Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	Saltspring Island, Regional district electoral area (RDA)More information: British Columbia [Census subdivision]
	Counts			Rates
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	11,635	...	...	...	...	...
Population, 2016¹	10,557	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	10.2	...	...	10.2	...	...
Total private dwellings²	6,105	...	...	...	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	5,120	...	...	...	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	63.6	...	...	63.6	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	182.94	...	...	...	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	11,635	5,580	6,055	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	1,340	680	660	11.5	12.2	10.9
0 to 4 years	340	170	170	2.9	3.0	2.8
5 to 9 years	420	215	200	3.6	3.9	3.3
10 to 14 years	585	295	290	5.0	5.3	4.8
15 to 64 years	6,235	2,985	3,255	53.6	53.5	53.8
15 to 19 years	460	235	225	4.0	4.2	3.7
20 to 24 years	310	150	160	2.7	2.7	2.6
25 to 29 years	345	165	175	3.0	3.0	2.9
30 to 34 years	495	220	280	4.3	3.9	4.6
35 to 39 years	565	275	290	4.9	4.9	4.8
40 to 44 years	630	310	320	5.4	5.6	5.3
45 to 49 years	715	345	365	6.1	6.2	6.0
50 to 54 years	695	330	370	6.0	5.9	6.1
55 to 59 years	925	455	465	8.0	8.2	7.7
60 to 64 years	1,110	505	605	9.5	9.1	10.0
65 years and over	4,050	1,915	2,135	34.8	34.3	35.3
65 to 69 years	1,250	585	665	10.7	10.5	11.0
70 to 74 years	1,210	600	615	10.4	10.8	10.2
75 to 79 years	745	370	375	6.4	6.6	6.2
80 to 84 years	400	170	225	3.4	3.0	3.7
85 years and over	455	185	265	3.9	3.3	4.4
85 to 89 years	260	120	140	2.2	2.2	2.3
90 to 94 years	140	50	85	1.2	0.9	1.4
95 to 99 years	50	15	30	0.4	0.3	0.5
100 years and over	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	11.5	12.2	10.9	11.5	12.2	10.9
15 to 64 years	53.6	53.5	53.8	53.6	53.5	53.8
65 years and over	34.8	34.3	35.3	34.8	34.3	35.3
85 years and over	3.9	3.3	4.4	3.9	3.3	4.4
Average age of the population	51.2	50.5	51.8	51.2	50.5	51.8
Median age of the population	56.4	56.0	57.2	56.4	56.0	57.2
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	5,120	...	...	100.0	...	...
Single-detached house	4,170	...	...	81.4	...	...
Semi-detached house	190	...	...	3.7	...	...
Row house	175	...	...	3.4	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	245	...	...	4.8	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	90	...	...	1.8	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Other single-attached house	15	...	...	0.3	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	235	...	...	4.6	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	5,120	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 person	1,590	...	...	31.1	...	...
2 persons	2,155	...	...	42.1	...	...
3 persons	640	...	...	12.5	...	...
4 persons	460	...	...	9.0	...	...
5 or more persons	280	...	...	5.5	...	...
Number of persons in private households	11,275	5,435	5,840	100.0	100.0	100.0
Average household size	2.2	...	...	2.2	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	10,295	4,900	5,395	100.0	100.0	100.0
Married or living common-law	6,175	3,095	3,080	60.0	63.2	57.1
Married	4,730	2,365	2,365	45.9	48.3	43.8
Living common-law	1,450	730	720	14.1	14.9	13.3
Living common law - Never married	935	470	460	9.1	9.6	8.5
Living common law - Separated	55	30	25	0.5	0.6	0.5
Living common law - Divorced	405	205	200	3.9	4.2	3.7
Living common law - Widowed	55	25	30	0.5	0.5	0.6
Not married and not living common-law	4,115	1,805	2,310	40.0	36.8	42.8
Not married and not living common law - Never married	2,125	1,130	1,000	20.6	23.1	18.5
Not married and not living common law - Separated	330	150	180	3.2	3.1	3.3
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	985	370	615	9.6	7.6	11.4
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	680	160	520	6.6	3.3	9.6
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	3,445	...	...	100.0	...	...
2 persons	2,340	...	...	67.9	...	...
3 persons	560	...	...	16.3	...	...
4 persons	400	...	...	11.6	...	...
5 or more persons	140	...	...	4.1	...	...
Average size of census families	2.5	...	...	2.5	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.6	...	...	1.6	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	3,440	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total couple families	2,985	...	...	86.8	...	...
Married couples	2,260	...	...	65.7	...	...
With children⁶	730	...	...	21.2	...	...
Without children	1,535	...	...	44.6	...	...
Common-law couples	725	...	...	21.1	...	...
With children⁶	215	...	...	6.3	...	...
Without children	505	...	...	14.7	...	...
Total one-parent families	460	...	...	13.4	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	320	...	...	9.3	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	135	...	...	3.9	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	11,275	5,435	5,835	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total - Persons in census families	8,720	4,325	4,395	77.3	79.6	75.3
Married spouses or common-law partners	5,975	2,995	2,975	53.0	55.1	51.0
Parents in one-parent families	455	135	320	4.0	2.5	5.5
Children⁶	2,290	1,190	1,100	20.3	21.9	18.9
In a two-parent family	1,635	835	800	14.5	15.4	13.7
In a one-parent family	660	360	300	5.9	6.6	5.1
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	2,550	1,110	1,440	22.6	20.4	24.7
Living alone	1,590	665	920	14.1	12.2	15.8
Living with other relatives⁷	225	85	135	2.0	1.6	2.3
Living with non-relatives only	740	355	380	6.6	6.5	6.5
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	5,120	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	2,885	...	...	56.3	...	...
Couple-family households	2,570	...	...	50.2	...	...
With children⁶	805	...	...	15.7	...	...
Without children	1,770	...	...	34.6	...	...
One-parent-family households	315	...	...	6.2	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	115	...	...	2.2	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	60	...	...	1.2	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	230	...	...	4.5	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	235	...	...	4.6	...	...
One-person households	1,590	...	...	31.1	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	9,935	4,750	5,180	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	9,730	4,650	5,085	97.9	97.9	98.2
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	38,000	42,800	34,400	38,000	42,800	34,400
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	9,740	4,650	5,090	98.0	97.9	98.3
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	34,800	38,800	32,000	34,800	38,800	32,000
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	9,035	4,325	4,715	90.9	91.1	91.0
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	29,000	36,400	23,800	29,000	36,400	23,800
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	6,340	3,140	3,195	63.8	66.1	61.7
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	22,800	29,000	18,000	22,800	29,000	18,000
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	8,185	3,750	4,435	82.4	78.9	85.6
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	13,100	13,100	13,200	13,100	13,100	13,200
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	515	240	275	5.2	5.1	5.3
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,480	5,560	5,200	5,480	5,560	5,200
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	2,540	1,110	1,430	25.6	23.4	27.6
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,500	8,000	9,500	8,500	8,000	9,500
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	9,920	4,755	5,160	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	9,710	4,665	5,050	97.9	98.1	97.9
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	58,650	69,800	48,320	58,650	69,800	48,320
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	9,725	4,665	5,055	98.0	98.1	98.0
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	46,160	52,700	40,120	46,160	52,700	40,120
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	9,080	4,360	4,720	91.5	91.7	91.5
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	51,650	64,400	39,880	51,650	64,400	39,880
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	6,320	3,150	3,170	63.7	66.2	61.4
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	46,320	58,800	33,920	46,320	58,800	33,920
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	8,055	3,670	4,395	81.2	77.2	85.2
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	12,470	12,180	12,710	12,470	12,180	12,710
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	450	220	230	4.5	4.6	4.5
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,340	5,800	6,850	6,340	5,800	6,850
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	2,480	1,085	1,400	25.0	22.8	27.1
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	9,600	9,980	9,320	9,600	9,980	9,320
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	9,920	4,760	5,160	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	2,105	1,170	935	21.2	24.6	18.1
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	58,400	65,000	52,400	58,400	65,000	52,400
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	84,600	96,600	69,800	84,600	96,600	69,800
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	3,135	1,465	1,670	31.6	30.8	32.4
