Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	Cranbrook, City (CY)More information: British Columbia [Census subdivision]
	Counts			Rates
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	20,499^E	...	...	...	...	...
Population, 2016¹	20,047	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	2.3^E	...	...	2.3^E	...	...
Total private dwellings²	9,058	...	...	...	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	8,780	...	...	...	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	641.2	...	...	641.2	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	31.97	...	...	...	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	20,495	10,025	10,480	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	3,010	1,540	1,470	14.7	15.4	14.0
0 to 4 years	870	450	415	4.2	4.5	4.0
5 to 9 years	995	510	485	4.9	5.1	4.6
10 to 14 years	1,140	570	570	5.6	5.7	5.4
15 to 64 years	12,610	6,270	6,340	61.5	62.5	60.5
15 to 19 years	1,060	535	525	5.2	5.3	5.0
20 to 24 years	1,180	610	570	5.8	6.1	5.4
25 to 29 years	1,255	655	600	6.1	6.5	5.7
30 to 34 years	1,280	650	625	6.2	6.5	6.0
35 to 39 years	1,235	635	605	6.0	6.3	5.8
40 to 44 years	1,210	590	615	5.9	5.9	5.9
45 to 49 years	1,160	545	615	5.7	5.4	5.9
50 to 54 years	1,260	595	660	6.1	5.9	6.3
55 to 59 years	1,450	725	725	7.1	7.2	6.9
60 to 64 years	1,520	725	795	7.4	7.2	7.6
65 years and over	4,880	2,215	2,670	23.8	22.1	25.5
65 to 69 years	1,460	680	780	7.1	6.8	7.4
70 to 74 years	1,225	570	655	6.0	5.7	6.3
75 to 79 years	925	425	505	4.5	4.2	4.8
80 to 84 years	635	290	345	3.1	2.9	3.3
85 years and over	635	250	390	3.1	2.5	3.7
85 to 89 years	400	145	255	2.0	1.4	2.4
90 to 94 years	195	80	115	1.0	0.8	1.1
95 to 99 years	40	20	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
100 years and over	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	14.7	15.4	14.0	14.7	15.4	14.0
15 to 64 years	61.5	62.5	60.5	61.5	62.5	60.5
65 years and over	23.8	22.1	25.5	23.8	22.1	25.5
85 years and over	3.1	2.5	3.7	3.1	2.5	3.7
Average age of the population	44.4	43.3	45.5	44.4	43.3	45.5
Median age of the population	45.2	43.2	46.8	45.2	43.2	46.8
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	8,780	...	...	100.0	...	...
Single-detached house	5,725	...	...	65.2	...	...
Semi-detached house	510	...	...	5.8	...	...
Row house	530	...	...	6.0	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	225	...	...	2.6	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	1,295	...	...	14.7	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Other single-attached house	45	...	...	0.5	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	455	...	...	5.2	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	8,780	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 person	2,595	...	...	29.6	...	...
2 persons	3,510	...	...	40.0	...	...
3 persons	1,215	...	...	13.8	...	...
4 persons	940	...	...	10.7	...	...
5 or more persons	520	...	...	5.9	...	...
Number of persons in private households	19,845	9,735	10,105	100.0	100.0	100.0
Average household size	2.3	...	...	2.3	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	17,490	8,480	9,005	100.0	100.0	100.0
Married or living common-law	10,090	5,030	5,065	57.7	59.3	56.2
Married	8,080	4,020	4,060	46.2	47.4	45.1
Living common-law	2,015	1,010	1,010	11.5	11.9	11.2
Living common law - Never married	1,325	680	645	7.6	8.0	7.2
Living common law - Separated	125	55	70	0.7	0.6	0.8
Living common law - Divorced	490	240	250	2.8	2.8	2.8
Living common law - Widowed	80	30	45	0.5	0.4	0.5
Not married and not living common-law	7,400	3,455	3,940	42.3	40.7	43.8
Not married and not living common law - Never married	4,430	2,465	1,965	25.3	29.1	21.8
Not married and not living common law - Separated	565	255	310	3.2	3.0	3.4
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	1,305	495	815	7.5	5.8	9.1
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	1,095	240	855	6.3	2.8	9.5
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	5,870	...	...	100.0	...	...
2 persons	3,530	...	...	60.1	...	...
3 persons	1,105	...	...	18.8	...	...
4 persons	870	...	...	14.8	...	...
5 or more persons	370	...	...	6.3	...	...
Average size of census families	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.7	...	...	1.7	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	5,870	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total couple families	4,920	...	...	83.8	...	...
Married couples	3,905	...	...	66.5	...	...
With children⁶	1,620	...	...	27.6	...	...
Without children	2,285	...	...	38.9	...	...
Common-law couples	1,010	...	...	17.2	...	...
With children⁶	355	...	...	6.0	...	...
Without children	645	...	...	11.0	...	...
Total one-parent families	955	...	...	16.3	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	720	...	...	12.3	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	235	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	19,845	9,735	10,110	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total - Persons in census families	15,805	7,835	7,970	79.6	80.5	78.8
Married spouses or common-law partners	9,830	4,915	4,920	49.5	50.5	48.7
Parents in one-parent families	955	235	720	4.8	2.4	7.1
Children⁶	5,020	2,685	2,335	25.3	27.6	23.1
In a two-parent family	3,575	1,945	1,625	18.0	20.0	16.1
In a one-parent family	1,440	740	705	7.3	7.6	7.0
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	4,035	1,900	2,135	20.3	19.5	21.1
Living alone	2,595	1,155	1,445	13.1	11.9	14.3
Living with other relatives⁷	375	160	215	1.9	1.6	2.1
Living with non-relatives only	1,070	590	485	5.4	6.1	4.8
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	8,780	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	5,275	...	...	60.1	...	...
Couple-family households	4,500	...	...	51.3	...	...
With children⁶	1,795	...	...	20.4	...	...
Without children	2,705	...	...	30.8	...	...
One-parent-family households	775	...	...	8.8	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	130	...	...	1.5	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	45	...	...	0.5	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	320	...	...	3.6	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	420	...	...	4.8	...	...
