Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	Tsawwassen, Tsawwassen Lands (TWL)More information: British Columbia [Census subdivision]
	Counts			Rates
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	2,256	...	...	...	...	...
Population, 2016¹	816	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	176.5	...	...	176.5	...	...
Total private dwellings²	1,081	...	...	...	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	930	...	...	...	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	343.3	...	...	343.3	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	6.57	...	...	...	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	2,260	1,110	1,145	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	330	175	160	14.6	15.8	14.0
0 to 4 years	120	60	65	5.3	5.4	5.7
5 to 9 years	125	65	55	5.5	5.9	4.8
10 to 14 years	90	50	40	4.0	4.5	3.5
15 to 64 years	1,515	755	760	67.0	68.0	66.4
15 to 19 years	110	60	50	4.9	5.4	4.4
20 to 24 years	90	45	45	4.0	4.1	3.9
25 to 29 years	180	90	90	8.0	8.1	7.9
30 to 34 years	160	75	85	7.1	6.8	7.4
35 to 39 years	175	95	80	7.7	8.6	7.0
40 to 44 years	145	65	75	6.4	5.9	6.6
45 to 49 years	140	70	70	6.2	6.3	6.1
50 to 54 years	160	70	95	7.1	6.3	8.3
55 to 59 years	185	85	100	8.2	7.7	8.7
60 to 64 years	165	90	80	7.3	8.1	7.0
65 years and over	405	180	225	17.9	16.2	19.7
65 to 69 years	140	60	85	6.2	5.4	7.4
70 to 74 years	105	45	55	4.6	4.1	4.8
75 to 79 years	95	50	45	4.2	4.5	3.9
80 to 84 years	45	25	25	2.0	2.3	2.2
85 years and over	20	5	15	0.9	0.5	1.3
85 to 89 years	20	5	10	0.9	0.5	0.9
90 to 94 years	5	0	5	0.2	0.0	0.4
95 to 99 years	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
100 years and over	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	14.6	15.8	14.0	14.6	15.8	14.0
15 to 64 years	67.0	68.0	66.4	67.0	68.0	66.4
65 years and over	17.9	16.2	19.7	17.9	16.2	19.7
85 years and over	0.9	0.5	1.3	0.9	0.5	1.3
Average age of the population	42.3	41.3	43.4	42.3	41.3	43.4
Median age of the population	42.8	40.8	44.4	42.8	40.8	44.4
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	930	...	...	100.0	...	...
Single-detached house	400	...	...	43.0	...	...
Semi-detached house	10	...	...	1.1	...	...
Row house	30	...	...	3.2	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	240	...	...	25.8	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	155	...	...	16.7	...	...
Other single-attached house	20	...	...	2.2	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	75	...	...	8.1	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	930	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 person	235	...	...	25.3	...	...
2 persons	380	...	...	40.9	...	...
3 persons	175	...	...	18.8	...	...
4 persons	90	...	...	9.7	...	...
5 or more persons	50	...	...	5.4	...	...
Number of persons in private households	2,155	1,060	1,100	100.0	100.0	100.0
Average household size	2.3	...	...	2.3	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	1,925	940	985	100.0	100.0	100.0
Married or living common-law	1,200	585	615	62.3	62.2	62.4
Married	1,000	485	515	51.9	51.6	52.3
Living common-law	205	95	105	10.6	10.1	10.7
Living common law - Never married	165	80	80	8.6	8.5	8.1
Living common law - Separated	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Living common law - Divorced	30	15	20	1.6	1.6	2.0
Living common law - Widowed	5	0	5	0.3	0.0	0.5
Not married and not living common-law	720	350	365	37.4	37.2	37.1
Not married and not living common law - Never married	460	270	190	23.9	28.7	19.3
Not married and not living common law - Separated	70	35	40	3.6	3.7	4.1
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	115	40	75	6.0	4.3	7.6
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	75	10	65	3.9	1.1	6.6
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	670	...	...	100.0	...	...
2 persons	385	...	...	57.5	...	...
3 persons	165	...	...	24.6	...	...
4 persons	90	...	...	13.4	...	...
5 or more persons	35	...	...	5.2	...	...
Average size of census families	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.6	...	...	1.6	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	675	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total couple families	560	...	...	83.0	...	...
Married couples	455	...	...	67.4	...	...
With children⁶	200	...	...	29.6	...	...
Without children	255	...	...	37.8	...	...
Common-law couples	100	...	...	14.8	...	...
With children⁶	30	...	...	4.4	...	...
Without children	70	...	...	10.4	...	...
Total one-parent families	115	...	...	17.0	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	90	...	...	13.3	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	25	...	...	3.7	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	2,155	1,060	1,100	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total - Persons in census families	1,790	880	905	83.1	83.0	82.3
Married spouses or common-law partners	1,120	555	560	52.0	52.4	50.9
Parents in one-parent families	115	25	85	5.3	2.4	7.7
Children⁶	560	300	255	26.0	28.3	23.2
In a two-parent family	375	215	160	17.4	20.3	14.5
In a one-parent family	180	90	90	8.4	8.5	8.2
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	370	175	190	17.2	16.5	17.3
Living alone	235	105	130	10.9	9.9	11.8
Living with other relatives⁷	65	40	25	3.0	3.8	2.3
Living with non-relatives only	75	35	35	3.5	3.3	3.2
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	930	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	605	...	...	65.1	...	...
Couple-family households	515	...	...	55.4	...	...
With children⁶	210	...	...	22.6	...	...
Without children	300	...	...	32.3	...	...
One-parent-family households	90	...	...	9.7	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	15	...	...	1.6	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	5	...	...	0.5	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	40	...	...	4.3	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	35	...	...	3.8	...	...
