Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	Lake Country, District municipality (DM)More information: British Columbia [Census subdivision]
	Counts			Rates
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	15,817	...	...	...	...	...
Population, 2016¹	12,922	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	22.4	...	...	22.4	...	...
Total private dwellings²	6,852	...	...	...	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	6,204	...	...	...	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	129.5	...	...	129.5	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	122.16	...	...	...	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	15,820	7,820	7,995	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	2,565	1,265	1,300	16.2	16.2	16.3
0 to 4 years	785	380	405	5.0	4.9	5.1
5 to 9 years	855	425	430	5.4	5.4	5.4
10 to 14 years	925	455	465	5.8	5.8	5.8
15 to 64 years	10,280	5,080	5,200	65.0	65.0	65.0
15 to 19 years	805	410	400	5.1	5.2	5.0
20 to 24 years	720	360	360	4.6	4.6	4.5
25 to 29 years	810	380	425	5.1	4.9	5.3
30 to 34 years	1,010	495	515	6.4	6.3	6.4
35 to 39 years	1,175	590	585	7.4	7.5	7.3
40 to 44 years	1,040	520	520	6.6	6.6	6.5
45 to 49 years	940	500	440	5.9	6.4	5.5
50 to 54 years	1,030	505	520	6.5	6.5	6.5
55 to 59 years	1,335	635	705	8.4	8.1	8.8
60 to 64 years	1,425	685	740	9.0	8.8	9.3
65 years and over	2,965	1,475	1,490	18.7	18.9	18.6
65 to 69 years	1,110	530	580	7.0	6.8	7.3
70 to 74 years	810	435	380	5.1	5.6	4.8
75 to 79 years	520	260	265	3.3	3.3	3.3
80 to 84 years	310	160	150	2.0	2.0	1.9
85 years and over	210	90	125	1.3	1.2	1.6
85 to 89 years	135	65	70	0.9	0.8	0.9
90 to 94 years	45	15	35	0.3	0.2	0.4
95 to 99 years	25	10	20	0.2	0.1	0.3
100 years and over	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	16.2	16.2	16.3	16.2	16.2	16.3
15 to 64 years	65.0	65.0	65.0	65.0	65.0	65.0
65 years and over	18.7	18.9	18.6	18.7	18.9	18.6
85 years and over	1.3	1.2	1.6	1.3	1.2	1.6
Average age of the population	42.8	42.7	42.8	42.8	42.7	42.8
Median age of the population	44.0	44.0	44.0	44.0	44.0	44.0
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	6,200	...	...	100.0	...	...
Single-detached house	4,070	...	...	65.6	...	...
Semi-detached house	200	...	...	3.2	...	...
Row house	200	...	...	3.2	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	870	...	...	14.0	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	670	...	...	10.8	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Other single-attached house	15	...	...	0.2	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	175	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	6,205	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 person	1,335	...	...	21.5	...	...
2 persons	2,520	...	...	40.6	...	...
3 persons	910	...	...	14.7	...	...
4 persons	925	...	...	14.9	...	...
5 or more persons	505	...	...	8.1	...	...
Number of persons in private households	15,625	7,715	7,910	100.0	100.0	100.0
Average household size	2.5	...	...	2.5	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	13,250	6,555	6,690	100.0	100.0	100.0
Married or living common-law	8,680	4,345	4,335	65.5	66.3	64.8
Married	7,140	3,575	3,570	53.9	54.5	53.4
Living common-law	1,540	775	765	11.6	11.8	11.4
Living common law - Never married	1,020	520	495	7.7	7.9	7.4
Living common law - Separated	75	40	35	0.6	0.6	0.5
Living common law - Divorced	400	205	200	3.0	3.1	3.0
Living common law - Widowed	45	15	30	0.3	0.2	0.4
Not married and not living common-law	4,570	2,210	2,360	34.5	33.7	35.3
Not married and not living common law - Never married	2,860	1,595	1,270	21.6	24.3	19.0
Not married and not living common law - Separated	350	155	200	2.6	2.4	3.0
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	825	340	485	6.2	5.2	7.2
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	535	125	410	4.0	1.9	6.1
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	4,800	...	...	100.0	...	...
2 persons	2,720	...	...	56.7	...	...
3 persons	900	...	...	18.8	...	...
4 persons	865	...	...	18.0	...	...
5 or more persons	315	...	...	6.6	...	...
Average size of census families	2.8	...	...	2.8	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.8	...	...	1.8	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	4,795	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total couple families	4,255	...	...	88.7	...	...
Married couples	3,485	...	...	72.7	...	...
With children⁶	1,605	...	...	33.5	...	...
Without children	1,885	...	...	39.3	...	...
Common-law couples	765	...	...	16.0	...	...
With children⁶	275	...	...	5.7	...	...
Without children	490	...	...	10.2	...	...
Total one-parent families	545	...	...	11.4	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	390	...	...	8.1	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	155	...	...	3.2	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	15,630	7,715	7,910	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total - Persons in census families	13,285	6,580	6,705	85.0	85.3	84.8
Married spouses or common-law partners	8,510	4,260	4,245	54.4	55.2	53.7
Parents in one-parent families	545	155	390	3.5	2.0	4.9
Children⁶	4,230	2,165	2,070	27.1	28.1	26.2
In a two-parent family	3,430	1,735	1,695	21.9	22.5	21.4
In a one-parent family	800	430	375	5.1	5.6	4.7
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	2,340	1,135	1,200	15.0	14.7	15.2
Living alone	1,340	615	720	8.6	8.0	9.1
Living with other relatives⁷	340	145	200	2.2	1.9	2.5
Living with non-relatives only	660	375	280	4.2	4.9	3.5
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	6,205	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	4,095	...	...	66.0	...	...
Couple-family households	3,680	...	...	59.3	...	...
With children⁶	1,615	...	...	26.0	...	...
Without children	2,065	...	...	33.3	...	...
One-parent-family households	420	...	...	6.8	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	180	...	...	2.9	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	60	...	...	1.0	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	290	...	...	4.7	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	245	...	...	3.9	...	...
