100.0	...	...
In core need	240	...	...	6.3	...	...
Not in core need	3,570	...	...	93.7	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	3,500	...	...	...	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	46.1	...	...	46.1	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	13.5	...	...	13.5	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	4.8	...	...	4.8	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	616	...	...	616	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,031	...	...	1,031	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	600,000	...	...	600,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	625,500	...	...	625,500	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	425	...	...	...	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	5.9	...	...	5.9	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	40.0	...	...	40.0	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	18.8	...	...	18.8	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,000	...	...	1,000	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,112	...	...	1,112	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	...	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	8,875	4,430	4,445	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	115	60	60	1.3	1.4	1.3
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	115	60	60	1.3	1.4	1.3
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	75	40	35	0.8	0.9	0.8
Métis single ancestry	40	25	20	0.5	0.6	0.4
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	540	220	320	6.1	5.0	7.2
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	525	205	320	5.9	4.6	7.2
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	320	110	210	3.6	2.5	4.7
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	200	90	110	2.3	2.0	2.5
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	15	15	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	15	15	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	8,220	4,155	4,060	92.6	93.8	91.3
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	8,875	4,435	4,440	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	8,645	4,315	4,335	97.4	97.3	97.6
Canadian citizens aged under 18	1,245	620	625	14.0	14.0	14.1
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	7,400	3,690	3,710	83.4	83.2	83.6
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	225	115	110	2.5	2.6	2.5
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	8,875	4,435	4,440	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	7,950	3,935	4,015	89.6	88.7	90.4
Immigrants⁸¹	900	485	415	10.1	10.9	9.3
Before 1980	455	270	180	5.1	6.1	4.1
1980 to 1990	145	85	65	1.6	1.9	1.5
1991 to 2000	125	60	60	1.4	1.4	1.4
2001 to 2010	115	40	75	1.3	0.9	1.7
2011 to 2021⁸²	60	25	40	0.7	0.6	0.9
2011 to 2015	45	25	25	0.5	0.6	0.6
2016 to 2021	15	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.3
Non-permanent residents⁸³	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	900	490	410	100.0	100.0	100.0
Under 5 years	115	65	50	12.8	13.3	12.2
5 to 14 years	180	105	75	20.0	21.4	18.3
15 to 24 years	245	150	100	27.2	30.6	24.4
25 to 44 years	265	125	145	29.4	25.5	35.4
45 years and over	95	45	50	10.6	9.2	12.2
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	900	490	410	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	125	45	75	13.9	9.2	18.3
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
El Salvador	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyana	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	95	35	60	10.6	7.1	14.6
Other places of birth in Americas	20	10	10	2.2	2.0	2.4
Europe	655	375	285	72.8	76.5	69.5
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	10	0	10	1.1	0.0	2.4
Germany	145	90	50	16.1	18.4	12.2
Greece	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Netherlands	50	25	25	5.6	5.1	6.1
Poland	25	15	10	2.8	3.1	2.4
Portugal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	25	0	15	2.8	0.0	3.7
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	290	160	130	32.2	32.7	31.7
Other places of birth in Europe	100	60	40	11.1	12.2	9.8
Africa	35	10	30	3.9	2.0	7.3
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	20	0	15	2.2	0.0	3.7
Other places of birth in Africa	10	0	0	1.1	0.0	0.0
Asia	65	40	25	7.2	8.2	6.1
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	10	10	0	1.1	2.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	25	10	15	2.8	2.0	3.7
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	15	15	0	1.7	3.1	0.0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	20	0	10	100.0	0.0	100.0
Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Europe	10	0	10	50.0	0.0	100.0
France	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	8,870	4,430	4,440	100.0	100.0	100.0
First generation¹⁰⁰	1,005	535	470	11.3	12.1	10.6
Second generation¹⁰¹	1,660	880	780	18.7	19.9	17.6
Third generation or more¹⁰²	6,205	3,015	3,190	70.0	68.1	71.8
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	445	215	230	100.0	100.0	100.0
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	265	130	130	59.6	60.5	56.5
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	115	95	20	25.8	44.2	8.7
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	150	40	110	33.7	18.6	47.8
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	165	75	85	37.1	34.9	37.0
