Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	Juan de Fuca (Part 1), Regional district electoral area (RDA)More information: British Columbia [Census subdivision]
	Counts			Rates
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	5,132	...	...	...	...	...
Population, 2016¹	4,670^r	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	9.9	...	...	9.9	...	...
Total private dwellings²	2,459	...	...	...	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	2,202	...	...	...	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	23.2	...	...	23.2	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	221.48	...	...	...	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	5,135	2,635	2,495	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	610	325	285	11.9	12.3	11.4
0 to 4 years	155	85	70	3.0	3.2	2.8
5 to 9 years	225	120	100	4.4	4.6	4.0
10 to 14 years	235	125	110	4.6	4.7	4.4
15 to 64 years	3,285	1,665	1,620	64.0	63.2	64.9
15 to 19 years	240	115	120	4.7	4.4	4.8
20 to 24 years	155	80	75	3.0	3.0	3.0
25 to 29 years	175	85	85	3.4	3.2	3.4
30 to 34 years	260	135	125	5.1	5.1	5.0
35 to 39 years	315	150	160	6.1	5.7	6.4
40 to 44 years	320	165	155	6.2	6.3	6.2
45 to 49 years	360	190	170	7.0	7.2	6.8
50 to 54 years	410	200	215	8.0	7.6	8.6
55 to 59 years	505	245	255	9.8	9.3	10.2
60 to 64 years	545	295	250	10.6	11.2	10.0
65 years and over	1,235	645	595	24.1	24.5	23.8
65 to 69 years	525	260	265	10.2	9.9	10.6
70 to 74 years	330	180	150	6.4	6.8	6.0
75 to 79 years	205	105	95	4.0	4.0	3.8
80 to 84 years	105	60	45	2.0	2.3	1.8
85 years and over	70	35	35	1.4	1.3	1.4
85 to 89 years	50	25	25	1.0	0.9	1.0
90 to 94 years	15	5	10	0.3	0.2	0.4
95 to 99 years	5	5	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
100 years and over	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	11.9	12.3	11.4	11.9	12.3	11.4
15 to 64 years	64.0	63.2	64.9	64.0	63.2	64.9
65 years and over	24.1	24.5	23.8	24.1	24.5	23.8
85 years and over	1.4	1.3	1.4	1.4	1.3	1.4
Average age of the population	47.4	47.4	47.4	47.4	47.4	47.4
Median age of the population	51.6	51.6	51.6	51.6	51.6	51.6
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	2,200	...	...	100.0	...	...
Single-detached house	1,875	...	...	85.2	...	...
Semi-detached house	45	...	...	2.0	...	...
Row house	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	130	...	...	5.9	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	5	...	...	0.2	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Other single-attached house	5	...	...	0.2	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	140	...	...	6.4	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	2,200	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 person	540	...	...	24.5	...	...
2 persons	995	...	...	45.2	...	...
3 persons	305	...	...	13.9	...	...
4 persons	215	...	...	9.8	...	...
5 or more persons	145	...	...	6.6	...	...
Number of persons in private households	5,120	2,630	2,490	100.0	100.0	100.0
Average household size	2.3	...	...	2.3	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	4,520	2,305	2,215	100.0	100.0	100.0
Married or living common-law	3,055	1,530	1,530	67.6	66.4	69.1
Married	2,365	1,180	1,185	52.3	51.2	53.5
Living common-law	695	345	345	15.4	15.0	15.6
Living common law - Never married	450	230	225	10.0	10.0	10.2
Living common law - Separated	25	10	15	0.6	0.4	0.7
Living common law - Divorced	185	90	100	4.1	3.9	4.5
Living common law - Widowed	25	15	10	0.6	0.7	0.5
Not married and not living common-law	1,460	775	690	32.3	33.6	31.2
Not married and not living common law - Never married	880	520	365	19.5	22.6	16.5
Not married and not living common law - Separated	115	60	55	2.5	2.6	2.5
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	280	145	140	6.2	6.3	6.3
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	185	55	130	4.1	2.4	5.9
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	1,655	...	...	100.0	...	...
2 persons	1,080	...	...	65.3	...	...
3 persons	290	...	...	17.5	...	...
4 persons	210	...	...	12.7	...	...
5 or more persons	70	...	...	4.2	...	...
Average size of census families	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.7	...	...	1.7	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	1,650	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total couple families	1,510	...	...	91.5	...	...
Married couples	1,165	...	...	70.6	...	...
With children⁶	400	...	...	24.2	...	...
Without children	765	...	...	46.4	...	...
Common-law couples	345	...	...	20.9	...	...
With children⁶	120	...	...	7.3	...	...
Without children	225	...	...	13.6	...	...
Total one-parent families	140	...	...	8.5	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	100	...	...	6.1	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	45	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	5,120	2,630	2,490	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total - Persons in census families	4,260	2,155	2,105	83.2	81.9	84.5
Married spouses or common-law partners	3,020	1,510	1,505	59.0	57.4	60.4
Parents in one-parent families	145	40	100	2.8	1.5	4.0
Children⁶	1,095	595	500	21.4	22.6	20.1
In a two-parent family	880	480	395	17.2	18.3	15.9
In a one-parent family	215	115	100	4.2	4.4	4.0
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	860	470	390	16.8	17.9	15.7
Living alone	540	310	225	10.5	11.8	9.0
Living with other relatives⁷	110	40	65	2.1	1.5	2.6
Living with non-relatives only	215	120	95	4.2	4.6	3.8
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	2,200	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	1,410	...	...	64.1	...	...
Couple-family households	1,315	...	...	59.8	...	...
With children⁶	440	...	...	20.0	...	...
Without children	875	...	...	39.8	...	...
One-parent-family households	95	...	...	4.3	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	65	...	...	3.0	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	30	...	...	1.4	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	80	...	...	3.6	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	75	...	...	3.4	...	...
