Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	Ladysmith, Town (T)More information: British Columbia [Census subdivision]
	Counts			Rates
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	8,990	...	...	...	...	...
Population, 2016¹	8,537	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	5.3	...	...	5.3	...	...
Total private dwellings²	4,079	...	...	...	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	3,926	...	...	...	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	746.5	...	...	746.5	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	12.04	...	...	...	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	8,990	4,275	4,715	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	1,200	615	585	13.3	14.4	12.4
0 to 4 years	330	170	165	3.7	4.0	3.5
5 to 9 years	420	210	210	4.7	4.9	4.5
10 to 14 years	455	235	215	5.1	5.5	4.6
15 to 64 years	5,005	2,340	2,665	55.7	54.7	56.5
15 to 19 years	400	195	200	4.4	4.6	4.2
20 to 24 years	290	140	150	3.2	3.3	3.2
25 to 29 years	370	195	180	4.1	4.6	3.8
30 to 34 years	440	200	235	4.9	4.7	5.0
35 to 39 years	520	240	275	5.8	5.6	5.8
40 to 44 years	500	235	265	5.6	5.5	5.6
45 to 49 years	440	220	225	4.9	5.1	4.8
50 to 54 years	565	250	310	6.3	5.8	6.6
55 to 59 years	695	315	380	7.7	7.4	8.1
60 to 64 years	790	350	440	8.8	8.2	9.3
65 years and over	2,780	1,315	1,465	30.9	30.8	31.1
65 to 69 years	850	385	465	9.5	9.0	9.9
70 to 74 years	760	390	365	8.5	9.1	7.7
75 to 79 years	520	235	280	5.8	5.5	5.9
80 to 84 years	340	170	170	3.8	4.0	3.6
85 years and over	320	135	185	3.6	3.2	3.9
85 to 89 years	185	90	100	2.1	2.1	2.1
90 to 94 years	105	40	65	1.2	0.9	1.4
95 to 99 years	30	10	15	0.3	0.2	0.3
100 years and over	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	13.3	14.4	12.4	13.3	14.4	12.4
15 to 64 years	55.7	54.7	56.5	55.7	54.7	56.5
65 years and over	30.9	30.8	31.1	30.9	30.8	31.1
85 years and over	3.6	3.2	3.9	3.6	3.2	3.9
Average age of the population	48.6	47.9	49.3	48.6	47.9	49.3
Median age of the population	52.8	51.6	54.0	52.8	51.6	54.0
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	3,925	...	...	100.0	...	...
Single-detached house	2,650	...	...	67.5	...	...
Semi-detached house	245	...	...	6.2	...	...
Row house	230	...	...	5.9	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	175	...	...	4.5	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	375	...	...	9.6	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Other single-attached house	40	...	...	1.0	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	215	...	...	5.5	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	3,925	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 person	1,110	...	...	28.3	...	...
2 persons	1,690	...	...	43.1	...	...
3 persons	500	...	...	12.7	...	...
4 persons	415	...	...	10.6	...	...
5 or more persons	210	...	...	5.4	...	...
Number of persons in private households	8,800	4,195	4,605	100.0	100.0	100.0
Average household size	2.2	...	...	2.2	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	7,790	3,655	4,130	100.0	100.0	100.0
Married or living common-law	4,875	2,440	2,440	62.6	66.8	59.1
Married	3,985	1,990	1,990	51.2	54.4	48.2
Living common-law	895	445	450	11.5	12.2	10.9
Living common law - Never married	530	265	265	6.8	7.3	6.4
Living common law - Separated	45	25	20	0.6	0.7	0.5
Living common law - Divorced	290	150	140	3.7	4.1	3.4
Living common law - Widowed	30	10	20	0.4	0.3	0.5
Not married and not living common-law	2,910	1,220	1,690	37.4	33.4	40.9
Not married and not living common law - Never married	1,455	750	710	18.7	20.5	17.2
Not married and not living common law - Separated	215	95	120	2.8	2.6	2.9
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	660	250	405	8.5	6.8	9.8
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	585	130	455	7.5	3.6	11.0
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	2,760	...	...	100.0	...	...
2 persons	1,755	...	...	63.6	...	...
3 persons	495	...	...	17.9	...	...
4 persons	380	...	...	13.8	...	...
5 or more persons	135	...	...	4.9	...	...
Average size of census families	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.7	...	...	1.7	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	2,765	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total couple families	2,395	...	...	86.6	...	...
Married couples	1,950	...	...	70.5	...	...
With children⁶	725	...	...	26.2	...	...
Without children	1,225	...	...	44.3	...	...
Common-law couples	450	...	...	16.3	...	...
With children⁶	145	...	...	5.2	...	...
Without children	305	...	...	11.0	...	...
Total one-parent families	365	...	...	13.2	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	275	...	...	9.9	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	90	...	...	3.3	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	8,800	4,195	4,605	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total - Persons in census families	7,195	3,545	3,650	81.8	84.5	79.3
Married spouses or common-law partners	4,795	2,385	2,405	54.5	56.9	52.2
Parents in one-parent families	365	90	275	4.1	2.1	6.0
Children⁶	2,040	1,065	970	23.2	25.4	21.1
In a two-parent family	1,505	770	735	17.1	18.4	16.0
In a one-parent family	535	295	240	6.1	7.0	5.2
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	1,605	650	950	18.2	15.5	20.6
Living alone	1,115	430	680	12.7	10.3	14.8
Living with other relatives⁷	170	60	100	1.9	1.4	2.2
Living with non-relatives only	325	155	170	3.7	3.7	3.7
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	3,930	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	2,450	...	...	62.3	...	...
Couple-family households	2,165	...	...	55.1	...	...
With children⁶	765	...	...	19.5	...	...
Without children	1,395	...	...	35.5	...	...
One-parent-family households	285	...	...	7.3	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	80	...	...	2.0	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	35	...	...	0.9	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	125	...	...	3.2	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	130	...	...	3.3	...	...
