Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	Québec, Ville (V)More information: Quebec [Census subdivision] Remove						24230981More information: Quebec [Dissemination area] Remove						QuebecMore information: [Province] Remove
	Counts			Rates			Counts			Rates			Counts			Rates
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	549,459	...	...	...	...	...	532	...	...	...	...	...	8,501,833	...	...	...	...	...
Population, 2016¹	531,902	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	8,164,361	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	3.3	...	...	3.3	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	4.1	...	...	4.1	...	...
Total private dwellings²	283,219	...	...	...	...	...	197	...	...	...	...	...	4,050,164	...	...	...	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	265,711	...	...	...	...	...	192	...	...	...	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	...	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	1,214.8	...	...	1,214.8	...	...	3,403.7	...	...	3,403.7	...	...	6.5	...	...	6.5	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	452.30	...	...	...	...	...	0.16	...	...	...	...	...	1,298,599.75	...	...	...	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	549,460	267,585	281,870	100.0	100.0	100.0	530	260	270	100.0	100.0	100.0	8,501,835	4,201,960	4,299,870	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	81,030	41,355	39,675	14.7	15.5	14.1	130	55	75	24.5	21.2	27.8	1,391,360	713,290	678,070	16.4	17.0	15.8
0 to 4 years	25,250	12,960	12,285	4.6	4.8	4.4	30	20	15	5.7	7.7	5.6	422,980	217,145	205,840	5.0	5.2	4.8
5 to 9 years	28,145	14,410	13,735	5.1	5.4	4.9	45	20	35	8.5	7.7	13.0	478,955	245,295	233,665	5.6	5.8	5.4
10 to 14 years	27,630	13,980	13,650	5.0	5.2	4.8	50	20	25	9.4	7.7	9.3	489,425	250,855	238,570	5.8	6.0	5.5
15 to 64 years	343,410	172,560	170,845	62.5	64.5	60.6	360	180	180	67.9	69.2	66.7	5,356,945	2,686,745	2,670,195	63.0	63.9	62.1
15 to 19 years	24,665	12,380	12,285	4.5	4.6	4.4	30	20	10	5.7	7.7	3.7	429,400	219,400	209,995	5.1	5.2	4.9
20 to 24 years	31,980	15,915	16,070	5.8	5.9	5.7	25	10	10	4.7	3.8	3.7	460,660	235,250	225,405	5.4	5.6	5.2
25 to 29 years	39,470	20,145	19,325	7.2	7.5	6.9	20	10	10	3.8	3.8	3.7	527,150	266,455	260,700	6.2	6.3	6.1
30 to 34 years	36,900	18,700	18,200	6.7	7.0	6.5	30	15	15	5.7	5.8	5.6	536,040	267,770	268,270	6.3	6.4	6.2
35 to 39 years	36,280	18,670	17,610	6.6	7.0	6.2	45	25	20	8.5	9.6	7.4	550,425	274,350	276,075	6.5	6.5	6.4
40 to 44 years	36,805	18,725	18,085	6.7	7.0	6.4	40	25	20	7.5	9.6	7.4	572,565	286,405	286,160	6.7	6.8	6.7
45 to 49 years	30,685	15,655	15,035	5.6	5.9	5.3	30	15	15	5.7	5.8	5.6	516,465	259,565	256,905	6.1	6.2	6.0
50 to 54 years	30,385	15,180	15,200	5.5	5.7	5.4	45	15	30	8.5	5.8	11.1	522,935	262,610	260,325	6.2	6.2	6.1
55 to 59 years	37,125	18,320	18,805	6.8	6.8	6.7	50	25	25	9.4	9.6	9.3	615,690	307,230	308,465	7.2	7.3	7.2
60 to 64 years	39,105	18,870	20,240	7.1	7.1	7.2	45	25	20	8.5	9.6	7.4	625,610	307,710	317,900	7.4	7.3	7.4
65 years and over	125,020	53,665	71,355	22.8	20.1	25.3	45	25	20	8.5	9.6	7.4	1,753,530	801,925	951,605	20.6	19.1	22.1
