Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	Central Kootenay E, Regional district electoral area (RDA)More information: British Columbia [Census subdivision]
	Counts			Rates
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	3,897	...	...	...	...	...
Population, 2016¹	3,772	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	3.3	...	...	3.3	...	...
Total private dwellings²	2,150	...	...	...	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	1,798	...	...	...	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	4.8	...	...	4.8	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	807.99	...	...	...	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	3,895	2,030	1,865	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	485	270	220	12.5	13.3	11.8
0 to 4 years	135	80	55	3.5	3.9	2.9
5 to 9 years	155	80	75	4.0	3.9	4.0
10 to 14 years	195	105	85	5.0	5.2	4.6
15 to 64 years	2,360	1,190	1,165	60.6	58.6	62.5
15 to 19 years	175	95	80	4.5	4.7	4.3
20 to 24 years	115	65	50	3.0	3.2	2.7
25 to 29 years	155	85	70	4.0	4.2	3.8
30 to 34 years	210	100	115	5.4	4.9	6.2
35 to 39 years	225	115	110	5.8	5.7	5.9
40 to 44 years	265	125	140	6.8	6.2	7.5
45 to 49 years	250	130	115	6.4	6.4	6.2
50 to 54 years	260	140	125	6.7	6.9	6.7
55 to 59 years	290	145	145	7.4	7.1	7.8
60 to 64 years	415	190	225	10.7	9.4	12.1
65 years and over	1,055	570	485	27.1	28.1	26.0
65 to 69 years	405	210	195	10.4	10.3	10.5
70 to 74 years	315	170	145	8.1	8.4	7.8
75 to 79 years	190	110	80	4.9	5.4	4.3
80 to 84 years	80	50	35	2.1	2.5	1.9
85 years and over	60	35	25	1.5	1.7	1.3
85 to 89 years	40	30	15	1.0	1.5	0.8
90 to 94 years	20	5	10	0.5	0.2	0.5
95 to 99 years	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.3
100 years and over	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	12.5	13.3	11.8	12.5	13.3	11.8
15 to 64 years	60.6	58.6	62.5	60.6	58.6	62.5
65 years and over	27.1	28.1	26.0	27.1	28.1	26.0
85 years and over	1.5	1.7	1.3	1.5	1.7	1.3
Average age of the population	47.6	47.4	47.9	47.6	47.4	47.9
Median age of the population	51.2	51.2	52.0	51.2	51.2	52.0
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	1,800	...	...	100.0	...	...
Single-detached house	1,580	...	...	87.8	...	...
Semi-detached house	15	...	...	0.8	...	...
Row house	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	35	...	...	1.9	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	15	...	...	0.8	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Other single-attached house	5	...	...	0.3	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	145	...	...	8.1	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	1,800	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 person	560	...	...	31.1	...	...
2 persons	770	...	...	42.8	...	...
3 persons	225	...	...	12.5	...	...
4 persons	160	...	...	8.9	...	...
5 or more persons	85	...	...	4.7	...	...
Number of persons in private households	3,875	2,015	1,860	100.0	100.0	100.0
Average household size	2.2	...	...	2.2	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	3,410	1,765	1,650	100.0	100.0	100.0
Married or living common-law	2,070	1,030	1,040	60.7	58.4	63.0
Married	1,545	770	775	45.3	43.6	47.0
Living common-law	525	265	265	15.4	15.0	16.1
Living common law - Never married	360	180	180	10.6	10.2	10.9
Living common law - Separated	10	5	5	0.3	0.3	0.3
Living common law - Divorced	140	65	70	4.1	3.7	4.2
Living common law - Widowed	10	10	5	0.3	0.6	0.3
Not married and not living common-law	1,340	730	610	39.3	41.4	37.0
Not married and not living common law - Never married	830	500	330	24.3	28.3	20.0
Not married and not living common law - Separated	90	45	45	2.6	2.5	2.7
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	275	140	135	8.1	7.9	8.2
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	150	45	105	4.4	2.5	6.4
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	1,170	...	...	100.0	...	...
2 persons	780	...	...	66.7	...	...
3 persons	185	...	...	15.8	...	...
4 persons	145	...	...	12.4	...	...
5 or more persons	55	...	...	4.7	...	...
Average size of census families	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.7	...	...	1.7	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	1,170	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total couple families	1,020	...	...	87.2	...	...
Married couples	755	...	...	64.5	...	...
With children⁶	250	...	...	21.4	...	...
Without children	505	...	...	43.2	...	...
Common-law couples	265	...	...	22.6	...	...
With children⁶	90	...	...	7.7	...	...
Without children	175	...	...	15.0	...	...
Total one-parent families	150	...	...	12.8	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	105	...	...	9.0	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	45	...	...	3.8	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	3,875	2,015	1,860	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total - Persons in census families	2,995	1,525	1,465	77.3	75.7	78.8
Married spouses or common-law partners	2,040	1,020	1,020	52.6	50.6	54.8
Parents in one-parent families	145	45	105	3.7	2.2	5.6
Children⁶	805	465	340	20.8	23.1	18.3
In a two-parent family	605	355	250	15.6	17.6	13.4
In a one-parent family	205	115	90	5.3	5.7	4.8
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	880	485	390	22.7	24.1	21.0
Living alone	560	320	245	14.5	15.9	13.2
Living with other relatives⁷	70	35	35	1.8	1.7	1.9
Living with non-relatives only	255	140	115	6.6	6.9	6.2
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	1,795	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	1,040	...	...	57.9	...	...
Couple-family households	930	...	...	51.8	...	...
With children⁶	305	...	...	17.0	...	...
Without children	620	...	...	34.5	...	...
One-parent-family households	115	...	...	6.4	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	35	...	...	1.9	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	15	...	...	0.8	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	55	...	...	3.1	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	100	...	...	5.6	...	...
