Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	North Saanich, District municipality (DM)More information: British Columbia [Census subdivision]
	Counts			Rates
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	12,235	...	...	...	...	...
Population, 2016¹	11,249	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	8.8	...	...	8.8	...	...
Total private dwellings²	5,235	...	...	...	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	5,010	...	...	...	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	329.2	...	...	329.2	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	37.16	...	...	...	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	12,235	5,985	6,255	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	1,395	730	665	11.4	12.2	10.6
0 to 4 years	390	200	195	3.2	3.3	3.1
5 to 9 years	470	240	230	3.8	4.0	3.7
10 to 14 years	530	285	245	4.3	4.8	3.9
15 to 64 years	6,605	3,130	3,475	54.0	52.3	55.6
15 to 19 years	540	275	270	4.4	4.6	4.3
20 to 24 years	470	235	230	3.8	3.9	3.7
25 to 29 years	370	185	180	3.0	3.1	2.9
30 to 34 years	455	220	245	3.7	3.7	3.9
35 to 39 years	545	265	280	4.5	4.4	4.5
40 to 44 years	555	280	270	4.5	4.7	4.3
45 to 49 years	620	265	355	5.1	4.4	5.7
50 to 54 years	785	360	425	6.4	6.0	6.8
55 to 59 years	1,005	465	545	8.2	7.8	8.7
60 to 64 years	1,250	570	685	10.2	9.5	11.0
65 years and over	4,240	2,125	2,115	34.7	35.5	33.8
65 to 69 years	1,260	605	655	10.3	10.1	10.5
70 to 74 years	1,285	620	660	10.5	10.4	10.6
75 to 79 years	855	450	405	7.0	7.5	6.5
80 to 84 years	455	235	220	3.7	3.9	3.5
85 years and over	390	215	175	3.2	3.6	2.8
85 to 89 years	260	145	110	2.1	2.4	1.8
90 to 94 years	100	55	45	0.8	0.9	0.7
95 to 99 years	30	10	20	0.2	0.2	0.3
100 years and over	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	11.4	12.2	10.6	11.4	12.2	10.6
15 to 64 years	54.0	52.3	55.6	54.0	52.3	55.6
65 years and over	34.7	35.5	33.8	34.7	35.5	33.8
85 years and over	3.2	3.6	2.8	3.2	3.6	2.8
Average age of the population	51.0	50.7	51.2	51.0	50.7	51.2
Median age of the population	56.8	56.8	57.2	56.8	56.8	57.2
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	5,010	...	...	100.0	...	...
Single-detached house	3,970	...	...	79.2	...	...
Semi-detached house	95	...	...	1.9	...	...
Row house	210	...	...	4.2	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	590	...	...	11.8	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	130	...	...	2.6	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Other single-attached house	5	...	...	0.1	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	5	...	...	0.1	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	5,010	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 person	945	...	...	18.9	...	...
2 persons	2,430	...	...	48.5	...	...
3 persons	665	...	...	13.3	...	...
4 persons	650	...	...	13.0	...	...
5 or more persons	315	...	...	6.3	...	...
Number of persons in private households	12,190	5,955	6,235	100.0	100.0	100.0
Average household size	2.4	...	...	2.4	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	10,840	5,250	5,590	100.0	100.0	100.0
Married or living common-law	7,805	3,880	3,930	72.0	73.9	70.3
Married	6,805	3,385	3,415	62.8	64.5	61.1
Living common-law	1,000	495	510	9.2	9.4	9.1
Living common law - Never married	535	255	280	4.9	4.9	5.0
Living common law - Separated	35	15	20	0.3	0.3	0.4
Living common law - Divorced	385	205	180	3.6	3.9	3.2
Living common law - Widowed	45	20	25	0.4	0.4	0.4
Not married and not living common-law	3,035	1,375	1,665	28.0	26.2	29.8
Not married and not living common law - Never married	1,840	970	865	17.0	18.5	15.5
Not married and not living common law - Separated	140	70	70	1.3	1.3	1.3
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	525	190	330	4.8	3.6	5.9
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	535	145	395	4.9	2.8	7.1
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	4,140	...	...	100.0	...	...
2 persons	2,720	...	...	65.7	...	...
3 persons	620	...	...	15.0	...	...
4 persons	630	...	...	15.2	...	...
5 or more persons	175	...	...	4.2	...	...
Average size of census families	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.7	...	...	1.7	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	4,135	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total couple families	3,855	...	...	93.2	...	...
Married couples	3,355	...	...	81.1	...	...
With children⁶	1,200	...	...	29.0	...	...
Without children	2,155	...	...	52.1	...	...
Common-law couples	505	...	...	12.2	...	...
With children⁶	125	...	...	3.0	...	...
Without children	375	...	...	9.1	...	...
Total one-parent families	285	...	...	6.9	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	200	...	...	4.8	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	75	...	...	1.8	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	12,190	5,955	6,235	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total - Persons in census families	10,710	5,375	5,335	87.9	90.3	85.6
Married spouses or common-law partners	7,715	3,840	3,875	63.3	64.5	62.1
Parents in one-parent families	280	80	205	2.3	1.3	3.3
Children⁶	2,715	1,455	1,265	22.3	24.4	20.3
In a two-parent family	2,310	1,220	1,090	18.9	20.5	17.5
In a one-parent family	410	235	175	3.4	3.9	2.8
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	1,480	580	900	12.1	9.7	14.4
Living alone	945	345	600	7.8	5.8	9.6
Living with other relatives⁷	230	90	140	1.9	1.5	2.2
Living with non-relatives only	300	145	155	2.5	2.4	2.5
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	5,010	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	3,545	...	...	70.8	...	...
Couple-family households	3,350	...	...	66.9	...	...
With children⁶	1,120	...	...	22.4	...	...
Without children	2,230	...	...	44.5	...	...
One-parent-family households	195	...	...	3.9	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	150	...	...	3.0	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	75	...	...	1.5	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	205	...	...	4.1	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	90	...	...	1.8	...	...