One-person households	540	...	...	24.5	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	4,515	2,305	2,210	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	4,390	2,250	2,140	97.2	97.6	96.8
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	43,600	49,600	38,400	43,600	49,600	38,400
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	4,390	2,250	2,140	97.2	97.6	96.8
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	39,200	44,000	35,200	39,200	44,000	35,200
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	3,995	2,085	1,910	88.5	90.5	86.4
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	38,000	44,400	31,400	38,000	44,400	31,400
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	2,950	1,575	1,375	65.3	68.3	62.2
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	39,200	45,200	33,200	39,200	45,200	33,200
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	3,490	1,735	1,755	77.3	75.3	79.4
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	10,600	10,200	10,900	10,600	10,200	10,900
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	260	125	140	5.8	5.4	6.3
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,760	5,760	5,760	5,760	5,760	5,760
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	980	505	475	21.7	21.9	21.5
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	4,515	2,300	2,210	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	4,415	2,245	2,175	97.8	97.6	98.4
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	52,900	58,250	47,360	52,900	58,250	47,360
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	4,420	2,255	2,175	97.9	98.0	98.4
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	43,960	48,080	39,680	43,960	48,080	39,680
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	4,010	2,075	1,935	88.8	90.2	87.6
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	48,480	53,700	42,880	48,480	53,700	42,880
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	2,950	1,530	1,425	65.3	66.5	64.5
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	47,360	53,150	41,120	47,360	53,150	41,120
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	3,545	1,755	1,790	78.5	76.3	81.0
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	11,060	10,970	11,150	11,060	10,970	11,150
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	270	105	170	6.0	4.6	7.7
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,800	8,000	6,000	6,800	8,000	6,000
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	1,075	540	535	23.8	23.5	24.2
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,580	8,080	9,080	8,580	8,080	9,080
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	4,510	2,300	2,210	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	1,375	760	615	30.5	33.0	27.8
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	68,500	73,000	57,600	68,500	73,000	57,600
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	71,200	78,600	62,200	71,200	78,600	62,200
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	1,180	555	630	26.2	24.1	28.5
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	16,000	15,700	17,600	16,000	15,700	17,600
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	30,400	33,600	27,700	30,400	33,600	27,700
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	83.2	85.2	80.6	83.2	85.2	80.6
Employment income (%)¹⁹	59.8	62.1	56.9	59.8	62.1	56.9
Government transfers (%)²⁰	16.8	14.7	19.4	16.8	14.7	19.4
Employment insurance benefits (%)	0.8	0.7	1.0	0.8	0.7	1.0
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	4.9	4.1	5.9	4.9	4.1	5.9
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	3.9	3.3	4.7	3.9	3.3	4.7
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	4,510	2,305	2,210	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without total income	125	55	70	2.8	2.4	3.2
With total income	4,390	2,250	2,140	97.3	97.6	96.8
Under $10,000 (including loss)	415	180	235	9.5	8.0	11.0
$10,000 to $19,999	515	210	305	11.7	9.3	14.3
$20,000 to $29,999	595	285	310	13.6	12.7	14.5
$30,000 to $39,999	500	245	255	11.4	10.9	11.9
$40,000 to $49,999	480	225	250	10.9	10.0	11.7
$50,000 to $59,999	380	185	200	8.7	8.2	9.3
$60,000 to $69,999	335	205	135	7.6	9.1	6.3
$70,000 to $79,999	285	150	135	6.5	6.7	6.3
$80,000 to $89,999	230	150	80	5.2	6.7	3.7
$90,000 to $99,999	175	105	75	4.0	4.7	3.5
$100,000 and over	480	320	160	10.9	14.2	7.5
$100,000 to $149,999	340	220	115	7.7	9.8	5.4
$150,000 and over	140	100	40	3.2	4.4	1.9
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	4,510	2,305	2,210	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without after-tax income	120	50	70	2.7	2.2	3.2
With after-tax income	4,390	2,255	2,140	97.3	97.8	96.8
Under $10,000 (including loss)	440	195	245	10.0	8.6	11.4
$10,000 to $19,999	540	225	315	12.3	10.0	14.7
$20,000 to $29,999	650	305	345	14.8	13.5	16.1
$30,000 to $39,999	620	300	315	14.1	13.3	14.7
$40,000 to $49,999	525	255	270	12.0	11.3	12.6
$50,000 to $59,999	445	260	190	10.1	11.5	8.9
$60,000 to $69,999	365	205	165	8.3	9.1	7.7
$70,000 to $79,999	265	165	105	6.0	7.3	4.9
$80,000 to $89,999	185	105	80	4.2	4.7	3.7
$90,000 to $99,999	100	70	35	2.3	3.1	1.6
$100,000 and over	250	175	80	5.7	7.8	3.7
$100,000 to $124,999	135	95	40	3.1	4.2	1.9
$125,000 and over	115	85	35	2.6	3.8	1.6
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	4,510	2,305	2,210	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without employment income	1,560	730	835	34.6	31.7	37.8
With employment income	2,950	1,575	1,375	65.4	68.3	62.2
Under $5,000 (including loss)	490	245	250	16.6	15.6	18.2
$5,000 to $9,999	235	115	120	8.0	7.3	8.7
$10,000 to $19,999	295	145	150	10.0	9.2	10.9
$20,000 to $29,999	240	120	115	8.1	7.6	8.4
$30,000 to $39,999	230	95	135	7.8	6.0	9.8
$40,000 to $49,999	230	115	120	7.8	7.3	8.7
$50,000 to $59,999	225	105	115	7.6	6.7	8.4
$60,000 to $69,999	230	135	90	7.8	8.6	6.5
$70,000 to $79,999	185	110	75	6.3	7.0	5.5
$80,000 to $89,999	165	105	60	5.6	6.7	4.4
$90,000 to $99,999	130	85	40	4.4	5.4	2.9
$100,000 and over	295	190	110	10.0	12.1	8.0
$100,000 to $124,999	155	90	65	5.3	5.7	4.7
$125,000 and over	140	100	45	4.7	6.3	3.3
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	4,515	2,305	2,210	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	4,285	2,185	2,095	94.9	94.8	94.8
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	41,200	49,600	35,200	41,200	49,600	35,200
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	4,295	2,190	2,105	95.1	95.0	95.2
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	36,800	44,000	31,800	36,800	44,000	31,800
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	3,955	2,035	1,920	87.6	88.3	86.9
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	38,400	47,200	30,800	38,400	47,200	30,800
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	3,120	1,645	1,475	69.1	71.4	66.7
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	36,400	44,400	30,600	36,400	44,400	30,600
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	2,765	1,285	1,480	61.2	55.7	67.0
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	8,600	9,300	7,900	8,600	9,300	7,900
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	240	140	100	5.3	6.1	4.5
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	5,640	5,280	6,450	5,640	5,280	6,450
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	4,515	2,300	2,210	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	4,315	2,185	2,130	95.6	95.0	96.4
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	51,160	58,550	43,560	51,160	58,550	43,560
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	4,325	2,185	2,140	95.8	95.0	96.8
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	42,960	49,120	36,680	42,960	49,120	36,680
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	3,980	2,050	1,930	88.2	89.1	87.3
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	49,000	56,400	41,160	49,000	56,400	41,160
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	3,105	1,620	1,485	68.8	70.4	67.2
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	45,520	50,960	39,560	45,520	50,960	39,560
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	2,785	1,245	1,540	61.7	54.1	69.7
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	9,250	9,920	8,700	9,250	9,920	8,700
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	210	90	120	4.7	3.9	5.4
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	7,200	6,600	7,700	7,200	6,600	7,700
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	4,510	2,300	2,210	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	1,380	765	610	30.6	33.3	27.6
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	65,000	73,000	53,600	65,000	73,000	53,600
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	66,400	74,200	56,800	66,400	74,200	56,800
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	1,090	525	565	24.2	22.8	25.6
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	21,800	18,400	24,000	21,800	18,400	24,000
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	33,100	32,000	34,200	33,100	32,000	34,200
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	88.4	90.4	85.6	88.4	90.4	85.6
Employment income (%)	64.0	64.6	63.4	64.0	64.6	63.4
Government transfers (%)	11.7	9.7	14.4	11.7	9.7	14.4
Employment insurance benefits (%)	0.7	0.5	1.0	0.7	0.5	1.0
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	2,200	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	90,000	...	...	90,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	80,000	...	...	80,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	540	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	40,400	...	...	40,400	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	36,800	...	...	36,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	1,660	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	109,000	...	...	109,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	96,000	...	...	96,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	2,200	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	106,100	...	...	106,100	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	88,300	...	...	88,300	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	545	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	65,200	...	...	65,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	50,200	...	...	50,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	1,655	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	119,500	...	...	119,500	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	100,700	...	...	100,700	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	2,200	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	30	...	...	1.4	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	10	...	...	0.5	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	30	...	...	1.4	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	55	...	...	2.5	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	80	...	...	3.6	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	45	...	...	2.0	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	65	...	...	3.0	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	75	...	...	3.4	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	70	...	...	3.2	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	80	...	...	3.6	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	125	...	...	5.7	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	150	...	...	6.8	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	145	...	...	6.6	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	145	...	...	6.6	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	135	...	...	6.1	...	...
