Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	Whistler, District municipality (DM)More information: British Columbia [Census subdivision]
	Counts			Rates
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	13,982	...	...	...	...	...
Population, 2016¹	11,746^r	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	19.0	...	...	19.0	...	...
Total private dwellings²	10,065	...	...	...	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	5,597	...	...	...	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	58.3	...	...	58.3	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	240.00	...	...	...	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	13,980	7,510	6,470	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	1,555	815	745	11.1	10.9	11.5
0 to 4 years	445	245	200	3.2	3.3	3.1
5 to 9 years	530	260	270	3.8	3.5	4.2
10 to 14 years	585	310	270	4.2	4.1	4.2
15 to 64 years	11,160	5,970	5,190	79.8	79.5	80.2
15 to 19 years	640	355	285	4.6	4.7	4.4
20 to 24 years	1,125	565	560	8.0	7.5	8.7
25 to 29 years	1,740	930	810	12.4	12.4	12.5
30 to 34 years	1,695	930	765	12.1	12.4	11.8
35 to 39 years	1,410	785	625	10.1	10.5	9.7
40 to 44 years	1,095	585	505	7.8	7.8	7.8
45 to 49 years	960	500	465	6.9	6.7	7.2
50 to 54 years	960	500	465	6.9	6.7	7.2
55 to 59 years	825	430	395	5.9	5.7	6.1
60 to 64 years	700	385	315	5.0	5.1	4.9
65 years and over	1,265	730	540	9.0	9.7	8.3
65 to 69 years	530	305	230	3.8	4.1	3.6
70 to 74 years	410	230	185	2.9	3.1	2.9
75 to 79 years	205	130	80	1.5	1.7	1.2
80 to 84 years	80	45	35	0.6	0.6	0.5
85 years and over	35	25	15	0.3	0.3	0.2
85 to 89 years	20	15	5	0.1	0.2	0.1
90 to 94 years	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
95 to 99 years	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
100 years and over	0	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	11.1	10.9	11.5	11.1	10.9	11.5
15 to 64 years	79.8	79.5	80.2	79.8	79.5	80.2
65 years and over	9.0	9.7	8.3	9.0	9.7	8.3
85 years and over	0.3	0.3	0.2	0.3	0.3	0.2
Average age of the population	37.9	38.2	37.6	37.9	38.2	37.6
Median age of the population	35.6	35.6	35.6	35.6	35.6	35.6
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	5,595	...	...	100.0	...	...
Single-detached house	1,660	...	...	29.7	...	...
Semi-detached house	470	...	...	8.4	...	...
Row house	1,470	...	...	26.3	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	565	...	...	10.1	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	1,375	...	...	24.6	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	15	...	...	0.3	...	...
Other single-attached house	45	...	...	0.8	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	5	...	...	0.1	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	5,595	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 person	1,620	...	...	29.0	...	...
2 persons	1,970	...	...	35.2	...	...
3 persons	875	...	...	15.6	...	...
4 persons	715	...	...	12.8	...	...
5 or more persons	415	...	...	7.4	...	...
Number of persons in private households	13,425	7,140	6,285	100.0	100.0	100.0
Average household size	2.4	...	...	2.4	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	12,430	6,700	5,725	100.0	100.0	100.0
Married or living common-law	6,495	3,285	3,205	52.3	49.0	56.0
Married	4,095	2,085	2,005	32.9	31.1	35.0
Living common-law	2,400	1,200	1,200	19.3	17.9	21.0
Living common law - Never married	2,175	1,085	1,090	17.5	16.2	19.0
Living common law - Separated	35	15	15	0.3	0.2	0.3
Living common law - Divorced	185	100	90	1.5	1.5	1.6
Living common law - Widowed	10	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Not married and not living common-law	5,935	3,410	2,525	47.7	50.9	44.1
Not married and not living common law - Never married	4,985	2,950	2,035	40.1	44.0	35.5
Not married and not living common law - Separated	210	105	110	1.7	1.6	1.9
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	585	305	280	4.7	4.6	4.9
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	150	55	95	1.2	0.8	1.7
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	3,375	...	...	100.0	...	...
2 persons	2,070	...	...	61.3	...	...
3 persons	605	...	...	17.9	...	...
4 persons	560	...	...	16.6	...	...
5 or more persons	140	...	...	4.1	...	...
Average size of census families	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.7	...	...	1.7	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	3,370	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total couple families	3,085	...	...	91.5	...	...
Married couples	1,880	...	...	55.8	...	...
With children⁶	990	...	...	29.4	...	...
Without children	895	...	...	26.6	...	...
Common-law couples	1,200	...	...	35.6	...	...
With children⁶	190	...	...	5.6	...	...
Without children	1,010	...	...	30.0	...	...
Total one-parent families	290	...	...	8.6	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	205	...	...	6.1	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	80	...	...	2.4	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	13,425	7,145	6,285	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total - Persons in census families	8,900	4,460	4,440	66.3	62.4	70.6
Married spouses or common-law partners	6,170	3,085	3,085	46.0	43.2	49.1
Parents in one-parent families	290	80	205	2.2	1.1	3.3
Children⁶	2,445	1,295	1,150	18.2	18.1	18.3
In a two-parent family	2,010	1,055	955	15.0	14.8	15.2
In a one-parent family	440	240	200	3.3	3.4	3.2
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	4,520	2,680	1,845	33.7	37.5	29.4
Living alone	1,625	965	655	12.1	13.5	10.4
Living with other relatives⁷	175	75	100	1.3	1.0	1.6
Living with non-relatives only	2,725	1,635	1,090	20.3	22.9	17.3
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	5,600	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	2,735	...	...	48.8	...	...
Couple-family households	2,505	...	...	44.7	...	...
With children⁶	1,040	...	...	18.6	...	...
Without children	1,460	...	...	26.1	...	...
One-parent-family households	230	...	...	4.1	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	25	...	...	0.4	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	95	...	...	1.7	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	400	...	...	7.1	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	720	...	...	12.9	...	...
