Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	Port Moody, City (CY)More information: British Columbia [Census subdivision]
	Counts			Rates
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	33,535	...	...	...	...	...
Population, 2016¹	33,551	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	0.0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Total private dwellings²	13,603	...	...	...	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	13,109	...	...	...	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	1,297.3	...	...	1,297.3	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	25.85	...	...	...	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	33,535	16,475	17,065	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	5,520	2,900	2,620	16.5	17.6	15.4
0 to 4 years	1,595	835	760	4.8	5.1	4.5
5 to 9 years	1,830	950	885	5.5	5.8	5.2
10 to 14 years	2,090	1,115	975	6.2	6.8	5.7
15 to 64 years	23,175	11,310	11,865	69.1	68.6	69.5
15 to 19 years	2,055	1,060	995	6.1	6.4	5.8
20 to 24 years	1,745	925	815	5.2	5.6	4.8
25 to 29 years	1,745	885	860	5.2	5.4	5.0
30 to 34 years	2,310	1,150	1,160	6.9	7.0	6.8
35 to 39 years	2,480	1,200	1,275	7.4	7.3	7.5
40 to 44 years	2,555	1,175	1,380	7.6	7.1	8.1
45 to 49 years	2,720	1,300	1,420	8.1	7.9	8.3
50 to 54 years	2,735	1,295	1,440	8.2	7.9	8.4
55 to 59 years	2,635	1,270	1,360	7.9	7.7	8.0
60 to 64 years	2,200	1,060	1,140	6.6	6.4	6.7
65 years and over	4,840	2,260	2,580	14.4	13.7	15.1
65 to 69 years	1,655	780	875	4.9	4.7	5.1
70 to 74 years	1,285	615	665	3.8	3.7	3.9
75 to 79 years	910	410	495	2.7	2.5	2.9
80 to 84 years	585	275	305	1.7	1.7	1.8
85 years and over	415	180	235	1.2	1.1	1.4
85 to 89 years	275	135	140	0.8	0.8	0.8
90 to 94 years	105	35	70	0.3	0.2	0.4
95 to 99 years	30	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
100 years and over	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	16.5	17.6	15.4	16.5	17.6	15.4
15 to 64 years	69.1	68.6	69.5	69.1	68.6	69.5
65 years and over	14.4	13.7	15.1	14.4	13.7	15.1
85 years and over	1.2	1.1	1.4	1.2	1.1	1.4
Average age of the population	40.7	39.8	41.6	40.7	39.8	41.6
Median age of the population	41.6	40.4	42.8	41.6	40.4	42.8
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	13,110	...	...	100.0	...	...
Single-detached house	3,940	...	...	30.1	...	...
Semi-detached house	405	...	...	3.1	...	...
Row house	2,605	...	...	19.9	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	1,045	...	...	8.0	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	3,210	...	...	24.5	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	1,895	...	...	14.5	...	...
Other single-attached house	5	...	...	0.0	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	5	...	...	0.0	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	13,110	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 person	2,950	...	...	22.5	...	...
2 persons	4,400	...	...	33.6	...	...
3 persons	2,545	...	...	19.4	...	...
4 persons	2,355	...	...	18.0	...	...
5 or more persons	860	...	...	6.6	...	...
Number of persons in private households	33,455	16,435	17,020	100.0	100.0	100.0
Average household size	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	28,020	13,570	14,445	100.0	100.0	100.0
Married or living common-law	17,575	8,735	8,845	62.7	64.4	61.2
Married	14,880	7,385	7,495	53.1	54.4	51.9
Living common-law	2,695	1,345	1,345	9.6	9.9	9.3
Living common law - Never married	2,030	1,010	1,020	7.2	7.4	7.1
Living common law - Separated	85	45	40	0.3	0.3	0.3
Living common law - Divorced	530	270	265	1.9	2.0	1.8
Living common law - Widowed	45	25	15	0.2	0.2	0.1
Not married and not living common-law	10,440	4,840	5,605	37.3	35.7	38.8
Not married and not living common law - Never married	7,090	3,815	3,280	25.3	28.1	22.7
Not married and not living common law - Separated	700	285	410	2.5	2.1	2.8
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	1,675	535	1,140	6.0	3.9	7.9
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	980	205	775	3.5	1.5	5.4
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	10,020	...	...	100.0	...	...
2 persons	4,640	...	...	46.3	...	...
3 persons	2,500	...	...	25.0	...	...
4 persons	2,310	...	...	23.1	...	...
5 or more persons	570	...	...	5.7	...	...
Average size of census families	2.9	...	...	2.9	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.7	...	...	1.7	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	10,020	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total couple families	8,630	...	...	86.1	...	...
Married couples	7,280	...	...	72.7	...	...
With children⁶	4,425	...	...	44.2	...	...
Without children	2,860	...	...	28.5	...	...
Common-law couples	1,345	...	...	13.4	...	...
With children⁶	405	...	...	4.0	...	...
Without children	940	...	...	9.4	...	...
Total one-parent families	1,390	...	...	13.9	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	1,095	...	...	10.9	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	295	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	33,450	16,435	17,020	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total - Persons in census families	28,990	14,470	14,525	86.7	88.0	85.3
Married spouses or common-law partners	17,255	8,625	8,635	51.6	52.5	50.7
Parents in one-parent families	1,395	295	1,100	4.2	1.8	6.5
Children⁶	10,340	5,550	4,790	30.9	33.8	28.1
In a two-parent family	8,295	4,425	3,870	24.8	26.9	22.7
In a one-parent family	2,045	1,125	920	6.1	6.8	5.4
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	4,465	1,970	2,495	13.3	12.0	14.7
Living alone	2,945	1,255	1,690	8.8	7.6	9.9
Living with other relatives⁷	660	240	420	2.0	1.5	2.5
Living with non-relatives only	855	480	380	2.6	2.9	2.2
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	13,105	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	8,990	...	...	68.6	...	...
Couple-family households	7,820	...	...	59.7	...	...
With children⁶	4,445	...	...	33.9	...	...
Without children	3,375	...	...	25.8	...	...
One-parent-family households	1,170	...	...	8.9	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	320	...	...	2.4	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	100	...	...	0.8	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	370	...	...	2.8	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	385	...	...	2.9	...	...
One-person households	2,945	...	...	22.5	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	27,935	13,540	14,395	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	26,940	13,050	13,890	96.4	96.4	96.5
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	51,600	62,000	44,000	51,600	62,000	44,000
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	26,965	13,060	13,905	96.5	96.5	96.6
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	46,000	54,000	40,000	46,000	54,000	40,000
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	25,050	12,290	12,760	89.7	90.8	88.6
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	48,000	60,800	38,800	48,000	60,800	38,800
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	20,490	10,350	10,135	73.3	76.4	70.4
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	53,200	65,000	43,600	53,200	65,000	43,600
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	20,050	8,670	11,380	71.8	64.0	79.1
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,600	7,050	7,850	7,600	7,050	7,850
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	1,955	820	1,135	7.0	6.1	7.9
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,680	5,440	6,000	5,680	5,440	6,000
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	6,645	3,130	3,525	23.8	23.1	24.5
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,000	8,000	8,500	8,000	8,000	8,500
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	27,940	13,540	14,400	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	27,015	13,050	13,970	96.7	96.4	97.0
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	68,800	82,800	55,650	68,800	82,800	55,650
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	27,035	13,050	13,985	96.8	96.4	97.1
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	55,600	65,100	46,720	55,600	65,100	46,720
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	25,135	12,330	12,810	90.0	91.1	89.0
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	66,300	81,000	52,000	66,300	81,000	52,000
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	20,490	10,365	10,125	73.3	76.6	70.3
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	68,000	82,400	53,300	68,000	82,400	53,300
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	20,110	8,620	11,490	72.0	63.7	79.8
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	9,570	9,430	9,660	9,570	9,430	9,660
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	1,880	795	1,080	6.7	5.9	7.5
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,600	5,440	7,460	6,600	5,440	7,460
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	6,755	3,060	3,690	24.2	22.6	25.6
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	9,010	9,150	8,890	9,010	9,150	8,890
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	27,940	13,540	14,400	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	10,810	6,060	4,750	38.7	44.8	33.0
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	82,000	91,000	70,500	82,000	91,000	70,500
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	100,300	115,100	81,400	100,300	115,100	81,400
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	7,470	3,360	4,115	26.7	24.8	28.6
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	19,400	21,800	18,000	19,400	21,800	18,000
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	34,440	39,600	30,200	34,440	39,600	30,200
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	89.6	92.4	85.8	89.6	92.4	85.8
Employment income (%)¹⁹	75.0	79.0	69.4	75.0	79.0	69.4
Government transfers (%)²⁰	10.4	7.5	14.3	10.4	7.5	14.3
Employment insurance benefits (%)	0.7	0.4	1.0	0.7	0.4	1.0
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	4.0	3.1	5.3	4.0	3.1	5.3
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	3.3	2.6	4.2	3.3	2.6	4.2
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	27,940	13,535	14,400	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without total income	995	490	505	3.6	3.6	3.5
With total income	26,940	13,050	13,890	96.4	96.4	96.5
Under $10,000 (including loss)	2,695	1,100	1,595	10.0	8.4	11.5
$10,000 to $19,999	2,510	1,015	1,495	9.3	7.8	10.8
$20,000 to $29,999	3,040	1,265	1,780	11.3	9.7	12.8
$30,000 to $39,999	2,510	1,020	1,490	9.3	7.8	10.7
$40,000 to $49,999	2,330	935	1,395	8.6	7.2	10.0
$50,000 to $59,999	2,240	990	1,255	8.3	7.6	9.0
$60,000 to $69,999	1,960	900	1,065	7.3	6.9	7.7
$70,000 to $79,999	1,630	810	820	6.1	6.2	5.9
$80,000 to $89,999	1,515	800	715	5.6	6.1	5.1
$90,000 to $99,999	1,305	725	580	4.8	5.6	4.2
$100,000 and over	5,205	3,500	1,705	19.3	26.8	12.3
$100,000 to $149,999	3,285	2,055	1,235	12.2	15.7	8.9
$150,000 and over	1,915	1,440	475	7.1	11.0	3.4
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	27,940	13,535	14,400	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without after-tax income	975	480	495	3.5	3.5	3.4
With after-tax income	26,965	13,060	13,905	96.5	96.5	96.6
Under $10,000 (including loss)	2,805	1,130	1,675	10.4	8.7	12.0
$10,000 to $19,999	2,570	1,045	1,525	9.5	8.0	11.0
$20,000 to $29,999	3,495	1,450	2,050	13.0	11.1	14.7
$30,000 to $39,999	2,895	1,160	1,730	10.7	8.9	12.4
$40,000 to $49,999	2,885	1,255	1,630	10.7	9.6	11.7
$50,000 to $59,999	2,620	1,170	1,450	9.7	9.0	10.4
$60,000 to $69,999	2,145	1,100	1,045	8.0	8.4	7.5
$70,000 to $79,999	1,895	1,030	860	7.0	7.9	6.2
$80,000 to $89,999	1,515	855	655	5.6	6.5	4.7
$90,000 to $99,999	1,050	640	410	3.9	4.9	2.9
$100,000 and over	3,095	2,220	880	11.5	17.0	6.3
$100,000 to $124,999	1,570	1,055	510	5.8	8.1	3.7
$125,000 and over	1,530	1,160	370	5.7	8.9	2.7
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	27,940	13,535	14,400	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without employment income	7,445	3,185	4,260	26.6	23.5	29.6