Refugees¹⁰⁸	20	0	15	4.5	0.0	6.5
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	445	215	230	100.0	100.0	100.0
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	95	45	50	21.3	20.9	21.7
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	15	10	0	3.4	4.7	0.0
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	10	0	0	2.2	0.0	0.0
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	310	155	160	69.7	72.1	69.6
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	8,870	4,430	4,440	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	210	105	105	2.4	2.4	2.4
South Asian	25	20	0	0.3	0.5	0.0
Chinese	25	0	20	0.3	0.0	0.5
Black	40	20	25	0.5	0.5	0.6
Filipino	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arab	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latin American	15	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Southeast Asian	20	15	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
West Asian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	15	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple visible minorities	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	8,665	4,325	4,340	97.7	97.6	97.7
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	8,870	4,430	4,440	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian	1,065	485	580	12.0	10.9	13.1
English	2,785	1,325	1,460	31.4	29.9	32.9
Irish	1,735	785	950	19.6	17.7	21.4
Scottish	2,115	1,080	1,035	23.8	24.4	23.3
French, n.o.s.¹²²	920	475	445	10.4	10.7	10.0
German	2,080	1,050	1,030	23.4	23.7	23.2
Chinese	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Italian	175	105	70	2.0	2.4	1.6
Indian (India)	35	20	10	0.4	0.5	0.2
Ukrainian	600	225	370	6.8	5.1	8.3
Dutch	535	210	320	6.0	4.7	7.2
Polish	405	200	205	4.6	4.5	4.6
Québécois	20	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.3
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	405	195	210	4.6	4.4	4.7
Filipino	65	40	25	0.7	0.9	0.6
French Canadian	95	40	55	1.1	0.9	1.2
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	165	80	85	1.9	1.8	1.9
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	235	95	140	2.6	2.1	3.2
Métis	255	125	135	2.9	2.8	3.0
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	160	90	70	1.8	2.0	1.6
Russian	325	165	155	3.7	3.7	3.5
Norwegian	465	225	240	5.2	5.1	5.4
Welsh	345	130	205	3.9	2.9	4.6
Portuguese	45	20	20	0.5	0.5	0.5
American	185	105	85	2.1	2.4	1.9
Spanish	35	15	15	0.4	0.3	0.3
Swedish	345	200	140	3.9	4.5	3.2
Hungarian	85	45	45	1.0	1.0	1.0
Acadian	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Pakistani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jewish	25	0	25	0.3	0.0	0.6
Punjabi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	25	0	10	0.3	0.0	0.2
Jamaican	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	25	15	10	0.3	0.3	0.2
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	105	35	70	1.2	0.8	1.6
Lebanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Danish	190	100	85	2.1	2.3	1.9
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	75	30	40	0.8	0.7	0.9
Sikh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austrian	140	65	75	1.6	1.5	1.7
Belgian	35	20	20	0.4	0.5	0.5
Haitian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexican	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Mennonite	75	30	45	0.8	0.7	1.0
Swiss	60	40	25	0.7	0.9	0.6
Finnish	105	55	45	1.2	1.2	1.0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	55	25	30	0.6	0.6	0.7
Japanese	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	80	40	45	0.9	0.9	1.0
Muslim	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egyptian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	20	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.2
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	65	25	45	0.7	0.6	1.0
Colombian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moroccan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	80	40	40	0.9	0.9	0.9
Syrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afghan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway	15	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.2
Newfoundlander	15	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.3
Hong Konger	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ontarian	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	25	10	20	0.3	0.2	0.5
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	15	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.2
South African	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Australian	15	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.2
Palestinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chilean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congolese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peruvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Canadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israeli	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	40	15	25	0.5	0.3	0.6
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albertan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African American	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	15	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.2
Tunisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Laotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