One-person households	1,625	...	...	29.0	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	11,885	6,340	5,550	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	11,660	6,215	5,445	98.1	98.0	98.1
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	44,800	47,600	41,200	44,800	47,600	41,200
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	11,670	6,220	5,450	98.2	98.1	98.2
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	39,600	41,600	36,800	39,600	41,600	36,800
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	11,395	6,080	5,310	95.9	95.9	95.7
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	36,400	40,800	31,400	36,400	40,800	31,400
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	10,260	5,485	4,775	86.3	86.5	86.0
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	32,400	37,200	28,800	32,400	37,200	28,800
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	9,560	4,895	4,665	80.4	77.2	84.1
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	9,000	8,600	9,300	9,000	8,600	9,300
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	1,570	785	785	13.2	12.4	14.1
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	4,920	4,800	5,000	4,920	4,800	5,000
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	5,600	2,850	2,750	47.1	45.0	49.5
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,500	8,000	9,000	8,500	8,000	9,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	11,885	6,340	5,550	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	11,665	6,205	5,460	98.1	97.9	98.4
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	61,100	67,400	53,900	61,100	67,400	53,900
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	11,680	6,215	5,465	98.3	98.0	98.5
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	49,560	53,150	45,480	49,560	53,150	45,480
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	11,400	6,085	5,315	95.9	96.0	95.8
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	54,550	61,450	46,600	54,550	61,450	46,600
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	10,260	5,435	4,825	86.3	85.7	86.9
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	46,320	53,250	38,480	46,320	53,250	38,480
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	9,660	4,915	4,745	81.3	77.5	85.5
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	9,400	8,920	9,900	9,400	8,920	9,900
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	1,445	700	750	12.2	11.0	13.5
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,395	5,390	5,400	5,395	5,390	5,400
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	5,520	2,790	2,725	46.4	44.0	49.1
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	9,070	8,620	9,530	9,070	8,620	9,530
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	11,890	6,340	5,545	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	3,480	2,040	1,435	29.3	32.2	25.9
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	60,000	62,400	56,400	60,000	62,400	56,400
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	76,700	84,200	66,100	76,700	84,200	66,100
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	5,655	2,865	2,790	47.6	45.2	50.3
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	22,000	23,400	21,400	22,000	23,400	21,400
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	29,080	30,400	27,720	29,080	30,400	27,720
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	87.2	89.6	84.0	87.2	89.6	84.0
Employment income (%)¹⁹	66.6	69.2	63.0	66.6	69.2	63.0
Government transfers (%)²⁰	12.7	10.5	16.0	12.7	10.5	16.0
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.1	0.9	1.4	1.1	0.9	1.4
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	7.9	6.5	10.0	7.9	6.5	10.0
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	7.0	5.8	8.8	7.0	5.8	8.8
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	11,890	6,335	5,550	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without total income	225	120	100	1.9	1.9	1.8
With total income	11,660	6,215	5,445	98.1	98.1	98.1
Under $10,000 (including loss)	870	465	405	7.5	7.5	7.4
$10,000 to $19,999	795	395	400	6.8	6.4	7.3
$20,000 to $29,999	1,490	655	830	12.8	10.5	15.2
$30,000 to $39,999	1,845	865	985	15.8	13.9	18.1
$40,000 to $49,999	1,705	930	770	14.6	15.0	14.1
$50,000 to $59,999	1,340	720	615	11.5	11.6	11.3
$60,000 to $69,999	850	465	380	7.3	7.5	7.0
$70,000 to $79,999	600	365	240	5.1	5.9	4.4
$80,000 to $89,999	435	255	180	3.7	4.1	3.3
$90,000 to $99,999	340	210	135	2.9	3.4	2.5
$100,000 and over	1,400	895	505	12.0	14.4	9.3
$100,000 to $149,999	815	520	295	7.0	8.4	5.4
$150,000 and over	585	375	210	5.0	6.0	3.9
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	11,890	6,335	5,550	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without after-tax income	215	115	95	1.8	1.8	1.7
With after-tax income	11,675	6,220	5,450	98.2	98.2	98.2
Under $10,000 (including loss)	945	505	440	8.1	8.1	8.1
$10,000 to $19,999	845	425	420	7.2	6.8	7.7
$20,000 to $29,999	1,925	885	1,035	16.5	14.2	19.0
$30,000 to $39,999	2,190	1,080	1,110	18.8	17.4	20.4
$40,000 to $49,999	1,885	1,020	865	16.1	16.4	15.9
$50,000 to $59,999	1,140	620	515	9.8	10.0	9.4
$60,000 to $69,999	730	430	305	6.3	6.9	5.6
$70,000 to $79,999	500	295	205	4.3	4.7	3.8
$80,000 to $89,999	335	215	125	2.9	3.5	2.3
$90,000 to $99,999	280	180	95	2.4	2.9	1.7
$100,000 and over	895	570	325	7.7	9.2	6.0
$100,000 to $124,999	405	245	155	3.5	3.9	2.8
$125,000 and over	495	325	175	4.2	5.2	3.2
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	11,890	6,335	5,550	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without employment income	1,625	850	775	13.7	13.4	14.0
With employment income	10,265	5,490	4,770	86.3	86.7	85.9
Under $5,000 (including loss)	1,085	525	560	10.6	9.6	11.7
$5,000 to $9,999	845	405	440	8.2	7.4	9.2
$10,000 to $19,999	1,545	730	820	15.1	13.3	17.2
$20,000 to $29,999	1,320	640	685	12.9	11.7	14.4
$30,000 to $39,999	1,210	655	555	11.8	11.9	11.6
$40,000 to $49,999	1,025	565	465	10.0	10.3	9.7
$50,000 to $59,999	820	455	365	8.0	8.3	7.7
$60,000 to $69,999	575	330	245	5.6	6.0	5.1
$70,000 to $79,999	405	255	150	3.9	4.6	3.1
$80,000 to $89,999	300	195	100	2.9	3.6	2.1
$90,000 to $99,999	255	150	100	2.5	2.7	2.1
$100,000 and over	880	585	290	8.6	10.7	6.1
$100,000 to $124,999	355	230	120	3.5	4.2	2.5
$125,000 and over	525	355	170	5.1	6.5	3.6
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	11,885	6,340	5,550	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	11,390	6,050	5,335	95.8	95.4	96.1
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	42,400	46,000	38,000	42,400	46,000	38,000
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	11,410	6,065	5,350	96.0	95.7	96.4
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	36,800	39,600	34,000	36,800	39,600	34,000
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	11,130	5,920	5,210	93.6	93.4	93.9
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	40,400	44,000	35,600	40,400	44,000	35,600
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	10,065	5,370	4,695	84.7	84.7	84.6
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	36,400	40,800	32,400	36,400	40,800	32,400
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	6,850	3,270	3,570	57.6	51.6	64.3
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	900	650	1,140	900	650	1,140
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	700	380	320	5.9	6.0	5.8
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	5,680	5,200	6,450	5,680	5,200	6,450
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	11,885	6,340	5,550	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	11,425	6,035	5,380	96.1	95.2	96.9
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	59,350	66,400	51,450	59,350	66,400	51,450
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	11,445	6,055	5,390	96.3	95.5	97.1
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	47,640	52,200	42,520	47,640	52,200	42,520
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	11,145	5,870	5,275	93.8	92.6	95.0
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	58,200	66,000	49,600	58,200	66,000	49,600
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	10,030	5,220	4,810	84.4	82.3	86.7
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	49,680	57,550	41,120	49,680	57,550	41,120
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	6,930	3,315	3,620	58.3	52.3	65.2
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	4,224	4,184	4,256	4,224	4,184	4,256
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	655	350	310	5.5	5.5	5.6
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,740	5,960	7,600	6,740	5,960	7,600
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	11,890	6,340	5,545	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	3,420	2,000	1,420	28.8	31.5	25.6
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	56,800	61,600	52,000	56,800	61,600	52,000
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	73,500	81,000	63,000	73,500	81,000	63,000
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	5,290	2,635	2,660	44.5	41.6	48.0
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	28,600	31,600	27,400	28,600	31,600	27,400
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	35,240	36,720	33,800	35,240	36,720	33,800
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	95.6	96.6	94.4	95.6	96.6	94.4
Employment income (%)	73.4	75.0	71.4	73.4	75.0	71.4
Government transfers (%)	4.3	3.5	5.6	4.3	3.5	5.6
Employment insurance benefits (%)	0.7	0.5	0.9	0.7	0.5	0.9
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	5,595	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	99,000	...	...	99,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	86,000	...	...	86,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	1,625	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	50,400	...	...	50,400	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	44,000	...	...	44,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	3,975	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	120,000	...	...	120,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	104,000	...	...	104,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	5,595	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	127,300	...	...	127,300	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	103,400	...	...	103,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	1,615	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	66,200	...	...	66,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	53,400	...	...	53,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	3,985	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	152,000	...	...	152,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	123,600	...	...	123,600	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	5,595	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	85	...	...	1.5	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	45	...	...	0.8	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	50	...	...	0.9	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	60	...	...	1.1	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	90	...	...	1.6	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	125	...	...	2.2	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	145	...	...	2.6	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	120	...	...	2.1	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	190	...	...	3.4	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	170	...	...	3.0	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	345	...	...	6.2	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	335	...	...	6.0	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	365	...	...	6.5	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	360	...	...	6.4	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	340	...	...	6.1	...	...
$100,000 and over	2,765	...	...	49.4	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	760	...	...	13.6	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	570	...	...	10.2	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	660	...	...	11.8	...	...