$100,000 and over	960	...	...	43.6	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	280	...	...	12.7	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	200	...	...	9.1	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	250	...	...	11.4	...	...
$200,000 and over	230	...	...	10.5	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	2,200	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	35	...	...	1.6	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	15	...	...	0.7	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	30	...	...	1.4	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	50	...	...	2.3	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	85	...	...	3.9	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	60	...	...	2.7	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	70	...	...	3.2	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	75	...	...	3.4	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	85	...	...	3.9	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	80	...	...	3.6	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	160	...	...	7.3	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	190	...	...	8.6	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	160	...	...	7.3	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	160	...	...	7.3	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	135	...	...	6.1	...	...
$100,000 and over	800	...	...	36.4	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	305	...	...	13.9	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	180	...	...	8.2	...	...
$150,000 and over	315	...	...	14.3	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	1,605	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	107,000	...	...	107,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	94,000	...	...	94,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	900	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	95,000	...	...	95,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	84,000	...	...	84,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	525	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	133,000	...	...	133,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	116,000	...	...	116,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	3.9	...	...	3.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	125	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	74,000	...	...	74,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	65,500	...	...	65,500	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	755	430	325	...	...	...
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	39,600	43,200	38,000	39,600	43,200	38,000
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	36,800	38,400	34,800	36,800	38,400	34,800
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	1,600	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	118,100	...	...	118,100	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	99,300	...	...	99,300	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	895	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	104,800	...	...	104,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	87,600	...	...	87,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	510	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	147,500	...	...	147,500	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	126,000	...	...	126,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	150	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	80,000	...	...	80,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	67,000	...	...	67,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	780	450	330	...	...	...
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	57,600	52,400	64,800	57,600	52,400	64,800
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	45,800	44,000	48,400	45,800	44,000	48,400
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	5,120	2,625	2,495	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	765	400	365	14.9	15.2	14.6
0 to 5 years	195	110	90	3.8	4.2	3.6
18 to 64 years	3,120	1,585	1,535	60.9	60.4	61.5
65 years and over	1,235	640	595	24.1	24.4	23.8
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	490	255	235	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	60	30	30	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	15	5	10	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	290	155	135	...	...	...
65 years and over	135	70	65	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	9.6	9.7	9.4	9.6	9.7	9.4
0 to 17 years (%)	7.6	6.8	8.5	7.6	6.8	8.5
0 to 5 years (%)	7.0	6.0	8.0	7.0	6.0	8.0
18 to 64 years (%)	9.4	9.8	9.0	9.4	9.8	9.0
65 years and over (%)	11.0	10.8	11.2	11.0	10.8	11.2
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	5,120	2,630	2,490	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	765	400	365	14.9	15.2	14.7
0 to 5 years	195	110	85	3.8	4.2	3.4
18 to 64 years	3,120	1,585	1,535	60.9	60.3	61.6
65 years and over	1,235	645	590	24.1	24.5	23.7
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	175	100	75	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	20	10	5	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	10	5	0	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	135	80	60	...	...	...
65 years and over	20	15	10	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	3.4	3.8	2.9	3.4	3.8	2.9
0 to 17 years (%)	2.4	2.5	2.0	2.4	2.5	2.0
0 to 5 years (%)	4.0	x	x	4.0	x	x
18 to 64 years (%)	4.4	5.0	3.7	4.4	5.0	3.7
65 years and over (%)	1.6	1.8	1.2	1.6	1.8	1.2
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	5,120	2,630	2,490	100.0	100.0	100.0
In bottom half of the distribution	2,220	1,140	1,085	43.4	43.3	43.6
In bottom decile	480	250	230	9.4	9.5	9.2
In second decile	395	200	195	7.7	7.6	7.8
In third decile	440	215	230	8.6	8.2	9.2
In fourth decile	445	230	215	8.7	8.7	8.6
In fifth decile	460	240	215	9.0	9.1	8.6
In top half of the distribution	2,895	1,490	1,410	56.5	56.7	56.6
In sixth decile	545	295	255	10.6	11.2	10.2
In seventh decile	520	265	255	10.2	10.1	10.2
In eighth decile	605	310	295	11.8	11.8	11.8
In ninth decile	590	295	290	11.5	11.2	11.6
In top decile	635	320	320	12.4	12.2	12.9
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	5,120	...	...	5,120	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.321	...	...	0.321	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.414	...	...	0.414	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.288	...	...	0.288	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.8	...	...	3.8	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	5,130	2,635	2,500	100.0	100.0	100.0
English only	4,690	2,435	2,260	91.4	92.4	90.4
French only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and French	430	195	240	8.4	7.4	9.6
Neither English nor French	10	5	5	0.2	0.2	0.2
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	5,130	2,635	2,500	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	5,050	2,590	2,455	98.4	98.3	98.2
French	60	25	35	1.2	0.9	1.4
English and French	10	10	5	0.2	0.4	0.2
Neither English nor French	10	5	5	0.2	0.2	0.2
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	5,130	2,635	2,500	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	5,065	2,595	2,465	98.7	98.5	98.6
Official languages	4,730	2,440	2,295	92.2	92.6	91.8
English	4,665	2,405	2,260	90.9	91.3	90.4
French	70	30	35	1.4	1.1	1.4
Non-official languages	330	160	175	6.4	6.1	7.0
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	330	155	175	6.4	5.9	7.0
Afro-Asiatic languages	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.2
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.2
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	5	5	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	5	5	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	10	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.4
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.2
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	260	130	130	5.1	4.9	5.2
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	65	40	30	1.3	1.5	1.2
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	65	35	30	1.3	1.3	1.2
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.2
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	30	20	15	0.6	0.8	0.6
