Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	Cowichan Valley A, Regional district electoral area (RDA)More information: British Columbia [Census subdivision]
	Counts			Rates
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	4,949	...	...	...	...	...
Population, 2016¹	4,733	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	4.6	...	...	4.6	...	...
Total private dwellings²	2,166	...	...	...	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	2,036	...	...	...	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	100.6	...	...	100.6	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	49.21	...	...	...	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	4,950	2,460	2,485	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	615	325	295	12.4	13.2	11.9
0 to 4 years	155	75	80	3.1	3.0	3.2
5 to 9 years	205	110	95	4.1	4.5	3.8
10 to 14 years	250	130	120	5.1	5.3	4.8
15 to 64 years	2,915	1,415	1,495	58.9	57.5	60.2
15 to 19 years	220	115	105	4.4	4.7	4.2
20 to 24 years	170	85	90	3.4	3.5	3.6
25 to 29 years	175	90	80	3.5	3.7	3.2
30 to 34 years	200	95	100	4.0	3.9	4.0
35 to 39 years	240	120	125	4.8	4.9	5.0
40 to 44 years	275	140	135	5.6	5.7	5.4
45 to 49 years	310	165	145	6.3	6.7	5.8
50 to 54 years	365	160	205	7.4	6.5	8.2
55 to 59 years	475	215	255	9.6	8.7	10.3
60 to 64 years	480	225	255	9.7	9.1	10.3
65 years and over	1,420	725	695	28.7	29.5	28.0
65 to 69 years	490	250	245	9.9	10.2	9.9
70 to 74 years	425	220	210	8.6	8.9	8.5
75 to 79 years	245	130	120	4.9	5.3	4.8
80 to 84 years	125	70	55	2.5	2.8	2.2
85 years and over	130	55	70	2.6	2.2	2.8
85 to 89 years	85	35	40	1.7	1.4	1.6
90 to 94 years	35	15	20	0.7	0.6	0.8
95 to 99 years	15	0	10	0.3	0.0	0.4
100 years and over	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	12.4	13.2	11.9	12.4	13.2	11.9
15 to 64 years	58.9	57.5	60.2	58.9	57.5	60.2
65 years and over	28.7	29.5	28.0	28.7	29.5	28.0
85 years and over	2.6	2.2	2.8	2.6	2.2	2.8
Average age of the population	48.7	48.3	49.2	48.7	48.3	49.2
Median age of the population	54.0	52.8	54.4	54.0	52.8	54.4
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	2,035	...	...	100.0	...	...
Single-detached house	1,585	...	...	77.9	...	...
Semi-detached house	20	...	...	1.0	...	...
Row house	60	...	...	2.9	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	65	...	...	3.2	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	55	...	...	2.7	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Other single-attached house	10	...	...	0.5	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	240	...	...	11.8	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	2,035	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 person	455	...	...	22.4	...	...
2 persons	900	...	...	44.2	...	...
3 persons	300	...	...	14.7	...	...
4 persons	240	...	...	11.8	...	...
5 or more persons	135	...	...	6.6	...	...
Number of persons in private households	4,865	2,420	2,445	100.0	100.0	100.0
Average household size	2.4	...	...	2.4	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	4,335	2,140	2,190	100.0	100.0	100.0
Married or living common-law	2,915	1,460	1,460	67.2	68.2	66.7
Married	2,445	1,220	1,220	56.4	57.0	55.7
Living common-law	470	235	235	10.8	11.0	10.7
Living common law - Never married	285	140	145	6.6	6.5	6.6
Living common law - Separated	25	10	15	0.6	0.5	0.7
Living common law - Divorced	145	80	65	3.3	3.7	3.0
Living common law - Widowed	15	5	10	0.3	0.2	0.5
Not married and not living common-law	1,420	680	735	32.8	31.8	33.6
Not married and not living common law - Never married	760	440	325	17.5	20.6	14.8
Not married and not living common law - Separated	95	40	60	2.2	1.9	2.7
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	325	150	175	7.5	7.0	8.0
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	235	60	175	5.4	2.8	8.0
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	1,590	...	...	100.0	...	...
2 persons	1,030	...	...	64.8	...	...
3 persons	275	...	...	17.3	...	...
4 persons	225	...	...	14.2	...	...
5 or more persons	60	...	...	3.8	...	...
Average size of census families	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.6	...	...	1.6	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	1,585	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total couple families	1,425	...	...	89.9	...	...
Married couples	1,190	...	...	75.1	...	...
With children⁶	440	...	...	27.8	...	...
Without children	750	...	...	47.3	...	...
Common-law couples	235	...	...	14.8	...	...
With children⁶	70	...	...	4.4	...	...
Without children	170	...	...	10.7	...	...
Total one-parent families	165	...	...	10.4	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	115	...	...	7.3	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	50	...	...	3.2	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	4,865	2,420	2,445	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total - Persons in census families	4,105	2,065	2,045	84.4	85.3	83.6
Married spouses or common-law partners	2,850	1,420	1,435	58.6	58.7	58.7
Parents in one-parent families	165	50	115	3.4	2.1	4.7
Children⁶	1,090	600	495	22.4	24.8	20.2
In a two-parent family	865	465	405	17.8	19.2	16.6
In a one-parent family	225	135	90	4.6	5.6	3.7
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	760	355	405	15.6	14.7	16.6
Living alone	460	220	235	9.5	9.1	9.6
Living with other relatives⁷	125	50	80	2.6	2.1	3.3
Living with non-relatives only	175	85	90	3.6	3.5	3.7
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	2,035	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	1,335	...	...	65.6	...	...
Couple-family households	1,215	...	...	59.7	...	...
With children⁶	440	...	...	21.6	...	...
Without children	775	...	...	38.1	...	...
One-parent-family households	115	...	...	5.7	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	60	...	...	2.9	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	30	...	...	1.5	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	100	...	...	4.9	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	55	...	...	2.7	...	...