One-person households	1,110	...	...	28.2	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	7,600	3,580	4,020	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	7,425	3,505	3,920	97.7	97.9	97.5
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	40,800	50,000	34,400	40,800	50,000	34,400
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	7,430	3,510	3,925	97.8	98.0	97.6
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	37,200	44,800	32,000	37,200	44,800	32,000
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	6,780	3,240	3,540	89.2	90.5	88.1
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	31,600	42,400	24,400	31,600	42,400	24,400
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	4,645	2,285	2,355	61.1	63.8	58.6
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	37,600	50,400	28,800	37,600	50,400	28,800
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	6,320	2,825	3,495	83.2	78.9	86.9
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	13,000	13,700	12,500	13,000	13,700	12,500
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	605	290	315	8.0	8.1	7.8
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,520	5,480	5,640	5,520	5,480	5,640
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	1,500	660	840	19.7	18.4	20.9
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,000	6,550	8,000	8,000	6,550	8,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	7,600	3,585	4,020	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	7,410	3,490	3,915	97.5	97.4	97.4
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	49,000	58,850	40,200	49,000	58,850	40,200
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	7,425	3,500	3,925	97.7	97.6	97.6
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	42,720	50,400	35,840	42,720	50,400	35,840
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	6,825	3,235	3,590	89.8	90.2	89.3
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	41,680	52,700	31,800	41,680	52,700	31,800
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	4,640	2,300	2,345	61.1	64.2	58.3
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	46,200	58,100	34,520	46,200	58,100	34,520
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	6,395	2,880	3,525	84.1	80.3	87.7
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	12,280	12,210	12,330	12,280	12,210	12,330
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	615	325	290	8.1	9.1	7.2
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,600	6,160	7,100	6,600	6,160	7,100
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	1,530	695	835	20.1	19.4	20.8
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,960	7,860	8,020	7,960	7,860	8,020
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	7,600	3,580	4,020	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	2,075	1,130	945	27.3	31.6	23.5
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	62,000	73,000	53,600	62,000	73,000	53,600
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	70,000	81,200	56,600	70,000	81,200	56,600
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	1,955	895	1,055	25.7	25.0	26.2
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	20,400	30,600	14,700	20,400	30,600	14,700
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	30,600	40,800	21,920	30,600	40,800	21,920
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	78.4	83.0	72.4	78.4	83.0	72.4
Employment income (%)¹⁹	59.1	65.0	51.3	59.1	65.0	51.3
Government transfers (%)²⁰	21.6	17.1	27.6	21.6	17.1	27.6
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.1	1.0	1.3	1.1	1.0	1.3
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	4.6	3.5	5.9	4.6	3.5	5.9
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	3.4	2.7	4.2	3.4	2.7	4.2
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	7,600	3,580	4,015	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without total income	170	75	95	2.2	2.1	2.4
With total income	7,425	3,505	3,920	97.7	97.9	97.6
Under $10,000 (including loss)	555	200	355	7.5	5.7	9.1
$10,000 to $19,999	880	310	570	11.9	8.8	14.5
$20,000 to $29,999	1,180	445	740	15.9	12.7	18.9
$30,000 to $39,999	1,025	415	605	13.8	11.8	15.4
$40,000 to $49,999	905	390	520	12.2	11.1	13.3
$50,000 to $59,999	715	355	355	9.6	10.1	9.1
$60,000 to $69,999	545	300	245	7.3	8.6	6.3
$70,000 to $79,999	390	230	155	5.3	6.6	4.0
$80,000 to $89,999	340	205	130	4.6	5.8	3.3
$90,000 to $99,999	245	160	85	3.3	4.6	2.2
$100,000 and over	640	490	145	8.6	14.0	3.7
$100,000 to $149,999	500	380	115	6.7	10.8	2.9
$150,000 and over	145	115	30	2.0	3.3	0.8
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	7,600	3,580	4,015	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without after-tax income	170	75	100	2.2	2.1	2.5
With after-tax income	7,430	3,505	3,920	97.8	97.9	97.6
Under $10,000 (including loss)	595	205	385	8.0	5.8	9.8
$10,000 to $19,999	925	330	595	12.4	9.4	15.2
$20,000 to $29,999	1,320	495	825	17.8	14.1	21.0
$30,000 to $39,999	1,205	490	710	16.2	14.0	18.1
$40,000 to $49,999	980	455	520	13.2	13.0	13.3
$50,000 to $59,999	770	425	345	10.4	12.1	8.8
$60,000 to $69,999	500	290	210	6.7	8.3	5.4
$70,000 to $79,999	390	255	140	5.2	7.3	3.6
$80,000 to $89,999	280	180	95	3.8	5.1	2.4
$90,000 to $99,999	185	150	40	2.5	4.3	1.0
$100,000 and over	290	235	55	3.9	6.7	1.4
$100,000 to $124,999	180	145	30	2.4	4.1	0.8
$125,000 and over	105	85	25	1.4	2.4	0.6
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	7,600	3,580	4,015	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without employment income	2,960	1,290	1,665	38.9	36.0	41.5
With employment income	4,645	2,290	2,355	61.1	64.0	58.7
Under $5,000 (including loss)	725	315	410	15.6	13.8	17.4
$5,000 to $9,999	335	125	205	7.2	5.5	8.7
$10,000 to $19,999	485	175	310	10.4	7.6	13.2
$20,000 to $29,999	480	190	290	10.3	8.3	12.3
$30,000 to $39,999	400	160	235	8.6	7.0	10.0
$40,000 to $49,999	420	165	255	9.0	7.2	10.8
$50,000 to $59,999	375	195	185	8.1	8.5	7.9
$60,000 to $69,999	310	175	135	6.7	7.6	5.7
$70,000 to $79,999	230	150	80	5.0	6.6	3.4
$80,000 to $89,999	220	130	95	4.7	5.7	4.0
$90,000 to $99,999	180	120	60	3.9	5.2	2.5
$100,000 and over	480	380	100	10.3	16.6	4.2
$100,000 to $124,999	275	200	70	5.9	8.7	3.0
$125,000 and over	210	175	30	4.5	7.6	1.3
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	7,600	3,580	4,020	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	7,290	3,440	3,850	95.9	96.1	95.8
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	39,200	48,800	32,400	39,200	48,800	32,400
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	7,310	3,440	3,875	96.2	96.1	96.4
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	35,600	43,200	29,400	35,600	43,200	29,400
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	6,745	3,230	3,515	88.8	90.2	87.4
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	33,600	43,600	26,600	33,600	43,600	26,600
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	5,055	2,520	2,535	66.5	70.4	63.1
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	35,600	45,600	28,200	35,600	45,600	28,200
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	5,305	2,240	3,070	69.8	62.6	76.4
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	11,200	13,600	9,700	11,200	13,600	9,700
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	495	240	260	6.5	6.7	6.5
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	5,000	5,040	5,000	5,000	5,040	5,000
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	7,600	3,585	4,020	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	7,250	3,445	3,810	95.4	96.1	94.8
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	48,360	58,550	39,200	48,360	58,550	39,200
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	7,280	3,445	3,835	95.8	96.1	95.4
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	41,040	49,040	33,840	41,040	49,040	33,840
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	6,720	3,255	3,475	88.4	90.8	86.4
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	43,720	54,150	33,960	43,720	54,150	33,960
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	5,010	2,525	2,485	65.9	70.4	61.8
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	44,520	55,400	33,520	44,520	55,400	33,520
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	5,265	2,265	3,000	69.3	63.2	74.6
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	10,790	11,180	10,490	10,790	11,180	10,490
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	410	240	165	5.4	6.7	4.1
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,560	5,000	8,900	6,560	5,000	8,900
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	7,600	3,580	4,020	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	2,055	1,120	935	27.0	31.3	23.3
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	59,200	73,500	50,400	59,200	73,500	50,400
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	67,700	79,600	53,600	67,700	79,600	53,600
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	1,845	875	970	24.3	24.4	24.1
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	28,600	37,200	22,000	28,600	37,200	22,000
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	37,320	48,100	27,600	37,320	48,100	27,600
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	83.8	87.4	79.0	83.8	87.4	79.0
Employment income (%)	63.6	69.4	55.7	63.6	69.4	55.7
Government transfers (%)	16.2	12.6	21.1	16.2	12.6	21.1
Employment insurance benefits (%)	0.8	0.6	1.0	0.8	0.6	1.0
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	3,925	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	81,000	...	...	81,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	72,500	...	...	72,500	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	1,110	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	41,200	...	...	41,200	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	37,600	...	...	37,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	2,810	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	100,000	...	...	100,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	88,000	...	...	88,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	3,925	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	92,500	...	...	92,500	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	80,800	...	...	80,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	1,110	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	50,400	...	...	50,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	43,900	...	...	43,900	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	2,820	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	109,100	...	...	109,100	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	95,300	...	...	95,300	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	3,925	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	25	...	...	0.6	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	15	...	...	0.4	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	20	...	...	0.5	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	65	...	...	1.7	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	165	...	...	4.2	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	125	...	...	3.2	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	130	...	...	3.3	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	135	...	...	3.4	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	165	...	...	4.2	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	175	...	...	4.5	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	325	...	...	8.3	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	320	...	...	8.2	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	270	...	...	6.9	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	275	...	...	7.0	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	215	...	...	5.5	...	...