One-person households	560	...	...	31.2	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	3,390	1,745	1,640	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	3,305	1,710	1,600	97.5	98.0	97.6
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	36,400	41,200	32,000	36,400	41,200	32,000
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	3,305	1,710	1,600	97.5	98.0	97.6
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	33,600	37,600	30,000	33,600	37,600	30,000
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	3,025	1,580	1,445	89.2	90.5	88.1
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	27,000	32,800	21,600	27,000	32,800	21,600
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	2,165	1,150	1,010	63.9	65.9	61.6
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	25,800	29,800	21,800	25,800	29,800	21,800
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	2,880	1,455	1,420	85.0	83.4	86.6
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	13,000	13,500	12,500	13,000	13,500	12,500
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	360	215	145	10.6	12.3	8.8
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,880	6,280	5,480	5,880	6,280	5,480
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	900	440	455	26.5	25.2	27.7
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	9,000	9,500	8,500	9,000	9,500	8,500
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	3,410	1,755	1,650	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	3,355	1,730	1,625	98.4	98.6	98.5
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	45,400	48,120	42,520	45,400	48,120	42,520
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	3,360	1,730	1,625	98.5	98.6	98.5
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	39,800	41,840	37,640	39,800	41,840	37,640
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	2,990	1,560	1,430	87.7	88.9	86.7
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	38,840	41,720	35,720	38,840	41,720	35,720
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	2,190	1,150	1,040	64.2	65.5	63.0
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	36,320	38,600	33,800	36,320	38,600	33,800
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	2,915	1,495	1,410	85.5	85.2	85.5
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	12,380	12,140	12,640	12,380	12,140	12,640
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	400	230	175	11.7	13.1	10.6
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,400	7,650	7,100	7,400	7,650	7,100
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	885	420	460	26.0	23.9	27.9
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	9,660	9,600	9,720	9,660	9,600	9,720
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	3,410	1,755	1,655	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	780	445	340	22.9	25.4	20.5
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	54,800	56,000	52,800	54,800	56,000	52,800
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	59,000	60,600	56,800	59,000	60,600	56,800
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	1,070	490	575	31.4	27.9	34.7
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	17,400	18,800	16,200	17,400	18,800	16,200
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	27,300	30,400	24,600	27,300	30,400	24,600
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	76.4	78.2	74.2	76.4	78.2	74.2
Employment income (%)¹⁹	52.2	53.4	51.0	52.2	53.4	51.0
Government transfers (%)²⁰	23.7	21.8	25.9	23.7	21.8	25.9
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.9	2.1	1.8	1.9	2.1	1.8
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	6.9	5.9	8.1	6.9	5.9	8.1
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	5.6	4.8	6.5	5.6	4.8	6.5
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	3,390	1,750	1,645	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without total income	85	40	45	2.5	2.3	2.7
With total income	3,305	1,705	1,595	97.5	97.4	97.0
Under $10,000 (including loss)	270	105	165	8.2	6.2	10.3
$10,000 to $19,999	460	200	265	13.9	11.7	16.6
$20,000 to $29,999	580	275	310	17.5	16.1	19.4
$30,000 to $39,999	495	245	245	15.0	14.4	15.4
$40,000 to $49,999	405	205	200	12.3	12.0	12.5
$50,000 to $59,999	265	150	115	8.0	8.8	7.2
$60,000 to $69,999	200	115	85	6.1	6.7	5.3
$70,000 to $79,999	160	105	60	4.8	6.2	3.8
$80,000 to $89,999	125	90	40	3.8	5.3	2.5
$90,000 to $99,999	75	40	30	2.3	2.3	1.9
$100,000 and over	255	170	85	7.7	10.0	5.3
$100,000 to $149,999	185	120	60	5.6	7.0	3.8
$150,000 and over	70	50	20	2.1	2.9	1.3
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	3,390	1,750	1,645	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without after-tax income	85	40	40	2.5	2.3	2.4
With after-tax income	3,310	1,705	1,600	97.6	97.4	97.3
Under $10,000 (including loss)	290	110	180	8.8	6.5	11.3
$10,000 to $19,999	475	210	265	14.4	12.3	16.6
$20,000 to $29,999	665	310	355	20.1	18.2	22.2
$30,000 to $39,999	545	285	265	16.5	16.7	16.6
$40,000 to $49,999	430	230	200	13.0	13.5	12.5
$50,000 to $59,999	260	155	105	7.9	9.1	6.6
$60,000 to $69,999	220	140	80	6.6	8.2	5.0
$70,000 to $79,999	140	85	60	4.2	5.0	3.8
$80,000 to $89,999	85	50	35	2.6	2.9	2.2
$90,000 to $99,999	60	45	15	1.8	2.6	0.9
$100,000 and over	130	90	40	3.9	5.3	2.5
$100,000 to $124,999	70	50	25	2.1	2.9	1.6
$125,000 and over	60	40	20	1.8	2.3	1.3
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	3,390	1,750	1,645	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without employment income	1,225	590	635	36.1	33.7	38.6
With employment income	2,160	1,155	1,010	63.7	66.0	61.4
Under $5,000 (including loss)	445	215	235	20.6	18.6	23.3
$5,000 to $9,999	210	110	95	9.7	9.5	9.4
$10,000 to $19,999	285	140	145	13.2	12.1	14.4
$20,000 to $29,999	235	110	125	10.9	9.5	12.4
$30,000 to $39,999	210	100	110	9.7	8.7	10.9
$40,000 to $49,999	155	75	80	7.2	6.5	7.9
$50,000 to $59,999	130	65	60	6.0	5.6	5.9
$60,000 to $69,999	100	60	35	4.6	5.2	3.5
$70,000 to $79,999	120	85	40	5.6	7.4	4.0
$80,000 to $89,999	85	50	30	3.9	4.3	3.0
$90,000 to $99,999	45	25	20	2.1	2.2	2.0
$100,000 and over	150	105	45	6.9	9.1	4.5
$100,000 to $124,999	80	55	30	3.7	4.8	3.0
$125,000 and over	65	50	15	3.0	4.3	1.5
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	3,390	1,745	1,640	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	3,225	1,665	1,560	95.1	95.4	95.1
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	34,800	40,800	29,000	34,800	40,800	29,000
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	3,240	1,665	1,575	95.6	95.4	96.0
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	31,600	36,800	26,600	31,600	36,800	26,600
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	2,960	1,545	1,415	87.3	88.5	86.3
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	30,200	36,400	24,800	30,200	36,400	24,800
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	2,245	1,170	1,080	66.2	67.0	65.9
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	26,800	32,000	22,600	26,800	32,000	22,600
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	2,440	1,220	1,220	72.0	69.9	74.4
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	9,000	9,600	8,300	9,000	9,600	8,300
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	330	185	145	9.7	10.6	8.8
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	5,480	5,440	5,520	5,480	5,440	5,520
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	3,410	1,755	1,650	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	3,285	1,695	1,590	96.3	96.6	96.4
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	44,520	48,200	40,560	44,520	48,200	40,560
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	3,305	1,695	1,605	96.9	96.6	97.3
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	37,800	40,760	34,640	37,800	40,760	34,640
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	2,980	1,560	1,425	87.4	88.9	86.4
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	41,240	44,800	37,320	41,240	44,800	37,320
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	2,300	1,190	1,110	67.4	67.8	67.3
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	36,400	41,100	31,450	36,400	41,100	31,450
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	2,515	1,255	1,260	73.8	71.5	76.4
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	9,250	9,480	9,020	9,250	9,480	9,020
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	355	195	160	10.4	11.1	9.7
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	7,080	6,700	7,600	7,080	6,700	7,600
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	3,410	1,755	1,655	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	770	440	330	22.6	25.1	19.9
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	48,000	52,000	44,800	48,000	52,000	44,800
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	55,400	58,200	51,600	55,400	58,200	51,600
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	1,015	455	555	29.8	25.9	33.5
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	21,400	27,200	18,400	21,400	27,200	18,400
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	31,150	37,800	25,700	31,150	37,800	25,700
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	84.0	85.4	82.4	84.0	85.4	82.4
Employment income (%)	57.2	59.6	54.4	57.2	59.6	54.4
Government transfers (%)	15.9	14.6	17.6	15.9	14.6	17.6
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.7	1.6	1.9	1.7	1.6	1.9
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	1,800	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	70,500	...	...	70,500	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	63,600	...	...	63,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	560	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	36,400	...	...	36,400	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	34,400	...	...	34,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	1,235	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	89,000	...	...	89,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	80,000	...	...	80,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	1,795	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	84,700	...	...	84,700	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	74,300	...	...	74,300	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	550	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	41,400	...	...	41,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	37,200	...	...	37,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	1,250	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	103,800	...	...	103,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	90,600	...	...	90,600	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	1,800	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	20	...	...	1.1	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	15	...	...	0.8	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	15	...	...	0.8	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	55	...	...	3.1	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	80	...	...	4.4	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	75	...	...	4.2	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	70	...	...	3.9	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	80	...	...	4.4	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	100	...	...	5.6	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	85	...	...	4.7	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	155	...	...	8.6	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	145	...	...	8.1	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	130	...	...	7.2	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	125	...	...	6.9	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	100	...	...	5.6	...	...