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	14,200	17,800	11,800	14,200	17,800	11,800
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	31,840	45,360	19,980	31,840	45,360	19,980
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	82.4	86.2	77.2	82.4	86.2	77.2
Employment income (%)¹⁹	51.4	56.9	44.1	51.4	56.9	44.1
Government transfers (%)²⁰	17.6	13.7	22.9	17.6	13.7	22.9
Employment insurance benefits (%)	0.5	0.4	0.7	0.5	0.4	0.7
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	5.1	4.0	6.7	5.1	4.0	6.7
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	4.2	3.3	5.3	4.2	3.3	5.3
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	9,935	4,755	5,180	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without total income	200	105	95	2.0	2.2	1.8
With total income	9,735	4,650	5,085	98.0	97.8	98.2
Under $10,000 (including loss)	810	345	465	8.3	7.4	9.1
$10,000 to $19,999	1,190	515	675	12.2	11.1	13.3
$20,000 to $29,999	1,775	745	1,030	18.2	16.0	20.3
$30,000 to $39,999	1,335	560	780	13.7	12.0	15.3
$40,000 to $49,999	1,050	475	575	10.8	10.2	11.3
$50,000 to $59,999	840	415	430	8.6	8.9	8.5
$60,000 to $69,999	625	335	290	6.4	7.2	5.7
$70,000 to $79,999	445	250	195	4.6	5.4	3.8
$80,000 to $89,999	330	190	145	3.4	4.1	2.9
$90,000 to $99,999	265	140	125	2.7	3.0	2.5
$100,000 and over	1,060	685	375	10.9	14.7	7.4
$100,000 to $149,999	605	385	220	6.2	8.3	4.3
$150,000 and over	450	295	160	4.6	6.3	3.1
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	9,935	4,755	5,180	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without after-tax income	190	100	90	1.9	2.1	1.7
With after-tax income	9,745	4,655	5,090	98.1	97.9	98.3
Under $10,000 (including loss)	900	380	520	9.2	8.2	10.2
$10,000 to $19,999	1,260	540	720	12.9	11.6	14.1
$20,000 to $29,999	1,965	850	1,120	20.2	18.3	22.0
$30,000 to $39,999	1,480	640	835	15.2	13.7	16.4
$40,000 to $49,999	1,150	530	625	11.8	11.4	12.3
$50,000 to $59,999	850	435	415	8.7	9.3	8.2
$60,000 to $69,999	540	310	230	5.5	6.7	4.5
$70,000 to $79,999	435	230	205	4.5	4.9	4.0
$80,000 to $89,999	290	180	110	3.0	3.9	2.2
$90,000 to $99,999	175	105	70	1.8	2.3	1.4
$100,000 and over	695	465	230	7.1	10.0	4.5
$100,000 to $124,999	275	195	85	2.8	4.2	1.7
$125,000 and over	415	265	150	4.3	5.7	2.9
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	9,935	4,755	5,180	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without employment income	3,595	1,615	1,980	36.2	34.0	38.2
With employment income	6,340	3,140	3,200	63.8	66.0	61.8
Under $5,000 (including loss)	1,540	675	860	24.3	21.5	26.9
$5,000 to $9,999	605	250	350	9.5	8.0	10.9
$10,000 to $19,999	840	370	465	13.2	11.8	14.5
$20,000 to $29,999	630	310	315	9.9	9.9	9.8
$30,000 to $39,999	535	270	265	8.4	8.6	8.3
$40,000 to $49,999	445	215	225	7.0	6.8	7.0
$50,000 to $59,999	365	195	175	5.8	6.2	5.5
$60,000 to $69,999	315	185	130	5.0	5.9	4.1
$70,000 to $79,999	195	120	75	3.1	3.8	2.3
$80,000 to $89,999	160	75	85	2.5	2.4	2.7
$90,000 to $99,999	125	65	60	2.0	2.1	1.9
$100,000 and over	585	410	175	9.2	13.1	5.5
$100,000 to $124,999	230	150	80	3.6	4.8	2.5
$125,000 and over	360	265	100	5.7	8.4	3.1
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	9,935	4,750	5,180	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	9,510	4,525	4,980	95.7	95.3	96.1
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	35,600	42,400	31,200	35,600	42,400	31,200
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	9,525	4,525	4,995	95.9	95.3	96.4
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	32,400	37,600	28,800	32,400	37,600	28,800
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	8,875	4,185	4,690	89.3	88.1	90.5
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	30,600	38,400	25,000	30,600	38,400	25,000
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	6,520	3,165	3,350	65.6	66.6	64.7
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	24,000	30,000	19,200	24,000	30,000	19,200
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	6,955	3,075	3,885	70.0	64.7	75.0
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	9,800	10,700	9,400	9,800	10,700	9,400
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	385	170	210	3.9	3.6	4.1
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	5,560	6,280	5,120	5,560	6,280	5,120
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	9,920	4,755	5,160	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	9,500	4,530	4,965	95.8	95.3	96.2
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	55,350	66,300	45,360	55,350	66,300	45,360
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	9,510	4,530	4,980	95.9	95.3	96.5
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	45,040	53,350	37,520	45,040	53,350	37,520
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	8,950	4,240	4,710	90.2	89.2	91.3
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	51,400	63,800	40,200	51,400	63,800	40,200
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	6,490	3,160	3,330	65.4	66.5	64.5
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	44,400	54,650	34,720	44,400	54,650	34,720
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	6,795	2,970	3,830	68.5	62.5	74.2
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	9,670	9,970	9,430	9,670	9,970	9,430
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	360	180	180	3.6	3.8	3.5
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	7,920	7,250	8,600	7,920	7,250	8,600
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	9,920	4,760	5,160	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	2,025	1,120	900	20.4	23.5	17.4
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	56,400	65,000	48,000	56,400	65,000	48,000
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	84,200	93,800	72,200	84,200	93,800	72,200
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	2,965	1,375	1,595	29.9	28.9	30.9
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	19,400	25,400	15,900	19,400	25,400	15,900
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	32,480	41,960	24,340	32,480	41,960	24,340
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	87.4	90.2	84.0	87.4	90.2	84.0
Employment income (%)	54.8	57.5	51.3	54.8	57.5	51.3
Government transfers (%)	12.5	9.9	16.0	12.5	9.9	16.0
Employment insurance benefits (%)	0.5	0.4	0.7	0.5	0.4	0.7
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	5,120	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	77,500	...	...	77,500	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	69,500	...	...	69,500	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	1,590	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	39,200	...	...	39,200	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	36,000	...	...	36,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	3,530	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	100,000	...	...	100,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	89,000	...	...	89,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	5,120	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	111,200	...	...	111,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	87,700	...	...	87,700	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	1,620	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	48,680	...	...	48,680	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	43,160	...	...	43,160	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	3,505	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	140,000	...	...	140,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	108,200	...	...	108,200	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	5,120	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	70	...	...	1.4	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	25	...	...	0.5	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	55	...	...	1.1	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	120	...	...	2.3	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	250	...	...	4.9	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	210	...	...	4.1	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	200	...	...	3.9	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	195	...	...	3.8	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	220	...	...	4.3	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	190	...	...	3.7	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	375	...	...	7.3	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	400	...	...	7.8	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	340	...	...	6.6	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	270	...	...	5.3	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	270	...	...	5.3	...	...
$100,000 and over	1,925	...	...	37.6	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	565	...	...	11.0	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	410	...	...	8.0	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	455	...	...	8.9	...	...