British Columbian	20	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.2
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jatt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	20	15	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dominican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Abenaki	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Zealander	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Breton	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gaspesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norman	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Manitoban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Honduran	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cherokee	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Flemish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Goan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamileke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Libyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Basque	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igorot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guinean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maliseet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Beninese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Roma	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tajik	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amhara	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	8,870	4,430	4,440	100.0	100.0	100.0
Buddhist	20	20	0	0.2	0.5	0.0
Christian	3,920	1,865	2,055	44.2	42.1	46.3
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	955	480	470	10.8	10.8	10.6
Anabaptist	90	55	35	1.0	1.2	0.8
Anglican	455	215	245	5.1	4.9	5.5
Baptist	150	70	80	1.7	1.6	1.8
Catholic	990	475	515	11.2	10.7	11.6
Christian Orthodox	55	15	40	0.6	0.3	0.9
Jehovah's Witness	95	50	45	1.1	1.1	1.0
Latter Day Saints	35	20	25	0.4	0.5	0.6
Lutheran	220	80	135	2.5	1.8	3.0
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	15	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.2
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	65	35	30	0.7	0.8	0.7
Presbyterian	50	30	25	0.6	0.7	0.6
Reformed	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Church	450	200	255	5.1	4.5	5.7
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	290	130	155	3.3	2.9	3.5
Hindu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jewish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Muslim	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sikh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	40	20	25	0.5	0.5	0.6
No religion and secular perspectives	4,870	2,520	2,345	54.9	56.9	52.8
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	8,820	4,400	4,425	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	7,820	3,905	3,920	88.7	88.8	88.6
Movers	995	495	505	11.3	11.3	11.4
Non-migrants	175	100	80	2.0	2.3	1.8
Migrants	825	395	425	9.4	9.0	9.6
Internal migrants	810	385	425	9.2	8.8	9.6
Intraprovincial migrants	580	275	305	6.6	6.3	6.9
Interprovincial migrants	230	115	115	2.6	2.6	2.6
External migrants	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	8,565	4,295	4,265	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	5,020	2,555	2,465	58.6	59.5	57.8
Movers	3,545	1,740	1,800	41.4	40.5	42.2
Non-migrants	570	270	300	6.7	6.3	7.0
Migrants	2,975	1,475	1,500	34.7	34.3	35.2
Internal migrants	2,915	1,455	1,460	34.0	33.9	34.2
Intraprovincial migrants	2,035	1,010	1,025	23.8	23.5	24.0
Interprovincial migrants	880	445	435	10.3	10.4	10.2
External migrants	60	25	35	0.7	0.6	0.8
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	7,795	3,890	3,900	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	1,545	955	595	19.8	24.6	15.3
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	6,250	2,940	3,310	80.2	75.6	84.9
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	4,290	2,045	2,245	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	645	425	225	15.0	20.8	10.0
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	3,645	1,620	2,025	85.0	79.2	90.2
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	7,795	3,890	3,900	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	1,190	695	495	15.3	17.9	12.7
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	2,555	1,170	1,385	32.8	30.1	35.5
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	4,050	2,025	2,025	52.0	52.1	51.9
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	3,045	1,560	1,485	39.1	40.1	38.1
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	1,115	875	230	14.3	22.5	5.9
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	385	230	155	4.9	5.9	4.0
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	725	650	75	9.3	16.7	1.9
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	1,660	595	1,055	21.3	15.3	27.1
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	275	85	190	3.5	2.2	4.9
Bachelor's degree or higher	1,005	470	540	12.9	12.1	13.8
Bachelor's degree	680	310	370	8.7	8.0	9.5
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	95	50	55	1.2	1.3	1.4
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Master's degree	205	100	105	2.6	2.6	2.7
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	25	15	15	0.3	0.4	0.4
