Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	Southern Gulf Islands, Regional district electoral area (RDA)More information: British Columbia [Census subdivision]
	Counts			Rates
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	6,101	...	...	...	...	...
Population, 2016¹	4,732	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	28.9	...	...	28.9	...	...
Total private dwellings²	5,151	...	...	...	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	3,180	...	...	...	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	31.9	...	...	31.9	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	191.08	...	...	...	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	6,100	3,040	3,060	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	470	235	235	7.7	7.7	7.7
0 to 4 years	145	70	70	2.4	2.3	2.3
5 to 9 years	155	80	75	2.5	2.6	2.5
10 to 14 years	180	90	90	3.0	3.0	2.9
15 to 64 years	3,040	1,465	1,575	49.8	48.2	51.5
15 to 19 years	185	75	105	3.0	2.5	3.4
20 to 24 years	110	50	65	1.8	1.6	2.1
25 to 29 years	130	55	75	2.1	1.8	2.5
30 to 34 years	220	125	95	3.6	4.1	3.1
35 to 39 years	250	115	135	4.1	3.8	4.4
40 to 44 years	290	145	150	4.8	4.8	4.9
45 to 49 years	295	140	150	4.8	4.6	4.9
50 to 54 years	385	190	195	6.3	6.3	6.4
55 to 59 years	480	225	250	7.9	7.4	8.2
60 to 64 years	705	345	355	11.6	11.3	11.6
65 years and over	2,585	1,335	1,250	42.4	43.9	40.8
65 to 69 years	805	420	390	13.2	13.8	12.7
70 to 74 years	865	435	425	14.2	14.3	13.9
75 to 79 years	490	250	240	8.0	8.2	7.8
80 to 84 years	250	145	105	4.1	4.8	3.4
85 years and over	175	90	90	2.9	3.0	2.9
85 to 89 years	120	65	55	2.0	2.1	1.8
90 to 94 years	45	20	25	0.7	0.7	0.8
95 to 99 years	10	5	5	0.2	0.2	0.2
100 years and over	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.2
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	7.7	7.7	7.7	7.7	7.7	7.7
15 to 64 years	49.8	48.2	51.5	49.8	48.2	51.5
65 years and over	42.4	43.9	40.8	42.4	43.9	40.8
85 years and over	2.9	3.0	2.9	2.9	3.0	2.9
Average age of the population	55.5	56.0	55.0	55.5	56.0	55.0
Median age of the population	61.6	62.4	61.2	61.6	62.4	61.2
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	3,180	...	...	100.0	...	...
Single-detached house	3,030	...	...	95.3	...	...
Semi-detached house	10	...	...	0.3	...	...
Row house	10	...	...	0.3	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	25	...	...	0.8	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	10	...	...	0.3	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Other single-attached house	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	90	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	3,180	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 person	1,210	...	...	38.1	...	...
2 persons	1,450	...	...	45.6	...	...
3 persons	280	...	...	8.8	...	...
4 persons	160	...	...	5.0	...	...
5 or more persons	85	...	...	2.7	...	...
Number of persons in private households	6,035	3,010	3,025	100.0	100.0	100.0
Average household size	1.9	...	...	1.9	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	5,630	2,800	2,825	100.0	100.0	100.0
Married or living common-law	3,615	1,825	1,790	64.2	65.2	63.4
Married	2,780	1,390	1,385	49.4	49.6	49.0
Living common-law	835	430	405	14.8	15.4	14.3
Living common law - Never married	500	265	235	8.9	9.5	8.3
Living common law - Separated	35	20	20	0.6	0.7	0.7
Living common law - Divorced	285	135	145	5.1	4.8	5.1
Living common law - Widowed	15	5	10	0.3	0.2	0.4
Not married and not living common-law	2,015	975	1,035	35.8	34.8	36.6
Not married and not living common law - Never married	960	540	425	17.1	19.3	15.0
Not married and not living common law - Separated	150	95	60	2.7	3.4	2.1
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	555	265	290	9.9	9.5	10.3
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	345	85	260	6.1	3.0	9.2
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	1,905	...	...	100.0	...	...
2 persons	1,490	...	...	78.2	...	...
3 persons	235	...	...	12.3	...	...
4 persons	135	...	...	7.1	...	...
5 or more persons	45	...	...	2.4	...	...
Average size of census families	2.4	...	...	2.4	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.5	...	...	1.5	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	1,910	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total couple families	1,750	...	...	91.6	...	...
Married couples	1,330	...	...	69.6	...	...
With children⁶	295	...	...	15.4	...	...
Without children	1,035	...	...	54.2	...	...
Common-law couples	415	...	...	21.7	...	...
With children⁶	85	...	...	4.5	...	...
Without children	335	...	...	17.5	...	...
Total one-parent families	160	...	...	8.4	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	110	...	...	5.8	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	50	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	6,035	3,010	3,030	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total - Persons in census families	4,480	2,225	2,255	74.2	73.9	74.4
Married spouses or common-law partners	3,500	1,765	1,735	58.0	58.6	57.3
Parents in one-parent families	155	50	105	2.6	1.7	3.5
Children⁶	820	410	415	13.6	13.6	13.7
In a two-parent family	605	310	290	10.0	10.3	9.6
In a one-parent family	220	95	120	3.6	3.2	4.0
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	1,555	785	775	25.8	26.1	25.6
Living alone	1,205	590	620	20.0	19.6	20.5
Living with other relatives⁷	85	40	45	1.4	1.3	1.5
Living with non-relatives only	265	155	110	4.4	5.1	3.6
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	3,180	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	1,735	...	...	54.6	...	...
Couple-family households	1,605	...	...	50.5	...	...
With children⁶	335	...	...	10.5	...	...
Without children	1,265	...	...	39.8	...	...
One-parent-family households	130	...	...	4.1	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	35	...	...	1.1	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	20	...	...	0.6	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	85	...	...	2.7	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	105	...	...	3.3	...	...