One-person households	1,335	...	...	21.5	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	13,060	6,455	6,605	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	12,740	6,290	6,445	97.5	97.4	97.6
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	44,400	54,400	37,200	44,400	54,400	37,200
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	12,765	6,305	6,455	97.7	97.7	97.7
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	40,000	48,000	34,000	40,000	48,000	34,000
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	11,760	5,875	5,880	90.0	91.0	89.0
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	38,800	50,800	28,600	38,800	50,800	28,600
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	9,285	4,720	4,560	71.1	73.1	69.0
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	38,800	51,200	28,800	38,800	51,200	28,800
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	10,160	4,695	5,465	77.8	72.7	82.7
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	9,500	9,000	10,200	9,500	9,000	10,200
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	1,335	630	705	10.2	9.8	10.7
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,640	5,560	5,720	5,640	5,560	5,720
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	3,270	1,500	1,765	25.0	23.2	26.7
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,000	7,500	8,000	8,000	7,500	8,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	13,060	6,450	6,610	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	12,745	6,320	6,430	97.6	98.0	97.3
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	61,600	75,000	48,400	61,600	75,000	48,400
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	12,765	6,325	6,440	97.7	98.1	97.4
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	49,840	58,550	41,320	49,840	58,550	41,320
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	11,730	5,880	5,840	89.8	91.2	88.4
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	57,750	72,200	43,160	57,750	72,200	43,160
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	9,280	4,740	4,540	71.1	73.5	68.7
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	54,300	69,500	38,480	54,300	69,500	38,480
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	10,165	4,725	5,440	77.8	73.3	82.3
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	10,590	10,330	10,820	10,590	10,330	10,820
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	1,250	595	650	9.6	9.2	9.8
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,140	6,960	7,280	7,140	6,960	7,280
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	3,245	1,550	1,700	24.8	24.0	25.7
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,430	7,970	8,850	8,430	7,970	8,850
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	13,060	6,455	6,610	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	4,140	2,395	1,750	31.7	37.1	26.5
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	65,000	72,500	54,800	65,000	72,500	54,800
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	78,500	90,600	61,800	78,500	90,600	61,800
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	3,995	1,765	2,225	30.6	27.3	33.7
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	19,600	25,400	17,400	19,600	25,400	17,400
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	37,600	52,800	25,480	37,600	52,800	25,480
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	86.2	89.6	81.0	86.2	89.6	81.0
Employment income (%)¹⁹	64.2	69.4	56.2	64.2	69.4	56.2
Government transfers (%)²⁰	13.7	10.3	18.9	13.7	10.3	18.9
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.1	0.9	1.5	1.1	0.9	1.5
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	4.3	3.2	6.1	4.3	3.2	6.1
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	3.5	2.6	4.8	3.5	2.6	4.8
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	13,065	6,455	6,610	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without total income	325	160	165	2.5	2.5	2.5
With total income	12,740	6,295	6,445	97.5	97.5	97.5
Under $10,000 (including loss)	1,025	400	625	8.0	6.4	9.7
$10,000 to $19,999	1,405	520	885	11.0	8.3	13.7
$20,000 to $29,999	1,765	710	1,050	13.9	11.3	16.3
$30,000 to $39,999	1,515	620	890	11.9	9.8	13.8
$40,000 to $49,999	1,395	625	770	10.9	9.9	11.9
$50,000 to $59,999	1,195	570	620	9.4	9.1	9.6
$60,000 to $69,999	970	535	430	7.6	8.5	6.7
$70,000 to $79,999	755	465	285	5.9	7.4	4.4
$80,000 to $89,999	610	385	225	4.8	6.1	3.5
$90,000 to $99,999	445	270	175	3.5	4.3	2.7
$100,000 and over	1,660	1,180	485	13.0	18.7	7.5
$100,000 to $149,999	1,030	710	325	8.1	11.3	5.0
$150,000 and over	630	475	155	4.9	7.5	2.4
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	13,065	6,455	6,610	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without after-tax income	295	145	150	2.3	2.2	2.3
With after-tax income	12,765	6,305	6,460	97.7	97.7	97.7
Under $10,000 (including loss)	1,130	440	690	8.9	7.0	10.7
$10,000 to $19,999	1,455	545	915	11.4	8.6	14.2
$20,000 to $29,999	2,025	800	1,225	15.9	12.7	19.0
$30,000 to $39,999	1,755	770	985	13.7	12.2	15.2
$40,000 to $49,999	1,600	745	860	12.5	11.8	13.3
$50,000 to $59,999	1,325	730	595	10.4	11.6	9.2
$60,000 to $69,999	930	565	360	7.3	9.0	5.6
$70,000 to $79,999	730	445	280	5.7	7.1	4.3
$80,000 to $89,999	505	325	180	4.0	5.2	2.8
$90,000 to $99,999	320	220	95	2.5	3.5	1.5
$100,000 and over	995	715	280	7.8	11.3	4.3
$100,000 to $124,999	460	315	150	3.6	5.0	2.3
$125,000 and over	535	405	130	4.2	6.4	2.0
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	13,065	6,455	6,610	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without employment income	3,780	1,730	2,045	28.9	26.8	30.9
With employment income	9,280	4,720	4,560	71.0	73.1	69.0
Under $5,000 (including loss)	1,330	550	785	14.3	11.7	17.2
$5,000 to $9,999	700	285	415	7.5	6.0	9.1
$10,000 to $19,999	1,110	455	660	12.0	9.6	14.5
$20,000 to $29,999	840	360	480	9.1	7.6	10.5
$30,000 to $39,999	740	345	395	8.0	7.3	8.7
$40,000 to $49,999	770	340	435	8.3	7.2	9.5
$50,000 to $59,999	735	365	365	7.9	7.7	8.0
$60,000 to $69,999	645	385	255	7.0	8.2	5.6
$70,000 to $79,999	490	290	200	5.3	6.1	4.4
$80,000 to $89,999	435	275	160	4.7	5.8	3.5
$90,000 to $99,999	340	230	110	3.7	4.9	2.4
$100,000 and over	1,150	855	295	12.4	18.1	6.5
$100,000 to $124,999	480	340	140	5.2	7.2	3.1
$125,000 and over	665	515	155	7.2	10.9	3.4
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	13,060	6,455	6,605	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	12,450	6,150	6,300	95.3	95.3	95.4
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	43,200	54,800	34,400	43,200	54,800	34,400
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	12,480	6,160	6,325	95.6	95.4	95.8
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	38,400	47,200	31,000	38,400	47,200	31,000
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	11,710	5,860	5,850	89.7	90.8	88.6
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	40,000	52,400	30,200	40,000	52,400	30,200
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	9,620	4,910	4,710	73.7	76.1	71.3
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	38,400	50,400	29,600	38,400	50,400	29,600
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	8,040	3,425	4,620	61.6	53.1	69.9
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	7,150	7,350	7,000	7,150	7,350	7,000
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	1,125	515	610	8.6	8.0	9.2
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	5,600	5,080	6,240	5,600	5,080	6,240
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	13,060	6,450	6,610	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	12,515	6,180	6,335	95.8	95.8	95.8
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	63,000	80,900	45,520	63,000	80,900	45,520
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	12,540	6,180	6,355	96.0	95.8	96.1
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	50,600	62,650	38,840	50,600	62,650	38,840
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	11,775	5,915	5,860	90.2	91.7	88.7
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	61,250	79,500	42,800	61,250	79,500	42,800
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	9,725	4,980	4,745	74.5	77.2	71.8
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	53,000	67,800	37,520	53,000	67,800	37,520
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	7,915	3,350	4,565	60.6	51.9	69.1
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	8,470	8,840	8,200	8,470	8,840	8,200
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	1,030	480	550	7.9	7.4	8.3
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	7,100	6,120	7,920	7,100	6,120	7,920
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	13,060	6,455	6,610	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	4,140	2,405	1,740	31.7	37.3	26.3
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	61,200	70,000	50,800	61,200	70,000	50,800
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	73,600	85,900	56,450	73,600	85,900	56,450
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	3,880	1,700	2,180	29.7	26.3	33.0
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	25,600	32,000	22,000	25,600	32,000	22,000
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	43,240	61,600	28,920	43,240	61,600	28,920
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	91.4	94.0	87.0	91.4	94.0	87.0
Employment income (%)	65.4	67.6	61.8	65.4	67.6	61.8
Government transfers (%)	8.5	5.9	13.0	8.5	5.9	13.0
Employment insurance benefits (%)	0.9	0.6	1.5	0.9	0.6	1.5
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	6,205	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	98,000	...	...	98,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	87,000	...	...	87,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	1,335	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	46,000	...	...	46,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	41,200	...	...	41,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	4,870	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	114,000	...	...	114,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	100,000	...	...	100,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	6,205	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	126,500	...	...	126,500	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	102,600	...	...	102,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	1,335	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	58,200	...	...	58,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	47,000	...	...	47,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	4,865	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	145,200	...	...	145,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	117,800	...	...	117,800	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	6,205	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	50	...	...	0.8	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	25	...	...	0.4	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	35	...	...	0.6	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	95	...	...	1.5	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	185	...	...	3.0	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	145	...	...	2.3	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	160	...	...	2.6	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	175	...	...	2.8	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	190	...	...	3.1	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	190	...	...	3.1	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	360	...	...	5.8	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	415	...	...	6.7	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	400	...	...	6.4	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	380	...	...	6.1	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	365	...	...	5.9	...	...