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	4,290	2,040	2,245	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	480	290	185	11.2	14.2	8.2
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	1,400	615	780	32.6	30.1	34.7
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,415	1,135	1,280	56.3	55.6	57.0
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,895	950	945	44.2	46.6	42.1
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	705	560	145	16.4	27.5	6.5
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	235	150	90	5.5	7.4	4.0
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	470	410	60	11.0	20.1	2.7
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	1,020	335	680	23.8	16.4	30.3
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	170	50	115	4.0	2.5	5.1
Bachelor's degree or higher	520	185	330	12.1	9.1	14.7
Bachelor's degree	375	150	220	8.7	7.4	9.8
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	40	10	35	0.9	0.5	1.6
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Master's degree	100	30	65	2.3	1.5	2.9
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	7,795	3,895	3,905	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	3,740	1,865	1,880	48.0	47.9	48.1
Education	340	115	225	4.4	3.0	5.8
13. Education	340	115	225	4.4	3.0	5.8
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	100	40	65	1.3	1.0	1.7
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	10	10	0	0.1	0.3	0.0
50. Visual and performing arts	95	30	65	1.2	0.8	1.7
Humanities	120	40	80	1.5	1.0	2.0
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
23. English language and literature/letters	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.3
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	35	0	35	0.4	0.0	0.9
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
39. Theology and religious vocations	50	20	30	0.6	0.5	0.8
54. History	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	260	75	185	3.3	1.9	4.7
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	15	10	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	60	0	55	0.8	0.0	1.4
22. Legal professions and studies	60	20	40	0.8	0.5	1.0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
42. Psychology	60	25	40	0.8	0.6	1.0
45. Social sciences	70	25	45	0.9	0.6	1.2
Business, management and public administration	760	185	575	9.7	4.7	14.7
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	85	10	75	1.1	0.3	1.9
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	675	175	500	8.7	4.5	12.8
Physical and life sciences and technologies	115	95	20	1.5	2.4	0.5
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	55	45	15	0.7	1.2	0.4
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	20	15	0	0.3	0.4	0.0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
40. Physical sciences	35	35	0	0.4	0.9	0.0
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	75	35	45	1.0	0.9	1.2
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	60	30	30	0.8	0.8	0.8
25. Library science	15	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.4
27. Mathematics and statistics	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	1,125	1,080	50	14.4	27.7	1.3
04. Architecture and related services	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
14. Engineering	55	55	0	0.7	1.4	0.0
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	130	115	10	1.7	3.0	0.3
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	395	385	15	5.1	9.9	0.4
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	295	285	10	3.8	7.3	0.3
48. Precision production	235	230	0	3.0	5.9	0.0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	200	140	65	2.6	3.6	1.7
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	95	55	40	1.2	1.4	1.0
03. Natural resources and conservation	105	80	30	1.3	2.1	0.8
Health and related fields	645	95	550	8.3	2.4	14.1
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	55	35	20	0.7	0.9	0.5
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	595	60	530	7.6	1.5	13.6
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Personal, protective and transportation services	295	140	165	3.8	3.6	4.2
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	170	25	145	2.2	0.6	3.7
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	30	15	15	0.4	0.4	0.4
49. Transportation and materials moving	90	90	0	1.2	2.3	0.0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	4,285	2,045	2,250	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	1,875	905	965	43.8	44.3	42.9
Education	150	30	125	3.5	1.5	5.6
13. Education	150	30	125	3.5	1.5	5.6
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	80	25	55	1.9	1.2	2.4
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
50. Visual and performing arts	80	25	55	1.9	1.2	2.4
Humanities	80	25	60	1.9	1.2	2.7
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	30	0	30	0.7	0.0	1.3
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
39. Theology and religious vocations	40	15	20	0.9	0.7	0.9
54. History	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	145	35	110	3.4	1.7	4.9
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	40	0	40	0.9	0.0	1.8
22. Legal professions and studies	35	0	30	0.8	0.0	1.3
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
42. Psychology	20	10	10	0.5	0.5	0.4
45. Social sciences	40	15	25	0.9	0.7	1.1
Business, management and public administration	415	70	345	9.7	3.4	15.3