$100,000 and over	550	...	...	30.6	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	195	...	...	10.8	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	150	...	...	8.3	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	120	...	...	6.7	...	...
$200,000 and over	85	...	...	4.7	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	1,800	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	25	...	...	1.4	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	15	...	...	0.8	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	20	...	...	1.1	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	55	...	...	3.1	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	85	...	...	4.7	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	85	...	...	4.7	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	80	...	...	4.4	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	95	...	...	5.3	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	90	...	...	5.0	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	100	...	...	5.6	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	180	...	...	10.0	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	170	...	...	9.4	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	135	...	...	7.5	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	145	...	...	8.1	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	95	...	...	5.3	...	...
$100,000 and over	425	...	...	23.6	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	195	...	...	10.8	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	105	...	...	5.8	...	...
$150,000 and over	120	...	...	6.7	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	1,160	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	88,000	...	...	88,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	79,500	...	...	79,500	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	655	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	81,000	...	...	81,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	73,000	...	...	73,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	345	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	116,000	...	...	116,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	103,000	...	...	103,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	3.9	...	...	3.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	140	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	60,800	...	...	60,800	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	57,200	...	...	57,200	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.5	...	...	2.5	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	810	455	360	...	...	...
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	34,400	36,800	32,400	34,400	36,800	32,400
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	32,000	34,000	30,000	32,000	34,000	30,000
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	1,165	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	102,800	...	...	102,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	89,600	...	...	89,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	665	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	102,600	...	...	102,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	88,200	...	...	88,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	340	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	118,000	...	...	118,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	103,600	...	...	103,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	130	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	68,000	...	...	68,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	63,000	...	...	63,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	815	420	390	...	...	...
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	40,000	41,800	38,200	40,000	41,800	38,200
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	36,000	37,200	34,800	36,000	37,200	34,800
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	3,875	2,020	1,860	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	600	330	265	15.5	16.3	14.2
0 to 5 years	165	95	65	4.3	4.7	3.5
18 to 64 years	2,230	1,115	1,110	57.5	55.2	59.7
65 years and over	1,050	565	485	27.1	28.0	26.1
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	480	235	240	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	85	45	40	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	30	15	20	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	270	135	135	...	...	...
65 years and over	125	60	65	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	12.4	11.8	13.0	12.4	11.8	13.0
0 to 17 years (%)	14.4	12.8	16.0	14.4	12.8	16.0
0 to 5 years (%)	19.0	16.0	24.0	19.0	16.0	24.0
18 to 64 years (%)	12.1	12.0	12.0	12.1	12.0	12.0
65 years and over (%)	12.0	10.8	13.6	12.0	10.8	13.6
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	3,875	2,015	1,860	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	595	335	265	15.4	16.6	14.2
0 to 5 years	165	100	70	4.3	5.0	3.8
18 to 64 years	2,225	1,120	1,110	57.4	55.6	59.7
65 years and over	1,050	570	480	27.1	28.3	25.8
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	125	60	65	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	20	10	10	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	5	0	5	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	100	45	55	...	...	...