Russian	10	5	5	0.2	0.2	0.2
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	5	5	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	5	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	5	5	5	0.1	0.2	0.2
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	120	50	65	2.3	1.9	2.6
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	80	35	45	1.6	1.3	1.8
German	75	35	40	1.5	1.3	1.6
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	5	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	30	15	15	0.6	0.6	0.6
Afrikaans	5	5	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Dutch	20	10	15	0.4	0.4	0.6
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	5	5	5	0.1	0.2	0.2
Danish	5	5	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.2
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.2
Indo-Iranian languages	15	10	5	0.3	0.4	0.2
Indo-Aryan languages	10	5	5	0.2	0.2	0.2
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	10	5	5	0.2	0.2	0.2
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	5	5	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	55	30	25	1.1	1.1	1.0
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	10	5	0	0.2	0.2	0.0
Portuguese	10	5	5	0.2	0.2	0.2
Romanian	10	5	5	0.2	0.2	0.2
Spanish	25	15	15	0.5	0.6	0.6
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	10	0	5	0.2	0.0	0.2
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	20	5	15	0.4	0.2	0.6
Chinese languages	20	5	15	0.4	0.2	0.6
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.2
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	10	10	5	0.2	0.4	0.2
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.2
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.2
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	20	10	10	0.4	0.4	0.4
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	10	0	5	0.2	0.0	0.2
Hungarian	5	5	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	70	40	30	1.4	1.5	1.2
English and French	20	10	5	0.4	0.4	0.2
English and non-official language(s)	50	25	20	1.0	0.9	0.8
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	5,130	2,635	2,500	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	4,810	2,470	2,335	93.8	93.7	93.4
French	10	0	5	0.2	0.0	0.2
Non-official language	45	25	20	0.9	0.9	0.8
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	45	25	20	0.9	0.9	0.8
English and French	40	20	20	0.8	0.8	0.8
English and non-official language(s)	220	115	110	4.3	4.4	4.4
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	10	5	10	0.2	0.2	0.4
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	5,130	2,635	2,500	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	5,085	2,615	2,475	99.1	99.2	99.0
Official languages	5,000	2,565	2,435	97.5	97.3	97.4
English	4,985	2,560	2,425	97.2	97.2	97.0
French	15	5	5	0.3	0.2	0.2
Non-official languages	90	45	40	1.8	1.7	1.6
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	90	45	40	1.8	1.7	1.6
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	70	40	30	1.4	1.5	1.2
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	15	5	10	0.3	0.2	0.4
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	15	5	10	0.3	0.2	0.4
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.2
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	30	20	15	0.6	0.8	0.6
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	15	10	5	0.3	0.4	0.2
German	15	10	5	0.3	0.4	0.2
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	15	5	5	0.3	0.2	0.2
Afrikaans	5	5	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Dutch	5	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.2
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.2
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	20	15	5	0.4	0.6	0.2
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	5	5	5	0.1	0.2	0.2
Spanish	15	10	5	0.3	0.4	0.2
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	15	10	10	0.3	0.4	0.4
Chinese languages	15	10	10	0.3	0.4	0.4
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	5	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	5	5	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	45	20	25	0.9	0.8	1.0
English and French	10	5	0	0.2	0.2	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	35	15	20	0.7	0.6	0.8
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	5,130	2,635	2,500	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	4,900	2,515	2,385	95.5	95.4	95.4
English	50	25	20	1.0	0.9	0.8
French	25	10	15	0.5	0.4	0.6
Non-official language	130	70	60	2.5	2.7	2.4
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	130	70	60	2.5	2.7	2.4
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.2
French and non-official language(s)	10	0	5	0.2	0.0	0.2
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	10	10	5	0.2	0.4	0.2
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	5,120	2,625	2,495	100.0	100.0	100.0
Official languages	5,110	2,620	2,490	99.8	99.8	99.8
English	5,110	2,620	2,490	99.8	99.8	99.8
French	425	180	245	8.3	6.9	9.8
Non-official languages	650	300	355	12.7	11.4	14.2
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	650	300	355	12.7	11.4	14.2
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	510	235	280	10.0	9.0	11.2
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	95	60	40	1.9	2.3	1.6
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	95	60	40	1.9	2.3	1.6
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	40	30	10	0.8	1.1	0.4
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	30	10	20	0.6	0.4	0.8
Russian	25	15	10	0.5	0.6	0.4
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	190	90	100	3.7	3.4	4.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	160	75	80	3.1	2.9	3.2
German	160	75	80	3.1	2.9	3.2
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	40	15	20	0.8	0.6	0.8
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	35	10	20	0.7	0.4	0.8
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	10	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.4
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	15	0	0	0.3	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	220	85	135	4.3	3.2	5.4
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	60	30	30	1.2	1.1	1.2
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	150	50	95	2.9	1.9	3.8
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	15	10	0	0.3	0.4	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	15	0	15	0.3	0.0	0.6
American Sign Language	15	0	15	0.3	0.0	0.6
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	55	20	35	1.1	0.8	1.4
Chinese languages	50	15	35	1.0	0.6	1.4
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	20	10	10	0.4	0.4	0.4
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	40	10	25	0.8	0.4	1.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	30	20	10	0.6	0.8	0.4
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	20	20	0	0.4	0.8	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	5,120	2,630	2,490	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	300	115	185	5.9	4.4	7.4
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	290	110	180	5.7	4.2	7.2
First Nations (North American Indian)	115	45	70	2.2	1.7	2.8
Métis	180	65	115	3.5	2.5	4.6
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous identity	4,820	2,515	2,305	94.1	95.6	92.6
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	5,120	2,630	2,490	100.0	100.0	100.0
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	65	30	35	1.3	1.1	1.4
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	5,055	2,600	2,455	98.7	98.9	98.6
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	2,200	...	...	100.0	...	...
Owner	1,920	...	...	87.3	...	...
Renter	280	...	...	12.7	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	2,200	...	...	100.0	...	...
Condominium	25	...	...	1.1	...	...
Not condominium	2,175	...	...	98.9	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	2,200	...	...	100.0	...	...
No bedrooms	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
1 bedroom	215	...	...	9.8	...	...
2 bedrooms	595	...	...	27.0	...	...
3 bedrooms	800	...	...	36.4	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	595	...	...	27.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	2,200	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	440	...	...	20.0	...	...