With employment income	20,490	10,350	10,140	73.3	76.5	70.4
Under $5,000 (including loss)	2,570	1,135	1,430	12.5	11.0	14.1
$5,000 to $9,999	1,365	595	770	6.7	5.7	7.6
$10,000 to $19,999	1,780	710	1,070	8.7	6.9	10.6
$20,000 to $29,999	1,290	525	765	6.3	5.1	7.5
$30,000 to $39,999	1,355	615	740	6.6	5.9	7.3
$40,000 to $49,999	1,410	570	840	6.9	5.5	8.3
$50,000 to $59,999	1,485	670	815	7.2	6.5	8.0
$60,000 to $69,999	1,405	660	745	6.9	6.4	7.3
$70,000 to $79,999	1,255	655	600	6.1	6.3	5.9
$80,000 to $89,999	1,225	645	580	6.0	6.2	5.7
$90,000 to $99,999	1,120	625	495	5.5	6.0	4.9
$100,000 and over	4,245	2,960	1,285	20.7	28.6	12.7
$100,000 to $124,999	1,730	1,065	670	8.4	10.3	6.6
$125,000 and over	2,510	1,890	615	12.2	18.3	6.1
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	27,935	13,540	14,395	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	26,135	12,630	13,505	93.6	93.3	93.8
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	50,400	62,400	42,400	50,400	62,400	42,400
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	26,205	12,650	13,555	93.8	93.4	94.2
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	44,400	53,200	37,600	44,400	53,200	37,600
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	24,715	12,100	12,610	88.5	89.4	87.6
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	49,200	62,000	39,600	49,200	62,000	39,600
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	20,930	10,490	10,440	74.9	77.5	72.5
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	51,600	64,000	42,000	51,600	64,000	42,000
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	15,135	5,965	9,165	54.2	44.1	63.7
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	3,640	2,240	4,320	3,640	2,240	4,320
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	1,360	540	820	4.9	4.0	5.7
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	5,640	4,080	7,150	5,640	4,080	7,150
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	27,940	13,540	14,400	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	26,105	12,600	13,510	93.4	93.1	93.8
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	65,900	80,900	51,850	65,900	80,900	51,850
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	26,165	12,610	13,550	93.6	93.1	94.1
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	53,050	63,450	43,360	53,050	63,450	43,360
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	24,780	12,105	12,675	88.7	89.4	88.0
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	65,000	80,700	50,040	65,000	80,700	50,040
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	21,020	10,510	10,510	75.2	77.6	73.0
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	64,700	79,700	49,600	64,700	79,700	49,600
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	15,180	5,920	9,260	54.3	43.7	64.3
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	7,150	7,180	7,130	7,150	7,180	7,130
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	1,385	540	850	5.0	4.0	5.9
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	7,620	5,860	8,740	7,620	5,860	8,740
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	27,940	13,540	14,400	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	10,720	5,995	4,720	38.4	44.3	32.8
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	77,000	88,000	64,000	77,000	88,000	64,000
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	93,500	108,900	73,900	93,500	108,900	73,900
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	7,125	3,205	3,925	25.5	23.7	27.3
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	26,200	30,200	23,400	26,200	30,200	23,400
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	40,200	47,560	34,160	40,200	47,560	34,160
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	93.6	95.8	90.6	93.6	95.8	90.6
Employment income (%)	79.0	82.2	74.4	79.0	82.2	74.4
Government transfers (%)	6.3	4.2	9.4	6.3	4.2	9.4
Employment insurance benefits (%)	0.6	0.3	1.1	0.6	0.3	1.1
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	13,110	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	115,000	...	...	115,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	99,000	...	...	99,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	2,945	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	59,600	...	...	59,600	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	51,600	...	...	51,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	10,165	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	135,000	...	...	135,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	116,000	...	...	116,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	13,110	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	141,800	...	...	141,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	114,600	...	...	114,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	2,940	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	73,800	...	...	73,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	60,150	...	...	60,150	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	10,175	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	161,400	...	...	161,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	130,400	...	...	130,400	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	13,110	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	125	...	...	1.0	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	60	...	...	0.5	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	70	...	...	0.5	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	145	...	...	1.1	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	245	...	...	1.9	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	195	...	...	1.5	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	230	...	...	1.8	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	315	...	...	2.4	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	335	...	...	2.6	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	305	...	...	2.3	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	680	...	...	5.2	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	705	...	...	5.4	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	730	...	...	5.6	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	750	...	...	5.7	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	670	...	...	5.1	...	...
$100,000 and over	7,540	...	...	57.5	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,600	...	...	12.2	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,430	...	...	10.9	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	2,035	...	...	15.5	...	...
$200,000 and over	2,480	...	...	18.9	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	13,110	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	145	...	...	1.1	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	65	...	...	0.5	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	70	...	...	0.5	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	150	...	...	1.1	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	265	...	...	2.0	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	230	...	...	1.8	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	270	...	...	2.1	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	385	...	...	2.9	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	395	...	...	3.0	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	395	...	...	3.0	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	865	...	...	6.6	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	860	...	...	6.6	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	880	...	...	6.7	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	835	...	...	6.4	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	835	...	...	6.4	...	...
$100,000 and over	6,475	...	...	49.4	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,885	...	...	14.4	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,460	...	...	11.1	...	...
$150,000 and over	3,130	...	...	23.9	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	9,930	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	135,000	...	...	135,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	116,000	...	...	116,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.0	...	...	3.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	3,465	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	121,000	...	...	121,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	103,000	...	...	103,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	4,855	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	162,000	...	...	162,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	137,000	...	...	137,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	3.8	...	...	3.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	1,320	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	82,000	...	...	82,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	74,000	...	...	74,000	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.5	...	...	2.5	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	3,805	1,730	2,070	...	...	...
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	54,400	60,800	51,200	54,400	60,800	51,200
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	48,000	52,000	45,600	48,000	52,000	45,600
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	9,925	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	161,600	...	...	161,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	130,200	...	...	130,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	3,415	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	147,600	...	...	147,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	119,500	...	...	119,500	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	4,840	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	192,000	...	...	192,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	152,800	...	...	152,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,330	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	90,300	...	...	90,300	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	77,800	...	...	77,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	3,745	1,705	2,045	...	...	...
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	67,800	70,400	65,700	67,800	70,400	65,700
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	55,850	57,900	54,150	55,850	57,900	54,150
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	33,455	16,440	17,020	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	6,765	3,520	3,240	20.2	21.4	19.0
0 to 5 years	1,935	1,020	920	5.8	6.2	5.4
18 to 64 years	21,915	10,685	11,235	65.5	65.0	66.0
65 years and over	4,775	2,235	2,540	14.3	13.6	14.9
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	2,330	1,050	1,280	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	530	265	270	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	115	65	50	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	1,380	610	765	...	...	...
65 years and over	420	175	245	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	7.0	6.4	7.5	7.0	6.4	7.5
0 to 17 years (%)	7.8	7.4	8.3	7.8	7.4	8.3
0 to 5 years (%)	6.0	6.6	5.4	6.0	6.6	5.4
18 to 64 years (%)	6.3	5.7	6.8	6.3	5.7	6.8
65 years and over (%)	8.9	7.9	9.7	8.9	7.9	9.7
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	33,450	16,435	17,015	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	6,765	3,520	3,245	20.2	21.4	19.1
0 to 5 years	1,935	1,015	920	5.8	6.2	5.4
18 to 64 years	21,920	10,685	11,230	65.5	65.0	66.0
65 years and over	4,770	2,235	2,540	14.3	13.6	14.9
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	1,545	705	840	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	325	155	170	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	60	35	25	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	1,045	490	560	...	...	...