One-person households	945	...	...	18.9	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	10,795	5,220	5,575	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	10,620	5,150	5,470	98.4	98.7	98.1
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	52,000	63,200	44,000	52,000	63,200	44,000
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	10,620	5,150	5,470	98.4	98.7	98.1
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	46,000	55,200	39,200	46,000	55,200	39,200
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	10,105	4,945	5,165	93.6	94.7	92.6
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	44,400	55,600	34,800	44,400	55,600	34,800
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	6,675	3,385	3,290	61.8	64.8	59.0
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	40,400	51,600	33,200	40,400	51,600	33,200
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	8,230	3,780	4,450	76.2	72.4	79.8
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	12,600	13,400	12,000	12,600	13,400	12,000
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	490	200	290	4.5	3.8	5.2
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,360	4,400	5,640	5,360	4,400	5,640
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	1,805	800	1,005	16.7	15.3	18.0
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	10,800	5,225	5,570	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	10,635	5,145	5,485	98.5	98.5	98.5
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	75,500	83,100	68,400	75,500	83,100	68,400
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	10,635	5,145	5,485	98.5	98.5	98.5
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	59,950	66,600	53,650	59,950	66,600	53,650
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	10,060	4,870	5,190	93.1	93.2	93.2
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	70,100	78,400	62,300	70,100	78,400	62,300
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	6,675	3,370	3,305	61.8	64.5	59.3
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	56,650	69,100	43,960	56,650	69,100	43,960
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	8,310	3,845	4,470	76.9	73.6	80.3
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	11,740	11,860	11,640	11,740	11,860	11,640
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	520	225	295	4.8	4.3	5.3
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,940	4,960	6,700	5,940	4,960	6,700
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	1,890	850	1,040	17.5	16.3	18.7
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,890	8,560	9,160	8,890	8,560	9,160
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	10,795	5,225	5,570	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	3,105	1,715	1,385	28.8	32.8	24.9
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	75,500	85,000	69,000	75,500	85,000	69,000
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	87,600	99,400	73,000	87,600	99,400	73,000
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	2,635	1,200	1,430	24.4	23.0	25.7
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	17,400	19,600	15,800	17,400	19,600	15,800
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	30,320	37,200	24,600	30,320	37,200	24,600
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	87.8	89.4	86.2	87.8	89.4	86.2
Employment income (%)¹⁹	47.1	54.5	38.8	47.1	54.5	38.8
Government transfers (%)²⁰	12.2	10.7	13.8	12.2	10.7	13.8
Employment insurance benefits (%)	0.4	0.3	0.5	0.4	0.3	0.5
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	2.7	2.2	3.2	2.7	2.2	3.2
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	2.1	1.7	2.5	2.1	1.7	2.5
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	10,800	5,225	5,570	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without total income	180	75	100	1.7	1.4	1.8
With total income	10,620	5,145	5,470	98.3	98.5	98.2
Under $10,000 (including loss)	730	290	440	6.9	5.6	8.0
$10,000 to $19,999	1,005	350	655	9.5	6.8	12.0
$20,000 to $29,999	1,300	520	780	12.2	10.1	14.3
$30,000 to $39,999	1,055	410	645	9.9	8.0	11.8
$40,000 to $49,999	1,020	440	575	9.6	8.6	10.5
$50,000 to $59,999	920	425	495	8.7	8.3	9.0
$60,000 to $69,999	810	395	420	7.6	7.7	7.7
$70,000 to $79,999	730	395	330	6.9	7.7	6.0
$80,000 to $89,999	600	335	270	5.6	6.5	4.9
$90,000 to $99,999	485	275	215	4.6	5.3	3.9
$100,000 and over	1,970	1,310	660	18.5	25.5	12.1
$100,000 to $149,999	1,115	695	425	10.5	13.5	7.8
$150,000 and over	855	620	235	8.1	12.1	4.3
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	10,800	5,225	5,570	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without after-tax income	175	75	100	1.6	1.4	1.8
With after-tax income	10,625	5,145	5,475	98.4	98.5	98.3
Under $10,000 (including loss)	840	310	525	7.9	6.0	9.6
$10,000 to $19,999	1,060	370	690	10.0	7.2	12.6
$20,000 to $29,999	1,420	575	850	13.4	11.2	15.5
$30,000 to $39,999	1,215	480	730	11.4	9.3	13.3
$40,000 to $49,999	1,210	550	655	11.4	10.7	12.0
$50,000 to $59,999	1,060	520	540	10.0	10.1	9.9
$60,000 to $69,999	920	495	425	8.7	9.6	7.8
$70,000 to $79,999	735	425	310	6.9	8.3	5.7
$80,000 to $89,999	530	305	220	5.0	5.9	4.0
$90,000 to $99,999	355	205	150	3.3	4.0	2.7
$100,000 and over	1,285	900	385	12.1	17.5	7.0
$100,000 to $124,999	540	365	175	5.1	7.1	3.2
$125,000 and over	745	530	215	7.0	10.3	3.9
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	10,800	5,225	5,570	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without employment income	4,120	1,840	2,280	38.1	35.2	40.9
With employment income	6,675	3,385	3,290	61.8	64.8	59.1
Under $5,000 (including loss)	1,150	575	575	17.2	17.0	17.5
$5,000 to $9,999	470	200	265	7.0	5.9	8.1
$10,000 to $19,999	720	295	420	10.8	8.7	12.8
$20,000 to $29,999	500	205	295	7.5	6.1	9.0
$30,000 to $39,999	470	200	270	7.0	5.9	8.2
$40,000 to $49,999	420	185	240	6.3	5.5	7.3
$50,000 to $59,999	465	200	265	7.0	5.9	8.1
$60,000 to $69,999	380	170	205	5.7	5.0	6.2
$70,000 to $79,999	360	195	160	5.4	5.8	4.9
$80,000 to $89,999	335	185	150	5.0	5.5	4.6
$90,000 to $99,999	280	165	115	4.2	4.9	3.5
$100,000 and over	1,130	800	330	16.9	23.6	10.0
$100,000 to $124,999	415	265	150	6.2	7.8	4.6
$125,000 and over	710	535	180	10.6	15.8	5.5
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	10,795	5,220	5,575	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	10,410	5,035	5,380	96.4	96.5	96.5
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	52,400	64,500	42,400	52,400	64,500	42,400
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	10,445	5,035	5,405	96.8	96.5	97.0
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	45,600	55,600	37,200	45,600	55,600	37,200
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	10,015	4,880	5,135	92.8	93.5	92.1
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	46,000	58,400	36,400	46,000	58,400	36,400
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	7,205	3,625	3,580	66.7	69.4	64.2
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	38,400	49,600	30,600	38,400	49,600	30,600
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	6,760	2,995	3,765	62.6	57.4	67.5
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	11,800	13,400	10,400	11,800	13,400	10,400
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	350	130	220	3.2	2.5	3.9
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	5,000	4,040	5,840	5,000	4,040	5,840
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	10,800	5,225	5,570	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	10,410	5,015	5,395	96.4	96.0	96.9
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	69,300	84,300	55,400	69,300	84,300	55,400
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	10,430	5,020	5,410	96.6	96.1	97.1
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	56,200	67,600	45,640	56,200	67,600	45,640
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	10,005	4,850	5,155	92.6	92.8	92.5
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	65,000	80,400	50,520	65,000	80,400	50,520
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	7,240	3,645	3,600	67.0	69.8	64.6
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	55,450	67,800	43,000	55,450	67,800	43,000
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	6,695	2,995	3,700	62.0	57.3	66.4
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	10,700	11,130	10,360	10,700	11,130	10,360
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	360	140	220	3.3	2.7	3.9
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	7,360	5,700	8,400	7,360	5,700	8,400
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	10,795	5,225	5,570	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	3,080	1,695	1,385	28.5	32.4	24.9
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	72,500	83,000	63,200	72,500	83,000	63,200
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	86,200	97,700	72,000	86,200	97,700	72,000
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	2,515	1,140	1,375	23.3	21.8	24.7
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	22,600	25,400	18,600	22,600	25,400	18,600
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	38,760	48,500	30,800	38,760	48,500	30,800
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	90.0	92.2	87.2	90.0	92.2	87.2
Employment income (%)	55.6	58.4	51.7	55.6	58.4	51.7
Government transfers (%)	9.9	7.9	12.8	9.9	7.9	12.8
Employment insurance benefits (%)	0.4	0.2	0.6	0.4	0.2	0.6
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	5,010	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	121,000	...	...	121,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	104,000	...	...	104,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	945	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	59,200	...	...	59,200	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	51,200	...	...	51,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	4,065	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	136,000	...	...	136,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	117,000	...	...	117,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	5,010	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	160,200	...	...	160,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	127,200	...	...	127,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	960	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	126,600	...	...	126,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	87,800	...	...	87,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	4,055	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	168,200	...	...	168,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	136,400	...	...	136,400	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	5,010	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	25	...	...	0.5	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	10	...	...	0.2	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	30	...	...	0.6	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	25	...	...	0.5	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	80	...	...	1.6	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	75	...	...	1.5	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	75	...	...	1.5	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	105	...	...	2.1	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	120	...	...	2.4	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	105	...	...	2.1	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	230	...	...	4.6	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	250	...	...	5.0	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	290	...	...	5.8	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	280	...	...	5.6	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	270	...	...	5.4	...	...