$200,000 and over	775	...	...	13.9	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	5,595	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	110	...	...	2.0	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	50	...	...	0.9	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	50	...	...	0.9	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	70	...	...	1.3	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	105	...	...	1.9	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	170	...	...	3.0	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	150	...	...	2.7	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	200	...	...	3.6	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	210	...	...	3.8	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	200	...	...	3.6	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	400	...	...	7.1	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	410	...	...	7.3	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	410	...	...	7.3	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	425	...	...	7.6	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	395	...	...	7.1	...	...
$100,000 and over	2,245	...	...	40.1	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	750	...	...	13.4	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	495	...	...	8.8	...	...
$150,000 and over	1,005	...	...	18.0	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	3,400	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	110,000	...	...	110,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	95,000	...	...	95,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	1,860	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	100,000	...	...	100,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	87,000	...	...	87,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	1,180	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	141,000	...	...	141,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	122,000	...	...	122,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	3.8	...	...	3.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	280	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	76,000	...	...	76,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	69,000	...	...	69,000	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	4,350	2,605	1,740	...	...	...
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	40,800	42,800	38,400	40,800	42,800	38,400
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	36,800	38,000	34,800	36,800	38,000	34,800
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	3,415	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	146,400	...	...	146,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	117,300	...	...	117,300	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,860	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	135,200	...	...	135,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	108,000	...	...	108,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,175	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	179,200	...	...	179,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	142,400	...	...	142,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	285	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	94,000	...	...	94,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	79,500	...	...	79,500	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	4,325	2,640	1,685	...	...	...
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	49,080	50,240	47,280	49,080	50,240	47,280
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	41,200	41,320	41,040	41,200	41,320	41,040
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	13,425	7,140	6,280	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	1,900	1,005	900	14.2	14.1	14.3
0 to 5 years	535	280	250	4.0	3.9	4.0
18 to 64 years	10,335	5,450	4,875	77.0	76.3	77.6
65 years and over	1,190	685	505	8.9	9.6	8.0
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	910	475	435	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	150	80	70	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	50	20	30	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	680	345	330	...	...	...
65 years and over	80	50	35	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	6.8	6.7	6.9	6.8	6.7	6.9
0 to 17 years (%)	7.9	7.8	8.0	7.9	7.8	8.0
0 to 5 years (%)	9.2	7.2	12.0	9.2	7.2	12.0
18 to 64 years (%)	6.6	6.4	6.8	6.6	6.4	6.8
65 years and over (%)	6.8	7.0	6.4	6.8	7.0	6.4
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	13,425	7,145	6,285	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	1,905	1,000	900	14.2	14.0	14.3
0 to 5 years	530	280	250	3.9	3.9	4.0
18 to 64 years	10,330	5,455	4,880	76.9	76.3	77.6
65 years and over	1,190	685	505	8.9	9.6	8.0
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	635	370	270	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	55	25	25	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	15	10	10	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	550	320	225	...	...	...
65 years and over	30	25	10	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	4.8	5.2	4.2	4.8	5.2	4.2
0 to 17 years (%)	2.9	2.8	3.0	2.9	2.8	3.0
0 to 5 years (%)	2.8	2.5	3.0	2.8	2.5	3.0
18 to 64 years (%)	5.3	5.9	4.7	5.3	5.9	4.7
65 years and over (%)	2.8	3.2	2.0	2.8	3.2	2.0
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	13,425	7,140	6,285	100.0	100.0	100.0
In bottom half of the distribution	6,570	3,565	3,000	48.9	49.9	47.7
In bottom decile	1,375	775	600	10.2	10.9	9.5
In second decile	1,360	695	665	10.1	9.7	10.6
In third decile	1,215	645	575	9.1	9.0	9.1
In fourth decile	1,325	745	580	9.9	10.4	9.2
In fifth decile	1,285	705	580	9.6	9.9	9.2
In top half of the distribution	6,860	3,575	3,280	51.1	50.1	52.2
In sixth decile	1,345	700	645	10.0	9.8	10.3
In seventh decile	1,270	680	590	9.5	9.5	9.4
In eighth decile	1,210	645	565	9.0	9.0	9.0
In ninth decile	1,350	670	680	10.1	9.4	10.8
In top decile	1,685	880	800	12.6	12.3	12.7
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	13,425	...	...	13,425	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.362	...	...	0.362	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.432	...	...	0.432	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.314	...	...	0.314	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.6	...	...	3.6	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	13,985	7,510	6,470	100.0	100.0	100.0
English only	11,690	6,415	5,275	83.6	85.4	81.5
French only	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
English and French	2,215	1,060	1,150	15.8	14.1	17.8
Neither English nor French	65	30	35	0.5	0.4	0.5
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	13,985	7,510	6,470	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	13,245	7,115	6,135	94.7	94.7	94.8
French	615	340	275	4.4	4.5	4.3
English and French	60	25	30	0.4	0.3	0.5
Neither English nor French	65	30	35	0.5	0.4	0.5
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	13,985	7,510	6,470	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	13,655	7,335	6,320	97.6	97.7	97.7
Official languages	11,695	6,440	5,255	83.6	85.8	81.2
English	11,085	6,100	4,990	79.3	81.2	77.1
French	610	340	270	4.4	4.5	4.2
Non-official languages	1,960	895	1,065	14.0	11.9	16.5
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	1,960	895	1,065	14.0	11.9	16.5
Afro-Asiatic languages	40	25	10	0.3	0.3	0.2
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	40	25	10	0.3	0.3	0.2
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	35	25	10	0.3	0.3	0.2
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	310	135	180	2.2	1.8	2.8
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	25	10	15	0.2	0.1	0.2
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Ilocano	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	270	115	155	1.9	1.5	2.4
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	10	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Tamil	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	1,070	530	540	7.7	7.1	8.3
Albanian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	355	165	180	2.5	2.2	2.8
Baltic languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	350	165	185	2.5	2.2	2.9
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Czech	150	70	75	1.1	0.9	1.2
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	50	25	25	0.4	0.3	0.4
Russian	35	15	20	0.3	0.2	0.3
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	15	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.2
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	80	40	40	0.6	0.5	0.6
Slovene (Slovenian)	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Ukrainian	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	245	110	130	1.8	1.5	2.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	170	75	95	1.2	1.0	1.5
German	165	70	95	1.2	0.9	1.5
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	10	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	35	20	20	0.3	0.3	0.3
Afrikaans	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Dutch	30	15	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	35	15	20	0.3	0.2	0.3
Danish	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Swedish	20	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.2
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Indo-Iranian languages	75	55	25	0.5	0.7	0.4
Indo-Aryan languages	65	50	20	0.5	0.7	0.3
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	25	20	5	0.2	0.3	0.1
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	30	20	15	0.2	0.3	0.2
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	15	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	15	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	380	190	190	2.7	2.5	2.9
Catalan	15	15	5	0.1	0.2	0.1
Italian	30	15	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Portuguese	40	15	20	0.3	0.2	0.3
Romanian	25	10	15	0.2	0.1	0.2
Spanish	270	135	135	1.9	1.8	2.1
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	295	105	190	2.1	1.4	2.9
Korean	100	50	45	0.7	0.7	0.7
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	95	30	65	0.7	0.4	1.0
Chinese languages	95	30	65	0.7	0.4	1.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	45	15	30	0.3	0.2	0.5
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	45	15	30	0.3	0.2	0.5
Chinese, n.o.s.	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.2
Estonian	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Finnish	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Hungarian	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	325	175	145	2.3	2.3	2.2