65 to 69 years	36,000	16,600	19,405	6.6	6.2	6.9	35	15	15	6.6	5.8	5.6	541,970	264,020	277,950	6.4	6.3	6.5
70 to 74 years	32,360	14,690	17,670	5.9	5.5	6.3	10	5	0	1.9	1.9	0.0	455,900	217,985	237,910	5.4	5.2	5.5
75 to 79 years	24,930	10,915	14,015	4.5	4.1	5.0	5	0	0	0.9	0.0	0.0	330,840	153,790	177,050	3.9	3.7	4.1
80 to 84 years	15,680	6,360	9,325	2.9	2.4	3.3	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	210,405	90,825	119,580	2.5	2.2	2.8
85 years and over	16,050	5,110	10,940	2.9	1.9	3.9	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	214,415	75,305	139,115	2.5	1.8	3.2
85 to 89 years	9,810	3,425	6,380	1.8	1.3	2.3	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	131,755	50,610	81,150	1.5	1.2	1.9
90 to 94 years	4,875	1,405	3,470	0.9	0.5	1.2	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	65,020	20,490	44,535	0.8	0.5	1.0
95 to 99 years	1,210	260	955	0.2	0.1	0.3	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	15,665	3,875	11,790	0.2	0.1	0.3
100 years and over	155	20	135	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,975	330	1,640	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	14.7	15.5	14.1	14.7	15.5	14.1	24.5	21.2	27.8	24.5	21.2	27.8	16.4	17.0	15.8	16.4	17.0	15.8
15 to 64 years	62.5	64.5	60.6	62.5	64.5	60.6	67.9	69.2	66.7	67.9	69.2	66.7	63.0	63.9	62.1	63.0	63.9	62.1
65 years and over	22.8	20.1	25.3	22.8	20.1	25.3	8.5	9.6	7.4	8.5	9.6	7.4	20.6	19.1	22.1	20.6	19.1	22.1
85 years and over	2.9	1.9	3.9	2.9	1.9	3.9	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2.5	1.8	3.2	2.5	1.8	3.2
Average age of the population	43.8	42.3	45.1	43.8	42.3	45.1	36.8	37.8	36.0	36.8	37.8	36.0	42.8	41.8	43.7	42.8	41.8	43.7
Median age of the population	43.2	41.6	44.8	43.2	41.6	44.8	38.4	39.2	38.0	38.4	39.2	38.0	43.2	42.0	44.0	43.2	42.0	44.0
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	265,710	...	...	100.0	...	...	190	...	...	100.0	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	100.0	...	...
Single-detached house	80,885	...	...	30.4	...	...	190	...	...	100.0	...	...	1,671,920	...	...	44.6	...	...
Semi-detached house	14,020	...	...	5.3	...	...	0	...	...	0.0	...	...	199,080	...	...	5.3	...	...
Row house	6,945	...	...	2.6	...	...	0	...	...	0.0	...	...	98,625	...	...	2.6	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	17,110	...	...	6.4	...	...	5	...	...	2.6	...	...	271,245	...	...	7.2	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	120,775	...	...	45.5	...	...	0	...	...	0.0	...	...	1,242,910	...	...	33.2	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	23,520	...	...	8.9	...	...	0	...	...	0.0	...	...	225,745	...	...	6.0	...	...
Other single-attached house	1,080	...	...	0.4	...	...	0	...	...	0.0	...	...	15,745	...	...	0.4	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	1,380	...	...	0.5	...	...	0	...	...	0.0	...	...	23,760	...	...	0.6	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	265,710	...	...	100.0	...	...	190	...	...	100.0	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 person	110,300	...	...	41.5	...	...	30	...	...	15.8	...	...	1,317,505	...	...	35.1	...	...
2 persons	92,215	...	...	34.7	...	...	65	...	...	34.2	...	...	1,295,730	...	...	34.6	...	...