$100,000 and over	3,025	...	...	60.4	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	640	...	...	12.8	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	515	...	...	10.3	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	790	...	...	15.8	...	...
$200,000 and over	1,085	...	...	21.7	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	5,010	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	45	...	...	0.9	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	10	...	...	0.2	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	35	...	...	0.7	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	30	...	...	0.6	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	95	...	...	1.9	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	80	...	...	1.6	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	85	...	...	1.7	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	125	...	...	2.5	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	130	...	...	2.6	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	140	...	...	2.8	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	295	...	...	5.9	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	320	...	...	6.4	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	355	...	...	7.1	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	345	...	...	6.9	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	295	...	...	5.9	...	...
$100,000 and over	2,630	...	...	52.5	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	720	...	...	14.4	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	585	...	...	11.7	...	...
$150,000 and over	1,325	...	...	26.4	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	4,030	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	134,000	...	...	134,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	116,000	...	...	116,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	2,320	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	117,000	...	...	117,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	101,000	...	...	101,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	1,330	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	174,000	...	...	174,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	147,000	...	...	147,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	4.0	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	250	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	89,000	...	...	89,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	78,000	...	...	78,000	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	1,250	490	755	...	...	...
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	54,000	58,400	51,200	54,000	58,400	51,200
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	47,200	51,200	45,600	47,200	51,200	45,600
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	4,010	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	160,400	...	...	160,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	131,200	...	...	131,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	2,310	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	145,200	...	...	145,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	119,300	...	...	119,300	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,310	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	196,600	...	...	196,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	157,800	...	...	157,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	235	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	97,000	...	...	97,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	85,000	...	...	85,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	1,285	475	815	...	...	...
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	124,000	77,200	151,600	124,000	77,200	151,600
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	86,800	60,200	102,400	86,800	60,200	102,400
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	12,190	5,955	6,240	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	1,710	890	825	14.0	14.9	13.2
0 to 5 years	490	255	240	4.0	4.3	3.8
18 to 64 years	6,250	2,945	3,300	51.3	49.5	52.9
65 years and over	4,230	2,120	2,110	34.7	35.6	33.8
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	590	275	320	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	90	50	35	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	20	10	10	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	305	140	160	...	...	...
65 years and over	195	80	120	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	4.8	4.6	5.1	4.8	4.6	5.1
0 to 17 years (%)	5.1	6.0	4.0	5.1	6.0	4.0
0 to 5 years (%)	4.4	4.5	4.5	4.4	4.5	4.5
18 to 64 years (%)	4.9	4.8	5.0	4.9	4.8	5.0
65 years and over (%)	4.6	3.7	5.6	4.6	3.7	5.6
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	12,195	5,955	6,235	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	1,710	890	820	14.0	14.9	13.2
0 to 5 years	490	250	235	4.0	4.2	3.8
18 to 64 years	6,250	2,945	3,305	51.3	49.5	53.0
65 years and over	4,230	2,120	2,110	34.7	35.6	33.8
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	280	130	145	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	50	25	20	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	10	0	5	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	175	80	90	...	...	...
65 years and over	60	25	30	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	2.3	2.2	2.4	2.3	2.2	2.4
0 to 17 years (%)	2.8	3.0	2.6	2.8	3.0	2.6
0 to 5 years (%)	1.6	x	2.0	1.6	x	2.0
18 to 64 years (%)	2.8	2.7	2.8	2.8	2.7	2.8
65 years and over (%)	1.4	1.3	1.5	1.4	1.3	1.5
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	12,190	5,955	6,240	100.0	100.0	100.0
In bottom half of the distribution	3,275	1,540	1,735	26.9	25.9	27.8
In bottom decile	540	250	295	4.4	4.2	4.7
In second decile	575	270	310	4.7	4.5	5.0
In third decile	580	265	315	4.8	4.5	5.0
In fourth decile	780	370	415	6.4	6.2	6.7
In fifth decile	795	390	405	6.5	6.5	6.5
In top half of the distribution	8,920	4,415	4,505	73.2	74.1	72.2
In sixth decile	1,020	495	530	8.4	8.3	8.5
In seventh decile	1,330	640	690	10.9	10.7	11.1
In eighth decile	1,560	775	785	12.8	13.0	12.6
In ninth decile	2,080	1,030	1,045	17.1	17.3	16.7
In top decile	2,925	1,475	1,450	24.0	24.8	23.2
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	12,195	...	...	12,195	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.364	...	...	0.364	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.438	...	...	0.438	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.315	...	...	0.315	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.6	...	...	3.6	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	12,220	5,970	6,250	100.0	100.0	100.0
English only	10,945	5,410	5,530	89.6	90.6	88.5
French only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and French	1,250	555	700	10.2	9.3	11.2
Neither English nor French	15	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.2
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	12,220	5,970	6,250	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	12,055	5,905	6,155	98.6	98.9	98.5
French	125	55	70	1.0	0.9	1.1
English and French	20	5	10	0.2	0.1	0.2
Neither English nor French	20	5	10	0.2	0.1	0.2
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	12,220	5,970	6,250	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	12,080	5,900	6,175	98.9	98.8	98.8
Official languages	11,055	5,455	5,605	90.5	91.4	89.7
English	10,930	5,400	5,530	89.4	90.5	88.5
French	130	50	75	1.1	0.8	1.2
Non-official languages	1,020	450	570	8.3	7.5	9.1
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	1,020	450	565	8.3	7.5	9.0
Afro-Asiatic languages	15	10	5	0.1	0.2	0.1
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	15	10	5	0.1	0.2	0.1
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	15	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	40	10	30	0.3	0.2	0.5
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	30	15	25	0.2	0.3	0.4
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	10	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.2
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	710	330	380	5.8	5.5	6.1
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	120	55	65	1.0	0.9	1.0
Baltic languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Latvian	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Lithuanian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	120	55	65	1.0	0.9	1.0
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	15	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Macedonian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	40	20	20	0.3	0.3	0.3
Russian	25	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	10	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	350	160	190	2.9	2.7	3.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	190	80	110	1.6	1.3	1.8
German	185	80	105	1.5	1.3	1.7
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	115	55	55	0.9	0.9	0.9
Afrikaans	20	5	10	0.2	0.1	0.2
Dutch	95	45	50	0.8	0.8	0.8
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	45	25	25	0.4	0.4	0.4
Danish	15	10	5	0.1	0.2	0.1
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Swedish	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	30	15	15	0.2	0.3	0.2
Indo-Iranian languages	80	30	45	0.7	0.5	0.7
Indo-Aryan languages	60	25	35	0.5	0.4	0.6
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	45	20	30	0.4	0.3	0.5
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	20	10	5	0.2	0.2	0.1
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	20	10	5	0.2	0.2	0.1
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	20	10	5	0.2	0.2	0.1
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	130	60	65	1.1	1.0	1.0
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	40	20	20	0.3	0.3	0.3
Portuguese	15	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.2
Romanian	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Spanish	65	30	35	0.5	0.5	0.6
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	20	5	15	0.2	0.1	0.2
Korean	15	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.2
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	150	60	85	1.2	1.0	1.4
Chinese languages	150	60	85	1.2	1.0	1.4