One-person households	2,595	...	...	29.6	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	16,840	8,200	8,640	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	16,430	8,015	8,415	97.6	97.7	97.4
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	41,200	50,400	34,800	41,200	50,400	34,800
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	16,440	8,015	8,420	97.6	97.7	97.5
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	37,600	45,200	32,400	37,600	45,200	32,400
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	14,755	7,385	7,370	87.6	90.1	85.3
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	34,000	44,400	26,200	34,000	44,400	26,200
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	11,485	5,950	5,535	68.2	72.6	64.1
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	37,200	47,600	29,600	37,200	47,600	29,600
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	13,855	6,340	7,510	82.3	77.3	86.9
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	11,500	10,800	12,000	11,500	10,800	12,000
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	1,645	825	815	9.8	10.1	9.4
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,480	5,480	5,520	5,480	5,480	5,520
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	3,780	1,670	2,105	22.4	20.4	24.4
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	16,845	8,200	8,640	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	16,465	8,015	8,450	97.7	97.7	97.8
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	50,920	61,500	40,880	50,920	61,500	40,880
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	16,480	8,020	8,455	97.8	97.8	97.9
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	43,920	51,700	36,480	43,920	51,700	36,480
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	14,890	7,445	7,440	88.4	90.8	86.1
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	45,080	56,450	33,720	45,080	56,450	33,720
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	11,485	5,940	5,545	68.2	72.4	64.2
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	46,600	57,050	35,400	46,600	57,050	35,400
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	13,855	6,390	7,465	82.2	77.9	86.4
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	12,080	11,410	12,660	12,080	11,410	12,660
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	1,655	815	835	9.8	9.9	9.7
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,630	6,360	6,900	6,630	6,360	6,900
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	3,760	1,680	2,080	22.3	20.5	24.1
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,390	7,740	8,910	8,390	7,740	8,910
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	16,840	8,205	8,640	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	5,040	2,925	2,110	29.9	35.6	24.4
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	62,400	75,000	52,400	62,400	75,000	52,400
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	69,300	77,300	58,050	69,300	77,300	58,050
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	4,945	2,250	2,695	29.4	27.4	31.2
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	20,600	27,400	18,000	20,600	27,400	18,000
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	32,120	42,080	23,820	32,120	42,080	23,820
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	80.0	85.2	72.6	80.0	85.2	72.6
Employment income (%)¹⁹	63.8	68.8	56.8	63.8	68.8	56.8
Government transfers (%)²⁰	20.0	14.8	27.4	20.0	14.8	27.4
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.3	1.1	1.7	1.3	1.1	1.7
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	4.9	3.4	7.1	4.9	3.4	7.1
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	3.8	2.6	5.4	3.8	2.6	5.4
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	16,845	8,200	8,640	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without total income	410	190	225	2.4	2.3	2.6
With total income	16,430	8,010	8,420	97.5	97.7	97.5
Under $10,000 (including loss)	1,225	465	755	7.5	5.8	9.0
$10,000 to $19,999	1,875	680	1,195	11.4	8.5	14.2
$20,000 to $29,999	2,595	1,005	1,595	15.8	12.5	18.9
$30,000 to $39,999	2,305	965	1,340	14.0	12.0	15.9
$40,000 to $49,999	1,925	855	1,070	11.7	10.7	12.7
$50,000 to $59,999	1,600	760	840	9.7	9.5	10.0
$60,000 to $69,999	1,150	625	520	7.0	7.8	6.2
$70,000 to $79,999	885	565	320	5.4	7.1	3.8
$80,000 to $89,999	670	420	245	4.1	5.2	2.9
$90,000 to $99,999	555	385	175	3.4	4.8	2.1
$100,000 and over	1,655	1,285	370	10.1	16.0	4.4
$100,000 to $149,999	1,260	980	285	7.7	12.2	3.4
$150,000 and over	395	310	85	2.4	3.9	1.0
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	16,845	8,200	8,640	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without after-tax income	400	180	220	2.4	2.2	2.5
With after-tax income	16,440	8,020	8,425	97.6	97.8	97.5
Under $10,000 (including loss)	1,280	490	790	7.8	6.1	9.4
$10,000 to $19,999	1,940	705	1,240	11.8	8.8	14.7
$20,000 to $29,999	2,975	1,175	1,800	18.1	14.7	21.4
$30,000 to $39,999	2,620	1,100	1,520	15.9	13.7	18.0
$40,000 to $49,999	2,160	995	1,160	13.1	12.4	13.8
$50,000 to $59,999	1,610	870	745	9.8	10.8	8.8
$60,000 to $69,999	1,145	720	425	7.0	9.0	5.0
$70,000 to $79,999	835	545	285	5.1	6.8	3.4
$80,000 to $89,999	715	515	200	4.3	6.4	2.4
$90,000 to $99,999	425	320	105	2.6	4.0	1.2
$100,000 and over	730	575	160	4.4	7.2	1.9
$100,000 to $124,999	425	335	90	2.6	4.2	1.1
$125,000 and over	305	235	70	1.9	2.9	0.8
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	16,845	8,200	8,640	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without employment income	5,355	2,250	3,105	31.8	27.4	35.9
With employment income	11,490	5,950	5,535	68.2	72.6	64.1
Under $5,000 (including loss)	1,570	755	815	13.7	12.7	14.7
$5,000 to $9,999	835	345	495	7.3	5.8	8.9
$10,000 to $19,999	1,365	570	795	11.9	9.6	14.4
$20,000 to $29,999	1,165	485	675	10.1	8.2	12.2
$30,000 to $39,999	1,090	455	635	9.5	7.6	11.5
$40,000 to $49,999	1,060	475	585	9.2	8.0	10.6
$50,000 to $59,999	955	425	525	8.3	7.1	9.5
$60,000 to $69,999	650	375	280	5.7	6.3	5.1
$70,000 to $79,999	580	385	200	5.0	6.5	3.6
$80,000 to $89,999	485	330	160	4.2	5.5	2.9
$90,000 to $99,999	455	315	135	4.0	5.3	2.4
$100,000 and over	1,270	1,040	235	11.1	17.5	4.2
$100,000 to $124,999	745	595	150	6.5	10.0	2.7
$125,000 and over	530	445	85	4.6	7.5	1.5
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	16,840	8,200	8,640	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	16,080	7,825	8,255	95.5	95.4	95.5
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	38,400	50,400	31,400	38,400	50,400	31,400
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	16,110	7,830	8,280	95.7	95.5	95.8
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	34,800	44,000	28,800	34,800	44,000	28,800
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	14,695	7,310	7,385	87.3	89.1	85.5
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	34,400	46,000	26,400	34,400	46,000	26,400
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	12,130	6,220	5,910	72.0	75.9	68.4
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	34,400	46,000	27,400	34,400	46,000	27,400
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	11,505	4,920	6,590	68.3	60.0	76.3
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	9,200	9,700	8,800	9,200	9,700	8,800
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	1,330	645	690	7.9	7.9	8.0
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	5,000	5,360	4,680	5,000	5,360	4,680
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	16,845	8,200	8,640	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	16,140	7,855	8,290	95.8	95.8	95.9
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	49,640	61,450	38,480	49,640	61,450	38,480
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	16,155	7,855	8,295	95.9	95.8	96.0
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	42,120	50,880	33,760	42,120	50,880	33,760
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	14,910	7,415	7,495	88.5	90.4	86.7
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	45,960	58,200	33,800	45,960	58,200	33,800
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	12,245	6,260	5,980	72.7	76.3	69.2
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	45,000	56,550	32,880	45,000	56,550	32,880
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	11,660	4,995	6,665	69.2	60.9	77.1
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	9,980	10,190	9,820	9,980	10,190	9,820
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	1,365	685	680	8.1	8.4	7.9
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,530	6,240	6,820	6,530	6,240	6,820
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	16,840	8,205	8,640	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	5,020	2,925	2,090	29.8	35.6	24.2
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	59,200	70,000	48,800	59,200	70,000	48,800
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	66,600	76,100	53,250	66,600	76,100	53,250
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	4,785	2,175	2,610	28.4	26.5	30.2
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	25,200	32,000	20,800	25,200	32,000	20,800
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	36,200	48,400	26,040	36,200	48,400	26,040
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	85.4	89.4	79.4	85.4	89.4	79.4
Employment income (%)	68.8	73.4	61.7	68.8	73.4	61.7
Government transfers (%)	14.5	10.5	20.5	14.5	10.5	20.5
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.1	0.9	1.5	1.1	0.9	1.5
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	8,780	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	80,000	...	...	80,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	72,500	...	...	72,500	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	2,595	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	39,600	...	...	39,600	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	36,000	...	...	36,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	6,185	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	101,000	...	...	101,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	90,000	...	...	90,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	8,780	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	95,500	...	...	95,500	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	82,400	...	...	82,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	2,585	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	49,720	...	...	49,720	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	43,040	...	...	43,040	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	6,195	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	114,600	...	...	114,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	98,800	...	...	98,800	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	8,780	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	45	...	...	0.5	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	20	...	...	0.2	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	75	...	...	0.9	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	180	...	...	2.1	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	395	...	...	4.5	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	310	...	...	3.5	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	305	...	...	3.5	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	360	...	...	4.1	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	360	...	...	4.1	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	385	...	...	4.4	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	670	...	...	7.6	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	655	...	...	7.5	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	595	...	...	6.8	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	575	...	...	6.5	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	525	...	...	6.0	...	...