65 years and over	10	5	5	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	3.3	3.0	3.7	3.3	3.0	3.7
0 to 17 years (%)	3.2	3.2	3.0	3.2	3.2	3.0
0 to 5 years (%)	x	x	x	x	x	x
18 to 64 years (%)	4.4	3.8	5.0	4.4	3.8	5.0
65 years and over (%)	1.0	1.2	0.8	1.0	1.2	0.8
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	3,875	2,015	1,860	100.0	100.0	100.0
In bottom half of the distribution	2,295	1,165	1,130	59.2	57.8	60.8
In bottom decile	495	250	245	12.8	12.4	13.2
In second decile	490	240	250	12.6	11.9	13.4
In third decile	465	245	220	12.0	12.2	11.8
In fourth decile	385	205	185	9.9	10.2	9.9
In fifth decile	460	235	225	11.9	11.7	12.1
In top half of the distribution	1,580	850	730	40.8	42.2	39.2
In sixth decile	310	165	145	8.0	8.2	7.8
In seventh decile	390	210	180	10.1	10.4	9.7
In eighth decile	340	185	150	8.8	9.2	8.1
In ninth decile	325	170	160	8.4	8.4	8.6
In top decile	220	120	100	5.7	6.0	5.4
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	3,875	...	...	3,875	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.313	...	...	0.313	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.446	...	...	0.446	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.278	...	...	0.278	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.6	...	...	3.6	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	3,900	2,030	1,865	100.0	100.0	100.0
English only	3,565	1,890	1,675	91.4	93.1	89.8
French only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and French	325	140	180	8.3	6.9	9.7
Neither English nor French	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.3
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	3,900	2,030	1,865	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	3,805	1,990	1,810	97.6	98.0	97.1
French	85	40	45	2.2	2.0	2.4
English and French	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.3
Neither English nor French	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.3
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	3,900	2,030	1,865	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	3,835	2,000	1,835	98.3	98.5	98.4
Official languages	3,605	1,895	1,715	92.4	93.3	92.0
English	3,520	1,855	1,665	90.3	91.4	89.3
French	85	35	45	2.2	1.7	2.4
Non-official languages	230	105	125	5.9	5.2	6.7
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	230	105	125	5.9	5.2	6.7
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	5	0	0.0	0.2	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	5	0	0.0	0.2	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.3
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.3
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	200	95	110	5.1	4.7	5.9
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	50	25	30	1.3	1.2	1.6
Baltic languages	5	5	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	50	20	30	1.3	1.0	1.6
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	5	5	5	0.1	0.2	0.3
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.3
Russian	25	10	15	0.6	0.5	0.8
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.3
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.3
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	110	55	55	2.8	2.7	2.9
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	70	35	40	1.8	1.7	2.1
German	65	30	35	1.7	1.5	1.9
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	5	5	5	0.1	0.2	0.3
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	35	20	15	0.9	1.0	0.8
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	30	15	10	0.8	0.7	0.5
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.3
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	5	5	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	35	20	20	0.9	1.0	1.1
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	15	10	5	0.4	0.5	0.3
Portuguese	10	0	5	0.3	0.0	0.3
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	10	0	5	0.3	0.0	0.3
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	10	5	5	0.3	0.2	0.3
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	10	5	5	0.3	0.2	0.3
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	5	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.3
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	60	30	30	1.5	1.5	1.6
English and French	25	15	10	0.6	0.7	0.5
English and non-official language(s)	30	15	15	0.8	0.7	0.8
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.3
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	3,900	2,030	1,865	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	3,670	1,920	1,740	94.1	94.6	93.3
French	10	5	10	0.3	0.2	0.5
Non-official language	15	5	15	0.4	0.2	0.8
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	15	5	15	0.4	0.2	0.8
English and French	50	30	25	1.3	1.5	1.3
English and non-official language(s)	135	65	65	3.5	3.2	3.5
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	10	5	10	0.3	0.2	0.5
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	3,900	2,030	1,865	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	3,885	2,025	1,860	99.6	99.8	99.7
Official languages	3,840	2,000	1,835	98.5	98.5	98.4
English	3,815	1,995	1,820	97.8	98.3	97.6
French	25	10	15	0.6	0.5	0.8
Non-official languages	50	20	25	1.3	1.0	1.3
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	50	20	25	1.3	1.0	1.3
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	40	15	25	1.0	0.7	1.3
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	15	5	5	0.4	0.2	0.3
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	15	5	5	0.4	0.2	0.3
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.3
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	10	0	5	0.3	0.0	0.3
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	20	5	10	0.5	0.2	0.5
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	10	5	5	0.3	0.2	0.3
German	5	5	5	0.1	0.2	0.3
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	5	5	5	0.1	0.2	0.3
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	5	5	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	5	5	5	0.1	0.2	0.3
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	10	5	0	0.3	0.2	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	10	5	5	0.3	0.2	0.3
English and French	10	5	5	0.3	0.2	0.3
English and non-official language(s)	5	5	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	3,895	2,030	1,865	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	3,715	1,945	1,770	95.4	95.8	94.9
English	30	15	20	0.8	0.7	1.1
French	35	20	15	0.9	1.0	0.8
Non-official language	95	45	50	2.4	2.2	2.7
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	95	45	50	2.4	2.2	2.7
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.3
French and non-official language(s)	10	5	5	0.3	0.2	0.3
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	5	5	5	0.1	0.2	0.3
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	3,875	2,015	1,855	100.0	100.0	100.0
Official languages	3,875	2,010	1,855	100.0	99.8	100.0
English	3,870	2,010	1,855	99.9	99.8	100.0
French	365	165	195	9.4	8.2	10.5
Non-official languages	400	185	220	10.3	9.2	11.9
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	400	185	220	10.3	9.2	11.9
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	360	160	200	9.3	7.9	10.8
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	45	15	35	1.2	0.7	1.9
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	40	10	35	1.0	0.5	1.9
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	10	0	10	0.3	0.0	0.5
Russian	20	0	15	0.5	0.0	0.8
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	140	80	65	3.6	4.0	3.5
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	95	45	45	2.5	2.2	2.4
German	95	45	45	2.5	2.2	2.4
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	60	35	20	1.5	1.7	1.1
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	50	30	20	1.3	1.5	1.1
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	170	75	95	4.4	3.7	5.1
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	20	15	10	0.5	0.7	0.5
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	150	60	85	3.9	3.0	4.6
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	25	10	10	0.6	0.5	0.5
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	10	0	0	0.3	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	15	0	0	0.4	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	3,875	2,015	1,860	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	290	165	125	7.5	8.2	6.7
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	275	155	125	7.1	7.7	6.7
First Nations (North American Indian)	105	50	60	2.7	2.5	3.2
Métis	155	105	55	4.0	5.2	3.0
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	10	10	0	0.3	0.5	0.0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous identity	3,585	1,855	1,735	92.5	92.1	93.3
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	3,875	2,015	1,860	100.0	100.0	100.0
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	60	20	40	1.5	1.0	2.2
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	3,820	1,995	1,820	98.6	99.0	97.8
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	1,795	...	...	100.0	...	...
Owner	1,465	...	...	81.6	...	...
Renter	335	...	...	18.7	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	1,795	...	...	100.0	...	...
Condominium	10	...	...	0.6	...	...
Not condominium	1,790	...	...	99.7	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	1,795	...	...	100.0	...	...
No bedrooms	20	...	...	1.1	...	...
1 bedroom	185	...	...	10.3	...	...
2 bedrooms	525	...	...	29.2	...	...
3 bedrooms	725	...	...	40.4	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	345	...	...	19.2	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	1,795	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	425	...	...	23.7	...	...
5 rooms	325	...	...	18.1	...	...
6 rooms	325	...	...	18.1	...	...
7 rooms	180	...	...	10.0	...	...
8 or more rooms	540	...	...	30.1	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.3	...	...	6.3	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	1,795	...	...	100.0	...	...
One person or fewer per room	1,770	...	...	98.6	...	...
More than one person per room	25	...	...	1.4	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	1,795	...	...	100.0	...	...
Suitable	1,735	...	...	96.7	...	...
Not suitable	60	...	...	3.3	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	1,795	...	...	100.0	...	...
1960 or before	340	...	...	18.9	...	...
1961 to 1980	500	...	...	27.9	...	...