One-person households	235	...	...	25.3	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	1,825	880	945	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	1,755	845	905	96.2	96.0	95.8
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	48,400	56,400	42,400	48,400	56,400	42,400
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	1,755	855	905	96.2	97.2	95.8
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	43,600	49,600	38,800	43,600	49,600	38,800
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	1,615	790	820	88.5	89.8	86.8
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	42,400	52,400	34,000	42,400	52,400	34,000
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	1,285	655	625	70.4	74.4	66.1
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	46,800	54,000	38,400	46,800	54,000	38,400
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	1,380	635	745	75.6	72.2	78.8
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	10,100	9,400	10,300	10,100	9,400	10,300
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	150	75	85	8.2	8.5	9.0
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,000	5,480	6,240	6,000	5,480	6,240
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	500	250	250	27.4	28.4	26.5
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	10,000	10,000	10,000	10,000	10,000	10,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	1,810	870	940	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	1,725	825	900	95.3	94.8	95.7
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	65,600	79,400	53,100	65,600	79,400	53,100
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	1,725	825	895	95.3	94.8	95.2
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	54,050	63,100	45,600	54,050	63,100	45,600
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	1,595	775	825	88.1	89.1	87.8
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	61,600	76,800	47,400	61,600	76,800	47,400
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	1,280	650	640	70.7	74.7	68.1
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	59,850	70,400	49,200	59,850	70,400	49,200
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	1,340	610	730	74.0	70.1	77.7
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	10,950	9,920	11,800	10,950	9,920	11,800
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	150	75	75	8.3	8.6	8.0
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,000	6,200	8,000	7,000	6,200	8,000
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	475	230	245	26.2	26.4	26.1
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	9,560	9,300	9,800	9,560	9,300	9,800
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	1,810	865	940	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	640	355	285	35.4	41.0	30.3
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	72,000	76,000	66,500	72,000	76,000	66,500
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	84,400	90,000	77,000	84,400	90,000	77,000
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	445	195	250	24.6	22.5	26.6
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	21,800	28,600	15,500	21,800	28,600	15,500
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	38,400	54,400	26,000	38,400	54,400	26,000
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	87.0	90.8	82.0	87.0	90.8	82.0
Employment income (%)¹⁹	68.0	69.6	65.5	68.0	69.6	65.5
Government transfers (%)²⁰	13.0	9.2	18.1	13.0	9.2	18.1
Employment insurance benefits (%)	0.9	0.6	1.3	0.9	0.6	1.3
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	4.8	3.7	6.2	4.8	3.7	6.2
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	4.0	3.3	5.1	4.0	3.3	5.1
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	1,820	885	940	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without total income	70	30	40	3.8	3.4	4.3
With total income	1,755	850	905	96.4	96.0	96.3
Under $10,000 (including loss)	180	75	105	10.3	8.8	11.6
$10,000 to $19,999	155	75	80	8.8	8.8	8.8
$20,000 to $29,999	175	80	95	10.0	9.4	10.5
$30,000 to $39,999	215	85	135	12.3	10.0	14.9
$40,000 to $49,999	170	60	105	9.7	7.1	11.6
$50,000 to $59,999	175	75	95	10.0	8.8	10.5
$60,000 to $69,999	160	80	80	9.1	9.4	8.8
$70,000 to $79,999	95	55	40	5.4	6.5	4.4
$80,000 to $89,999	80	45	35	4.6	5.3	3.9
$90,000 to $99,999	65	35	30	3.7	4.1	3.3
$100,000 and over	285	185	100	16.2	21.8	11.0
$100,000 to $149,999	180	110	70	10.3	12.9	7.7
$150,000 and over	110	75	30	6.3	8.8	3.3
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	1,820	885	940	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without after-tax income	65	30	30	3.6	3.4	3.2
With after-tax income	1,760	850	905	96.7	96.0	96.3
Under $10,000 (including loss)	190	80	115	10.8	9.4	12.7
$10,000 to $19,999	160	80	85	9.1	9.4	9.4
$20,000 to $29,999	220	105	115	12.5	12.4	12.7
$30,000 to $39,999	240	85	160	13.6	10.0	17.7
$40,000 to $49,999	205	85	120	11.6	10.0	13.3
$50,000 to $59,999	200	100	105	11.4	11.8	11.6
$60,000 to $69,999	125	70	55	7.1	8.2	6.1
$70,000 to $79,999	105	60	45	6.0	7.1	5.0
$80,000 to $89,999	70	40	30	4.0	4.7	3.3
$90,000 to $99,999	50	25	25	2.8	2.9	2.8
$100,000 and over	185	130	55	10.5	15.3	6.1
$100,000 to $124,999	90	60	25	5.1	7.1	2.8
$125,000 and over	100	70	30	5.7	8.2	3.3
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	1,820	885	940	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without employment income	540	225	315	29.7	25.4	33.5
With employment income	1,285	660	625	70.6	74.6	66.5
Under $5,000 (including loss)	160	80	85	12.5	12.1	13.6
$5,000 to $9,999	95	45	50	7.4	6.8	8.0
$10,000 to $19,999	130	60	70	10.1	9.1	11.2
$20,000 to $29,999	100	40	60	7.8	6.1	9.6
$30,000 to $39,999	100	50	55	7.8	7.6	8.8
$40,000 to $49,999	90	40	55	7.0	6.1	8.8
$50,000 to $59,999	95	45	50	7.4	6.8	8.0
$60,000 to $69,999	115	65	50	8.9	9.8	8.0
$70,000 to $79,999	70	30	40	5.4	4.5	6.4
$80,000 to $89,999	60	30	25	4.7	4.5	4.0
$90,000 to $99,999	50	30	25	3.9	4.5	4.0
$100,000 and over	215	145	65	16.7	22.0	10.4
$100,000 to $124,999	90	55	30	7.0	8.3	4.8
$125,000 and over	130	90	35	10.1	13.6	5.6
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	1,825	880	945	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	1,705	820	880	93.4	93.2	93.1
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	48,000	57,600	40,400	48,000	57,600	40,400
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	1,710	820	890	93.7	93.2	94.2
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	42,000	50,000	36,000	42,000	50,000	36,000
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	1,605	780	825	87.9	88.6	87.3
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	44,000	54,800	36,400	44,000	54,800	36,400
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	1,305	650	655	71.5	73.9	69.3
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	45,600	57,200	38,000	45,600	57,200	38,000
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	1,085	480	605	59.5	54.5	64.0
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	5,480	3,060	6,160	5,480	3,060	6,160
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	110	55	50	6.0	6.3	5.3
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	4,280	4,280	4,360	4,280	4,280	4,360
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	1,810	870	940	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	1,690	805	880	93.4	92.5	93.6
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	71,100	90,800	52,900	71,100	90,800	52,900
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	1,690	805	885	93.4	92.5	94.1
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	57,250	71,400	44,200	57,250	71,400	44,200
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	1,590	765	820	87.8	87.9	87.2
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	70,100	91,400	50,200	70,100	91,400	50,200
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	1,295	640	660	71.5	73.6	70.2
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	61,300	74,800	48,400	61,300	74,800	48,400
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	1,060	470	595	58.6	54.0	63.3
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	8,000	7,200	8,640	8,000	7,200	8,640
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	115	65	55	6.4	7.5	5.9
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,200	4,800	7,800	6,200	4,800	7,800
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	1,810	865	940	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	635	345	290	35.1	39.9	30.9
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	68,000	72,000	60,800	68,000	72,000	60,800
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	82,400	91,200	72,000	82,400	91,200	72,000
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	420	180	235	23.2	20.8	25.0
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	34,800	40,800	28,400	34,800	40,800	28,400
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	48,400	64,000	36,000	48,400	64,000	36,000
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	93.0	95.6	88.8	93.0	95.6	88.8
Employment income (%)	66.2	64.5	68.8	66.2	64.5	68.8
Government transfers (%)	7.1	4.6	11.1	7.1	4.6	11.1
Employment insurance benefits (%)	0.6	0.4	0.9	0.6	0.4	0.9
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	930	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	98,000	...	...	98,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	86,000	...	...	86,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	235	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	51,200	...	...	51,200	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	46,800	...	...	46,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	695	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	113,000	...	...	113,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	99,000	...	...	99,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	930	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	121,600	...	...	121,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	100,200	...	...	100,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	235	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	77,000	...	...	77,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	64,000	...	...	64,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	695	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	136,800	...	...	136,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	112,400	...	...	112,400	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	930	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	10	...	...	1.1	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	10	...	...	1.1	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	10	...	...	1.1	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	15	...	...	1.6	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	25	...	...	2.7	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	30	...	...	3.2	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	25	...	...	2.7	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	25	...	...	2.7	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	30	...	...	3.2	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	30	...	...	3.2	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	75	...	...	8.1	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	60	...	...	6.5	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	40	...	...	4.3	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	50	...	...	5.4	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	45	...	...	4.8	...	...
$100,000 and over	455	...	...	48.9	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	125	...	...	13.4	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	90	...	...	9.7	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	110	...	...	11.8	...	...
$200,000 and over	130	...	...	14.0	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	930	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	15	...	...	1.6	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	10	...	...	1.1	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	10	...	...	1.1	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	15	...	...	1.6	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	25	...	...	2.7	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	35	...	...	3.8	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	25	...	...	2.7	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	35	...	...	3.8	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	40	...	...	4.3	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	40	...	...	4.3	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	80	...	...	8.6	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	55	...	...	5.9	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	50	...	...	5.4	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	65	...	...	7.0	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	70	...	...	7.5	...	...