$100,000 and over	3,330	...	...	37.9	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,060	...	...	12.1	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	780	...	...	8.9	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	905	...	...	10.3	...	...
$200,000 and over	585	...	...	6.7	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	8,780	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	60	...	...	0.7	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	25	...	...	0.3	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	75	...	...	0.9	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	180	...	...	2.1	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	410	...	...	4.7	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	370	...	...	4.2	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	365	...	...	4.2	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	390	...	...	4.4	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	430	...	...	4.9	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	435	...	...	5.0	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	760	...	...	8.7	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	710	...	...	8.1	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	725	...	...	8.3	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	615	...	...	7.0	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	565	...	...	6.4	...	...
$100,000 and over	2,670	...	...	30.4	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,145	...	...	13.0	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	665	...	...	7.6	...	...
$150,000 and over	855	...	...	9.7	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	5,855	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	101,000	...	...	101,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	90,000	...	...	90,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.8	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	2,790	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	91,000	...	...	91,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	81,000	...	...	81,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	2,000	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	136,000	...	...	136,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	117,000	...	...	117,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	3.9	...	...	3.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	910	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	66,000	...	...	66,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	62,000	...	...	62,000	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	3,665	1,740	1,925	...	...	...
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	37,200	40,800	34,800	37,200	40,800	34,800
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	34,400	36,800	32,400	34,400	36,800	32,400
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	5,875	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	113,800	...	...	113,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	97,900	...	...	97,900	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	2,775	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	101,900	...	...	101,900	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	88,200	...	...	88,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	2,015	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	149,000	...	...	149,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	126,000	...	...	126,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	890	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	73,600	...	...	73,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	66,200	...	...	66,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	3,645	1,770	1,875	...	...	...
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	46,680	53,700	40,040	46,680	53,700	40,040
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	40,720	45,400	36,280	40,720	45,400	36,280
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	19,845	9,735	10,105	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	3,645	1,865	1,780	18.4	19.2	17.6
0 to 5 years	1,065	545	520	5.4	5.6	5.1
18 to 64 years	11,710	5,785	5,920	59.0	59.4	58.6
65 years and over	4,490	2,090	2,400	22.6	21.5	23.8
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	1,795	765	1,025	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	340	165	170	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	105	50	55	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	870	400	470	...	...	...
65 years and over	590	200	390	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	9.1	7.9	10.2	9.1	7.9	10.2
0 to 17 years (%)	9.3	8.8	9.7	9.3	8.8	9.7
0 to 5 years (%)	9.6	8.8	10.4	9.6	8.8	10.4
18 to 64 years (%)	7.4	6.9	7.9	7.4	6.9	7.9
65 years and over (%)	13.1	9.6	16.1	13.1	9.6	16.1
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	19,845	9,735	10,110	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	3,645	1,865	1,780	18.4	19.2	17.6
0 to 5 years	1,065	550	520	5.4	5.6	5.1
18 to 64 years	11,705	5,785	5,925	59.0	59.4	58.6
65 years and over	4,490	2,085	2,405	22.6	21.4	23.8
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	445	225	215	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	90	40	50	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	25	10	10	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	310	170	135	...	...	...
65 years and over	45	15	30	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	2.3	2.3	2.2	2.3	2.3	2.2
0 to 17 years (%)	2.6	2.3	2.9	2.6	2.3	2.9
0 to 5 years (%)	2.2	2.0	2.0	2.2	2.0	2.0
18 to 64 years (%)	2.6	2.9	2.4	2.6	2.9	2.4
65 years and over (%)	1.0	0.9	1.2	1.0	0.9	1.2
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	19,845	9,735	10,105	100.0	100.0	100.0
In bottom half of the distribution	9,815	4,585	5,225	49.5	47.1	51.7
In bottom decile	1,735	745	985	8.7	7.7	9.7
In second decile	1,875	865	1,010	9.4	8.9	10.0
In third decile	2,155	1,020	1,130	10.9	10.5	11.2
In fourth decile	2,000	940	1,060	10.1	9.7	10.5
In fifth decile	2,055	1,020	1,035	10.4	10.5	10.2
In top half of the distribution	10,030	5,150	4,885	50.5	52.9	48.3
In sixth decile	2,220	1,095	1,125	11.2	11.2	11.1
In seventh decile	2,085	1,055	1,030	10.5	10.8	10.2
In eighth decile	2,050	1,065	980	10.3	10.9	9.7
In ninth decile	2,205	1,165	1,045	11.1	12.0	10.3
In top decile	1,475	770	700	7.4	7.9	6.9
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	19,845	...	...	19,845	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.288	...	...	0.288	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.402	...	...	0.402	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.257	...	...	0.257	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.4	...	...	3.4	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	19,970	9,810	10,165	100.0	100.0	100.0
English only	19,070	9,405	9,670	95.5	95.9	95.1
French only	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and French	860	385	470	4.3	3.9	4.6
Neither English nor French	40	15	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	19,970	9,810	10,165	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	19,755	9,710	10,050	98.9	99.0	98.9
French	170	80	90	0.9	0.8	0.9
English and French	15	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Neither English nor French	30	15	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	19,970	9,810	10,165	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	19,700	9,680	10,025	98.6	98.7	98.6
Official languages	18,435	9,090	9,345	92.3	92.7	91.9
English	18,250	9,000	9,250	91.4	91.7	91.0
French	185	90	95	0.9	0.9	0.9
Non-official languages	1,270	590	675	6.4	6.0	6.6
Indigenous languages³⁹	15	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Algonquian languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	1,255	585	665	6.3	6.0	6.5
Afro-Asiatic languages	10	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	10	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	105	30	75	0.5	0.3	0.7
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.0
Indonesian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	90	25	65	0.5	0.3	0.6
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	20	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	20	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	870	420	445	4.4	4.3	4.4
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	115	50	70	0.6	0.5	0.7
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	115	45	70	0.6	0.5	0.7
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	15	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.0
Russian	35	10	25	0.2	0.1	0.2
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.0
Serbian	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Ukrainian	25	15	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	300	135	170	1.5	1.4	1.7
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	200	85	110	1.0	0.9	1.1
German	190	80	105	1.0	0.8	1.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	15	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	80	40	40	0.4	0.4	0.4
Afrikaans	30	10	15	0.2	0.1	0.1
Dutch	45	20	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Danish	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Swedish	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	235	135	100	1.2	1.4	1.0
Indo-Aryan languages	230	130	100	1.2	1.3	1.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Hindi	40	25	15	0.2	0.3	0.1
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	165	90	75	0.8	0.9	0.7
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	205	100	105	1.0	1.0	1.0
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	110	55	55	0.6	0.6	0.5
Portuguese	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Romanian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	70	30	35	0.4	0.3	0.3
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	20	5	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Korean	50	30	20	0.3	0.3	0.2
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	110	50	60	0.6	0.5	0.6
Chinese languages	95	40	50	0.5	0.4	0.5
Hakka	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Mandarin	55	20	30	0.3	0.2	0.3
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	35	15	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	10	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Burmese	10	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	10	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Lao	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	30	10	15	0.2	0.1	0.1