$200,000 and over	495	...	...	9.7	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	5,120	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	95	...	...	1.9	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	35	...	...	0.7	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	55	...	...	1.1	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	125	...	...	2.4	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	275	...	...	5.4	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	215	...	...	4.2	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	215	...	...	4.2	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	235	...	...	4.6	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	245	...	...	4.8	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	200	...	...	3.9	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	465	...	...	9.1	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	420	...	...	8.2	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	355	...	...	6.9	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	340	...	...	6.6	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	320	...	...	6.3	...	...
$100,000 and over	1,540	...	...	30.1	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	560	...	...	10.9	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	345	...	...	6.7	...	...
$150,000 and over	635	...	...	12.4	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	3,375	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	97,000	...	...	97,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	86,000	...	...	86,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	1,875	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	94,000	...	...	94,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	83,000	...	...	83,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	970	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	119,000	...	...	119,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	105,000	...	...	105,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	3.9	...	...	3.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	410	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	62,000	...	...	62,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	57,600	...	...	57,600	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	2,330	1,020	1,310	...	...	...
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	35,600	34,800	36,000	35,600	34,800	36,000
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	32,800	31,600	34,000	32,800	31,600	34,000
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	3,355	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	139,200	...	...	139,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	106,800	...	...	106,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,820	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	129,000	...	...	129,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	104,900	...	...	104,900	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,010	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	182,400	...	...	182,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	123,200	...	...	123,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	385	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	78,400	...	...	78,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	72,000	...	...	72,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	2,290	1,005	1,280	...	...	...
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	44,640	41,600	47,000	44,640	41,600	47,000
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	39,680	36,600	42,100	39,680	36,600	42,100
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	11,270	5,435	5,840	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	1,620	835	785	14.4	15.4	13.4
0 to 5 years	415	210	205	3.7	3.9	3.5
18 to 64 years	5,835	2,760	3,070	51.8	50.8	52.6
65 years and over	3,815	1,840	1,980	33.9	33.9	33.9
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	1,540	760	785	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	310	175	135	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	90	50	40	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	795	385	410	...	...	...
65 years and over	440	200	240	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	13.7	13.9	13.4	13.7	13.9	13.4
0 to 17 years (%)	19.0	20.8	16.8	19.0	20.8	16.8
0 to 5 years (%)	22.0	23.0	20.0	22.0	23.0	20.0
18 to 64 years (%)	13.6	13.8	13.4	13.6	13.8	13.4
65 years and over (%)	11.6	10.9	12.1	11.6	10.9	12.1
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	11,275	5,435	5,835	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	1,620	835	785	14.4	15.4	13.5
0 to 5 years	415	210	205	3.7	3.9	3.5
18 to 64 years	5,835	2,760	3,075	51.8	50.8	52.7
65 years and over	3,815	1,840	1,980	33.8	33.9	33.9
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	445	230	215	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	100	60	45	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	30	20	10	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	285	135	145	...	...	...
65 years and over	60	35	30	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	4.0	4.3	3.7	4.0	4.3	3.7
0 to 17 years (%)	6.3	7.0	5.4	6.3	7.0	5.4
0 to 5 years (%)	7.6	11.0	5.0	7.6	11.0	5.0
18 to 64 years (%)	4.8	5.0	4.7	4.8	5.0	4.7
65 years and over (%)	1.7	2.0	1.4	1.7	2.0	1.4
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	11,275	5,435	5,840	100.0	100.0	100.0
In bottom half of the distribution	5,950	2,790	3,155	52.8	51.3	54.0
In bottom decile	1,570	770	800	13.9	14.2	13.7
In second decile	1,165	535	630	10.3	9.8	10.8
In third decile	1,165	535	630	10.3	9.8	10.8
In fourth decile	1,120	505	610	9.9	9.3	10.4
In fifth decile	925	440	485	8.2	8.1	8.3
In top half of the distribution	5,325	2,640	2,680	47.2	48.6	45.9
In sixth decile	990	495	495	8.8	9.1	8.5
In seventh decile	1,000	480	525	8.9	8.8	9.0
In eighth decile	1,005	510	495	8.9	9.4	8.5
In ninth decile	1,005	500	505	8.9	9.2	8.6
In top decile	1,320	665	660	11.7	12.2	11.3
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	11,275	...	...	11,275	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.402	...	...	0.402	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.516	...	...	0.516	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.348	...	...	0.348	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	4.4	...	...	4.4	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	11,560	5,560	5,995	100.0	100.0	100.0
English only	10,040	4,905	5,135	86.9	88.2	85.7
French only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and French	1,475	635	840	12.8	11.4	14.0
Neither English nor French	40	25	15	0.3	0.4	0.3
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	11,560	5,560	5,995	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	11,295	5,435	5,855	97.7	97.8	97.7
French	235	110	120	2.0	2.0	2.0
English and French	25	10	15	0.2	0.2	0.3
Neither English nor French	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	11,560	5,560	5,995	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	11,400	5,485	5,915	98.6	98.7	98.7
Official languages	10,575	5,130	5,450	91.5	92.3	90.9
English	10,335	5,015	5,320	89.4	90.2	88.7
French	240	115	125	2.1	2.1	2.1
Non-official languages	825	360	470	7.1	6.5	7.8
Indigenous languages³⁹	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	820	355	470	7.1	6.4	7.8
Afro-Asiatic languages	15	10	5	0.1	0.2	0.1
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	15	10	5	0.1	0.2	0.1
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	10	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	10	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	35	10	25	0.3	0.2	0.4
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	10	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	20	10	15	0.2	0.2	0.3
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	600	270	330	5.2	4.9	5.5
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	10	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Balto-Slavic languages	70	25	40	0.6	0.4	0.7
Baltic languages	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Latvian	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Lithuanian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	60	25	40	0.5	0.4	0.7
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	20	5	15	0.2	0.1	0.3
Russian	15	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	370	160	210	3.2	2.9	3.5
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	230	100	130	2.0	1.8	2.2
German	215	90	125	1.9	1.6	2.1
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	10	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.2
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	90	40	50	0.8	0.7	0.8
Afrikaans	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Dutch	85	40	45	0.7	0.7	0.8
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	50	20	25	0.4	0.4	0.4
Danish	20	15	10	0.2	0.3	0.2
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	10	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.2
Swedish	15	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.2
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	20	15	5	0.2	0.3	0.1
Indo-Aryan languages	15	10	5	0.1	0.2	0.1
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	10	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	125	60	70	1.1	1.1	1.2
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	20	10	15	0.2	0.2	0.3
Portuguese	25	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Romanian	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Spanish	80	35	45	0.7	0.6	0.8