One-person households	1,205	...	...	37.9	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	5,565	2,775	2,795	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	5,475	2,730	2,750	98.4	98.4	98.4
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	35,600	39,600	32,400	35,600	39,600	32,400
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	5,480	2,730	2,750	98.5	98.4	98.4
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	33,200	36,800	30,400	33,200	36,800	30,400
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	5,045	2,520	2,525	90.7	90.8	90.3
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	25,600	30,200	22,800	25,600	30,200	22,800
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	3,225	1,650	1,575	58.0	59.5	56.4
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	18,000	21,000	15,100	18,000	21,000	15,100
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	4,710	2,320	2,390	84.6	83.6	85.5
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	14,200	14,700	14,000	14,200	14,700	14,000
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	235	110	125	4.2	4.0	4.5
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,040	5,480	4,720	5,040	5,480	4,720
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	1,115	585	535	20.0	21.1	19.1
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,500	8,500	9,000	8,500	8,500	9,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	5,585	2,770	2,815	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	5,510	2,750	2,765	98.7	99.3	98.2
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	52,000	57,400	46,640	52,000	57,400	46,640
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	5,515	2,750	2,765	98.7	99.3	98.2
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	43,240	47,200	39,280	43,240	47,200	39,280
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	5,075	2,555	2,520	90.9	92.2	89.5
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	43,680	48,920	38,400	43,680	48,920	38,400
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	3,245	1,655	1,590	58.1	59.7	56.5
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	40,360	46,120	34,400	40,360	46,120	34,400
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	4,835	2,420	2,410	86.6	87.4	85.6
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	13,460	13,560	13,360	13,460	13,560	13,360
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	260	125	130	4.7	4.5	4.6
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,400	6,300	6,500	6,400	6,300	6,500
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	1,225	640	590	21.9	23.1	21.0
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	9,660	9,440	9,880	9,660	9,440	9,880
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	5,585	2,770	2,815	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	840	475	365	15.0	17.1	13.0
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	62,000	62,000	58,800	62,000	62,000	58,800
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	91,000	99,600	79,600	91,000	99,600	79,600
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	1,795	850	950	32.1	30.7	33.7
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	14,600	17,200	13,300	14,600	17,200	13,300
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	24,280	26,350	22,400	24,280	26,350	22,400
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	77.2	79.2	75.0	77.2	79.2	75.0
Employment income (%)¹⁹	45.7	48.4	42.4	45.7	48.4	42.4
Government transfers (%)²⁰	22.7	20.8	25.0	22.7	20.8	25.0
Employment insurance benefits (%)	0.6	0.5	0.7	0.6	0.5	0.7
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	5.3	4.8	5.8	5.3	4.8	5.8
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	4.1	3.8	4.5	4.1	3.8	4.5
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	5,570	2,770	2,795	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without total income	90	45	45	1.6	1.6	1.6
With total income	5,475	2,730	2,745	98.3	98.6	98.2
Under $10,000 (including loss)	445	185	265	8.1	6.8	9.7
$10,000 to $19,999	755	325	430	13.8	11.9	15.7
$20,000 to $29,999	1,085	510	580	19.8	18.7	21.1
$30,000 to $39,999	740	345	395	13.5	12.6	14.4
$40,000 to $49,999	585	280	300	10.7	10.3	10.9
$50,000 to $59,999	465	250	215	8.5	9.2	7.8
$60,000 to $69,999	325	180	145	5.9	6.6	5.3
$70,000 to $79,999	245	140	105	4.5	5.1	3.8
$80,000 to $89,999	165	100	65	3.0	3.7	2.4
$90,000 to $99,999	140	80	55	2.6	2.9	2.0
$100,000 and over	530	330	195	9.7	12.1	7.1
$100,000 to $149,999	290	165	130	5.3	6.0	4.7
$150,000 and over	235	165	65	4.3	6.0	2.4
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	5,570	2,770	2,795	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without after-tax income	90	40	45	1.6	1.4	1.6
With after-tax income	5,480	2,730	2,745	98.4	98.6	98.2
Under $10,000 (including loss)	490	200	295	8.9	7.3	10.7
$10,000 to $19,999	800	355	450	14.6	13.0	16.4
$20,000 to $29,999	1,165	545	615	21.3	20.0	22.4
$30,000 to $39,999	835	400	435	15.2	14.7	15.8
$40,000 to $49,999	660	325	335	12.0	11.9	12.2
$50,000 to $59,999	425	240	185	7.8	8.8	6.7
$60,000 to $69,999	305	175	135	5.6	6.4	4.9
$70,000 to $79,999	200	115	85	3.6	4.2	3.1
$80,000 to $89,999	150	90	65	2.7	3.3	2.4
$90,000 to $99,999	95	55	40	1.7	2.0	1.5
$100,000 and over	335	230	105	6.1	8.4	3.8
$100,000 to $124,999	130	85	50	2.4	3.1	1.8
$125,000 and over	200	150	55	3.6	5.5	2.0
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	5,570	2,770	2,795	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without employment income	2,335	1,120	1,220	41.9	40.4	43.6
With employment income	3,230	1,650	1,580	58.0	59.6	56.5
Under $5,000 (including loss)	865	420	450	26.8	25.5	28.5
$5,000 to $9,999	360	165	195	11.1	10.0	12.3
$10,000 to $19,999	445	215	230	13.8	13.0	14.6
$20,000 to $29,999	325	155	170	10.1	9.4	10.8
$30,000 to $39,999	220	110	115	6.8	6.7	7.3
$40,000 to $49,999	200	115	85	6.2	7.0	5.4
$50,000 to $59,999	155	85	75	4.8	5.2	4.7
$60,000 to $69,999	110	65	45	3.4	3.9	2.8
$70,000 to $79,999	85	45	35	2.6	2.7	2.2
$80,000 to $89,999	70	45	25	2.2	2.7	1.6
$90,000 to $99,999	75	40	35	2.3	2.4	2.2
$100,000 and over	310	195	115	9.6	11.8	7.3
$100,000 to $124,999	135	70	60	4.2	4.2	3.8
$125,000 and over	180	125	50	5.6	7.6	3.2
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	5,565	2,775	2,795	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	5,360	2,675	2,690	96.3	96.4	96.2
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	34,400	38,800	31,000	34,400	38,800	31,000
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	5,380	2,675	2,700	96.7	96.4	96.6
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	31,200	35,200	28,200	31,200	35,200	28,200
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	4,985	2,465	2,525	89.6	88.8	90.3
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	27,600	33,200	23,600	27,600	33,200	23,600
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	3,415	1,710	1,700	61.4	61.6	60.8
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	20,200	23,800	16,800	20,200	23,800	16,800
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	4,125	1,990	2,135	74.1	71.7	76.4
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	12,300	13,300	11,500	12,300	13,300	11,500
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	185	85	100	3.3	3.1	3.6
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	5,720	5,800	5,240	5,720	5,800	5,240
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	5,585	2,770	2,815	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	5,420	2,700	2,725	97.0	97.5	96.8
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	48,000	54,000	42,040	48,000	54,000	42,040
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	5,430	2,700	2,730	97.2	97.5	97.0
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	39,200	43,280	35,200	39,200	43,280	35,200
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	4,960	2,455	2,505	88.8	88.6	89.0
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	43,080	49,640	36,600	43,080	49,640	36,600
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	3,395	1,705	1,690	60.8	61.6	60.0
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	38,240	42,520	33,920	38,240	42,520	33,920
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	4,240	2,130	2,110	75.9	76.9	75.0
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	10,980	11,120	10,830	10,980	11,120	10,830
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	190	90	100	3.4	3.2	3.6
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	5,760	5,900	5,600	5,760	5,900	5,600
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	5,585	2,770	2,815	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	830	450	375	14.9	16.2	13.3
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	58,400	59,200	56,800	58,400	59,200	56,800
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	72,600	72,400	72,400	72,600	72,400	72,400
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	1,710	795	915	30.6	28.7	32.5
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	19,800	22,400	18,000	19,800	22,400	18,000
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	31,880	38,000	26,550	31,880	38,000	26,550
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	82.2	83.8	80.0	82.2	83.8	80.0
Employment income (%)	49.8	49.7	50.1	49.8	49.7	50.1
Government transfers (%)	17.9	16.3	20.0	17.9	16.3	20.0
Employment insurance benefits (%)	0.4	0.4	0.5	0.4	0.4	0.5
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	3,180	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	64,500	...	...	64,500	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	58,800	...	...	58,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	1,205	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	38,000	...	...	38,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	35,200	...	...	35,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	1,975	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	86,000	...	...	86,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	78,000	...	...	78,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	3,180	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	90,200	...	...	90,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	75,000	...	...	75,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	1,170	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	52,500	...	...	52,500	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	44,400	...	...	44,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	2,010	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	112,100	...	...	112,100	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	92,800	...	...	92,800	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	3,180	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	55	...	...	1.7	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	30	...	...	0.9	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	35	...	...	1.1	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	95	...	...	3.0	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	210	...	...	6.6	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	135	...	...	4.2	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	135	...	...	4.2	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	160	...	...	5.0	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	160	...	...	5.0	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	155	...	...	4.9	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	285	...	...	9.0	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	265	...	...	8.3	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	210	...	...	6.6	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	185	...	...	5.8	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	170	...	...	5.3	...	...