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.0
Hungarian	20	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	270	125	140	1.4	1.3	1.4
English and French	45	20	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
English and non-official language(s)	205	95	105	1.0	1.0	1.0
French and non-official language(s)	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	15	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.0
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	19,970	9,810	10,165	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	18,800	9,255	9,545	94.1	94.3	93.9
French	30	10	15	0.2	0.1	0.1
Non-official language	185	90	90	0.9	0.9	0.9
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	185	90	90	0.9	0.9	0.9
English and French	80	40	45	0.4	0.4	0.4
English and non-official language(s)	825	385	445	4.1	3.9	4.4
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Multiple non-official languages	25	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	19,970	9,810	10,165	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	19,795	9,720	10,075	99.1	99.1	99.1
Official languages	19,360	9,500	9,850	96.9	96.8	96.9
English	19,320	9,485	9,835	96.7	96.7	96.8
French	35	20	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Non-official languages	440	215	220	2.2	2.2	2.2
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	435	215	220	2.2	2.2	2.2
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	35	15	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	270	135	135	1.4	1.4	1.3
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	25	15	15	0.1	0.2	0.1
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	15	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
German	15	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.0
Afrikaans	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	165	85	75	0.8	0.9	0.7
Indo-Aryan languages	160	80	75	0.8	0.8	0.7
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	15	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.0
Hindi	25	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	120	60	55	0.6	0.6	0.5
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	65	35	35	0.3	0.4	0.3
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	25	15	15	0.1	0.2	0.1
Portuguese	10	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	30	15	15	0.2	0.2	0.1
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	35	25	10	0.2	0.3	0.1
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.0
American Sign Language	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	55	25	25	0.3	0.3	0.2
Chinese languages	40	20	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	25	15	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.0
Burmese	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	180	90	95	0.9	0.9	0.9
English and French	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	165	80	85	0.8	0.8	0.8
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	19,970	9,805	10,165	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	19,150	9,430	9,725	95.9	96.2	95.7
English	175	80	90	0.9	0.8	0.9
French	70	30	40	0.4	0.3	0.4
Non-official language	455	205	255	2.3	2.1	2.5
Indigenous³⁹	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Non-Indigenous	435	195	245	2.2	2.0	2.4
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	60	35	30	0.3	0.4	0.3
French and non-official language(s)	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	40	20	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	19,845	9,735	10,110	100.0	100.0	100.0
Official languages	19,790	9,720	10,070	99.7	99.8	99.6
English	19,780	9,720	10,065	99.7	99.8	99.6
French	810	395	415	4.1	4.1	4.1
Non-official languages	1,920	880	1,040	9.7	9.0	10.3
Indigenous languages³⁹	45	20	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
Algonquian languages	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	25	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	1,875	860	1,010	9.4	8.8	10.0
Afro-Asiatic languages	30	20	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	30	20	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	15	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	40	15	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	35	15	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	220	95	120	1.1	1.0	1.2
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	200	90	115	1.0	0.9	1.1
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Creole languages	45	15	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	40	10	25	0.2	0.1	0.2
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	25	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.2
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	50	35	20	0.3	0.4	0.2
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	35	30	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	1,150	515	635	5.8	5.3	6.3
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	155	65	95	0.8	0.7	0.9
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	155	65	95	0.8	0.7	0.9
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	20	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	25	15	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Russian	70	30	40	0.4	0.3	0.4
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	35	15	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Serbian	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	55	25	25	0.3	0.3	0.2
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	390	160	230	2.0	1.6	2.3
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	235	90	145	1.2	0.9	1.4
German	225	90	140	1.1	0.9	1.4
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	150	70	80	0.8	0.7	0.8
Afrikaans	125	50	75	0.6	0.5	0.7
Dutch	35	25	10	0.2	0.3	0.1
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	25	15	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Danish	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	270	140	130	1.4	1.4	1.3
Indo-Aryan languages	265	140	130	1.3	1.4	1.3
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Hindi	170	90	80	0.9	0.9	0.8
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	230	115	110	1.2	1.2	1.1
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	350	150	200	1.8	1.5	2.0
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	125	60	65	0.6	0.6	0.6
Portuguese	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	215	85	135	1.1	0.9	1.3
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	40	25	15	0.2	0.3	0.1
Korean	35	20	15	0.2	0.2	0.1
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	25	15	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
American Sign Language	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	215	80	130	1.1	0.8	1.3
Chinese languages	190	80	110	1.0	0.8	1.1
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	130	55	70	0.7	0.6	0.7
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	35	15	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	60	25	40	0.3	0.3	0.4
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	30	0	20	0.2	0.0	0.2
Burmese	30	0	20	0.2	0.0	0.2
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	50	25	30	0.3	0.3	0.3
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	45	25	20	0.2	0.3	0.2
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	19,845	9,735	10,110	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	1,965	975	995	9.9	10.0	9.8
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	1,915	955	955	9.6	9.8	9.4
First Nations (North American Indian)	790	365	425	4.0	3.7	4.2
Métis	1,105	585	520	5.6	6.0	5.1
Inuk (Inuit)	20	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	40	20	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Non-Indigenous identity	17,875	8,760	9,115	90.1	90.0	90.2
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	19,845	9,735	10,110	100.0	100.0	100.0
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	510	220	290	2.6	2.3	2.9
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	19,330	9,515	9,815	97.4	97.7	97.1
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	8,780	...	...	100.0	...	...
Owner	6,455	...	...	73.5	...	...
Renter	2,320	...	...	26.4	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	8,780	...	...	100.0	...	...
Condominium	860	...	...	9.8	...	...
Not condominium	7,920	...	...	90.2	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	8,780	...	...	100.0	...	...
No bedrooms	30	...	...	0.3	...	...
1 bedroom	755	...	...	8.6	...	...
2 bedrooms	2,230	...	...	25.4	...	...
3 bedrooms	2,700	...	...	30.8	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	3,065	...	...	34.9	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	8,780	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	2,035	...	...	23.2	...	...
5 rooms	1,365	...	...	15.5	...	...
6 rooms	1,210	...	...	13.8	...	...
7 rooms	1,205	...	...	13.7	...	...
8 or more rooms	2,965	...	...	33.8	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.6	...	...	6.6	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	8,780	...	...	100.0	...	...
One person or fewer per room	8,730	...	...	99.4	...	...
More than one person per room	45	...	...	0.5	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	8,780	...	...	100.0	...	...
Suitable	8,570	...	...	97.6	...	...
Not suitable	205	...	...	2.3	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	8,780	...	...	100.0	...	...
1960 or before	1,495	...	...	17.0	...	...
1961 to 1980	3,450	...	...	39.3	...	...
1981 to 1990	945	...	...	10.8	...	...
1991 to 2000	1,365	...	...	15.5	...	...
2001 to 2005	290	...	...	3.3	...	...
2006 to 2010	530	...	...	6.0	...	...
2011 to 2015	385	...	...	4.4	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	320	...	...	3.6	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	8,780	...	...	100.0	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	8,240	...	...	93.8	...	...
Major repairs needed	545	...	...	6.2	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	8,780	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-maintainer household	4,540	...	...	51.7	...	...
Two-maintainer household	3,925	...	...	44.7	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	315	...	...	3.6	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	8,780	...	...	100.0	...	...
15 to 24 years	300	...	...	3.4	...	...
25 to 34 years	1,120	...	...	12.8	...	...
35 to 44 years	1,340	...	...	15.3	...	...
45 to 54 years	1,355	...	...	15.4	...	...
55 to 64 years	1,755	...	...	20.0	...	...
65 to 74 years	1,610	...	...	18.3	...	...
75 to 84 years	975	...	...	11.1	...	...