5 rooms	375	...	...	17.0	...	...
6 rooms	375	...	...	17.0	...	...
7 rooms	245	...	...	11.1	...	...
8 or more rooms	780	...	...	35.5	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.6	...	...	6.6	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	2,200	...	...	100.0	...	...
One person or fewer per room	2,180	...	...	99.1	...	...
More than one person per room	25	...	...	1.1	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	2,200	...	...	100.0	...	...
Suitable	2,140	...	...	97.3	...	...
Not suitable	60	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	2,200	...	...	100.0	...	...
1960 or before	150	...	...	6.8	...	...
1961 to 1980	500	...	...	22.7	...	...
1981 to 1990	275	...	...	12.5	...	...
1991 to 2000	575	...	...	26.1	...	...
2001 to 2005	165	...	...	7.5	...	...
2006 to 2010	205	...	...	9.3	...	...
2011 to 2015	150	...	...	6.8	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	170	...	...	7.7	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	2,200	...	...	100.0	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	2,035	...	...	92.5	...	...
Major repairs needed	170	...	...	7.7	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	2,200	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-maintainer household	925	...	...	42.0	...	...
Two-maintainer household	1,190	...	...	54.1	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	85	...	...	3.9	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	2,200	...	...	100.0	...	...
15 to 24 years	15	...	...	0.7	...	...
25 to 34 years	105	...	...	4.8	...	...
35 to 44 years	275	...	...	12.5	...	...
45 to 54 years	440	...	...	20.0	...	...
55 to 64 years	605	...	...	27.5	...	...
65 to 74 years	525	...	...	23.9	...	...
75 to 84 years	190	...	...	8.6	...	...
85 years and over	45	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	2,145	...	...	100.0	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	1,660	...	...	77.4	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	490	...	...	22.8	...	...
30% to less than 100%	415	...	...	19.3	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	2,200	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	650	...	...	29.5	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	420	...	...	19.1	...	...
Not suitable only	50	...	...	2.3	...	...
Major repairs needed only	110	...	...	5.0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	10	...	...	0.5	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	55	...	...	2.5	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Acceptable housing	1,555	...	...	70.7	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	2,075	...	...	100.0	...	...
In core need	195	...	...	9.4	...	...
Not in core need	1,880	...	...	90.6	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	1,885	...	...	...	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	60.2	...	...	60.2	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	20.4	...	...	20.4	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	7.2	...	...	7.2	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,390	...	...	1,390	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,596	...	...	1,596	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	850,000	...	...	850,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	916,000	...	...	916,000	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	280	...	...	...	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	0.0	...	...	0.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	39.3	...	...	39.3	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	25.5	...	...	25.5	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,080	...	...	1,080	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,280	...	...	1,280	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	...	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	5,120	2,625	2,495	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	35	15	15	0.7	0.6	0.6
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	35	15	15	0.7	0.6	0.6
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	10	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.4
Métis single ancestry	20	10	10	0.4	0.4	0.4
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	390	150	235	7.6	5.7	9.4
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	390	150	235	7.6	5.7	9.4
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	235	105	135	4.6	4.0	5.4
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	150	50	105	2.9	1.9	4.2
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	4,695	2,460	2,235	91.7	93.7	89.6
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	5,120	2,625	2,495	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	4,915	2,540	2,370	96.0	96.8	95.0
Canadian citizens aged under 18	735	400	330	14.4	15.2	13.2
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	4,180	2,145	2,040	81.6	81.7	81.8
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	210	85	120	4.1	3.2	4.8
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	5,120	2,625	2,495	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	4,280	2,235	2,045	83.6	85.1	82.0
Immigrants⁸¹	840	395	445	16.4	15.0	17.8
Before 1980	385	190	195	7.5	7.2	7.8
1980 to 1990	105	65	40	2.1	2.5	1.6
1991 to 2000	120	50	65	2.3	1.9	2.6
2001 to 2010	135	35	90	2.6	1.3	3.6
2011 to 2021⁸²	95	45	55	1.9	1.7	2.2
2011 to 2015	40	20	25	0.8	0.8	1.0
2016 to 2021	50	20	25	1.0	0.8	1.0
Non-permanent residents⁸³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	835	395	445	100.0	100.0	100.0
Under 5 years	130	80	55	15.6	20.3	12.4
5 to 14 years	150	70	75	18.0	17.7	16.9
15 to 24 years	90	55	40	10.8	13.9	9.0
25 to 44 years	360	145	215	43.1	36.7	48.3
45 years and over	110	40	65	13.2	10.1	14.6
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	835	395	445	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	160	60	100	19.2	15.2	22.5
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
El Salvador	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyana	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	120	35	80	14.4	8.9	18.0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Europe	515	245	265	61.7	62.0	59.6
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	10	0	10	1.2	0.0	2.2
Germany	100	45	60	12.0	11.4	13.5
Greece	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	20	20	0	2.4	5.1	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Netherlands	40	20	20	4.8	5.1	4.5
Poland	10	0	0	1.2	0.0	0.0
Portugal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	255	110	145	30.5	27.8	32.6
Other places of birth in Europe	70	45	25	8.4	11.4	5.6
Africa	15	10	0	1.8	2.5	0.0
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	10	0	0	1.2	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	10	10	0	1.2	2.5	0.0
Asia	95	50	50	11.4	12.7	11.2
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	30	20	15	3.6	5.1	3.4
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	10	0	0	1.2	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	15	0	10	1.8	0.0	2.2
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	25	15	10	3.0	3.8	2.2
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	45	30	20	5.4	7.6	4.5
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	50	25	25	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	15	0	10	30.0	0.0	40.0
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Europe	25	10	15	50.0	40.0	60.0
France	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	10	0	0	20.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asia	15	10	0	30.0	40.0	0.0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	5,120	2,630	2,490	100.0	100.0	100.0
First generation¹⁰⁰	885	420	460	17.3	16.0	18.5
Second generation¹⁰¹	945	525	425	18.5	20.0	17.1
Third generation or more¹⁰²	3,290	1,680	1,610	64.3	63.9	64.7
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	455	205	250	100.0	100.0	100.0
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	250	115	140	54.9	56.1	56.0
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	130	60	65	28.6	29.3	26.0
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	125	45	75	27.5	22.0	30.0
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	165	60	105	36.3	29.3	42.0
Refugees¹⁰⁸	30	25	0	6.6	12.2	0.0
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	455	205	250	100.0	100.0	100.0
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	75	35	40	16.5	17.1	16.0
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	25	15	10	5.5	7.3	4.0
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	10	0	10	2.2	0.0	4.0
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	340	145	190	74.7	70.7	76.0
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	5,120	2,630	2,490	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	175	100	75	3.4	3.8	3.0
South Asian	30	20	10	0.6	0.8	0.4
Chinese	55	20	35	1.1	0.8	1.4
Black	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Filipino	20	15	0	0.4	0.6	0.0