$100,000 and over	900	...	...	28.3	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	310	...	...	9.7	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	175	...	...	5.5	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	215	...	...	6.8	...	...
$200,000 and over	205	...	...	6.4	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	3,180	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	65	...	...	2.0	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	35	...	...	1.1	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	30	...	...	0.9	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	110	...	...	3.5	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	210	...	...	6.6	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	135	...	...	4.2	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	170	...	...	5.3	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	190	...	...	6.0	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	170	...	...	5.3	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	175	...	...	5.5	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	320	...	...	10.1	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	290	...	...	9.1	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	200	...	...	6.3	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	220	...	...	6.9	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	175	...	...	5.5	...	...
$100,000 and over	680	...	...	21.4	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	250	...	...	7.9	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	190	...	...	6.0	...	...
$150,000 and over	245	...	...	7.7	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	1,890	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	85,000	...	...	85,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	77,500	...	...	77,500	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.4	...	...	2.4	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	1,305	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	82,000	...	...	82,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	74,500	...	...	74,500	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	390	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	101,000	...	...	101,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	93,000	...	...	93,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	3.7	...	...	3.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	150	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	55,200	...	...	55,200	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	52,000	...	...	52,000	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.4	...	...	2.4	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	1,470	745	730	...	...	...
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	35,200	36,400	34,400	35,200	36,400	34,400
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	32,800	33,600	32,000	32,800	33,600	32,000
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	1,905	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	112,400	...	...	112,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	92,600	...	...	92,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,330	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	111,400	...	...	111,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	90,200	...	...	90,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	360	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	136,000	...	...	136,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	114,400	...	...	114,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	145	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	60,000	...	...	60,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	55,000	...	...	55,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	1,490	780	705	...	...	...
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	48,800	49,900	47,600	48,800	49,900	47,600
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	41,800	42,500	41,000	41,800	42,500	41,000
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	6,040	3,010	3,025	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	590	295	300	9.8	9.8	9.9
0 to 5 years	170	85	85	2.8	2.8	2.8
18 to 64 years	2,885	1,395	1,485	47.8	46.3	49.1
65 years and over	2,565	1,325	1,245	42.5	44.0	41.2
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	960	480	480	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	105	65	40	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	25	15	10	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	495	245	245	...	...	...
65 years and over	365	170	190	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	15.9	16.0	15.9	15.9	16.0	15.9
0 to 17 years (%)	17.6	22.0	13.6	17.6	22.0	13.6
0 to 5 years (%)	15.0	20.0	10.0	15.0	20.0	10.0
18 to 64 years (%)	17.0	17.4	16.6	17.0	17.4	16.6
65 years and over (%)	14.3	13.2	15.4	14.3	13.2	15.4
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	6,040	3,015	3,030	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	595	290	300	9.9	9.6	9.9
0 to 5 years	170	85	85	2.8	2.8	2.8
18 to 64 years	2,880	1,400	1,485	47.7	46.4	49.0
65 years and over	2,565	1,320	1,240	42.5	43.8	40.9
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	260	140	115	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	25	10	10	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	0	0	0	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	175	105	75	...	...	...
65 years and over	60	30	30	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	4.2	4.7	3.8	4.2	4.7	3.8
0 to 17 years (%)	3.8	4.0	3.2	3.8	4.0	3.2
0 to 5 years (%)	x	x	x	x	x	x
18 to 64 years (%)	6.2	7.4	5.0	6.2	7.4	5.0
65 years and over (%)	2.3	2.0	2.4	2.3	2.0	2.4
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	6,040	3,010	3,025	100.0	100.0	100.0
In bottom half of the distribution	3,555	1,760	1,795	58.9	58.5	59.3
In bottom decile	880	445	430	14.6	14.8	14.2
In second decile	790	375	415	13.1	12.5	13.7
In third decile	700	350	350	11.6	11.6	11.6
In fourth decile	580	290	290	9.6	9.6	9.6
In fifth decile	610	300	310	10.1	10.0	10.2
In top half of the distribution	2,480	1,250	1,230	41.1	41.5	40.7
In sixth decile	460	230	225	7.6	7.6	7.4
In seventh decile	550	270	275	9.1	9.0	9.1
In eighth decile	430	215	210	7.1	7.1	6.9
In ninth decile	460	230	230	7.6	7.6	7.6
In top decile	595	300	285	9.9	10.0	9.4
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	6,040	...	...	6,040	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.386	...	...	0.386	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.519	...	...	0.519	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.339	...	...	0.339	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	4.3	...	...	4.3	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	6,100	3,040	3,060	100.0	100.0	100.0
English only	5,455	2,735	2,715	89.4	90.0	88.7
French only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and French	645	300	345	10.6	9.9	11.3
Neither English nor French	5	5	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	6,100	3,040	3,060	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	5,980	2,980	3,000	98.0	98.0	98.0
French	105	50	60	1.7	1.6	2.0
English and French	10	10	5	0.2	0.3	0.2
Neither English nor French	5	5	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	6,100	3,040	3,060	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	6,025	3,000	3,025	98.8	98.7	98.9
Official languages	5,615	2,805	2,805	92.0	92.3	91.7
English	5,500	2,755	2,740	90.2	90.6	89.5
French	110	55	60	1.8	1.8	2.0
Non-official languages	410	190	220	6.7	6.3	7.2
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	410	190	220	6.7	6.3	7.2
Afro-Asiatic languages	5	5	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	5	5	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	5	5	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	15	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.3
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.2
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.2
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	320	160	160	5.2	5.3	5.2
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	60	35	25	1.0	1.2	0.8
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	60	35	25	1.0	1.2	0.8
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	10	5	5	0.2	0.2	0.2
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	25	20	5	0.4	0.7	0.2
Russian	15	5	10	0.2	0.2	0.3
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	5	5	5	0.1	0.2	0.2
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	5	5	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Serbian	5	5	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	10	5	5	0.2	0.2	0.2
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	180	90	85	3.0	3.0	2.8