$100,000 and over	3,045	...	...	49.1	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	790	...	...	12.7	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	630	...	...	10.2	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	830	...	...	13.4	...	...
$200,000 and over	795	...	...	12.8	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	6,205	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	70	...	...	1.1	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	25	...	...	0.4	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	35	...	...	0.6	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	105	...	...	1.7	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	190	...	...	3.1	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	180	...	...	2.9	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	175	...	...	2.8	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	210	...	...	3.4	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	230	...	...	3.7	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	185	...	...	3.0	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	475	...	...	7.7	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	475	...	...	7.7	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	470	...	...	7.6	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	435	...	...	7.0	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	415	...	...	6.7	...	...
$100,000 and over	2,545	...	...	41.0	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	865	...	...	13.9	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	650	...	...	10.5	...	...
$150,000 and over	1,020	...	...	16.4	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	4,710	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	113,000	...	...	113,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	98,000	...	...	98,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.9	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	2,160	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	102,000	...	...	102,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	89,000	...	...	89,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	1,895	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	141,000	...	...	141,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	122,000	...	...	122,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	4.0	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	500	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	73,500	...	...	73,500	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	67,000	...	...	67,000	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	1,995	990	1,005	...	...	...
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	42,000	46,400	39,200	42,000	46,400	39,200
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	38,400	41,200	35,600	38,400	41,200	35,600
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	4,680	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	144,600	...	...	144,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	116,800	...	...	116,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	2,145	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	132,000	...	...	132,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	107,400	...	...	107,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,900	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	169,800	...	...	169,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	135,600	...	...	135,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	495	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	104,400	...	...	104,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	86,000	...	...	86,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	2,050	955	1,100	...	...	...
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	52,650	56,400	49,400	52,650	56,400	49,400
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	43,560	44,000	43,200	43,560	44,000	43,200
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	15,625	7,720	7,910	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	3,075	1,520	1,555	19.7	19.7	19.7
0 to 5 years	955	460	490	6.1	6.0	6.2
18 to 64 years	9,670	4,760	4,910	61.9	61.7	62.1
65 years and over	2,880	1,440	1,445	18.4	18.7	18.3
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	1,275	600	680	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	245	120	125	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	65	40	25	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	715	330	380	...	...	...
65 years and over	325	145	180	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	8.2	7.7	8.6	8.2	7.7	8.6
0 to 17 years (%)	7.9	7.8	7.8	7.9	7.8	7.8
0 to 5 years (%)	7.0	8.8	5.2	7.0	8.8	5.2
18 to 64 years (%)	7.4	7.0	7.7	7.4	7.0	7.7
65 years and over (%)	11.3	10.0	12.5	11.3	10.0	12.5
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	15,630	7,715	7,910	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	3,075	1,515	1,560	19.7	19.6	19.7
0 to 5 years	955	465	495	6.1	6.0	6.3
18 to 64 years	9,670	4,760	4,910	61.9	61.7	62.1
65 years and over	2,885	1,440	1,440	18.5	18.7	18.2
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	440	215	220	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	90	40	45	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	20	10	10	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	310	160	150	...	...	...
65 years and over	45	20	25	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	2.8	2.8	2.8	2.8	2.8	2.8
0 to 17 years (%)	2.9	2.6	3.1	2.9	2.6	3.1
0 to 5 years (%)	2.2	2.0	2.4	2.2	2.0	2.4
18 to 64 years (%)	3.2	3.3	3.0	3.2	3.3	3.0
65 years and over (%)	1.6	1.5	1.6	1.6	1.5	1.6
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	15,625	7,720	7,910	100.0	100.0	100.0
In bottom half of the distribution	6,530	3,175	3,355	41.8	41.1	42.4
In bottom decile	1,245	595	650	8.0	7.7	8.2
In second decile	1,195	545	655	7.6	7.1	8.3
In third decile	1,320	645	675	8.4	8.4	8.5
In fourth decile	1,340	670	670	8.6	8.7	8.5
In fifth decile	1,420	720	700	9.1	9.3	8.8
In top half of the distribution	9,100	4,545	4,555	58.2	58.9	57.6
In sixth decile	1,610	805	805	10.3	10.4	10.2
In seventh decile	1,710	840	875	10.9	10.9	11.1
In eighth decile	1,930	965	965	12.4	12.5	12.2
In ninth decile	1,775	890	885	11.4	11.5	11.2
In top decile	2,070	1,050	1,025	13.2	13.6	13.0
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	15,630	...	...	15,630	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.341	...	...	0.341	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.429	...	...	0.429	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.300	...	...	0.300	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.7	...	...	3.7	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	15,725	7,765	7,960	100.0	100.0	100.0
English only	14,595	7,275	7,320	92.8	93.7	92.0
French only	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and French	1,065	455	615	6.8	5.9	7.7
Neither English nor French	55	30	25	0.3	0.4	0.3
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	15,725	7,765	7,960	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	15,470	7,630	7,835	98.4	98.3	98.4
French	180	95	85	1.1	1.2	1.1
English and French	25	10	15	0.2	0.1	0.2
Neither English nor French	55	30	25	0.3	0.4	0.3
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	15,725	7,765	7,960	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	15,495	7,665	7,835	98.5	98.7	98.4
Official languages	14,190	7,055	7,135	90.2	90.9	89.6
English	13,980	6,945	7,035	88.9	89.4	88.4
French	205	110	95	1.3	1.4	1.2
Non-official languages	1,310	610	700	8.3	7.9	8.8
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	1,305	610	695	8.3	7.9	8.7
Afro-Asiatic languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	40	15	30	0.3	0.2	0.4
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	35	15	20	0.2	0.2	0.3
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	1,115	540	575	7.1	7.0	7.2
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	220	105	110	1.4	1.4	1.4
Baltic languages	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Slavic languages	210	105	110	1.3	1.4	1.4
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	40	20	20	0.3	0.3	0.3
Russian	95	45	50	0.6	0.6	0.6
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	10	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Serbian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Slovene (Slovenian)	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Ukrainian	30	15	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	490	235	260	3.1	3.0	3.3
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	370	170	200	2.4	2.2	2.5
German	355	160	195	2.3	2.1	2.4
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	15	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	100	55	45	0.6	0.7	0.6
Afrikaans	25	15	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Dutch	70	40	35	0.4	0.5	0.4
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Scandinavian languages	20	15	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Danish	15	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Indo-Iranian languages	225	115	110	1.4	1.5	1.4
Indo-Aryan languages	190	100	95	1.2	1.3	1.2
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	20	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	160	80	75	1.0	1.0	0.9
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	30	15	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	30	15	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Dari	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	170	85	90	1.1	1.1	1.1
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	50	25	25	0.3	0.3	0.3
Portuguese	30	10	20	0.2	0.1	0.3
Romanian	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Spanish	75	35	40	0.5	0.5	0.5
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
Korean	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	45	20	25	0.3	0.3	0.3
Chinese languages	45	20	25	0.3	0.3	0.3
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	20	15	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	20	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.2