$100,000 and over	365	...	...	39.2	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	115	...	...	12.4	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	80	...	...	8.6	...	...
$150,000 and over	170	...	...	18.3	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	680	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	113,000	...	...	113,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	99,000	...	...	99,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	305	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	116,000	...	...	116,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	101,000	...	...	101,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	235	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	143,000	...	...	143,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	122,000	...	...	122,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	3.7	...	...	3.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	110	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	70,000	...	...	70,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	62,000	...	...	62,000	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	305	140	170	...	...	...
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	48,000	52,400	45,600	48,000	52,400	45,600
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	42,800	47,200	42,000	42,800	47,200	42,000
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	675	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	136,400	...	...	136,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	112,000	...	...	112,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	300	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	136,000	...	...	136,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	111,000	...	...	111,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	225	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	170,000	...	...	170,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	138,000	...	...	138,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	125	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	79,000	...	...	79,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	68,000	...	...	68,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	305	140	165	...	...	...
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	68,500	84,000	56,400	68,500	84,000	56,400
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	57,600	68,000	49,200	57,600	68,000	49,200
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	2,155	1,060	1,100	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	395	210	190	18.3	19.8	17.3
0 to 5 years	145	70	75	6.7	6.6	6.8
18 to 64 years	1,380	675	700	64.0	63.7	63.6
65 years and over	380	175	205	17.6	16.5	18.6
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	285	135	155	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	75	40	40	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	20	10	10	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	170	70	95	...	...	...
65 years and over	35	15	20	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	13.3	12.4	14.2	13.3	12.4	14.2
0 to 17 years (%)	19.5	19.5	20.0	19.5	19.5	20.0
0 to 5 years (%)	16.0	18.0	14.0	16.0	18.0	14.0
18 to 64 years (%)	12.5	10.8	14.0	12.5	10.8	14.0
65 years and over (%)	9.5	10.0	9.0	9.5	10.0	9.0
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
0 to 17 years	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
0 to 5 years	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
18 to 64 years	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
65 years and over	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	0	0	0	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	0	0	0	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	0	0	0	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	0	0	0	...	...	...
65 years and over	0	0	0	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	x	x	x	x	x	x
0 to 17 years (%)	x	x	x	x	x	x
0 to 5 years (%)	x	x	x	x	x	x
18 to 64 years (%)	x	x	x	x	x	x
65 years and over (%)	x	x	x	x	x	x
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	2,155	1,060	1,100	100.0	100.0	100.0
In bottom half of the distribution	915	425	490	42.5	40.1	44.5
In bottom decile	265	125	140	12.3	11.8	12.7
In second decile	140	70	70	6.5	6.6	6.4
In third decile	160	70	90	7.4	6.6	8.2
In fourth decile	190	95	100	8.8	9.0	9.1
In fifth decile	150	70	80	7.0	6.6	7.3
In top half of the distribution	1,245	635	610	57.8	59.9	55.5
In sixth decile	170	85	90	7.9	8.0	8.2
In seventh decile	195	100	100	9.0	9.4	9.1
In eighth decile	245	115	130	11.4	10.8	11.8
In ninth decile	295	155	135	13.7	14.6	12.3
In top decile	340	180	160	15.8	17.0	14.5
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	2,155	...	...	2,155	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.376	...	...	0.376	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.462	...	...	0.462	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.338	...	...	0.338	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	5.0	...	...	5.0	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	2,255	1,115	1,145	100.0	100.0	100.0
English only	2,040	1,020	1,015	90.5	91.5	88.6
French only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and French	170	70	95	7.5	6.3	8.3
Neither English nor French	45	20	30	2.0	1.8	2.6
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	2,255	1,115	1,145	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	2,175	1,080	1,100	96.5	96.9	96.1
French	30	15	15	1.3	1.3	1.3
English and French	10	10	5	0.4	0.9	0.4
Neither English nor French	40	15	30	1.8	1.3	2.6
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	2,255	1,115	1,145	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	2,175	1,065	1,110	96.5	95.5	96.9
Official languages	1,610	810	800	71.4	72.6	69.9
English	1,580	795	785	70.1	71.3	68.6
French	25	15	15	1.1	1.3	1.3
Non-official languages	565	255	315	25.1	22.9	27.5
Indigenous languages³⁹	5	5	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	560	250	310	24.8	22.4	27.1
Afro-Asiatic languages	20	10	10	0.9	0.9	0.9
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	20	10	10	0.9	0.9	0.9
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	20	10	10	0.9	0.9	0.9
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	5	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	5	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	45	20	30	2.0	1.8	2.6
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	5	0	5	0.2	0.0	0.4
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	40	15	25	1.8	1.3	2.2
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	200	95	105	8.9	8.5	9.2
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	45	15	25	2.0	1.3	2.2
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	45	15	25	2.0	1.3	2.2
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	5	0	5	0.2	0.0	0.4
Russian	15	5	10	0.7	0.4	0.9
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	5	5	5	0.2	0.4	0.4
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	5	5	5	0.2	0.4	0.4
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	35	15	15	1.6	1.3	1.3
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	20	10	5	0.9	0.9	0.4
German	20	10	5	0.9	0.9	0.4
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	15	5	10	0.7	0.4	0.9
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	15	5	10	0.7	0.4	0.9
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	65	30	30	2.9	2.7	2.6
Indo-Aryan languages	50	25	25	2.2	2.2	2.2
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	5	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	40	20	20	1.8	1.8	1.7
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	10	5	5	0.4	0.4	0.4
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	10	5	5	0.4	0.4	0.4
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	10	5	0	0.4	0.4	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	55	25	30	2.4	2.2	2.6
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	10	5	5	0.4	0.4	0.4
Romanian	10	5	5	0.4	0.4	0.4
Spanish	40	15	20	1.8	1.3	1.7
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	5	5	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
Korean	20	5	15	0.9	0.4	1.3
Mongolian	10	0	5	0.4	0.0	0.4
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	255	115	140	11.3	10.3	12.2
Chinese languages	255	115	140	11.3	10.3	12.2
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	145	65	85	6.4	5.8	7.4
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	5	5	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	5	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	85	40	45	3.8	3.6	3.9
Chinese, n.o.s.	5	0	5	0.2	0.0	0.4
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	85	50	35	3.8	4.5	3.1
English and French	20	10	10	0.9	0.9	0.9
English and non-official language(s)	55	35	25	2.4	3.1	2.2
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	5	0	5	0.2	0.0	0.4
Multiple non-official languages	5	5	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	2,255	1,115	1,145	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	1,665	830	830	73.8	74.4	72.5
French	5	0	5	0.2	0.0	0.4
Non-official language	200	85	110	8.9	7.6	9.6
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	200	85	110	8.9	7.6	9.6
English and French	25	10	15	1.1	0.9	1.3
English and non-official language(s)	330	165	170	14.6	14.8	14.8
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	10	5	5	0.4	0.4	0.4
Multiple non-official languages	15	10	10	0.7	0.9	0.9
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	2,255	1,115	1,145	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	2,205	1,085	1,120	97.8	97.3	97.8