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	60	20	35	0.5	0.4	0.6
Korean	15	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.2
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	40	15	25	0.3	0.3	0.4
Chinese languages	40	15	25	0.3	0.3	0.4
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	25	5	15	0.2	0.1	0.3
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	10	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.2
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	35	15	25	0.3	0.3	0.4
Estonian	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Finnish	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Hungarian	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	155	75	80	1.3	1.3	1.3
English and French	50	20	25	0.4	0.4	0.4
English and non-official language(s)	85	35	45	0.7	0.6	0.8
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	15	10	5	0.1	0.2	0.1
Multiple non-official languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	11,560	5,560	5,995	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	10,670	5,150	5,520	92.3	92.6	92.1
French	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Non-official language	110	60	50	1.0	1.1	0.8
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	105	55	50	0.9	1.0	0.8
English and French	185	90	90	1.6	1.6	1.5
English and non-official language(s)	525	230	295	4.5	4.1	4.9
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	45	15	30	0.4	0.3	0.5
Multiple non-official languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	11,560	5,560	5,995	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	11,460	5,515	5,945	99.1	99.2	99.2
Official languages	11,270	5,420	5,845	97.5	97.5	97.5
English	11,220	5,400	5,825	97.1	97.1	97.2
French	50	25	25	0.4	0.4	0.4
Non-official languages	195	95	95	1.7	1.7	1.6
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	190	95	95	1.6	1.7	1.6
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	125	65	65	1.1	1.2	1.1
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	55	25	35	0.5	0.4	0.6
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	35	10	20	0.3	0.2	0.3
German	35	10	20	0.3	0.2	0.3
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	60	30	30	0.5	0.5	0.5
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	35	20	15	0.3	0.4	0.3
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	25	15	10	0.2	0.3	0.2
Korean	15	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.2
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Chinese languages	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	100	45	50	0.9	0.8	0.8
English and French	25	10	20	0.2	0.2	0.3
English and non-official language(s)	65	35	35	0.6	0.6	0.6
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	11,560	5,560	5,995	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	10,870	5,255	5,620	94.0	94.5	93.7
English	95	45	50	0.8	0.8	0.8
French	140	75	70	1.2	1.3	1.2
Non-official language	375	155	220	3.2	2.8	3.7
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	375	155	220	3.2	2.8	3.7
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
French and non-official language(s)	30	15	15	0.3	0.3	0.3
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	30	15	15	0.3	0.3	0.3
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	11,275	5,460	5,810	100.0	100.0	100.0
Official languages	11,250	5,450	5,800	99.8	99.8	99.8
English	11,250	5,450	5,800	99.8	99.8	99.8
French	1,420	590	830	12.6	10.8	14.3
Non-official languages	1,685	745	940	14.9	13.6	16.2
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	1,685	745	940	14.9	13.6	16.2
Afro-Asiatic languages	80	50	30	0.7	0.9	0.5
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	80	50	30	0.7	0.9	0.5
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	30	25	0	0.3	0.5	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	45	20	25	0.4	0.4	0.4
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	35	0	35	0.3	0.0	0.6
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.3
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.3
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	1,320	590	735	11.7	10.8	12.7
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	135	60	75	1.2	1.1	1.3
Baltic languages	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Latvian	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	130	50	75	1.2	0.9	1.3
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	35	10	25	0.3	0.2	0.4
Russian	40	15	25	0.4	0.3	0.4
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.3
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	600	255	345	5.3	4.7	5.9
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	420	170	245	3.7	3.1	4.2
German	405	165	240	3.6	3.0	4.1
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	15	10	10	0.1	0.2	0.2
Yiddish	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	140	70	70	1.2	1.3	1.2
Afrikaans	40	20	20	0.4	0.4	0.3
Dutch	100	50	50	0.9	0.9	0.9
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	75	35	45	0.7	0.6	0.8
Danish	25	15	10	0.2	0.3	0.2
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Swedish	35	15	20	0.3	0.3	0.3
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	40	30	0	0.4	0.5	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	25	20	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	25	20	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	635	265	370	5.6	4.9	6.4
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	100	25	70	0.9	0.5	1.2
Portuguese	25	15	10	0.2	0.3	0.2
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	565	230	335	5.0	4.2	5.8
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	90	50	40	0.8	0.9	0.7
Korean	40	20	15	0.4	0.4	0.3
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
American Sign Language	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	75	35	45	0.7	0.6	0.8
Chinese languages	75	30	45	0.7	0.5	0.8
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	45	15	25	0.4	0.3	0.4
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	40	15	25	0.4	0.3	0.4
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	80	40	45	0.7	0.7	0.8
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Hungarian	55	25	30	0.5	0.5	0.5
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	11,270	5,460	5,810	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	415	215	210	3.7	3.9	3.6
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	410	205	205	3.6	3.8	3.5
First Nations (North American Indian)	260	130	125	2.3	2.4	2.2
Métis	145	75	70	1.3	1.4	1.2
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous identity	10,855	5,250	5,605	96.3	96.2	96.5
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	11,270	5,460	5,810	100.0	100.0	100.0
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	115	65	50	1.0	1.2	0.9
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	11,160	5,400	5,760	99.0	98.9	99.1
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	5,120	...	...	100.0	...	...
Owner	4,170	...	...	81.4	...	...
Renter	945	...	...	18.5	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	5,120	...	...	100.0	...	...
Condominium	185	...	...	3.6	...	...
Not condominium	4,935	...	...	96.4	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	5,120	...	...	100.0	...	...
No bedrooms	65	...	...	1.3	...	...
1 bedroom	670	...	...	13.1	...	...
2 bedrooms	1,635	...	...	31.9	...	...
3 bedrooms	1,735	...	...	33.9	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	1,010	...	...	19.7	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	5,120	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	1,440	...	...	28.1	...	...
5 rooms	805	...	...	15.7	...	...
6 rooms	925	...	...	18.1	...	...
7 rooms	630	...	...	12.3	...	...
8 or more rooms	1,320	...	...	25.8	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.1	...	...	6.1	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	5,120	...	...	100.0	...	...
One person or fewer per room	5,015	...	...	97.9	...	...
More than one person per room	105	...	...	2.1	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	5,120	...	...	100.0	...	...
Suitable	4,865	...	...	95.0	...	...
Not suitable	255	...	...	5.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	5,120	...	...	100.0	...	...
1960 or before	545	...	...	10.6	...	...
1961 to 1980	1,495	...	...	29.2	...	...
1981 to 1990	1,065	...	...	20.8	...	...
1991 to 2000	995	...	...	19.4	...	...
2001 to 2005	325	...	...	6.3	...	...
2006 to 2010	255	...	...	5.0	...	...
2011 to 2015	195	...	...	3.8	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	240	...	...	4.7	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	5,120	...	...	100.0	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	4,690	...	...	91.6	...	...
Major repairs needed	430	...	...	8.4	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	5,120	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-maintainer household	2,470	...	...	48.2	...	...
Two-maintainer household	2,355	...	...	46.0	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	300	...	...	5.9	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	5,120	...	...	100.0	...	...
15 to 24 years	25	...	...	0.5	...	...
25 to 34 years	255	...	...	5.0	...	...
35 to 44 years	510	...	...	10.0	...	...
45 to 54 years	765	...	...	14.9	...	...
55 to 64 years	1,185	...	...	23.1	...	...
65 to 74 years	1,455	...	...	28.4	...	...