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	65	30	40	0.5	0.5	0.6
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Wu (Shanghainese)	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Yue (Cantonese)	70	30	45	0.6	0.5	0.7
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	25	15	15	0.2	0.3	0.2
Estonian	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Finnish	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Hungarian	15	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	135	65	70	1.1	1.1	1.1
English and French	45	25	20	0.4	0.4	0.3
English and non-official language(s)	75	35	40	0.6	0.6	0.6
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	10	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.2
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	12,220	5,970	6,250	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	11,395	5,605	5,795	93.2	93.9	92.7
French	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Non-official language	125	55	65	1.0	0.9	1.0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	125	55	65	1.0	0.9	1.0
English and French	110	45	70	0.9	0.8	1.1
English and non-official language(s)	535	255	285	4.4	4.3	4.6
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	30	10	20	0.2	0.2	0.3
Multiple non-official languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	12,220	5,970	6,250	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	12,135	5,925	6,210	99.3	99.2	99.4
Official languages	11,895	5,815	6,075	97.3	97.4	97.2
English	11,875	5,805	6,070	97.2	97.2	97.1
French	20	5	10	0.2	0.1	0.2
Non-official languages	245	110	130	2.0	1.8	2.1
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	245	110	130	2.0	1.8	2.1
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	135	60	75	1.1	1.0	1.2
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	15	10	10	0.1	0.2	0.2
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	15	10	10	0.1	0.2	0.2
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Russian	10	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	45	20	25	0.4	0.3	0.4
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	15	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.2
German	15	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.2
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Afrikaans	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Dutch	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Danish	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Indo-Iranian languages	35	15	20	0.3	0.3	0.3
Indo-Aryan languages	30	10	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	30	10	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	10	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	10	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	10	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	35	20	15	0.3	0.3	0.2
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Portuguese	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	25	15	10	0.2	0.3	0.2
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Korean	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
American Sign Language	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	70	30	40	0.6	0.5	0.6
Chinese languages	70	30	40	0.6	0.5	0.6
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	45	20	30	0.4	0.3	0.5
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	20	10	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	85	45	35	0.7	0.8	0.6
English and French	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
English and non-official language(s)	70	40	30	0.6	0.7	0.5
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	12,215	5,970	6,245	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	11,605	5,700	5,905	95.0	95.5	94.6
English	115	55	60	0.9	0.9	1.0
French	100	35	60	0.8	0.6	1.0
Non-official language	345	160	180	2.8	2.7	2.9
Indigenous³⁹	10	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Non-Indigenous	340	160	180	2.8	2.7	2.9
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	25	5	20	0.2	0.1	0.3
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	25	10	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	12,190	5,955	6,240	100.0	100.0	100.0
Official languages	12,160	5,940	6,215	99.8	99.7	99.6
English	12,160	5,940	6,215	99.8	99.7	99.6
French	1,230	550	680	10.1	9.2	10.9
Non-official languages	1,560	665	890	12.8	11.2	14.3
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	1,550	660	890	12.7	11.1	14.3
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	15	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	15	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	30	0	20	0.2	0.0	0.3
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	20	0	20	0.2	0.0	0.3
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	1,190	520	665	9.8	8.7	10.7
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	115	60	55	0.9	1.0	0.9
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	110	60	50	0.9	1.0	0.8
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	50	35	20	0.4	0.6	0.3
Russian	25	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	20	15	10	0.2	0.3	0.2
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	20	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.2
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	475	210	265	3.9	3.5	4.2
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	295	125	170	2.4	2.1	2.7
German	285	115	170	2.3	1.9	2.7
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	20	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.2
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	140	65	75	1.1	1.1	1.2
Afrikaans	30	15	10	0.2	0.3	0.2
Dutch	120	55	65	1.0	0.9	1.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	55	30	25	0.5	0.5	0.4
Danish	25	15	10	0.2	0.3	0.2
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	25	15	10	0.2	0.3	0.2
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	35	20	15	0.3	0.3	0.2
Indo-Iranian languages	185	75	110	1.5	1.3	1.8
Indo-Aryan languages	185	75	110	1.5	1.3	1.8
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	160	60	100	1.3	1.0	1.6
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	415	170	240	3.4	2.9	3.8
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	70	30	45	0.6	0.5	0.7
Portuguese	25	15	10	0.2	0.3	0.2
Romanian	30	10	20	0.2	0.2	0.3
Spanish	310	130	190	2.5	2.2	3.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	65	20	45	0.5	0.3	0.7
Korean	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
American Sign Language	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	170	70	100	1.4	1.2	1.6
Chinese languages	170	70	100	1.4	1.2	1.6
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	120	50	70	1.0	0.8	1.1
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	65	35	35	0.5	0.6	0.6
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	25	10	20	0.2	0.2	0.3
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	25	10	20	0.2	0.2	0.3
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	25	15	10	0.2	0.3	0.2
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	25	15	10	0.2	0.3	0.2
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	40	15	25	0.3	0.3	0.4
Estonian	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	25	15	10	0.2	0.3	0.2
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	12,190	5,955	6,235	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	340	200	140	2.8	3.4	2.2
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	280	170	110	2.3	2.9	1.8
First Nations (North American Indian)	95	75	20	0.8	1.3	0.3
Métis	180	95	85	1.5	1.6	1.4
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	45	25	20	0.4	0.4	0.3
Non-Indigenous identity	11,850	5,750	6,095	97.2	96.6	97.8
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	12,190	5,955	6,235	100.0	100.0	100.0
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	115	85	30	0.9	1.4	0.5
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	12,080	5,875	6,205	99.1	98.7	99.5
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	5,010	...	...	100.0	...	...
Owner	4,405	...	...	87.9	...	...
Renter	605	...	...	12.1	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	5,010	...	...	100.0	...	...
Condominium	220	...	...	4.4	...	...
Not condominium	4,790	...	...	95.6	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	5,010	...	...	100.0	...	...
No bedrooms	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
1 bedroom	255	...	...	5.1	...	...
2 bedrooms	855	...	...	17.1	...	...
3 bedrooms	2,040	...	...	40.7	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	1,855	...	...	37.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	5,010	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	475	...	...	9.5	...	...
5 rooms	525	...	...	10.5	...	...
6 rooms	690	...	...	13.8	...	...
7 rooms	735	...	...	14.7	...	...
8 or more rooms	2,585	...	...	51.6	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	7.8	...	...	7.8	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	5,010	...	...	100.0	...	...
One person or fewer per room	4,990	...	...	99.6	...	...
More than one person per room	15	...	...	0.3	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	5,010	...	...	100.0	...	...
Suitable	4,930	...	...	98.4	...	...
Not suitable	80	...	...	1.6	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	5,010	...	...	100.0	...	...
1960 or before	580	...	...	11.6	...	...
1961 to 1980	1,525	...	...	30.4	...	...
1981 to 1990	1,285	...	...	25.6	...	...
1991 to 2000	670	...	...	13.4	...	...
2001 to 2005	165	...	...	3.3	...	...
2006 to 2010	215	...	...	4.3	...	...
2011 to 2015	190	...	...	3.8	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	375	...	...	7.5	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	5,010	...	...	100.0	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	4,840	...	...	96.6	...	...
Major repairs needed	170	...	...	3.4	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	5,010	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-maintainer household	1,785	...	...	35.6	...	...
Two-maintainer household	2,980	...	...	59.5	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	245	...	...	4.9	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	5,010	...	...	100.0	...	...
15 to 24 years	30	...	...	0.6	...	...
25 to 34 years	225	...	...	4.5	...	...