$100,000 and over	1,490	...	...	38.0	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	505	...	...	12.9	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	385	...	...	9.8	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	380	...	...	9.7	...	...
$200,000 and over	220	...	...	5.6	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	3,925	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	30	...	...	0.8	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	15	...	...	0.4	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	20	...	...	0.5	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	65	...	...	1.7	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	175	...	...	4.5	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	145	...	...	3.7	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	145	...	...	3.7	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	180	...	...	4.6	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	175	...	...	4.5	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	205	...	...	5.2	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	380	...	...	9.7	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	330	...	...	8.4	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	335	...	...	8.5	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	290	...	...	7.4	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	280	...	...	7.1	...	...
$100,000 and over	1,150	...	...	29.3	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	525	...	...	13.4	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	280	...	...	7.1	...	...
$150,000 and over	345	...	...	8.8	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	2,720	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	99,000	...	...	99,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	88,000	...	...	88,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	1,425	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	87,000	...	...	87,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	78,000	...	...	78,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	875	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	131,000	...	...	131,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	113,000	...	...	113,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	3.9	...	...	3.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	340	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	72,500	...	...	72,500	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	65,500	...	...	65,500	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	1,435	585	850	...	...	...
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	39,200	44,400	36,400	39,200	44,400	36,400
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	36,800	40,000	34,000	36,800	40,000	34,000
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	2,710	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	107,500	...	...	107,500	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	94,000	...	...	94,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,425	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	93,900	...	...	93,900	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	82,300	...	...	82,300	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	880	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	138,000	...	...	138,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	119,000	...	...	119,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	335	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	80,400	...	...	80,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	72,400	...	...	72,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	1,470	600	870	...	...	...
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	48,960	57,200	43,300	48,960	57,200	43,300
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	42,520	48,200	38,600	42,520	48,200	38,600
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	8,800	4,195	4,600	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	1,450	730	720	16.5	17.4	15.7
0 to 5 years	400	195	205	4.5	4.6	4.5
18 to 64 years	4,720	2,210	2,515	53.6	52.7	54.7
65 years and over	2,625	1,255	1,365	29.8	29.9	29.7
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	730	315	415	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	115	60	50	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	35	20	20	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	315	140	175	...	...	...
65 years and over	305	115	190	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	8.3	7.5	9.0	8.3	7.5	9.0
0 to 17 years (%)	7.7	8.4	7.2	7.7	8.4	7.2
0 to 5 years (%)	8.5	10.0	8.0	8.5	10.0	8.0
18 to 64 years (%)	6.7	6.3	7.0	6.7	6.3	7.0
65 years and over (%)	11.6	9.2	13.7	11.6	9.2	13.7
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	8,800	4,195	4,605	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	1,455	730	725	16.5	17.4	15.7
0 to 5 years	400	200	205	4.5	4.8	4.5
18 to 64 years	4,725	2,210	2,515	53.7	52.7	54.6
65 years and over	2,620	1,255	1,370	29.8	29.9	29.8
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	210	105	105	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	40	25	15	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	10	5	5	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	130	65	60	...	...	...
65 years and over	40	15	25	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	2.4	2.6	2.2	2.4	2.6	2.2
0 to 17 years (%)	2.6	3.2	2.4	2.6	3.2	2.4
0 to 5 years (%)	2.0	x	2.5	2.0	x	2.5
18 to 64 years (%)	2.7	3.1	2.4	2.7	3.1	2.4
65 years and over (%)	1.6	1.2	1.8	1.6	1.2	1.8
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	8,800	4,195	4,605	100.0	100.0	100.0
In bottom half of the distribution	4,300	1,955	2,345	48.9	46.6	50.9
In bottom decile	660	290	370	7.5	6.9	8.0
In second decile	830	370	460	9.4	8.8	10.0
In third decile	845	375	470	9.6	8.9	10.2
In fourth decile	950	440	510	10.8	10.5	11.1
In fifth decile	1,010	480	530	11.5	11.4	11.5
In top half of the distribution	4,500	2,240	2,260	51.1	53.4	49.1
In sixth decile	1,080	530	550	12.3	12.6	11.9
In seventh decile	1,020	490	525	11.6	11.7	11.4
In eighth decile	900	435	455	10.2	10.4	9.9
In ninth decile	950	490	455	10.8	11.7	9.9
In top decile	560	290	270	6.4	6.9	5.9
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	8,800	...	...	8,800	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.277	...	...	0.277	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.395	...	...	0.395	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.248	...	...	0.248	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.2	...	...	3.2	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	8,890	4,235	4,660	100.0	100.0	100.0
English only	8,315	3,995	4,320	93.5	94.3	92.7
French only	5	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
English and French	550	230	320	6.2	5.4	6.9
Neither English nor French	20	10	15	0.2	0.2	0.3
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	8,890	4,235	4,660	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	8,775	4,175	4,600	98.7	98.6	98.7
French	90	50	45	1.0	1.2	1.0
English and French	5	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Neither English nor French	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	8,890	4,235	4,660	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	8,775	4,190	4,580	98.7	98.9	98.3
Official languages	8,265	3,955	4,310	93.0	93.4	92.5
English	8,165	3,905	4,260	91.8	92.2	91.4
French	95	50	45	1.1	1.2	1.0
Non-official languages	510	240	275	5.7	5.7	5.9
Indigenous languages³⁹	5	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	505	235	270	5.7	5.5	5.8
Afro-Asiatic languages	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	15	5	10	0.2	0.1	0.2
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	15	5	10	0.2	0.1	0.2
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	35	10	25	0.4	0.2	0.5
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	30	15	20	0.3	0.4	0.4
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	15	10	5	0.2	0.2	0.1
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	15	10	5	0.2	0.2	0.1
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	320	155	165	3.6	3.7	3.5
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	60	25	35	0.7	0.6	0.8
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	60	25	35	0.7	0.6	0.8
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	25	5	15	0.3	0.1	0.3
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	5	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	15	10	5	0.2	0.2	0.1
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	5	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	140	65	75	1.6	1.5	1.6
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	80	40	40	0.9	0.9	0.9
German	80	40	40	0.9	0.9	0.9
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	50	20	25	0.6	0.5	0.5
Afrikaans	10	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Dutch	35	20	20	0.4	0.5	0.4
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	5	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	10	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.2
Danish	5	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	5	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	20	10	5	0.2	0.2	0.1
Indo-Iranian languages	45	25	20	0.5	0.6	0.4
Indo-Aryan languages	40	25	20	0.4	0.6	0.4
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Hindi	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	30	15	15	0.3	0.4	0.3
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	55	25	25	0.6	0.6	0.5