3 persons	28,440	...	...	10.7	...	...	35	...	...	18.4	...	...	480,135	...	...	12.8	...	...
4 persons	24,375	...	...	9.2	...	...	40	...	...	21.1	...	...	427,605	...	...	11.4	...	...
5 or more persons	10,375	...	...	3.9	...	...	20	...	...	10.5	...	...	228,060	...	...	6.1	...	...
Number of persons in private households	533,530	261,755	271,780	100.0	100.0	100.0	530	260	275	100.0	100.0	100.0	8,308,480	4,126,815	4,181,665	100.0	100.0	100.0
Average household size	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...	2.8	...	...	2.8	...	...	2.2	...	...	2.2	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	468,435	226,230	242,205	100.0	100.0	100.0	400	210	195	100.0	100.0	100.0	7,110,470	3,488,670	3,621,805	100.0	100.0	100.0
Married or living common-law	253,785	127,125	126,655	54.2	56.2	52.3	295	145	150	73.8	69.0	76.9	3,967,915	1,986,770	1,981,145	55.8	56.9	54.7
Married	126,990	63,505	63,490	27.1	28.1	26.2	155	80	80	38.8	38.1	41.0	2,310,860	1,157,085	1,153,775	32.5	33.2	31.9
Living common-law	126,790	63,625	63,170	27.1	28.1	26.1	140	70	75	35.0	33.3	38.5	1,657,050	829,680	827,375	23.3	23.8	22.8
Living common law - Never married	105,435	52,560	52,875	22.5	23.2	21.8	125	60	65	31.3	28.6	33.3	1,345,765	671,000	674,765	18.9	19.2	18.6
Living common law - Separated	1,030	540	495	0.2	0.2	0.2	5	0	0	1.3	0.0	0.0	17,505	9,090	8,410	0.2	0.3	0.2
Living common law - Divorced	18,100	9,535	8,565	3.9	4.2	3.5	15	10	5	3.8	4.8	2.6	261,885	135,520	126,370	3.7	3.9	3.5
Living common law - Widowed	2,235	995	1,235	0.5	0.4	0.5	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	31,900	14,070	17,830	0.4	0.4	0.5
Not married and not living common-law	214,645	99,105	115,545	45.8	43.8	47.7	110	65	50	27.5	31.0	25.6	3,142,560	1,501,895	1,640,660	44.2	43.1	45.3
Not married and not living common law - Never married	151,010	79,050	71,960	32.2	34.9	29.7	90	55	35	22.5	26.2	17.9	2,161,975	1,166,840	995,135	30.4	33.4	27.5
Not married and not living common law - Separated	6,010	2,685	3,320	1.3	1.2	1.4	0	5	0	0.0	2.4	0.0	106,275	48,095	58,175	1.5	1.4	1.6
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	32,865	11,895	20,970	7.0	5.3	8.7	10	0	10	2.5	0.0	5.1	494,210	197,455	296,755	7.0	5.7	8.2
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	24,765	5,470	19,295	5.3	2.4	8.0	5	0	5	1.3	0.0	2.6	380,100	89,515	290,580	5.3	2.6	8.0
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	145,765	...	...	100.0	...	...	160	...	...	100.0	...	...	2,323,410	...	...	100.0	...	...
2 persons	86,680	...	...	59.5	...	...	75	...	...	46.9	...	...	1,267,980	...	...	54.6	...	...
3 persons	26,320	...	...	18.1	...	...	30	...	...	18.8	...	...	454,980	...	...	19.6	...	...
4 persons	23,555	...	...	16.2	...	...	40	...	...	25.0	...	...	412,850	...	...	17.8	...	...
5 or more persons	9,215	...	...	6.3	...	...	20	...	...	12.5	...	...	187,600	...	...	8.1	...	...
Average size of census families	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...	3.1	...	...	3.1	...	...	2.8	...	...	2.8	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.7	...	...	1.7	...	...	1.9	...	...	1.9	...	...	1.8	...	...	1.8	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	145,770	...	...	100.0	...	...	165	...	...	100.0	...	...	2,323,410	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total couple families	124,015	...	...	85.1	...	...	150	...	...	90.9	...	...	1,939,635	...	...	83.5	...	...