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	110	60	45	1.8	2.0	1.5
German	105	55	45	1.7	1.8	1.5
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	5	5	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	45	20	25	0.7	0.7	0.8
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	40	20	20	0.7	0.7	0.7
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	20	10	15	0.3	0.3	0.5
Danish	15	10	10	0.2	0.3	0.3
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.2
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	10	5	10	0.2	0.2	0.3
Indo-Iranian languages	5	5	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	5	5	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	5	5	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	5	5	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	5	5	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	65	25	40	1.1	0.8	1.3
Catalan	5	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Italian	10	5	0	0.2	0.2	0.0
Portuguese	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.2
Romanian	5	5	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Spanish	35	10	30	0.6	0.3	1.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	25	10	15	0.4	0.3	0.5
Korean	10	5	5	0.2	0.2	0.2
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	15	5	10	0.2	0.2	0.3
Chinese languages	15	5	10	0.2	0.2	0.3
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	10	5	10	0.2	0.2	0.3
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.2
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	20	10	15	0.3	0.3	0.5
Estonian	5	5	5	0.1	0.2	0.2
Finnish	10	5	5	0.2	0.2	0.2
Hungarian	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.2
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	75	40	40	1.2	1.3	1.3
English and French	20	15	10	0.3	0.5	0.3
English and non-official language(s)	45	20	20	0.7	0.7	0.7
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	5	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.2
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	6,100	3,040	3,060	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	5,710	2,850	2,860	93.6	93.8	93.5
French	15	5	10	0.2	0.2	0.3
Non-official language	25	15	10	0.4	0.5	0.3
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	25	15	10	0.4	0.5	0.3
English and French	60	35	25	1.0	1.2	0.8
English and non-official language(s)	260	120	140	4.3	3.9	4.6
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	30	15	15	0.5	0.5	0.5
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	6,100	3,040	3,060	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	6,045	3,020	3,030	99.1	99.3	99.0
Official languages	5,975	2,980	2,990	98.0	98.0	97.7
English	5,950	2,970	2,980	97.5	97.7	97.4
French	25	15	10	0.4	0.5	0.3
Non-official languages	70	40	35	1.1	1.3	1.1
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	70	40	35	1.1	1.3	1.1
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	45	20	25	0.7	0.7	0.8
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	20	10	5	0.3	0.3	0.2
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	15	10	10	0.2	0.3	0.3
German	15	10	5	0.2	0.3	0.2
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	20	10	10	0.3	0.3	0.3
Catalan	5	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	5	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Spanish	15	5	5	0.2	0.2	0.2
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	15	10	5	0.2	0.3	0.2
Korean	10	5	5	0.2	0.2	0.2
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	55	20	35	0.9	0.7	1.1
English and French	15	10	10	0.2	0.3	0.3
English and non-official language(s)	35	10	20	0.6	0.3	0.7
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	5	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	6,105	3,040	3,060	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	5,795	2,885	2,910	94.9	94.9	95.1
English	55	25	25	0.9	0.8	0.8
French	40	25	15	0.7	0.8	0.5
Non-official language	175	80	95	2.9	2.6	3.1
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	175	80	95	2.9	2.6	3.1
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.2
French and non-official language(s)	20	10	15	0.3	0.3	0.5
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	15	10	5	0.2	0.3	0.2
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	6,035	2,985	3,055	100.0	100.0	100.0
Official languages	6,035	2,985	3,055	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	6,035	2,985	3,050	100.0	100.0	99.8
French	690	360	330	11.4	12.1	10.8
Non-official languages	865	375	485	14.3	12.6	15.9
Indigenous languages³⁹	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	855	375	485	14.2	12.6	15.9
Afro-Asiatic languages	10	10	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	10	10	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	15	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.5
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	15	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.5
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	745	330	415	12.3	11.1	13.6
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	65	25	40	1.1	0.8	1.3
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	65	25	40	1.1	0.8	1.3
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	20	20	0	0.3	0.7	0.0
Russian	20	0	10	0.3	0.0	0.3
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	15	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.5
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	305	145	160	5.1	4.9	5.2
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	205	85	120	3.4	2.8	3.9
German	195	80	115	3.2	2.7	3.8
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	15	10	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	70	45	35	1.2	1.5	1.1
Afrikaans	40	25	15	0.7	0.8	0.5
Dutch	35	15	20	0.6	0.5	0.7
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	45	20	25	0.7	0.7	0.8
Danish	30	15	15	0.5	0.5	0.5
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	10	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.3
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	30	10	20	0.5	0.3	0.7
Indo-Aryan languages	20	10	10	0.3	0.3	0.3
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	410	210	200	6.8	7.0	6.5
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	40	20	20	0.7	0.7	0.7
Portuguese	15	10	10	0.2	0.3	0.3
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	370	180	195	6.1	6.0	6.4
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	70	40	30	1.2	1.3	1.0
Korean	10	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.3
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	25	0	10	0.4	0.0	0.3
Chinese languages	20	0	10	0.3	0.0	0.3
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	20	0	10	0.3	0.0	0.3
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	20	0	10	0.3	0.0	0.3
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	25	0	20	0.4	0.0	0.7
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	15	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.5
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	6,040	2,980	3,055	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	225	120	110	3.7	4.0	3.6
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	225	115	110	3.7	3.9	3.6
First Nations (North American Indian)	125	65	60	2.1	2.2	2.0
Métis	95	50	50	1.6	1.7	1.6
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous identity	5,815	2,865	2,945	96.3	96.1	96.4
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	6,040	2,980	3,055	100.0	100.0	100.0
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	100	55	45	1.7	1.8	1.5
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	5,940	2,925	3,015	98.3	98.2	98.7
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	3,180	...	...	100.0	...	...
Owner	2,720	...	...	85.5	...	...
Renter	460	...	...	14.5	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	3,180	...	...	100.0	...	...
Condominium	10	...	...	0.3	...	...
Not condominium	3,165	...	...	99.5	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	3,180	...	...	100.0	...	...
No bedrooms	35	...	...	1.1	...	...
1 bedroom	640	...	...	20.1	...	...
2 bedrooms	1,140	...	...	35.8	...	...
3 bedrooms	1,055	...	...	33.2	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	310	...	...	9.7	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	3,180	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	1,100	...	...	34.6	...	...
5 rooms	605	...	...	19.0	...	...
6 rooms	555	...	...	17.5	...	...
7 rooms	390	...	...	12.3	...	...
8 or more rooms	525	...	...	16.5	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	5.5	...	...	5.5	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	3,180	...	...	100.0	...	...
One person or fewer per room	3,105	...	...	97.6	...	...
More than one person per room	75	...	...	2.4	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	3,180	...	...	100.0	...	...
Suitable	3,015	...	...	94.8	...	...