75 to 84 years	700	...	...	13.7	...	...
85 years and over	225	...	...	4.4	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	5,005	...	...	100.0	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	3,765	...	...	75.2	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	1,235	...	...	24.7	...	...
30% to less than 100%	1,055	...	...	21.1	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	5,120	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	1,695	...	...	33.1	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	1,060	...	...	20.7	...	...
Not suitable only	165	...	...	3.2	...	...
Major repairs needed only	255	...	...	5.0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	40	...	...	0.8	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	130	...	...	2.5	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	40	...	...	0.8	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	10	...	...	0.2	...	...
Acceptable housing	3,425	...	...	66.9	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	4,825	...	...	100.0	...	...
In core need	285	...	...	5.9	...	...
Not in core need	4,540	...	...	94.1	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	4,080	...	...	...	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	45.1	...	...	45.1	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	20.0	...	...	20.0	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	3.5	...	...	3.5	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	860	...	...	860	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,330	...	...	1,330	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	800,000	...	...	800,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	952,000	...	...	952,000	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	950	...	...	...	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	10.0	...	...	10.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	45.0	...	...	45.0	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	16.5	...	...	16.5	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,050	...	...	1,050	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,126	...	...	1,126	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	...	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	11,270	5,465	5,810	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	75	35	35	0.7	0.6	0.6
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	75	35	35	0.7	0.6	0.6
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	60	30	30	0.5	0.5	0.5
Métis single ancestry	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	435	190	240	3.9	3.5	4.1
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	420	190	230	3.7	3.5	4.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	340	150	190	3.0	2.7	3.3
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	80	45	40	0.7	0.8	0.7
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.3
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	10,765	5,230	5,530	95.5	95.7	95.2
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	11,275	5,460	5,810	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	10,700	5,250	5,450	94.9	96.2	93.8
Canadian citizens aged under 18	1,600	850	750	14.2	15.6	12.9
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	9,100	4,395	4,700	80.7	80.5	80.9
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	570	215	360	5.1	3.9	6.2
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	11,275	5,460	5,810	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	8,735	4,265	4,470	77.5	78.1	76.9
Immigrants⁸¹	2,465	1,175	1,295	21.9	21.5	22.3
Before 1980	1,170	580	590	10.4	10.6	10.2
1980 to 1990	410	170	240	3.6	3.1	4.1
1991 to 2000	255	115	140	2.3	2.1	2.4
2001 to 2010	305	165	140	2.7	3.0	2.4
2011 to 2021⁸²	325	135	190	2.9	2.5	3.3
2011 to 2015	165	75	85	1.5	1.4	1.5
2016 to 2021	165	60	105	1.5	1.1	1.8
Non-permanent residents⁸³	70	25	45	0.6	0.5	0.8
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	2,465	1,175	1,295	100.0	100.0	100.0
Under 5 years	285	140	145	11.6	11.9	11.2
5 to 14 years	455	215	240	18.5	18.3	18.5
15 to 24 years	490	240	245	19.9	20.4	18.9
25 to 44 years	900	400	495	36.5	34.0	38.2
45 years and over	340	175	160	13.8	14.9	12.4
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	2,465	1,175	1,295	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	695	330	370	28.2	28.1	28.6
Brazil	10	0	0	0.4	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
El Salvador	10	0	10	0.4	0.0	0.8
Guyana	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	15	10	0	0.6	0.9	0.0
Mexico	25	0	20	1.0	0.0	1.5
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	610	285	320	24.7	24.3	24.7
Other places of birth in Americas	25	20	10	1.0	1.7	0.8
Europe	1,325	645	675	53.8	54.9	52.1
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	45	15	30	1.8	1.3	2.3
Germany	150	60	85	6.1	5.1	6.6
Greece	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	20	0	10	0.8	0.0	0.8
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Netherlands	60	30	30	2.4	2.6	2.3
Poland	15	0	15	0.6	0.0	1.2
Portugal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romania	10	0	10	0.4	0.0	0.8
Russian Federation	15	0	0	0.6	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	15	0	0	0.6	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	835	410	425	33.9	34.9	32.8
Other places of birth in Europe	145	85	65	5.9	7.2	5.0
Africa	120	65	50	4.9	5.5	3.9
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	10	10	0	0.4	0.9	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	85	40	45	3.4	3.4	3.5
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asia	265	105	160	10.8	8.9	12.4
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	15	0	15	0.6	0.0	1.2
Hong Kong⁹¹	30	10	20	1.2	0.9	1.5
Korea, South⁹²	25	15	15	1.0	1.3	1.2
Taiwan	15	0	15	0.6	0.0	1.2
Philippines	40	0	40	1.6	0.0	3.1
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	30	15	15	1.2	1.3	1.2
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	105	55	45	4.3	4.7	3.5
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	65	20	40	2.6	1.7	3.1
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	165	60	100	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	80	20	60	48.5	33.3	60.0
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	70	20	50	42.4	33.3	50.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Europe	45	15	30	27.3	25.0	30.0
France	10	0	10	6.1	0.0	10.0
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	35	15	15	21.2	25.0	15.0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asia	25	15	15	15.2	25.0	15.0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	10	0	0	6.1	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	10	0	10	6.1	0.0	10.0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	11,270	5,460	5,810	100.0	100.0	100.0
First generation¹⁰⁰	2,850	1,350	1,490	25.3	24.7	25.6
Second generation¹⁰¹	2,485	1,145	1,335	22.0	21.0	23.0
Third generation or more¹⁰²	5,940	2,960	2,980	52.7	54.2	51.3
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	1,295	590	710	100.0	100.0	100.0
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	675	325	350	52.1	55.1	49.3
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	355	195	155	27.4	33.1	21.8
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	325	130	195	25.1	22.0	27.5
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	565	230	330	43.6	39.0	46.5
Refugees¹⁰⁸	45	30	10	3.5	5.1	1.4
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	10	0	10	0.8	0.0	1.4
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	1,295	590	710	100.0	100.0	100.0
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	255	135	125	19.7	22.9	17.6
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	45	20	25	3.5	3.4	3.5
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	95	45	45	7.3	7.6	6.3
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	30	15	20	2.3	2.5	2.8
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	860	375	485	66.4	63.6	68.3
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	11,270	5,460	5,810	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	665	315	350	5.9	5.8	6.0
South Asian	85	50	35	0.8	0.9	0.6
Chinese	115	25	95	1.0	0.5	1.6
Black	75	55	25	0.7	1.0	0.4
Filipino	75	25	55	0.7	0.5	0.9
Arab	15	15	0	0.1	0.3	0.0
Latin American	65	30	35	0.6	0.5	0.6
Southeast Asian	55	25	30	0.5	0.5	0.5
West Asian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	35	20	15	0.3	0.4	0.3
Japanese	100	60	45	0.9	1.1	0.8
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple visible minorities	20	15	10	0.2	0.3	0.2
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	10,610	5,145	5,460	94.1	94.2	94.0
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	11,275	5,460	5,810	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian	1,235	710	530	11.0	13.0	9.1
English	4,205	2,010	2,195	37.3	36.8	37.8
Irish	2,490	1,095	1,400	22.1	20.1	24.1
Scottish	2,925	1,375	1,555	25.9	25.2	26.8
French, n.o.s.¹²²	1,005	450	555	8.9	8.2	9.6
German	1,840	820	1,020	16.3	15.0	17.6
Chinese	130	45	85	1.2	0.8	1.5
Italian	420	205	220	3.7	3.8	3.8
Indian (India)	70	55	10	0.6	1.0	0.2
Ukrainian	390	180	210	3.5	3.3	3.6
Dutch	515	290	230	4.6	5.3	4.0
Polish	455	180	275	4.0	3.3	4.7
Québécois	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	985	510	475	8.7	9.3	8.2
Filipino	95	30	70	0.8	0.5	1.2