Married couples	60,675	...	...	41.6	...	...	75	...	...	45.5	...	...	1,111,625	...	...	47.8	...	...
With children⁶	22,995	...	...	15.8	...	...	35	...	...	21.2	...	...	502,020	...	...	21.6	...	...
Without children	37,675	...	...	25.8	...	...	45	...	...	27.3	...	...	609,605	...	...	26.2	...	...
Common-law couples	63,340	...	...	43.5	...	...	75	...	...	45.5	...	...	828,005	...	...	35.6	...	...
With children⁶	27,815	...	...	19.1	...	...	45	...	...	27.3	...	...	401,885	...	...	17.3	...	...
Without children	35,530	...	...	24.4	...	...	25	...	...	15.2	...	...	426,120	...	...	18.3	...	...
Total one-parent families	21,750	...	...	14.9	...	...	15	...	...	9.1	...	...	383,775	...	...	16.5	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	15,725	...	...	10.8	...	...	15	...	...	9.1	...	...	284,025	...	...	12.2	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	6,025	...	...	4.1	...	...	5	...	...	3.0	...	...	99,755	...	...	4.3	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	533,535	261,755	271,775	100.0	100.0	100.0	530	260	270	100.0	100.0	100.0	8,308,480	4,126,815	4,181,665	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total - Persons in census families	395,570	196,405	199,165	74.1	75.0	73.3	500	240	255	94.3	92.3	94.4	6,557,095	3,256,260	3,300,835	78.9	78.9	78.9
Married spouses or common-law partners	248,030	124,315	123,720	46.5	47.5	45.5	295	145	150	55.7	55.8	55.6	3,879,265	1,941,175	1,938,090	46.7	47.0	46.3
Parents in one-parent families	21,750	6,020	15,730	4.1	2.3	5.8	15	5	10	2.8	1.9	3.7	383,780	99,755	284,020	4.6	2.4	6.8
Children⁶	125,785	66,070	59,715	23.6	25.2	22.0	185	90	100	34.9	34.6	37.0	2,294,055	1,215,335	1,078,720	27.6	29.4	25.8
In a two-parent family	93,620	48,735	44,890	17.5	18.6	16.5	160	75	80	30.2	28.8	29.6	1,708,235	897,930	810,305	20.6	21.8	19.4
In a one-parent family	32,165	17,335	14,830	6.0	6.6	5.5	30	15	15	5.7	5.8	5.6	585,820	317,400	268,415	7.1	7.7	6.4
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	137,965	65,355	72,610	25.9	25.0	26.7	35	20	15	6.6	7.7	5.6	1,751,380	870,550	880,825	21.1	21.1	21.1
Living alone	110,305	50,095	60,210	20.7	19.1	22.2	35	20	10	6.6	7.7	3.7	1,317,505	638,170	679,335	15.9	15.5	16.2
Living with other relatives⁷	8,035	3,705	4,335	1.5	1.4	1.6	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	165,070	74,060	91,005	2.0	1.8	2.2
Living with non-relatives only	19,625	11,560	8,065	3.7	4.4	3.0	5	0	0	0.9	0.0	0.0	268,810	158,325	110,485	3.2	3.8	2.6
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	265,710	...	...	100.0	...	...	195	...	...	100.0	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	140,370	...	...	52.8	...	...	155	...	...	79.5	...	...	2,165,490	...	...	57.8	...	...
Couple-family households	120,310	...	...	45.3	...	...	140	...	...	71.8	...	...	1,834,095	...	...	48.9	...	...
With children⁶	49,305	...	...	18.6	...	...	80	...	...	41.0	...	...	851,835	...	...	22.7	...	...
Without children	71,005	...	...	26.7	...	...	65	...	...	33.3	...	...	982,260	...	...	26.2	...	...