1981 to 1990	215	...	...	12.0	...	...
1991 to 2000	360	...	...	20.1	...	...
2001 to 2005	120	...	...	6.7	...	...
2006 to 2010	95	...	...	5.3	...	...
2011 to 2015	60	...	...	3.3	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	115	...	...	6.4	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	1,795	...	...	100.0	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	1,630	...	...	90.8	...	...
Major repairs needed	170	...	...	9.5	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	1,795	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-maintainer household	845	...	...	47.1	...	...
Two-maintainer household	875	...	...	48.7	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	80	...	...	4.5	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	1,795	...	...	100.0	...	...
15 to 24 years	15	...	...	0.8	...	...
25 to 34 years	190	...	...	10.6	...	...
35 to 44 years	205	...	...	11.4	...	...
45 to 54 years	295	...	...	16.4	...	...
55 to 64 years	450	...	...	25.1	...	...
65 to 74 years	430	...	...	24.0	...	...
75 to 84 years	135	...	...	7.5	...	...
85 years and over	75	...	...	4.2	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	1,760	...	...	100.0	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	1,395	...	...	79.3	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	365	...	...	20.7	...	...
30% to less than 100%	315	...	...	17.9	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	1,800	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	535	...	...	29.7	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	305	...	...	16.9	...	...
Not suitable only	55	...	...	3.1	...	...
Major repairs needed only	110	...	...	6.1	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	55	...	...	3.1	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Acceptable housing	1,265	...	...	70.3	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	1,710	...	...	100.0	...	...
In core need	155	...	...	9.1	...	...
Not in core need	1,555	...	...	90.9	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	1,430	...	...	...	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	53.1	...	...	53.1	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	16.4	...	...	16.4	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	6.7	...	...	6.7	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	735	...	...	735	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,095	...	...	1,095	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	548,000	...	...	548,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	569,000	...	...	569,000	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	335	...	...	...	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	0.0	...	...	0.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	37.3	...	...	37.3	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	20.0	...	...	20.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	980	...	...	980	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,084	...	...	1,084	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	...	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	3,875	2,015	1,860	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	20	20	0	0.5	1.0	0.0
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	15	15	0	0.4	0.7	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	15	15	0	0.4	0.7	0.0
Métis single ancestry	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	325	180	145	8.4	8.9	7.8
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	320	180	145	8.3	8.9	7.8
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	180	110	70	4.6	5.5	3.8
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	120	65	60	3.1	3.2	3.2
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	25	0	15	0.6	0.0	0.8
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	3,530	1,815	1,715	91.1	90.1	92.2
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	3,875	2,020	1,860	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	3,750	1,965	1,785	96.8	97.3	96.0
Canadian citizens aged under 18	555	310	240	14.3	15.3	12.9
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	3,200	1,655	1,540	82.6	81.9	82.8
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	125	50	75	3.2	2.5	4.0
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	3,875	2,020	1,860	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	3,430	1,800	1,630	88.5	89.1	87.6
Immigrants⁸¹	430	215	220	11.1	10.6	11.8
Before 1980	200	95	100	5.2	4.7	5.4
1980 to 1990	40	15	20	1.0	0.7	1.1
1991 to 2000	45	15	30	1.2	0.7	1.6
2001 to 2010	75	40	30	1.9	2.0	1.6
2011 to 2021⁸²	75	45	35	1.9	2.2	1.9
2011 to 2015	55	35	20	1.4	1.7	1.1
2016 to 2021	25	10	15	0.6	0.5	0.8
Non-permanent residents⁸³	15	0	10	0.4	0.0	0.5
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	435	215	220	100.0	100.0	100.0
Under 5 years	55	30	25	12.6	14.0	11.4
5 to 14 years	100	50	55	23.0	23.3	25.0
15 to 24 years	105	45	55	24.1	20.9	25.0
25 to 44 years	150	70	80	34.5	32.6	36.4
45 years and over	25	15	15	5.7	7.0	6.8
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	435	215	220	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	160	65	100	36.8	30.2	45.5
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
El Salvador	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyana	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	145	55	90	33.3	25.6	40.9
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Europe	245	140	105	56.3	65.1	47.7
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	15	10	0	3.4	4.7	0.0
Germany	25	15	15	5.7	7.0	6.8
Greece	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	15	10	0	3.4	4.7	0.0
Netherlands	40	30	15	9.2	14.0	6.8
Poland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portugal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	95	55	35	21.8	25.6	15.9
Other places of birth in Europe	40	30	15	9.2	14.0	6.8
Africa	10	0	0	2.3	0.0	0.0
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asia	10	0	10	2.3	0.0	4.5
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	10	0	10	2.3	0.0	4.5
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	10	0	0	2.3	0.0	0.0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	25	10	15	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Europe	15	0	10	60.0	0.0	66.7
France	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	15	0	0	60.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	3,875	2,015	1,855	100.0	100.0	100.0
First generation¹⁰⁰	515	270	245	13.3	13.4	13.2
Second generation¹⁰¹	820	425	395	21.2	21.1	21.3
Third generation or more¹⁰²	2,540	1,325	1,220	65.5	65.8	65.8
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	235	120	120	100.0	100.0	100.0
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	100	65	35	42.6	54.2	29.2
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	40	40	10	17.0	33.3	8.3
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	60	25	30	25.5	20.8	25.0
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	115	45	65	48.9	37.5	54.2
Refugees¹⁰⁸	15	0	15	6.4	0.0	12.5
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	235	120	120	100.0	100.0	100.0
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	65	40	30	27.7	33.3	25.0
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	20	0	10	8.5	0.0	8.3
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	145	75	70	61.7	62.5	58.3
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	3,875	2,015	1,860	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	115	50	60	3.0	2.5	3.2
South Asian	20	0	20	0.5	0.0	1.1
Chinese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Black	25	10	10	0.6	0.5	0.5
Filipino	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arab	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latin American	10	10	0	0.3	0.5	0.0
Southeast Asian	10	0	0	0.3	0.0	0.0
West Asian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	30	20	10	0.8	1.0	0.5
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple visible minorities	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	3,760	1,965	1,795	97.0	97.5	96.5
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	3,875	2,020	1,855	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian	440	255	185	11.4	12.6	10.0
English	1,155	565	595	29.8	28.0	32.1
Irish	660	305	360	17.0	15.1	19.4
Scottish	850	455	400	21.9	22.5	21.6
French, n.o.s.¹²²	495	280	220	12.8	13.9	11.9
German	715	355	360	18.5	17.6	19.4
Chinese	15	15	0	0.4	0.7	0.0
Italian	240	120	120	6.2	5.9	6.5
Indian (India)	30	0	25	0.8	0.0	1.3
Ukrainian	225	105	120	5.8	5.2	6.5
Dutch	260	150	115	6.7	7.4	6.2
Polish	170	75	100	4.4	3.7	5.4
Québécois	10	0	0	0.3	0.0	0.0
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	255	130	125	6.6	6.4	6.7