French Canadian	150	75	75	1.3	1.4	1.3
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	155	85	75	1.4	1.6	1.3
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	180	80	100	1.6	1.5	1.7
Métis	110	55	55	1.0	1.0	0.9
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	260	110	145	2.3	2.0	2.5
Russian	235	100	135	2.1	1.8	2.3
Norwegian	380	175	205	3.4	3.2	3.5
Welsh	485	205	280	4.3	3.8	4.8
Portuguese	45	20	25	0.4	0.4	0.4
American	275	125	150	2.4	2.3	2.6
Spanish	140	65	70	1.2	1.2	1.2
Swedish	390	205	180	3.5	3.8	3.1
Hungarian	225	110	120	2.0	2.0	2.1
Acadian	35	20	15	0.3	0.4	0.3
Pakistani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	15	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Jewish	200	85	120	1.8	1.6	2.1
Punjabi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Greek	35	10	25	0.3	0.2	0.4
Jamaican	25	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	40	15	25	0.4	0.3	0.4
Korean	40	20	15	0.4	0.4	0.3
Romanian	105	55	55	0.9	1.0	0.9
Lebanese	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Iranian	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	35	20	15	0.3	0.4	0.3
Danish	230	140	90	2.0	2.6	1.5
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	35	10	25	0.3	0.2	0.4
Sikh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austrian	95	40	60	0.8	0.7	1.0
Belgian	60	25	40	0.5	0.5	0.7
Haitian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexican	55	20	35	0.5	0.4	0.6
Mennonite	45	10	35	0.4	0.2	0.6
Swiss	165	75	95	1.5	1.4	1.6
Finnish	145	45	100	1.3	0.8	1.7
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	75	40	35	0.7	0.7	0.6
Japanese	120	60	60	1.1	1.1	1.0
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.3
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	110	40	65	1.0	0.7	1.1
Muslim	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egyptian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	70	35	40	0.6	0.6	0.7
Colombian	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Moroccan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	70	40	35	0.6	0.7	0.6
Syrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afghan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	35	15	15	0.3	0.3	0.3
Ojibway	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Newfoundlander	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Hong Konger	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.3
Ontarian	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	15	10	10	0.1	0.2	0.2
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazilian	15	10	10	0.1	0.2	0.2
Nigerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	40	30	0	0.4	0.5	0.0
Slovak	40	10	35	0.4	0.2	0.6
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	25	0	20	0.2	0.0	0.3
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	40	30	15	0.4	0.5	0.3
South African	75	30	45	0.7	0.5	0.8
Australian	40	35	0	0.4	0.6	0.0
Palestinian	20	0	20	0.2	0.0	0.3
Chilean	35	25	10	0.3	0.5	0.2
Congolese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopian	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	15	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Peruvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	25	0	20	0.2	0.0	0.3
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovenian	20	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.2
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	40	15	25	0.4	0.3	0.4
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Canadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israeli	35	10	20	0.3	0.2	0.3
Mohawk	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Bulgarian	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Albertan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African American	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	35	15	20	0.3	0.3	0.3
Tunisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	30	20	10	0.3	0.4	0.2
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	30	15	15	0.3	0.3	0.3
Laotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Irish	15	15	0	0.1	0.3	0.0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	40	25	10	0.4	0.5	0.2
British Columbian	30	20	15	0.3	0.4	0.3
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jatt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Dominican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Abenaki	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Zealander	30	10	15	0.3	0.2	0.3
Sudanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Breton	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania Dutch	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Malaysian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gaspesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norman	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Manitoban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Honduran	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cherokee	15	15	0	0.1	0.3	0.0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Flemish	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Goan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamileke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Libyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Basque	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igorot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guinean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maliseet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Beninese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Roma	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tajik	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amhara	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	11,270	5,460	5,810	100.0	100.0	100.0
Buddhist	240	105	140	2.1	1.9	2.4
Christian	3,040	1,340	1,700	27.0	24.5	29.3
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	480	220	255	4.3	4.0	4.4
Anabaptist	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Anglican	765	340	430	6.8	6.2	7.4
Baptist	100	50	50	0.9	0.9	0.9
Catholic	755	300	460	6.7	5.5	7.9
Christian Orthodox	25	10	15	0.2	0.2	0.3
Jehovah's Witness	25	0	20	0.2	0.0	0.3
Latter Day Saints	25	15	10	0.2	0.3	0.2
Lutheran	130	80	50	1.2	1.5	0.9
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	30	10	20	0.3	0.2	0.3
Presbyterian	70	30	35	0.6	0.5	0.6
Reformed	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Church	455	190	260	4.0	3.5	4.5
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	170	80	90	1.5	1.5	1.5
Hindu	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Jewish	135	75	60	1.2	1.4	1.0
Muslim	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Sikh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Other religions and spiritual traditions	245	95	150	2.2	1.7	2.6
No religion and secular perspectives	7,575	3,840	3,735	67.2	70.3	64.3
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	11,210	5,425	5,790	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	9,925	4,790	5,135	88.5	88.3	88.7
Movers	1,285	640	650	11.5	11.8	11.2
Non-migrants	525	245	275	4.7	4.5	4.7
Migrants	765	390	370	6.8	7.2	6.4
Internal migrants	680	355	325	6.1	6.5	5.6
Intraprovincial migrants	505	265	240	4.5	4.9	4.1
Interprovincial migrants	180	95	85	1.6	1.8	1.5
External migrants	80	35	45	0.7	0.6	0.8
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	10,900	5,250	5,650	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	6,210	2,955	3,250	57.0	56.3	57.5
Movers	4,695	2,295	2,395	43.1	43.7	42.4
Non-migrants	1,535	785	755	14.1	15.0	13.4
Migrants	3,155	1,515	1,645	28.9	28.9	29.1
Internal migrants	2,855	1,370	1,485	26.2	26.1	26.3
Intraprovincial migrants	2,150	1,030	1,120	19.7	19.6	19.8
Interprovincial migrants	705	340	365	6.5	6.5	6.5
External migrants	300	140	160	2.8	2.7	2.8
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	9,920	4,760	5,160	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	905	510	395	9.1	10.7	7.7
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	9,010	4,250	4,760	90.8	89.3	92.2
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	5,375	2,530	2,845	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	280	160	120	5.2	6.3	4.2
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	5,095	2,370	2,725	94.8	93.7	95.8
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	9,920	4,755	5,160	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	765	425	340	7.7	8.9	6.6
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	2,585	1,265	1,320	26.1	26.6	25.6
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	6,565	3,065	3,505	66.2	64.5	67.9
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	2,855	1,425	1,430	28.8	30.0	27.7
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	810	585	225	8.2	12.3	4.4
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	340	195	145	3.4	4.1	2.8
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	470	380	80	4.7	8.0	1.6
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	1,820	760	1,065	18.3	16.0	20.6
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	225	90	140	2.3	1.9	2.7
Bachelor's degree or higher	3,710	1,640	2,070	37.4	34.5	40.1
Bachelor's degree	1,990	855	1,135	20.1	18.0	22.0
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	235	85	150	2.4	1.8	2.9