35 to 44 years	480	...	...	9.6	...	...
45 to 54 years	660	...	...	13.2	...	...
55 to 64 years	1,190	...	...	23.8	...	...
65 to 74 years	1,370	...	...	27.3	...	...
75 to 84 years	795	...	...	15.9	...	...
85 years and over	255	...	...	5.1	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	4,975	...	...	100.0	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	4,225	...	...	84.9	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	745	...	...	15.0	...	...
30% to less than 100%	675	...	...	13.6	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	5,010	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	925	...	...	18.5	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	680	...	...	13.6	...	...
Not suitable only	65	...	...	1.3	...	...
Major repairs needed only	110	...	...	2.2	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	15	...	...	0.3	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	55	...	...	1.1	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Acceptable housing	4,085	...	...	81.5	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	4,895	...	...	100.0	...	...
In core need	285	...	...	5.8	...	...
Not in core need	4,615	...	...	94.3	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	4,380	...	...	...	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	45.5	...	...	45.5	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	12.6	...	...	12.6	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	3.6	...	...	3.6	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,010	...	...	1,010	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,684	...	...	1,684	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	1,200,000	...	...	1,200,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	1,322,000	...	...	1,322,000	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	600	...	...	...	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	10.0	...	...	10.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	32.8	...	...	32.8	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	22.6	...	...	22.6	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,210	...	...	1,210	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,370	...	...	1,370	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	...	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	12,190	5,955	6,235	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	85	55	30	0.7	0.9	0.5
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	80	55	20	0.7	0.9	0.3
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	35	30	10	0.3	0.5	0.2
Métis single ancestry	40	30	15	0.3	0.5	0.2
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	350	190	160	2.9	3.2	2.6
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	340	190	155	2.8	3.2	2.5
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	225	135	85	1.8	2.3	1.4
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	110	50	65	0.9	0.8	1.0
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	11,760	5,715	6,045	96.5	96.0	97.0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	12,195	5,955	6,235	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	11,795	5,810	5,985	96.7	97.6	96.0
Canadian citizens aged under 18	1,650	865	785	13.5	14.5	12.6
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	10,145	4,945	5,200	83.2	83.0	83.4
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	400	145	255	3.3	2.4	4.1
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	12,195	5,955	6,235	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	10,075	4,970	5,105	82.6	83.5	81.9
Immigrants⁸¹	2,030	950	1,075	16.6	16.0	17.2
Before 1980	1,115	535	580	9.1	9.0	9.3
1980 to 1990	240	120	120	2.0	2.0	1.9
1991 to 2000	260	140	120	2.1	2.4	1.9
2001 to 2010	240	90	155	2.0	1.5	2.5
2011 to 2021⁸²	170	70	100	1.4	1.2	1.6
2011 to 2015	85	30	60	0.7	0.5	1.0
2016 to 2021	80	40	45	0.7	0.7	0.7
Non-permanent residents⁸³	90	35	55	0.7	0.6	0.9
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	2,025	950	1,075	100.0	100.0	100.0
Under 5 years	205	110	95	10.1	11.6	8.8
5 to 14 years	420	210	210	20.7	22.1	19.5
15 to 24 years	405	185	225	20.0	19.5	20.9
25 to 44 years	800	360	445	39.5	37.9	41.4
45 years and over	190	90	100	9.4	9.5	9.3
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	2,025	950	1,075	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	285	120	165	14.1	12.6	15.3
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	10	10	0	0.5	1.1	0.0
El Salvador	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyana	10	0	10	0.5	0.0	0.9
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	20	10	15	1.0	1.1	1.4
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidad and Tobago	10	10	0	0.5	1.1	0.0
United States of America	195	85	115	9.6	8.9	10.7
Other places of birth in Americas	20	10	10	1.0	1.1	0.9
Europe	1,300	635	665	64.2	66.8	61.9
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	15	0	10	0.7	0.0	0.9
Germany	100	40	60	4.9	4.2	5.6
Greece	25	15	10	1.2	1.6	0.9
Hungary	10	10	0	0.5	1.1	0.0
Italy	25	15	15	1.2	1.6	1.4
Netherlands	100	50	55	4.9	5.3	5.1
Poland	20	15	10	1.0	1.6	0.9
Portugal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romania	25	10	20	1.2	1.1	1.9
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	830	420	415	41.0	44.2	38.6
Other places of birth in Europe	135	55	75	6.7	5.8	7.0
Africa	75	35	40	3.7	3.7	3.7
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	15	0	0	0.7	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	45	20	20	2.2	2.1	1.9
Other places of birth in Africa	20	0	15	1.0	0.0	1.4
Asia	310	105	200	15.3	11.1	18.6
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	60	25	35	3.0	2.6	3.3
Hong Kong⁹¹	30	20	10	1.5	2.1	0.9
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	25	0	25	1.2	0.0	2.3
Viet Nam	10	10	0	0.5	1.1	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	80	20	60	4.0	2.1	5.6
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	15	0	10	0.7	0.0	0.9
Other places of birth in Asia	70	20	50	3.5	2.1	4.7
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	60	50	15	3.0	5.3	1.4
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	80	40	45	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	20	10	10	25.0	25.0	22.2
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	20	10	10	25.0	25.0	22.2
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Europe	20	10	10	25.0	25.0	22.2
France	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	10	10	0	12.5	25.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asia	30	15	15	37.5	37.5	33.3
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	20	10	10	25.0	25.0	22.2
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	12,190	5,955	6,240	100.0	100.0	100.0
First generation¹⁰⁰	2,360	1,105	1,250	19.4	18.6	20.0
Second generation¹⁰¹	2,800	1,390	1,410	23.0	23.3	22.6
Third generation or more¹⁰²	7,035	3,455	3,580	57.7	58.0	57.4
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	915	420	500	100.0	100.0	100.0
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	490	245	245	53.6	58.3	49.0
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	235	150	80	25.7	35.7	16.0
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	260	100	160	28.4	23.8	32.0
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	375	135	240	41.0	32.1	48.0
Refugees¹⁰⁸	40	30	10	4.4	7.1	2.0
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	10	0	0	1.1	0.0	0.0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	915	420	500	100.0	100.0	100.0
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	15	10	10	1.6	2.4	2.0
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	155	45	110	16.9	10.7	22.0
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	20	10	15	2.2	2.4	3.0
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	35	10	20	3.8	2.4	4.0
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	685	340	345	74.9	81.0	69.0
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	12,190	5,955	6,240	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	790	300	490	6.5	5.0	7.9
South Asian	275	105	170	2.3	1.8	2.7
Chinese	220	80	135	1.8	1.3	2.2
Black	45	25	25	0.4	0.4	0.4
Filipino	40	0	35	0.3	0.0	0.6
Arab	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Latin American	35	15	25	0.3	0.3	0.4
Southeast Asian	95	35	55	0.8	0.6	0.9
West Asian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	40	10	40	0.3	0.2	0.6
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple visible minorities	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	11,400	5,655	5,745	93.5	95.0	92.1
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	12,195	5,955	6,240	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian	1,675	810	870	13.7	13.6	13.9
English	4,475	2,190	2,285	36.7	36.8	36.6
Irish	2,270	1,085	1,180	18.6	18.2	18.9
Scottish	3,135	1,570	1,560	25.7	26.4	25.0
French, n.o.s.¹²²	960	435	525	7.9	7.3	8.4
German	1,665	740	930	13.7	12.4	14.9
Chinese	275	105	165	2.3	1.8	2.6
Italian	290	150	140	2.4	2.5	2.2
Indian (India)	170	85	85	1.4	1.4	1.4
Ukrainian	750	390	360	6.2	6.5	5.8
Dutch	655	365	285	5.4	6.1	4.6
Polish	470	245	225	3.9	4.1	3.6
Québécois	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	1,240	630	610	10.2	10.6	9.8
Filipino	45	10	35	0.4	0.2	0.6
French Canadian	190	105	90	1.6	1.8	1.4
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	120	65	55	1.0	1.1	0.9
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	110	65	40	0.9	1.1	0.6
Métis	160	80	80	1.3	1.3	1.3
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	340	170	165	2.8	2.9	2.6
Russian	210	95	115	1.7	1.6	1.8
Norwegian	445	190	265	3.6	3.2	4.2
Welsh	490	180	300	4.0	3.0	4.8
Portuguese	55	45	15	0.5	0.8	0.2
American	340	165	180	2.8	2.8	2.9
Spanish	110	45	65	0.9	0.8	1.0