Official languages	1,865	930	935	82.7	83.4	81.7
English	1,855	925	930	82.3	83.0	81.2
French	5	0	5	0.2	0.0	0.4
Non-official languages	340	155	190	15.1	13.9	16.6
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	340	155	190	15.1	13.9	16.6
Afro-Asiatic languages	10	0	5	0.4	0.0	0.4
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	10	0	5	0.4	0.0	0.4
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	10	0	5	0.4	0.0	0.4
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	20	10	15	0.9	0.9	1.3
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	20	5	10	0.9	0.4	0.9
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	85	40	45	3.8	3.6	3.9
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	20	5	10	0.9	0.4	0.9
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	20	5	10	0.9	0.4	0.9
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	15	5	5	0.7	0.4	0.4
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	5	5	5	0.2	0.4	0.4
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	5	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	5	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	20	15	10	0.9	1.3	0.9
Indo-Aryan languages	15	10	10	0.7	0.9	0.9
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	15	5	5	0.7	0.4	0.4
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	40	20	20	1.8	1.8	1.7
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	10	5	5	0.4	0.4	0.4
Romanian	5	0	5	0.2	0.0	0.4
Spanish	30	10	15	1.3	0.9	1.3
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	20	5	10	0.9	0.4	0.9
Mongolian	5	0	5	0.2	0.0	0.4
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	200	95	110	8.9	8.5	9.6
Chinese languages	200	95	110	8.9	8.5	9.6
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	120	55	65	5.3	4.9	5.7
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	5	5	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	60	30	35	2.7	2.7	3.1
Chinese, n.o.s.	10	5	5	0.4	0.4	0.4
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	50	25	25	2.2	2.2	2.2
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	45	25	25	2.0	2.2	2.2
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	5	5	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	2,255	1,115	1,145	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	1,910	945	965	84.7	84.8	84.3
English	110	55	50	4.9	4.9	4.4
French	25	15	15	1.1	1.3	1.3
Non-official language	160	80	80	7.1	7.2	7.0
Indigenous³⁹	5	5	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
Non-Indigenous	155	75	80	6.9	6.7	7.0
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	20	10	10	0.9	0.9	0.9
French and non-official language(s)	5	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	20	10	15	0.9	0.9	1.3
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	2,155	1,060	1,095	100.0	100.0	100.0
Official languages	2,095	1,030	1,065	97.2	97.2	97.3
English	2,095	1,030	1,065	97.2	97.2	97.3
French	145	65	80	6.7	6.1	7.3
Non-official languages	800	380	425	37.1	35.8	38.8
Indigenous languages³⁹	10	0	10	0.5	0.0	0.9
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	10	0	10	0.5	0.0	0.9
Halkomelem	10	0	10	0.5	0.0	0.9
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	790	370	420	36.7	34.9	38.4
Afro-Asiatic languages	55	30	25	2.6	2.8	2.3
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	55	30	25	2.6	2.8	2.3
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	40	20	20	1.9	1.9	1.8
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	10	10	0	0.5	0.9	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	10	10	10	0.5	0.9	0.9
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	10	10	10	0.5	0.9	0.9
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	95	50	45	4.4	4.7	4.1
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	25	15	0	1.2	1.4	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	60	30	30	2.8	2.8	2.7
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	270	135	135	12.5	12.7	12.3
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	55	30	30	2.6	2.8	2.7
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	55	30	30	2.6	2.8	2.7
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	10	0	10	0.5	0.0	0.9
Russian	30	15	15	1.4	1.4	1.4
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	10	10	0	0.5	0.9	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	10	10	0	0.5	0.9	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	10	10	10	0.5	0.9	0.9
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	80	35	45	3.7	3.3	4.1
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	40	15	20	1.9	1.4	1.8
German	40	15	20	1.9	1.4	1.8
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	40	20	20	1.9	1.9	1.8
Afrikaans	10	10	0	0.5	0.9	0.0
Dutch	35	15	20	1.6	1.4	1.8
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	70	40	30	3.2	3.8	2.7
Indo-Aryan languages	55	35	25	2.6	3.3	2.3
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	35	25	15	1.6	2.4	1.4
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	30	15	15	1.4	1.4	1.4
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	10	10	0	0.5	0.9	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	10	10	10	0.5	0.9	0.9
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	10	10	10	0.5	0.9	0.9
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	10	10	0.0	0.9	0.9
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	95	45	50	4.4	4.2	4.6
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	10	0	10	0.5	0.0	0.9
Portuguese	10	0	10	0.5	0.0	0.9
Romanian	20	10	10	0.9	0.9	0.9
Spanish	65	30	30	3.0	2.8	2.7
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	10	0	10	0.5	0.0	0.9
Korean	25	10	15	1.2	0.9	1.4
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	10	0	0	0.5	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	330	145	180	15.3	13.7	16.4
Chinese languages	330	145	180	15.3	13.7	16.4
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	220	95	125	10.2	9.0	11.4
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	10	0	10	0.5	0.0	0.9
Wu (Shanghainese)	10	0	10	0.5	0.0	0.9
Yue (Cantonese)	135	65	75	6.3	6.1	6.8
Chinese, n.o.s.	10	10	10	0.5	0.9	0.9
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	2,155	1,060	1,095	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	265	130	140	12.3	12.3	12.8
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	250	130	125	11.6	12.3	11.4
First Nations (North American Indian)	235	125	110	10.9	11.8	10.0
Métis	15	0	10	0.7	0.0	0.9
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	15	0	15	0.7	0.0	1.4
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous identity	1,885	925	960	87.5	87.3	87.7
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	2,155	1,060	1,095	100.0	100.0	100.0
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	220	115	100	10.2	10.8	9.1
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	1,940	945	995	90.0	89.2	90.9
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	930	...	...	100.0	...	...
Owner	715	...	...	76.9	...	...
Renter	175	...	...	18.8	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	45	...	...	4.8	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	930	...	...	100.0	...	...
Condominium	400	...	...	43.0	...	...
Not condominium	530	...	...	57.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	930	...	...	100.0	...	...
No bedrooms	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
1 bedroom	130	...	...	14.0	...	...
2 bedrooms	310	...	...	33.3	...	...
3 bedrooms	295	...	...	31.7	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	195	...	...	21.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	930	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	330	...	...	35.5	...	...
5 rooms	215	...	...	23.1	...	...
6 rooms	150	...	...	16.1	...	...
7 rooms	80	...	...	8.6	...	...
8 or more rooms	150	...	...	16.1	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	5.5	...	...	5.5	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	930	...	...	100.0	...	...
One person or fewer per room	915	...	...	98.4	...	...
More than one person per room	15	...	...	1.6	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	930	...	...	100.0	...	...
Suitable	880	...	...	94.6	...	...
Not suitable	50	...	...	5.4	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	930	...	...	100.0	...	...
1960 or before	10	...	...	1.1	...	...
1961 to 1980	35	...	...	3.8	...	...
1981 to 1990	105	...	...	11.3	...	...
1991 to 2000	130	...	...	14.0	...	...
2001 to 2005	15	...	...	1.6	...	...
2006 to 2010	15	...	...	1.6	...	...
2011 to 2015	55	...	...	5.9	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	565	...	...	60.8	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	930	...	...	100.0	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	905	...	...	97.3	...	...
Major repairs needed	25	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	930	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-maintainer household	420	...	...	45.2	...	...
Two-maintainer household	470	...	...	50.5	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	40	...	...	4.3	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	930	...	...	100.0	...	...
15 to 24 years	20	...	...	2.2	...	...
25 to 34 years	130	...	...	14.0	...	...
35 to 44 years	190	...	...	20.4	...	...
45 to 54 years	160	...	...	17.2	...	...
55 to 64 years	215	...	...	23.1	...	...
65 to 74 years	135	...	...	14.5	...	...
75 to 84 years	70	...	...	7.5	...	...
85 years and over	10	...	...	1.1	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
30% to less than 100%	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	930	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	75	...	...	8.1	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Not suitable only	50	...	...	5.4	...	...