English and French	110	70	35	0.8	0.9	0.5
English and non-official language(s)	185	95	95	1.3	1.3	1.5
French and non-official language(s)	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
English, French and non-official language(s)	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Multiple non-official languages	10	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.2
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	13,985	7,510	6,470	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	11,585	6,335	5,250	82.8	84.4	81.1
French	150	70	80	1.1	0.9	1.2
Non-official language	435	225	215	3.1	3.0	3.3
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	435	225	215	3.1	3.0	3.3
English and French	460	250	210	3.3	3.3	3.2
English and non-official language(s)	1,275	605	670	9.1	8.1	10.4
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	65	25	40	0.5	0.3	0.6
Multiple non-official languages	10	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.2
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	13,985	7,510	6,470	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	13,715	7,390	6,330	98.1	98.4	97.8
Official languages	12,855	6,960	5,890	91.9	92.7	91.0
English	12,625	6,840	5,785	90.3	91.1	89.4
French	230	125	110	1.6	1.7	1.7
Non-official languages	860	425	440	6.1	5.7	6.8
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	860	425	440	6.1	5.7	6.8
Afro-Asiatic languages	15	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	15	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	15	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	200	90	115	1.4	1.2	1.8
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	185	75	105	1.3	1.0	1.6
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	365	185	175	2.6	2.5	2.7
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	130	70	60	0.9	0.9	0.9
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	130	70	60	0.9	0.9	0.9
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	65	35	30	0.5	0.5	0.5
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	15	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.2
Russian	10	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	40	20	15	0.3	0.3	0.2
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	30	15	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.2
German	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.2
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	25	15	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Indo-Aryan languages	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.2
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	180	90	95	1.3	1.2	1.5
Catalan	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.2
Romanian	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.2
Spanish	140	65	70	1.0	0.9	1.1
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	160	75	85	1.1	1.0	1.3
Korean	80	50	35	0.6	0.7	0.5
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	30	10	15	0.2	0.1	0.2
Chinese languages	30	10	15	0.2	0.1	0.2
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.2
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	265	130	140	1.9	1.7	2.2
English and French	80	40	40	0.6	0.5	0.6
English and non-official language(s)	180	80	100	1.3	1.1	1.5
French and non-official language(s)	0	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	13,985	7,510	6,470	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	12,420	6,745	5,670	88.8	89.8	87.6
English	450	225	225	3.2	3.0	3.5
French	310	165	145	2.2	2.2	2.2
Non-official language	645	300	345	4.6	4.0	5.3
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	645	300	345	4.6	4.0	5.3
English and French	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
English and non-official language(s)	40	20	15	0.3	0.3	0.2
French and non-official language(s)	45	15	30	0.3	0.2	0.5
English, French and non-official language(s)	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	65	35	30	0.5	0.5	0.5
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	13,425	7,145	6,280	100.0	100.0	100.0
Official languages	13,400	7,140	6,265	99.8	99.9	99.8
English	13,395	7,135	6,260	99.8	99.9	99.7
French	2,210	1,180	1,035	16.5	16.5	16.5
Non-official languages	2,705	1,225	1,480	20.1	17.1	23.6
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	2,705	1,225	1,480	20.1	17.1	23.6
Afro-Asiatic languages	40	35	0	0.3	0.5	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	40	35	0	0.3	0.5	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	40	30	0	0.3	0.4	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	30	0	20	0.2	0.0	0.3
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	20	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	425	170	250	3.2	2.4	4.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	30	10	15	0.2	0.1	0.2
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	25	0	20	0.2	0.0	0.3
Indonesian	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	405	165	240	3.0	2.3	3.8
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	1,600	755	850	11.9	10.6	13.5
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	420	180	240	3.1	2.5	3.8
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	410	180	235	3.1	2.5	3.7
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	170	70	100	1.3	1.0	1.6
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	90	30	60	0.7	0.4	1.0
Russian	100	50	50	0.7	0.7	0.8
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	100	45	55	0.7	0.6	0.9
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	40	25	15	0.3	0.3	0.2
Irish	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	20	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	380	200	185	2.8	2.8	2.9
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	260	120	135	1.9	1.7	2.1
German	250	115	135	1.9	1.6	2.1
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	80	55	25	0.6	0.8	0.4
Afrikaans	30	15	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Dutch	45	35	15	0.3	0.5	0.2
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	45	25	20	0.3	0.3	0.3
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	35	25	15	0.3	0.3	0.2
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	55	25	30	0.4	0.3	0.5
Indo-Aryan languages	50	25	20	0.4	0.3	0.3
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	30	20	10	0.2	0.3	0.2
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	25	0	20	0.2	0.0	0.3
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	755	350	405	5.6	4.9	6.4
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	75	35	45	0.6	0.5	0.7
Portuguese	60	35	25	0.4	0.5	0.4
Romanian	20	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Spanish	635	275	355	4.7	3.8	5.7
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	360	140	215	2.7	2.0	3.4
Korean	65	30	35	0.5	0.4	0.6
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	165	85	75	1.2	1.2	1.2
Chinese languages	165	85	75	1.2	1.2	1.2
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	105	65	35	0.8	0.9	0.6
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	75	30	50	0.6	0.4	0.8
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	40	10	25	0.3	0.1	0.4
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	40	10	25	0.3	0.1	0.4
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	30	30	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
Estonian	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	20	20	0	0.1	0.3	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	13,425	7,140	6,280	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	145	70	80	1.1	1.0	1.3
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	145	70	80	1.1	1.0	1.3
First Nations (North American Indian)	80	30	45	0.6	0.4	0.7
Métis	70	35	35	0.5	0.5	0.6
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous identity	13,280	7,075	6,210	98.9	99.1	98.9
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	13,425	7,140	6,280	100.0	100.0	100.0
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	40	20	20	0.3	0.3	0.3
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	13,390	7,125	6,265	99.7	99.8	99.8
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	5,600	...	...	100.0	...	...
Owner	3,140	...	...	56.1	...	...
Renter	2,455	...	...	43.8	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	5,600	...	...	100.0	...	...
Condominium	2,110	...	...	37.7	...	...
Not condominium	3,490	...	...	62.3	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	5,600	...	...	100.0	...	...
No bedrooms	170	...	...	3.0	...	...
1 bedroom	1,235	...	...	22.1	...	...
2 bedrooms	1,425	...	...	25.4	...	...
3 bedrooms	1,410	...	...	25.2	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	1,355	...	...	24.2	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	5,600	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	2,755	...	...	49.2	...	...
5 rooms	765	...	...	13.7	...	...
6 rooms	650	...	...	11.6	...	...
7 rooms	410	...	...	7.3	...	...
8 or more rooms	1,015	...	...	18.1	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	5.1	...	...	5.1	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	5,600	...	...	100.0	...	...
One person or fewer per room	5,380	...	...	96.1	...	...
More than one person per room	215	...	...	3.8	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	5,600	...	...	100.0	...	...
Suitable	5,110	...	...	91.3	...	...
Not suitable	480	...	...	8.6	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	5,600	...	...	100.0	...	...
1960 or before	40	...	...	0.7	...	...
1961 to 1980	1,140	...	...	20.4	...	...
1981 to 1990	1,325	...	...	23.7	...	...
1991 to 2000	1,425	...	...	25.4	...	...
2001 to 2005	380	...	...	6.8	...	...
2006 to 2010	685	...	...	12.2	...	...
2011 to 2015	230	...	...	4.1	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	360	...	...	6.4	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	5,600	...	...	100.0	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	5,340	...	...	95.4	...	...
Major repairs needed	255	...	...	4.6	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	5,600	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-maintainer household	2,455	...	...	43.8	...	...
Two-maintainer household	2,430	...	...	43.4	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	710	...	...	12.7	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	5,600	...	...	100.0	...	...
15 to 24 years	295	...	...	5.3	...	...
25 to 34 years	1,230	...	...	22.0	...	...
35 to 44 years	1,275	...	...	22.8	...	...
45 to 54 years	1,115	...	...	19.9	...	...
55 to 64 years	915	...	...	16.3	...	...
65 to 74 years	575	...	...	10.3	...	...
75 to 84 years	175	...	...	3.1	...	...