65 years and over	180	65	115	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	4.6	4.3	4.9	4.6	4.3	4.9
0 to 17 years (%)	4.8	4.3	5.2	4.8	4.3	5.2
0 to 5 years (%)	3.2	3.4	2.8	3.2	3.4	2.8
18 to 64 years (%)	4.8	4.6	5.0	4.8	4.6	5.0
65 years and over (%)	3.7	3.0	4.4	3.7	3.0	4.4
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	33,455	16,440	17,020	100.0	100.0	100.0
In bottom half of the distribution	10,605	4,945	5,660	31.7	30.1	33.3
In bottom decile	2,200	995	1,205	6.6	6.1	7.1
In second decile	1,795	835	960	5.4	5.1	5.6
In third decile	2,030	965	1,065	6.1	5.9	6.3
In fourth decile	2,200	1,025	1,175	6.6	6.2	6.9
In fifth decile	2,380	1,125	1,255	7.1	6.8	7.4
In top half of the distribution	22,850	11,495	11,355	68.3	69.9	66.7
In sixth decile	2,890	1,420	1,470	8.6	8.6	8.6
In seventh decile	3,530	1,735	1,790	10.6	10.6	10.5
In eighth decile	4,190	2,100	2,090	12.5	12.8	12.3
In ninth decile	5,370	2,740	2,630	16.1	16.7	15.5
In top decile	6,870	3,495	3,375	20.5	21.3	19.8
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	33,450	...	...	33,450	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.334	...	...	0.334	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.401	...	...	0.401	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.291	...	...	0.291	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.8	...	...	3.8	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	33,460	16,440	17,020	100.0	100.0	100.0
English only	30,165	14,980	15,185	90.2	91.1	89.2
French only	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and French	2,670	1,180	1,485	8.0	7.2	8.7
Neither English nor French	620	275	345	1.9	1.7	2.0
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	33,460	16,440	17,020	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	32,310	15,915	16,395	96.6	96.8	96.3
French	340	165	175	1.0	1.0	1.0
English and French	200	90	110	0.6	0.5	0.6
Neither English nor French	610	260	345	1.8	1.6	2.0
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	33,460	16,440	17,020	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	32,275	15,865	16,410	96.5	96.5	96.4
Official languages	22,665	11,530	11,140	67.7	70.1	65.5
English	22,335	11,370	10,970	66.8	69.2	64.5
French	325	160	165	1.0	1.0	1.0
Non-official languages	9,610	4,335	5,270	28.7	26.4	31.0
Indigenous languages³⁹	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	9,605	4,335	5,270	28.7	26.4	31.0
Afro-Asiatic languages	290	160	125	0.9	1.0	0.7
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	285	160	125	0.9	1.0	0.7
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	235	125	105	0.7	0.8	0.6
Aramaic languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	45	30	15	0.1	0.2	0.1
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	70	25	40	0.2	0.2	0.2
Khmer (Cambodian)	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	60	25	40	0.2	0.2	0.2
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	360	135	220	1.1	0.8	1.3
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Fijian	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	40	15	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	255	100	165	0.8	0.6	1.0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	15	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	4,590	2,165	2,430	13.7	13.2	14.3
Albanian	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	1,175	560	615	3.5	3.4	3.6
Baltic languages	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Latvian	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Slavic languages	1,150	545	600	3.4	3.3	3.5
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	40	20	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Czech	65	35	30	0.2	0.2	0.2
Macedonian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	260	105	155	0.8	0.6	0.9
Russian	455	215	235	1.4	1.3	1.4
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	205	110	90	0.6	0.7	0.5
Bosnian	15	10	5	0.0	0.1	0.0
Croatian	110	60	45	0.3	0.4	0.3
Serbian	75	40	40	0.2	0.2	0.2
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	60	30	25	0.2	0.2	0.1
Slovene (Slovenian)	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	55	30	30	0.2	0.2	0.2
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	460	215	245	1.4	1.3	1.4
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	265	135	135	0.8	0.8	0.8
German	260	135	125	0.8	0.8	0.7
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	10	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	135	65	70	0.4	0.4	0.4
Afrikaans	45	25	25	0.1	0.2	0.1
Dutch	80	35	45	0.2	0.2	0.3
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	60	20	35	0.2	0.1	0.2
Danish	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Icelandic	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	10	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Swedish	10	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	60	30	25	0.2	0.2	0.1
Indo-Iranian languages	1,465	705	760	4.4	4.3	4.5
Indo-Aryan languages	295	140	160	0.9	0.9	0.9
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Gujarati	85	40	50	0.3	0.2	0.3
Hindi	50	25	25	0.1	0.2	0.1
Kacchi	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	75	35	35	0.2	0.2	0.2
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	1,165	560	605	3.5	3.4	3.6
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	40	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	1,120	540	580	3.3	3.3	3.4
Dari	65	25	40	0.2	0.2	0.2
Iranian Persian	980	475	505	2.9	2.9	3.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	75	40	35	0.2	0.2	0.2
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	1,425	650	775	4.3	4.0	4.6
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	235	110	125	0.7	0.7	0.7
Portuguese	235	100	130	0.7	0.6	0.8
Romanian	285	140	140	0.9	0.9	0.8
Spanish	670	295	375	2.0	1.8	2.2
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	190	50	140	0.6	0.3	0.8
Korean	1,405	615	785	4.2	3.7	4.6
Mongolian	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	15	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	2,440	1,060	1,375	7.3	6.4	8.1
Chinese languages	2,435	1,060	1,375	7.3	6.4	8.1
Hakka	25	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Mandarin	1,495	650	840	4.5	4.0	4.9
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	70	30	40	0.2	0.2	0.2
Wu (Shanghainese)	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Yue (Cantonese)	810	350	460	2.4	2.1	2.7
Chinese, n.o.s.	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	30	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Lao	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	25	5	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	55	30	25	0.2	0.2	0.1
Azerbaijani	15	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	35	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	125	50	75	0.4	0.3	0.4
Estonian	5	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Finnish	30	10	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Hungarian	85	40	45	0.3	0.2	0.3
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	1,185	575	615	3.5	3.5	3.6
English and French	95	45	50	0.3	0.3	0.3
English and non-official language(s)	950	465	485	2.8	2.8	2.8
French and non-official language(s)	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
English, French and non-official language(s)	30	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Multiple non-official languages	90	40	45	0.3	0.2	0.3
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	33,460	16,440	17,020	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	23,690	11,920	11,775	70.8	72.5	69.2
French	60	25	35	0.2	0.2	0.2
Non-official language	2,820	1,305	1,510	8.4	7.9	8.9
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	2,820	1,305	1,510	8.4	7.9	8.9
English and French	280	135	145	0.8	0.8	0.9
English and non-official language(s)	6,235	2,895	3,340	18.6	17.6	19.6
French and non-official language(s)	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	205	75	130	0.6	0.5	0.8
Multiple non-official languages	150	75	80	0.4	0.5	0.5
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	33,460	16,440	17,020	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	32,215	15,855	16,355	96.3	96.4	96.1
Official languages	26,835	13,345	13,490	80.2	81.2	79.3
English	26,735	13,300	13,435	79.9	80.9	78.9
French	95	40	55	0.3	0.2	0.3
Non-official languages	5,380	2,515	2,865	16.1	15.3	16.8
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	5,380	2,515	2,865	16.1	15.3	16.8
Afro-Asiatic languages	160	85	75	0.5	0.5	0.4
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	160	85	75	0.5	0.5	0.4
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	140	80	65	0.4	0.5	0.4
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	15	10	10	0.0	0.1	0.1
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	30	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	130	60	65	0.4	0.4	0.4
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	90	45	45	0.3	0.3	0.3
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	2,115	1,010	1,105	6.3	6.1	6.5
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	535	265	270	1.6	1.6	1.6
Baltic languages	20	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	15	10	5	0.0	0.1	0.0
Slavic languages	520	260	265	1.6	1.6	1.6
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	20	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Czech	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	115	55	65	0.3	0.3	0.4
Russian	275	135	135	0.8	0.8	0.8
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	70	40	30	0.2	0.2	0.2
Bosnian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	25	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Serbian	40	20	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	15	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	15	10	10	0.0	0.1	0.1
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	70	35	40	0.2	0.2	0.2
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	30	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
German	30	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	40	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Afrikaans	25	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Dutch	15	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	865	410	460	2.6	2.5	2.7
Indo-Aryan languages	110	55	60	0.3	0.3	0.4
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Hindi	15	10	5	0.0	0.1	0.0
Kacchi	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	15	10	5	0.0	0.1	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	755	355	400	2.3	2.2	2.4
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	20	5	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	735	345	390	2.2	2.1	2.3
Dari	30	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Iranian Persian	655	305	350	2.0	1.9	2.1
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	50	25	20	0.1	0.2	0.1
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	625	295	335	1.9	1.8	2.0
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	35	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Portuguese	120	55	65	0.4	0.3	0.4
Romanian	115	55	60	0.3	0.3	0.4
Spanish	360	165	195	1.1	1.0	1.1
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	70	25	40	0.2	0.2	0.2
Korean	1,110	505	605	3.3	3.1	3.6
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	1,670	760	910	5.0	4.6	5.3
Chinese languages	1,665	760	905	5.0	4.6	5.3
Hakka	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	1,105	490	615	3.3	3.0	3.6