One-parent-family households	20,060	...	...	7.5	...	...	15	...	...	7.7	...	...	331,395	...	...	8.8	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	1,310	...	...	0.5	...	...	0	...	...	0.0	...	...	50,790	...	...	1.4	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	320	...	...	0.1	...	...	0	...	...	0.0	...	...	9,225	...	...	0.2	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	2,945	...	...	1.1	...	...	0	...	...	0.0	...	...	66,750	...	...	1.8	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	10,455	...	...	3.9	...	...	0	...	...	0.0	...	...	139,280	...	...	3.7	...	...
One-person households	110,300	...	...	41.5	...	...	30	...	...	15.4	...	...	1,317,505	...	...	35.1	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	452,670	220,490	232,180	100.0	100.0	100.0	405	205	200	100.0	100.0	100.0	6,918,720	3,414,440	3,504,275	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	445,060	216,755	228,300	98.3	98.3	98.3	395	200	190	97.5	97.6	95.0	6,738,760	3,326,795	3,411,965	97.4	97.4	97.4
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	44,400	48,800	40,800	44,400	48,800	40,800	54,400	61,600	46,800	54,400	61,600	46,800	40,800	44,800	37,200	40,800	44,800	37,200
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	445,165	216,815	228,355	98.3	98.3	98.4	395	200	190	97.5	97.6	95.0	6,740,755	3,327,835	3,412,920	97.4	97.5	97.4
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	38,800	42,000	36,000	38,800	42,000	36,000	46,400	50,000	42,000	46,400	50,000	42,000	36,400	39,200	33,600	36,400	39,200	33,600
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	412,055	203,490	208,565	91.0	92.3	89.8	380	195	185	93.8	95.1	92.5	6,054,780	3,047,745	3,007,040	87.5	89.3	85.8
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	37,200	42,800	31,600	37,200	42,800	31,600	46,800	53,600	39,600	46,800	53,600	39,600	33,600	39,600	28,000	33,600	39,600	28,000
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	323,940	167,315	156,625	71.6	75.9	67.5	340	175	165	84.0	85.4	82.5	4,874,570	2,537,900	2,336,665	70.5	74.3	66.7
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	39,600	43,200	36,000	39,600	43,200	36,000	46,400	50,800	39,600	46,400	50,800	39,600	36,000	40,400	31,600	36,000	40,400	31,600
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	365,185	168,010	197,180	80.7	76.2	84.9	285	130	150	70.4	63.4	75.0	5,596,585	2,627,215	2,969,370	80.9	76.9	84.7
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	11,000	9,800	11,900	11,000	9,800	11,900	9,400	8,400	11,200	9,400	8,400	11,200	11,500	10,200	12,300	11,500	10,200	12,300
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	48,690	25,595	23,090	10.8	11.6	9.9	45	30	20	11.1	14.6	10.0	837,635	441,080	396,550	12.1	12.9	11.3
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,480	5,440	5,600	5,480	5,440	5,600	5,920	5,840	6,000	5,920	5,840	6,000	5,520	5,520	5,600	5,520	5,520	5,600
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	116,995	61,625	55,370	25.8	27.9	23.8	110	55	55	27.2	26.8	27.5	1,971,440	1,039,220	932,220	28.5	30.4	26.6
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,000	6,000	7,500	7,000	6,000	7,500	7,000	5,480	7,500	7,000	5,480	7,500	7,000	6,500	8,000	7,000	6,500	8,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	452,690	220,490	232,205	100.0	100.0	100.0	375	205	170	100.0	100.0	100.0	6,918,730	3,414,515	3,504,210	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	445,235	216,885	228,355	98.4	98.4	98.3	365	200	170	97.3	97.6	100.0	6,738,410	3,326,975	3,411,440	97.4	97.4	97.4
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	52,400	57,900	47,160	52,400	57,900	47,160	54,600	55,600	53,200	54,600	55,600	53,200	51,160	57,550	44,960	51,160	57,550	44,960