85 years and over	15	...	...	0.3	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	5,575	...	...	100.0	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	3,665	...	...	65.7	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	1,910	...	...	34.3	...	...
30% to less than 100%	1,700	...	...	30.5	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	5,600	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	2,355	...	...	42.1	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	1,655	...	...	29.6	...	...
Not suitable only	300	...	...	5.4	...	...
Major repairs needed only	140	...	...	2.5	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	150	...	...	2.7	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	80	...	...	1.4	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	15	...	...	0.3	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	25	...	...	0.4	...	...
Acceptable housing	3,245	...	...	57.9	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	5,360	...	...	100.0	...	...
In core need	1,030	...	...	19.2	...	...
Not in core need	4,335	...	...	80.9	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	3,145	...	...	...	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	60.3	...	...	60.3	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	29.1	...	...	29.1	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	13.5	...	...	13.5	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,720	...	...	1,720	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	2,232	...	...	2,232	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	1,200,000	...	...	1,200,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	1,644,000	...	...	1,644,000	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	2,455	...	...	...	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	13.8	...	...	13.8	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	40.9	...	...	40.9	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	26.5	...	...	26.5	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,780	...	...	1,780	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	2,012	...	...	2,012	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	...	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	13,425	7,140	6,285	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	30	15	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	30	15	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Métis single ancestry	15	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	225	115	115	1.7	1.6	1.8
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	225	105	115	1.7	1.5	1.8
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	155	75	80	1.2	1.1	1.3
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	70	30	35	0.5	0.4	0.6
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	13,165	7,015	6,150	98.1	98.2	97.9
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	13,425	7,145	6,285	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	10,435	5,585	4,845	77.7	78.2	77.1
Canadian citizens aged under 18	1,755	930	825	13.1	13.0	13.1
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	8,680	4,655	4,020	64.7	65.2	64.0
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	2,995	1,555	1,435	22.3	21.8	22.8
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	13,425	7,145	6,285	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	8,710	4,680	4,030	64.9	65.5	64.1
Immigrants⁸¹	3,320	1,660	1,660	24.7	23.2	26.4
Before 1980	340	225	120	2.5	3.1	1.9
1980 to 1990	135	65	70	1.0	0.9	1.1
1991 to 2000	375	155	225	2.8	2.2	3.6
2001 to 2010	675	325	350	5.0	4.5	5.6
2011 to 2021⁸²	1,790	890	900	13.3	12.5	14.3
2011 to 2015	750	360	390	5.6	5.0	6.2
2016 to 2021	1,045	530	510	7.8	7.4	8.1
Non-permanent residents⁸³	1,395	805	590	10.4	11.3	9.4
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	3,320	1,655	1,660	100.0	100.0	100.0
Under 5 years	220	125	95	6.6	7.6	5.7
5 to 14 years	360	220	145	10.8	13.3	8.7
15 to 24 years	335	155	180	10.1	9.4	10.8
25 to 44 years	2,245	1,075	1,170	67.6	65.0	70.5
45 years and over	160	85	75	4.8	5.1	4.5
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	3,320	1,655	1,660	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	320	150	170	9.6	9.1	10.2
Brazil	15	15	0	0.5	0.9	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
El Salvador	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyana	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	40	10	25	1.2	0.6	1.5
Peru	15	0	10	0.5	0.0	0.6
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	200	105	95	6.0	6.3	5.7
Other places of birth in Americas	50	15	35	1.5	0.9	2.1
Europe	1,520	820	695	45.8	49.5	41.9
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	55	35	20	1.7	2.1	1.2
Germany	80	30	50	2.4	1.8	3.0
Greece	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	20	10	0	0.6	0.6	0.0
Netherlands	20	15	0	0.6	0.9	0.0
Poland	50	15	30	1.5	0.9	1.8
Portugal	10	10	0	0.3	0.6	0.0
Romania	20	15	0	0.6	0.9	0.0
Russian Federation	50	30	25	1.5	1.8	1.5
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	20	10	10	0.6	0.6	0.6
United Kingdom⁸⁷	840	460	380	25.3	27.8	22.9
Other places of birth in Europe	365	190	175	11.0	11.5	10.5
Africa	80	45	35	2.4	2.7	2.1
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	10	0	0	0.3	0.0	0.0
Morocco	10	0	0	0.3	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	30	10	20	0.9	0.6	1.2
Other places of birth in Africa	30	25	0	0.9	1.5	0.0
Asia	860	350	510	25.9	21.1	30.7
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	10	10	0	0.3	0.6	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	35	20	15	1.1	1.2	0.9
Hong Kong⁹¹	45	15	30	1.4	0.9	1.8
Korea, South⁹²	40	20	20	1.2	1.2	1.2
Taiwan	10	0	10	0.3	0.0	0.6
Philippines	445	205	240	13.4	12.4	14.5
Viet Nam	10	0	10	0.3	0.0	0.6
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	20	15	10	0.6	0.9	0.6
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	240	75	170	7.2	4.5	10.2
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	535	285	250	16.1	17.2	15.1
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	1,040	530	510	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	80	35	50	7.7	6.6	9.8
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	50	15	35	4.8	2.8	6.9
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Americas	15	15	0	1.4	2.8	0.0
Europe	525	265	260	50.5	50.0	51.0
France	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germany	10	0	10	1.0	0.0	2.0
Ireland⁹⁶	15	0	15	1.4	0.0	2.9
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	390	205	180	37.5	38.7	35.3
Other places of birth in Europe	95	40	50	9.1	7.5	9.8
Africa	20	15	0	1.9	2.8	0.0
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	10	10	0	1.0	1.9	0.0
Asia	150	50	95	14.4	9.4	18.6
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	10	0	0	1.0	0.0	0.0
India	15	10	0	1.4	1.9	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	35	0	30	3.4	0.0	5.9
Jordan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	70	25	50	6.7	4.7	9.8
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	10	0	10	1.0	0.0	2.0
Oceania and other⁹³	265	165	100	25.5	31.1	19.6
Australia	245	145	100	23.6	27.4	19.6
Other places of birth⁹⁸	20	20	0	1.9	3.8	0.0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	13,425	7,140	6,280	100.0	100.0	100.0
First generation¹⁰⁰	5,010	2,615	2,395	37.3	36.6	38.1
Second generation¹⁰¹	2,360	1,230	1,125	17.6	17.2	17.9
Third generation or more¹⁰²	6,055	3,290	2,765	45.1	46.1	44.0
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	2,975	1,435	1,545	100.0	100.0	100.0
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	2,175	1,110	1,065	73.1	77.4	68.9
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	1,405	730	680	47.2	50.9	44.0
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	765	380	380	25.7	26.5	24.6
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	770	305	460	25.9	21.3	29.8
Refugees¹⁰⁸	30	15	15	1.0	1.0	1.0
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	15	0	10	0.5	0.0	0.6
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	2,975	1,435	1,545	100.0	100.0	100.0
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	1,700	780	915	57.1	54.4	59.2
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	30	10	20	1.0	0.7	1.3
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	150	65	90	5.0	4.5	5.8
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	15	0	15	0.5	0.0	1.0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	1,075	580	500	36.1	40.4	32.4
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	13,425	7,140	6,280	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	1,715	780	935	12.8	10.9	14.9
South Asian	105	55	50	0.8	0.8	0.8
Chinese	255	110	145	1.9	1.5	2.3
Black	90	60	30	0.7	0.8	0.5
Filipino	570	260	305	4.2	3.6	4.9
Arab	40	25	10	0.3	0.4	0.2
Latin American	140	60	85	1.0	0.8	1.4
Southeast Asian	90	40	50	0.7	0.6	0.8
West Asian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	65	30	35	0.5	0.4	0.6
Japanese	300	105	195	2.2	1.5	3.1
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Multiple visible minorities	55	20	35	0.4	0.3	0.6
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	11,715	6,365	5,345	87.3	89.1	85.1
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	13,425	7,145	6,285	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian	1,615	920	695	12.0	12.9	11.1
English	3,670	1,915	1,755	27.3	26.8	27.9
Irish	2,375	1,235	1,140	17.7	17.3	18.1
Scottish	2,640	1,435	1,205	19.7	20.1	19.2
French, n.o.s.¹²²	1,060	535	525	7.9	7.5	8.4
German	1,105	500	610	8.2	7.0	9.7
Chinese	250	115	135	1.9	1.6	2.1
Italian	555	305	255	4.1	4.3	4.1
Indian (India)	110	60	45	0.8	0.8	0.7
Ukrainian	340	195	145	2.5	2.7	2.3
Dutch	450	250	200	3.4	3.5	3.2
Polish	345	130	210	2.6	1.8	3.3
Québécois	30	15	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	910	505	405	6.8	7.1	6.4
Filipino	520	240	285	3.9	3.4	4.5
French Canadian	95	45	55	0.7	0.6	0.9
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	570	340	225	4.2	4.8	3.6
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	105	60	40	0.8	0.8	0.6
Métis	85	40	40	0.6	0.6	0.6
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	380	195	185	2.8	2.7	2.9