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	20	10	5	0.2	0.2	0.1
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	5	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Spanish	25	10	15	0.3	0.2	0.3
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	15	5	15	0.2	0.1	0.3
Korean	15	5	10	0.2	0.1	0.2
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	5	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	5	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	45	20	25	0.5	0.5	0.5
Chinese languages	45	20	25	0.5	0.5	0.5
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	30	10	15	0.3	0.2	0.3
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	10	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.2
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	25	20	10	0.3	0.5	0.2
Estonian	5	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Finnish	10	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Hungarian	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	120	40	75	1.3	0.9	1.6
English and French	25	15	15	0.3	0.4	0.3
English and non-official language(s)	80	25	50	0.9	0.6	1.1
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	8,890	4,235	4,660	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	8,425	4,040	4,380	94.8	95.4	94.0
French	5	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Non-official language	60	20	40	0.7	0.5	0.9
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	60	20	40	0.7	0.5	0.9
English and French	55	15	40	0.6	0.4	0.9
English and non-official language(s)	325	135	185	3.7	3.2	4.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	15	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.2
Multiple non-official languages	5	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	8,890	4,235	4,660	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	8,825	4,205	4,620	99.3	99.3	99.1
Official languages	8,700	4,145	4,550	97.9	97.9	97.6
English	8,690	4,145	4,545	97.8	97.9	97.5
French	15	5	5	0.2	0.1	0.1
Non-official languages	130	55	75	1.5	1.3	1.6
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	130	55	75	1.5	1.3	1.6
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	10	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	10	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	50	25	25	0.6	0.6	0.5
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	5	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	5	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
German	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	5	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	5	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Dutch	5	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Indo-Iranian languages	30	15	15	0.3	0.4	0.3
Indo-Aryan languages	30	15	15	0.3	0.4	0.3
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	5	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	25	15	10	0.3	0.4	0.2
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	5	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Korean	10	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.2
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	25	10	15	0.3	0.2	0.3
Chinese languages	25	10	15	0.3	0.2	0.3
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	15	5	10	0.2	0.1	0.2
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	60	30	35	0.7	0.7	0.8
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	60	25	35	0.7	0.6	0.8
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	8,890	4,235	4,660	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	8,545	4,090	4,450	96.1	96.6	95.5
English	70	30	35	0.8	0.7	0.8
French	55	15	35	0.6	0.4	0.8
Non-official language	190	80	115	2.1	1.9	2.5
Indigenous³⁹	5	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Non-Indigenous	185	70	110	2.1	1.7	2.4
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
French and non-official language(s)	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	20	15	10	0.2	0.4	0.2
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	8,800	4,195	4,605	100.0	100.0	100.0
Official languages	8,770	4,190	4,580	99.7	99.9	99.5
English	8,765	4,185	4,580	99.6	99.8	99.5
French	550	235	320	6.3	5.6	6.9
Non-official languages	820	380	440	9.3	9.1	9.6
Indigenous languages³⁹	25	15	10	0.3	0.4	0.2
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	25	15	10	0.3	0.4	0.2
Halkomelem	25	15	10	0.3	0.4	0.2
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	805	370	430	9.1	8.8	9.3
Afro-Asiatic languages	25	15	10	0.3	0.4	0.2
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	25	15	10	0.3	0.4	0.2
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	50	20	30	0.6	0.5	0.7
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	50	20	30	0.6	0.5	0.7
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	15	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.3
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	15	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.3
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	525	245	275	6.0	5.8	6.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	70	35	40	0.8	0.8	0.9
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	70	35	40	0.8	0.8	0.9
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Russian	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	15	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.2
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	15	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.2
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	220	120	100	2.5	2.9	2.2
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	155	85	75	1.8	2.0	1.6
German	155	85	75	1.8	2.0	1.6
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	50	35	20	0.6	0.8	0.4
Afrikaans	15	15	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
Dutch	45	20	20	0.5	0.5	0.4
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	15	10	0	0.2	0.2	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	25	0	20	0.3	0.0	0.4
Indo-Iranian languages	15	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Indo-Aryan languages	15	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	15	10	0	0.2	0.2	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	220	110	110	2.5	2.6	2.4
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	15	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.3
Portuguese	15	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.2
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	170	85	85	1.9	2.0	1.8
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	40	10	25	0.5	0.2	0.5
Korean	40	20	20	0.5	0.5	0.4
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	15	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.3
American Sign Language	15	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.3
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	80	30	45	0.9	0.7	1.0
Chinese languages	80	30	45	0.9	0.7	1.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	40	15	20	0.5	0.4	0.4
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	25	10	10	0.3	0.2	0.2
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	15	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	15	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.2
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	8,800	4,195	4,605	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	625	330	295	7.1	7.9	6.4
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	600	325	280	6.8	7.7	6.1
First Nations (North American Indian)	245	135	110	2.8	3.2	2.4
Métis	355	190	170	4.0	4.5	3.7
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	20	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.3
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous identity	8,180	3,870	4,310	93.0	92.3	93.6
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	8,800	4,195	4,605	100.0	100.0	100.0
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	170	85	85	1.9	2.0	1.8
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	8,630	4,110	4,520	98.1	98.0	98.2
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	3,925	...	...	100.0	...	...
Owner	3,170	...	...	80.8	...	...
Renter	755	...	...	19.2	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	3,925	...	...	100.0	...	...
Condominium	535	...	...	13.6	...	...
Not condominium	3,390	...	...	86.4	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	3,925	...	...	100.0	...	...
No bedrooms	20	...	...	0.5	...	...
1 bedroom	280	...	...	7.1	...	...
2 bedrooms	1,010	...	...	25.7	...	...
3 bedrooms	1,600	...	...	40.8	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	1,015	...	...	25.9	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	3,925	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	730	...	...	18.6	...	...
5 rooms	675	...	...	17.2	...	...
6 rooms	690	...	...	17.6	...	...
7 rooms	475	...	...	12.1	...	...
8 or more rooms	1,360	...	...	34.6	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.7	...	...	6.7	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	3,925	...	...	100.0	...	...
One person or fewer per room	3,885	...	...	99.0	...	...
More than one person per room	35	...	...	0.9	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	3,925	...	...	100.0	...	...
Suitable	3,795	...	...	96.7	...	...
Not suitable	130	...	...	3.3	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	3,925	...	...	100.0	...	...
1960 or before	860	...	...	21.9	...	...
1961 to 1980	895	...	...	22.8	...	...
1981 to 1990	360	...	...	9.2	...	...
1991 to 2000	760	...	...	19.4	...	...
2001 to 2005	230	...	...	5.9	...	...