Major repairs needed only	20	...	...	2.2	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Acceptable housing	855	...	...	91.9	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
In core need	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Not in core need	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	...	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	...	...	...	...	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	...	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	...	...	...	...	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	...	...	...	...	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	...	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	...	...	...	...	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	...	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	45	...	...	...	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	22.2	...	...	22.2	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	440	...	...	440	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	780	...	...	780	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	2,160	1,055	1,100	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	145	80	65	6.7	7.6	5.9
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	140	70	65	6.5	6.6	5.9
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	135	70	65	6.3	6.6	5.9
Métis single ancestry	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	135	70	65	6.3	6.6	5.9
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	135	70	65	6.3	6.6	5.9
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	130	70	65	6.0	6.6	5.9
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	10	0	0	0.5	0.0	0.0
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	1,880	910	965	87.0	86.3	87.7
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	...	...	...	...	...	...
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	...	...	...	...	...	...
Canadian citizens aged under 18	...	...	...	...	...	...
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	...	...	...	...	...	...
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	...	...	...	...	...	...
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	...	...	...	...	...	...
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	...	...	...	...	...	...
Immigrants⁸¹	...	...	...	...	...	...
Before 1980	...	...	...	...	...	...
1980 to 1990	...	...	...	...	...	...
1991 to 2000	...	...	...	...	...	...
2001 to 2010	...	...	...	...	...	...
2011 to 2021⁸²	...	...	...	...	...	...
2011 to 2015	...	...	...	...	...	...
2016 to 2021	...	...	...	...	...	...
Non-permanent residents⁸³	...	...	...	...	...	...
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	600	290	305	100.0	100.0	100.0
Under 5 years	35	10	20	5.8	3.4	6.6
5 to 14 years	110	60	55	18.3	20.7	18.0
15 to 24 years	100	50	45	16.7	17.2	14.8
25 to 44 years	290	140	155	48.3	48.3	50.8
45 years and over	65	35	30	10.8	12.1	9.8
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Americas	...	...	...	...	...	...
Brazil	...	...	...	...	...	...
Colombia	...	...	...	...	...	...
El Salvador	...	...	...	...	...	...
Guyana	...	...	...	...	...	...
Haiti	...	...	...	...	...	...
Jamaica	...	...	...	...	...	...
Mexico	...	...	...	...	...	...
Peru	...	...	...	...	...	...
Trinidad and Tobago	...	...	...	...	...	...
United States of America	...	...	...	...	...	...
Other places of birth in Americas	...	...	...	...	...	...
Europe	...	...	...	...	...	...
Bosnia and Herzegovina	...	...	...	...	...	...
Croatia	...	...	...	...	...	...
France	...	...	...	...	...	...
Germany	...	...	...	...	...	...
Greece	...	...	...	...	...	...
Hungary	...	...	...	...	...	...
Italy	...	...	...	...	...	...
Netherlands	...	...	...	...	...	...
Poland	...	...	...	...	...	...
Portugal	...	...	...	...	...	...
Romania	...	...	...	...	...	...
Russian Federation	...	...	...	...	...	...
Serbia⁸⁶	...	...	...	...	...	...
Ukraine	...	...	...	...	...	...
United Kingdom⁸⁷	...	...	...	...	...	...
Other places of birth in Europe	...	...	...	...	...	...
Africa	...	...	...	...	...	...
Algeria	...	...	...	...	...	...
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	...	...	...	...	...	...
Egypt	...	...	...	...	...	...
Eritrea	...	...	...	...	...	...
Ethiopia	...	...	...	...	...	...
Morocco	...	...	...	...	...	...
Nigeria	...	...	...	...	...	...
Somalia	...	...	...	...	...	...
South Africa, Republic of	...	...	...	...	...	...
Other places of birth in Africa	...	...	...	...	...	...
Asia	...	...	...	...	...	...
Afghanistan	...	...	...	...	...	...
Iran⁸⁸	...	...	...	...	...	...
Iraq	...	...	...	...	...	...
Lebanon	...	...	...	...	...	...
Syria⁸⁹	...	...	...	...	...	...
Turkey	...	...	...	...	...	...
China⁹⁰	...	...	...	...	...	...
Hong Kong⁹¹	...	...	...	...	...	...
Korea, South⁹²	...	...	...	...	...	...
Taiwan	...	...	...	...	...	...
Philippines	...	...	...	...	...	...
Viet Nam	...	...	...	...	...	...
Bangladesh	...	...	...	...	...	...
India	...	...	...	...	...	...
Pakistan	...	...	...	...	...	...
Sri Lanka	...	...	...	...	...	...
Other places of birth in Asia	...	...	...	...	...	...
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	...	...	...	...	...	...
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	...	...	...	...	...	...
Americas	...	...	...	...	...	...
Brazil	...	...	...	...	...	...
Colombia	...	...	...	...	...	...
Haiti	...	...	...	...	...	...
Jamaica	...	...	...	...	...	...
Mexico	...	...	...	...	...	...
United States of America	...	...	...	...	...	...
Venezuela⁹⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Other places of birth in Americas	...	...	...	...	...	...
Europe	...	...	...	...	...	...
France	...	...	...	...	...	...
Germany	...	...	...	...	...	...
Ireland⁹⁶	...	...	...	...	...	...
Italy	...	...	...	...	...	...
Russian Federation	...	...	...	...	...	...
Ukraine	...	...	...	...	...	...
United Kingdom⁸⁷	...	...	...	...	...	...
Other places of birth in Europe	...	...	...	...	...	...
Africa	...	...	...	...	...	...
Algeria	...	...	...	...	...	...
Burundi	...	...	...	...	...	...
Cameroon	...	...	...	...	...	...
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	...	...	...	...	...	...
Côte d'Ivoire	...	...	...	...	...	...
Egypt	...	...	...	...	...	...
Eritrea	...	...	...	...	...	...
Ethiopia	...	...	...	...	...	...
Morocco	...	...	...	...	...	...
Nigeria	...	...	...	...	...	...
Somalia	...	...	...	...	...	...
South Africa, Republic of	...	...	...	...	...	...
Sudan⁹⁷	...	...	...	...	...	...
Tunisia	...	...	...	...	...	...
Other places of birth in Africa	...	...	...	...	...	...
Asia	...	...	...	...	...	...
Afghanistan	...	...	...	...	...	...
Bangladesh	...	...	...	...	...	...
China⁹⁰	...	...	...	...	...	...
Hong Kong⁹¹	...	...	...	...	...	...
India	...	...	...	...	...	...
Iran⁸⁸	...	...	...	...	...	...
Iraq	...	...	...	...	...	...
Israel	...	...	...	...	...	...
Japan	...	...	...	...	...	...
Jordan	...	...	...	...	...	...
Korea, South⁹²	...	...	...	...	...	...
Lebanon	...	...	...	...	...	...
Nepal	...	...	...	...	...	...
Pakistan	...	...	...	...	...	...
Philippines	...	...	...	...	...	...
Saudi Arabia	...	...	...	...	...	...
Sri Lanka	...	...	...	...	...	...
Syria⁸⁹	...	...	...	...	...	...
Turkey	...	...	...	...	...	...
United Arab Emirates	...	...	...	...	...	...
Viet Nam	...	...	...	...	...	...
Other places of birth in Asia	...	...	...	...	...	...
Oceania and other⁹³	...	...	...	...	...	...
Australia	...	...	...	...	...	...
Other places of birth⁹⁸	...	...	...	...	...	...
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	2,155	1,060	1,095	100.0	100.0	100.0
First generation¹⁰⁰	770	365	410	35.7	34.4	37.4
Second generation¹⁰¹	425	215	215	19.7	20.3	19.6
Third generation or more¹⁰²	955	485	475	44.3	45.8	43.4
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	...	...	...	...	...	...