Russian	225	125	100	1.7	1.7	1.6
Norwegian	230	125	105	1.7	1.7	1.7
Welsh	320	180	140	2.4	2.5	2.2
Portuguese	60	40	20	0.4	0.6	0.3
American	210	100	115	1.6	1.4	1.8
Spanish	215	85	125	1.6	1.2	2.0
Swedish	275	125	150	2.0	1.7	2.4
Hungarian	195	115	75	1.5	1.6	1.2
Acadian	15	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Pakistani	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jewish	85	50	35	0.6	0.7	0.6
Punjabi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	25	0	20	0.2	0.0	0.3
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Greek	85	45	35	0.6	0.6	0.6
Jamaican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	60	25	30	0.4	0.3	0.5
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	70	35	40	0.5	0.5	0.6
Romanian	50	35	10	0.4	0.5	0.2
Lebanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	125	65	55	0.9	0.9	0.9
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Sikh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austrian	210	105	105	1.6	1.5	1.7
Belgian	105	55	45	0.8	0.8	0.7
Haitian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexican	70	45	25	0.5	0.6	0.4
Mennonite	15	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Swiss	205	135	70	1.5	1.9	1.1
Finnish	85	40	45	0.6	0.6	0.7
Sri Lankan	15	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Croatian	20	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
Japanese	305	105	200	2.3	1.5	3.2
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	85	45	45	0.6	0.6	0.7
Muslim	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Egyptian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	65	35	25	0.5	0.5	0.4
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	55	40	15	0.4	0.6	0.2
Colombian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moroccan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	220	95	130	1.6	1.3	2.1
Syrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyanese	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Afghan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	25	10	20	0.2	0.1	0.3
Ojibway	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Konger	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ontarian	35	20	15	0.3	0.3	0.2
Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazilian	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.2
Nigerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	80	40	40	0.6	0.6	0.6
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwanese	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Iraqi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	25	10	20	0.2	0.1	0.3
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Lithuanian	30	30	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
South African	45	15	30	0.3	0.2	0.5
Australian	760	420	340	5.7	5.9	5.4
Palestinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chilean	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.2
Congolese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopian	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peruvian	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	40	20	25	0.3	0.3	0.4
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Canadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israeli	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	25	20	10	0.2	0.3	0.2
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albertan	15	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African American	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	35	15	25	0.3	0.2	0.4
Cuban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	40	25	20	0.3	0.3	0.3
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guatemalan	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Indonesian	30	25	15	0.2	0.3	0.2
Laotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Irish	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	20	15	10	0.1	0.2	0.2
British Columbian	30	20	10	0.2	0.3	0.2
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Argentinian	25	20	10	0.2	0.3	0.2
Estonian	30	15	20	0.2	0.2	0.3
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jatt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	45	20	30	0.3	0.3	0.5
Dominican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Abenaki	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Zealander	165	65	100	1.2	0.9	1.6
Sudanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Breton	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gaspesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norman	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mauritian	25	10	10	0.2	0.1	0.2
Kenyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Manitoban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Honduran	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cherokee	20	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.3
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Flemish	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Goan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamileke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Libyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Basque	40	25	15	0.3	0.3	0.2
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igorot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guinean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maliseet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Beninese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Roma	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tajik	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amhara	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	13,425	7,140	6,280	100.0	100.0	100.0
Buddhist	75	25	50	0.6	0.4	0.8
Christian	3,280	1,710	1,570	24.4	23.9	25.0
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	540	290	250	4.0	4.1	4.0
Anabaptist	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Anglican	350	170	170	2.6	2.4	2.7
Baptist	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Catholic	1,705	875	830	12.7	12.3	13.2
Christian Orthodox	55	35	15	0.4	0.5	0.2
Jehovah's Witness	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latter Day Saints	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Lutheran	70	45	20	0.5	0.6	0.3
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	20	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	30	20	10	0.2	0.3	0.2
Presbyterian	50	10	35	0.4	0.1	0.6
Reformed	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Church	250	115	130	1.9	1.6	2.1
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	185	105	80	1.4	1.5	1.3
Hindu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jewish	145	80	70	1.1	1.1	1.1
Muslim	50	40	0	0.4	0.6	0.0
Sikh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	95	40	55	0.7	0.6	0.9
No religion and secular perspectives	9,755	5,240	4,520	72.7	73.4	72.0
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	13,370	7,120	6,255	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	10,335	5,560	4,770	77.3	78.1	76.3
Movers	3,040	1,555	1,480	22.7	21.8	23.7
Non-migrants	1,735	950	790	13.0	13.3	12.6
Migrants	1,300	610	690	9.7	8.6	11.0
Internal migrants	970	415	550	7.3	5.8	8.8
Intraprovincial migrants	640	265	380	4.8	3.7	6.1
Interprovincial migrants	325	150	175	2.4	2.1	2.8
External migrants	330	190	140	2.5	2.7	2.2
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	13,025	6,935	6,095	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	5,870	3,140	2,735	45.1	45.3	44.9
Movers	7,155	3,800	3,360	54.9	54.8	55.1
Non-migrants	2,665	1,495	1,165	20.5	21.6	19.1
Migrants	4,495	2,305	2,190	34.5	33.2	35.9
Internal migrants	2,540	1,230	1,315	19.5	17.7	21.6
Intraprovincial migrants	1,545	740	805	11.9	10.7	13.2
Interprovincial migrants	995	495	505	7.6	7.1	8.3
External migrants	1,955	1,070	885	15.0	15.4	14.5
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	11,890	6,340	5,550	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	640	405	235	5.4	6.4	4.2
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	11,245	5,935	5,315	94.6	93.6	95.8
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	9,045	4,730	4,315	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	210	135	75	2.3	2.9	1.7
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	8,830	4,590	4,240	97.6	97.0	98.3
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	11,885	6,335	5,550	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	535	340	195	4.5	5.4	3.5
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	3,390	2,085	1,310	28.5	32.9	23.6
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	7,960	3,915	4,045	67.0	61.8	72.9
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	3,475	1,845	1,630	29.2	29.1	29.4
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	955	750	205	8.0	11.8	3.7
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	415	270	150	3.5	4.3	2.7
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	535	480	55	4.5	7.6	1.0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	2,025	900	1,125	17.0	14.2	20.3
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	495	195	300	4.2	3.1	5.4
Bachelor's degree or higher	4,485	2,075	2,410	37.7	32.8	43.4
Bachelor's degree	3,075	1,450	1,630	25.9	22.9	29.4
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	350	165	190	2.9	2.6	3.4
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	70	45	30	0.6	0.7	0.5
Master's degree	910	360	550	7.7	5.7	9.9
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	80	60	20	0.7	0.9	0.4
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	9,040	4,725	4,315	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	145	100	45	1.6	2.1	1.0
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	2,270	1,430	840	25.1	30.3	19.5
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	6,620	3,190	3,430	73.2	67.5	79.5
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	2,905	1,540	1,360	32.1	32.6	31.5
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	805	615	190	8.9	13.0	4.4
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	360	225	130	4.0	4.8	3.0