Arab	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latin American	15	0	0	0.3	0.0	0.0
Southeast Asian	30	25	0	0.6	1.0	0.0
West Asian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	15	10	0	0.3	0.4	0.0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple visible minorities	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	4,945	2,530	2,420	96.6	96.2	97.2
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	5,120	2,625	2,495	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian	660	360	300	12.9	13.7	12.0
English	1,715	855	855	33.5	32.6	34.3
Irish	845	375	475	16.5	14.3	19.0
Scottish	1,315	680	635	25.7	25.9	25.5
French, n.o.s.¹²²	430	215	215	8.4	8.2	8.6
German	655	295	360	12.8	11.2	14.4
Chinese	60	20	40	1.2	0.8	1.6
Italian	140	80	60	2.7	3.0	2.4
Indian (India)	20	10	10	0.4	0.4	0.4
Ukrainian	270	120	145	5.3	4.6	5.8
Dutch	285	145	140	5.6	5.5	5.6
Polish	115	40	75	2.2	1.5	3.0
Québécois	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	325	150	170	6.3	5.7	6.8
Filipino	15	10	0	0.3	0.4	0.0
French Canadian	40	15	30	0.8	0.6	1.2
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	165	105	55	3.2	4.0	2.2
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	90	20	70	1.8	0.8	2.8
Métis	175	60	115	3.4	2.3	4.6
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	280	165	120	5.5	6.3	4.8
Russian	120	55	65	2.3	2.1	2.6
Norwegian	170	80	90	3.3	3.0	3.6
Welsh	155	75	85	3.0	2.9	3.4
Portuguese	35	25	15	0.7	1.0	0.6
American	110	35	75	2.1	1.3	3.0
Spanish	50	15	30	1.0	0.6	1.2
Swedish	185	85	100	3.6	3.2	4.0
Hungarian	70	45	25	1.4	1.7	1.0
Acadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	20	10	10	0.4	0.4	0.4
Jewish	20	10	10	0.4	0.4	0.4
Punjabi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	20	10	10	0.4	0.4	0.4
Jamaican	15	0	10	0.3	0.0	0.4
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	40	20	25	0.8	0.8	1.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	15	0	15	0.3	0.0	0.6
Lebanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	95	40	55	1.9	1.5	2.2
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	80	50	30	1.6	1.9	1.2
Sikh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austrian	50	15	40	1.0	0.6	1.6
Belgian	15	0	10	0.3	0.0	0.4
Haitian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexican	15	15	0	0.3	0.6	0.0
Mennonite	15	10	0	0.3	0.4	0.0
Swiss	15	10	15	0.3	0.4	0.6
Finnish	30	20	15	0.6	0.8	0.6
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	25	10	15	0.5	0.4	0.6
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	100	55	45	2.0	2.1	1.8
Muslim	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egyptian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	80	30	45	1.6	1.1	1.8
Colombian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moroccan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	65	30	40	1.3	1.1	1.6
Syrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afghan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Konger	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	25	10	15	0.5	0.4	0.6
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australian	55	30	20	1.1	1.1	0.8
Palestinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chilean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congolese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peruvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	35	20	20	0.7	0.8	0.8
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Canadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israeli	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albertan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African American	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	10	10	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
Cuban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Laotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Irish	15	10	0	0.3	0.4	0.0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
British Columbian	30	25	0	0.6	1.0	0.0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Argentinian	10	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.4
Estonian	15	0	15	0.3	0.0	0.6
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jatt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dominican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Byelorussian	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Abenaki	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Zealander	20	10	10	0.4	0.4	0.4
Sudanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Breton	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gaspesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norman	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Manitoban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Honduran	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cherokee	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Flemish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Goan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamileke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Libyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Basque	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igorot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guinean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maliseet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Beninese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Roma	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tajik	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amhara	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	5,120	2,630	2,490	100.0	100.0	100.0
Buddhist	50	15	30	1.0	0.6	1.2
Christian	1,235	600	630	24.1	22.8	25.3
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	350	175	175	6.8	6.7	7.0
Anabaptist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anglican	205	100	95	4.0	3.8	3.8
Baptist	50	20	30	1.0	0.8	1.2
Catholic	300	135	170	5.9	5.1	6.8
Christian Orthodox	15	0	10	0.3	0.0	0.4
Jehovah's Witness	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
Latter Day Saints	20	10	10	0.4	0.4	0.4
Lutheran	50	25	25	1.0	1.0	1.0
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	30	10	15	0.6	0.4	0.6
Presbyterian	15	10	0	0.3	0.4	0.0
Reformed	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Church	135	65	75	2.6	2.5	3.0
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	40	25	15	0.8	1.0	0.6
Hindu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jewish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Muslim	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sikh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	55	25	30	1.1	1.0	1.2
No religion and secular perspectives	3,755	1,970	1,785	73.3	74.9	71.7
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	5,095	2,620	2,475	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	4,675	2,410	2,260	91.8	92.0	91.3
Movers	420	205	210	8.2	7.8	8.5
Non-migrants	215	115	95	4.2	4.4	3.8
Migrants	210	95	115	4.1	3.6	4.6
Internal migrants	185	85	95	3.6	3.2	3.8
Intraprovincial migrants	165	80	85	3.2	3.1	3.4
Interprovincial migrants	20	0	15	0.4	0.0	0.6
External migrants	25	10	20	0.5	0.4	0.8
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	4,955	2,540	2,415	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	3,135	1,685	1,455	63.3	66.3	60.2
Movers	1,820	860	960	36.7	33.9	39.8
Non-migrants	250	145	110	5.0	5.7	4.6
Migrants	1,565	715	850	31.6	28.1	35.2
Internal migrants	1,490	680	810	30.1	26.8	33.5
Intraprovincial migrants	1,235	560	675	24.9	22.0	28.0
Interprovincial migrants	255	120	135	5.1	4.7	5.6
External migrants	75	35	40	1.5	1.4	1.7
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	4,515	2,300	2,210	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	725	435	290	16.1	18.9	13.1
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	3,785	1,870	1,920	83.8	81.3	86.9
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	2,885	1,455	1,435	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	385	255	130	13.3	17.5	9.1
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	2,500	1,200	1,300	86.7	82.5	90.6
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	4,515	2,305	2,210	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	605	360	245	13.4	15.6	11.1
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	1,470	725	740	32.6	31.5	33.5
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,440	1,220	1,220	54.0	52.9	55.2
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,445	810	635	32.0	35.1	28.7
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	470	385	85	10.4	16.7	3.8
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	135	75	60	3.0	3.3	2.7
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	335	315	25	7.4	13.7	1.1
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	825	365	460	18.3	15.8	20.8
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	150	60	90	3.3	2.6	4.1