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	35	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Wu (Shanghainese)	15	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	505	240	260	1.5	1.5	1.5
Chinese, n.o.s.	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	30	20	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Azerbaijani	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	25	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	35	20	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	30	20	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	1,245	585	660	3.7	3.6	3.9
English and French	50	20	30	0.1	0.1	0.2
English and non-official language(s)	1,180	555	625	3.5	3.4	3.7
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	33,460	16,440	17,020	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	27,655	13,760	13,890	82.7	83.7	81.6
English	2,200	1,035	1,165	6.6	6.3	6.8
French	250	125	125	0.7	0.8	0.7
Non-official language	2,720	1,250	1,470	8.1	7.6	8.6
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	2,720	1,245	1,475	8.1	7.6	8.7
English and French	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
English and non-official language(s)	215	100	120	0.6	0.6	0.7
French and non-official language(s)	125	40	85	0.4	0.2	0.5
English, French and non-official language(s)	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	270	115	150	0.8	0.7	0.9
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	33,455	16,435	17,020	100.0	100.0	100.0
Official languages	32,790	16,135	16,655	98.0	98.2	97.9
English	32,780	16,130	16,650	98.0	98.1	97.8
French	2,555	1,065	1,490	7.6	6.5	8.8
Non-official languages	12,565	5,790	6,775	37.6	35.2	39.8
Indigenous languages³⁹	20	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	12,540	5,780	6,760	37.5	35.2	39.7
Afro-Asiatic languages	525	315	210	1.6	1.9	1.2
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	525	315	210	1.6	1.9	1.2
Amharic	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Arabic	375	220	155	1.1	1.3	0.9
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	120	80	50	0.4	0.5	0.3
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	20	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	70	30	45	0.2	0.2	0.3
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	70	25	45	0.2	0.2	0.3
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	590	250	340	1.8	1.5	2.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	20	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Fijian	25	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.1
Hiligaynon	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Ilocano	25	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Indonesian	90	45	50	0.3	0.3	0.3
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	30	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	435	185	250	1.3	1.1	1.5
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	20	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	15	10	10	0.0	0.1	0.1
Telugu	15	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	6,550	3,075	3,475	19.6	18.7	20.4
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	1,600	730	870	4.8	4.4	5.1
Baltic languages	55	25	30	0.2	0.2	0.2
Latvian	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Lithuanian	40	25	15	0.1	0.2	0.1
Slavic languages	1,575	715	860	4.7	4.4	5.1
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	20	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Czech	90	40	50	0.3	0.2	0.3
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	395	150	245	1.2	0.9	1.4
Russian	705	335	370	2.1	2.0	2.2
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	260	125	135	0.8	0.8	0.8
Bosnian	55	25	25	0.2	0.2	0.1
Croatian	150	65	80	0.4	0.4	0.5
Serbian	115	60	55	0.3	0.4	0.3
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	15	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Slovak	85	50	40	0.3	0.3	0.2
Slovene (Slovenian)	35	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Ukrainian	165	75	85	0.5	0.5	0.5
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Irish	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	840	385	455	2.5	2.3	2.7
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	490	240	250	1.5	1.5	1.5
German	490	240	250	1.5	1.5	1.5
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	325	130	195	1.0	0.8	1.1
Afrikaans	165	75	90	0.5	0.5	0.5
Dutch	150	60	95	0.4	0.4	0.6
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	75	35	35	0.2	0.2	0.2
Danish	25	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Icelandic	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Swedish	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	65	30	35	0.2	0.2	0.2
Indo-Iranian languages	1,970	960	1,010	5.9	5.8	5.9
Indo-Aryan languages	630	265	365	1.9	1.6	2.1
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	45	20	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Gujarati	155	70	85	0.5	0.4	0.5
Hindi	325	145	185	1.0	0.9	1.1
Kacchi	50	20	30	0.1	0.1	0.2
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	35	10	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	115	40	75	0.3	0.2	0.4
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	110	50	60	0.3	0.3	0.4
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	1,375	715	660	4.1	4.4	3.9
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	50	30	15	0.1	0.2	0.1
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	1,340	695	645	4.0	4.2	3.8
Dari	140	60	80	0.4	0.4	0.5
Iranian Persian	1,130	585	545	3.4	3.6	3.2
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	85	55	30	0.3	0.3	0.2
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	2,330	1,065	1,265	7.0	6.5	7.4
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	525	255	270	1.6	1.6	1.6
Portuguese	295	105	190	0.9	0.6	1.1
Romanian	395	205	185	1.2	1.2	1.1
Spanish	1,305	580	730	3.9	3.5	4.3
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	425	155	270	1.3	0.9	1.6
Korean	1,540	685	855	4.6	4.2	5.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	70	35	35	0.2	0.2	0.2
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	35	20	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	20	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	65	30	35	0.2	0.2	0.2
American Sign Language	65	30	35	0.2	0.2	0.2
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	2,905	1,335	1,570	8.7	8.1	9.2
Chinese languages	2,890	1,330	1,565	8.6	8.1	9.2
Hakka	45	20	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Mandarin	2,085	945	1,140	6.2	5.7	6.7
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	105	40	65	0.3	0.2	0.4
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	1,235	585	650	3.7	3.6	3.8
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	45	30	20	0.1	0.2	0.1
Lao	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Thai	35	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	140	75	70	0.4	0.5	0.4
Azerbaijani	40	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	115	60	55	0.3	0.4	0.3
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	170	85	90	0.5	0.5	0.5
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	60	15	45	0.2	0.1	0.3
Hungarian	110	70	40	0.3	0.4	0.2
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	33,455	16,435	17,020	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	1,030	525	505	3.1	3.2	3.0
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	975	490	480	2.9	3.0	2.8
First Nations (North American Indian)	480	225	255	1.4	1.4	1.5
Métis	490	265	225	1.5	1.6	1.3
Inuk (Inuit)	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	40	25	20	0.1	0.2	0.1
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	15	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Non-Indigenous identity	32,425	15,910	16,510	96.9	96.8	97.0
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	33,455	16,435	17,020	100.0	100.0	100.0
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	285	130	155	0.9	0.8	0.9
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	33,165	16,305	16,865	99.1	99.2	99.1
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	13,110	...	...	100.0	...	...
Owner	9,905	...	...	75.6	...	...
Renter	3,210	...	...	24.5	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	13,110	...	...	100.0	...	...
Condominium	5,365	...	...	40.9	...	...
Not condominium	7,740	...	...	59.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	13,110	...	...	100.0	...	...
No bedrooms	75	...	...	0.6	...	...
1 bedroom	1,335	...	...	10.2	...	...
2 bedrooms	3,950	...	...	30.1	...	...
3 bedrooms	4,335	...	...	33.1	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	3,425	...	...	26.1	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	13,110	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	4,435	...	...	33.8	...	...
5 rooms	2,145	...	...	16.4	...	...
6 rooms	1,745	...	...	13.3	...	...
7 rooms	1,355	...	...	10.3	...	...
8 or more rooms	3,425	...	...	26.1	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.0	...	...	6.0	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	13,110	...	...	100.0	...	...
One person or fewer per room	12,865	...	...	98.1	...	...
More than one person per room	240	...	...	1.8	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	13,110	...	...	100.0	...	...
Suitable	12,580	...	...	96.0	...	...
Not suitable	525	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	13,110	...	...	100.0	...	...
1960 or before	900	...	...	6.9	...	...
1961 to 1980	3,435	...	...	26.2	...	...
1981 to 1990	1,470	...	...	11.2	...	...
1991 to 2000	2,330	...	...	17.8	...	...
2001 to 2005	1,480	...	...	11.3	...	...
2006 to 2010	2,245	...	...	17.1	...	...
2011 to 2015	730	...	...	5.6	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	515	...	...	3.9	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	13,110	...	...	100.0	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	12,460	...	...	95.0	...	...
Major repairs needed	655	...	...	5.0	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	13,110	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-maintainer household	5,740	...	...	43.8	...	...
Two-maintainer household	6,685	...	...	51.0	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	685	...	...	5.2	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	13,110	...	...	100.0	...	...
15 to 24 years	125	...	...	1.0	...	...
25 to 34 years	1,565	...	...	11.9	...	...
35 to 44 years	2,625	...	...	20.0	...	...
45 to 54 years	3,080	...	...	23.5	...	...
55 to 64 years	2,830	...	...	21.6	...	...
65 to 74 years	1,760	...	...	13.4	...	...
75 to 84 years	875	...	...	6.7	...	...
85 years and over	240	...	...	1.8	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	13,080	...	...	100.0	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	10,215	...	...	78.1	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	2,865	...	...	21.9	...	...
30% to less than 100%	2,515	...	...	19.2	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	13,110	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	3,695	...	...	28.2	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	2,545	...	...	19.4	...	...
Not suitable only	370	...	...	2.8	...	...
Major repairs needed only	440	...	...	3.4	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	130	...	...	1.0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	185	...	...	1.4	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	30	...	...	0.2	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Acceptable housing	9,415	...	...	71.8	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	12,730	...	...	100.0	...	...
In core need	1,375	...	...	10.8	...	...