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	...	...	...	...	...	...
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	...	...	...	...	...	...
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	...	...	...	...	...	...
Refugees¹⁰⁸	...	...	...	...	...	...
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	...	...	...	...	...	...
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	...	...	...	...	...	...
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	...	...	...	...	...	...
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	...	...	...	...	...	...
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	...	...	...	...	...	...
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	...	...	...	...	...	...
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	...	...	...	...	...	...
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	2,155	1,060	1,095	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	780	360	420	36.2	34.0	38.4
South Asian	105	65	45	4.9	6.1	4.1
Chinese	360	160	200	16.7	15.1	18.3
Black	20	10	15	0.9	0.9	1.4
Filipino	65	25	35	3.0	2.4	3.2
Arab	45	20	25	2.1	1.9	2.3
Latin American	25	10	15	1.2	0.9	1.4
Southeast Asian	35	25	15	1.6	2.4	1.4
West Asian	10	0	0	0.5	0.0	0.0
Korean	40	15	25	1.9	1.4	2.3
Japanese	15	10	0	0.7	0.9	0.0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	25	10	15	1.2	0.9	1.4
Multiple visible minorities	35	15	20	1.6	1.4	1.8
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	1,380	695	680	64.0	65.6	62.1
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	2,155	1,060	1,095	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian	135	75	65	6.3	7.1	5.9
English	375	180	200	17.4	17.0	18.3
Irish	235	105	130	10.9	9.9	11.9
Scottish	320	155	165	14.8	14.6	15.1
French, n.o.s.¹²²	80	35	45	3.7	3.3	4.1
German	190	90	100	8.8	8.5	9.1
Chinese	335	140	195	15.5	13.2	17.8
Italian	40	20	20	1.9	1.9	1.8
Indian (India)	65	40	30	3.0	3.8	2.7
Ukrainian	75	30	45	3.5	2.8	4.1
Dutch	80	30	45	3.7	2.8	4.1
Polish	70	40	35	3.2	3.8	3.2
Québécois	10	10	0	0.5	0.9	0.0
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	50	20	30	2.3	1.9	2.7
Filipino	65	30	35	3.0	2.8	3.2
French Canadian	10	0	0	0.5	0.0	0.0
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	40	15	15	1.9	1.4	1.4
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	125	70	55	5.8	6.6	5.0
Métis	20	10	10	0.9	0.9	0.9
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	85	45	40	3.9	4.2	3.7
Russian	40	20	15	1.9	1.9	1.4
Norwegian	40	20	25	1.9	1.9	2.3
Welsh	25	10	10	1.2	0.9	0.9
Portuguese	15	10	10	0.7	0.9	0.9
American	20	10	10	0.9	0.9	0.9
Spanish	45	20	25	2.1	1.9	2.3
Swedish	15	10	10	0.7	0.9	0.9
Hungarian	25	10	15	1.2	0.9	1.4
Acadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jewish	30	15	10	1.4	1.4	0.9
Punjabi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	10	10	10	0.5	0.9	0.9
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	25	10	15	1.2	0.9	1.4
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	35	15	10	1.6	1.4	0.9
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	15	10	0	0.7	0.9	0.0
Korean	35	15	25	1.6	1.4	2.3
Romanian	20	10	15	0.9	0.9	1.4
Lebanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian	10	0	0	0.5	0.0	0.0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	10	0	0	0.5	0.0	0.0
Danish	25	0	15	1.2	0.0	1.4
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	25	15	10	1.2	1.4	0.9
Sikh	10	10	0	0.5	0.9	0.0
Austrian	15	10	10	0.7	0.9	0.9
Belgian	10	0	0	0.5	0.0	0.0
Haitian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mennonite	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss	15	10	0	0.7	0.9	0.0
Finnish	15	10	10	0.7	0.9	0.9
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	20	10	10	0.9	0.9	0.9
Japanese	20	10	0	0.9	0.9	0.0
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	20	10	10	0.9	0.9	0.9
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	10	0	10	0.5	0.0	0.9
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	10	10	0	0.5	0.9	0.0
Muslim	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egyptian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	10	0	10	0.5	0.0	0.9
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	10	10	0	0.5	0.9	0.0
Colombian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moroccan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afghan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Konger	40	20	15	1.9	1.9	1.4
Ontarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazilian	10	10	0	0.5	0.9	0.0
Nigerian	0	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.9
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	10	0	10	0.5	0.0	0.9
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwanese	10	10	10	0.5	0.9	0.9
Iraqi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	10	0	0	0.5	0.0	0.0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	10	0	0.0	0.9	0.0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South African	10	10	0	0.5	0.9	0.0
Australian	10	10	0	0.5	0.9	0.0
Palestinian	20	10	10	0.9	0.9	0.9
Chilean	10	10	0	0.5	0.9	0.0
Congolese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nova Scotian	10	0	0	0.5	0.0	0.0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	10	0	0	0.5	0.0	0.0
Peruvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Canadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israeli	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albertan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African American	0	10	10	0.0	0.9	0.9
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	25	15	10	1.2	1.4	0.9
Laotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Irish	10	10	0	0.5	0.9	0.0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
British Columbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	10	10	0	0.5	0.9	0.0
Jatt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dominican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Abenaki	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Zealander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Breton	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malaysian	10	0	10	0.5	0.0	0.9
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gaspesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norman	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Manitoban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Honduran	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cherokee	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Flemish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Goan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	15	10	10	0.7	0.9	0.9
Azorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamileke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Libyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Basque	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igorot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guinean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maliseet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Beninese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Roma	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tajik	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amhara	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	2,155	1,060	1,100	100.0	100.0	100.0
Buddhist	30	10	25	1.4	0.9	2.3
Christian	720	325	390	33.4	30.7	35.5
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	210	90	120	9.7	8.5	10.9
Anabaptist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anglican	50	30	20	2.3	2.8	1.8
Baptist	10	0	0	0.5	0.0	0.0
Catholic	310	155	160	14.4	14.6	14.5
Christian Orthodox	10	0	0	0.5	0.0	0.0
Jehovah's Witness	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latter Day Saints	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lutheran	25	10	15	1.2	0.9	1.4
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Presbyterian	0	10	10	0.0	0.9	0.9
Reformed	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Church	55	10	40	2.6	0.9	3.6
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	35	20	20	1.6	1.9	1.8
Hindu	35	15	15	1.6	1.4	1.4
Jewish	25	15	10	1.2	1.4	0.9
Muslim	110	60	50	5.1	5.7	4.5
Sikh	30	20	15	1.4	1.9	1.4
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	15	10	0	0.7	0.9	0.0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	20	10	15	0.9	0.9	1.4
No religion and secular perspectives	1,170	595	575	54.3	56.1	52.3
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	2,120	1,035	1,085	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	1,385	680	705	65.3	65.7	65.0
Movers	730	350	380	34.4	33.8	35.0
Non-migrants	275	125	150	13.0	12.1	13.8
Migrants	460	225	230	21.7	21.7	21.2
Internal migrants	400	205	200	18.9	19.8	18.4
Intraprovincial migrants	355	175	175	16.7	16.9	16.1
Interprovincial migrants	50	25	30	2.4	2.4	2.8
External migrants	60	25	35	2.8	2.4	3.2
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	2,025	985	1,040	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	535	255	280	26.4	25.9	26.9
Movers	1,490	730	755	73.6	74.1	72.6
Non-migrants	140	75	65	6.9	7.6	6.3
Migrants	1,350	655	690	66.7	66.5	66.3
Internal migrants	1,145	565	580	56.5	57.4	55.8
Intraprovincial migrants	995	495	500	49.1	50.3	48.1
Interprovincial migrants	150	75	80	7.4	7.6	7.7
External migrants	200	90	115	9.9	9.1	11.1
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	1,810	865	940	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	240	150	90	13.3	17.3	9.6
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	1,570	720	850	86.7	83.2	90.4
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	1,240	610	630	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	105	70	40	8.5	11.5	6.3
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	1,135	545	590	91.5	89.3	93.7
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	1,810	870	945	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	210	125	85	11.6	14.4	9.0
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	485	230	255	26.8	26.4	27.0