Filipino	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French Canadian	80	30	50	2.1	1.5	2.7
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	85	50	35	2.2	2.5	1.9
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	75	45	25	1.9	2.2	1.3
Métis	135	75	55	3.5	3.7	3.0
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	90	55	40	2.3	2.7	2.2
Russian	170	70	105	4.4	3.5	5.7
Norwegian	165	80	90	4.3	4.0	4.9
Welsh	155	70	75	4.0	3.5	4.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American	185	100	90	4.8	5.0	4.9
Spanish	70	40	25	1.8	2.0	1.3
Swedish	100	40	60	2.6	2.0	3.2
Hungarian	55	30	20	1.4	1.5	1.1
Acadian	15	0	0	0.4	0.0	0.0
Pakistani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	25	10	15	0.6	0.5	0.8
Jewish	30	25	0	0.8	1.2	0.0
Punjabi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	15	0	15	0.4	0.0	0.8
Jamaican	20	10	10	0.5	0.5	0.5
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	30	25	10	0.8	1.2	0.5
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	30	15	20	0.8	0.7	1.1
Lebanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	40	20	15	1.0	1.0	0.8
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	40	15	25	1.0	0.7	1.3
Sikh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austrian	85	25	60	2.2	1.2	3.2
Belgian	70	30	40	1.8	1.5	2.2
Haitian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mennonite	10	0	0	0.3	0.0	0.0
Swiss	65	40	30	1.7	2.0	1.6
Finnish	120	70	45	3.1	3.5	2.4
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	35	15	20	0.9	0.7	1.1
Japanese	20	10	10	0.5	0.5	0.5
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	30	20	0	0.8	1.0	0.0
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	35	10	20	0.9	0.5	1.1
Muslim	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egyptian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	40	10	25	1.0	0.5	1.3
Colombian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moroccan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	40	20	20	1.0	1.0	1.1
Syrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afghan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway	10	10	0	0.3	0.5	0.0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Konger	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ontarian	15	0	15	0.4	0.0	0.8
Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	10	0	10	0.3	0.0	0.5
Turkish	10	0	0	0.3	0.0	0.0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	20	0	20	0.5	0.0	1.1
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	10	0	0	0.3	0.0	0.0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	25	10	10	0.6	0.5	0.5
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salvadorean	10	0	0	0.3	0.0	0.0
African Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	10	0	10	0.3	0.0	0.5
South African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australian	30	25	0	0.8	1.2	0.0
Palestinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chilean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congolese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peruvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	15	10	0	0.4	0.5	0.0
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Canadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israeli	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	15	10	10	0.4	0.5	0.5
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albertan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African American	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	15	10	0	0.4	0.5	0.0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	15	10	0	0.4	0.5	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	10	0	0	0.3	0.0	0.0
Laotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
British Columbian	10	0	0	0.3	0.0	0.0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	10	0	0	0.3	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jatt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dominican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Abenaki	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Zealander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Breton	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gaspesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norman	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Manitoban	20	15	15	0.5	0.7	0.8
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Honduran	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cherokee	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Flemish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Goan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamileke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Libyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Basque	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igorot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guinean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maliseet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Beninese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Roma	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tajik	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amhara	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	3,875	2,015	1,860	100.0	100.0	100.0
Buddhist	50	25	25	1.3	1.2	1.3
Christian	1,110	560	550	28.6	27.8	29.6
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	245	130	120	6.3	6.5	6.5
Anabaptist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anglican	165	85	80	4.3	4.2	4.3
Baptist	20	10	10	0.5	0.5	0.5
Catholic	290	145	140	7.5	7.2	7.5
Christian Orthodox	15	0	10	0.4	0.0	0.5
Jehovah's Witness	20	10	10	0.5	0.5	0.5
Latter Day Saints	15	15	0	0.4	0.7	0.0
Lutheran	65	30	30	1.7	1.5	1.6
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	35	20	15	0.9	1.0	0.8
Presbyterian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Reformed	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Church	170	80	90	4.4	4.0	4.8
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	65	35	25	1.7	1.7	1.3
Hindu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jewish	10	0	0	0.3	0.0	0.0
Muslim	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sikh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	10	0	10	0.3	0.0	0.5
Other religions and spiritual traditions	45	20	30	1.2	1.0	1.6
No religion and secular perspectives	2,640	1,405	1,235	68.1	69.7	66.4
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	3,860	2,010	1,855	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	3,375	1,760	1,620	87.4	87.6	87.3
Movers	485	250	235	12.6	12.4	12.7
Non-migrants	220	115	110	5.7	5.7	5.9
Migrants	260	135	125	6.7	6.7	6.7
Internal migrants	200	105	95	5.2	5.2	5.1
Intraprovincial migrants	145	75	70	3.8	3.7	3.8
Interprovincial migrants	60	30	25	1.6	1.5	1.3
External migrants	60	35	35	1.6	1.7	1.9
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	3,760	1,955	1,805	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	2,285	1,200	1,085	60.8	61.4	60.1
Movers	1,470	750	720	39.1	38.4	39.9
Non-migrants	255	145	105	6.8	7.4	5.8
Migrants	1,220	605	610	32.4	30.9	33.8
Internal migrants	1,160	565	590	30.9	28.9	32.7
Intraprovincial migrants	855	410	440	22.7	21.0	24.4
Interprovincial migrants	300	155	150	8.0	7.9	8.3
External migrants	60	40	25	1.6	2.0	1.4
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	3,410	1,755	1,655	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	520	335	185	15.2	19.1	11.2
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	2,890	1,420	1,465	84.8	80.9	88.5
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	2,140	1,055	1,085	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	230	150	80	10.7	14.2	7.4
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	1,915	910	1,005	89.5	86.3	92.6
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	3,410	1,755	1,650	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	425	265	170	12.5	15.1	10.3
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	975	480	500	28.6	27.4	30.3
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,000	1,015	985	58.7	57.8	59.7
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,195	645	550	35.0	36.8	33.3
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	400	330	70	11.7	18.8	4.2
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	135	80	50	4.0	4.6	3.0
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	275	250	20	8.1	14.2	1.2
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	695	275	425	20.4	15.7	25.8
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	95	45	55	2.8	2.6	3.3
Bachelor's degree or higher	805	375	440	23.6	21.4	26.7
Bachelor's degree	495	230	265	14.5	13.1	16.1