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	65	0	65	1.5	0.0	2.9
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	350	70	280	8.2	3.4	12.4
Physical and life sciences and technologies	65	55	15	1.5	2.7	0.7
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	40	25	10	0.9	1.2	0.4
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
40. Physical sciences	20	20	0	0.5	1.0	0.0
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	45	20	20	1.1	1.0	0.9
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	40	20	20	0.9	1.0	0.9
25. Library science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	680	640	45	15.9	31.3	2.0
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
14. Engineering	25	25	0	0.6	1.2	0.0
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	75	60	10	1.8	2.9	0.4
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	245	235	15	5.7	11.5	0.7
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	170	160	10	4.0	7.8	0.4
48. Precision production	160	155	0	3.7	7.6	0.0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	150	95	55	3.5	4.6	2.4
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	65	35	25	1.5	1.7	1.1
03. Natural resources and conservation	85	60	25	2.0	2.9	1.1
Health and related fields	385	40	340	9.0	2.0	15.1
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	20	10	10	0.5	0.5	0.4
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	360	30	330	8.4	1.5	14.7
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Personal, protective and transportation services	210	95	115	4.9	4.6	5.1
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	120	20	105	2.8	1.0	4.7
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	20	10	15	0.5	0.5	0.7
49. Transportation and materials moving	70	70	0	1.6	3.4	0.0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	4,285	2,045	2,250	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,875	905	965	43.8	44.3	42.9
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	2,415	1,140	1,275	56.4	55.7	56.7
Location of study inside Canada	2,230	1,065	1,165	52.0	52.1	51.8
Same as province or territory of residence	1,535	730	810	35.8	35.7	36.0
Different than province or territory of residence	695	340	355	16.2	16.6	15.8
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	185	75	110	4.3	3.7	4.9
Americas	50	15	35	1.2	0.7	1.6
United States of America	45	15	30	1.1	0.7	1.3
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Europe	100	50	55	2.3	2.4	2.4
Belgium	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germany	35	10	20	0.8	0.5	0.9
Netherlands	10	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.4
Switzerland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	50	30	20	1.2	1.5	0.9
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Europe	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Africa	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asia	15	0	15	0.4	0.0	0.7
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Zealand	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	7,795	3,890	3,900	...	...	...
In the labour force	3,770	1,990	1,780	...	...	...
Employed	3,415	1,795	1,625	...	...	...
Unemployed	350	200	155	...	...	...
Not in the labour force	4,025	1,900	2,125	...	...	...
Participation rate	48.4	51.2	45.6	48.4	51.2	45.6
Employment rate	43.8	46.1	41.7	43.8	46.1	41.7
Unemployment rate	9.3	10.1	8.7	9.3	10.1	8.7
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	7,795	3,895	3,905	100.0	100.0	100.0
Did not work¹⁸⁶	3,975	1,875	2,105	51.0	48.1	53.9
Worked	3,820	2,015	1,800	49.0	51.7	46.1
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	1,640	1,005	640	21.0	25.8	16.4
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	2,175	1,010	1,165	27.9	25.9	29.8
Average weeks worked in reference year	38.4	39.9	36.8	38.4	39.9	36.8
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	3,770	1,990	1,775	100.0	100.0	100.0
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	65	30	35	1.7	1.5	2.0
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	3,705	1,960	1,745	98.3	98.5	98.3
Employee	2,755	1,380	1,370	73.1	69.3	77.2
Permanent position	2,125	1,085	1,035	56.4	54.5	58.3
Temporary position	635	300	335	16.8	15.1	18.9
Fixed term (1 year or more)	120	60	60	3.2	3.0	3.4
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	510	235	280	13.5	11.8	15.8
Self-employed¹⁹²	950	580	370	25.2	29.1	20.8
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	3,770	1,990	1,775	100.0	100.0	100.0
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	65	30	35	1.7	1.5	2.0
All occupations¹⁹¹	3,705	1,960	1,745	98.3	98.5	98.3
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	50	30	15	1.3	1.5	0.8
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	460	55	400	12.2	2.8	22.5
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	195	155	35	5.2	7.8	2.0
3 Health occupations	275	15	255	7.3	0.8	14.4
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	245	65	185	6.5	3.3	10.4
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	45	30	15	1.2	1.5	0.8
6 Sales and service occupations	855	300	560	22.7	15.1	31.5
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	1,135	1,005	130	30.1	50.5	7.3
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	285	165	120	7.6	8.3	6.8
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	165	135	30	4.4	6.8	1.7