Not in core need	11,355	...	...	89.2	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	9,900	...	...	...	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	63.4	...	...	63.4	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	19.4	...	...	19.4	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	8.1	...	...	8.1	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,840	...	...	1,840	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	2,000	...	...	2,000	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	1,000,000	...	...	1,000,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	1,111,000	...	...	1,111,000	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	3,205	...	...	...	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	9.4	...	...	9.4	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	29.8	...	...	29.8	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	19.4	...	...	19.4	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,700	...	...	1,700	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,720	...	...	1,720	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	...	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	33,455	16,440	17,015	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	170	85	85	0.5	0.5	0.5
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	160	75	80	0.5	0.5	0.5
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	115	50	65	0.3	0.3	0.4
Métis single ancestry	40	25	15	0.1	0.2	0.1
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	15	10	10	0.0	0.1	0.1
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	15	10	10	0.0	0.1	0.1
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	940	435	505	2.8	2.6	3.0
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	880	410	475	2.6	2.5	2.8
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	500	235	270	1.5	1.4	1.6
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	375	175	205	1.1	1.1	1.2
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	60	25	35	0.2	0.2	0.2
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	40	15	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	32,340	15,920	16,425	96.7	96.8	96.5
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	33,450	16,440	17,015	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	30,275	15,005	15,270	90.5	91.3	89.7
Canadian citizens aged under 18	6,220	3,265	2,960	18.6	19.9	17.4
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	24,055	11,735	12,315	71.9	71.4	72.4
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	3,180	1,435	1,750	9.5	8.7	10.3
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	33,450	16,440	17,015	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	21,790	11,035	10,760	65.1	67.1	63.2
Immigrants⁸¹	11,105	5,150	5,960	33.2	31.3	35.0
Before 1980	1,775	810	965	5.3	4.9	5.7
1980 to 1990	1,150	530	620	3.4	3.2	3.6
1991 to 2000	2,445	1,130	1,315	7.3	6.9	7.7
2001 to 2010	3,135	1,460	1,675	9.4	8.9	9.8
2011 to 2021⁸²	2,605	1,215	1,390	7.8	7.4	8.2
2011 to 2015	1,415	670	745	4.2	4.1	4.4
2016 to 2021	1,185	540	645	3.5	3.3	3.8
Non-permanent residents⁸³	560	260	300	1.7	1.6	1.8
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	11,105	5,145	5,960	100.0	100.0	100.0
Under 5 years	1,075	515	565	9.7	10.0	9.5
5 to 14 years	1,980	1,010	970	17.8	19.6	16.3
15 to 24 years	1,535	720	810	13.8	14.0	13.6
25 to 44 years	5,485	2,410	3,075	49.4	46.8	51.6
45 years and over	1,030	490	540	9.3	9.5	9.1
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	11,105	5,145	5,960	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	1,245	540	705	11.2	10.5	11.8
Brazil	120	30	85	1.1	0.6	1.4
Colombia	30	15	15	0.3	0.3	0.3
El Salvador	40	20	20	0.4	0.4	0.3
Guyana	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.3
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	40	10	25	0.4	0.2	0.4
Mexico	200	70	125	1.8	1.4	2.1
Peru	55	20	40	0.5	0.4	0.7
Trinidad and Tobago	20	15	10	0.2	0.3	0.2
United States of America	530	260	265	4.8	5.1	4.4
Other places of birth in Americas	205	95	110	1.8	1.8	1.8
Europe	3,135	1,535	1,605	28.2	29.8	26.9
Bosnia and Herzegovina	65	30	35	0.6	0.6	0.6
Croatia	60	25	35	0.5	0.5	0.6
France	75	20	50	0.7	0.4	0.8
Germany	160	90	70	1.4	1.7	1.2
Greece	25	0	20	0.2	0.0	0.3
Hungary	55	30	25	0.5	0.6	0.4
Italy	125	65	60	1.1	1.3	1.0
Netherlands	80	35	40	0.7	0.7	0.7
Poland	275	95	175	2.5	1.8	2.9
Portugal	35	25	10	0.3	0.5	0.2
Romania	290	150	145	2.6	2.9	2.4
Russian Federation	285	135	150	2.6	2.6	2.5
Serbia⁸⁶	40	25	15	0.4	0.5	0.3
Ukraine	160	80	80	1.4	1.6	1.3
United Kingdom⁸⁷	935	475	465	8.4	9.2	7.8
Other places of birth in Europe	465	225	240	4.2	4.4	4.0
Africa	540	250	285	4.9	4.9	4.8
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Egypt	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Eritrea	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Ethiopia	15	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	250	105	145	2.3	2.0	2.4
Other places of birth in Africa	235	115	115	2.1	2.2	1.9
Asia	5,950	2,710	3,235	53.6	52.7	54.3
Afghanistan	110	40	65	1.0	0.8	1.1
Iran⁸⁸	990	515	475	8.9	10.0	8.0
Iraq	105	55	45	0.9	1.1	0.8
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	30	15	20	0.3	0.3	0.3
Turkey	50	20	30	0.5	0.4	0.5
China⁹⁰	1,145	515	635	10.3	10.0	10.7
Hong Kong⁹¹	515	245	270	4.6	4.8	4.5
Korea, South⁹²	1,160	505	655	10.4	9.8	11.0
Taiwan	235	110	125	2.1	2.1	2.1
Philippines	430	185	245	3.9	3.6	4.1
Viet Nam	80	25	50	0.7	0.5	0.8
Bangladesh	25	15	15	0.2	0.3	0.3
India	235	95	140	2.1	1.8	2.3
Pakistan	60	35	25	0.5	0.7	0.4
Sri Lanka	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Other places of birth in Asia	760	335	430	6.8	6.5	7.2
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	235	115	120	2.1	2.2	2.0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	1,185	540	645	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	170	90	80	14.3	16.7	12.4
Brazil	35	10	25	3.0	1.9	3.9
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	15	15	0	1.3	2.8	0.0
United States of America	80	40	35	6.8	7.4	5.4
Venezuela⁹⁵	15	10	0	1.3	1.9	0.0
Other places of birth in Americas	20	15	0	1.7	2.8	0.0
Europe	240	110	125	20.3	20.4	19.4
France	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	20	15	0	1.7	2.8	0.0
Italy	15	0	10	1.3	0.0	1.6
Russian Federation	20	10	10	1.7	1.9	1.6
Ukraine	45	20	20	3.8	3.7	3.1
United Kingdom⁸⁷	90	40	55	7.6	7.4	8.5
Other places of birth in Europe	40	15	25	3.4	2.8	3.9
Africa	75	30	50	6.3	5.6	7.8
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	50	15	35	4.2	2.8	5.4
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asia	655	295	365	55.3	54.6	56.6
Afghanistan	10	10	0	0.8	1.9	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	140	65	75	11.8	12.0	11.6
Hong Kong⁹¹	10	10	0	0.8	1.9	0.0
India	70	25	50	5.9	4.6	7.8
Iran⁸⁸	115	70	50	9.7	13.0	7.8
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	10	0	10	0.8	0.0	1.6
Jordan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	130	50	80	11.0	9.3	12.4
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	60	20	40	5.1	3.7	6.2
Saudi Arabia	15	0	10	1.3	0.0	1.6
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	25	10	20	2.1	1.9	3.1
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	10	0	10	0.8	0.0	1.6
Other places of birth in Asia	40	20	20	3.4	3.7	3.1
Oceania and other⁹³	45	20	20	3.8	3.7	3.1
Australia	25	20	10	2.1	3.7	1.6
Other places of birth⁹⁸	15	0	15	1.3	0.0	2.3
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	33,455	16,435	17,020	100.0	100.0	100.0
First generation¹⁰⁰	12,070	5,600	6,470	36.1	34.1	38.0
Second generation¹⁰¹	8,340	4,300	4,040	24.9	26.2	23.7
Third generation or more¹⁰²	13,040	6,530	6,510	39.0	39.7	38.2
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	9,330	4,335	4,995	100.0	100.0	100.0
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	6,055	3,050	3,010	64.9	70.4	60.3
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	2,260	1,425	835	24.2	32.9	16.7
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	3,800	1,620	2,175	40.7	37.4	43.5
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	2,210	775	1,440	23.7	17.9	28.8
Refugees¹⁰⁸	995	485	505	10.7	11.2	10.1
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	65	25	40	0.7	0.6	0.8
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	9,330	4,335	4,995	100.0	100.0	100.0
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	250	160	95	2.7	3.7	1.9
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	1,125	485	640	12.1	11.2	12.8
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	530	260	270	5.7	6.0	5.4
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	505	230	275	5.4	5.3	5.5
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	30	0	30	0.3	0.0	0.6
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	6,895	3,205	3,685	73.9	73.9	73.8
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	33,455	16,435	17,020	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	10,930	5,165	5,760	32.7	31.4	33.8
South Asian	1,005	460	550	3.0	2.8	3.2
Chinese	3,675	1,725	1,945	11.0	10.5	11.4
Black	395	205	185	1.2	1.2	1.1
Filipino	675	330	350	2.0	2.0	2.1
Arab	285	170	110	0.9	1.0	0.6
Latin American	580	230	350	1.7	1.4	2.1
Southeast Asian	280	140	140	0.8	0.9	0.8
West Asian	1,300	695	605	3.9	4.2	3.6
Korean	1,625	730	890	4.9	4.4	5.2
Japanese	465	175	290	1.4	1.1	1.7
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	140	50	95	0.4	0.3	0.6
Multiple visible minorities	515	260	250	1.5	1.6	1.5
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	22,525	11,270	11,250	67.3	68.6	66.1
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	33,455	16,435	17,015	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian	3,130	1,655	1,475	9.4	10.1	8.7
English	7,515	3,785	3,735	22.5	23.0	22.0
Irish	4,185	2,050	2,140	12.5	12.5	12.6
Scottish	5,465	2,565	2,900	16.3	15.6	17.0
French, n.o.s.¹²²	1,995	955	1,035	6.0	5.8	6.1
German	3,245	1,650	1,600	9.7	10.0	9.4
Chinese	3,515	1,640	1,880	10.5	10.0	11.0
Italian	2,115	1,115	1,000	6.3	6.8	5.9
Indian (India)	695	345	355	2.1	2.1	2.1
Ukrainian	1,530	705	830	4.6	4.3	4.9
Dutch	1,095	555	535	3.3	3.4	3.1
Polish	1,245	575	670	3.7	3.5	3.9
Québécois	35	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	1,365	680	685	4.1	4.1	4.0
Filipino	710	335	370	2.1	2.0	2.2
French Canadian	285	145	135	0.9	0.9	0.8
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	625	335	295	1.9	2.0	1.7
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	335	155	175	1.0	0.9	1.0
Métis	475	225	250	1.4	1.4	1.5
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	550	265	280	1.6	1.6	1.6
Russian	1,050	520	535	3.1	3.2	3.1
Norwegian	835	425	410	2.5	2.6	2.4
Welsh	735	350	390	2.2	2.1	2.3
Portuguese	285	125	155	0.9	0.8	0.9
American	555	260	290	1.7	1.6	1.7
Spanish	660	325	335	2.0	2.0	2.0
Swedish	615	320	290	1.8	1.9	1.7
Hungarian	410	210	200	1.2	1.3	1.2
Acadian	55	40	15	0.2	0.2	0.1
Pakistani	85	45	40	0.3	0.3	0.2
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	100	65	40	0.3	0.4	0.2
Jewish	315	175	145	0.9	1.1	0.9
Punjabi	70	25	40	0.2	0.2	0.2
Vietnamese	210	85	125	0.6	0.5	0.7
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	140	85	55	0.4	0.5	0.3
Greek	155	95	65	0.5	0.6	0.4
Jamaican	35	25	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	310	135	175	0.9	0.8	1.0
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	105	60	50	0.3	0.4	0.3
Korean	1,510	675	835	4.5	4.1	4.9
Romanian	540	285	250	1.6	1.7	1.5
Lebanese	45	20	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Iranian	1,025	540	480	3.1	3.3	2.8