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	50	25	20	1.5	1.4	1.2
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	30	25	10	0.9	1.4	0.6
Master's degree	205	70	130	6.0	4.0	7.9
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	30	15	15	0.9	0.9	0.9
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	2,145	1,060	1,080	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	170	105	65	7.9	9.9	6.0
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	625	325	300	29.1	30.7	27.8
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,345	630	720	62.7	59.4	66.7
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	775	405	370	36.1	38.2	34.3
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	275	210	60	12.8	19.8	5.6
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	100	65	40	4.7	6.1	3.7
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	170	150	20	7.9	14.2	1.9
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	465	165	295	21.7	15.6	27.3
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	35	30	10	1.6	2.8	0.9
Bachelor's degree or higher	570	220	355	26.6	20.8	32.9
Bachelor's degree	350	140	210	16.3	13.2	19.4
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	40	15	25	1.9	1.4	2.3
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	10	0	0	0.5	0.0	0.0
Master's degree	150	50	100	7.0	4.7	9.3
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	25	15	10	1.2	1.4	0.9
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	3,410	1,755	1,655	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	1,405	740	665	41.2	42.2	40.2
Education	130	40	95	3.8	2.3	5.7
13. Education	130	40	95	3.8	2.3	5.7
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	140	40	100	4.1	2.3	6.0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	10	10	0	0.3	0.6	0.0
50. Visual and performing arts	135	30	100	4.0	1.7	6.0
Humanities	115	65	50	3.4	3.7	3.0
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	10	0	10	0.3	0.0	0.6
23. English language and literature/letters	20	10	10	0.6	0.6	0.6
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	40	10	25	1.2	0.6	1.5
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	10	10	0	0.3	0.6	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	25	20	0	0.7	1.1	0.0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
54. History	10	10	0	0.3	0.6	0.0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	205	55	150	6.0	3.1	9.1
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	20	0	20	0.6	0.0	1.2
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	50	0	40	1.5	0.0	2.4
22. Legal professions and studies	20	0	15	0.6	0.0	0.9
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
42. Psychology	55	15	40	1.6	0.9	2.4
45. Social sciences	50	25	25	1.5	1.4	1.5
Business, management and public administration	300	80	210	8.8	4.6	12.7
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	65	0	65	1.9	0.0	3.9
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	230	80	145	6.7	4.6	8.8
Physical and life sciences and technologies	60	35	25	1.8	2.0	1.5
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	30	25	0	0.9	1.4	0.0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
40. Physical sciences	15	10	10	0.4	0.6	0.6
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	30	15	15	0.9	0.9	0.9
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	20	15	0	0.6	0.9	0.0
25. Library science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	445	430	20	13.0	24.5	1.2
04. Architecture and related services	10	0	10	0.3	0.0	0.6
14. Engineering	70	60	10	2.1	3.4	0.6
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	80	80	0	2.3	4.6	0.0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	130	130	0	3.8	7.4	0.0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	100	100	0	2.9	5.7	0.0
48. Precision production	55	55	0	1.6	3.1	0.0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	200	135	65	5.9	7.7	3.9
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	65	35	25	1.9	2.0	1.5
03. Natural resources and conservation	135	100	40	4.0	5.7	2.4
Health and related fields	255	65	190	7.5	3.7	11.5
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	30	20	0	0.9	1.1	0.0
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	220	35	190	6.5	2.0	11.5
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Personal, protective and transportation services	125	55	70	3.7	3.1	4.2
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	85	30	65	2.5	1.7	3.9
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	10	10	0	0.3	0.6	0.0
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
49. Transportation and materials moving	25	20	0	0.7	1.1	0.0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	2,145	1,060	1,085	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	800	430	365	37.3	40.6	33.6
Education	80	20	55	3.7	1.9	5.1
13. Education	80	20	55	3.7	1.9	5.1
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	115	35	75	5.4	3.3	6.9
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
50. Visual and performing arts	105	35	75	4.9	3.3	6.9
Humanities	65	40	25	3.0	3.8	2.3
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
23. English language and literature/letters	20	0	10	0.9	0.0	0.9
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	10	0	10	0.5	0.0	0.9
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	10	10	0	0.5	0.9	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	15	15	0	0.7	1.4	0.0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
54. History	10	10	0	0.5	0.9	0.0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	150	25	125	7.0	2.4	11.5
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	10	0	10	0.5	0.0	0.9
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	45	0	40	2.1	0.0	3.7
22. Legal professions and studies	15	0	15	0.7	0.0	1.4
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
42. Psychology	25	0	25	1.2	0.0	2.3
45. Social sciences	50	25	30	2.3	2.4	2.8
Business, management and public administration	220	65	150	10.3	6.1	13.8
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	45	0	45	2.1	0.0	4.1
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	170	65	105	7.9	6.1	9.7
Physical and life sciences and technologies	30	20	10	1.4	1.9	0.9
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	30	20	0	1.4	1.9	0.0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	25	15	10	1.2	1.4	0.9
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	20	15	0	0.9	1.4	0.0
25. Library science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	265	250	10	12.4	23.6	0.9
04. Architecture and related services	10	0	10	0.5	0.0	0.9
14. Engineering	40	35	0	1.9	3.3	0.0
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	50	50	0	2.3	4.7	0.0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	80	75	0	3.7	7.1	0.0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	60	60	0	2.8	5.7	0.0
48. Precision production	40	40	0	1.9	3.8	0.0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	155	85	65	7.2	8.0	6.0
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	45	20	30	2.1	1.9	2.8
03. Natural resources and conservation	105	70	40	4.9	6.6	3.7
Health and related fields	165	30	140	7.7	2.8	12.9
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	15	15	0	0.7	1.4	0.0
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	150	15	135	7.0	1.4	12.4
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Personal, protective and transportation services	80	40	40	3.7	3.8	3.7
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	65	25	35	3.0	2.4	3.2
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
49. Transportation and materials moving	15	10	0	0.7	0.9	0.0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	2,145	1,060	1,085	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	800	430	365	37.3	40.6	33.6
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	1,345	630	720	62.7	59.4	66.4
Location of study inside Canada	1,195	545	645	55.7	51.4	59.4
Same as province or territory of residence	725	360	365	33.8	34.0	33.6
Different than province or territory of residence	465	185	280	21.7	17.5	25.8
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	150	80	75	7.0	7.5	6.9
Americas	90	35	55	4.2	3.3	5.1
United States of America	90	35	55	4.2	3.3	5.1
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Europe	50	35	20	2.3	3.3	1.8
Belgium	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Netherlands	15	10	0	0.7	0.9	0.0
Switzerland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	15	15	0	0.7	1.4	0.0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Europe	10	10	0	0.5	0.9	0.0
Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Zealand	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	3,410	1,755	1,650	...	...	...