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	35	15	20	0.2	0.2	0.3
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Hungarian	25	10	15	0.2	0.1	0.2
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	225	105	125	1.4	1.4	1.6
English and French	60	25	35	0.4	0.3	0.4
English and non-official language(s)	145	70	80	0.9	0.9	1.0
French and non-official language(s)	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Multiple non-official languages	15	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	15,725	7,765	7,960	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	14,470	7,175	7,295	92.0	92.4	91.6
French	25	15	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
Non-official language	225	120	105	1.4	1.5	1.3
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	225	120	105	1.4	1.5	1.3
English and French	135	75	65	0.9	1.0	0.8
English and non-official language(s)	815	360	455	5.2	4.6	5.7
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	35	15	20	0.2	0.2	0.3
Multiple non-official languages	20	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	15,725	7,765	7,960	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	15,560	7,695	7,865	99.0	99.1	98.8
Official languages	15,090	7,465	7,630	96.0	96.1	95.9
English	15,055	7,445	7,610	95.7	95.9	95.6
French	40	20	20	0.3	0.3	0.3
Non-official languages	470	230	235	3.0	3.0	3.0
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	470	230	235	3.0	3.0	3.0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	390	190	195	2.5	2.4	2.4
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	65	35	30	0.4	0.5	0.4
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	65	30	35	0.4	0.4	0.4
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Russian	45	20	25	0.3	0.3	0.3
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	120	60	55	0.8	0.8	0.7
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	90	40	40	0.6	0.5	0.5
German	80	40	45	0.5	0.5	0.6
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	30	20	15	0.2	0.3	0.2
Afrikaans	15	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Dutch	20	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Indo-Iranian languages	150	75	75	1.0	1.0	0.9
Indo-Aryan languages	130	70	65	0.8	0.9	0.8
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	120	55	65	0.8	0.7	0.8
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Dari	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	40	20	20	0.3	0.3	0.3
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Romanian	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Spanish	25	10	5	0.2	0.1	0.1
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
American Sign Language	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	25	10	15	0.2	0.1	0.2
Chinese languages	25	10	15	0.2	0.1	0.2
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	165	70	90	1.0	0.9	1.1
English and French	15	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
English and non-official language(s)	150	60	85	1.0	0.8	1.1
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	15,720	7,765	7,960	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	14,875	7,375	7,505	94.6	95.0	94.3
English	195	90	105	1.2	1.2	1.3
French	115	60	50	0.7	0.8	0.6
Non-official language	435	195	240	2.8	2.5	3.0
Indigenous³⁹	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Non-Indigenous	435	190	240	2.8	2.4	3.0
English and French	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	40	15	20	0.3	0.2	0.3
French and non-official language(s)	25	10	10	0.2	0.1	0.1
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	40	15	25	0.3	0.2	0.3
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	15,630	7,720	7,910	100.0	100.0	100.0
Official languages	15,565	7,665	7,900	99.6	99.3	99.9
English	15,565	7,665	7,900	99.6	99.3	99.9
French	1,065	455	605	6.8	5.9	7.6
Non-official languages	1,930	885	1,050	12.3	11.5	13.3
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	1,930	885	1,050	12.3	11.5	13.3
Afro-Asiatic languages	25	20	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	25	20	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	15	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	80	35	45	0.5	0.5	0.6
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	70	30	40	0.4	0.4	0.5
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	20	15	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	1,580	725	850	10.1	9.4	10.7
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	290	145	145	1.9	1.9	1.8
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	290	145	145	1.9	1.9	1.8
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	50	20	30	0.3	0.3	0.4
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	35	15	25	0.2	0.2	0.3
Russian	135	70	75	0.9	0.9	0.9
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	45	30	15	0.3	0.4	0.2
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	35	25	10	0.2	0.3	0.1
Serbian	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	30	15	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	20	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	670	330	340	4.3	4.3	4.3
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	530	260	270	3.4	3.4	3.4
German	530	255	270	3.4	3.3	3.4
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	150	85	70	1.0	1.1	0.9
Afrikaans	50	25	25	0.3	0.3	0.3
Dutch	110	65	50	0.7	0.8	0.6
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	25	10	10	0.2	0.1	0.1
Danish	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	280	135	140	1.8	1.7	1.8
Indo-Aryan languages	225	105	115	1.4	1.4	1.5
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	95	45	50	0.6	0.6	0.6
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	175	80	95	1.1	1.0	1.2
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	50	30	25	0.3	0.4	0.3
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	50	30	25	0.3	0.4	0.3
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	50	20	25	0.3	0.3	0.3
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	485	195	285	3.1	2.5	3.6
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	90	30	65	0.6	0.4	0.8
Portuguese	70	15	55	0.4	0.2	0.7
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	330	155	180	2.1	2.0	2.3
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	45	15	25	0.3	0.2	0.3
Korean	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	65	25	40	0.4	0.3	0.5
American Sign Language	35	10	25	0.2	0.1	0.3
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	30	15	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Sino-Tibetan languages	45	25	25	0.3	0.3	0.3
Chinese languages	45	25	25	0.3	0.3	0.3
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	30	10	25	0.2	0.1	0.3
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	55	30	25	0.4	0.4	0.3
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Hungarian	40	15	20	0.3	0.2	0.3
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	15,625	7,715	7,910	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	970	480	495	6.2	6.2	6.3
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	935	450	485	6.0	5.8	6.1
First Nations (North American Indian)	405	210	195	2.6	2.7	2.5
Métis	525	240	290	3.4	3.1	3.7
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	30	30	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous identity	14,655	7,240	7,415	93.8	93.8	93.7
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	15,625	7,715	7,910	100.0	100.0	100.0
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	205	110	90	1.3	1.4	1.1
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	15,420	7,605	7,820	98.7	98.6	98.9
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	6,205	...	...	100.0	...	...
Owner	4,870	...	...	78.5	...	...
Renter	1,335	...	...	21.5	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	6,205	...	...	100.0	...	...
Condominium	635	...	...	10.2	...	...
Not condominium	5,570	...	...	89.8	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	6,205	...	...	100.0	...	...
No bedrooms	10	...	...	0.2	...	...
1 bedroom	470	...	...	7.6	...	...
2 bedrooms	1,310	...	...	21.1	...	...
3 bedrooms	2,010	...	...	32.4	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	2,400	...	...	38.7	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	6,205	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	1,270	...	...	20.5	...	...
5 rooms	685	...	...	11.0	...	...
6 rooms	855	...	...	13.8	...	...
7 rooms	805	...	...	13.0	...	...
8 or more rooms	2,590	...	...	41.7	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	7.0	...	...	7.0	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	6,205	...	...	100.0	...	...
One person or fewer per room	6,110	...	...	98.5	...	...
More than one person per room	90	...	...	1.5	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	6,205	...	...	100.0	...	...
Suitable	6,000	...	...	96.7	...	...
Not suitable	210	...	...	3.4	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	6,205	...	...	100.0	...	...
1960 or before	405	...	...	6.5	...	...
1961 to 1980	1,350	...	...	21.8	...	...
1981 to 1990	685	...	...	11.0	...	...
1991 to 2000	925	...	...	14.9	...	...
2001 to 2005	310	...	...	5.0	...	...
2006 to 2010	955	...	...	15.4	...	...
2011 to 2015	600	...	...	9.7	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	980	...	...	15.8	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	6,205	...	...	100.0	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	5,935	...	...	95.6	...	...
Major repairs needed	270	...	...	4.4	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	6,205	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-maintainer household	2,565	...	...	41.3	...	...
Two-maintainer household	3,245	...	...	52.3	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	390	...	...	6.3	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	6,205	...	...	100.0	...	...
15 to 24 years	120	...	...	1.9	...	...
25 to 34 years	735	...	...	11.8	...	...
35 to 44 years	1,110	...	...	17.9	...	...
45 to 54 years	1,080	...	...	17.4	...	...
55 to 64 years	1,455	...	...	23.4	...	...
65 to 74 years	1,110	...	...	17.9	...	...