2006 to 2010	365	...	...	9.3	...	...
2011 to 2015	215	...	...	5.5	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	245	...	...	6.2	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	3,925	...	...	100.0	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	3,705	...	...	94.4	...	...
Major repairs needed	220	...	...	5.6	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	3,925	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-maintainer household	1,930	...	...	49.2	...	...
Two-maintainer household	1,835	...	...	46.8	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	160	...	...	4.1	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	3,925	...	...	100.0	...	...
15 to 24 years	30	...	...	0.8	...	...
25 to 34 years	270	...	...	6.9	...	...
35 to 44 years	570	...	...	14.5	...	...
45 to 54 years	570	...	...	14.5	...	...
55 to 64 years	805	...	...	20.5	...	...
65 to 74 years	1,005	...	...	25.6	...	...
75 to 84 years	495	...	...	12.6	...	...
85 years and over	185	...	...	4.7	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	3,915	...	...	100.0	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	3,220	...	...	82.2	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	690	...	...	17.6	...	...
30% to less than 100%	640	...	...	16.3	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	3,925	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	945	...	...	24.1	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	630	...	...	16.1	...	...
Not suitable only	80	...	...	2.0	...	...
Major repairs needed only	150	...	...	3.8	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	15	...	...	0.4	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	40	...	...	1.0	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	25	...	...	0.6	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Acceptable housing	2,975	...	...	75.8	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	3,865	...	...	100.0	...	...
In core need	295	...	...	7.6	...	...
Not in core need	3,565	...	...	92.2	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	3,170	...	...	...	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	55.5	...	...	55.5	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	12.9	...	...	12.9	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	4.6	...	...	4.6	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,070	...	...	1,070	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,259	...	...	1,259	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	552,000	...	...	552,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	587,500	...	...	587,500	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	760	...	...	...	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	9.2	...	...	9.2	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	37.6	...	...	37.6	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	21.8	...	...	21.8	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,120	...	...	1,120	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,184	...	...	1,184	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	...	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	8,800	4,195	4,605	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	185	105	80	2.1	2.5	1.7
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	180	100	80	2.0	2.4	1.7
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	100	55	40	1.1	1.3	0.9
Métis single ancestry	80	45	40	0.9	1.1	0.9
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	530	250	280	6.0	6.0	6.1
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	500	235	270	5.7	5.6	5.9
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	315	135	185	3.6	3.2	4.0
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	180	95	80	2.0	2.3	1.7
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	30	20	10	0.3	0.5	0.2
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	25	15	10	0.3	0.4	0.2
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	8,090	3,840	4,245	91.9	91.5	92.2
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	8,800	4,195	4,600	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	8,545	4,065	4,475	97.1	96.9	97.3
Canadian citizens aged under 18	1,460	720	735	16.6	17.2	16.0
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	7,090	3,345	3,745	80.6	79.7	81.4
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	255	125	125	2.9	3.0	2.7
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	8,800	4,195	4,600	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	7,620	3,670	3,945	86.6	87.5	85.8
Immigrants⁸¹	1,120	495	620	12.7	11.8	13.5
Before 1980	610	260	350	6.9	6.2	7.6
1980 to 1990	125	50	80	1.4	1.2	1.7
1991 to 2000	125	70	55	1.4	1.7	1.2
2001 to 2010	190	95	95	2.2	2.3	2.1
2011 to 2021⁸²	65	20	50	0.7	0.5	1.1
2011 to 2015	25	0	20	0.3	0.0	0.4
2016 to 2021	45	15	25	0.5	0.4	0.5
Non-permanent residents⁸³	60	30	30	0.7	0.7	0.7
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	1,120	495	625	100.0	100.0	100.0
Under 5 years	145	55	85	12.9	11.1	13.6
5 to 14 years	255	120	135	22.8	24.2	21.6
15 to 24 years	285	135	150	25.4	27.3	24.0
25 to 44 years	380	155	225	33.9	31.3	36.0
45 years and over	60	30	30	5.4	6.1	4.8
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	1,120	495	625	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	175	75	95	15.6	15.2	15.2
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
El Salvador	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyana	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	20	10	10	1.8	2.0	1.6
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	120	50	65	10.7	10.1	10.4
Other places of birth in Americas	25	10	15	2.2	2.0	2.4
Europe	715	325	385	63.8	65.7	61.6
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatia	15	15	0	1.3	3.0	0.0
France	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germany	65	20	45	5.8	4.0	7.2
Greece	10	0	10	0.9	0.0	1.6
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Netherlands	45	30	20	4.0	6.1	3.2
Poland	25	15	10	2.2	3.0	1.6
Portugal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	440	180	260	39.3	36.4	41.6
Other places of birth in Europe	75	45	30	6.7	9.1	4.8
Africa	40	20	15	3.6	4.0	2.4
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	25	20	0	2.2	4.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	10	0	10	0.9	0.0	1.6
Asia	150	45	100	13.4	9.1	16.0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	10	0	10	0.9	0.0	1.6
Hong Kong⁹¹	15	0	15	1.3	0.0	2.4
Korea, South⁹²	15	0	0	1.3	0.0	0.0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	15	0	10	1.3	0.0	1.6
Viet Nam	20	10	10	1.8	2.0	1.6
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	25	0	25	2.2	0.0	4.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	20	0	15	1.8	0.0	2.4
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	50	25	25	4.5	5.1	4.0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	45	15	30	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	25	10	20	55.6	66.7	66.7
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	20	10	10	44.4	66.7	33.3
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Europe	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asia	10	0	10	22.2	0.0	33.3
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	8,800	4,195	4,605	100.0	100.0	100.0
First generation¹⁰⁰	1,250	560	685	14.2	13.3	14.9
Second generation¹⁰¹	1,630	790	835	18.5	18.8	18.1
Third generation or more¹⁰²	5,925	2,845	3,080	67.3	67.8	66.9
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	510	230	280	100.0	100.0	100.0
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	275	135	135	53.9	58.7	48.2
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	105	55	50	20.6	23.9	17.9
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	165	80	85	32.4	34.8	30.4
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	200	80	120	39.2	34.8	42.9
Refugees¹⁰⁸	35	10	20	6.9	4.3	7.1
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	510	230	280	100.0	100.0	100.0
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	100	50	50	19.6	21.7	17.9
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	10	0	10	2.0	0.0	3.6
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	20	0	20	3.9	0.0	7.1
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	10	0	0	2.0	0.0	0.0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	370	170	195	72.5	73.9	69.6
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	8,800	4,195	4,605	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	475	195	280	5.4	4.6	6.1
South Asian	60	20	40	0.7	0.5	0.9
Chinese	105	45	60	1.2	1.1	1.3
Black	55	20	35	0.6	0.5	0.8
Filipino	50	20	35	0.6	0.5	0.8
Arab	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latin American	25	15	10	0.3	0.4	0.2
Southeast Asian	55	20	25	0.6	0.5	0.5
West Asian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	35	20	20	0.4	0.5	0.4
Japanese	40	15	25	0.5	0.4	0.5
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Multiple visible minorities	40	10	30	0.5	0.2	0.7
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	8,325	4,005	4,320	94.6	95.5	93.8
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	8,800	4,195	4,600	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian	1,170	580	590	13.3	13.8	12.8
English	2,920	1,325	1,595	33.2	31.6	34.7