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,115	510	605	61.6	58.6	64.0
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	535	250	285	29.6	28.7	30.2
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	145	100	50	8.0	11.5	5.3
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	70	35	30	3.9	4.0	3.2
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	85	60	15	4.7	6.9	1.6
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	305	120	185	16.9	13.8	19.6
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	85	30	55	4.7	3.4	5.8
Bachelor's degree or higher	575	255	320	31.8	29.3	33.9
Bachelor's degree	355	150	205	19.6	17.2	21.7
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	35	15	25	1.9	1.7	2.6
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	15	10	0	0.8	1.1	0.0
Master's degree	130	60	70	7.2	6.9	7.4
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	40	20	15	2.2	2.3	1.6
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	1,240	615	625	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	90	55	30	7.3	8.9	4.8
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	285	165	125	23.0	26.8	20.0
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	860	395	470	69.4	64.2	75.2
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	395	200	200	31.9	32.5	32.0
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	105	80	30	8.5	13.0	4.8
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	45	30	20	3.6	4.9	3.2
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	60	50	15	4.8	8.1	2.4
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	220	90	125	17.7	14.6	20.0
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	70	30	45	5.6	4.9	7.2
Bachelor's degree or higher	470	195	270	37.9	31.7	43.2
Bachelor's degree	295	120	170	23.8	19.5	27.2
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	30	10	15	2.4	1.6	2.4
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	10	0	10	0.8	0.0	1.6
Master's degree	115	45	70	9.3	7.3	11.2
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	30	20	15	2.4	3.3	2.4
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	1,805	870	945	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	700	360	340	38.8	41.4	36.0
Education	70	15	60	3.9	1.7	6.3
13. Education	70	15	60	3.9	1.7	6.3
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	45	15	30	2.5	1.7	3.2
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	10	10	0	0.6	1.1	0.0
50. Visual and performing arts	40	10	30	2.2	1.1	3.2
Humanities	40	10	30	2.2	1.1	3.2
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	10	0	0	0.6	0.0	0.0
23. English language and literature/letters	10	10	10	0.6	1.1	1.1
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	20	10	15	1.1	1.1	1.6
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
54. History	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	180	60	115	10.0	6.9	12.2
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	10	0	0	0.6	0.0	0.0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	25	0	20	1.4	0.0	2.1
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	35	0	30	1.9	0.0	3.2
22. Legal professions and studies	20	10	15	1.1	1.1	1.6
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
42. Psychology	40	10	25	2.2	1.1	2.6
45. Social sciences	55	30	25	3.0	3.4	2.6
Business, management and public administration	250	95	155	13.9	10.9	16.4
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	240	90	150	13.3	10.3	15.9
Physical and life sciences and technologies	40	15	25	2.2	1.7	2.6
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	25	0	20	1.4	0.0	2.1
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	10	0	0	0.6	0.0	0.0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
40. Physical sciences	10	0	0	0.6	0.0	0.0
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	60	35	25	3.3	4.0	2.6
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	50	30	25	2.8	3.4	2.6
25. Library science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
27. Mathematics and statistics	10	10	0	0.6	1.1	0.0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	210	190	20	11.6	21.8	2.1
04. Architecture and related services	10	0	10	0.6	0.0	1.1
14. Engineering	75	65	10	4.2	7.5	1.1
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	35	35	0	1.9	4.0	0.0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	40	40	0	2.2	4.6	0.0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	35	30	0	1.9	3.4	0.0
48. Precision production	15	15	0	0.8	1.7	0.0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	10	10	0	0.6	1.1	0.0
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Health and related fields	140	40	100	7.8	4.6	10.6
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	15	10	10	0.8	1.1	1.1
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	120	25	95	6.6	2.9	10.1
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Personal, protective and transportation services	60	30	35	3.3	3.4	3.7
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	40	15	25	2.2	1.7	2.6
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	0	10	0	0.0	1.1	0.0
49. Transportation and materials moving	10	10	0	0.6	1.1	0.0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	1,240	610	625	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	375	220	160	30.2	36.1	25.6
Education	45	10	35	3.6	1.6	5.6
13. Education	45	10	35	3.6	1.6	5.6
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	35	10	25	2.8	1.6	4.0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
50. Visual and performing arts	35	10	25	2.8	1.6	4.0
Humanities	35	15	25	2.8	2.5	4.0
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	10	0	0	0.8	0.0	0.0
23. English language and literature/letters	10	0	10	0.8	0.0	1.6
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	15	10	10	1.2	1.6	1.6
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
54. History	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	155	50	100	12.5	8.2	16.0
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	10	0	0	0.8	0.0	0.0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	25	10	15	2.0	1.6	2.4
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	20	0	20	1.6	0.0	3.2
22. Legal professions and studies	20	10	15	1.6	1.6	2.4
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
42. Psychology	35	0	30	2.8	0.0	4.8
45. Social sciences	50	30	25	4.0	4.9	4.0
Business, management and public administration	195	75	120	15.7	12.3	19.2
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	10	0	10	0.8	0.0	1.6
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	190	70	115	15.3	11.5	18.4
Physical and life sciences and technologies	30	10	20	2.4	1.6	3.2
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	20	0	15	1.6	0.0	2.4
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	10	10	0	0.8	1.6	0.0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	55	30	20	4.4	4.9	3.2
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	45	25	20	3.6	4.1	3.2
25. Library science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
27. Mathematics and statistics	10	0	0	0.8	0.0	0.0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	150	140	15	12.1	23.0	2.4
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
14. Engineering	50	45	10	4.0	7.4	1.6
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	25	25	0	2.0	4.1	0.0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	40	35	0	3.2	5.7	0.0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	25	20	0	2.0	3.3	0.0
48. Precision production	10	10	0	0.8	1.6	0.0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	10	10	0	0.8	1.6	0.0
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	10	0	0	0.8	0.0	0.0
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Health and related fields	100	20	80	8.1	3.3	12.8
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	15	10	0	1.2	1.6	0.0
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	85	10	75	6.9	1.6	12.0
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Personal, protective and transportation services	45	20	25	3.6	3.3	4.0
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	30	10	20	2.4	1.6	3.2
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
49. Transportation and materials moving	10	0	0	0.8	0.0	0.0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	1,240	610	625	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	375	220	160	30.2	36.1	25.6
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	865	395	475	69.8	64.8	76.0
Location of study inside Canada	615	275	335	49.6	45.1	53.6
Same as province or territory of residence	460	205	255	37.1	33.6	40.8
Different than province or territory of residence	150	70	80	12.1	11.5	12.8
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	255	120	135	20.6	19.7	21.6
Americas	50	25	25	4.0	4.1	4.0
United States of America	40	20	15	3.2	3.3	2.4
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Americas	10	0	10	0.8	0.0	1.6
Europe	55	35	20	4.4	5.7	3.2
Belgium	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	10	0	0	0.8	0.0	0.0
Germany	10	0	0	0.8	0.0	0.0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Switzerland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	10	0	0	0.8	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	20	10	0	1.6	1.6	0.0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Europe	10	10	0	0.8	1.6	0.0
Africa	10	10	10	0.8	1.6	1.6
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	10	0	10	0.8	0.0	1.6
Other locations of study in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asia	125	40	80	10.1	6.6	12.8
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	45	15	30	3.6	2.5	4.8
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	15	10	10	1.2	1.6	1.6
Japan	10	0	0	0.8	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	10	0	10	0.8	0.0	1.6
Philippines	20	10	10	1.6	1.6	1.6
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	10	0.0	0.0	1.6
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Asia	20	0	15	1.6	0.0	2.4
Oceania	0	10	0	0.0	1.6	0.0
Australia	0	10	0	0.0	1.6	0.0
New Zealand	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	1,810	870	945	...	...	...