Not suitable	165	...	...	5.2	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	3,180	...	...	100.0	...	...
1960 or before	315	...	...	9.9	...	...
1961 to 1980	1,005	...	...	31.6	...	...
1981 to 1990	585	...	...	18.4	...	...
1991 to 2000	585	...	...	18.4	...	...
2001 to 2005	210	...	...	6.6	...	...
2006 to 2010	185	...	...	5.8	...	...
2011 to 2015	120	...	...	3.8	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	175	...	...	5.5	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	3,180	...	...	100.0	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	2,885	...	...	90.7	...	...
Major repairs needed	295	...	...	9.3	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	3,180	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-maintainer household	1,640	...	...	51.6	...	...
Two-maintainer household	1,435	...	...	45.1	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	105	...	...	3.3	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	3,180	...	...	100.0	...	...
15 to 24 years	10	...	...	0.3	...	...
25 to 34 years	145	...	...	4.6	...	...
35 to 44 years	315	...	...	9.9	...	...
45 to 54 years	350	...	...	11.0	...	...
55 to 64 years	670	...	...	21.1	...	...
65 to 74 years	1,065	...	...	33.5	...	...
75 to 84 years	470	...	...	14.8	...	...
85 years and over	150	...	...	4.7	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	3,145	...	...	100.0	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	2,605	...	...	82.8	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	540	...	...	17.2	...	...
30% to less than 100%	440	...	...	14.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	3,180	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	870	...	...	27.4	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	425	...	...	13.4	...	...
Not suitable only	120	...	...	3.8	...	...
Major repairs needed only	210	...	...	6.6	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	30	...	...	0.9	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	70	...	...	2.2	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	10	...	...	0.3	...	...
Acceptable housing	2,310	...	...	72.6	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	3,045	...	...	100.0	...	...
In core need	270	...	...	8.9	...	...
Not in core need	2,775	...	...	91.1	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	2,695	...	...	...	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	36.9	...	...	36.9	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	14.9	...	...	14.9	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	6.9	...	...	6.9	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	548	...	...	548	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	974	...	...	974	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	600,000	...	...	600,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	698,000	...	...	698,000	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	460	...	...	...	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	6.5	...	...	6.5	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	30.4	...	...	30.4	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	20.2	...	...	20.2	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	880	...	...	880	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	912	...	...	912	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	...	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	6,040	2,985	3,055	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	65	20	40	1.1	0.7	1.3
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	65	20	40	1.1	0.7	1.3
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	55	20	40	0.9	0.7	1.3
Métis single ancestry	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	245	135	110	4.1	4.5	3.6
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	240	135	105	4.0	4.5	3.4
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	145	90	55	2.4	3.0	1.8
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	90	50	45	1.5	1.7	1.5
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	5,730	2,830	2,905	94.9	94.8	95.1
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	6,040	2,985	3,055	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	5,785	2,880	2,905	95.8	96.5	95.1
Canadian citizens aged under 18	555	260	300	9.2	8.7	9.8
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	5,230	2,620	2,610	86.6	87.8	85.4
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	255	110	150	4.2	3.7	4.9
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	6,040	2,985	3,055	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	4,755	2,395	2,355	78.7	80.2	77.1
Immigrants⁸¹	1,270	580	690	21.0	19.4	22.6
Before 1980	685	350	335	11.3	11.7	11.0
1980 to 1990	170	70	100	2.8	2.3	3.3
1991 to 2000	140	35	105	2.3	1.2	3.4
2001 to 2010	140	75	65	2.3	2.5	2.1
2011 to 2021⁸²	130	50	80	2.2	1.7	2.6
2011 to 2015	65	20	45	1.1	0.7	1.5
2016 to 2021	60	30	30	1.0	1.0	1.0
Non-permanent residents⁸³	15	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.3
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	1,270	580	685	100.0	100.0	100.0
Under 5 years	135	75	60	10.6	12.9	8.8
5 to 14 years	265	90	175	20.9	15.5	25.5
15 to 24 years	265	125	145	20.9	21.6	21.2
25 to 44 years	445	215	235	35.0	37.1	34.3
45 years and over	160	75	85	12.6	12.9	12.4
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	1,270	580	685	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	345	165	185	27.2	28.4	27.0
Brazil	15	0	10	1.2	0.0	1.5
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
El Salvador	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyana	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	10	0	0	0.8	0.0	0.0
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	290	145	145	22.8	25.0	21.2
Other places of birth in Americas	25	10	15	2.0	1.7	2.2
Europe	730	350	380	57.5	60.3	55.5
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	15	0	0	1.2	0.0	0.0
Germany	80	40	40	6.3	6.9	5.8
Greece	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	10	0	10	0.8	0.0	1.5
Italy	10	10	0	0.8	1.7	0.0
Netherlands	20	15	0	1.6	2.6	0.0
Poland	25	15	0	2.0	2.6	0.0
Portugal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	430	205	225	33.9	35.3	32.8
Other places of birth in Europe	120	55	70	9.4	9.5	10.2
Africa	55	30	25	4.3	5.2	3.6
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	45	25	20	3.5	4.3	2.9
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asia	90	15	80	7.1	2.6	11.7
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	10	0	10	0.8	0.0	1.5
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	15	0	15	1.2	0.0	2.2
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	10	0	10	0.8	0.0	1.5
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	30	10	25	2.4	1.7	3.6
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	50	20	25	3.9	3.4	3.6
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	60	25	30	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	30	10	20	50.0	40.0	66.7
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	20	10	15	33.3	40.0	50.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Europe	10	10	0	16.7	40.0	0.0
France	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germany	10	0	0	16.7	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	6,035	2,985	3,055	100.0	100.0	100.0
First generation¹⁰⁰	1,385	635	750	22.9	21.3	24.5
Second generation¹⁰¹	1,335	665	665	22.1	22.3	21.8
Third generation or more¹⁰²	3,315	1,680	1,645	54.9	56.3	53.8
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	590	235	350	100.0	100.0	100.0
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	310	140	175	52.5	59.6	50.0
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	165	100	60	28.0	42.6	17.1
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	150	40	105	25.4	17.0	30.0
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	240	75	170	40.7	31.9	48.6
Refugees¹⁰⁸	25	15	10	4.2	6.4	2.9
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	10	10	0	1.7	4.3	0.0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	590	235	350	100.0	100.0	100.0
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	155	85	70	26.3	36.2	20.0
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	20	10	10	3.4	4.3	2.9
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	35	0	30	5.9	0.0	8.6
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	375	135	240	63.6	57.4	68.6
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	6,040	2,980	3,055	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	225	80	150	3.7	2.7	4.9
South Asian	25	0	20	0.4	0.0	0.7
Chinese	30	0	20	0.5	0.0	0.7
Black	15	15	0	0.2	0.5	0.0
Filipino	20	0	20	0.3	0.0	0.7
Arab	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latin American	15	10	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
Southeast Asian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
West Asian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	20	0	15	0.3	0.0	0.5
Japanese	75	30	40	1.2	1.0	1.3
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple visible minorities	25	0	20	0.4	0.0	0.7
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	5,815	2,910	2,905	96.3	97.7	95.1
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	6,040	2,985	3,055	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian	445	235	215	7.4	7.9	7.0