85 years and over	330	...	...	3.8	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	8,760	...	...	100.0	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	7,430	...	...	84.8	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	1,330	...	...	15.2	...	...
30% to less than 100%	1,235	...	...	14.1	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	8,780	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	1,935	...	...	22.0	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	1,220	...	...	13.9	...	...
Not suitable only	170	...	...	1.9	...	...
Major repairs needed only	405	...	...	4.6	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	105	...	...	1.2	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	30	...	...	0.3	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Acceptable housing	6,840	...	...	77.9	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	8,665	...	...	100.0	...	...
In core need	685	...	...	7.9	...	...
Not in core need	7,980	...	...	92.1	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	6,455	...	...	...	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	56.8	...	...	56.8	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	9.0	...	...	9.0	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	3.3	...	...	3.3	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	960	...	...	960	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,166	...	...	1,166	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	380,000	...	...	380,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	391,200	...	...	391,200	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	2,325	...	...	...	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	14.8	...	...	14.8	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	32.7	...	...	32.7	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	20.8	...	...	20.8	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	980	...	...	980	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,071	...	...	1,071	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	...	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	19,840	9,740	10,105	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	580	300	280	2.9	3.1	2.8
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	565	295	265	2.8	3.0	2.6
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	360	155	205	1.8	1.6	2.0
Métis single ancestry	195	140	60	1.0	1.4	0.6
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	1,530	745	790	7.7	7.6	7.8
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	1,485	720	765	7.5	7.4	7.6
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	820	405	415	4.1	4.2	4.1
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	645	320	330	3.3	3.3	3.3
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	50	25	25	0.3	0.3	0.2
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	50	25	25	0.3	0.3	0.2
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	17,735	8,695	9,045	89.4	89.3	89.5
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	19,840	9,735	10,105	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	18,910	9,300	9,615	95.3	95.5	95.2
Canadian citizens aged under 18	3,510	1,800	1,710	17.7	18.5	16.9
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	15,400	7,495	7,900	77.6	77.0	78.2
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	935	440	495	4.7	4.5	4.9
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	19,840	9,735	10,105	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	17,735	8,735	8,995	89.4	89.7	89.0
Immigrants⁸¹	1,735	820	915	8.7	8.4	9.1
Before 1980	700	355	350	3.5	3.6	3.5
1980 to 1990	155	55	95	0.8	0.6	0.9
1991 to 2000	145	55	95	0.7	0.6	0.9
2001 to 2010	240	120	115	1.2	1.2	1.1
2011 to 2021⁸²	495	240	255	2.5	2.5	2.5
2011 to 2015	200	80	125	1.0	0.8	1.2
2016 to 2021	295	160	135	1.5	1.6	1.3
Non-permanent residents⁸³	375	180	190	1.9	1.8	1.9
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	1,735	820	920	100.0	100.0	100.0
Under 5 years	185	125	60	10.7	15.2	6.5
5 to 14 years	310	135	170	17.9	16.5	18.5
15 to 24 years	355	160	190	20.5	19.5	20.7
25 to 44 years	795	340	455	45.8	41.5	49.5
45 years and over	95	60	45	5.5	7.3	4.9
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	1,735	820	920	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	360	145	220	20.7	17.7	23.9
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
El Salvador	15	0	0	0.9	0.0	0.0
Guyana	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	105	45	60	6.1	5.5	6.5
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	205	75	130	11.8	9.1	14.1
Other places of birth in Americas	15	10	0	0.9	1.2	0.0
Europe	750	370	375	43.2	45.1	40.8
Bosnia and Herzegovina	15	0	15	0.9	0.0	1.6
Croatia	20	10	10	1.2	1.2	1.1
France	15	0	10	0.9	0.0	1.1
Germany	115	35	80	6.6	4.3	8.7
Greece	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	15	10	0	0.9	1.2	0.0
Italy	75	45	30	4.3	5.5	3.3
Netherlands	25	20	0	1.4	2.4	0.0
Poland	10	0	10	0.6	0.0	1.1
Portugal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	10	0	0	0.6	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	55	30	25	3.2	3.7	2.7
United Kingdom⁸⁷	290	155	135	16.7	18.9	14.7
Other places of birth in Europe	85	45	40	4.9	5.5	4.3
Africa	155	75	75	8.9	9.1	8.2
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	25	25	0	1.4	3.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	90	35	50	5.2	4.3	5.4
Other places of birth in Africa	30	15	20	1.7	1.8	2.2
Asia	445	210	240	25.6	25.6	26.1
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	50	25	25	2.9	3.0	2.7
Hong Kong⁹¹	15	10	0	0.9	1.2	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	30	15	15	1.7	1.8	1.6
Taiwan	35	15	20	2.0	1.8	2.2
Philippines	175	70	100	10.1	8.5	10.9
Viet Nam	20	0	15	1.2	0.0	1.6
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	45	20	25	2.6	2.4	2.7
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	55	25	30	3.2	3.0	3.3
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	30	20	10	1.7	2.4	1.1
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	295	160	135	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	130	65	65	44.1	40.6	48.1
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	100	45	55	33.9	28.1	40.7
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	25	10	10	8.5	6.3	7.4
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Americas	10	0	0	3.4	0.0	0.0
Europe	20	10	10	6.8	6.3	7.4
France	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	10	10	0	3.4	6.3	0.0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Africa	25	15	10	8.5	9.4	7.4
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asia	110	60	50	37.3	37.5	37.0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	20	10	15	6.8	6.3	11.1
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	90	50	40	30.5	31.3	29.6
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania and other⁹³	10	10	0	3.4	6.3	0.0
Australia	10	10	0	3.4	6.3	0.0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	19,845	9,735	10,110	100.0	100.0	100.0
First generation¹⁰⁰	2,220	1,065	1,155	11.2	10.9	11.4
Second generation¹⁰¹	2,910	1,415	1,495	14.7	14.5	14.8
Third generation or more¹⁰²	14,710	7,250	7,460	74.1	74.5	73.8
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	1,035	465	570	100.0	100.0	100.0
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	610	310	295	58.9	66.7	51.8
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	280	170	105	27.1	36.6	18.4
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	330	140	185	31.9	30.1	32.5
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	365	120	240	35.3	25.8	42.1
Refugees¹⁰⁸	55	25	25	5.3	5.4	4.4
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	10	10	0	1.0	2.2	0.0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	1,035	465	570	100.0	100.0	100.0
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	260	110	145	25.1	23.7	25.4
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	60	10	50	5.8	2.2	8.8
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	85	35	40	8.2	7.5	7.0
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	20	0	20	1.9	0.0	3.5
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	610	300	315	58.9	64.5	55.3
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	19,845	9,735	10,110	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	1,375	675	700	6.9	6.9	6.9
South Asian	365	185	180	1.8	1.9	1.8
Chinese	240	105	140	1.2	1.1	1.4
Black	190	95	95	1.0	1.0	0.9
Filipino	270	120	150	1.4	1.2	1.5
Arab	15	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Latin American	70	25	45	0.4	0.3	0.4
Southeast Asian	115	55	60	0.6	0.6	0.6
West Asian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	30	20	15	0.2	0.2	0.1
Japanese	55	45	10	0.3	0.5	0.1
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple visible minorities	25	15	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	18,465	9,065	9,405	93.0	93.1	93.0
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	19,845	9,735	10,110	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian	2,810	1,400	1,410	14.2	14.4	13.9
English	6,370	3,040	3,330	32.1	31.2	32.9
Irish	3,665	1,660	2,005	18.5	17.1	19.8
Scottish	4,400	2,135	2,270	22.2	21.9	22.5
French, n.o.s.¹²²	2,135	1,070	1,065	10.8	11.0	10.5
German	3,645	1,740	1,905	18.4	17.9	18.8
Chinese	200	95	110	1.0	1.0	1.1
Italian	1,280	680	600	6.4	7.0	5.9
Indian (India)	235	120	120	1.2	1.2	1.2
Ukrainian	1,280	645	635	6.4	6.6	6.3
Dutch	875	470	400	4.4	4.8	4.0
Polish	615	250	365	3.1	2.6	3.6
Québécois	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	715	410	300	3.6	4.2	3.0
Filipino	205	75	130	1.0	0.8	1.3
French Canadian	185	95	100	0.9	1.0	1.0
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	340	165	170	1.7	1.7	1.7
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	575	250	325	2.9	2.6	3.2
Métis	905	480	420	4.6	4.9	4.2
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	450	255	195	2.3	2.6	1.9
Russian	665	320	345	3.4	3.3	3.4
Norwegian	1,060	480	580	5.3	4.9	5.7