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	115	65	50	0.3	0.4	0.3
Danish	370	145	220	1.1	0.9	1.3
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	60	30	35	0.2	0.2	0.2
Sikh	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Austrian	295	160	135	0.9	1.0	0.8
Belgian	165	70	90	0.5	0.4	0.5
Haitian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindu	105	50	55	0.3	0.3	0.3
Mexican	350	155	200	1.0	0.9	1.2
Mennonite	55	25	30	0.2	0.2	0.2
Swiss	75	25	55	0.2	0.2	0.3
Finnish	325	160	170	1.0	1.0	1.0
Sri Lankan	60	30	25	0.2	0.2	0.1
Croatian	320	160	160	1.0	1.0	0.9
Japanese	560	220	340	1.7	1.3	2.0
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	65	30	30	0.2	0.2	0.2
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	255	120	135	0.8	0.7	0.8
Muslim	95	35	60	0.3	0.2	0.4
Egyptian	60	30	30	0.2	0.2	0.2
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	115	45	70	0.3	0.3	0.4
Tamil	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Icelandic	220	115	110	0.7	0.7	0.6
Colombian	40	25	20	0.1	0.2	0.1
Moroccan	40	25	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Czech	190	105	90	0.6	0.6	0.5
Syrian	50	25	25	0.1	0.2	0.1
Guyanese	30	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Afghan	150	70	75	0.4	0.4	0.4
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	35	30	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Serbian	140	65	75	0.4	0.4	0.4
Ojibway	35	20	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Newfoundlander	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Hong Konger	215	100	115	0.6	0.6	0.7
Ontarian	25	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Persian	350	165	185	1.0	1.0	1.1
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	45	35	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Turkish	100	45	55	0.3	0.3	0.3
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Bangladeshi	35	10	30	0.1	0.1	0.2
Algerian	30	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Brazilian	110	30	80	0.3	0.2	0.5
Nigerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	35	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Slovak	140	70	65	0.4	0.4	0.4
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	130	50	80	0.4	0.3	0.5
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwanese	235	130	100	0.7	0.8	0.6
Iraqi	35	20	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Salvadorean	25	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
African Caribbean	30	0	25	0.1	0.0	0.1
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	100	45	55	0.3	0.3	0.3
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	105	60	45	0.3	0.4	0.3
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Algonquin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	65	30	35	0.2	0.2	0.2
South African	255	130	125	0.8	0.8	0.7
Australian	205	115	90	0.6	0.7	0.5
Palestinian	25	20	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Chilean	35	10	30	0.1	0.1	0.2
Congolese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nova Scotian	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Ethiopian	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	85	30	50	0.3	0.2	0.3
Peruvian	60	30	30	0.2	0.2	0.2
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	25	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovenian	55	25	30	0.2	0.2	0.2
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	95	45	50	0.3	0.3	0.3
New Brunswicker	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Gujarati	40	10	30	0.1	0.1	0.2
Eritrean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Canadian	15	15	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Israeli	105	70	40	0.3	0.4	0.2
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	75	50	30	0.2	0.3	0.2
Bulgarian	35	20	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Albertan	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Barbadian	45	20	30	0.1	0.1	0.2
African American	20	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	35	10	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Tunisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	85	25	55	0.3	0.2	0.3
Cuban	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Bosnian	100	55	45	0.3	0.3	0.3
Venezuelan	35	20	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guatemalan	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Indonesian	80	35	45	0.2	0.2	0.3
Laotian	15	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Irish	40	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	70	40	30	0.2	0.2	0.2
British Columbian	135	60	75	0.4	0.4	0.4
Ecuadorian	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Argentinian	75	30	40	0.2	0.2	0.2
Estonian	55	15	45	0.2	0.1	0.3
Kurdish	60	40	25	0.2	0.2	0.1
Fijian	40	15	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Jatt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	55	20	35	0.2	0.1	0.2
Dominican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Byelorussian	65	35	30	0.2	0.2	0.2
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Abenaki	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldovan	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Zealander	140	85	55	0.4	0.5	0.3
Sudanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Breton	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malaysian	95	55	35	0.3	0.3	0.2
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Huron (Wendat)	20	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Saskatchewanian	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Buddhist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gaspesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norman	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	40	15	30	0.1	0.1	0.2
Ivorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mauritian	35	10	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Kenyan	25	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vincentian	20	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Jordanian	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Manitoban	20	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Honduran	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cherokee	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Flemish	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Sicilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	60	35	30	0.2	0.2	0.2
Goan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Zimbabwean	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	15	10	10	0.0	0.1	0.1
Mongolian	40	10	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Azorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamileke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tanzanian	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Yemeni	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Libyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Basque	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igorot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guinean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
St. Lucian	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maliseet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Beninese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Roma	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Singaporean	50	15	30	0.1	0.1	0.2
Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tajik	40	15	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Amhara	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	33,455	16,435	17,020	100.0	100.0	100.0
Buddhist	385	150	235	1.2	0.9	1.4
Christian	11,570	5,350	6,220	34.6	32.6	36.5
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	2,585	1,155	1,440	7.7	7.0	8.5
Anabaptist	50	25	20	0.1	0.2	0.1
Anglican	785	365	415	2.3	2.2	2.4
Baptist	225	105	120	0.7	0.6	0.7
Catholic	4,810	2,305	2,505	14.4	14.0	14.7
Christian Orthodox	575	315	260	1.7	1.9	1.5
Jehovah's Witness	70	30	40	0.2	0.2	0.2
Latter Day Saints	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lutheran	300	120	175	0.9	0.7	1.0
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	50	25	25	0.1	0.2	0.1
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	235	90	150	0.7	0.5	0.9
Presbyterian	325	180	150	1.0	1.1	0.9
Reformed	45	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
United Church	875	335	540	2.6	2.0	3.2
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	630	270	360	1.9	1.6	2.1
Hindu	300	130	175	0.9	0.8	1.0
Jewish	215	110	105	0.6	0.7	0.6
Muslim	1,310	635	670	3.9	3.9	3.9
Sikh	80	35	40	0.2	0.2	0.2
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Other religions and spiritual traditions	420	190	230	1.3	1.2	1.4
No religion and secular perspectives	19,160	9,830	9,330	57.3	59.8	54.8
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	33,200	16,275	16,925	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	29,115	14,250	14,865	87.7	87.6	87.8
Movers	4,090	2,030	2,060	12.3	12.5	12.2
Non-migrants	1,520	785	735	4.6	4.8	4.3
Migrants	2,565	1,240	1,325	7.7	7.6	7.8
Internal migrants	2,255	1,090	1,170	6.8	6.7	6.9
Intraprovincial migrants	2,060	1,000	1,060	6.2	6.1	6.3
Interprovincial migrants	195	90	105	0.6	0.6	0.6
External migrants	310	150	155	0.9	0.9	0.9
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	31,910	15,560	16,350	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	20,060	9,760	10,300	62.9	62.7	63.0
Movers	11,855	5,805	6,050	37.2	37.3	37.0
Non-migrants	2,695	1,360	1,330	8.4	8.7	8.1
Migrants	9,160	4,445	4,720	28.7	28.6	28.9
Internal migrants	7,795	3,790	4,005	24.4	24.4	24.5
Intraprovincial migrants	6,855	3,330	3,525	21.5	21.4	21.6
Interprovincial migrants	940	460	475	2.9	3.0	2.9
External migrants	1,365	650	715	4.3	4.2	4.4
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	27,940	13,540	14,400	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	2,620	1,460	1,160	9.4	10.8	8.1
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	25,315	12,080	13,235	90.6	89.2	91.9
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	19,385	9,300	10,085	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	775	505	270	4.0	5.4	2.7
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	18,615	8,800	9,815	96.0	94.6	97.3
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	27,940	13,540	14,400	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	2,315	1,240	1,075	8.3	9.2	7.5
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	6,720	3,300	3,420	24.1	24.4	23.8
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	18,900	8,995	9,905	67.6	66.4	68.8
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	7,805	3,920	3,885	27.9	29.0	27.0
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	1,785	1,305	485	6.4	9.6	3.4
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	695	355	345	2.5	2.6	2.4
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	1,090	955	135	3.9	7.1	0.9
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	4,940	2,165	2,770	17.7	16.0	19.2
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,080	455	630	3.9	3.4	4.4
Bachelor's degree or higher	11,095	5,075	6,020	39.7	37.5	41.8
Bachelor's degree	7,040	3,195	3,845	25.2	23.6	26.7
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	760	325	435	2.7	2.4	3.0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	280	125	160	1.0	0.9	1.1
Master's degree	2,570	1,195	1,380	9.2	8.8	9.6
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	440	240	200	1.6	1.8	1.4