Irish	1,490	685	805	16.9	16.3	17.5
Scottish	2,505	1,125	1,380	28.5	26.8	30.0
French, n.o.s.¹²²	625	290	345	7.1	6.9	7.5
German	1,420	655	770	16.1	15.6	16.7
Chinese	135	35	100	1.5	0.8	2.2
Italian	385	195	190	4.4	4.6	4.1
Indian (India)	40	10	30	0.5	0.2	0.7
Ukrainian	495	230	265	5.6	5.5	5.8
Dutch	475	240	245	5.4	5.7	5.3
Polish	325	105	220	3.7	2.5	4.8
Québécois	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	600	285	315	6.8	6.8	6.8
Filipino	45	15	25	0.5	0.4	0.5
French Canadian	100	40	60	1.1	1.0	1.3
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	130	75	55	1.5	1.8	1.2
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	245	120	130	2.8	2.9	2.8
Métis	295	160	135	3.4	3.8	2.9
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	290	145	145	3.3	3.5	3.2
Russian	200	95	110	2.3	2.3	2.4
Norwegian	400	200	200	4.5	4.8	4.3
Welsh	250	95	150	2.8	2.3	3.3
Portuguese	20	15	10	0.2	0.4	0.2
American	185	100	85	2.1	2.4	1.8
Spanish	80	35	45	0.9	0.8	1.0
Swedish	275	120	150	3.1	2.9	3.3
Hungarian	110	55	60	1.3	1.3	1.3
Acadian	40	15	25	0.5	0.4	0.5
Pakistani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jewish	35	25	10	0.4	0.6	0.2
Punjabi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	60	30	35	0.7	0.7	0.8
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	45	15	35	0.5	0.4	0.8
Jamaican	25	10	15	0.3	0.2	0.3
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	15	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.3
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	60	25	35	0.7	0.6	0.8
Korean	40	20	20	0.5	0.5	0.4
Romanian	65	35	35	0.7	0.8	0.8
Lebanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	175	80	90	2.0	1.9	2.0
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	50	15	35	0.6	0.4	0.8
Sikh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austrian	85	45	45	1.0	1.1	1.0
Belgian	35	30	10	0.4	0.7	0.2
Haitian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexican	25	10	15	0.3	0.2	0.3
Mennonite	40	15	20	0.5	0.4	0.4
Swiss	25	15	10	0.3	0.4	0.2
Finnish	185	70	115	2.1	1.7	2.5
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	35	20	15	0.4	0.5	0.3
Japanese	40	15	20	0.5	0.4	0.4
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	135	75	60	1.5	1.8	1.3
Muslim	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egyptian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	60	15	50	0.7	0.4	1.1
Colombian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moroccan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	25	20	10	0.3	0.5	0.2
Syrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afghan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Ojibway	15	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.2
Newfoundlander	30	15	15	0.3	0.4	0.3
Hong Konger	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	25	10	15	0.3	0.2	0.3
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Slovak	50	40	10	0.6	1.0	0.2
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	20	15	15	0.2	0.4	0.3
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwanese	30	20	10	0.3	0.5	0.2
Iraqi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South African	20	0	20	0.2	0.0	0.4
Australian	55	15	40	0.6	0.4	0.9
Palestinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chilean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congolese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peruvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	35	20	20	0.4	0.5	0.4
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	15	10	0	0.2	0.2	0.0
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Canadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israeli	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	20	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.3
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albertan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African American	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Laotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
British Columbian	45	25	20	0.5	0.6	0.4
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Argentinian	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Estonian	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jatt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dominican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Abenaki	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Zealander	25	15	10	0.3	0.4	0.2
Sudanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Breton	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malaysian	25	0	15	0.3	0.0	0.3
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gaspesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norman	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Burundian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Manitoban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Honduran	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cherokee	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Flemish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Goan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamileke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Libyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Basque	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igorot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guinean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maliseet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Beninese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Roma	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tajik	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amhara	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	8,800	4,200	4,605	100.0	100.0	100.0
Buddhist	25	15	0	0.3	0.4	0.0
Christian	3,335	1,405	1,935	37.9	33.5	42.0
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	690	285	405	7.8	6.8	8.8
Anabaptist	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Anglican	415	130	285	4.7	3.1	6.2
Baptist	150	60	95	1.7	1.4	2.1
Catholic	950	445	505	10.8	10.6	11.0
Christian Orthodox	35	10	20	0.4	0.2	0.4
Jehovah's Witness	45	25	15	0.5	0.6	0.3
Latter Day Saints	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Lutheran	115	55	55	1.3	1.3	1.2
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	105	50	55	1.2	1.2	1.2
Presbyterian	40	15	30	0.5	0.4	0.7
Reformed	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Church	510	210	300	5.8	5.0	6.5
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	265	110	155	3.0	2.6	3.4
Hindu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jewish	30	25	0	0.3	0.6	0.0
Muslim	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sikh	30	10	20	0.3	0.2	0.4
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	40	20	20	0.5	0.5	0.4
Other religions and spiritual traditions	80	15	70	0.9	0.4	1.5
No religion and secular perspectives	5,255	2,705	2,555	59.7	64.4	55.5
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	8,725	4,165	4,565	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	7,660	3,655	4,000	87.8	87.8	87.6
Movers	1,070	505	560	12.3	12.1	12.3
Non-migrants	325	155	165	3.7	3.7	3.6
Migrants	745	345	395	8.5	8.3	8.7
Internal migrants	720	340	380	8.3	8.2	8.3
Intraprovincial migrants	530	255	275	6.1	6.1	6.0
Interprovincial migrants	190	85	100	2.2	2.0	2.2
External migrants	25	0	15	0.3	0.0	0.3
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	8,490	4,035	4,455	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	4,825	2,300	2,525	56.8	57.0	56.7
Movers	3,665	1,735	1,935	43.2	43.0	43.4
Non-migrants	820	365	460	9.7	9.0	10.3
Migrants	2,845	1,375	1,470	33.5	34.1	33.0
Internal migrants	2,735	1,320	1,410	32.2	32.7	31.6
Intraprovincial migrants	2,190	1,045	1,145	25.8	25.9	25.7
Interprovincial migrants	545	275	270	6.4	6.8	6.1
External migrants	110	50	60	1.3	1.2	1.3
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	7,600	3,580	4,020	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	1,240	730	510	16.3	20.4	12.7
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	6,360	2,850	3,505	83.7	79.6	87.2
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	4,305	2,025	2,280	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	395	275	120	9.2	13.6	5.3
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	3,910	1,750	2,160	90.8	86.4	94.7
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	7,600	3,580	4,020	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	990	560	430	13.0	15.6	10.7
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	2,360	1,025	1,330	31.1	28.6	33.1
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	4,255	1,990	2,255	56.0	55.6	56.1
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	2,715	1,290	1,425	35.7	36.0	35.4
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	820	620	200	10.8	17.3	5.0
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	285	165	120	3.8	4.6	3.0
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	535	450	85	7.0	12.6	2.1
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	1,570	585	980	20.7	16.3	24.4
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	330	90	240	4.3	2.5	6.0
Bachelor's degree or higher	1,535	700	835	20.2	19.6	20.8
Bachelor's degree	1,000	430	565	13.2	12.0	14.1