Welsh	535	235	300	2.7	2.4	3.0
Portuguese	55	25	25	0.3	0.3	0.2
American	350	145	200	1.8	1.5	2.0
Spanish	145	55	90	0.7	0.6	0.9
Swedish	800	380	415	4.0	3.9	4.1
Hungarian	315	145	175	1.6	1.5	1.7
Acadian	25	25	0	0.1	0.3	0.0
Pakistani	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	70	30	40	0.4	0.3	0.4
Jewish	60	35	25	0.3	0.4	0.2
Punjabi	60	40	20	0.3	0.4	0.2
Vietnamese	35	15	15	0.2	0.2	0.1
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Greek	45	35	10	0.2	0.4	0.1
Jamaican	45	20	30	0.2	0.2	0.3
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	95	50	45	0.5	0.5	0.4
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	165	75	90	0.8	0.8	0.9
Korean	30	15	15	0.2	0.2	0.1
Romanian	150	75	75	0.8	0.8	0.7
Lebanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	30	15	15	0.2	0.2	0.1
Danish	305	130	175	1.5	1.3	1.7
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	145	90	55	0.7	0.9	0.5
Sikh	40	10	25	0.2	0.1	0.2
Austrian	210	80	130	1.1	0.8	1.3
Belgian	95	40	50	0.5	0.4	0.5
Haitian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindu	35	10	30	0.2	0.1	0.3
Mexican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mennonite	85	25	55	0.4	0.3	0.5
Swiss	75	20	60	0.4	0.2	0.6
Finnish	155	50	110	0.8	0.5	1.1
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	95	55	35	0.5	0.6	0.3
Japanese	65	45	25	0.3	0.5	0.2
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	40	25	15	0.2	0.3	0.1
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	235	105	130	1.2	1.1	1.3
Muslim	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egyptian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	110	75	35	0.6	0.8	0.3
Colombian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moroccan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	100	50	50	0.5	0.5	0.5
Syrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afghan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Ojibway	45	20	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
Newfoundlander	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Hong Konger	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigerian	30	15	15	0.2	0.2	0.1
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	55	35	20	0.3	0.4	0.2
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	65	30	35	0.3	0.3	0.3
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwanese	70	30	45	0.4	0.3	0.4
Iraqi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquin	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South African	125	65	60	0.6	0.7	0.6
Australian	55	30	25	0.3	0.3	0.2
Palestinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chilean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congolese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	25	15	15	0.1	0.2	0.1
Peruvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovenian	35	15	15	0.2	0.2	0.1
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	20	15	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Canadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israeli	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	80	30	50	0.4	0.3	0.5
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albertan	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African American	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Tunisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	40	15	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
Cuban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guatemalan	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Indonesian	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Laotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Irish	50	15	35	0.3	0.2	0.3
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
British Columbian	165	70	95	0.8	0.7	0.9
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jatt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Dominican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Byelorussian	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Abenaki	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	25	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
New Zealander	30	15	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
Sudanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Breton	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania Dutch	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plains Cree	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gaspesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norman	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteaux	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Manitoban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Honduran	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cherokee	30	20	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Flemish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Goan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	30	0	20	0.2	0.0	0.2
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamileke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Libyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Basque	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igorot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guinean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maliseet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Beninese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Roma	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tajik	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amhara	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	19,845	9,735	10,110	100.0	100.0	100.0
Buddhist	85	35	55	0.4	0.4	0.5
Christian	8,060	3,600	4,460	40.6	37.0	44.1
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	2,035	980	1,055	10.3	10.1	10.4
Anabaptist	55	20	35	0.3	0.2	0.3
Anglican	570	230	345	2.9	2.4	3.4
Baptist	290	115	180	1.5	1.2	1.8
Catholic	2,500	1,115	1,385	12.6	11.5	13.7
Christian Orthodox	100	55	50	0.5	0.6	0.5
Jehovah's Witness	165	50	110	0.8	0.5	1.1
Latter Day Saints	220	105	115	1.1	1.1	1.1
Lutheran	340	135	205	1.7	1.4	2.0
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	50	20	30	0.3	0.2	0.3
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	210	85	125	1.1	0.9	1.2
Presbyterian	190	85	110	1.0	0.9	1.1
Reformed	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Church	800	375	425	4.0	3.9	4.2
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	535	240	290	2.7	2.5	2.9
Hindu	120	50	75	0.6	0.5	0.7
Jewish	15	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Muslim	45	30	20	0.2	0.3	0.2
Sikh	155	85	70	0.8	0.9	0.7
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	25	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.2
Other religions and spiritual traditions	150	60	85	0.8	0.6	0.8
No religion and secular perspectives	11,190	5,860	5,325	56.4	60.2	52.7
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	19,715	9,675	10,045	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	17,090	8,440	8,645	86.7	87.2	86.1
Movers	2,635	1,235	1,395	13.4	12.8	13.9
Non-migrants	1,595	735	860	8.1	7.6	8.6
Migrants	1,040	505	535	5.3	5.2	5.3
Internal migrants	1,000	495	505	5.1	5.1	5.0
Intraprovincial migrants	600	275	320	3.0	2.8	3.2
Interprovincial migrants	400	215	185	2.0	2.2	1.8
External migrants	40	10	35	0.2	0.1	0.3
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	18,960	9,285	9,675	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	10,745	5,285	5,460	56.7	56.9	56.4
Movers	8,215	3,995	4,215	43.3	43.0	43.6
Non-migrants	3,580	1,735	1,850	18.9	18.7	19.1
Migrants	4,630	2,260	2,370	24.4	24.3	24.5
Internal migrants	4,205	2,075	2,130	22.2	22.3	22.0
Intraprovincial migrants	2,945	1,425	1,525	15.5	15.3	15.8
Interprovincial migrants	1,255	650	605	6.6	7.0	6.3
External migrants	425	190	235	2.2	2.0	2.4
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	16,840	8,205	8,640	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	3,000	1,610	1,390	17.8	19.6	16.1
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	13,840	6,590	7,250	82.2	80.3	83.9
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	10,135	5,060	5,080	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	1,080	595	485	10.7	11.8	9.5
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	9,055	4,465	4,590	89.3	88.2	90.4
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	16,840	8,200	8,640	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	2,620	1,325	1,295	15.6	16.2	15.0
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	5,630	2,735	2,895	33.4	33.4	33.5
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	8,595	4,140	4,450	51.0	50.5	51.5
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	6,155	3,035	3,125	36.5	37.0	36.2
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	1,805	1,470	340	10.7	17.9	3.9
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	565	310	255	3.4	3.8	3.0
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	1,235	1,160	75	7.3	14.1	0.9
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	3,930	1,415	2,515	23.3	17.3	29.1
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	425	150	275	2.5	1.8	3.2
Bachelor's degree or higher	2,435	1,110	1,325	14.5	13.5	15.3
Bachelor's degree	1,660	745	915	9.9	9.1	10.6
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	130	50	75	0.8	0.6	0.9
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	100	80	15	0.6	1.0	0.2
Master's degree	510	210	305	3.0	2.6	3.5
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	40	20	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	10,135	5,060	5,075	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	930	505	430	9.2	10.0	8.5
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	3,210	1,720	1,490	31.7	34.0	29.4
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	5,995	2,835	3,155	59.2	56.0	62.2
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	4,210	2,085	2,130	41.5	41.2	42.0