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	19,385	9,305	10,080	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	575	365	210	3.0	3.9	2.1
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	3,495	1,780	1,710	18.0	19.1	17.0
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	15,315	7,155	8,160	79.0	76.9	81.0
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	5,925	2,965	2,955	30.6	31.9	29.3
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	1,315	945	365	6.8	10.2	3.6
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	540	275	265	2.8	3.0	2.6
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	775	675	100	4.0	7.3	1.0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	3,770	1,685	2,080	19.4	18.1	20.6
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	845	335	505	4.4	3.6	5.0
Bachelor's degree or higher	9,390	4,190	5,200	48.4	45.0	51.6
Bachelor's degree	5,940	2,630	3,315	30.6	28.3	32.9
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	660	280	385	3.4	3.0	3.8
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	230	100	130	1.2	1.1	1.3
Master's degree	2,215	1,010	1,205	11.4	10.9	12.0
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	350	180	165	1.8	1.9	1.6
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	27,935	13,540	14,400	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	9,035	4,540	4,495	32.3	33.5	31.2
Education	1,210	320	890	4.3	2.4	6.2
13. Education	1,210	320	890	4.3	2.4	6.2
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	985	440	540	3.5	3.2	3.8
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	135	85	55	0.5	0.6	0.4
50. Visual and performing arts	850	365	490	3.0	2.7	3.4
Humanities	1,015	295	720	3.6	2.2	5.0
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	205	30	170	0.7	0.2	1.2
23. English language and literature/letters	235	55	180	0.8	0.4	1.3
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	265	80	185	0.9	0.6	1.3
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	20	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
38. Philosophy and religious studies	30	20	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
39. Theology and religious vocations	65	35	30	0.2	0.3	0.2
54. History	160	65	100	0.6	0.5	0.7
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	35	0	25	0.1	0.0	0.2
Social and behavioural sciences and law	2,940	1,050	1,890	10.5	7.8	13.1
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	30	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	415	125	290	1.5	0.9	2.0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	240	20	215	0.9	0.1	1.5
22. Legal professions and studies	375	135	245	1.3	1.0	1.7
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	65	40	25	0.2	0.3	0.2
42. Psychology	645	135	510	2.3	1.0	3.5
45. Social sciences	1,165	585	580	4.2	4.3	4.0
Business, management and public administration	3,970	1,710	2,255	14.2	12.6	15.7
30.16 Accounting and computer science	15	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	160	35	130	0.6	0.3	0.9
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	3,790	1,665	2,125	13.6	12.3	14.8
Physical and life sciences and technologies	950	500	455	3.4	3.7	3.2
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	450	220	235	1.6	1.6	1.6
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	160	65	95	0.6	0.5	0.7
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
40. Physical sciences	295	195	95	1.1	1.4	0.7
41. Science technologies/technicians	35	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	990	700	285	3.5	5.2	2.0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	845	630	220	3.0	4.7	1.5
25. Library science	45	20	30	0.2	0.1	0.2
27. Mathematics and statistics	80	45	40	0.3	0.3	0.3
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	3,420	2,970	455	12.2	21.9	3.2
04. Architecture and related services	150	95	55	0.5	0.7	0.4
14. Engineering	1,375	1,125	250	4.9	8.3	1.7
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	690	570	115	2.5	4.2	0.8
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	650	630	20	2.3	4.7	0.1
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	320	315	0	1.1	2.3	0.0
48. Precision production	240	230	10	0.9	1.7	0.1
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	345	185	160	1.2	1.4	1.1
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	190	100	90	0.7	0.7	0.6
03. Natural resources and conservation	150	85	70	0.5	0.6	0.5
Health and related fields	2,380	485	1,895	8.5	3.6	13.2
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	230	125	100	0.8	0.9	0.7
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	2,065	320	1,740	7.4	2.4	12.1
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	85	35	50	0.3	0.3	0.3
Personal, protective and transportation services	690	340	350	2.5	2.5	2.4
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	435	130	310	1.6	1.0	2.2
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	135	100	35	0.5	0.7	0.2
49. Transportation and materials moving	115	110	10	0.4	0.8	0.1
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	19,385	9,300	10,085	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	4,070	2,140	1,925	21.0	23.0	19.1
Education	880	220	660	4.5	2.4	6.5
13. Education	880	220	660	4.5	2.4	6.5
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	845	365	485	4.4	3.9	4.8
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	110	70	40	0.6	0.8	0.4
50. Visual and performing arts	735	295	440	3.8	3.2	4.4
Humanities	810	230	580	4.2	2.5	5.8
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	165	20	145	0.9	0.2	1.4
23. English language and literature/letters	185	45	140	1.0	0.5	1.4
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	225	70	155	1.2	0.8	1.5
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	20	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
38. Philosophy and religious studies	30	15	15	0.2	0.2	0.1
39. Theology and religious vocations	45	25	20	0.2	0.3	0.2
54. History	115	45	70	0.6	0.5	0.7
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	25	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.2
Social and behavioural sciences and law	2,510	880	1,630	12.9	9.5	16.2
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	355	105	255	1.8	1.1	2.5
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	205	15	190	1.1	0.2	1.9
22. Legal professions and studies	345	110	235	1.8	1.2	2.3
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	60	40	15	0.3	0.4	0.1
42. Psychology	540	105	435	2.8	1.1	4.3
45. Social sciences	985	495	485	5.1	5.3	4.8
Business, management and public administration	3,240	1,340	1,900	16.7	14.4	18.8
30.16 Accounting and computer science	15	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	135	25	110	0.7	0.3	1.1
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	3,095	1,305	1,790	16.0	14.0	17.7
Physical and life sciences and technologies	760	405	355	3.9	4.4	3.5
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	350	165	185	1.8	1.8	1.8
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	135	60	75	0.7	0.6	0.7
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
40. Physical sciences	230	165	65	1.2	1.8	0.6
41. Science technologies/technicians	30	15	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	855	605	250	4.4	6.5	2.5
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	745	560	185	3.8	6.0	1.8
25. Library science	30	10	20	0.2	0.1	0.2
27. Mathematics and statistics	70	30	40	0.4	0.3	0.4
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	2,695	2,290	405	13.9	24.6	4.0
04. Architecture and related services	135	80	55	0.7	0.9	0.5
14. Engineering	1,135	905	230	5.9	9.7	2.3
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	515	420	95	2.7	4.5	0.9
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	475	455	15	2.5	4.9	0.1
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	265	260	0	1.4	2.8	0.0
48. Precision production	175	170	0	0.9	1.8	0.0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	285	140	145	1.5	1.5	1.4
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	155	75	80	0.8	0.8	0.8
03. Natural resources and conservation	125	60	65	0.6	0.6	0.6
Health and related fields	1,870	415	1,455	9.6	4.5	14.4
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	175	105	70	0.9	1.1	0.7
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	1,620	280	1,335	8.4	3.0	13.2
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	70	25	45	0.4	0.3	0.4
Personal, protective and transportation services	570	270	300	2.9	2.9	3.0
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	355	95	265	1.8	1.0	2.6
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	115	80	30	0.6	0.9	0.3
49. Transportation and materials moving	100	90	0	0.5	1.0	0.0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	19,385	9,300	10,085	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	4,070	2,140	1,925	21.0	23.0	19.1
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	15,315	7,160	8,160	79.0	77.0	80.9
Location of study inside Canada	10,950	5,250	5,695	56.5	56.5	56.5
Same as province or territory of residence	8,810	4,195	4,620	45.4	45.1	45.8
Different than province or territory of residence	2,140	1,055	1,080	11.0	11.3	10.7
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	4,365	1,905	2,460	22.5	20.5	24.4
Americas	870	380	490	4.5	4.1	4.9
United States of America	570	285	290	2.9	3.1	2.9
Mexico	90	25	65	0.5	0.3	0.6
Cuba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazil	90	15	75	0.5	0.2	0.7
Colombia	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Peru	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Venezuela⁹⁵	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Other locations of study in Americas	75	25	40	0.4	0.3	0.4
Europe	1,255	590	660	6.5	6.3	6.5
Belgium	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	35	0	30	0.2	0.0	0.3
Germany	45	15	30	0.2	0.2	0.3
Netherlands	30	15	15	0.2	0.2	0.1
Switzerland	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Hungary	20	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Moldova¹⁸³	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Poland	70	35	40	0.4	0.4	0.4
Romania	155	75	80	0.8	0.8	0.8
Russian Federation	100	40	60	0.5	0.4	0.6
Ukraine	90	35	55	0.5	0.4	0.5
Ireland⁹⁶	35	25	15	0.2	0.3	0.1
United Kingdom⁸⁷	425	235	190	2.2	2.5	1.9
Bosnia and Herzegovina	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Italy	35	10	20	0.2	0.1	0.2
Serbia⁸⁶	40	15	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
Other locations of study in Europe	125	50	80	0.6	0.5	0.8
Africa	135	70	65	0.7	0.8	0.6
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	110	55	55	0.6	0.6	0.5
Other locations of study in Africa	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Asia	1,920	795	1,125	9.9	8.5	11.2
Iran⁸⁸	300	145	160	1.5	1.6	1.6
Iraq	30	15	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Israel	40	20	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Turkey	30	20	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
China⁹⁰	455	185	270	2.3	2.0	2.7
Taiwan	55	15	40	0.3	0.2	0.4
Hong Kong⁹¹	55	25	35	0.3	0.3	0.3
Japan	80	15	55	0.4	0.2	0.5
Korea, South⁹²	495	195	300	2.6	2.1	3.0
Philippines	140	50	90	0.7	0.5	0.9
Viet Nam	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	80	35	45	0.4	0.4	0.4
Pakistan	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Other locations of study in Asia	125	50	75	0.6	0.5	0.7
Oceania	190	75	115	1.0	0.8	1.1
Australia	145	65	80	0.7	0.7	0.8
New Zealand	40	10	35	0.2	0.1	0.3
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	27,940	13,540	14,400	...	...	...