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	445	385	55	4.9	8.1	1.3
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	1,705	760	945	18.9	16.1	21.9
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	395	165	230	4.4	3.5	5.3
Bachelor's degree or higher	3,720	1,650	2,070	41.2	34.9	48.0
Bachelor's degree	2,600	1,225	1,375	28.8	25.9	31.9
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	250	105	150	2.8	2.2	3.5
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	40	15	25	0.4	0.3	0.6
Master's degree	770	270	500	8.5	5.7	11.6
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	50	30	20	0.6	0.6	0.5
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	11,885	6,340	5,550	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	3,925	2,425	1,505	33.0	38.2	27.1
Education	420	60	360	3.5	0.9	6.5
13. Education	420	60	360	3.5	0.9	6.5
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	405	140	270	3.4	2.2	4.9
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
50. Visual and performing arts	400	130	270	3.4	2.1	4.9
Humanities	400	150	245	3.4	2.4	4.4
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	20	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.2
23. English language and literature/letters	120	30	95	1.0	0.5	1.7
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	135	50	85	1.1	0.8	1.5
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	20	10	15	0.2	0.2	0.3
38. Philosophy and religious studies	55	40	15	0.5	0.6	0.3
39. Theology and religious vocations	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
54. History	35	15	20	0.3	0.2	0.4
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,125	440	690	9.5	6.9	12.4
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	30	10	25	0.3	0.2	0.5
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	165	50	115	1.4	0.8	2.1
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	85	10	75	0.7	0.2	1.4
22. Legal professions and studies	175	80	90	1.5	1.3	1.6
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
42. Psychology	185	25	160	1.6	0.4	2.9
45. Social sciences	485	260	220	4.1	4.1	4.0
Business, management and public administration	2,005	880	1,125	16.9	13.9	20.3
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	45	25	25	0.4	0.4	0.5
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	1,960	860	1,100	16.5	13.6	19.8
Physical and life sciences and technologies	415	245	170	3.5	3.9	3.1
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	165	65	105	1.4	1.0	1.9
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	75	40	35	0.6	0.6	0.6
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	15	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
40. Physical sciences	140	120	20	1.2	1.9	0.4
41. Science technologies/technicians	15	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	220	145	80	1.9	2.3	1.4
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	180	120	60	1.5	1.9	1.1
25. Library science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
27. Mathematics and statistics	40	25	15	0.3	0.4	0.3
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	1,300	1,150	145	10.9	18.1	2.6
04. Architecture and related services	125	65	60	1.1	1.0	1.1
14. Engineering	365	305	65	3.1	4.8	1.2
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	170	150	20	1.4	2.4	0.4
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	400	400	0	3.4	6.3	0.0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	145	145	0	1.2	2.3	0.0
48. Precision production	95	90	0	0.8	1.4	0.0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	240	135	105	2.0	2.1	1.9
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	100	55	45	0.8	0.9	0.8
03. Natural resources and conservation	145	80	60	1.2	1.3	1.1
Health and related fields	1,040	335	710	8.8	5.3	12.8
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	390	200	190	3.3	3.2	3.4
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	640	120	520	5.4	1.9	9.4
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Personal, protective and transportation services	385	235	150	3.2	3.7	2.7
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	295	170	125	2.5	2.7	2.3
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	35	35	0	0.3	0.6	0.0
49. Transportation and materials moving	50	30	15	0.4	0.5	0.3
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	9,040	4,725	4,315	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	2,420	1,535	885	26.8	32.5	20.5
Education	310	50	255	3.4	1.1	5.9
13. Education	310	50	255	3.4	1.1	5.9
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	360	120	240	4.0	2.5	5.6
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
50. Visual and performing arts	350	115	240	3.9	2.4	5.6
Humanities	335	150	190	3.7	3.2	4.4
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	15	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
23. English language and literature/letters	105	25	80	1.2	0.5	1.9
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	115	50	65	1.3	1.1	1.5
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
38. Philosophy and religious studies	50	40	15	0.6	0.8	0.3
39. Theology and religious vocations	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
54. History	25	15	10	0.3	0.3	0.2
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	910	350	565	10.1	7.4	13.1
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	30	10	25	0.3	0.2	0.6
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	150	40	105	1.7	0.8	2.4
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	70	10	65	0.8	0.2	1.5
22. Legal professions and studies	110	30	80	1.2	0.6	1.9
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
42. Psychology	125	25	110	1.4	0.5	2.5
45. Social sciences	420	235	185	4.6	5.0	4.3
Business, management and public administration	1,700	700	995	18.8	14.8	23.1
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	45	15	20	0.5	0.3	0.5
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	1,655	685	970	18.3	14.5	22.5
Physical and life sciences and technologies	330	185	145	3.7	3.9	3.4
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	150	65	90	1.7	1.4	2.1
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	50	25	25	0.6	0.5	0.6
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	15	10	0	0.2	0.2	0.0
40. Physical sciences	95	80	20	1.1	1.7	0.5
41. Science technologies/technicians	15	15	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	205	125	75	2.3	2.6	1.7
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	165	105	65	1.8	2.2	1.5
25. Library science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
27. Mathematics and statistics	30	15	15	0.3	0.3	0.3
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	1,045	910	135	11.6	19.3	3.1
04. Architecture and related services	115	55	60	1.3	1.2	1.4
14. Engineering	290	235	55	3.2	5.0	1.3
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	130	115	15	1.4	2.4	0.3
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	320	320	0	3.5	6.8	0.0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	105	105	0	1.2	2.2	0.0
48. Precision production	80	75	0	0.9	1.6	0.0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	210	115	95	2.3	2.4	2.2
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	85	45	45	0.9	1.0	1.0
03. Natural resources and conservation	125	70	55	1.4	1.5	1.3
Health and related fields	870	275	600	9.6	5.8	13.9
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	340	180	165	3.8	3.8	3.8
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	530	95	435	5.9	2.0	10.1
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Personal, protective and transportation services	340	205	135	3.8	4.3	3.1
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	280	155	120	3.1	3.3	2.8
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	30	20	0	0.3	0.4	0.0
49. Transportation and materials moving	35	30	0	0.4	0.6	0.0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	9,040	4,725	4,315	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,420	1,535	885	26.8	32.5	20.5
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	6,620	3,195	3,430	73.2	67.6	79.5
Location of study inside Canada	3,870	1,905	1,965	42.8	40.3	45.5
Same as province or territory of residence	1,900	905	990	21.0	19.2	22.9
Different than province or territory of residence	1,970	1,000	975	21.8	21.2	22.6
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	2,750	1,285	1,465	30.4	27.2	34.0
Americas	375	145	230	4.1	3.1	5.3
United States of America	275	95	185	3.0	2.0	4.3
Mexico	20	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.3
Cuba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazil	15	15	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
Colombia	15	15	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Americas	55	25	30	0.6	0.5	0.7
Europe	1,275	645	630	14.1	13.7	14.6
Belgium	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
France	55	35	20	0.6	0.7	0.5
Germany	45	10	35	0.5	0.2	0.8
Netherlands	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Switzerland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	25	0	20	0.3	0.0	0.5
Romania	15	10	0	0.2	0.2	0.0
Russian Federation	20	10	0	0.2	0.2	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	80	50	30	0.9	1.1	0.7
United Kingdom⁸⁷	790	410	380	8.7	8.7	8.8
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Europe	220	90	125	2.4	1.9	2.9
Africa	65	55	10	0.7	1.2	0.2
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	15	15	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	15	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.2
Other locations of study in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asia	420	140	280	4.6	3.0	6.5
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwan	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	135	30	105	1.5	0.6	2.4
Korea, South⁹²	20	0	20	0.2	0.0	0.5
Philippines	210	80	135	2.3	1.7	3.1
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	20	15	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania	620	300	320	6.9	6.3	7.4
Australia	540	270	275	6.0	5.7	6.4
New Zealand	75	30	45	0.8	0.6	1.0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	11,885	6,335	5,550	...	...	...