English	2,310	1,140	1,170	38.2	38.2	38.3
Irish	1,320	655	665	21.9	21.9	21.8
Scottish	1,630	845	790	27.0	28.3	25.9
French, n.o.s.¹²²	585	315	280	9.7	10.6	9.2
German	940	425	515	15.6	14.2	16.9
Chinese	35	0	35	0.6	0.0	1.1
Italian	140	65	75	2.3	2.2	2.5
Indian (India)	10	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.3
Ukrainian	405	180	220	6.7	6.0	7.2
Dutch	290	165	130	4.8	5.5	4.3
Polish	170	90	80	2.8	3.0	2.6
Québécois	20	10	10	0.3	0.3	0.3
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	500	285	220	8.3	9.5	7.2
Filipino	15	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.5
French Canadian	125	60	65	2.1	2.0	2.1
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	75	40	35	1.2	1.3	1.1
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	90	50	40	1.5	1.7	1.3
Métis	100	55	55	1.7	1.8	1.8
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	155	80	75	2.6	2.7	2.5
Russian	130	60	70	2.2	2.0	2.3
Norwegian	185	75	105	3.1	2.5	3.4
Welsh	345	125	220	5.7	4.2	7.2
Portuguese	10	10	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
American	185	95	85	3.1	3.2	2.8
Spanish	80	30	50	1.3	1.0	1.6
Swedish	220	100	115	3.6	3.4	3.8
Hungarian	80	50	35	1.3	1.7	1.1
Acadian	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
Pakistani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jewish	95	60	35	1.6	2.0	1.1
Punjabi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	35	10	25	0.6	0.3	0.8
Jamaican	15	15	0	0.2	0.5	0.0
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	40	15	25	0.7	0.5	0.8
Korean	30	0	25	0.5	0.0	0.8
Romanian	15	10	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
Lebanese	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
Iranian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	20	10	10	0.3	0.3	0.3
Danish	135	75	60	2.2	2.5	2.0
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	10	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.3
Sikh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austrian	60	25	35	1.0	0.8	1.1
Belgian	80	25	50	1.3	0.8	1.6
Haitian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexican	15	10	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
Mennonite	75	20	60	1.2	0.7	2.0
Swiss	65	35	35	1.1	1.2	1.1
Finnish	40	15	25	0.7	0.5	0.8
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	15	15	0	0.2	0.5	0.0
Japanese	85	35	50	1.4	1.2	1.6
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	95	45	50	1.6	1.5	1.6
Muslim	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egyptian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	60	25	35	1.0	0.8	1.1
Colombian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moroccan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	20	10	15	0.3	0.3	0.5
Syrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afghan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Konger	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	30	20	10	0.5	0.7	0.3
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	20	0	15	0.3	0.0	0.5
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South African	15	10	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
Australian	45	25	20	0.7	0.8	0.7
Palestinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chilean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congolese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nova Scotian	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peruvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Canadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israeli	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	10	10	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albertan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African American	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Laotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Irish	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	10	10	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
British Columbian	25	15	10	0.4	0.5	0.3
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jatt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dominican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Abenaki	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Zealander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Breton	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gaspesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norman	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Manitoban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Honduran	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cherokee	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Flemish	15	10	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Goan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamileke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Libyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Basque	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igorot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guinean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maliseet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Beninese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Roma	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Costa Rican	10	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.3
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tajik	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amhara	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	6,040	2,980	3,055	100.0	100.0	100.0
Buddhist	65	30	30	1.1	1.0	1.0
Christian	1,670	755	920	27.6	25.3	30.1
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	230	105	130	3.8	3.5	4.3
Anabaptist	10	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.3
Anglican	475	230	250	7.9	7.7	8.2
Baptist	25	10	15	0.4	0.3	0.5
Catholic	330	145	185	5.5	4.9	6.1
Christian Orthodox	20	10	10	0.3	0.3	0.3
Jehovah's Witness	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latter Day Saints	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lutheran	100	50	55	1.7	1.7	1.8
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	30	15	10	0.5	0.5	0.3
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Presbyterian	25	15	10	0.4	0.5	0.3
Reformed	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Church	325	135	190	5.4	4.5	6.2
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	95	40	55	1.6	1.3	1.8
Hindu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jewish	45	25	20	0.7	0.8	0.7
Muslim	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sikh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	180	100	80	3.0	3.4	2.6
No religion and secular perspectives	4,050	2,060	1,990	67.1	69.1	65.1
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	6,015	2,980	3,035	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	5,255	2,605	2,660	87.4	87.4	87.6
Movers	755	375	380	12.6	12.6	12.5
Non-migrants	265	125	140	4.4	4.2	4.6
Migrants	490	250	235	8.1	8.4	7.7
Internal migrants	455	230	225	7.6	7.7	7.4
Intraprovincial migrants	365	200	170	6.1	6.7	5.6
Interprovincial migrants	90	35	50	1.5	1.2	1.6
External migrants	35	20	15	0.6	0.7	0.5
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	5,930	2,935	2,995	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	3,420	1,705	1,720	57.7	58.1	57.4
Movers	2,505	1,230	1,275	42.2	41.9	42.6
Non-migrants	530	250	270	8.9	8.5	9.0
Migrants	1,985	980	1,005	33.5	33.4	33.6
Internal migrants	1,870	920	945	31.5	31.3	31.6
Intraprovincial migrants	1,635	825	810	27.6	28.1	27.0
Interprovincial migrants	235	100	135	4.0	3.4	4.5
External migrants	110	55	60	1.9	1.9	2.0
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	5,585	2,770	2,815	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	625	370	255	11.2	13.4	9.1
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	4,960	2,405	2,560	88.8	86.8	90.9
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	2,695	1,265	1,430	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	240	160	75	8.9	12.6	5.2
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	2,455	1,105	1,355	91.1	87.4	94.8
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	5,580	2,770	2,815	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	500	290	205	9.0	10.5	7.3
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	1,365	665	695	24.5	24.0	24.7
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	3,715	1,805	1,910	66.6	65.2	67.9
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,645	885	760	29.5	31.9	27.0
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	480	355	130	8.6	12.8	4.6
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	215	135	80	3.9	4.9	2.8
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	265	220	45	4.7	7.9	1.6
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	1,005	450	560	18.0	16.2	19.9
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	155	75	75	2.8	2.7	2.7
Bachelor's degree or higher	2,075	925	1,145	37.2	33.4	40.7
Bachelor's degree	1,065	470	600	19.1	17.0	21.3
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	150	45	105	2.7	1.6	3.7
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	40	25	15	0.7	0.9	0.5
Master's degree	645	275	370	11.6	9.9	13.1
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	175	115	60	3.1	4.2	2.1