One-person households	460	...	...	22.6	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	4,255	2,100	2,160	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	4,170	2,060	2,110	98.0	98.1	97.7
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	44,800	53,600	36,800	44,800	53,600	36,800
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	4,170	2,060	2,110	98.0	98.1	97.7
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	40,400	48,000	34,000	40,400	48,000	34,000
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	3,830	1,910	1,925	90.0	91.0	89.1
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	37,200	47,200	27,800	37,200	47,200	27,800
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	2,715	1,375	1,340	63.8	65.5	62.0
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	37,600	48,000	28,800	37,600	48,000	28,800
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	3,400	1,590	1,815	79.9	75.7	84.0
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	12,200	12,700	11,700	12,200	12,700	11,700
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	270	130	140	6.3	6.2	6.5
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,120	5,520	6,280	6,120	5,520	6,280
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	895	410	485	21.0	19.5	22.5
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	4,275	2,130	2,140	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	4,195	2,110	2,085	98.1	99.1	97.4
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	56,850	67,700	45,840	56,850	67,700	45,840
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	4,195	2,110	2,085	98.1	99.1	97.4
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	48,200	56,300	39,920	48,200	56,300	39,920
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	3,850	1,960	1,895	90.1	92.0	88.6
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	51,700	63,250	39,760	51,700	63,250	39,760
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	2,715	1,435	1,280	63.5	67.4	59.8
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	50,920	60,700	40,000	50,920	60,700	40,000
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	3,345	1,585	1,765	78.2	74.4	82.5
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	11,740	12,100	11,410	11,740	12,100	11,410
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	255	145	110	6.0	6.8	5.1
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,550	6,600	6,600	6,550	6,600	6,600
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	850	410	445	19.9	19.2	20.8
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	9,380	9,280	9,480	9,380	9,280	9,480
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	4,270	2,130	2,140	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	1,170	670	500	27.4	31.5	23.4
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	72,000	75,500	64,500	72,000	75,500	64,500
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	81,400	91,200	68,400	81,400	91,200	68,400
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	1,125	545	580	26.3	25.6	27.1
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	19,400	21,400	18,000	19,400	21,400	18,000
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	31,950	38,600	25,700	31,950	38,600	25,700
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	83.6	86.6	79.0	83.6	86.6	79.0
Employment income (%)¹⁹	58.0	60.9	53.6	58.0	60.9	53.6
Government transfers (%)²⁰	16.5	13.4	21.1	16.5	13.4	21.1
Employment insurance benefits (%)	0.7	0.7	0.7	0.7	0.7	0.7
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	4.2	3.3	5.7	4.2	3.3	5.7
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	3.3	2.6	4.4	3.3	2.6	4.4
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	4,255	2,100	2,155	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without total income	85	35	45	2.0	1.7	2.1
With total income	4,170	2,065	2,110	98.0	98.3	97.9
Under $10,000 (including loss)	315	125	185	7.6	6.1	8.8
$10,000 to $19,999	505	185	315	12.1	9.0	14.9
$20,000 to $29,999	580	215	365	13.9	10.4	17.3
$30,000 to $39,999	485	225	260	11.6	10.9	12.3
$40,000 to $49,999	470	215	255	11.3	10.4	12.1
$50,000 to $59,999	375	175	195	9.0	8.5	9.2
$60,000 to $69,999	295	160	140	7.1	7.7	6.6
$70,000 to $79,999	265	155	110	6.4	7.5	5.2
$80,000 to $89,999	190	135	60	4.6	6.5	2.8
$90,000 to $99,999	175	110	60	4.2	5.3	2.8
$100,000 and over	525	360	165	12.6	17.4	7.8
$100,000 to $149,999	355	220	130	8.5	10.7	6.2
$150,000 and over	170	140	35	4.1	6.8	1.7
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	4,255	2,100	2,155	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without after-tax income	85	35	45	2.0	1.7	2.1
With after-tax income	4,170	2,065	2,110	98.0	98.3	97.9
Under $10,000 (including loss)	345	130	210	8.3	6.3	10.0
$10,000 to $19,999	515	200	320	12.4	9.7	15.2
$20,000 to $29,999	650	250	405	15.6	12.1	19.2
$30,000 to $39,999	545	255	290	13.1	12.3	13.7
$40,000 to $49,999	540	245	300	12.9	11.9	14.2
$50,000 to $59,999	395	220	175	9.5	10.7	8.3
$60,000 to $69,999	340	205	140	8.2	9.9	6.6
$70,000 to $79,999	235	150	90	5.6	7.3	4.3
$80,000 to $89,999	185	135	55	4.4	6.5	2.6
$90,000 to $99,999	115	70	45	2.8	3.4	2.1
$100,000 and over	300	215	80	7.2	10.4	3.8
$100,000 to $124,999	155	105	50	3.7	5.1	2.4
$125,000 and over	145	115	35	3.5	5.6	1.7
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	4,255	2,100	2,155	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without employment income	1,540	725	815	36.2	34.5	37.8
With employment income	2,715	1,375	1,345	63.8	65.5	62.4
Under $5,000 (including loss)	420	190	225	15.5	13.8	16.7
$5,000 to $9,999	220	90	130	8.1	6.5	9.7
$10,000 to $19,999	335	135	195	12.3	9.8	14.5
$20,000 to $29,999	230	105	130	8.5	7.6	9.7
$30,000 to $39,999	210	85	125	7.7	6.2	9.3
$40,000 to $49,999	230	105	125	8.5	7.6	9.3
$50,000 to $59,999	165	75	95	6.1	5.5	7.1
$60,000 to $69,999	160	85	75	5.9	6.2	5.6
$70,000 to $79,999	160	95	65	5.9	6.9	4.8
$80,000 to $89,999	120	80	40	4.4	5.8	3.0
$90,000 to $99,999	125	80	45	4.6	5.8	3.3
$100,000 and over	345	250	95	12.7	18.2	7.1
$100,000 to $124,999	155	105	55	5.7	7.6	4.1
$125,000 and over	190	150	45	7.0	10.9	3.3
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	4,255	2,100	2,160	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	4,085	2,010	2,070	96.0	95.7	95.8
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	43,600	52,800	34,000	43,600	52,800	34,000
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	4,090	2,010	2,080	96.1	95.7	96.3
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	38,800	47,200	30,800	38,800	47,200	30,800
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	3,825	1,900	1,920	89.9	90.5	88.9
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	37,600	48,800	29,800	37,600	48,800	29,800
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	2,935	1,505	1,430	69.0	71.7	66.2
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	35,200	46,400	28,400	35,200	46,400	28,400
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	2,770	1,240	1,530	65.1	59.0	70.8
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	9,900	12,100	8,700	9,900	12,100	8,700
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	235	105	130	5.5	5.0	6.0
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	5,400	6,040	4,840	5,400	6,040	4,840
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	4,275	2,130	2,140	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	4,115	2,065	2,050	96.3	96.9	95.8
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	59,750	74,700	44,640	59,750	74,700	44,640
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	4,120	2,065	2,055	96.4	96.9	96.0
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	48,680	60,100	37,160	48,680	60,100	37,160
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	3,845	1,950	1,895	89.9	91.5	88.6
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	56,600	71,900	40,880	56,600	71,900	40,880
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	2,920	1,555	1,355	68.3	73.0	63.3
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	51,300	62,300	38,720	51,300	62,300	38,720
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	2,805	1,280	1,530	65.6	60.1	71.5
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	9,940	10,720	9,290	9,940	10,720	9,290
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	270	150	120	6.3	7.0	5.6
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	8,300	8,200	8,400	8,300	8,200	8,400
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	4,270	2,130	2,140	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	1,155	660	495	27.0	31.0	23.1
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	65,500	70,500	58,800	65,500	70,500	58,800
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	77,000	87,400	63,200	77,000	87,400	63,200
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	1,090	540	545	25.5	25.4	25.5
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	25,800	34,000	20,000	25,800	34,000	20,000
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	43,800	56,600	31,300	43,800	56,600	31,300
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	88.6	91.2	84.4	88.6	91.2	84.4
Employment income (%)	60.9	63.0	57.4	60.9	63.0	57.4
Government transfers (%)	11.4	8.9	15.5	11.4	8.9	15.5
Employment insurance benefits (%)	0.9	0.8	1.1	0.9	0.8	1.1
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	2,035	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	96,000	...	...	96,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	85,000	...	...	85,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	460	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	44,400	...	...	44,400	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	41,200	...	...	41,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	1,575	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	115,000	...	...	115,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	100,000	...	...	100,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	2,040	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	117,100	...	...	117,100	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	99,300	...	...	99,300	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	490	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	53,600	...	...	53,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	46,000	...	...	46,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	1,545	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	137,400	...	...	137,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	116,200	...	...	116,200	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	2,035	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	10	...	...	0.5	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	5	...	...	0.2	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	15	...	...	0.7	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	35	...	...	1.7	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	65	...	...	3.2	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	50	...	...	2.5	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	60	...	...	2.9	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	50	...	...	2.5	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	60	...	...	2.9	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	75	...	...	3.7	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	140	...	...	6.9	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	135	...	...	6.6	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	150	...	...	7.4	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	105	...	...	5.2	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	125	...	...	6.1	...	...