In the labour force	2,015	1,090	925	...	...	...
Employed	1,855	980	875	...	...	...
Unemployed	165	110	55	...	...	...
Not in the labour force	1,395	665	730	...	...	...
Participation rate	59.1	62.1	56.1	59.1	62.1	56.1
Employment rate	54.4	55.8	53.0	54.4	55.8	53.0
Unemployment rate	8.2	10.1	5.9	8.2	10.1	5.9
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	3,410	1,755	1,655	100.0	100.0	100.0
Did not work¹⁸⁶	1,395	720	675	40.9	41.0	40.8
Worked	2,015	1,040	980	59.1	59.3	59.2
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	815	475	340	23.9	27.1	20.5
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	1,200	565	635	35.2	32.2	38.4
Average weeks worked in reference year	38.5	39.4	37.6	38.5	39.4	37.6
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	2,015	1,090	925	100.0	100.0	100.0
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	30	25	0	1.5	2.3	0.0
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	1,985	1,065	915	98.5	97.7	98.9
Employee	1,350	705	650	67.0	64.7	70.3
Permanent position	1,020	535	480	50.6	49.1	51.9
Temporary position	335	170	170	16.6	15.6	18.4
Fixed term (1 year or more)	75	20	55	3.7	1.8	5.9
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	260	150	115	12.9	13.8	12.4
Self-employed¹⁹²	630	365	270	31.3	33.5	29.2
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	2,015	1,090	925	100.0	100.0	100.0
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	30	25	0	1.5	2.3	0.0
All occupations¹⁹¹	1,985	1,065	915	98.5	97.7	98.9
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	25	0	15	1.2	0.0	1.6
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	245	65	180	12.2	6.0	19.5
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	145	115	25	7.2	10.6	2.7
3 Health occupations	130	30	100	6.5	2.8	10.8
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	255	55	195	12.7	5.0	21.1
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	95	35	65	4.7	3.2	7.0
6 Sales and service occupations	395	150	240	19.6	13.8	25.9
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	465	425	40	23.1	39.0	4.3
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	160	105	50	7.9	9.6	5.4
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	85	75	0	4.2	6.9	0.0
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	2,015	1,090	925	100.0	100.0	100.0
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	30	25	0	1.5	2.3	0.0
All industries¹⁹¹	1,985	1,065	915	98.5	97.7	98.9
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	125	70	55	6.2	6.4	5.9
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	25	25	0	1.2	2.3	0.0
22 Utilities	15	10	0	0.7	0.9	0.0
23 Construction	260	245	15	12.9	22.5	1.6
31-33 Manufacturing	70	70	10	3.5	6.4	1.1
41 Wholesale trade	40	35	0	2.0	3.2	0.0
44-45 Retail trade	200	80	120	9.9	7.3	13.0
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	100	75	25	5.0	6.9	2.7
51 Information and cultural industries	10	0	0	0.5	0.0	0.0
52 Finance and insurance	35	10	25	1.7	0.9	2.7
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	40	25	15	2.0	2.3	1.6
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	215	115	95	10.7	10.6	10.3
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	125	85	40	6.2	7.8	4.3
61 Educational services	160	55	100	7.9	5.0	10.8
62 Health care and social assistance	270	50	215	13.4	4.6	23.2
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	70	20	50	3.5	1.8	5.4
72 Accommodation and food services	65	20	40	3.2	1.8	4.3
81 Other services (except public administration)	100	50	50	5.0	4.6	5.4
91 Public administration	65	25	35	3.2	2.3	3.8
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	2,240	1,160	1,080	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	2,210	1,150	1,065	98.7	99.1	98.6
French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-official language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and French	15	10	0	0.7	0.9	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	15	0	10	0.7	0.0	0.9
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	2,240	1,160	1,080	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	2,240	1,160	1,080	100.0	100.0	100.0
Official languages	2,240	1,160	1,080	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	2,240	1,160	1,080	100.0	100.0	100.0
French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	2,240	1,160	1,080	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	2,210	1,150	1,065	98.7	99.1	98.6
English	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French	15	10	0	0.7	0.9	0.0
Non-official language	15	0	10	0.7	0.0	0.9
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	15	0	10	0.7	0.0	0.9
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	1,855	980	875	100.0	100.0	100.0
Worked at home	440	220	220	23.7	22.4	25.1
Worked outside Canada	15	0	10	0.8	0.0	1.1
No fixed workplace address	405	315	90	21.8	32.1	10.3
Usual place of work	1,000	445	550	53.9	45.4	62.9
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	995	445	550	100.0	100.0	100.0
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	275	130	145	27.6	29.2	26.4
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	635	260	375	63.8	58.4	68.2
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	60	40	20	6.0	9.0	3.6
Commute to a different province or territory	25	15	10	2.5	3.4	1.8
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	1,405	760	645	100.0	100.0	100.0
Car, truck or van	1,230	680	560	87.5	89.5	86.8
Car, truck or van - as a driver	1,140	630	505	81.1	82.9	78.3
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	95	45	50	6.8	5.9	7.8
Public transit	25	20	0	1.8	2.6	0.0
Walked	105	50	55	7.5	6.6	8.5
Bicycle	20	0	15	1.4	0.0	2.3
Other method	20	10	15	1.4	1.3	2.3
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	1,405	760	645	100.0	100.0	100.0
Less than 15 minutes	460	200	260	32.7	26.3	40.3
15 to 29 minutes	340	185	155	24.2	24.3	24.0
30 to 44 minutes	350	205	145	24.9	27.0	22.5
45 to 59 minutes	105	55	50	7.5	7.2	7.8
60 minutes and over	160	120	40	11.4	15.8	6.2
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	1,405	760	645	100.0	100.0	100.0
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	80	60	15	5.7	7.9	2.3
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	190	130	55	13.5	17.1	8.5
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	390	215	180	27.8	28.3	27.9
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	365	175	190	26.0	23.0	29.5
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	200	80	125	14.2	10.5	19.4
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	175	95	75	12.5	12.5	11.6
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	610	335	270	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	50	35	20	8.2	10.4	7.4
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	555	305	250	91.0	91.0	92.6
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	465	255	210	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	45	25	15	9.7	9.8	7.1
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	15	10	5	3.2	3.9	2.4
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	25	20	10	5.4	7.8	4.8
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	420	230	195	90.3	90.2	92.9

Symbol legend

...
not applicable
x
suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 30, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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