In the labour force	9,625	5,195	4,425	...	...	...
Employed	7,945	4,270	3,675	...	...	...
Unemployed	1,680	930	750	...	...	...
Not in the labour force	2,265	1,145	1,120	...	...	...
Participation rate	81.0	82.0	79.7	81.0	82.0	79.7
Employment rate	66.8	67.4	66.2	66.8	67.4	66.2
Unemployment rate	17.5	17.9	16.9	17.5	17.9	16.9
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	11,885	6,340	5,550	100.0	100.0	100.0
Did not work¹⁸⁶	2,390	1,175	1,215	20.1	18.5	21.9
Worked	9,500	5,165	4,330	79.9	81.5	78.0
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	3,585	2,135	1,450	30.2	33.7	26.1
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	5,910	3,030	2,880	49.7	47.8	51.9
Average weeks worked in reference year	38.8	39.2	38.4	38.8	39.2	38.4
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	9,620	5,195	4,430	100.0	100.0	100.0
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	80	50	30	0.8	1.0	0.7
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	9,540	5,145	4,395	99.2	99.0	99.2
Employee	7,480	3,990	3,490	77.8	76.8	78.8
Permanent position	5,830	3,080	2,750	60.6	59.3	62.1
Temporary position	1,650	910	740	17.2	17.5	16.7
Fixed term (1 year or more)	415	245	175	4.3	4.7	4.0
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	1,230	670	565	12.8	12.9	12.8
Self-employed¹⁹²	2,065	1,160	910	21.5	22.3	20.5
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	9,620	5,195	4,430	100.0	100.0	100.0
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	80	50	30	0.8	1.0	0.7
All occupations¹⁹¹	9,540	5,145	4,395	99.2	99.0	99.2
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	165	100	60	1.7	1.9	1.4
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	1,405	420	985	14.6	8.1	22.2
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	580	440	135	6.0	8.5	3.0
3 Health occupations	340	55	285	3.5	1.1	6.4
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	640	180	460	6.7	3.5	10.4
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	585	310	275	6.1	6.0	6.2
6 Sales and service occupations	3,940	1,955	1,985	41.0	37.6	44.8
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	1,535	1,420	115	16.0	27.3	2.6
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	250	175	75	2.6	3.4	1.7
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	100	90	10	1.0	1.7	0.2
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	9,620	5,195	4,430	100.0	100.0	100.0
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	80	50	30	0.8	1.0	0.7
All industries¹⁹¹	9,540	5,145	4,395	99.2	99.0	99.2
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	65	30	30	0.7	0.6	0.7
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	50	45	0	0.5	0.9	0.0
22 Utilities	20	10	0	0.2	0.2	0.0
23 Construction	985	890	100	10.2	17.1	2.3
31-33 Manufacturing	235	105	125	2.4	2.0	2.8
41 Wholesale trade	140	100	40	1.5	1.9	0.9
44-45 Retail trade	880	455	425	9.1	8.8	9.6
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	165	135	30	1.7	2.6	0.7
51 Information and cultural industries	120	60	60	1.2	1.2	1.4
52 Finance and insurance	220	145	80	2.3	2.8	1.8
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	335	145	185	3.5	2.8	4.2
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	815	435	375	8.5	8.4	8.5
55 Management of companies and enterprises	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	505	265	240	5.2	5.1	5.4
61 Educational services	395	125	270	4.1	2.4	6.1
62 Health care and social assistance	545	60	485	5.7	1.2	10.9
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	655	345	305	6.8	6.6	6.9
72 Accommodation and food services	2,650	1,470	1,185	27.5	28.3	26.7
81 Other services (except public administration)	360	120	235	3.7	2.3	5.3
91 Public administration	405	205	200	4.2	3.9	4.5
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	10,365	5,600	4,765	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	9,875	5,360	4,515	95.3	95.7	94.8
French	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.3
Non-official language	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
English and French	225	120	105	2.2	2.1	2.2
English and non-official language(s)	230	105	120	2.2	1.9	2.5
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	10,365	5,600	4,765	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	10,335	5,595	4,740	99.7	99.9	99.5
Official languages	10,295	5,575	4,715	99.3	99.6	99.0
English	10,205	5,525	4,685	98.5	98.7	98.3
French	85	55	30	0.8	1.0	0.6
Non-official languages	45	20	25	0.4	0.4	0.5
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	45	20	25	0.4	0.4	0.5
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	25	20	10	0.2	0.4	0.2
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	25	0	20	0.2	0.0	0.4
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	25	0	20	0.2	0.0	0.4
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	10,365	5,600	4,765	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	9,920	5,360	4,555	95.7	95.7	95.6
English	100	70	35	1.0	1.3	0.7
French	155	75	80	1.5	1.3	1.7
Non-official language	175	85	90	1.7	1.5	1.9
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	165	85	85	1.6	1.5	1.8
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	7,945	4,270	3,675	100.0	100.0	100.0
Worked at home	1,795	840	960	22.6	19.7	26.1
Worked outside Canada	35	10	30	0.4	0.2	0.8
No fixed workplace address	1,590	1,105	490	20.0	25.9	13.3
Usual place of work	4,520	2,320	2,200	56.9	54.3	59.9
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	4,525	2,320	2,205	100.0	100.0	100.0
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	4,055	2,090	1,955	89.6	90.1	88.7
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	195	70	120	4.3	3.0	5.4
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	245	120	120	5.4	5.2	5.4
Commute to a different province or territory	30	30	0	0.7	1.3	0.0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	6,115	3,420	2,690	100.0	100.0	100.0
Car, truck or van	4,140	2,475	1,665	67.7	72.4	61.9
Car, truck or van - as a driver	3,895	2,405	1,490	63.7	70.3	55.4
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	245	70	175	4.0	2.0	6.5
Public transit	645	265	380	10.5	7.7	14.1
Walked	690	300	390	11.3	8.8	14.5
Bicycle	460	275	190	7.5	8.0	7.1
Other method	175	105	75	2.9	3.1	2.8
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	6,115	3,420	2,690	100.0	100.0	100.0
Less than 15 minutes	3,455	1,910	1,545	56.5	55.8	57.4
15 to 29 minutes	1,900	1,065	830	31.1	31.1	30.9
30 to 44 minutes	410	240	170	6.7	7.0	6.3
45 to 59 minutes	150	75	70	2.5	2.2	2.6
60 minutes and over	200	125	75	3.3	3.7	2.8
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	6,115	3,420	2,690	100.0	100.0	100.0
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	210	160	45	3.4	4.7	1.7
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	570	345	225	9.3	10.1	8.4
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	1,425	920	505	23.3	26.9	18.8
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	1,750	855	895	28.6	25.0	33.3
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	1,275	610	665	20.9	17.8	24.7
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	890	535	355	14.6	15.6	13.2
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	1,940	1,025	915	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	250	125	125	12.9	12.2	13.7
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	1,695	900	790	87.4	87.8	86.3
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	1,470	770	700	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	195	100	95	13.3	13.0	13.6
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	130	60	70	8.8	7.8	10.0
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	65	40	25	4.4	5.2	3.6
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	1,270	670	600	86.4	87.0	85.7

Symbol legend

...
not applicable
^r
revised

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 30, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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