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	155	50	105	2.0	1.4	2.6
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	10	10	0	0.1	0.3	0.0
Master's degree	325	190	145	4.3	5.3	3.6
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	40	20	20	0.5	0.6	0.5
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	4,300	2,025	2,275	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	285	205	80	6.6	10.1	3.5
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	1,290	590	700	30.0	29.1	30.8
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,730	1,230	1,500	63.5	60.7	65.9
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,730	790	940	40.2	39.0	41.3
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	480	365	115	11.2	18.0	5.1
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	190	120	70	4.4	5.9	3.1
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	290	245	40	6.7	12.1	1.8
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	1,035	380	655	24.1	18.8	28.8
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	215	45	175	5.0	2.2	7.7
Bachelor's degree or higher	1,000	445	560	23.3	22.0	24.6
Bachelor's degree	670	290	375	15.6	14.3	16.5
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	95	35	60	2.2	1.7	2.6
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Master's degree	205	105	105	4.8	5.2	4.6
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	30	10	20	0.7	0.5	0.9
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	7,600	3,580	4,015	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	3,350	1,590	1,760	44.1	44.4	43.8
Education	420	155	265	5.5	4.3	6.6
13. Education	420	155	265	5.5	4.3	6.6
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	175	55	120	2.3	1.5	3.0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	25	15	10	0.3	0.4	0.2
50. Visual and performing arts	150	40	110	2.0	1.1	2.7
Humanities	175	90	85	2.3	2.5	2.1
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
23. English language and literature/letters	65	15	55	0.9	0.4	1.4
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	45	15	25	0.6	0.4	0.6
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	10	10	0	0.1	0.3	0.0
39. Theology and religious vocations	10	10	0	0.1	0.3	0.0
54. History	20	20	0	0.3	0.6	0.0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	415	130	285	5.5	3.6	7.1
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	15	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.4
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	35	15	25	0.5	0.4	0.6
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	95	0	90	1.3	0.0	2.2
22. Legal professions and studies	30	0	30	0.4	0.0	0.7
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
42. Psychology	125	45	80	1.6	1.3	2.0
45. Social sciences	105	60	45	1.4	1.7	1.1
Business, management and public administration	710	205	510	9.3	5.7	12.7
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	85	20	60	1.1	0.6	1.5
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	630	185	450	8.3	5.2	11.2
Physical and life sciences and technologies	135	70	70	1.8	2.0	1.7
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	65	35	30	0.9	1.0	0.7
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	40	15	25	0.5	0.4	0.6
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
40. Physical sciences	10	10	0	0.1	0.3	0.0
41. Science technologies/technicians	15	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.2
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	80	35	45	1.1	1.0	1.1
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	75	30	45	1.0	0.8	1.1
25. Library science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	970	890	80	12.8	24.9	2.0
04. Architecture and related services	15	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.2
14. Engineering	115	95	20	1.5	2.7	0.5
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	200	175	30	2.6	4.9	0.7
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	230	225	0	3.0	6.3	0.0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	300	280	25	3.9	7.8	0.6
48. Precision production	110	110	0	1.4	3.1	0.0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	150	85	70	2.0	2.4	1.7
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	55	30	30	0.7	0.8	0.7
03. Natural resources and conservation	90	55	40	1.2	1.5	1.0
Health and related fields	730	125	610	9.6	3.5	15.2
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	65	30	40	0.9	0.8	1.0
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	665	100	570	8.8	2.8	14.2
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Personal, protective and transportation services	285	160	125	3.8	4.5	3.1
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	150	40	110	2.0	1.1	2.7
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	45	40	0	0.6	1.1	0.0
49. Transportation and materials moving	95	75	15	1.3	2.1	0.4
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	4,305	2,025	2,280	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	1,570	795	780	36.5	39.3	34.2
Education	230	75	155	5.3	3.7	6.8
13. Education	230	75	155	5.3	3.7	6.8
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	120	30	90	2.8	1.5	3.9
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	15	15	0	0.3	0.7	0.0
50. Visual and performing arts	105	15	90	2.4	0.7	3.9
Humanities	110	50	60	2.6	2.5	2.6
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
23. English language and literature/letters	40	0	35	0.9	0.0	1.5
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	45	20	25	1.0	1.0	1.1
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
39. Theology and religious vocations	10	10	0	0.2	0.5	0.0
54. History	15	15	0	0.3	0.7	0.0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	300	100	200	7.0	4.9	8.8
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	40	15	30	0.9	0.7	1.3
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	60	0	55	1.4	0.0	2.4
22. Legal professions and studies	15	0	15	0.3	0.0	0.7
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
42. Psychology	105	40	65	2.4	2.0	2.9
45. Social sciences	70	45	25	1.6	2.2	1.1
Business, management and public administration	475	125	350	11.0	6.2	15.4
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	40	10	35	0.9	0.5	1.5
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	435	115	320	10.1	5.7	14.0
Physical and life sciences and technologies	85	35	55	2.0	1.7	2.4
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	40	15	20	0.9	0.7	0.9
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	30	10	25	0.7	0.5	1.1
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	70	30	40	1.6	1.5	1.8
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	70	30	40	1.6	1.5	1.8
25. Library science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	565	535	40	13.1	26.4	1.8
04. Architecture and related services	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
14. Engineering	65	55	15	1.5	2.7	0.7
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	110	95	10	2.6	4.7	0.4
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	145	145	0	3.4	7.2	0.0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	160	160	10	3.7	7.9	0.4
48. Precision production	75	75	0	1.7	3.7	0.0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	120	60	60	2.8	3.0	2.6
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	45	20	20	1.0	1.0	0.9
03. Natural resources and conservation	75	40	40	1.7	2.0	1.8
Health and related fields	455	95	365	10.6	4.7	16.0
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	55	20	35	1.3	1.0	1.5
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	405	70	335	9.4	3.5	14.7
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Personal, protective and transportation services	195	100	90	4.5	4.9	3.9
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	105	20	75	2.4	1.0	3.3
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	25	25	0	0.6	1.2	0.0
49. Transportation and materials moving	70	55	15	1.6	2.7	0.7
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	4,305	2,025	2,280	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,570	795	780	36.5	39.3	34.2
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	2,730	1,230	1,500	63.4	60.7	65.8
Location of study inside Canada	2,505	1,130	1,375	58.2	55.8	60.3
Same as province or territory of residence	1,960	875	1,085	45.5	43.2	47.6
Different than province or territory of residence	545	260	290	12.7	12.8	12.7
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	225	100	125	5.2	4.9	5.5
Americas	70	25	50	1.6	1.2	2.2
United States of America	55	20	35	1.3	1.0	1.5
Mexico	15	0	10	0.3	0.0	0.4
Cuba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Europe	75	40	30	1.7	2.0	1.3
Belgium	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Switzerland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	60	30	30	1.4	1.5	1.3
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Europe	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asia	70	30	40	1.6	1.5	1.8
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	25	10	15	0.6	0.5	0.7
Philippines	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania	10	10	0	0.2	0.5	0.0
Australia	10	10	0	0.2	0.5	0.0
New Zealand	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	7,600	3,580	4,020	...	...	...