In the labour force	19,330	9,850	9,475	...	...	...
Employed	17,950	9,170	8,780	...	...	...
Unemployed	1,380	690	695	...	...	...
Not in the labour force	8,610	3,690	4,920	...	...	...
Participation rate	69.2	72.7	65.8	69.2	72.7	65.8
Employment rate	64.2	67.7	61.0	64.2	67.7	61.0
Unemployment rate	7.1	7.0	7.3	7.1	7.0	7.3
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	27,935	13,540	14,400	100.0	100.0	100.0
Did not work¹⁸⁶	8,830	3,685	5,150	31.6	27.2	35.8
Worked	19,105	9,855	9,250	68.4	72.8	64.2
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	11,115	6,245	4,870	39.8	46.1	33.8
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	7,990	3,610	4,380	28.6	26.7	30.4
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.5	43.4	41.6	42.5	43.4	41.6
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	19,325	9,855	9,475	100.0	100.0	100.0
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	390	180	205	2.0	1.8	2.2
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	18,935	9,665	9,265	98.0	98.1	97.8
Employee	15,800	7,840	7,955	81.8	79.6	84.0
Permanent position	13,455	6,790	6,670	69.6	68.9	70.4
Temporary position	2,345	1,060	1,285	12.1	10.8	13.6
Fixed term (1 year or more)	735	335	400	3.8	3.4	4.2
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	1,610	720	890	8.3	7.3	9.4
Self-employed¹⁹²	3,140	1,830	1,315	16.2	18.6	13.9
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	19,325	9,855	9,475	100.0	100.0	100.0
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	390	180	205	2.0	1.8	2.2
All occupations¹⁹¹	18,935	9,665	9,265	98.0	98.1	97.8
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	375	265	110	1.9	2.7	1.2
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	4,015	1,280	2,730	20.8	13.0	28.8
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	2,295	1,760	535	11.9	17.9	5.6
3 Health occupations	1,285	255	1,030	6.6	2.6	10.9
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	2,605	925	1,675	13.5	9.4	17.7
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	1,170	605	565	6.1	6.1	6.0
6 Sales and service occupations	4,120	1,880	2,245	21.3	19.1	23.7
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	2,490	2,255	235	12.9	22.9	2.5
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	145	105	40	0.8	1.1	0.4
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	435	330	100	2.3	3.3	1.1
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	19,325	9,855	9,475	100.0	100.0	100.0
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	390	180	205	2.0	1.8	2.2
All industries¹⁹¹	18,935	9,665	9,265	98.0	98.1	97.8
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	60	30	25	0.3	0.3	0.3
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	85	70	15	0.4	0.7	0.2
22 Utilities	190	115	75	1.0	1.2	0.8
23 Construction	1,470	1,245	220	7.6	12.6	2.3
31-33 Manufacturing	980	650	330	5.1	6.6	3.5
41 Wholesale trade	745	520	220	3.9	5.3	2.3
44-45 Retail trade	1,895	925	970	9.8	9.4	10.2
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	735	500	230	3.8	5.1	2.4
51 Information and cultural industries	965	640	325	5.0	6.5	3.4
52 Finance and insurance	940	460	480	4.9	4.7	5.1
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	510	270	240	2.6	2.7	2.5
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	2,555	1,485	1,070	13.2	15.1	11.3
55 Management of companies and enterprises	90	45	45	0.5	0.5	0.5
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	605	335	270	3.1	3.4	2.8
61 Educational services	1,690	525	1,170	8.7	5.3	12.3
62 Health care and social assistance	2,180	450	1,730	11.3	4.6	18.3
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	540	285	260	2.8	2.9	2.7
72 Accommodation and food services	810	300	510	4.2	3.0	5.4
81 Other services (except public administration)	710	230	480	3.7	2.3	5.1
91 Public administration	1,180	580	600	6.1	5.9	6.3
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	20,430	10,440	9,995	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	19,145	9,890	9,255	93.7	94.7	92.6
French	30	0	25	0.1	0.0	0.3
Non-official language	205	120	85	1.0	1.1	0.9
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	205	120	85	1.0	1.1	0.9
English and French	155	35	120	0.8	0.3	1.2
English and non-official language(s)	850	365	485	4.2	3.5	4.9
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	25	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.2
Multiple non-official languages	20	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	20,430	10,440	9,995	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	20,225	10,355	9,870	99.0	99.2	98.7
Official languages	19,835	10,160	9,675	97.1	97.3	96.8
English	19,765	10,145	9,625	96.7	97.2	96.3
French	70	20	55	0.3	0.2	0.6
Non-official languages	390	190	200	1.9	1.8	2.0
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	390	190	200	1.9	1.8	2.0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	65	35	30	0.3	0.3	0.3
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	20	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	20	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	20	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	30	25	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	25	20	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	20	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	20	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.2
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Korean	145	90	60	0.7	0.9	0.6
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	140	55	80	0.7	0.5	0.8
Chinese languages	140	55	80	0.7	0.5	0.8
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	105	35	65	0.5	0.3	0.7
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	40	20	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	205	85	125	1.0	0.8	1.3
English and French	25	0	25	0.1	0.0	0.3
English and non-official language(s)	185	85	100	0.9	0.8	1.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	20,430	10,440	9,995	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	19,560	10,085	9,480	95.7	96.6	94.8
English	190	70	125	0.9	0.7	1.3
French	100	25	80	0.5	0.2	0.8
Non-official language	455	220	235	2.2	2.1	2.4
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	455	220	235	2.2	2.1	2.4
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
French and non-official language(s)	20	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	85	30	55	0.4	0.3	0.6
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	17,950	9,170	8,780	100.0	100.0	100.0
Worked at home	6,070	2,910	3,160	33.8	31.7	36.0
Worked outside Canada	75	60	15	0.4	0.7	0.2
No fixed workplace address	2,115	1,565	555	11.8	17.1	6.3
Usual place of work	9,680	4,630	5,055	53.9	50.5	57.6
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	9,680	4,630	5,050	100.0	100.0	100.0
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	1,805	665	1,135	18.6	14.4	22.5
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	7,730	3,870	3,860	79.9	83.6	76.4
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	120	85	35	1.2	1.8	0.7
Commute to a different province or territory	30	10	20	0.3	0.2	0.4
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	11,800	6,190	5,605	100.0	100.0	100.0
Car, truck or van	9,500	5,170	4,330	80.5	83.5	77.3
Car, truck or van - as a driver	8,860	4,965	3,895	75.1	80.2	69.5
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	645	210	440	5.5	3.4	7.9
Public transit	1,455	650	810	12.3	10.5	14.5
Walked	430	140	295	3.6	2.3	5.3
Bicycle	65	55	10	0.6	0.9	0.2
Other method	345	180	160	2.9	2.9	2.9
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	11,800	6,190	5,605	100.0	100.0	100.0
Less than 15 minutes	2,300	930	1,370	19.5	15.0	24.4
15 to 29 minutes	3,275	1,630	1,645	27.8	26.3	29.3
30 to 44 minutes	3,390	1,980	1,410	28.7	32.0	25.2
45 to 59 minutes	1,835	1,120	710	15.6	18.1	12.7
60 minutes and over	1,005	540	470	8.5	8.7	8.4
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	11,800	6,190	5,605	100.0	100.0	100.0
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	610	485	130	5.2	7.8	2.3
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	2,070	1,360	705	17.5	22.0	12.6
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	3,165	1,685	1,480	26.8	27.2	26.4
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	2,385	1,030	1,355	20.2	16.6	24.2
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	2,040	890	1,145	17.3	14.4	20.4
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	1,530	735	795	13.0	11.9	14.2
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	6,930	3,600	3,325	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	435	220	215	6.3	6.1	6.5
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	6,490	3,380	3,110	93.7	93.9	93.5
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	5,220	2,700	2,520	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	340	175	175	6.5	6.5	6.9
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	155	70	85	3.0	2.6	3.4
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	190	105	85	3.6	3.9	3.4
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	4,875	2,525	2,350	93.4	93.5	93.3

Symbol legend

...
not applicable

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 30, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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