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	3,770	1,990	1,775	100.0	100.0	100.0
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	65	30	35	1.7	1.5	2.0
All industries¹⁹¹	3,705	1,960	1,745	98.3	98.5	98.3
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	250	140	105	6.6	7.0	5.9
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	95	95	0	2.5	4.8	0.0
22 Utilities	10	10	0	0.3	0.5	0.0
23 Construction	645	505	135	17.1	25.4	7.6
31-33 Manufacturing	280	215	60	7.4	10.8	3.4
41 Wholesale trade	80	60	20	2.1	3.0	1.1
44-45 Retail trade	500	240	255	13.3	12.1	14.4
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	180	130	45	4.8	6.5	2.5
51 Information and cultural industries	30	20	20	0.8	1.0	1.1
52 Finance and insurance	75	10	70	2.0	0.5	3.9
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	75	40	35	2.0	2.0	2.0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	195	105	95	5.2	5.3	5.4
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	165	100	70	4.4	5.0	3.9
61 Educational services	175	50	125	4.6	2.5	7.0
62 Health care and social assistance	400	25	375	10.6	1.3	21.1
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	90	55	35	2.4	2.8	2.0
72 Accommodation and food services	195	55	140	5.2	2.8	7.9
81 Other services (except public administration)	155	75	80	4.1	3.8	4.5
91 Public administration	110	45	65	2.9	2.3	3.7
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	4,250	2,220	2,025	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	4,200	2,200	2,000	98.8	99.1	98.8
French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-official language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and French	15	0	10	0.4	0.0	0.5
English and non-official language(s)	30	15	15	0.7	0.7	0.7
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	4,250	2,220	2,025	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	4,245	2,220	2,020	99.9	100.0	99.8
Official languages	4,230	2,215	2,015	99.5	99.8	99.5
English	4,230	2,215	2,015	99.5	99.8	99.5
French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-official languages	15	10	0	0.4	0.5	0.0
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	15	10	0	0.4	0.5	0.0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	15	10	0	0.4	0.5	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	4,250	2,220	2,025	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	4,215	2,205	2,010	99.2	99.3	99.3
English	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French	15	0	10	0.4	0.0	0.5
Non-official language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	3,420	1,795	1,625	100.0	100.0	100.0
Worked at home	525	240	285	15.4	13.4	17.5
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
No fixed workplace address	780	610	170	22.8	34.0	10.5
Usual place of work	2,110	945	1,165	61.7	52.6	71.7
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	2,110	945	1,170	100.0	100.0	100.0
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	720	315	410	34.1	33.3	35.0
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	925	365	560	43.8	38.6	47.9
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	375	205	170	17.8	21.7	14.5
Commute to a different province or territory	90	60	30	4.3	6.3	2.6
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	2,885	1,550	1,335	100.0	100.0	100.0
Car, truck or van	2,640	1,415	1,225	91.5	91.3	91.8
Car, truck or van - as a driver	2,495	1,355	1,140	86.5	87.4	85.4
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	150	60	85	5.2	3.9	6.4
Public transit	15	10	0	0.5	0.6	0.0
Walked	150	65	85	5.2	4.2	6.4
Bicycle	35	20	10	1.2	1.3	0.7
Other method	50	40	15	1.7	2.6	1.1
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	2,885	1,550	1,335	100.0	100.0	100.0
Less than 15 minutes	820	420	400	28.4	27.1	30.0
15 to 29 minutes	1,005	490	520	34.8	31.6	39.0
30 to 44 minutes	595	310	290	20.6	20.0	21.7
45 to 59 minutes	160	100	55	5.5	6.5	4.1
60 minutes and over	310	230	75	10.7	14.8	5.6
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	2,885	1,550	1,335	100.0	100.0	100.0
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	265	210	55	9.2	13.5	4.1
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	605	400	205	21.0	25.8	15.4
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	810	390	420	28.1	25.2	31.5
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	575	230	345	19.9	14.8	25.8
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	285	80	210	9.9	5.2	15.7
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	350	240	105	12.1	15.5	7.9
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	1,225	600	620	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	55	25	30	4.5	4.2	4.8
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	1,170	580	590	95.5	96.7	95.2
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	905	450	455	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	35	20	15	3.9	4.4	3.3
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	10	5	10	1.1	1.1	2.2
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	20	10	10	2.2	2.2	2.2
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	870	430	440	96.1	95.6	96.7

Symbol legend

...
not applicable
x
suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 30, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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