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	2,700	1,270	1,425	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	190	150	45	7.0	11.8	3.2
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	675	345	330	25.0	27.2	23.2
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,830	775	1,050	67.8	61.0	73.7
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	845	425	420	31.3	33.5	29.5
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	255	180	80	9.4	14.2	5.6
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	125	70	55	4.6	5.5	3.9
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	130	105	30	4.8	8.3	2.1
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	505	195	310	18.7	15.4	21.8
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	80	50	30	3.0	3.9	2.1
Bachelor's degree or higher	980	350	625	36.3	27.6	43.9
Bachelor's degree	520	170	350	19.3	13.4	24.6
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	65	15	50	2.4	1.2	3.5
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	25	10	15	0.9	0.8	1.1
Master's degree	300	110	190	11.1	8.7	13.3
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	75	45	25	2.8	3.5	1.8
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	5,580	2,770	2,810	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	1,865	960	905	33.4	34.7	32.2
Education	380	80	300	6.8	2.9	10.7
13. Education	380	80	300	6.8	2.9	10.7
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	295	105	190	5.3	3.8	6.8
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
50. Visual and performing arts	295	105	190	5.3	3.8	6.8
Humanities	345	125	220	6.2	4.5	7.8
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	25	0	20	0.4	0.0	0.7
23. English language and literature/letters	130	45	85	2.3	1.6	3.0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	60	25	40	1.1	0.9	1.4
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	20	15	0	0.4	0.5	0.0
39. Theology and religious vocations	40	0	35	0.7	0.0	1.2
54. History	65	30	35	1.2	1.1	1.2
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	490	230	255	8.8	8.3	9.1
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	20	0	15	0.4	0.0	0.5
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	35	15	20	0.6	0.5	0.7
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	45	0	45	0.8	0.0	1.6
22. Legal professions and studies	85	50	40	1.5	1.8	1.4
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	15	0	10	0.3	0.0	0.4
42. Psychology	125	45	80	2.2	1.6	2.8
45. Social sciences	165	105	60	3.0	3.8	2.1
Business, management and public administration	425	185	240	7.6	6.7	8.5
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	45	10	35	0.8	0.4	1.2
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	380	175	200	6.8	6.3	7.1
Physical and life sciences and technologies	230	130	100	4.1	4.7	3.6
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	130	55	75	2.3	2.0	2.7
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	20	10	15	0.4	0.4	0.5
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
40. Physical sciences	60	55	10	1.1	2.0	0.4
41. Science technologies/technicians	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	170	100	70	3.0	3.6	2.5
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	125	85	35	2.2	3.1	1.2
25. Library science	25	0	25	0.4	0.0	0.9
27. Mathematics and statistics	20	20	0	0.4	0.7	0.0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	570	530	40	10.2	19.1	1.4
04. Architecture and related services	45	25	20	0.8	0.9	0.7
14. Engineering	80	80	0	1.4	2.9	0.0
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	140	120	15	2.5	4.3	0.5
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	145	145	0	2.6	5.2	0.0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	110	110	0	2.0	4.0	0.0
48. Precision production	50	50	0	0.9	1.8	0.0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	130	85	45	2.3	3.1	1.6
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	65	30	30	1.2	1.1	1.1
03. Natural resources and conservation	70	50	15	1.3	1.8	0.5
Health and related fields	445	125	325	8.0	4.5	11.6
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	45	30	20	0.8	1.1	0.7
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	380	75	300	6.8	2.7	10.7
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	25	20	0	0.4	0.7	0.0
Personal, protective and transportation services	225	110	120	4.0	4.0	4.3
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	140	45	95	2.5	1.6	3.4
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	10	10	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
49. Transportation and materials moving	70	50	15	1.3	1.8	0.5
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	2,695	1,265	1,430	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	870	495	375	32.3	39.1	26.2
Education	115	15	100	4.3	1.2	7.0
13. Education	115	15	100	4.3	1.2	7.0
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	170	50	110	6.3	4.0	7.7
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
50. Visual and performing arts	170	50	110	6.3	4.0	7.7
Humanities	160	50	110	5.9	4.0	7.7
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	20	0	15	0.7	0.0	1.0
23. English language and literature/letters	55	10	45	2.0	0.8	3.1
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	30	0	25	1.1	0.0	1.7
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	15	10	0	0.6	0.8	0.0
39. Theology and religious vocations	15	0	10	0.6	0.0	0.7
54. History	25	10	15	0.9	0.8	1.0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	265	95	165	9.8	7.5	11.5
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	20	0	15	0.7	0.0	1.0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	25	15	10	0.9	1.2	0.7
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	20	0	20	0.7	0.0	1.4
22. Legal professions and studies	50	25	25	1.9	2.0	1.7
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	15	0	10	0.6	0.0	0.7
42. Psychology	55	10	45	2.0	0.8	3.1
45. Social sciences	80	45	35	3.0	3.6	2.4
Business, management and public administration	200	70	130	7.4	5.5	9.1
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	20	0	15	0.7	0.0	1.0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	180	60	115	6.7	4.7	8.0
Physical and life sciences and technologies	130	55	70	4.8	4.3	4.9
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	80	35	45	3.0	2.8	3.1
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	10	0	10	0.4	0.0	0.7
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
40. Physical sciences	30	20	10	1.1	1.6	0.7
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	95	60	30	3.5	4.7	2.1
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	75	60	15	2.8	4.7	1.0
25. Library science	15	0	15	0.6	0.0	1.0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	230	200	30	8.5	15.8	2.1
04. Architecture and related services	15	0	10	0.6	0.0	0.7
14. Engineering	30	30	0	1.1	2.4	0.0
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	50	35	10	1.9	2.8	0.7
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	85	85	0	3.2	6.7	0.0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	25	25	0	0.9	2.0	0.0
48. Precision production	20	20	0	0.7	1.6	0.0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	60	35	25	2.2	2.8	1.7
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	40	20	20	1.5	1.6	1.4
03. Natural resources and conservation	30	25	0	1.1	2.0	0.0
Health and related fields	260	80	180	9.6	6.3	12.6
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	30	10	20	1.1	0.8	1.4
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	215	55	155	8.0	4.3	10.8
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	15	10	0	0.6	0.8	0.0
Personal, protective and transportation services	145	55	90	5.4	4.3	6.3
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	105	30	75	3.9	2.4	5.2
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
49. Transportation and materials moving	35	20	15	1.3	1.6	1.0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	2,695	1,265	1,430	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	870	495	375	32.3	39.1	26.2
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	1,825	775	1,055	67.7	61.3	73.8
Location of study inside Canada	1,475	640	830	54.7	50.6	58.0
Same as province or territory of residence	925	420	505	34.3	33.2	35.3
Different than province or territory of residence	550	225	330	20.4	17.8	23.1
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	355	135	220	13.2	10.7	15.4
Americas	145	65	80	5.4	5.1	5.6
United States of America	135	55	80	5.0	4.3	5.6
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Europe	165	60	110	6.1	4.7	7.7
Belgium	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germany	15	10	10	0.6	0.8	0.7
Netherlands	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Switzerland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	10	10	0	0.4	0.8	0.0
Romania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	95	25	65	3.5	2.0	4.5
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Europe	25	10	15	0.9	0.8	1.0
Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asia	25	0	20	0.9	0.0	1.4
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	10	0	10	0.4	0.0	0.7
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania	15	0	10	0.6	0.0	0.7
Australia	15	0	10	0.6	0.0	0.7
New Zealand	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	5,580	2,770	2,815	...	...	...