$100,000 and over	965	...	...	47.4	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	240	...	...	11.8	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	180	...	...	8.8	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	290	...	...	14.3	...	...
$200,000 and over	250	...	...	12.3	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	2,035	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	15	...	...	0.7	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	5	...	...	0.2	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	20	...	...	1.0	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	40	...	...	2.0	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	70	...	...	3.4	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	50	...	...	2.5	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	65	...	...	3.2	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	60	...	...	2.9	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	75	...	...	3.7	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	80	...	...	3.9	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	170	...	...	8.4	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	155	...	...	7.6	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	140	...	...	6.9	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	165	...	...	8.1	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	130	...	...	6.4	...	...
$100,000 and over	805	...	...	39.6	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	245	...	...	12.0	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	225	...	...	11.1	...	...
$150,000 and over	340	...	...	16.7	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	1,550	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	112,000	...	...	112,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	98,000	...	...	98,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	815	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	96,000	...	...	96,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	85,000	...	...	85,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	515	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	154,000	...	...	154,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	131,000	...	...	131,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	3.9	...	...	3.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	150	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	77,500	...	...	77,500	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	70,000	...	...	70,000	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.5	...	...	2.5	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	635	310	325	...	...	...
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	42,000	44,000	40,000	42,000	44,000	40,000
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	38,400	40,400	37,200	38,400	40,400	37,200
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	1,535	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	135,400	...	...	135,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	114,400	...	...	114,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	760	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	108,400	...	...	108,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	92,800	...	...	92,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	555	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	177,000	...	...	177,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	146,500	...	...	146,500	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	145	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	96,000	...	...	96,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	84,000	...	...	84,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	620	305	315	...	...	...
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	49,600	53,600	45,600	49,600	53,600	45,600
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	42,800	46,000	40,000	42,800	46,000	40,000
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	4,865	2,420	2,450	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	735	390	345	15.1	16.1	14.1
0 to 5 years	200	90	110	4.1	3.7	4.5
18 to 64 years	2,740	1,325	1,420	56.3	54.8	58.0
65 years and over	1,390	700	685	28.6	28.9	28.0
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	370	170	200	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	60	30	25	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	15	10	5	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	190	80	110	...	...	...
65 years and over	125	60	70	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	7.6	7.0	8.3	7.6	7.0	8.3
0 to 17 years (%)	7.6	8.0	7.2	7.6	8.0	7.2
0 to 5 years (%)	8.0	10.0	6.0	8.0	10.0	6.0
18 to 64 years (%)	7.0	6.0	7.8	7.0	6.0	7.8
65 years and over (%)	9.0	8.0	10.0	9.0	8.0	10.0
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	4,865	2,420	2,445	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	740	390	345	15.2	16.1	14.1
0 to 5 years	200	90	110	4.1	3.7	4.5
18 to 64 years	2,740	1,325	1,415	56.3	54.8	57.9
65 years and over	1,385	705	685	28.5	29.1	28.0
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	110	50	55	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	20	10	5	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	5	0	5	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	75	35	45	...	...	...
65 years and over	15	10	5	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	2.2	2.1	2.3	2.2	2.1	2.3
0 to 17 years (%)	2.4	2.8	2.5	2.4	2.8	2.5
0 to 5 years (%)	2.5	x	x	2.5	x	x
18 to 64 years (%)	2.7	2.4	2.9	2.7	2.4	2.9
65 years and over (%)	1.0	1.0	1.2	1.0	1.0	1.2
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	4,865	2,415	2,450	100.0	100.0	100.0
In bottom half of the distribution	1,855	900	960	38.1	37.3	39.2
In bottom decile	355	165	190	7.3	6.8	7.8
In second decile	285	135	150	5.9	5.6	6.1
In third decile	385	190	195	7.9	7.9	8.0
In fourth decile	395	185	215	8.1	7.7	8.8
In fifth decile	435	230	210	8.9	9.5	8.6
In top half of the distribution	3,010	1,520	1,490	61.9	62.9	60.8
In sixth decile	485	245	240	10.0	10.1	9.8
In seventh decile	580	285	290	11.9	11.8	11.8
In eighth decile	545	275	270	11.2	11.4	11.0
In ninth decile	685	345	340	14.1	14.3	13.9
In top decile	710	360	345	14.6	14.9	14.1
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	4,865	...	...	4,865	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.308	...	...	0.308	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.400	...	...	0.400	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.273	...	...	0.273	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.6	...	...	3.6	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	4,945	2,465	2,485	100.0	100.0	100.0
English only	4,520	2,255	2,265	91.4	91.5	91.1
French only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and French	415	200	215	8.4	8.1	8.7
Neither English nor French	10	5	5	0.2	0.2	0.2
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	4,945	2,465	2,485	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	4,870	2,420	2,450	98.5	98.2	98.6
French	65	40	30	1.3	1.6	1.2
English and French	5	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Neither English nor French	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.2
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	4,945	2,465	2,485	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	4,850	2,415	2,440	98.1	98.0	98.2
Official languages	4,560	2,285	2,275	92.2	92.7	91.5
English	4,490	2,250	2,245	90.8	91.3	90.3
French	70	40	35	1.4	1.6	1.4
Non-official languages	290	125	165	5.9	5.1	6.6
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	290	120	165	5.9	4.9	6.6
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.2
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.2
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	20	5	15	0.4	0.2	0.6
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	15	5	10	0.3	0.2	0.4
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	185	80	105	3.7	3.2	4.2
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	35	10	25	0.7	0.4	1.0
Baltic languages	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.2
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.2
Slavic languages	30	10	15	0.6	0.4	0.6
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	10	5	0	0.2	0.2	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	10	0	5	0.2	0.0	0.2
Russian	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.2