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	1,175	995	185	11.6	19.7	3.6
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	340	195	145	3.4	3.9	2.9
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	840	795	40	8.3	15.7	0.8
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	2,750	990	1,755	27.1	19.6	34.6
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	290	100	185	2.9	2.0	3.6
Bachelor's degree or higher	1,780	755	1,025	17.6	14.9	20.2
Bachelor's degree	1,245	525	720	12.3	10.4	14.2
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	95	45	45	0.9	0.9	0.9
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	50	40	15	0.5	0.8	0.3
Master's degree	365	130	235	3.6	2.6	4.6
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	25	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	16,840	8,200	8,640	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	8,250	4,065	4,190	49.0	49.6	48.5
Education	685	130	560	4.1	1.6	6.5
13. Education	685	130	560	4.1	1.6	6.5
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	190	115	75	1.1	1.4	0.9
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	45	40	0	0.3	0.5	0.0
50. Visual and performing arts	140	75	65	0.8	0.9	0.8
Humanities	270	155	115	1.6	1.9	1.3
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
23. English language and literature/letters	45	15	25	0.3	0.2	0.3
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	130	75	55	0.8	0.9	0.6
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	20	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
39. Theology and religious vocations	35	20	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
54. History	30	20	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	620	190	430	3.7	2.3	5.0
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	20	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.2
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	55	25	25	0.3	0.3	0.3
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	160	10	150	1.0	0.1	1.7
22. Legal professions and studies	105	15	90	0.6	0.2	1.0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
42. Psychology	105	45	60	0.6	0.5	0.7
45. Social sciences	165	85	80	1.0	1.0	0.9
Business, management and public administration	1,870	640	1,235	11.1	7.8	14.3
30.16 Accounting and computer science	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
44. Public administration and social service professions	180	35	140	1.1	0.4	1.6
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	1,685	595	1,085	10.0	7.3	12.6
Physical and life sciences and technologies	265	135	130	1.6	1.6	1.5
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	75	35	45	0.4	0.4	0.5
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	85	35	50	0.5	0.4	0.6
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
40. Physical sciences	80	70	10	0.5	0.9	0.1
41. Science technologies/technicians	20	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.2
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	160	75	90	1.0	0.9	1.0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	125	70	60	0.7	0.9	0.7
25. Library science	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
27. Mathematics and statistics	20	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.2
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	2,020	1,895	125	12.0	23.1	1.4
04. Architecture and related services	50	30	20	0.3	0.4	0.2
14. Engineering	105	85	25	0.6	1.0	0.3
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	405	360	45	2.4	4.4	0.5
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	605	595	10	3.6	7.3	0.1
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	615	585	25	3.7	7.1	0.3
48. Precision production	240	235	0	1.4	2.9	0.0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	295	210	90	1.8	2.6	1.0
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	65	35	30	0.4	0.4	0.3
03. Natural resources and conservation	235	175	55	1.4	2.1	0.6
Health and related fields	1,625	270	1,350	9.6	3.3	15.6
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	150	70	85	0.9	0.9	1.0
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	1,415	165	1,250	8.4	2.0	14.5
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	50	40	15	0.3	0.5	0.2
Personal, protective and transportation services	590	325	260	3.5	4.0	3.0
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	330	105	225	2.0	1.3	2.6
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	95	65	30	0.6	0.8	0.3
49. Transportation and materials moving	160	155	0	1.0	1.9	0.0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	10,135	5,055	5,080	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	4,145	2,225	1,920	40.9	44.0	37.8
Education	445	75	375	4.4	1.5	7.4
13. Education	445	75	375	4.4	1.5	7.4
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	125	90	35	1.2	1.8	0.7
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	30	30	0	0.3	0.6	0.0
50. Visual and performing arts	95	65	30	0.9	1.3	0.6
Humanities	210	120	90	2.1	2.4	1.8
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
23. English language and literature/letters	40	15	25	0.4	0.3	0.5
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	100	50	45	1.0	1.0	0.9
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	15	15	0	0.1	0.3	0.0
39. Theology and religious vocations	25	15	10	0.2	0.3	0.2
54. History	20	15	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	480	120	365	4.7	2.4	7.2
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.3
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	40	20	20	0.4	0.4	0.4
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	130	10	120	1.3	0.2	2.4
22. Legal professions and studies	90	15	80	0.9	0.3	1.6
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	15	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
42. Psychology	70	20	45	0.7	0.4	0.9
45. Social sciences	115	50	65	1.1	1.0	1.3
Business, management and public administration	1,340	460	880	13.2	9.1	17.3
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	155	30	125	1.5	0.6	2.5
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	1,185	435	755	11.7	8.6	14.9
Physical and life sciences and technologies	150	70	80	1.5	1.4	1.6
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	50	15	35	0.5	0.3	0.7
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	45	20	25	0.4	0.4	0.5
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
40. Physical sciences	40	35	10	0.4	0.7	0.2
41. Science technologies/technicians	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	130	65	70	1.3	1.3	1.4
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	115	60	55	1.1	1.2	1.1
25. Library science	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
27. Mathematics and statistics	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	1,370	1,295	75	13.5	25.6	1.5
04. Architecture and related services	40	20	20	0.4	0.4	0.4
14. Engineering	80	65	15	0.8	1.3	0.3
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	260	235	20	2.6	4.6	0.4
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	415	415	0	4.1	8.2	0.0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	400	380	10	3.9	7.5	0.2
48. Precision production	175	170	0	1.7	3.4	0.0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	215	145	70	2.1	2.9	1.4
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	45	20	30	0.4	0.4	0.6
03. Natural resources and conservation	170	130	45	1.7	2.6	0.9
Health and related fields	1,125	195	935	11.1	3.9	18.4
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	115	55	60	1.1	1.1	1.2
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	975	115	860	9.6	2.3	16.9
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	35	20	15	0.3	0.4	0.3
Personal, protective and transportation services	385	210	180	3.8	4.2	3.5
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	200	55	150	2.0	1.1	3.0
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	85	50	30	0.8	1.0	0.6
49. Transportation and materials moving	100	100	0	1.0	2.0	0.0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	10,135	5,055	5,080	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	4,145	2,225	1,920	40.9	44.0	37.8
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	5,995	2,840	3,160	59.2	56.2	62.2
Location of study inside Canada	5,350	2,540	2,820	52.8	50.2	55.5
Same as province or territory of residence	3,630	1,660	1,975	35.8	32.8	38.9
Different than province or territory of residence	1,720	880	840	17.0	17.4	16.5
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	640	300	340	6.3	5.9	6.7
Americas	180	70	110	1.8	1.4	2.2
United States of America	160	60	100	1.6	1.2	2.0
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peru	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Europe	90	50	35	0.9	1.0	0.7
Belgium	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germany	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Netherlands	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Switzerland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	20	15	15	0.2	0.3	0.3
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	40	40	0	0.4	0.8	0.0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Europe	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Africa	75	35	40	0.7	0.7	0.8
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	50	20	30	0.5	0.4	0.6
Other locations of study in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asia	280	125	155	2.8	2.5	3.1
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwan	30	20	10	0.3	0.4	0.2
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	15	10	10	0.1	0.2	0.2
Philippines	105	40	65	1.0	0.8	1.3
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	115	55	60	1.1	1.1	1.2
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania	20	15	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
Australia	20	15	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
New Zealand	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	16,845	8,200	8,640	...	...	...