Bachelor's degree or higher	995	405	590	22.0	17.6	26.7
Bachelor's degree	565	195	365	12.5	8.5	16.5
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	80	30	50	1.8	1.3	2.3
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	30	25	0	0.7	1.1	0.0
Master's degree	280	125	150	6.2	5.4	6.8
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	45	25	20	1.0	1.1	0.9
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	2,880	1,455	1,430	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	290	190	105	10.1	13.1	7.3
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	900	425	475	31.3	29.2	33.2
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,690	840	850	58.7	57.7	59.4
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,095	620	470	38.0	42.6	32.9
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	375	315	60	13.0	21.6	4.2
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	100	60	45	3.5	4.1	3.1
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	275	260	20	9.5	17.9	1.4
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	590	260	330	20.5	17.9	23.1
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	125	45	75	4.3	3.1	5.2
Bachelor's degree or higher	600	215	385	20.8	14.8	26.9
Bachelor's degree	355	115	240	12.3	7.9	16.8
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	55	10	40	1.9	0.7	2.8
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	15	15	0	0.5	1.0	0.0
Master's degree	145	65	85	5.0	4.5	5.9
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	30	15	15	1.0	1.0	1.0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	4,510	2,305	2,205	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	2,070	1,085	985	45.9	47.1	44.7
Education	165	30	135	3.7	1.3	6.1
13. Education	165	30	135	3.7	1.3	6.1
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	110	40	70	2.4	1.7	3.2
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	15	0	10	0.3	0.0	0.5
50. Visual and performing arts	95	40	60	2.1	1.7	2.7
Humanities	110	45	65	2.4	2.0	2.9
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	10	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.5
23. English language and literature/letters	30	10	20	0.7	0.4	0.9
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	30	10	15	0.7	0.4	0.7
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	20	10	10	0.4	0.4	0.5
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
54. History	15	0	15	0.3	0.0	0.7
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	320	115	210	7.1	5.0	9.5
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	35	10	25	0.8	0.4	1.1
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	35	0	35	0.8	0.0	1.6
22. Legal professions and studies	30	0	15	0.7	0.0	0.7
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	20	0	15	0.4	0.0	0.7
42. Psychology	75	30	55	1.7	1.3	2.5
45. Social sciences	120	60	65	2.7	2.6	2.9
Business, management and public administration	300	110	190	6.7	4.8	8.6
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	30	0	25	0.7	0.0	1.1
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	275	105	170	6.1	4.6	7.7
Physical and life sciences and technologies	105	60	50	2.3	2.6	2.3
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	50	30	25	1.1	1.3	1.1
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	30	10	20	0.7	0.4	0.9
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
40. Physical sciences	20	20	0	0.4	0.9	0.0
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	55	35	15	1.2	1.5	0.7
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	40	25	15	0.9	1.1	0.7
25. Library science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
27. Mathematics and statistics	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	630	580	55	14.0	25.2	2.5
04. Architecture and related services	30	20	10	0.7	0.9	0.5
14. Engineering	75	70	0	1.7	3.0	0.0
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	125	105	20	2.8	4.6	0.9
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	200	195	0	4.4	8.5	0.0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	125	115	10	2.8	5.0	0.5
48. Precision production	80	75	0	1.8	3.3	0.0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	100	45	50	2.2	2.0	2.3
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	40	20	25	0.9	0.9	1.1
03. Natural resources and conservation	55	30	25	1.2	1.3	1.1
Health and related fields	410	80	330	9.1	3.5	15.0
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	10	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.5
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	385	65	320	8.5	2.8	14.5
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Personal, protective and transportation services	135	85	50	3.0	3.7	2.3
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	75	30	40	1.7	1.3	1.8
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	25	20	0	0.6	0.9	0.0
49. Transportation and materials moving	30	25	0	0.7	1.1	0.0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	2,885	1,450	1,430	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	1,190	615	580	41.2	42.4	40.6
Education	80	15	60	2.8	1.0	4.2
13. Education	80	15	60	2.8	1.0	4.2
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	65	30	35	2.3	2.1	2.4
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	15	0	10	0.5	0.0	0.7
50. Visual and performing arts	55	25	25	1.9	1.7	1.7
Humanities	70	25	40	2.4	1.7	2.8
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	25	10	15	0.9	0.7	1.0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	15	10	0	0.5	0.7	0.0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
54. History	10	0	10	0.3	0.0	0.7
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	220	65	155	7.6	4.5	10.8
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	25	0	25	0.9	0.0	1.7
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	20	0	20	0.7	0.0	1.4
22. Legal professions and studies	20	0	15	0.7	0.0	1.0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	20	0	15	0.7	0.0	1.0
42. Psychology	50	15	35	1.7	1.0	2.4
45. Social sciences	85	35	50	2.9	2.4	3.5
Business, management and public administration	225	75	150	7.8	5.2	10.5
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	25	0	20	0.9	0.0	1.4
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	205	70	135	7.1	4.8	9.4
Physical and life sciences and technologies	55	30	20	1.9	2.1	1.4
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	30	20	10	1.0	1.4	0.7
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	15	0	10	0.5	0.0	0.7
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	35	30	10	1.2	2.1	0.7
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	35	25	10	1.2	1.7	0.7
25. Library science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	475	430	45	16.5	29.7	3.1
04. Architecture and related services	15	10	10	0.5	0.7	0.7
14. Engineering	45	45	0	1.6	3.1	0.0
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	100	85	20	3.5	5.9	1.4
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	155	150	0	5.4	10.3	0.0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	90	85	10	3.1	5.9	0.7
48. Precision production	70	60	0	2.4	4.1	0.0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	75	30	45	2.6	2.1	3.1
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	30	15	20	1.0	1.0	1.4
03. Natural resources and conservation	45	15	25	1.6	1.0	1.7
Health and related fields	285	45	240	9.9	3.1	16.8
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	10	0	0	0.3	0.0	0.0
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	275	40	235	9.5	2.8	16.4
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Personal, protective and transportation services	95	60	35	3.3	4.1	2.4
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	50	25	30	1.7	1.7	2.1
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	10	0	0	0.3	0.0	0.0
49. Transportation and materials moving	25	20	0	0.9	1.4	0.0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	2,885	1,450	1,430	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,190	615	580	41.2	42.4	40.6
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	1,690	840	855	58.6	57.9	59.8
Location of study inside Canada	1,495	750	740	51.8	51.7	51.7
Same as province or territory of residence	1,130	565	560	39.2	39.0	39.2
Different than province or territory of residence	365	185	175	12.7	12.8	12.2
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	195	85	110	6.8	5.9	7.7
Americas	80	45	40	2.8	3.1	2.8
United States of America	70	45	25	2.4	3.1	1.7
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Europe	85	25	55	2.9	1.7	3.8
Belgium	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Switzerland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	50	20	30	1.7	1.4	2.1
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Europe	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asia	15	0	15	0.5	0.0	1.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Zealand	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	4,515	2,305	2,210	...	...	...