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	95	40	50	1.9	1.6	2.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	45	20	20	0.9	0.8	0.8
German	45	20	20	0.9	0.8	0.8
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	30	10	20	0.6	0.4	0.8
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	25	10	15	0.5	0.4	0.6
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	25	15	15	0.5	0.6	0.6
Danish	10	5	0	0.2	0.2	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.2
Swedish	10	0	5	0.2	0.0	0.2
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	10	10	5	0.2	0.4	0.2
Indo-Aryan languages	10	5	5	0.2	0.2	0.2
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	5	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	45	15	25	0.9	0.6	1.0
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	10	5	5	0.2	0.2	0.2
Portuguese	10	5	0	0.2	0.2	0.0
Romanian	5	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Spanish	20	5	15	0.4	0.2	0.6
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	10	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.4
Korean	15	10	5	0.3	0.4	0.2
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	35	15	20	0.7	0.6	0.8
Chinese languages	35	15	20	0.7	0.6	0.8
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	30	10	20	0.6	0.4	0.8
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.2
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	5	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	5	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	5	5	5	0.1	0.2	0.2
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	5	5	5	0.1	0.2	0.2
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	95	50	45	1.9	2.0	1.8
English and French	30	20	15	0.6	0.8	0.6
English and non-official language(s)	60	30	30	1.2	1.2	1.2
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.2
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	4,945	2,465	2,485	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	4,630	2,315	2,320	93.6	93.9	93.4
French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-official language	40	20	20	0.8	0.8	0.8
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	40	20	20	0.8	0.8	0.8
English and French	60	30	30	1.2	1.2	1.2
English and non-official language(s)	210	100	115	4.2	4.1	4.6
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.2
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	4,945	2,465	2,485	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	4,920	2,445	2,470	99.5	99.2	99.4
Official languages	4,845	2,410	2,435	98.0	97.8	98.0
English	4,835	2,405	2,435	97.8	97.6	98.0
French	10	5	5	0.2	0.2	0.2
Non-official languages	70	35	35	1.4	1.4	1.4
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	70	35	35	1.4	1.4	1.4
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	5	5	5	0.1	0.2	0.2
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	5	5	5	0.1	0.2	0.2
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	35	15	15	0.7	0.6	0.6
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	5	5	5	0.1	0.2	0.2
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	5	5	5	0.1	0.2	0.2
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	5	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	15	5	10	0.3	0.2	0.4
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	10	5	5	0.2	0.2	0.2
German	10	5	5	0.2	0.2	0.2
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.2
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.2
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	10	5	0	0.2	0.2	0.0
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	5	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	5	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Korean	15	5	5	0.3	0.2	0.2
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	20	10	10	0.4	0.4	0.4
Chinese languages	20	10	10	0.4	0.4	0.4
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	20	10	10	0.4	0.4	0.4
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	30	15	15	0.6	0.6	0.6
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	30	15	10	0.6	0.6	0.4
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	4,950	2,460	2,485	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	4,700	2,350	2,350	94.9	95.5	94.6
English	45	20	20	0.9	0.8	0.8
French	55	25	25	1.1	1.0	1.0
Non-official language	135	60	75	2.7	2.4	3.0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	135	60	75	2.7	2.4	3.0
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.2
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	15	5	5	0.3	0.2	0.2
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	4,865	2,475	2,390	100.0	100.0	100.0
Official languages	4,865	2,475	2,390	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	4,865	2,475	2,390	100.0	100.0	100.0
French	420	215	205	8.6	8.7	8.6
Non-official languages	480	220	260	9.9	8.9	10.9
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	480	220	260	9.9	8.9	10.9
Afro-Asiatic languages	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	20	0	15	0.4	0.0	0.6
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	15	0	15	0.3	0.0	0.6
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	20	0	20	0.4	0.0	0.8
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	20	0	20	0.4	0.0	0.8
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	385	190	195	7.9	7.7	8.2
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	50	15	30	1.0	0.6	1.3
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	50	15	30	1.0	0.6	1.3
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	20	10	15	0.4	0.4	0.6
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	10	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.4
Russian	15	10	0	0.3	0.4	0.0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	15	0	10	0.3	0.0	0.4
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	150	70	85	3.1	2.8	3.6
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	105	60	45	2.2	2.4	1.9
German	105	60	45	2.2	2.4	1.9
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	55	20	35	1.1	0.8	1.5
Afrikaans	15	0	0	0.3	0.0	0.0
Dutch	40	15	25	0.8	0.6	1.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	40	20	15	0.8	0.8	0.6
Indo-Aryan languages	30	15	15	0.6	0.6	0.6
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	15	15	0	0.3	0.6	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	15	15	0	0.3	0.6	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	15	15	0	0.3	0.6	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	170	95	75	3.5	3.8	3.1
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	35	20	20	0.7	0.8	0.8
Portuguese	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	130	70	60	2.7	2.8	2.5
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	25	10	15	0.5	0.4	0.6
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	35	15	15	0.7	0.6	0.6
Chinese languages	35	15	15	0.7	0.6	0.6
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	25	15	15	0.5	0.6	0.6
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	4,865	2,475	2,390	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	270	175	95	5.5	7.1	4.0
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	260	160	95	5.3	6.5	4.0
First Nations (North American Indian)	190	105	75	3.9	4.2	3.1
Métis	70	55	20	1.4	2.2	0.8
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	10	10	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
Non-Indigenous identity	4,595	2,300	2,290	94.5	92.9	95.8
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	4,865	2,475	2,390	100.0	100.0	100.0
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	75	50	25	1.5	2.0	1.0
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	4,790	2,425	2,365	98.5	98.0	99.0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	2,035	...	...	100.0	...	...
Owner	1,790	...	...	88.0	...	...
Renter	245	...	...	12.0	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	2,035	...	...	100.0	...	...
Condominium	135	...	...	6.6	...	...
Not condominium	1,900	...	...	93.4	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	2,035	...	...	100.0	...	...
No bedrooms	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
1 bedroom	155	...	...	7.6	...	...
2 bedrooms	470	...	...	23.1	...	...
3 bedrooms	690	...	...	33.9	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	720	...	...	35.4	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	2,035	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	330	...	...	16.2	...	...
5 rooms	265	...	...	13.0	...	...
6 rooms	345	...	...	17.0	...	...
7 rooms	245	...	...	12.0	...	...