Swedish	295	110	185	2.4	1.8	3.0
Hungarian	135	60	75	1.1	1.0	1.2
Acadian	40	20	15	0.3	0.3	0.2
Pakistani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Jewish	45	15	30	0.4	0.3	0.5
Punjabi	35	15	25	0.3	0.3	0.4
Vietnamese	45	20	25	0.4	0.3	0.4
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	90	55	40	0.7	0.9	0.6
Jamaican	30	15	15	0.2	0.3	0.2
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	55	20	35	0.5	0.3	0.6
Korean	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Romanian	100	45	50	0.8	0.8	0.8
Lebanese	50	25	25	0.4	0.4	0.4
Iranian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Danish	190	115	75	1.6	1.9	1.2
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	50	35	10	0.4	0.6	0.2
Sikh	55	15	40	0.5	0.3	0.6
Austrian	130	70	60	1.1	1.2	1.0
Belgian	95	60	35	0.8	1.0	0.6
Haitian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexican	35	10	15	0.3	0.2	0.2
Mennonite	40	30	10	0.3	0.5	0.2
Swiss	85	35	50	0.7	0.6	0.8
Finnish	110	55	60	0.9	0.9	1.0
Sri Lankan	30	10	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Croatian	45	25	25	0.4	0.4	0.4
Japanese	45	0	35	0.4	0.0	0.6
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	15	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	105	70	40	0.9	1.2	0.6
Muslim	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egyptian	25	15	15	0.2	0.3	0.2
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	115	55	60	0.9	0.9	1.0
Colombian	20	15	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
Moroccan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	40	20	25	0.3	0.3	0.4
Syrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afghan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	20	15	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Newfoundlander	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Hong Konger	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ontarian	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	25	15	10	0.2	0.3	0.2
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	35	20	15	0.3	0.3	0.2
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	30	20	10	0.2	0.3	0.2
South African	45	20	25	0.4	0.3	0.4
Australian	110	65	50	0.9	1.1	0.8
Palestinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chilean	15	15	0	0.1	0.3	0.0
Congolese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nova Scotian	20	15	10	0.2	0.3	0.2
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peruvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	35	15	20	0.3	0.3	0.3
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Canadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israeli	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	20	15	10	0.2	0.3	0.2
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albertan	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African American	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	30	15	20	0.2	0.3	0.3
Tunisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Cuban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	25	15	15	0.2	0.3	0.2
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	15	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Laotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	35	20	10	0.3	0.3	0.2
British Columbian	45	20	25	0.4	0.3	0.4
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	35	10	20	0.3	0.2	0.3
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jatt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	40	0	35	0.3	0.0	0.6
Dominican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Abenaki	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
New Zealander	70	20	45	0.6	0.3	0.7
Sudanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Breton	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saskatchewanian	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gaspesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norman	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Manitoban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Honduran	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cherokee	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Flemish	15	10	10	0.1	0.2	0.2
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sicilian	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Goan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamileke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Libyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Basque	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igorot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guinean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maliseet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Beninese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Roma	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tajik	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amhara	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	12,190	5,955	6,235	100.0	100.0	100.0
Buddhist	100	25	75	0.8	0.4	1.2
Christian	4,905	2,235	2,670	40.2	37.5	42.8
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	765	335	425	6.3	5.6	6.8
Anabaptist	15	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Anglican	1,100	465	635	9.0	7.8	10.2
Baptist	145	80	65	1.2	1.3	1.0
Catholic	1,275	595	680	10.5	10.0	10.9
Christian Orthodox	85	60	25	0.7	1.0	0.4
Jehovah's Witness	95	45	45	0.8	0.8	0.7
Latter Day Saints	70	30	40	0.6	0.5	0.6
Lutheran	155	70	90	1.3	1.2	1.4
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	65	35	35	0.5	0.6	0.6
Presbyterian	135	55	80	1.1	0.9	1.3
Reformed	25	20	10	0.2	0.3	0.2
United Church	640	285	355	5.3	4.8	5.7
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	315	145	165	2.6	2.4	2.6
Hindu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jewish	20	10	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Muslim	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sikh	150	50	95	1.2	0.8	1.5
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	110	60	50	0.9	1.0	0.8
No religion and secular perspectives	6,910	3,575	3,330	56.7	60.0	53.4
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	12,140	5,925	6,215	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	10,810	5,280	5,535	89.0	89.1	89.1
Movers	1,330	645	685	11.0	10.9	11.0
Non-migrants	585	265	320	4.8	4.5	5.1
Migrants	740	375	365	6.1	6.3	5.9
Internal migrants	680	355	325	5.6	6.0	5.2
Intraprovincial migrants	555	290	265	4.6	4.9	4.3
Interprovincial migrants	125	65	55	1.0	1.1	0.9
External migrants	65	25	35	0.5	0.4	0.6
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	11,785	5,750	6,035	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	7,790	3,805	3,985	66.1	66.2	66.0
Movers	3,990	1,945	2,045	33.9	33.8	33.9
Non-migrants	570	300	270	4.8	5.2	4.5
Migrants	3,420	1,645	1,780	29.0	28.6	29.5
Internal migrants	3,175	1,540	1,635	26.9	26.8	27.1
Intraprovincial migrants	2,635	1,285	1,350	22.4	22.3	22.4
Interprovincial migrants	540	250	285	4.6	4.3	4.7
External migrants	250	105	140	2.1	1.8	2.3
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	10,800	5,225	5,570	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	955	525	435	8.8	10.0	7.8
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	9,840	4,705	5,140	91.1	90.0	92.3
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	5,545	2,590	2,945	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	245	155	90	4.4	6.0	3.1
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	5,300	2,440	2,855	95.6	94.2	96.9
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	10,800	5,225	5,575	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	755	365	385	7.0	7.0	6.9
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	2,725	1,250	1,475	25.2	23.9	26.5
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	7,320	3,605	3,715	67.8	69.0	66.6
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	3,450	1,880	1,575	31.9	36.0	28.3
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	995	795	200	9.2	15.2	3.6
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	400	235	170	3.7	4.5	3.0
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	595	560	35	5.5	10.7	0.6
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	2,095	950	1,145	19.4	18.2	20.5
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	365	140	230	3.4	2.7	4.1
Bachelor's degree or higher	3,870	1,730	2,140	35.8	33.1	38.4
Bachelor's degree	2,260	990	1,270	20.9	18.9	22.8
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	305	130	180	2.8	2.5	3.2
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	125	80	50	1.2	1.5	0.9
Master's degree	960	400	560	8.9	7.7	10.0
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	215	130	85	2.0	2.5	1.5
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	5,540	2,595	2,950	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	155	90	65	2.8	3.5	2.2
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	1,175	565	610	21.2	21.8	20.7
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	4,210	1,940	2,275	76.0	74.8	77.1
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	2,065	1,105	960	37.3	42.6	32.5
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	600	475	125	10.8	18.3	4.2
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	240	135	110	4.3	5.2	3.7
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	365	340	20	6.6	13.1	0.7
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	1,260	545	715	22.7	21.0	24.2
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	205	85	115	3.7	3.3	3.9
Bachelor's degree or higher	2,145	835	1,310	38.7	32.2	44.4
Bachelor's degree	1,355	550	805	24.5	21.2	27.3
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	185	60	120	3.3	2.3	4.1