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	90	45	45	0.9	0.9	0.9
Master's degree	1,065	460	610	10.7	9.7	11.8
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	325	190	145	3.3	4.0	2.8
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	5,375	2,535	2,840	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	220	125	90	4.1	4.9	3.2
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	1,440	720	715	26.8	28.4	25.2
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	3,715	1,685	2,035	69.1	66.5	71.7
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,745	880	870	32.5	34.7	30.6
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	480	350	125	8.9	13.8	4.4
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	195	95	100	3.6	3.7	3.5
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	280	250	25	5.2	9.9	0.9
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	1,130	465	670	21.0	18.3	23.6
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	135	65	70	2.5	2.6	2.5
Bachelor's degree or higher	1,975	810	1,165	36.7	32.0	41.0
Bachelor's degree	1,160	500	660	21.6	19.7	23.2
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	105	35	65	2.0	1.4	2.3
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	55	20	35	1.0	0.8	1.2
Master's degree	535	200	330	10.0	7.9	11.6
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	125	50	75	2.3	2.0	2.6
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	9,915	4,760	5,160	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	3,350	1,695	1,655	33.8	35.6	32.1
Education	560	175	385	5.6	3.7	7.5
13. Education	560	175	385	5.6	3.7	7.5
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	590	180	410	6.0	3.8	7.9
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	30	25	10	0.3	0.5	0.2
50. Visual and performing arts	560	155	400	5.6	3.3	7.8
Humanities	550	190	355	5.5	4.0	6.9
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	55	15	45	0.6	0.3	0.9
23. English language and literature/letters	200	60	145	2.0	1.3	2.8
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	95	35	60	1.0	0.7	1.2
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	35	10	25	0.4	0.2	0.5
38. Philosophy and religious studies	50	25	20	0.5	0.5	0.4
39. Theology and religious vocations	35	25	15	0.4	0.5	0.3
54. History	55	20	35	0.6	0.4	0.7
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	20	0	20	0.2	0.0	0.4
Social and behavioural sciences and law	925	370	560	9.3	7.8	10.9
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	35	0	30	0.4	0.0	0.6
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	95	50	45	1.0	1.1	0.9
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	75	10	65	0.8	0.2	1.3
22. Legal professions and studies	120	50	65	1.2	1.1	1.3
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	30	15	15	0.3	0.3	0.3
42. Psychology	210	70	140	2.1	1.5	2.7
45. Social sciences	370	175	200	3.7	3.7	3.9
Business, management and public administration	815	350	465	8.2	7.4	9.0
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	90	15	75	0.9	0.3	1.5
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	720	330	390	7.3	6.9	7.6
Physical and life sciences and technologies	335	190	140	3.4	4.0	2.7
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	170	70	95	1.7	1.5	1.8
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	45	25	20	0.5	0.5	0.4
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
40. Physical sciences	115	90	25	1.2	1.9	0.5
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	215	145	70	2.2	3.0	1.4
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	165	120	45	1.7	2.5	0.9
25. Library science	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
27. Mathematics and statistics	35	15	15	0.4	0.3	0.3
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	1,000	925	75	10.1	19.4	1.5
04. Architecture and related services	90	75	10	0.9	1.6	0.2
14. Engineering	215	180	35	2.2	3.8	0.7
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	160	150	10	1.6	3.2	0.2
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	340	330	15	3.4	6.9	0.3
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	110	110	0	1.1	2.3	0.0
48. Precision production	85	80	0	0.9	1.7	0.0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	275	155	130	2.8	3.3	2.5
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	150	70	80	1.5	1.5	1.6
03. Natural resources and conservation	130	85	45	1.3	1.8	0.9
Health and related fields	955	185	770	9.6	3.9	14.9
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	120	55	65	1.2	1.2	1.3
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	820	125	700	8.3	2.6	13.6
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	15	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Personal, protective and transportation services	340	200	145	3.4	4.2	2.8
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	170	55	115	1.7	1.2	2.2
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
43. Security and protective services	35	20	20	0.4	0.4	0.4
49. Transportation and materials moving	125	115	10	1.3	2.4	0.2
Other¹⁷⁹	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	5,380	2,535	2,845	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	1,655	845	805	30.8	33.3	28.3
Education	235	80	150	4.4	3.2	5.3
13. Education	235	80	150	4.4	3.2	5.3
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	400	125	280	7.4	4.9	9.8
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	25	20	0	0.5	0.8	0.0
50. Visual and performing arts	375	105	270	7.0	4.1	9.5
Humanities	295	130	165	5.5	5.1	5.8
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	25	10	20	0.5	0.4	0.7
23. English language and literature/letters	115	55	60	2.1	2.2	2.1
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	50	25	30	0.9	1.0	1.1
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	10	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.4
38. Philosophy and religious studies	40	20	20	0.7	0.8	0.7
39. Theology and religious vocations	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
54. History	35	15	30	0.7	0.6	1.1
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	485	170	315	9.0	6.7	11.1
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	15	0	15	0.3	0.0	0.5
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	65	25	35	1.2	1.0	1.2
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	50	0	45	0.9	0.0	1.6
22. Legal professions and studies	40	10	30	0.7	0.4	1.1
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	25	10	15	0.5	0.4	0.5
42. Psychology	85	25	60	1.6	1.0	2.1
45. Social sciences	205	95	110	3.8	3.7	3.9
Business, management and public administration	445	175	275	8.3	6.9	9.7
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	30	0	30	0.6	0.0	1.1
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	410	165	245	7.6	6.5	8.6
Physical and life sciences and technologies	140	55	90	2.6	2.2	3.2
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	75	20	60	1.4	0.8	2.1
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	30	15	10	0.6	0.6	0.4
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
40. Physical sciences	45	20	20	0.8	0.8	0.7
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	155	110	45	2.9	4.3	1.6
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	125	95	35	2.3	3.7	1.2
25. Library science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
27. Mathematics and statistics	20	10	10	0.4	0.4	0.4
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	560	510	50	10.4	20.1	1.8
04. Architecture and related services	35	25	10	0.7	1.0	0.4
14. Engineering	100	75	25	1.9	3.0	0.9
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	70	60	10	1.3	2.4	0.4
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	235	225	10	4.4	8.9	0.4
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	65	65	0	1.2	2.6	0.0
48. Precision production	55	55	0	1.0	2.2	0.0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	205	100	110	3.8	3.9	3.9
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	105	35	70	2.0	1.4	2.5
03. Natural resources and conservation	100	65	35	1.9	2.6	1.2
Health and related fields	565	120	445	10.5	4.7	15.6
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	80	30	50	1.5	1.2	1.8
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	470	80	390	8.7	3.2	13.7
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	15	10	0	0.3	0.4	0.0
Personal, protective and transportation services	225	120	105	4.2	4.7	3.7
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	120	40	80	2.2	1.6	2.8
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	30	10	15	0.6	0.4	0.5
49. Transportation and materials moving	70	60	10	1.3	2.4	0.4
Other¹⁷⁹	10	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.4
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	5,380	2,535	2,845	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,655	845	805	30.8	33.3	28.3
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	3,720	1,680	2,035	69.1	66.3	71.5
Location of study inside Canada	3,070	1,415	1,655	57.1	55.8	58.2
Same as province or territory of residence	1,990	920	1,070	37.0	36.3	37.6
Different than province or territory of residence	1,085	495	585	20.2	19.5	20.6
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	645	265	380	12.0	10.5	13.4
Americas	275	95	180	5.1	3.7	6.3
United States of America	240	85	155	4.5	3.4	5.4
Mexico	15	0	10	0.3	0.0	0.4