8 or more rooms	855	...	...	42.0	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	7.2	...	...	7.2	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	2,035	...	...	100.0	...	...
One person or fewer per room	2,030	...	...	99.8	...	...
More than one person per room	10	...	...	0.5	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	2,035	...	...	100.0	...	...
Suitable	2,000	...	...	98.3	...	...
Not suitable	35	...	...	1.7	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	2,035	...	...	100.0	...	...
1960 or before	160	...	...	7.9	...	...
1961 to 1980	545	...	...	26.8	...	...
1981 to 1990	260	...	...	12.8	...	...
1991 to 2000	345	...	...	17.0	...	...
2001 to 2005	180	...	...	8.8	...	...
2006 to 2010	230	...	...	11.3	...	...
2011 to 2015	165	...	...	8.1	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	150	...	...	7.4	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	2,035	...	...	100.0	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	1,935	...	...	95.1	...	...
Major repairs needed	100	...	...	4.9	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	2,035	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-maintainer household	860	...	...	42.3	...	...
Two-maintainer household	1,035	...	...	50.9	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	140	...	...	6.9	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	2,035	...	...	100.0	...	...
15 to 24 years	10	...	...	0.5	...	...
25 to 34 years	115	...	...	5.7	...	...
35 to 44 years	210	...	...	10.3	...	...
45 to 54 years	330	...	...	16.2	...	...
55 to 64 years	545	...	...	26.8	...	...
65 to 74 years	515	...	...	25.3	...	...
75 to 84 years	240	...	...	11.8	...	...
85 years and over	70	...	...	3.4	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	2,015	...	...	100.0	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	1,690	...	...	83.9	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	325	...	...	16.1	...	...
30% to less than 100%	285	...	...	14.1	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	2,035	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	425	...	...	20.9	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	305	...	...	15.0	...	...
Not suitable only	20	...	...	1.0	...	...
Major repairs needed only	70	...	...	3.4	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	20	...	...	1.0	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Acceptable housing	1,610	...	...	79.1	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	1,970	...	...	100.0	...	...
In core need	70	...	...	3.6	...	...
Not in core need	1,900	...	...	96.4	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	1,780	...	...	...	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	53.9	...	...	53.9	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	14.9	...	...	14.9	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	2.3	...	...	2.3	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,070	...	...	1,070	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,472	...	...	1,472	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	800,000	...	...	800,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	814,000	...	...	814,000	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	245	...	...	...	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	0.0	...	...	0.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	26.5	...	...	26.5	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	14.9	...	...	14.9	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,160	...	...	1,160	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,210	...	...	1,210	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	...	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	4,865	2,480	2,385	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	55	30	20	1.1	1.2	0.8
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	55	30	20	1.1	1.2	0.8
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	40	25	20	0.8	1.0	0.8
Métis single ancestry	10	10	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	270	165	100	5.5	6.7	4.2
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	255	165	90	5.2	6.7	3.8
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	180	105	75	3.7	4.2	3.1
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	75	55	20	1.5	2.2	0.8
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	4,545	2,285	2,265	93.4	92.1	95.0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	4,870	2,480	2,385	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	4,650	2,365	2,285	95.5	95.4	95.8
Canadian citizens aged under 18	670	405	265	13.8	16.3	11.1
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	3,980	1,965	2,020	81.7	79.2	84.7
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	215	115	110	4.4	4.6	4.6
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	4,870	2,480	2,385	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	4,010	2,070	1,940	82.3	83.5	81.3
Immigrants⁸¹	820	395	425	16.8	15.9	17.8
Before 1980	330	170	160	6.8	6.9	6.7
1980 to 1990	95	45	50	2.0	1.8	2.1
1991 to 2000	100	45	50	2.1	1.8	2.1
2001 to 2010	160	60	95	3.3	2.4	4.0
2011 to 2021⁸²	140	70	65	2.9	2.8	2.7
2011 to 2015	20	0	15	0.4	0.0	0.6
2016 to 2021	115	65	50	2.4	2.6	2.1
Non-permanent residents⁸³	30	10	25	0.6	0.4	1.0
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	820	395	425	100.0	100.0	100.0
Under 5 years	85	45	45	10.4	11.4	10.6
5 to 14 years	170	70	95	20.7	17.7	22.4
15 to 24 years	110	50	55	13.4	12.7	12.9
25 to 44 years	360	190	165	43.9	48.1	38.8
45 years and over	100	40	60	12.2	10.1	14.1
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	820	395	425	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	150	50	95	18.3	12.7	22.4
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
El Salvador	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyana	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peru	10	0	10	1.2	0.0	2.4
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	90	40	55	11.0	10.1	12.9
Other places of birth in Americas	35	15	25	4.3	3.8	5.9
Europe	495	260	235	60.4	65.8	55.3
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	20	10	10	2.4	2.5	2.4
Germany	30	15	15	3.7	3.8	3.5
Greece	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	15	0	15	1.8	0.0	3.5
Netherlands	30	20	15	3.7	5.1	3.5
Poland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portugal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	10	0	10	1.2	0.0	2.4
United Kingdom⁸⁷	340	200	140	41.5	50.6	32.9
Other places of birth in Europe	40	15	25	4.9	3.8	5.9
Africa	40	15	20	4.9	3.8	4.7
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	15	10	10	1.8	2.5	2.4
Other places of birth in Africa	15	10	10	1.8	2.5	2.4
Asia	125	55	70	15.2	13.9	16.5
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	10	10	0	1.2	2.5	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	10	0	10	1.2	0.0	2.4
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	10	0	10	1.2	0.0	2.4
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	25	10	15	3.0	2.5	3.5
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	20	10	0	2.4	2.5	0.0
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	20	10	10	2.4	2.5	2.4
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	115	60	50	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	35	15	20	30.4	25.0	40.0
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	35	15	20	30.4	25.0	40.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Europe	45	35	10	39.1	58.3	20.0
France	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	25	20	10	21.7	33.3	20.0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asia	30	15	15	26.1	25.0	30.0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	4,865	2,475	2,390	100.0	100.0	100.0
First generation¹⁰⁰	945	450	495	19.4	18.2	20.7
Second generation¹⁰¹	860	475	385	17.7	19.2	16.1
Third generation or more¹⁰²	3,060	1,550	1,505	62.9	62.6	63.0
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	495	220	265	100.0	100.0	100.0
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	305	135	170	61.6	61.4	64.2
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	105	65	40	21.2	29.5	15.1
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	195	65	130	39.4	29.5	49.1
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	155	75	85	31.3	34.1	32.1
Refugees¹⁰⁸	25	15	10	5.1	6.8	3.8
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	495	220	265	100.0	100.0	100.0
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	15	10	0	3.0	4.5	0.0
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	120	70	45	24.2	31.8	17.0
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	10	0	10	2.0	0.0	3.8
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	15	0	10	3.0	0.0	3.8
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	325	140	185	65.7	63.6	69.8
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	4,865	2,475	2,390	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	260	105	155	5.3	4.2	6.5
South Asian	30	10	25	0.6	0.4	1.0
Chinese	60	20	40	1.2	0.8	1.7