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	70	25	40	1.3	1.0	1.4
Master's degree	480	155	320	8.7	6.0	10.8
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	65	40	25	1.2	1.5	0.8
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	10,795	5,225	5,575	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	3,475	1,620	1,860	32.2	31.0	33.4
Education	750	190	555	6.9	3.6	10.0
13. Education	750	190	555	6.9	3.6	10.0
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	225	80	145	2.1	1.5	2.6
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	25	20	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
50. Visual and performing arts	205	60	145	1.9	1.1	2.6
Humanities	370	95	280	3.4	1.8	5.0
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	50	10	45	0.5	0.2	0.8
23. English language and literature/letters	120	40	80	1.1	0.8	1.4
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	75	15	55	0.7	0.3	1.0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.3
38. Philosophy and religious studies	25	10	15	0.2	0.2	0.3
39. Theology and religious vocations	25	15	10	0.2	0.3	0.2
54. History	45	10	40	0.4	0.2	0.7
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	20	0	20	0.2	0.0	0.4
Social and behavioural sciences and law	985	410	570	9.1	7.8	10.2
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	65	0	65	0.6	0.0	1.2
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	125	0	120	1.2	0.0	2.2
22. Legal professions and studies	150	75	75	1.4	1.4	1.3
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	25	15	10	0.2	0.3	0.2
42. Psychology	155	45	115	1.4	0.9	2.1
45. Social sciences	450	260	190	4.2	5.0	3.4
Business, management and public administration	1,340	505	835	12.4	9.7	15.0
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	165	50	115	1.5	1.0	2.1
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	1,180	460	720	10.9	8.8	12.9
Physical and life sciences and technologies	410	265	145	3.8	5.1	2.6
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	205	100	100	1.9	1.9	1.8
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	60	40	20	0.6	0.8	0.4
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
40. Physical sciences	135	120	15	1.3	2.3	0.3
41. Science technologies/technicians	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	230	145	80	2.1	2.8	1.4
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	145	105	40	1.3	2.0	0.7
25. Library science	20	0	20	0.2	0.0	0.4
27. Mathematics and statistics	55	35	15	0.5	0.7	0.3
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	15	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	1,345	1,260	90	12.5	24.1	1.6
04. Architecture and related services	45	25	15	0.4	0.5	0.3
14. Engineering	235	195	35	2.2	3.7	0.6
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	310	300	10	2.9	5.7	0.2
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	385	385	0	3.6	7.4	0.0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	245	240	0	2.3	4.6	0.0
48. Precision production	125	110	15	1.2	2.1	0.3
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	210	135	70	1.9	2.6	1.3
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	140	80	50	1.3	1.5	0.9
03. Natural resources and conservation	75	50	20	0.7	1.0	0.4
Health and related fields	1,000	195	805	9.3	3.7	14.4
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	70	35	35	0.6	0.7	0.6
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	905	140	760	8.4	2.7	13.6
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	25	15	10	0.2	0.3	0.2
Personal, protective and transportation services	460	320	140	4.3	6.1	2.5
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	170	60	110	1.6	1.1	2.0
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	20	20	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
43. Security and protective services	100	85	15	0.9	1.6	0.3
49. Transportation and materials moving	165	155	10	1.5	3.0	0.2
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	5,540	2,590	2,945	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	1,330	655	675	24.0	25.3	22.9
Education	330	70	255	6.0	2.7	8.7
13. Education	330	70	255	6.0	2.7	8.7
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	125	35	85	2.3	1.4	2.9
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
50. Visual and performing arts	115	35	85	2.1	1.4	2.9
Humanities	195	50	145	3.5	1.9	4.9
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	15	0	10	0.3	0.0	0.3
23. English language and literature/letters	75	25	45	1.4	1.0	1.5
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	45	0	40	0.8	0.0	1.4
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	10	10	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
39. Theology and religious vocations	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
54. History	30	0	25	0.5	0.0	0.8
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	570	190	385	10.3	7.3	13.1
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	50	0	45	0.9	0.0	1.5
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	75	0	75	1.4	0.0	2.5
22. Legal professions and studies	80	30	50	1.4	1.2	1.7
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	15	0	10	0.3	0.0	0.3
42. Psychology	75	10	60	1.4	0.4	2.0
45. Social sciences	275	140	135	5.0	5.4	4.6
Business, management and public administration	845	260	585	15.3	10.0	19.9
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	110	30	80	2.0	1.2	2.7
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	735	235	500	13.3	9.1	17.0
Physical and life sciences and technologies	170	80	85	3.1	3.1	2.9
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	80	35	45	1.4	1.4	1.5
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	25	10	15	0.5	0.4	0.5
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
40. Physical sciences	50	35	15	0.9	1.4	0.5
41. Science technologies/technicians	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	140	110	35	2.5	4.2	1.2
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	115	85	30	2.1	3.3	1.0
25. Library science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
27. Mathematics and statistics	15	15	0	0.3	0.6	0.0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	15	10	0	0.3	0.4	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	815	760	60	14.7	29.3	2.0
04. Architecture and related services	15	10	10	0.3	0.4	0.3
14. Engineering	145	120	25	2.6	4.6	0.8
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	150	150	10	2.7	5.8	0.3
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	270	270	0	4.9	10.4	0.0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	150	145	0	2.7	5.6	0.0
48. Precision production	75	65	15	1.4	2.5	0.5
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	135	80	55	2.4	3.1	1.9
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	95	50	45	1.7	1.9	1.5
03. Natural resources and conservation	40	30	15	0.7	1.2	0.5
Health and related fields	580	95	485	10.5	3.7	16.5
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	55	25	30	1.0	1.0	1.0
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	510	65	445	9.2	2.5	15.1
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	15	10	0	0.3	0.4	0.0
Personal, protective and transportation services	305	205	105	5.5	7.9	3.6
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	115	40	75	2.1	1.5	2.5
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	10	10	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
43. Security and protective services	80	60	15	1.4	2.3	0.5
49. Transportation and materials moving	100	95	0	1.8	3.7	0.0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	5,540	2,590	2,945	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,330	655	675	24.0	25.3	22.9
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	4,210	1,940	2,270	76.0	74.9	77.1
Location of study inside Canada	3,660	1,710	1,950	66.1	66.0	66.2
Same as province or territory of residence	2,650	1,240	1,410	47.8	47.9	47.9
Different than province or territory of residence	1,010	475	540	18.2	18.3	18.3
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	550	230	320	9.9	8.9	10.9
Americas	190	75	115	3.4	2.9	3.9
United States of America	175	70	105	3.2	2.7	3.6
Mexico	10	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.3
Cuba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Europe	220	100	120	4.0	3.9	4.1
Belgium	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	15	10	0	0.3	0.4	0.0
Germany	15	0	15	0.3	0.0	0.5
Netherlands	20	10	10	0.4	0.4	0.3
Switzerland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romania	10	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.3
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	130	70	60	2.3	2.7	2.0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Europe	10	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.3
Africa	10	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.3
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	10	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.3
Other locations of study in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asia	90	25	70	1.6	1.0	2.4
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	25	15	10	0.5	0.6	0.3
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	10	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.3
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	15	0	15	0.3	0.0	0.5
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	30	10	20	0.5	0.4	0.7
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Asia	10	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.3
Oceania	40	30	10	0.7	1.2	0.3
Australia	40	25	10	0.7	1.0	0.3
New Zealand	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	10,800	5,225	5,575	...	...	...