In the labour force	2,700	1,410	1,290	...	...	...
Employed	2,515	1,305	1,210	...	...	...
Unemployed	180	105	75	...	...	...
Not in the labour force	1,815	890	920	...	...	...
Participation rate	59.8	61.2	58.4	59.8	61.2	58.4
Employment rate	55.7	56.6	54.8	55.7	56.6	54.8
Unemployment rate	6.7	7.4	5.8	6.7	7.4	5.8
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	4,510	2,305	2,205	100.0	100.0	100.0
Did not work¹⁸⁶	1,685	815	875	37.4	35.4	39.7
Worked	2,825	1,485	1,340	62.6	64.4	60.8
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	1,475	825	650	32.7	35.8	29.5
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	1,350	665	690	29.9	28.9	31.3
Average weeks worked in reference year	41.8	41.8	41.7	41.8	41.8	41.7
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	2,695	1,410	1,285	100.0	100.0	100.0
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	30	20	15	1.1	1.4	1.2
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	2,665	1,395	1,275	98.9	98.9	99.2
Employee	1,845	830	1,015	68.5	58.9	79.0
Permanent position	1,595	740	855	59.2	52.5	66.5
Temporary position	250	90	160	9.3	6.4	12.5
Fixed term (1 year or more)	75	35	45	2.8	2.5	3.5
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	175	55	120	6.5	3.9	9.3
Self-employed¹⁹²	820	560	255	30.4	39.7	19.8
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	2,695	1,410	1,285	100.0	100.0	100.0
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	30	20	15	1.1	1.4	1.2
All occupations¹⁹¹	2,665	1,395	1,275	98.9	98.9	99.2
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	80	50	35	3.0	3.5	2.7
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	405	95	305	15.0	6.7	23.7
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	170	120	50	6.3	8.5	3.9
3 Health occupations	210	45	165	7.8	3.2	12.8
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	265	100	165	9.8	7.1	12.8
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	130	70	60	4.8	5.0	4.7
6 Sales and service occupations	565	195	370	21.0	13.8	28.8
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	630	550	80	23.4	39.0	6.2
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	115	75	35	4.3	5.3	2.7
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	90	90	0	3.3	6.4	0.0
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	2,695	1,410	1,285	100.0	100.0	100.0
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	30	20	15	1.1	1.4	1.2
All industries¹⁹¹	2,665	1,395	1,275	98.9	98.9	99.2
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	110	65	45	4.1	4.6	3.5
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
22 Utilities	10	10	0	0.4	0.7	0.0
23 Construction	425	375	45	15.8	26.6	3.5
31-33 Manufacturing	160	130	25	5.9	9.2	1.9
41 Wholesale trade	45	30	15	1.7	2.1	1.2
44-45 Retail trade	235	80	155	8.7	5.7	12.1
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	120	65	55	4.5	4.6	4.3
51 Information and cultural industries	25	10	15	0.9	0.7	1.2
52 Finance and insurance	55	20	35	2.0	1.4	2.7
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	50	20	25	1.9	1.4	1.9
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	195	95	105	7.2	6.7	8.2
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	130	90	40	4.8	6.4	3.1
61 Educational services	165	60	105	6.1	4.3	8.2
62 Health care and social assistance	305	65	235	11.3	4.6	18.3
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	90	45	45	3.3	3.2	3.5
72 Accommodation and food services	195	45	145	7.2	3.2	11.3
81 Other services (except public administration)	130	70	60	4.8	5.0	4.7
91 Public administration	220	110	115	8.2	7.8	8.9
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	2,975	1,580	1,395	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	2,915	1,565	1,350	98.0	99.1	96.8
French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-official language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and French	20	0	15	0.7	0.0	1.1
English and non-official language(s)	40	15	25	1.3	0.9	1.8
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	2,975	1,580	1,395	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	2,955	1,580	1,380	99.3	100.0	98.9
Official languages	2,955	1,580	1,375	99.3	100.0	98.6
English	2,950	1,580	1,370	99.2	100.0	98.2
French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	25	0	20	0.8	0.0	1.4
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	15	0	10	0.5	0.0	0.7
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	2,975	1,580	1,395	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	2,940	1,570	1,370	98.8	99.4	98.2
English	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French	10	0	0	0.3	0.0	0.0
Non-official language	20	10	15	0.7	0.6	1.1
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	20	10	15	0.7	0.6	1.1
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	2,520	1,305	1,210	100.0	100.0	100.0
Worked at home	620	280	345	24.6	21.5	28.5
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
No fixed workplace address	520	415	110	20.6	31.8	9.1
Usual place of work	1,375	610	765	54.6	46.7	63.2
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	1,375	610	760	100.0	100.0	100.0
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	200	100	100	14.5	16.4	13.2
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	1,150	490	660	83.6	80.3	86.8
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	25	20	0	1.8	3.3	0.0
Commute to a different province or territory	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	1,895	1,025	875	100.0	100.0	100.0
Car, truck or van	1,755	955	800	92.6	93.2	91.4
Car, truck or van - as a driver	1,695	935	760	89.4	91.2	86.9
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	55	15	40	2.9	1.5	4.6
Public transit	40	0	35	2.1	0.0	4.0
Walked	55	40	15	2.9	3.9	1.7
Bicycle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other method	45	25	20	2.4	2.4	2.3
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	1,895	1,025	875	100.0	100.0	100.0
Less than 15 minutes	350	160	195	18.5	15.6	22.3
15 to 29 minutes	400	230	165	21.1	22.4	18.9
30 to 44 minutes	550	285	265	29.0	27.8	30.3
45 to 59 minutes	295	170	125	15.6	16.6	14.3
60 minutes and over	300	170	120	15.8	16.6	13.7
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	1,895	1,025	875	100.0	100.0	100.0
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	250	150	100	13.2	14.6	11.4
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	325	175	150	17.2	17.1	17.1
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	455	280	180	24.0	27.3	20.6
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	405	195	215	21.4	19.0	24.6
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	205	100	105	10.8	9.8	12.0
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	250	125	125	13.2	12.2	14.3
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	775	405	370	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	65	35	30	8.4	8.6	8.1
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	705	375	335	91.0	92.6	90.5
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	605	315	295	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	50	30	25	8.3	9.5	8.5
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	15	10	5	2.5	3.2	1.7
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	40	20	20	6.6	6.3	6.8
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	555	285	270	91.7	90.5	91.5

Symbol legend

...
not applicable
^r
revised
x
suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 30, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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