In the labour force	10,400	5,335	5,065	...	...	...
Employed	9,640	4,965	4,675	...	...	...
Unemployed	765	370	395	...	...	...
Not in the labour force	6,435	2,870	3,570	...	...	...
Participation rate	61.7	65.1	58.6	61.7	65.1	58.6
Employment rate	57.2	60.5	54.1	57.2	60.5	54.1
Unemployment rate	7.4	6.9	7.8	7.4	6.9	7.8
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	16,840	8,200	8,640	100.0	100.0	100.0
Did not work¹⁸⁶	6,510	2,855	3,655	38.7	34.8	42.3
Worked	10,330	5,345	4,985	61.3	65.2	57.7
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	5,120	2,980	2,135	30.4	36.3	24.7
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	5,210	2,365	2,850	30.9	28.8	33.0
Average weeks worked in reference year	41.5	42.3	40.6	41.5	42.3	40.6
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	10,405	5,330	5,070	100.0	100.0	100.0
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	200	85	115	1.9	1.6	2.3
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	10,200	5,245	4,955	98.0	98.4	97.7
Employee	8,985	4,570	4,420	86.4	85.7	87.2
Permanent position	7,700	4,035	3,665	74.0	75.7	72.3
Temporary position	1,290	535	750	12.4	10.0	14.8
Fixed term (1 year or more)	285	110	175	2.7	2.1	3.5
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	1,005	425	575	9.7	8.0	11.3
Self-employed¹⁹²	1,215	680	540	11.7	12.8	10.7
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	10,405	5,330	5,070	100.0	100.0	100.0
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	200	85	115	1.9	1.6	2.3
All occupations¹⁹¹	10,200	5,245	4,955	98.0	98.4	97.7
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	75	40	40	0.7	0.8	0.8
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	1,460	375	1,090	14.0	7.0	21.5
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	475	370	100	4.6	6.9	2.0
3 Health occupations	855	130	720	8.2	2.4	14.2
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	1,115	385	730	10.7	7.2	14.4
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	270	105	165	2.6	2.0	3.3
6 Sales and service occupations	2,970	1,135	1,835	28.5	21.3	36.2
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	2,360	2,175	185	22.7	40.8	3.6
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	340	275	65	3.3	5.2	1.3
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	285	255	30	2.7	4.8	0.6
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	10,405	5,330	5,070	100.0	100.0	100.0
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	200	85	115	1.9	1.6	2.3
All industries¹⁹¹	10,200	5,245	4,955	98.0	98.4	97.7
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	115	95	25	1.1	1.8	0.5
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	495	475	20	4.8	8.9	0.4
22 Utilities	45	35	10	0.4	0.7	0.2
23 Construction	855	730	130	8.2	13.7	2.6
31-33 Manufacturing	470	375	90	4.5	7.0	1.8
41 Wholesale trade	260	215	45	2.5	4.0	0.9
44-45 Retail trade	1,720	735	985	16.5	13.8	19.4
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	570	460	110	5.5	8.6	2.2
51 Information and cultural industries	135	90	45	1.3	1.7	0.9
52 Finance and insurance	310	100	210	3.0	1.9	4.1
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	130	55	75	1.2	1.0	1.5
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	435	220	210	4.2	4.1	4.1
55 Management of companies and enterprises	20	15	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	405	235	170	3.9	4.4	3.4
61 Educational services	710	205	500	6.8	3.8	9.9
62 Health care and social assistance	1,465	255	1,205	14.1	4.8	23.8
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	240	105	130	2.3	2.0	2.6
72 Accommodation and food services	785	285	500	7.5	5.3	9.9
81 Other services (except public administration)	505	250	255	4.9	4.7	5.0
91 Public administration	535	300	235	5.1	5.6	4.6
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	11,195	5,720	5,475	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	11,060	5,690	5,370	98.8	99.5	98.1
French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-official language	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
English and French	45	0	40	0.4	0.0	0.7
English and non-official language(s)	75	15	60	0.7	0.3	1.1
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	11,195	5,720	5,475	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	11,195	5,720	5,475	100.0	100.0	100.0
Official languages	11,185	5,715	5,470	99.9	99.9	99.9
English	11,185	5,715	5,470	99.9	99.9	99.9
French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-official languages	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	11,195	5,720	5,475	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	11,070	5,700	5,370	98.9	99.7	98.1
English	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French	45	0	40	0.4	0.0	0.7
Non-official language	75	15	60	0.7	0.3	1.1
Indigenous³⁹	40	0	35	0.4	0.0	0.6
Non-Indigenous	35	10	25	0.3	0.2	0.5
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	9,635	4,965	4,675	100.0	100.0	100.0
Worked at home	885	350	535	9.2	7.0	11.4
Worked outside Canada	30	20	10	0.3	0.4	0.2
No fixed workplace address	1,520	1,180	345	15.8	23.8	7.4
Usual place of work	7,205	3,415	3,785	74.8	68.8	81.0
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	7,200	3,415	3,785	100.0	100.0	100.0
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	5,675	2,330	3,340	78.8	68.2	88.2
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	1,040	795	240	14.4	23.3	6.3
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	75	60	15	1.0	1.8	0.4
Commute to a different province or territory	415	225	190	5.8	6.6	5.0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	8,725	4,595	4,130	100.0	100.0	100.0
Car, truck or van	7,620	4,120	3,495	87.3	89.7	84.6
Car, truck or van - as a driver	6,935	3,795	3,145	79.5	82.6	76.2
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	685	330	350	7.9	7.2	8.5
Public transit	70	45	25	0.8	1.0	0.6
Walked	795	305	485	9.1	6.6	11.7
Bicycle	85	50	35	1.0	1.1	0.8
Other method	160	75	85	1.8	1.6	2.1
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	8,725	4,595	4,130	100.0	100.0	100.0
Less than 15 minutes	5,920	2,735	3,190	67.9	59.5	77.2
15 to 29 minutes	1,360	725	640	15.6	15.8	15.5
30 to 44 minutes	525	345	185	6.0	7.5	4.5
45 to 59 minutes	295	245	50	3.4	5.3	1.2
60 minutes and over	620	550	70	7.1	12.0	1.7
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	8,725	4,595	4,130	100.0	100.0	100.0
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	600	455	145	6.9	9.9	3.5
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	1,275	780	495	14.6	17.0	12.0
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	2,050	1,240	810	23.5	27.0	19.6
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	2,265	875	1,395	26.0	19.0	33.8
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	1,215	455	755	13.9	9.9	18.3
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	1,320	785	535	15.1	17.1	13.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	3,725	1,915	1,815	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	155	80	70	4.2	4.2	3.9
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	3,575	1,830	1,740	96.0	95.6	95.9
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	2,780	1,420	1,365	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	120	70	55	4.3	4.9	4.0
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	45	25	20	1.6	1.8	1.5
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	75	40	35	2.7	2.8	2.6
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	2,660	1,350	1,310	95.7	95.1	96.0

Symbol legend

...
not applicable
^E
use with caution. Refer to the 2021 population and dwelling count amendments or the 2016 population and dwelling count amendments for further information.

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 30, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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