Black	10	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.4
Filipino	25	0	20	0.5	0.0	0.8
Arab	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latin American	40	15	25	0.8	0.6	1.0
Southeast Asian	40	20	20	0.8	0.8	0.8
West Asian	20	15	0	0.4	0.6	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	15	10	10	0.3	0.4	0.4
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple visible minorities	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	4,605	2,375	2,230	94.7	96.0	93.3
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	4,865	2,480	2,385	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian	465	245	220	9.6	9.9	9.2
English	1,845	910	935	37.9	36.7	39.2
Irish	960	460	500	19.7	18.5	21.0
Scottish	1,290	680	610	26.5	27.4	25.6
French, n.o.s.¹²²	370	205	165	7.6	8.3	6.9
German	605	320	290	12.4	12.9	12.2
Chinese	75	30	45	1.5	1.2	1.9
Italian	160	80	80	3.3	3.2	3.4
Indian (India)	35	15	20	0.7	0.6	0.8
Ukrainian	280	105	170	5.8	4.2	7.1
Dutch	245	115	125	5.0	4.6	5.2
Polish	170	90	80	3.5	3.6	3.4
Québécois	10	15	0	0.2	0.6	0.0
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	440	235	210	9.0	9.5	8.8
Filipino	20	0	20	0.4	0.0	0.8
French Canadian	25	20	0	0.5	0.8	0.0
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	165	90	75	3.4	3.6	3.1
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	115	70	35	2.4	2.8	1.5
Métis	95	65	30	2.0	2.6	1.3
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	115	60	55	2.4	2.4	2.3
Russian	60	50	10	1.2	2.0	0.4
Norwegian	195	115	85	4.0	4.6	3.6
Welsh	225	85	145	4.6	3.4	6.1
Portuguese	20	10	10	0.4	0.4	0.4
American	140	95	40	2.9	3.8	1.7
Spanish	80	50	30	1.6	2.0	1.3
Swedish	160	70	90	3.3	2.8	3.8
Hungarian	30	20	15	0.6	0.8	0.6
Acadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jewish	40	20	20	0.8	0.8	0.8
Punjabi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	30	15	20	0.6	0.6	0.8
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	25	25	0	0.5	1.0	0.0
Jamaican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	15	10	0	0.3	0.4	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	20	15	0	0.4	0.6	0.0
Lebanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian	35	25	10	0.7	1.0	0.4
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	50	15	35	1.0	0.6	1.5
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	40	20	20	0.8	0.8	0.8
Sikh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austrian	35	25	15	0.7	1.0	0.6
Belgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mennonite	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss	40	15	30	0.8	0.6	1.3
Finnish	30	10	20	0.6	0.4	0.8
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	25	15	10	0.5	0.6	0.4
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	55	30	25	1.1	1.2	1.0
Muslim	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egyptian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	30	15	10	0.6	0.6	0.4
Colombian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moroccan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	35	10	25	0.7	0.4	1.0
Syrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afghan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Konger	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian	10	10	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South African	20	0	20	0.4	0.0	0.8
Australian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Palestinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chilean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congolese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peruvian	10	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.4
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cambodian (Khmer)	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
Berber	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Canadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israeli	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albertan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African American	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	20	15	0	0.4	0.6	0.0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Laotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
British Columbian	15	10	10	0.3	0.4	0.4
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jatt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dominican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Abenaki	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Zealander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Breton	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gaspesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norman	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Manitoban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Honduran	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cherokee	25	15	10	0.5	0.6	0.4
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Flemish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Goan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamileke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Libyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Basque	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igorot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guinean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maliseet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Beninese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Roma	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tajik	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amhara	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	4,865	2,475	2,390	100.0	100.0	100.0
Buddhist	50	15	30	1.0	0.6	1.3
Christian	1,830	845	985	37.6	34.1	41.2
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	310	130	175	6.4	5.3	7.3
Anabaptist	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
Anglican	375	190	195	7.7	7.7	8.2
Baptist	65	40	25	1.3	1.6	1.0
Catholic	515	225	285	10.6	9.1	11.9
Christian Orthodox	10	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.4
Jehovah's Witness	25	10	10	0.5	0.4	0.4
Latter Day Saints	20	0	15	0.4	0.0	0.6
Lutheran	50	20	30	1.0	0.8	1.3
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	35	20	15	0.7	0.8	0.6
Presbyterian	30	10	20	0.6	0.4	0.8
Reformed	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Church	265	115	145	5.4	4.6	6.1
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	110	65	40	2.3	2.6	1.7
Hindu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jewish	10	10	10	0.2	0.4	0.4
Muslim	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sikh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	85	40	50	1.7	1.6	2.1
No religion and secular perspectives	2,885	1,570	1,315	59.3	63.4	55.0
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	4,850	2,465	2,380	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	4,265	2,185	2,085	87.9	88.6	87.6
Movers	580	285	290	12.0	11.6	12.2
Non-migrants	95	45	50	2.0	1.8	2.1
Migrants	490	240	245	10.1	9.7	10.3
Internal migrants	470	240	230	9.7	9.7	9.7
Intraprovincial migrants	340	170	170	7.0	6.9	7.1
Interprovincial migrants	135	65	65	2.8	2.6	2.7
External migrants	20	0	10	0.4	0.0	0.4
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	4,730	2,405	2,325	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	2,715	1,360	1,360	57.4	56.5	58.5
Movers	2,010	1,050	965	42.5	43.7	41.5
Non-migrants	150	70	80	3.2	2.9	3.4
Migrants	1,860	975	885	39.3	40.5	38.1
Internal migrants	1,670	875	790	35.3	36.4	34.0
Intraprovincial migrants	1,325	705	615	28.0	29.3	26.5
Interprovincial migrants	345	170	180	7.3	7.1	7.7
External migrants	190	100	90	4.0	4.2	3.9
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	4,270	2,130	2,140	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	580	385	190	13.6	18.1	8.9
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	3,690	1,745	1,950	86.4	81.9	91.1
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	2,480	1,205	1,280	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	235	175	60	9.5	14.5	4.7
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	2,245	1,025	1,220	90.5	85.1	95.3
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	4,270	2,125	2,145	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	465	315	150	10.9	14.8	7.0
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	1,335	660	680	31.3	31.1	31.7
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,465	1,155	1,315	57.7	54.4	61.3
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,380	675	710	32.3	31.8	33.1
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	405	290	120	9.5	13.6	5.6
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	150	65	90	3.5	3.1	4.2
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	260	230	30	6.1	10.8	1.4
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	795	285	510	18.6	13.4	23.8
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	180	100	80	4.2	4.7	3.7
Bachelor's degree or higher	1,085	480	610	25.4	22.6	28.4
Bachelor's degree	625	255	370	14.6	12.0	17.2