In the labour force	4,085	2,070	2,020	...	...	...
Employed	3,755	1,890	1,865	...	...	...
Unemployed	325	180	145	...	...	...
Not in the labour force	3,515	1,510	2,005	...	...	...
Participation rate	53.8	57.8	50.2	53.8	57.8	50.2
Employment rate	49.4	52.8	46.4	49.4	52.8	46.4
Unemployment rate	8.0	8.7	7.2	8.0	8.7	7.2
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	7,600	3,580	4,015	100.0	100.0	100.0
Did not work¹⁸⁶	3,400	1,470	1,925	44.7	41.1	47.9
Worked	4,200	2,110	2,090	55.3	58.9	52.1
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	2,095	1,135	960	27.6	31.7	23.9
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	2,105	970	1,130	27.7	27.1	28.1
Average weeks worked in reference year	40.3	41.7	38.9	40.3	41.7	38.9
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	4,085	2,070	2,015	100.0	100.0	100.0
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	70	40	25	1.7	1.9	1.2
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	4,020	2,030	1,990	98.4	98.1	98.8
Employee	3,435	1,690	1,740	84.1	81.6	86.4
Permanent position	2,940	1,475	1,465	72.0	71.3	72.7
Temporary position	490	220	275	12.0	10.6	13.6
Fixed term (1 year or more)	125	50	75	3.1	2.4	3.7
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	370	170	200	9.1	8.2	9.9
Self-employed¹⁹²	590	340	250	14.4	16.4	12.4
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	4,085	2,070	2,015	100.0	100.0	100.0
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	70	40	25	1.7	1.9	1.2
All occupations¹⁹¹	4,020	2,030	1,990	98.4	98.1	98.8
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	25	20	10	0.6	1.0	0.5
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	535	125	415	13.1	6.0	20.6
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	230	180	50	5.6	8.7	2.5
3 Health occupations	295	50	240	7.2	2.4	11.9
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	555	170	385	13.6	8.2	19.1
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	90	30	55	2.2	1.4	2.7
6 Sales and service occupations	1,055	370	690	25.8	17.9	34.2
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	920	825	90	22.5	39.9	4.5
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	115	95	20	2.8	4.6	1.0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	200	160	40	4.9	7.7	2.0
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	4,085	2,070	2,015	100.0	100.0	100.0
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	70	40	25	1.7	1.9	1.2
All industries¹⁹¹	4,020	2,030	1,990	98.4	98.1	98.8
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	115	100	20	2.8	4.8	1.0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	30	30	0	0.7	1.4	0.0
22 Utilities	25	20	0	0.6	1.0	0.0
23 Construction	400	335	65	9.8	16.2	3.2
31-33 Manufacturing	325	235	95	8.0	11.4	4.7
41 Wholesale trade	90	75	10	2.2	3.6	0.5
44-45 Retail trade	530	205	325	13.0	9.9	16.1
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	235	165	70	5.8	8.0	3.5
51 Information and cultural industries	105	55	45	2.6	2.7	2.2
52 Finance and insurance	130	25	100	3.2	1.2	5.0
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	35	20	10	0.9	1.0	0.5
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	225	120	95	5.5	5.8	4.7
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	165	100	65	4.0	4.8	3.2
61 Educational services	340	110	230	8.3	5.3	11.4
62 Health care and social assistance	525	90	430	12.9	4.3	21.3
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	50	25	25	1.2	1.2	1.2
72 Accommodation and food services	275	80	195	6.7	3.9	9.7
81 Other services (except public administration)	195	100	100	4.8	4.8	5.0
91 Public administration	225	115	105	5.5	5.6	5.2
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	4,475	2,230	2,240	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	4,370	2,200	2,170	97.7	98.7	96.9
French	10	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.4
Non-official language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and French	30	0	20	0.7	0.0	0.9
English and non-official language(s)	70	25	40	1.6	1.1	1.8
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	4,475	2,230	2,240	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	4,460	2,230	2,230	99.7	100.0	99.6
Official languages	4,445	2,225	2,220	99.3	99.8	99.1
English	4,435	2,225	2,205	99.1	99.8	98.4
French	15	0	15	0.3	0.0	0.7
Non-official languages	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	20	0	10	0.4	0.0	0.4
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	20	0	10	0.4	0.0	0.4
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	4,475	2,230	2,240	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	4,395	2,205	2,190	98.2	98.9	97.8
English	15	0	15	0.3	0.0	0.7
French	15	0	10	0.3	0.0	0.4
Non-official language	30	10	15	0.7	0.4	0.7
Indigenous³⁹	10	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.4
Non-Indigenous	25	10	10	0.6	0.4	0.4
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	3,755	1,890	1,865	100.0	100.0	100.0
Worked at home	550	240	310	14.6	12.7	16.6
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
No fixed workplace address	680	540	140	18.1	28.6	7.5
Usual place of work	2,525	1,105	1,415	67.2	58.5	75.9
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	2,520	1,105	1,415	100.0	100.0	100.0
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	930	330	600	36.9	29.9	42.4
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	670	290	375	26.6	26.2	26.5
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	900	465	430	35.7	42.1	30.4
Commute to a different province or territory	25	20	0	1.0	1.8	0.0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	3,200	1,645	1,555	100.0	100.0	100.0
Car, truck or van	2,890	1,525	1,365	90.3	92.7	87.8
Car, truck or van - as a driver	2,730	1,460	1,265	85.3	88.8	81.4
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	170	65	100	5.3	4.0	6.4
Public transit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Walked	220	65	155	6.9	4.0	10.0
Bicycle	20	15	0	0.6	0.9	0.0
Other method	70	35	35	2.2	2.1	2.3
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	3,200	1,645	1,555	100.0	100.0	100.0
Less than 15 minutes	1,180	455	725	36.9	27.7	46.6
15 to 29 minutes	1,075	560	520	33.6	34.0	33.4
30 to 44 minutes	705	440	265	22.0	26.7	17.0
45 to 59 minutes	65	35	30	2.0	2.1	1.9
60 minutes and over	175	155	20	5.5	9.4	1.3
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	3,200	1,645	1,555	100.0	100.0	100.0
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	145	115	30	4.5	7.0	1.9
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	590	385	210	18.4	23.4	13.5
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	845	495	350	26.4	30.1	22.5
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	730	260	470	22.8	15.8	30.2
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	460	150	315	14.4	9.1	20.3
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	430	240	190	13.4	14.6	12.2
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	1,480	745	735	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	80	45	35	5.4	6.0	4.8
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	1,395	700	700	94.3	94.0	95.2
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	1,120	565	560	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	65	35	35	5.8	6.2	6.3
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	25	15	15	2.2	2.7	2.7
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	40	20	15	3.6	3.5	2.7
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	1,055	525	525	94.2	92.9	93.8

Symbol legend

...
not applicable
x
suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 30, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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