Cuba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Americas	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
Europe	235	110	130	4.4	4.3	4.6
Belgium	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	15	0	10	0.3	0.0	0.4
Germany	40	20	20	0.7	0.8	0.7
Netherlands	15	0	15	0.3	0.0	0.5
Switzerland	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	10	10	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	110	60	50	2.0	2.4	1.8
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Europe	10	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.4
Africa	25	15	0	0.5	0.6	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	10	10	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
Other locations of study in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asia	75	25	50	1.4	1.0	1.8
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	10	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.4
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	20	0	15	0.4	0.0	0.5
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Asia	10	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.4
Oceania	40	25	20	0.7	1.0	0.7
Australia	35	25	15	0.7	1.0	0.5
New Zealand	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	9,920	4,755	5,160	...	...	...
In the labour force	5,565	2,850	2,715	...	...	...
Employed	5,260	2,705	2,555	...	...	...
Unemployed	305	145	160	...	...	...
Not in the labour force	4,355	1,910	2,445	...	...	...
Participation rate	56.1	59.9	52.6	56.1	59.9	52.6
Employment rate	53.0	56.9	49.5	53.0	56.9	49.5
Unemployment rate	5.5	5.1	5.9	5.5	5.1	5.9
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	9,915	4,760	5,160	100.0	100.0	100.0
Did not work¹⁸⁶	4,150	1,875	2,280	41.9	39.4	44.2
Worked	5,765	2,885	2,880	58.1	60.6	55.8
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	2,245	1,240	1,005	22.6	26.1	19.5
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	3,520	1,645	1,875	35.5	34.6	36.3
Average weeks worked in reference year	38.7	39.9	37.5	38.7	39.9	37.5
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	5,565	2,850	2,715	100.0	100.0	100.0
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	60	35	30	1.1	1.2	1.1
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	5,505	2,820	2,685	98.9	98.9	98.9
Employee	3,315	1,585	1,735	59.6	55.6	63.9
Permanent position	2,625	1,295	1,330	47.2	45.4	49.0
Temporary position	695	290	400	12.5	10.2	14.7
Fixed term (1 year or more)	180	65	120	3.2	2.3	4.4
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	515	230	285	9.3	8.1	10.5
Self-employed¹⁹²	2,190	1,230	955	39.4	43.2	35.2
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	5,565	2,850	2,715	100.0	100.0	100.0
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	60	35	30	1.1	1.2	1.1
All occupations¹⁹¹	5,505	2,820	2,685	98.9	98.9	98.9
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	135	90	50	2.4	3.2	1.8
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	725	210	520	13.0	7.4	19.2
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	485	350	135	8.7	12.3	5.0
3 Health occupations	315	95	220	5.7	3.3	8.1
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	620	170	460	11.1	6.0	16.9
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	475	175	295	8.5	6.1	10.9
6 Sales and service occupations	1,180	495	685	21.2	17.4	25.2
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	1,040	935	100	18.7	32.8	3.7
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	380	240	140	6.8	8.4	5.2
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	145	60	85	2.6	2.1	3.1
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	5,565	2,850	2,715	100.0	100.0	100.0
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	60	35	30	1.1	1.2	1.1
All industries¹⁹¹	5,505	2,820	2,685	98.9	98.9	98.9
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	320	155	165	5.8	5.4	6.1
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	15	10	0	0.3	0.4	0.0
22 Utilities	20	20	0	0.4	0.7	0.0
23 Construction	655	560	90	11.8	19.6	3.3
31-33 Manufacturing	175	85	90	3.1	3.0	3.3
41 Wholesale trade	50	25	25	0.9	0.9	0.9
44-45 Retail trade	605	285	315	10.9	10.0	11.6
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	270	180	90	4.9	6.3	3.3
51 Information and cultural industries	105	65	35	1.9	2.3	1.3
52 Finance and insurance	95	35	55	1.7	1.2	2.0
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	115	85	30	2.1	3.0	1.1
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	680	335	345	12.2	11.8	12.7
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	390	235	155	7.0	8.2	5.7
61 Educational services	445	175	275	8.0	6.1	10.1
62 Health care and social assistance	595	125	470	10.7	4.4	17.3
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	235	105	135	4.2	3.7	5.0
72 Accommodation and food services	355	155	195	6.4	5.4	7.2
81 Other services (except public administration)	200	90	115	3.6	3.2	4.2
91 Public administration	185	90	95	3.3	3.2	3.5
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	6,270	3,140	3,125	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	6,165	3,115	3,050	98.3	99.2	97.6
French	10	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.3
Non-official language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and French	45	10	35	0.7	0.3	1.1
English and non-official language(s)	45	20	25	0.7	0.6	0.8
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	6,270	3,140	3,125	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	6,260	3,135	3,120	99.8	99.8	99.8
Official languages	6,245	3,130	3,115	99.6	99.7	99.7
English	6,220	3,130	3,085	99.2	99.7	98.7
French	30	0	30	0.5	0.0	1.0
Non-official languages	15	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.3
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	15	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.3
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	15	10	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	15	10	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	6,270	3,140	3,125	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	6,200	3,125	3,070	98.9	99.5	98.2
English	25	0	25	0.4	0.0	0.8
French	25	10	20	0.4	0.3	0.6
Non-official language	20	0	15	0.3	0.0	0.5
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	20	0	15	0.3	0.0	0.5
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	5,260	2,705	2,555	100.0	100.0	100.0
Worked at home	1,790	910	880	34.0	33.6	34.4
Worked outside Canada	15	0	10	0.3	0.0	0.4
No fixed workplace address	925	690	235	17.6	25.5	9.2
Usual place of work	2,540	1,100	1,440	48.3	40.7	56.4
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	2,540	1,100	1,440	100.0	100.0	100.0
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	2,320	960	1,360	91.3	87.3	94.4
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	90	45	45	3.5	4.1	3.1
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	115	80	35	4.5	7.3	2.4
Commute to a different province or territory	20	10	0	0.8	0.9	0.0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	3,460	1,790	1,675	100.0	100.0	100.0
Car, truck or van	2,900	1,515	1,380	83.8	84.6	82.4
Car, truck or van - as a driver	2,620	1,400	1,215	75.7	78.2	72.5
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	280	115	160	8.1	6.4	9.6
Public transit	100	65	35	2.9	3.6	2.1
Walked	305	115	185	8.8	6.4	11.0
Bicycle	70	30	35	2.0	1.7	2.1
Other method	90	60	35	2.6	3.4	2.1
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	3,460	1,790	1,675	100.0	100.0	100.0
Less than 15 minutes	2,110	1,005	1,110	61.0	56.1	66.3
15 to 29 minutes	1,000	560	435	28.9	31.3	26.0
30 to 44 minutes	200	125	75	5.8	7.0	4.5
45 to 59 minutes	45	25	15	1.3	1.4	0.9
60 minutes and over	110	80	30	3.2	4.5	1.8
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	3,460	1,790	1,675	100.0	100.0	100.0
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	155	95	60	4.5	5.3	3.6
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	255	140	115	7.4	7.8	6.9
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	830	505	320	24.0	28.2	19.1
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	1,075	540	530	31.1	30.2	31.6
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	905	375	525	26.2	20.9	31.3
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	240	130	115	6.9	7.3	6.9
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	1,660	855	805	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	150	80	70	9.0	9.4	8.7
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	1,510	775	735	91.0	90.6	91.3
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	1,295	670	625	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	115	65	50	8.9	9.7	8.0
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	20	10	10	1.5	1.5	1.6
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	95	55	40	7.3	8.2	6.4
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	1,180	605	575	91.1	90.3	92.0

Symbol legend

...
not applicable

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 30, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

Language selection

Search and menus

Search

Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Symbol legend

Note(s):

Census Profile, 2021 Census of PopulationProfile table

Add a geography

Add or remove data

Symbol legend

Source

How to cite

Note(s):

Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table