75 to 84 years	495	...	...	8.0	...	...
85 years and over	100	...	...	1.6	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	6,100	...	...	100.0	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	4,690	...	...	76.9	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	1,410	...	...	23.1	...	...
30% to less than 100%	1,245	...	...	20.4	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	6,205	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	1,755	...	...	28.3	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	1,295	...	...	20.9	...	...
Not suitable only	155	...	...	2.5	...	...
Major repairs needed only	185	...	...	3.0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	35	...	...	0.6	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	65	...	...	1.0	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	10	...	...	0.2	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Acceptable housing	4,450	...	...	71.7	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	5,930	...	...	100.0	...	...
In core need	420	...	...	7.1	...	...
Not in core need	5,515	...	...	93.0	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	4,770	...	...	...	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	64.4	...	...	64.4	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	18.5	...	...	18.5	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	3.9	...	...	3.9	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,780	...	...	1,780	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,830	...	...	1,830	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	800,000	...	...	800,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	961,000	...	...	961,000	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	1,335	...	...	...	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	10.1	...	...	10.1	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	39.3	...	...	39.3	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	18.6	...	...	18.6	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,400	...	...	1,400	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,466	...	...	1,466	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	...	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	15,625	7,715	7,910	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	175	75	100	1.1	1.0	1.3
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	175	75	100	1.1	1.0	1.3
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	95	40	60	0.6	0.5	0.8
Métis single ancestry	80	35	40	0.5	0.5	0.5
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	955	520	430	6.1	6.7	5.4
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	900	485	420	5.8	6.3	5.3
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	555	335	220	3.6	4.3	2.8
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	345	145	195	2.2	1.9	2.5
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	50	35	10	0.3	0.5	0.1
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	50	35	10	0.3	0.5	0.1
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	14,500	7,125	7,380	92.8	92.4	93.3
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	15,625	7,720	7,905	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	14,990	7,410	7,580	95.9	96.0	95.9
Canadian citizens aged under 18	2,995	1,455	1,540	19.2	18.8	19.5
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	11,995	5,955	6,035	76.8	77.1	76.3
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	635	305	325	4.1	4.0	4.1
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	15,625	7,720	7,905	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	13,710	6,810	6,900	87.7	88.2	87.3
Immigrants⁸¹	1,825	855	965	11.7	11.1	12.2
Before 1980	650	305	340	4.2	4.0	4.3
1980 to 1990	235	105	125	1.5	1.4	1.6
1991 to 2000	215	80	130	1.4	1.0	1.6
2001 to 2010	390	195	190	2.5	2.5	2.4
2011 to 2021⁸²	340	165	175	2.2	2.1	2.2
2011 to 2015	145	70	80	0.9	0.9	1.0
2016 to 2021	190	95	95	1.2	1.2	1.2
Non-permanent residents⁸³	95	55	40	0.6	0.7	0.5
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	1,825	855	970	100.0	100.0	100.0
Under 5 years	245	110	130	13.4	12.9	13.4
5 to 14 years	430	195	230	23.6	22.8	23.7
15 to 24 years	335	150	190	18.4	17.5	19.6
25 to 44 years	680	325	360	37.3	38.0	37.1
45 years and over	130	75	60	7.1	8.8	6.2
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	1,825	855	970	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	290	95	195	15.9	11.1	20.1
Brazil	10	0	10	0.5	0.0	1.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
El Salvador	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyana	10	0	10	0.5	0.0	1.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	20	0	10	1.1	0.0	1.0
Mexico	10	0	10	0.5	0.0	1.0
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidad and Tobago	10	0	10	0.5	0.0	1.0
United States of America	160	70	90	8.8	8.2	9.3
Other places of birth in Americas	65	20	45	3.6	2.3	4.6
Europe	975	485	490	53.4	56.7	50.5
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatia	10	0	0	0.5	0.0	0.0
France	20	15	0	1.1	1.8	0.0
Germany	200	85	110	11.0	9.9	11.3
Greece	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	20	10	10	1.1	1.2	1.0
Italy	10	0	0	0.5	0.0	0.0
Netherlands	50	35	10	2.7	4.1	1.0
Poland	25	15	10	1.4	1.8	1.0
Portugal	15	0	15	0.8	0.0	1.5
Romania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	35	15	20	1.9	1.8	2.1
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	425	215	210	23.3	25.1	21.6
Other places of birth in Europe	145	70	80	7.9	8.2	8.2
Africa	70	35	30	3.8	4.1	3.1
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	55	25	30	3.0	2.9	3.1
Other places of birth in Africa	15	0	0	0.8	0.0	0.0
Asia	415	195	220	22.7	22.8	22.7
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	25	15	10	1.4	1.8	1.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	10	10	0	0.5	1.2	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	25	0	25	1.4	0.0	2.6
Hong Kong⁹¹	10	10	0	0.5	1.2	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	15	0	10	0.8	0.0	1.0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	55	20	40	3.0	2.3	4.1
Viet Nam	20	0	15	1.1	0.0	1.5
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	120	60	65	6.6	7.0	6.7
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	105	50	50	5.8	5.8	5.2
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	80	50	30	4.4	5.8	3.1
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	190	100	90	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	35	20	15	18.4	20.0	16.7
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	25	15	10	13.2	15.0	11.1
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Europe	45	25	20	23.7	25.0	22.2
France	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germany	10	0	0	5.3	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	20	15	0	10.5	15.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Europe	10	0	0	5.3	0.0	0.0
Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asia	90	45	45	47.4	45.0	50.0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	20	0	10	10.5	0.0	11.1
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	15	0	15	7.9	0.0	16.7
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	35	20	15	18.4	20.0	16.7
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	10	0	10	5.3	0.0	11.1
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania and other⁹³	15	10	10	7.9	10.0	11.1
Australia	10	10	0	5.3	10.0	0.0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	15,630	7,720	7,910	100.0	100.0	100.0
First generation¹⁰⁰	2,110	1,000	1,110	13.5	13.0	14.0
Second generation¹⁰¹	2,750	1,425	1,325	17.6	18.5	16.8
Third generation or more¹⁰²	10,765	5,295	5,470	68.9	68.6	69.2
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	1,175	545	625	100.0	100.0	100.0
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	655	325	335	55.7	59.6	53.6
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	230	155	80	19.6	28.4	12.8
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	425	170	255	36.2	31.2	40.8
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	455	190	265	38.7	34.9	42.4
Refugees¹⁰⁸	60	30	30	5.1	5.5	4.8
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	1,175	545	625	100.0	100.0	100.0
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	20	10	10	1.7	1.8	1.6
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	240	115	130	20.4	21.1	20.8
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	65	30	35	5.5	5.5	5.6
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	65	10	50	5.5	1.8	8.0
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	780	385	395	66.4	70.6	63.2
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	15,630	7,715	7,910	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	990	425	565	6.3	5.5	7.1
South Asian	315	150	170	2.0	1.9	2.1
Chinese	140	50	90	0.9	0.6	1.1
Black	60	35	25	0.4	0.5	0.3
Filipino	90	40	50	0.6	0.5	0.6
Arab	25	25	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
Latin American	100	40	60	0.6	0.5	0.8
Southeast Asian	45	15	30	0.3	0.2	0.4
West Asian	40	20	25	0.3	0.3	0.3
Korean	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
Japanese	120	45	75	0.8	0.6	0.9
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	25	10	15	0.2	0.1	0.2
Multiple visible minorities	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	14,635	7,290	7,340	93.6	94.5	92.8
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	15,625	7,720	7,905	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian	2,405	1,235	1,170	15.4	16.0	14.8
English	4,955	2,315	2,640	31.7	30.0	33.4
Irish	2,785	1,385	1,395	17.8	17.9	17.6
Scottish	3,375	1,670	1,705	21.6	21.6	21.6
French, n.o.s.¹²²	1,600	815	785	10.2	10.6	9.9
German	3,560	1,770	1,790	22.8	22.9	22.6
Chinese	150	45	100	1.0	0.6	1.3
Italian	675	310	360	4.3	4.0	4.6
Indian (India)	200	90	115	1.3	1.2	1.5
Ukrainian	1,140	525	615	7.3	6.8	7.8
Dutch	845	440	405	5.4	5.7	5.1
Polish	570	290	285	3.6	3.8	3.6
Québécois	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	645	325	325	4.1	4.2	4.1