In the labour force	1,190	615	575	...	...	...
Employed	1,105	565	540	...	...	...
Unemployed	90	50	40	...	...	...
Not in the labour force	620	255	360	...	...	...
Participation rate	65.7	70.7	60.8	65.7	70.7	60.8
Employment rate	61.0	64.9	57.1	61.0	64.9	57.1
Unemployment rate	7.6	8.1	7.0	7.6	8.1	7.0
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	1,805	870	945	100.0	100.0	100.0
Did not work¹⁸⁶	650	290	360	36.0	33.3	38.1
Worked	1,160	575	585	64.3	66.1	61.9
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	660	355	305	36.6	40.8	32.3
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	500	215	280	27.7	24.7	29.6
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.6	44.2	40.9	42.6	44.2	40.9
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	1,195	610	580	100.0	100.0	100.0
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	40	30	15	3.3	4.9	2.6
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	1,155	590	565	96.7	96.7	97.4
Employee	935	460	475	78.2	75.4	81.9
Permanent position	770	375	400	64.4	61.5	69.0
Temporary position	165	90	80	13.8	14.8	13.8
Fixed term (1 year or more)	70	30	40	5.9	4.9	6.9
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	100	60	40	8.4	9.8	6.9
Self-employed¹⁹²	215	125	90	18.0	20.5	15.5
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	1,195	610	580	100.0	100.0	100.0
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	40	30	15	3.3	4.9	2.6
All occupations¹⁹¹	1,155	590	565	96.7	96.7	97.4
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	45	35	10	3.8	5.7	1.7
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	245	55	185	20.5	9.0	31.9
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	95	65	30	7.9	10.7	5.2
3 Health occupations	75	20	60	6.3	3.3	10.3
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	130	45	85	10.9	7.4	14.7
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	45	20	25	3.8	3.3	4.3
6 Sales and service occupations	255	115	140	21.3	18.9	24.1
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	200	190	10	16.7	31.1	1.7
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	35	30	10	2.9	4.9	1.7
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	25	15	0	2.1	2.5	0.0
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	1,195	610	580	100.0	100.0	100.0
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	40	30	15	3.3	4.9	2.6
All industries¹⁹¹	1,155	590	565	96.7	96.7	97.4
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	10	10	0	0.8	1.6	0.0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
22 Utilities	10	10	0	0.8	1.6	0.0
23 Construction	100	85	10	8.4	13.9	1.7
31-33 Manufacturing	65	40	20	5.4	6.6	3.4
41 Wholesale trade	25	15	10	2.1	2.5	1.7
44-45 Retail trade	110	35	75	9.2	5.7	12.9
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	105	80	25	8.8	13.1	4.3
51 Information and cultural industries	25	15	10	2.1	2.5	1.7
52 Finance and insurance	65	20	40	5.4	3.3	6.9
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	50	20	30	4.2	3.3	5.2
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	130	75	55	10.9	12.3	9.5
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	75	50	25	6.3	8.2	4.3
61 Educational services	75	20	50	6.3	3.3	8.6
62 Health care and social assistance	125	20	105	10.5	3.3	18.1
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	25	20	0	2.1	3.3	0.0
72 Accommodation and food services	50	20	30	4.2	3.3	5.2
81 Other services (except public administration)	35	20	20	2.9	3.3	3.4
91 Public administration	80	35	45	6.7	5.7	7.8
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	1,230	625	610	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	1,130	580	545	91.9	92.8	89.3
French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-official language	20	0	10	1.6	0.0	1.6
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	20	0	10	1.6	0.0	1.6
English and French	15	10	10	1.2	1.6	1.6
English and non-official language(s)	60	30	40	4.9	4.8	6.6
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	10	10	0	0.8	1.6	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	1,230	625	610	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	1,210	610	595	98.4	97.6	97.5
Official languages	1,180	605	575	95.9	96.8	94.3
English	1,170	600	570	95.1	96.0	93.4
French	10	0	0	0.8	0.0	0.0
Non-official languages	35	10	20	2.8	1.6	3.3
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	35	10	20	2.8	1.6	3.3
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	10	0	10	0.8	0.0	1.6
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	10	10	10	0.8	1.6	1.6
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	20	0	15	1.6	0.0	2.5
Chinese languages	20	0	15	1.6	0.0	2.5
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	10	0	0	0.8	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	10	0	10	0.8	0.0	1.6
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	20	10	15	1.6	1.6	2.5
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	20	10	0	1.6	1.6	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	1,230	625	610	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	1,170	595	575	95.1	95.2	94.3
English	10	10	10	0.8	1.6	1.6
French	10	0	0	0.8	0.0	0.0
Non-official language	35	15	15	2.8	2.4	2.5
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	35	15	15	2.8	2.4	2.5
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	1,105	565	540	100.0	100.0	100.0
Worked at home	305	125	180	27.6	22.1	33.3
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
No fixed workplace address	150	115	35	13.6	20.4	6.5
Usual place of work	640	315	325	57.9	55.8	60.2
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	635	315	325	100.0	100.0	100.0
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	120	45	70	18.9	14.3	21.5
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	510	265	240	80.3	84.1	73.8
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	10	0	10	1.6	0.0	3.1
Commute to a different province or territory	10	10	0	1.6	3.2	0.0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	790	430	355	100.0	100.0	100.0
Car, truck or van	685	390	295	86.7	90.7	83.1
Car, truck or van - as a driver	645	380	265	81.6	88.4	74.6
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	40	10	30	5.1	2.3	8.5
Public transit	30	10	25	3.8	2.3	7.0
Walked	40	10	30	5.1	2.3	8.5
Bicycle	15	15	0	1.9	3.5	0.0
Other method	25	15	10	3.2	3.5	2.8
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	790	430	355	100.0	100.0	100.0
Less than 15 minutes	225	110	110	28.5	25.6	31.0
15 to 29 minutes	240	130	115	30.4	30.2	32.4
30 to 44 minutes	205	120	80	25.9	27.9	22.5
45 to 59 minutes	80	50	30	10.1	11.6	8.5
60 minutes and over	45	25	20	5.7	5.8	5.6
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	790	430	355	100.0	100.0	100.0
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	55	40	15	7.0	9.3	4.2
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	150	95	50	19.0	22.1	14.1
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	155	100	55	19.6	23.3	15.5
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	180	75	105	22.8	17.4	29.6
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	140	50	90	17.7	11.6	25.4
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	110	75	40	13.9	17.4	11.3
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	405	215	195	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	30	15	15	7.4	7.0	7.7
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	375	200	180	92.6	93.0	92.3
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	275	145	125	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	25	10	10	9.1	6.9	8.0
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	15	0	10	5.5	0.0	8.0
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	10	5	0	3.6	3.4	0.0
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	250	135	115	90.9	93.1	92.0

Symbol legend

...
not applicable
x
suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 30, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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