In the labour force	5,960	3,025	2,935	...	...	...
Employed	5,615	2,865	2,745	...	...	...
Unemployed	350	160	180	...	...	...
Not in the labour force	4,840	2,195	2,640	...	...	...
Participation rate	55.2	57.9	52.6	55.2	57.9	52.6
Employment rate	52.0	54.8	49.2	52.0	54.8	49.2
Unemployment rate	5.9	5.3	6.1	5.9	5.3	6.1
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	10,795	5,220	5,575	100.0	100.0	100.0
Did not work¹⁸⁶	4,600	2,015	2,580	42.6	38.6	46.3
Worked	6,205	3,210	2,995	57.5	61.5	53.7
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	3,285	1,840	1,445	30.4	35.2	25.9
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	2,920	1,370	1,550	27.0	26.2	27.8
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.1	42.4	41.7	42.1	42.4	41.7
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	5,955	3,030	2,930	100.0	100.0	100.0
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	60	35	25	1.0	1.2	0.9
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	5,905	2,990	2,910	99.2	98.7	99.3
Employee	4,410	2,080	2,325	74.1	68.6	79.4
Permanent position	3,825	1,850	1,980	64.2	61.1	67.6
Temporary position	585	230	350	9.8	7.6	11.9
Fixed term (1 year or more)	140	65	75	2.4	2.1	2.6
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	440	170	280	7.4	5.6	9.6
Self-employed¹⁹²	1,495	915	585	25.1	30.2	20.0
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	5,955	3,030	2,930	100.0	100.0	100.0
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	60	35	25	1.0	1.2	0.9
All occupations¹⁹¹	5,905	2,990	2,910	99.2	98.7	99.3
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	170	115	55	2.9	3.8	1.9
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	1,075	305	770	18.1	10.1	26.3
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	480	385	95	8.1	12.7	3.2
3 Health occupations	460	85	375	7.7	2.8	12.8
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	825	340	480	13.9	11.2	16.4
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	290	80	210	4.9	2.6	7.2
6 Sales and service occupations	1,300	535	770	21.8	17.7	26.3
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	1,005	910	90	16.9	30.0	3.1
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	210	145	65	3.5	4.8	2.2
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	100	95	0	1.7	3.1	0.0
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	5,955	3,030	2,930	100.0	100.0	100.0
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	60	35	25	1.0	1.2	0.9
All industries¹⁹¹	5,905	2,990	2,910	99.2	98.7	99.3
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	180	105	75	3.0	3.5	2.6
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
22 Utilities	55	45	0	0.9	1.5	0.0
23 Construction	490	440	50	8.2	14.5	1.7
31-33 Manufacturing	250	185	70	4.2	6.1	2.4
41 Wholesale trade	105	70	35	1.8	2.3	1.2
44-45 Retail trade	575	250	320	9.7	8.3	10.9
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	355	280	80	6.0	9.2	2.7
51 Information and cultural industries	85	50	35	1.4	1.7	1.2
52 Finance and insurance	175	85	90	2.9	2.8	3.1
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	125	45	80	2.1	1.5	2.7
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	645	385	260	10.8	12.7	8.9
55 Management of companies and enterprises	20	0	20	0.3	0.0	0.7
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	245	155	100	4.1	5.1	3.4
61 Educational services	475	170	310	8.0	5.6	10.6
62 Health care and social assistance	640	115	530	10.7	3.8	18.1
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	205	60	140	3.4	2.0	4.8
72 Accommodation and food services	350	130	220	5.9	4.3	7.5
81 Other services (except public administration)	220	90	130	3.7	3.0	4.4
91 Public administration	685	330	355	11.5	10.9	12.1
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	6,610	3,380	3,230	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	6,480	3,315	3,165	98.0	98.1	98.0
French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-official language	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
English and French	55	35	20	0.8	1.0	0.6
English and non-official language(s)	60	20	35	0.9	0.6	1.1
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	10	10	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	6,610	3,380	3,230	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	6,605	3,375	3,230	99.9	99.9	100.0
Official languages	6,595	3,375	3,225	99.8	99.9	99.8
English	6,575	3,365	3,215	99.5	99.6	99.5
French	20	10	0	0.3	0.3	0.0
Non-official languages	15	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.3
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	15	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.3
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	6,610	3,380	3,230	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	6,500	3,325	3,175	98.3	98.4	98.3
English	15	10	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
French	40	20	20	0.6	0.6	0.6
Non-official language	45	15	30	0.7	0.4	0.9
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	45	15	30	0.7	0.4	0.9
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	10	10	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	5,610	2,865	2,745	100.0	100.0	100.0
Worked at home	1,705	800	910	30.4	27.9	33.2
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
No fixed workplace address	590	465	125	10.5	16.2	4.6
Usual place of work	3,315	1,600	1,715	59.1	55.8	62.5
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	3,315	1,600	1,715	100.0	100.0	100.0
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	900	480	425	27.1	30.0	24.8
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	2,300	1,070	1,235	69.4	66.9	72.0
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	85	40	40	2.6	2.5	2.3
Commute to a different province or territory	25	10	15	0.8	0.6	0.9
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	3,900	2,065	1,840	100.0	100.0	100.0
Car, truck or van	3,495	1,815	1,680	89.6	87.9	91.3
Car, truck or van - as a driver	3,235	1,715	1,525	82.9	83.1	82.9
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	260	105	155	6.7	5.1	8.4
Public transit	95	50	45	2.4	2.4	2.4
Walked	125	60	70	3.2	2.9	3.8
Bicycle	80	65	10	2.1	3.1	0.5
Other method	105	75	30	2.7	3.6	1.6
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	3,900	2,065	1,840	100.0	100.0	100.0
Less than 15 minutes	1,680	810	870	43.1	39.2	47.3
15 to 29 minutes	1,120	605	520	28.7	29.3	28.3
30 to 44 minutes	840	500	345	21.5	24.2	18.8
45 to 59 minutes	175	100	70	4.5	4.8	3.8
60 minutes and over	85	50	40	2.2	2.4	2.2
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	3,900	2,065	1,840	100.0	100.0	100.0
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	260	195	65	6.7	9.4	3.5
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	540	345	200	13.8	16.7	10.9
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	1,180	650	530	30.3	31.5	28.8
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	925	430	500	23.7	20.8	27.2
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	555	220	330	14.2	10.7	17.9
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	440	220	220	11.3	10.7	12.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	1,755	920	840	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	100	60	40	5.7	6.5	4.8
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	1,655	860	800	94.3	93.5	95.2
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	1,330	695	635	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	80	40	35	6.0	5.8	5.5
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	35	20	15	2.6	2.9	2.4
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	45	20	20	3.4	2.9	3.1
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	1,255	655	605	94.4	94.2	95.3

Symbol legend

...
not applicable
x
suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 30, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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