Filipino	90	35	55	0.6	0.5	0.7
French Canadian	145	75	70	0.9	1.0	0.9
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	225	120	100	1.4	1.6	1.3
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	385	220	165	2.5	2.8	2.1
Métis	470	220	250	3.0	2.8	3.2
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	355	145	205	2.3	1.9	2.6
Russian	705	335	365	4.5	4.3	4.6
Norwegian	710	350	365	4.5	4.5	4.6
Welsh	400	175	225	2.6	2.3	2.8
Portuguese	130	75	55	0.8	1.0	0.7
American	310	140	165	2.0	1.8	2.1
Spanish	60	25	35	0.4	0.3	0.4
Swedish	555	225	335	3.6	2.9	4.2
Hungarian	300	155	140	1.9	2.0	1.8
Acadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
Jewish	95	50	45	0.6	0.6	0.6
Punjabi	40	20	20	0.3	0.3	0.3
Vietnamese	20	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	55	20	35	0.4	0.3	0.4
Jamaican	15	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	25	0	20	0.2	0.0	0.3
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	75	35	40	0.5	0.5	0.5
Korean	35	0	30	0.2	0.0	0.4
Romanian	110	40	65	0.7	0.5	0.8
Lebanese	40	25	15	0.3	0.3	0.2
Iranian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	90	45	40	0.6	0.6	0.5
Danish	240	115	125	1.5	1.5	1.6
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	60	35	20	0.4	0.5	0.3
Sikh	80	35	35	0.5	0.5	0.4
Austrian	185	70	120	1.2	0.9	1.5
Belgian	120	75	50	0.8	1.0	0.6
Haitian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindu	25	10	15	0.2	0.1	0.2
Mexican	30	15	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Mennonite	125	65	60	0.8	0.8	0.8
Swiss	155	95	65	1.0	1.2	0.8
Finnish	115	50	70	0.7	0.6	0.9
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	145	60	80	0.9	0.8	1.0
Japanese	120	50	65	0.8	0.6	0.8
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	25	10	10	0.2	0.1	0.1
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	185	85	100	1.2	1.1	1.3
Muslim	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egyptian	15	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	110	55	55	0.7	0.7	0.7
Colombian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moroccan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	100	40	65	0.6	0.5	0.8
Syrian	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afghan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Serbian	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Konger	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ontarian	25	0	20	0.2	0.0	0.3
Persian	35	15	20	0.2	0.2	0.3
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	25	10	15	0.2	0.1	0.2
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazilian	35	15	20	0.2	0.2	0.3
Nigerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	60	25	30	0.4	0.3	0.4
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	45	20	25	0.3	0.3	0.3
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	15	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquin	25	10	10	0.2	0.1	0.1
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	30	0	25	0.2	0.0	0.3
South African	45	25	20	0.3	0.3	0.3
Australian	35	35	0	0.2	0.5	0.0
Palestinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chilean	50	25	25	0.3	0.3	0.3
Congolese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nova Scotian	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peruvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	25	20	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovenian	20	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.2
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	30	30	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Canadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israeli	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albertan	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African American	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	25	20	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Cuban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Laotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Irish	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
British Columbian	115	65	50	0.7	0.8	0.6
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jatt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dominican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Byelorussian	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Abenaki	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	15	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
New Zealander	30	0	25	0.2	0.0	0.3
Sudanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Breton	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania Dutch	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Malaysian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saskatchewanian	25	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.1
Buddhist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gaspesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norman	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Burundian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Manitoban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mayan	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Honduran	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cherokee	25	10	15	0.2	0.1	0.2
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Flemish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Goan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamileke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Libyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Basque	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igorot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guinean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maliseet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Beninese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Roma	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tajik	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amhara	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	15,625	7,715	7,910	100.0	100.0	100.0
Buddhist	35	0	35	0.2	0.0	0.4
Christian	6,060	2,790	3,270	38.8	36.2	41.3
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	2,020	960	1,060	12.9	12.4	13.4
Anabaptist	35	20	20	0.2	0.3	0.3
Anglican	460	190	275	2.9	2.5	3.5
Baptist	215	90	125	1.4	1.2	1.6
Catholic	1,470	740	730	9.4	9.6	9.2
Christian Orthodox	40	15	25	0.3	0.2	0.3
Jehovah's Witness	230	110	120	1.5	1.4	1.5
Latter Day Saints	50	25	30	0.3	0.3	0.4
Lutheran	330	160	165	2.1	2.1	2.1
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	25	0	20	0.2	0.0	0.3
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	125	50	80	0.8	0.6	1.0
Presbyterian	75	25	50	0.5	0.3	0.6
Reformed	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
United Church	620	265	360	4.0	3.4	4.6
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	360	150	210	2.3	1.9	2.7
Hindu	55	30	30	0.4	0.4	0.4
Jewish	25	20	10	0.2	0.3	0.1
Muslim	35	25	10	0.2	0.3	0.1
Sikh	170	80	90	1.1	1.0	1.1
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	155	65	95	1.0	0.8	1.2
No religion and secular perspectives	9,080	4,705	4,380	58.1	61.0	55.4
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	15,490	7,665	7,830	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	13,085	6,545	6,540	84.5	85.4	83.5
Movers	2,410	1,120	1,290	15.6	14.6	16.5
Non-migrants	945	415	530	6.1	5.4	6.8
Migrants	1,465	705	755	9.5	9.2	9.6
Internal migrants	1,355	635	720	8.7	8.3	9.2
Intraprovincial migrants	950	435	520	6.1	5.7	6.6
Interprovincial migrants	405	200	200	2.6	2.6	2.6
External migrants	110	70	40	0.7	0.9	0.5
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	14,835	7,325	7,515	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	7,340	3,685	3,660	49.5	50.3	48.7
Movers	7,495	3,640	3,855	50.5	49.7	51.3
Non-migrants	1,700	855	850	11.5	11.7	11.3
Migrants	5,795	2,785	3,010	39.1	38.0	40.1
Internal migrants	5,465	2,630	2,835	36.8	35.9	37.7
Intraprovincial migrants	3,940	1,900	2,040	26.6	25.9	27.1
Interprovincial migrants	1,525	735	795	10.3	10.0	10.6
External migrants	330	155	170	2.2	2.1	2.3
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	13,060	6,450	6,610	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	1,830	1,000	830	14.0	15.5	12.6
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	11,230	5,450	5,775	86.0	84.5	87.4
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	8,660	4,250	4,415	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	780	465	315	9.0	10.9	7.1
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	7,880	3,780	4,095	91.0	88.9	92.8
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	13,060	6,455	6,610	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	1,535	805	730	11.8	12.5	11.0
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	4,000	2,025	1,975	30.6	31.4	29.9
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	7,525	3,620	3,905	57.6	56.1	59.1
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	4,755	2,430	2,325	36.4	37.6	35.2
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	1,470	1,150	320	11.3	17.8	4.8
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	480	280	200	3.7	4.3	3.0
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	995	870	125	7.6	13.5	1.9
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	2,970	1,185	1,790	22.7	18.4	27.1
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	310	95	215	2.4	1.5	3.3
Bachelor's degree or higher	2,770	1,190	1,580	21.2	18.4	23.9
Bachelor's degree	1,885	800	1,080	14.4	12.4	16.3
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	185	60	125	1.4	0.9	1.9
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	85	65	20	0.7	1.0	0.3
Master's degree	490	205	290	3.8	3.2	4.4
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	120	65	60	0.9	1.0	0.9
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	8,665	4,250	4,410	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	645	390	255	7.4	9.2	5.8