In the labour force	2,720	1,380	1,345	...	...	...
Employed	2,540	1,290	1,250	...	...	...
Unemployed	185	90	100	...	...	...
Not in the labour force	2,860	1,390	1,470	...	...	...
Participation rate	48.7	49.8	47.8	48.7	49.8	47.8
Employment rate	45.5	46.6	44.4	45.5	46.6	44.4
Unemployment rate	6.8	6.5	7.4	6.8	6.5	7.4
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	5,580	2,770	2,810	100.0	100.0	100.0
Did not work¹⁸⁶	2,670	1,295	1,375	47.8	46.8	48.9
Worked	2,915	1,470	1,440	52.2	53.1	51.2
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	925	520	405	16.6	18.8	14.4
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	1,995	955	1,035	35.8	34.5	36.8
Average weeks worked in reference year	36.7	37.2	36.1	36.7	37.2	36.1
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	2,725	1,380	1,345	100.0	100.0	100.0
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	40	10	30	1.5	0.7	2.2
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	2,680	1,365	1,315	98.3	98.9	97.8
Employee	1,440	640	800	52.8	46.4	59.5
Permanent position	1,135	520	620	41.7	37.7	46.1
Temporary position	300	120	180	11.0	8.7	13.4
Fixed term (1 year or more)	50	30	20	1.8	2.2	1.5
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	250	90	165	9.2	6.5	12.3
Self-employed¹⁹²	1,240	725	515	45.5	52.5	38.3
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	2,725	1,380	1,345	100.0	100.0	100.0
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	40	10	30	1.5	0.7	2.2
All occupations¹⁹¹	2,680	1,365	1,315	98.3	98.9	97.8
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	35	0	30	1.3	0.0	2.2
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	250	80	175	9.2	5.8	13.0
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	200	150	50	7.3	10.9	3.7
3 Health occupations	150	50	100	5.5	3.6	7.4
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	340	105	235	12.5	7.6	17.5
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	290	120	175	10.6	8.7	13.0
6 Sales and service occupations	610	215	395	22.4	15.6	29.4
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	575	495	75	21.1	35.9	5.6
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	195	125	70	7.2	9.1	5.2
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	45	25	20	1.7	1.8	1.5
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	2,725	1,380	1,345	100.0	100.0	100.0
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	40	10	30	1.5	0.7	2.2
All industries¹⁹¹	2,680	1,365	1,315	98.3	98.9	97.8
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	110	55	50	4.0	4.0	3.7
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
22 Utilities	15	0	10	0.6	0.0	0.7
23 Construction	375	355	25	13.8	25.7	1.9
31-33 Manufacturing	70	40	30	2.6	2.9	2.2
41 Wholesale trade	35	10	25	1.3	0.7	1.9
44-45 Retail trade	285	95	195	10.5	6.9	14.5
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	90	35	55	3.3	2.5	4.1
51 Information and cultural industries	105	55	45	3.9	4.0	3.3
52 Finance and insurance	25	20	10	0.9	1.4	0.7
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	50	30	25	1.8	2.2	1.9
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	350	205	145	12.8	14.9	10.8
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	210	125	80	7.7	9.1	5.9
61 Educational services	190	55	140	7.0	4.0	10.4
62 Health care and social assistance	220	50	170	8.1	3.6	12.6
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	170	65	105	6.2	4.7	7.8
72 Accommodation and food services	210	105	110	7.7	7.6	8.2
81 Other services (except public administration)	85	25	55	3.1	1.8	4.1
91 Public administration	90	45	50	3.3	3.3	3.7
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	3,170	1,600	1,570	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	3,095	1,575	1,520	97.6	98.4	96.8
French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-official language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and French	40	15	25	1.3	0.9	1.6
English and non-official language(s)	25	0	20	0.8	0.0	1.3
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	10	10	0	0.3	0.6	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	3,170	1,600	1,570	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	3,165	1,600	1,565	99.8	100.0	99.7
Official languages	3,160	1,600	1,560	99.7	100.0	99.4
English	3,155	1,595	1,560	99.5	99.7	99.4
French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	3,170	1,600	1,570	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	3,105	1,575	1,530	97.9	98.4	97.5
English	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French	30	0	25	0.9	0.0	1.6
Non-official language	20	0	15	0.6	0.0	1.0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	20	0	15	0.6	0.0	1.0
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	10	10	0	0.3	0.6	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	2,540	1,295	1,250	100.0	100.0	100.0
Worked at home	860	405	450	33.9	31.3	36.0
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
No fixed workplace address	515	360	155	20.3	27.8	12.4
Usual place of work	1,160	520	640	45.7	40.2	51.2
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	1,160	520	640	100.0	100.0	100.0
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	950	420	530	81.9	80.8	82.8
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	120	40	75	10.3	7.7	11.7
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	80	40	35	6.9	7.7	5.5
Commute to a different province or territory	10	10	0	0.9	1.9	0.0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	1,675	875	795	100.0	100.0	100.0
Car, truck or van	1,345	715	620	80.3	81.7	78.0
Car, truck or van - as a driver	1,235	680	555	73.7	77.7	69.8
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	110	40	70	6.6	4.6	8.8
Public transit	70	35	35	4.2	4.0	4.4
Walked	125	55	65	7.5	6.3	8.2
Bicycle	50	30	25	3.0	3.4	3.1
Other method	85	45	40	5.1	5.1	5.0
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	1,675	875	795	100.0	100.0	100.0
Less than 15 minutes	890	435	460	53.1	49.7	57.9
15 to 29 minutes	520	275	240	31.0	31.4	30.2
30 to 44 minutes	115	85	30	6.9	9.7	3.8
45 to 59 minutes	35	30	10	2.1	3.4	1.3
60 minutes and over	115	60	60	6.9	6.9	7.5
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	1,675	875	795	100.0	100.0	100.0
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	70	30	45	4.2	3.4	5.7
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	135	80	55	8.1	9.1	6.9
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	355	215	140	21.2	24.6	17.6
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	520	295	230	31.0	33.7	28.9
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	500	240	260	29.9	27.4	32.7
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	90	25	60	5.4	2.9	7.5
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	595	295	300	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	50	35	15	8.4	11.9	5.0
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	550	265	285	92.4	89.8	95.0
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	445	215	225	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	35	25	10	7.9	11.6	4.4
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	15	10	5	3.4	4.7	2.2
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	20	15	10	4.5	7.0	4.4
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	405	195	215	91.0	90.7	95.6

Symbol legend

...
not applicable
x
suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 30, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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