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	90	45	50	2.1	2.1	2.3
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	70	45	25	1.6	2.1	1.2
Master's degree	245	110	135	5.7	5.2	6.3
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	55	25	30	1.3	1.2	1.4
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	2,485	1,200	1,280	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	175	135	40	7.0	11.3	3.1
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	720	365	350	29.0	30.4	27.3
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,590	700	885	64.0	58.3	69.1
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	845	435	415	34.0	36.3	32.4
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	285	205	80	11.5	17.1	6.3
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	105	40	65	4.2	3.3	5.1
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	185	165	15	7.4	13.8	1.2
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	490	170	315	19.7	14.2	24.6
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	70	55	20	2.8	4.6	1.6
Bachelor's degree or higher	740	265	470	29.8	22.1	36.7
Bachelor's degree	455	170	285	18.3	14.2	22.3
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	65	25	35	2.6	2.1	2.7
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	35	15	25	1.4	1.3	2.0
Master's degree	160	50	110	6.4	4.2	8.6
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	25	10	20	1.0	0.8	1.6
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	4,270	2,125	2,145	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	1,800	970	825	42.2	45.6	38.5
Education	225	50	180	5.3	2.4	8.4
13. Education	225	50	180	5.3	2.4	8.4
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	105	45	70	2.5	2.1	3.3
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	10	10	0	0.2	0.5	0.0
50. Visual and performing arts	95	30	70	2.2	1.4	3.3
Humanities	85	45	40	2.0	2.1	1.9
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	15	0	10	0.4	0.0	0.5
23. English language and literature/letters	15	0	10	0.4	0.0	0.5
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	15	10	10	0.4	0.5	0.5
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
39. Theology and religious vocations	15	15	0	0.4	0.7	0.0
54. History	15	15	0	0.4	0.7	0.0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	285	95	190	6.7	4.5	8.9
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	25	10	15	0.6	0.5	0.7
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	45	10	35	1.1	0.5	1.6
22. Legal professions and studies	35	15	25	0.8	0.7	1.2
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
42. Psychology	50	0	45	1.2	0.0	2.1
45. Social sciences	110	55	60	2.6	2.6	2.8
Business, management and public administration	450	195	250	10.5	9.2	11.7
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	30	0	30	0.7	0.0	1.4
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	420	195	225	9.8	9.2	10.5
Physical and life sciences and technologies	85	35	45	2.0	1.6	2.1
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	45	15	30	1.1	0.7	1.4
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	15	0	15	0.4	0.0	0.7
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
40. Physical sciences	15	15	0	0.4	0.7	0.0
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	60	40	25	1.4	1.9	1.2
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	45	40	10	1.1	1.9	0.5
25. Library science	15	0	15	0.4	0.0	0.7
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	485	455	30	11.4	21.4	1.4
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
14. Engineering	105	100	0	2.5	4.7	0.0
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	100	85	15	2.3	4.0	0.7
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	145	140	0	3.4	6.6	0.0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	80	80	0	1.9	3.8	0.0
48. Precision production	55	50	0	1.3	2.4	0.0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	90	45	45	2.1	2.1	2.1
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	55	35	30	1.3	1.6	1.4
03. Natural resources and conservation	35	20	15	0.8	0.9	0.7
Health and related fields	430	90	340	10.1	4.2	15.9
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	25	20	0	0.6	0.9	0.0
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	390	55	330	9.1	2.6	15.4
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	20	15	0	0.5	0.7	0.0
Personal, protective and transportation services	160	60	105	3.7	2.8	4.9
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	110	30	80	2.6	1.4	3.7
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	35	20	20	0.8	0.9	0.9
49. Transportation and materials moving	10	10	0	0.2	0.5	0.0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	2,480	1,200	1,280	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	895	500	390	36.1	41.7	30.5
Education	110	25	90	4.4	2.1	7.0
13. Education	110	25	90	4.4	2.1	7.0
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	70	35	35	2.8	2.9	2.7
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	10	10	0	0.4	0.8	0.0
50. Visual and performing arts	55	20	35	2.2	1.7	2.7
Humanities	45	10	30	1.8	0.8	2.3
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
23. English language and literature/letters	10	0	10	0.4	0.0	0.8
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	10	10	0	0.4	0.8	0.0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
54. History	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	210	55	150	8.5	4.6	11.7
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	35	0	30	1.4	0.0	2.3
22. Legal professions and studies	35	10	30	1.4	0.8	2.3
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
42. Psychology	35	0	35	1.4	0.0	2.7
45. Social sciences	90	35	55	3.6	2.9	4.3
Business, management and public administration	280	110	170	11.3	9.2	13.3
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	20	0	15	0.8	0.0	1.2
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	260	105	155	10.5	8.8	12.1
Physical and life sciences and technologies	60	20	40	2.4	1.7	3.1
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	35	15	25	1.4	1.3	2.0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	15	0	10	0.6	0.0	0.8
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	35	25	10	1.4	2.1	0.8
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	35	25	10	1.4	2.1	0.8
25. Library science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	310	285	25	12.5	23.8	2.0
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
14. Engineering	50	45	0	2.0	3.8	0.0
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	85	70	15	3.4	5.8	1.2
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	115	115	0	4.6	9.6	0.0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	45	45	0	1.8	3.8	0.0
48. Precision production	15	10	0	0.6	0.8	0.0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	80	45	40	3.2	3.8	3.1
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	50	25	20	2.0	2.1	1.6
03. Natural resources and conservation	30	15	15	1.2	1.3	1.2
Health and related fields	270	50	215	10.9	4.2	16.8
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	25	20	0	1.0	1.7	0.0
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	230	25	210	9.3	2.1	16.4
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	10	0	0	0.4	0.0	0.0
Personal, protective and transportation services	120	45	75	4.8	3.8	5.9
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	85	30	60	3.4	2.5	4.7
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	25	10	10	1.0	0.8	0.8
49. Transportation and materials moving	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	2,480	1,200	1,280	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	895	500	390	36.1	41.7	30.5
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	1,585	700	885	63.9	58.3	69.1
Location of study inside Canada	1,305	580	725	52.6	48.3	56.6
Same as province or territory of residence	925	420	505	37.3	35.0	39.5
Different than province or territory of residence	380	155	220	15.3	12.9	17.2
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	285	120	160	11.5	10.0	12.5
Americas	100	30	70	4.0	2.5	5.5
United States of America	90	30	60	3.6	2.5	4.7
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Europe	130	70	60	5.2	5.8	4.7
Belgium	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germany	15	10	0	0.6	0.8	0.0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Switzerland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	10	10	0	0.4	0.8	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	105	50	55	4.2	4.2	4.3
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Europe	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Africa	15	10	10	0.6	0.8	0.8
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	15	10	10	0.6	0.8	0.8
Other locations of study in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asia	35	10	25	1.4	0.8	2.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	10	0	0	0.4	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	15	0	15	0.6	0.0	1.2
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Zealand	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	4,270	2,125	2,145	...	...	...