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	2,425	1,250	1,180	28.0	29.4	26.8
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	5,595	2,615	2,980	64.6	61.5	67.6
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	3,460	1,760	1,700	39.9	41.4	38.5
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	1,060	830	230	12.2	19.5	5.2
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	340	190	155	3.9	4.5	3.5
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	715	645	70	8.3	15.2	1.6
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	2,210	865	1,345	25.5	20.4	30.5
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	190	60	125	2.2	1.4	2.8
Bachelor's degree or higher	2,135	855	1,280	24.6	20.1	29.0
Bachelor's degree	1,445	570	875	16.7	13.4	19.8
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	160	50	105	1.8	1.2	2.4
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	60	40	15	0.7	0.9	0.3
Master's degree	400	150	245	4.6	3.5	5.6
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	70	40	35	0.8	0.9	0.8
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	13,065	6,455	6,605	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	5,535	2,835	2,705	42.4	43.9	41.0
Education	520	135	380	4.0	2.1	5.8
13. Education	520	135	380	4.0	2.1	5.8
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	220	70	150	1.7	1.1	2.3
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	40	15	20	0.3	0.2	0.3
50. Visual and performing arts	180	50	130	1.4	0.8	2.0
Humanities	270	105	165	2.1	1.6	2.5
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	25	10	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
23. English language and literature/letters	80	15	70	0.6	0.2	1.1
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	70	40	35	0.5	0.6	0.5
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
38. Philosophy and religious studies	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
39. Theology and religious vocations	30	15	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
54. History	35	10	20	0.3	0.2	0.3
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	750	225	525	5.7	3.5	7.9
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	100	25	70	0.8	0.4	1.1
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	120	10	115	0.9	0.2	1.7
22. Legal professions and studies	155	25	130	1.2	0.4	2.0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	15	10	10	0.1	0.2	0.2
42. Psychology	140	35	110	1.1	0.5	1.7
45. Social sciences	215	120	90	1.6	1.9	1.4
Business, management and public administration	1,545	570	970	11.8	8.8	14.7
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	85	10	75	0.7	0.2	1.1
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	1,455	565	890	11.1	8.8	13.5
Physical and life sciences and technologies	250	120	130	1.9	1.9	2.0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	100	30	65	0.8	0.5	1.0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	60	35	30	0.5	0.5	0.5
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
40. Physical sciences	75	55	20	0.6	0.9	0.3
41. Science technologies/technicians	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	180	115	65	1.4	1.8	1.0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	135	95	40	1.0	1.5	0.6
25. Library science	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
27. Mathematics and statistics	30	15	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	1,845	1,730	110	14.1	26.8	1.7
04. Architecture and related services	50	15	30	0.4	0.2	0.5
14. Engineering	220	195	25	1.7	3.0	0.4
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	365	355	15	2.8	5.5	0.2
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	615	600	15	4.7	9.3	0.2
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	400	395	0	3.1	6.1	0.0
48. Precision production	195	180	15	1.5	2.8	0.2
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	225	120	105	1.7	1.9	1.6
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	135	75	60	1.0	1.2	0.9
03. Natural resources and conservation	90	40	45	0.7	0.6	0.7
Health and related fields	1,220	205	1,020	9.3	3.2	15.4
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	80	30	50	0.6	0.5	0.8
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	1,115	155	960	8.5	2.4	14.5
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	25	15	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Personal, protective and transportation services	500	215	280	3.8	3.3	4.2
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	330	70	260	2.5	1.1	3.9
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	60	50	10	0.5	0.8	0.2
49. Transportation and materials moving	110	95	15	0.8	1.5	0.2
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	8,660	4,250	4,410	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	3,065	1,635	1,435	35.4	38.5	32.5
Education	305	85	225	3.5	2.0	5.1
13. Education	305	85	225	3.5	2.0	5.1
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	195	55	145	2.3	1.3	3.3
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	30	10	20	0.3	0.2	0.5
50. Visual and performing arts	165	50	120	1.9	1.2	2.7
Humanities	185	80	100	2.1	1.9	2.3
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	20	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.3
23. English language and literature/letters	65	15	50	0.8	0.4	1.1
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	50	25	20	0.6	0.6	0.5
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
39. Theology and religious vocations	15	15	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
54. History	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	585	145	445	6.8	3.4	10.1
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	85	20	65	1.0	0.5	1.5
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	100	10	95	1.2	0.2	2.2
22. Legal professions and studies	130	20	110	1.5	0.5	2.5
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
42. Psychology	95	10	85	1.1	0.2	1.9
45. Social sciences	160	85	70	1.8	2.0	1.6
Business, management and public administration	1,155	410	750	13.3	9.6	17.0
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	70	10	60	0.8	0.2	1.4
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	1,080	405	680	12.5	9.5	15.4
Physical and life sciences and technologies	160	65	90	1.8	1.5	2.0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	65	20	40	0.8	0.5	0.9
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	35	20	15	0.4	0.5	0.3
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
40. Physical sciences	45	25	20	0.5	0.6	0.5
41. Science technologies/technicians	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	145	100	45	1.7	2.4	1.0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	110	80	30	1.3	1.9	0.7
25. Library science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
27. Mathematics and statistics	25	10	15	0.3	0.2	0.3
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	1,355	1,270	85	15.6	29.9	1.9
04. Architecture and related services	40	10	25	0.5	0.2	0.6
14. Engineering	150	130	20	1.7	3.1	0.5
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	275	260	15	3.2	6.1	0.3
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	475	460	15	5.5	10.8	0.3
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	295	295	0	3.4	6.9	0.0
48. Precision production	120	120	0	1.4	2.8	0.0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	185	90	95	2.1	2.1	2.2
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	115	65	50	1.3	1.5	1.1
03. Natural resources and conservation	70	25	45	0.8	0.6	1.0
Health and related fields	940	155	785	10.9	3.6	17.8
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	65	25	40	0.8	0.6	0.9
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	855	120	735	9.9	2.8	16.7
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Personal, protective and transportation services	385	160	225	4.4	3.8	5.1
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	240	40	195	2.8	0.9	4.4
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	50	35	10	0.6	0.8	0.2
49. Transportation and materials moving	95	85	15	1.1	2.0	0.3
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	8,660	4,250	4,410	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	3,065	1,635	1,435	35.4	38.5	32.5
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	5,590	2,615	2,975	64.5	61.5	67.5
Location of study inside Canada	5,005	2,320	2,680	57.8	54.6	60.8
Same as province or territory of residence	3,365	1,505	1,860	38.9	35.4	42.2
Different than province or territory of residence	1,635	815	825	18.9	19.2	18.7
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	590	295	295	6.8	6.9	6.7
Americas	175	80	95	2.0	1.9	2.2
United States of America	155	70	90	1.8	1.6	2.0
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazil	15	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.2
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Europe	230	140	85	2.7	3.3	1.9
Belgium	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	15	10	0	0.2	0.2	0.0
Germany	35	25	10	0.4	0.6	0.2
Netherlands	20	10	0	0.2	0.2	0.0
Switzerland	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	120	70	50	1.4	1.6	1.1
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Europe	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Africa	35	10	25	0.4	0.2	0.6
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	35	10	25	0.4	0.2	0.6
Other locations of study in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asia	115	40	70	1.3	0.9	1.6
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	15	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.3
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	40	20	25	0.5	0.5	0.6
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	35	15	15	0.4	0.4	0.3
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania	40	20	20	0.5	0.5	0.5
Australia	30	20	15	0.3	0.5	0.3
New Zealand	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	13,060	6,455	6,610	...	...	...