In the labour force	2,355	1,265	1,090	...	...	...
Employed	2,195	1,175	1,015	...	...	...
Unemployed	165	90	70	...	...	...
Not in the labour force	1,915	865	1,050	...	...	...
Participation rate	55.2	59.5	50.8	55.2	59.5	50.8
Employment rate	51.4	55.3	47.3	51.4	55.3	47.3
Unemployment rate	7.0	7.1	6.4	7.0	7.1	6.4
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	4,270	2,125	2,145	100.0	100.0	100.0
Did not work¹⁸⁶	1,815	835	980	42.5	39.3	45.7
Worked	2,455	1,290	1,165	57.5	60.7	54.3
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	1,210	690	520	28.3	32.5	24.2
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	1,245	605	635	29.2	28.5	29.6
Average weeks worked in reference year	40.8	41.0	40.6	40.8	41.0	40.6
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	2,355	1,265	1,095	100.0	100.0	100.0
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	40	15	25	1.7	1.2	2.3
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	2,320	1,250	1,070	98.5	98.8	97.7
Employee	1,785	950	830	75.8	75.1	75.8
Permanent position	1,510	805	700	64.1	63.6	63.9
Temporary position	275	145	130	11.7	11.5	11.9
Fixed term (1 year or more)	85	45	45	3.6	3.6	4.1
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	185	105	85	7.9	8.3	7.8
Self-employed¹⁹²	535	300	235	22.7	23.7	21.5
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	2,355	1,265	1,095	100.0	100.0	100.0
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	40	15	25	1.7	1.2	2.3
All occupations¹⁹¹	2,320	1,250	1,070	98.5	98.8	97.7
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	30	15	15	1.3	1.2	1.4
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	365	105	260	15.5	8.3	23.7
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	155	115	45	6.6	9.1	4.1
3 Health occupations	195	30	165	8.3	2.4	15.1
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	300	110	195	12.7	8.7	17.8
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	80	50	25	3.4	4.0	2.3
6 Sales and service occupations	510	240	270	21.7	19.0	24.7
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	490	450	40	20.8	35.6	3.7
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	130	80	50	5.5	6.3	4.6
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	60	55	10	2.5	4.3	0.9
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	2,355	1,265	1,095	100.0	100.0	100.0
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	40	15	25	1.7	1.2	2.3
All industries¹⁹¹	2,320	1,250	1,070	98.5	98.8	97.7
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	80	50	30	3.4	4.0	2.7
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	10	10	0	0.4	0.8	0.0
22 Utilities	10	0	0	0.4	0.0	0.0
23 Construction	265	230	35	11.3	18.2	3.2
31-33 Manufacturing	140	130	15	5.9	10.3	1.4
41 Wholesale trade	50	35	15	2.1	2.8	1.4
44-45 Retail trade	230	125	105	9.8	9.9	9.6
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	60	50	10	2.5	4.0	0.9
51 Information and cultural industries	20	20	0	0.8	1.6	0.0
52 Finance and insurance	100	50	55	4.2	4.0	5.0
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	45	25	25	1.9	2.0	2.3
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	180	95	85	7.6	7.5	7.8
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	135	50	80	5.7	4.0	7.3
61 Educational services	200	85	120	8.5	6.7	11.0
62 Health care and social assistance	295	65	235	12.5	5.1	21.5
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	50	20	25	2.1	1.6	2.3
72 Accommodation and food services	115	55	65	4.9	4.3	5.9
81 Other services (except public administration)	95	25	70	4.0	2.0	6.4
91 Public administration	220	120	95	9.3	9.5	8.7
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	2,655	1,405	1,245	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	2,595	1,380	1,215	97.7	98.2	97.6
French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-official language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and French	30	15	10	1.1	1.1	0.8
English and non-official language(s)	30	10	15	1.1	0.7	1.2
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	2,655	1,405	1,245	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	2,640	1,400	1,240	99.4	99.6	99.6
Official languages	2,640	1,400	1,240	99.4	99.6	99.6
English	2,640	1,400	1,240	99.4	99.6	99.6
French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	10	0	0	0.4	0.0	0.0
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	2,655	1,405	1,245	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	2,610	1,390	1,220	98.3	98.9	98.0
English	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French	20	0	10	0.8	0.0	0.8
Non-official language	25	10	10	0.9	0.7	0.8
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	25	10	10	0.9	0.7	0.8
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	2,195	1,170	1,020	100.0	100.0	100.0
Worked at home	540	285	255	24.6	24.4	25.0
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
No fixed workplace address	355	260	95	16.2	22.2	9.3
Usual place of work	1,295	625	670	59.0	53.4	65.7
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	1,295	625	665	100.0	100.0	100.0
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	340	125	215	26.3	20.0	32.3
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	460	225	235	35.5	36.0	35.3
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	495	275	215	38.2	44.0	32.3
Commute to a different province or territory	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	1,645	885	760	100.0	100.0	100.0
Car, truck or van	1,525	845	685	92.7	95.5	90.1
Car, truck or van - as a driver	1,435	815	625	87.2	92.1	82.2
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	90	25	65	5.5	2.8	8.6
Public transit	25	0	25	1.5	0.0	3.3
Walked	55	25	30	3.3	2.8	3.9
Bicycle	15	10	0	0.9	1.1	0.0
Other method	25	10	20	1.5	1.1	2.6
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	1,645	885	760	100.0	100.0	100.0
Less than 15 minutes	440	185	250	26.7	20.9	32.9
15 to 29 minutes	540	275	265	32.8	31.1	34.9
30 to 44 minutes	415	250	160	25.2	28.2	21.1
45 to 59 minutes	170	100	70	10.3	11.3	9.2
60 minutes and over	85	65	15	5.2	7.3	2.0
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	1,645	885	760	100.0	100.0	100.0
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	140	110	35	8.5	12.4	4.6
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	360	215	150	21.9	24.3	19.7
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	350	210	145	21.3	23.7	19.1
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	445	190	255	27.1	21.5	33.6
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	195	70	125	11.9	7.9	16.4
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	155	105	55	9.4	11.9	7.2
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	755	400	355	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	85	55	30	11.3	13.8	8.5
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	670	345	325	88.7	86.3	91.5
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	585	320	260	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	70	50	25	12.0	15.6	9.6
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	40	30	15	6.8	9.4	5.8
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	25	20	5	4.3	6.3	1.9
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	515	275	240	88.0	85.9	92.3

Symbol legend

...
not applicable
x
suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 30, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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