In the labour force	8,650	4,455	4,195	...	...	...
Employed	8,005	4,140	3,865	...	...	...
Unemployed	645	315	330	...	...	...
Not in the labour force	4,410	1,995	2,415	...	...	...
Participation rate	66.2	69.0	63.5	66.2	69.0	63.5
Employment rate	61.3	64.1	58.5	61.3	64.1	58.5
Unemployment rate	7.5	7.1	7.9	7.5	7.1	7.9
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	13,065	6,455	6,610	100.0	100.0	100.0
Did not work¹⁸⁶	4,325	1,930	2,400	33.1	29.9	36.3
Worked	8,735	4,525	4,210	66.9	70.1	63.7
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	4,355	2,540	1,810	33.3	39.3	27.4
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	4,380	1,985	2,395	33.5	30.8	36.2
Average weeks worked in reference year	40.6	41.8	39.2	40.6	41.8	39.2
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	8,655	4,455	4,195	100.0	100.0	100.0
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	105	55	50	1.2	1.2	1.2
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	8,550	4,405	4,150	98.8	98.9	98.9
Employee	6,700	3,320	3,385	77.4	74.5	80.7
Permanent position	5,580	2,830	2,750	64.5	63.5	65.6
Temporary position	1,120	490	635	12.9	11.0	15.1
Fixed term (1 year or more)	265	115	155	3.1	2.6	3.7
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	850	375	480	9.8	8.4	11.4
Self-employed¹⁹²	1,850	1,085	760	21.4	24.4	18.1
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	8,655	4,455	4,195	100.0	100.0	100.0
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	105	55	50	1.2	1.2	1.2
All occupations¹⁹¹	8,550	4,405	4,150	98.8	98.9	98.9
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	130	105	25	1.5	2.4	0.6
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	1,385	355	1,035	16.0	8.0	24.7
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	545	395	150	6.3	8.9	3.6
3 Health occupations	675	130	550	7.8	2.9	13.1
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	885	285	605	10.2	6.4	14.4
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	275	75	200	3.2	1.7	4.8
6 Sales and service occupations	1,945	770	1,175	22.5	17.3	28.0
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	1,930	1,795	135	22.3	40.3	3.2
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	435	290	140	5.0	6.5	3.3
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	340	205	135	3.9	4.6	3.2
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	8,655	4,455	4,195	100.0	100.0	100.0
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	105	55	50	1.2	1.2	1.2
All industries¹⁹¹	8,550	4,405	4,150	98.8	98.9	98.9
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	365	200	170	4.2	4.5	4.1
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	150	125	20	1.7	2.8	0.5
22 Utilities	55	45	15	0.6	1.0	0.4
23 Construction	1,255	1,060	195	14.5	23.8	4.6
31-33 Manufacturing	535	340	195	6.2	7.6	4.6
41 Wholesale trade	290	200	95	3.4	4.5	2.3
44-45 Retail trade	815	370	440	9.4	8.3	10.5
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	425	315	110	4.9	7.1	2.6
51 Information and cultural industries	120	65	55	1.4	1.5	1.3
52 Finance and insurance	240	65	170	2.8	1.5	4.1
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	220	100	120	2.5	2.2	2.9
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	640	350	290	7.4	7.9	6.9
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	330	170	160	3.8	3.8	3.8
61 Educational services	520	160	355	6.0	3.6	8.5
62 Health care and social assistance	1,050	190	865	12.1	4.3	20.6
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	200	80	115	2.3	1.8	2.7
72 Accommodation and food services	530	225	300	6.1	5.1	7.2
81 Other services (except public administration)	440	160	285	5.1	3.6	6.8
91 Public administration	350	180	170	4.0	4.0	4.1
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	9,430	4,860	4,570	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	9,210	4,765	4,445	97.7	98.0	97.3
French	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Non-official language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and French	70	30	40	0.7	0.6	0.9
English and non-official language(s)	120	65	60	1.3	1.3	1.3
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	9,430	4,860	4,570	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	9,395	4,835	4,560	99.6	99.5	99.8
Official languages	9,375	4,835	4,540	99.4	99.5	99.3
English	9,365	4,835	4,530	99.3	99.5	99.1
French	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Non-official languages	25	0	20	0.3	0.0	0.4
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	25	0	20	0.3	0.0	0.4
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	15	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.2
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	35	25	10	0.4	0.5	0.2
English and French	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	25	20	0	0.3	0.4	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	9,430	4,860	4,570	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	9,270	4,800	4,475	98.3	98.8	97.9
English	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
French	60	25	35	0.6	0.5	0.8
Non-official language	85	40	50	0.9	0.8	1.1
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	85	40	50	0.9	0.8	1.1
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	8,005	4,140	3,865	100.0	100.0	100.0
Worked at home	1,715	795	920	21.4	19.2	23.8
Worked outside Canada	20	20	0	0.2	0.5	0.0
No fixed workplace address	1,410	1,080	335	17.6	26.1	8.7
Usual place of work	4,865	2,250	2,615	60.8	54.3	67.7
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	4,865	2,250	2,610	100.0	100.0	100.0
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	1,425	520	910	29.3	23.1	34.9
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	2,780	1,355	1,425	57.1	60.2	54.6
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	570	310	260	11.7	13.8	10.0
Commute to a different province or territory	85	65	20	1.7	2.9	0.8
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	6,275	3,335	2,945	100.0	100.0	100.0
Car, truck or van	5,755	3,080	2,665	91.7	92.4	90.5
Car, truck or van - as a driver	5,435	2,960	2,465	86.6	88.8	83.7
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	320	120	200	5.1	3.6	6.8
Public transit	65	25	40	1.0	0.7	1.4
Walked	240	80	165	3.8	2.4	5.6
Bicycle	30	30	0	0.5	0.9	0.0
Other method	180	120	65	2.9	3.6	2.2
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	6,275	3,335	2,945	100.0	100.0	100.0
Less than 15 minutes	1,850	845	1,000	29.5	25.3	34.0
15 to 29 minutes	2,355	1,265	1,090	37.5	37.9	37.0
30 to 44 minutes	1,585	915	670	25.3	27.4	22.8
45 to 59 minutes	260	125	135	4.1	3.7	4.6
60 minutes and over	225	180	45	3.6	5.4	1.5
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	6,275	3,335	2,945	100.0	100.0	100.0
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	505	340	155	8.0	10.2	5.3
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	1,265	840	425	20.2	25.2	14.4
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	1,690	920	770	26.9	27.6	26.1
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	1,340	555	780	21.4	16.6	26.5
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	680	240	435	10.8	7.2	14.8
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	805	435	365	12.8	13.0	12.4
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	3,140	1,550	1,590	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	165	85	85	5.3	5.5	5.3
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	2,975	1,465	1,510	94.7	94.5	95.0
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	2,305	1,140	1,165	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	105	55	50	4.6	4.8	4.3
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	25	10	10	1.1	0.9	0.9
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	85	40	45	3.7	3.5	3.9
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	2,200	1,085	1,115	95.4	95.2	95.7

Symbol legend

...
not applicable

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 30, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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