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	445,345	216,950	228,390	98.4	98.4	98.4	365	200	170	97.3	97.6	100.0	6,740,360	3,328,000	3,412,360	97.4	97.5	97.4
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	43,000	46,520	39,640	43,000	46,520	39,640	45,400	45,600	45,200	45,400	45,600	45,200	41,840	45,760	38,000	41,840	45,760	38,000
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	412,490	203,670	208,815	91.1	92.4	89.9	360	195	165	96.0	95.1	97.1	6,053,525	3,047,850	3,005,675	87.5	89.3	85.8
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	46,040	52,600	39,680	46,040	52,600	39,680	46,600	49,200	43,600	46,600	49,200	43,600	45,480	52,900	38,000	45,480	52,900	38,000
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	323,975	167,280	156,695	71.6	75.9	67.5	330	185	145	88.0	90.2	85.3	4,874,615	2,538,865	2,335,755	70.5	74.4	66.7
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	46,920	51,300	42,240	46,920	51,300	42,240	44,800	47,200	42,000	44,800	47,200	42,000	46,240	51,950	40,040	46,240	51,950	40,040
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	365,375	168,420	196,945	80.7	76.4	84.8	300	155	140	80.0	75.6	82.4	5,593,790	2,625,895	2,967,900	80.8	76.9	84.7
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	11,850	10,960	12,610	11,850	10,960	12,610	11,100	9,800	12,600	11,100	9,800	12,600	12,410	11,500	13,220	12,410	11,500	13,220
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	48,545	25,635	22,905	10.7	11.6	9.9	70	45	25	18.7	22.0	14.7	837,180	441,665	395,515	12.1	12.9	11.3
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,990	5,880	8,240	6,990	5,880	8,240	5,000	4,600	5,600	5,000	4,600	5,600	7,040	6,380	7,780	7,040	6,380	7,780
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	116,935	61,865	55,075	25.8	28.1	23.7	145	80	65	38.7	39.0	38.2	1,966,120	1,039,080	927,040	28.4	30.4	26.5
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,880	7,720	8,060	7,880	7,720	8,060	7,700	7,600	7,800	7,700	7,600	7,800	8,130	7,910	8,390	8,130	7,910	8,390
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	452,690	220,490	232,200	100.0	100.0	100.0	375	205	170	100.0	100.0	100.0	6,918,730	3,414,515	3,504,210	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	161,675	86,040	75,635	35.7	39.0	32.6	170	85	90	45.3	41.5	52.9	2,305,655	1,246,645	1,059,005	33.3	36.5	30.2
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	59,600	64,000	55,200	59,600	64,000	55,200	60,400	71,500	48,800	60,400	71,500	48,800	58,400	62,800	53,600	58,400	62,800	53,600
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	68,300	73,600	62,350	68,300	73,600	62,350	60,400	70,000	51,000	60,400	70,000	51,000	69,700	76,600	61,550	69,700	76,600	61,550
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	130,435	63,500	66,935	28.8	28.8	28.8	135	85	50	36.0	41.5	29.4	2,014,360	990,380	1,023,980	29.1	29.0	29.2
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	18,800	20,600	17,200	18,800	20,600	17,200	26,400	34,800	9,900	26,400	34,800	9,900	18,600	21,400	16,600	18,600	21,400	16,600
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	28,280	31,240	25,520	28,280	31,240	25,520	29,200	32,000	24,000	29,200	32,000	24,000	28,160	32,120	24,360	28,160	32,120	24,360
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	81.4	85.2	77.0	81.4	85.2	77.0	83.0	86.0	80.0	83.0	86.0	80.0	79.8	84.2	74.4	79.8	84.2	74.4
Employment income (%)¹⁹	65.2	68.4	61.4	65.2	68.4	61.4	74.0	78.0	70.0	74.0	78.0	70.0	65.4	68.8	61.0	65.4	68.8	61.0
Government transfers (%)²⁰	18.6	14.7	23.0	18.6	14.7	23.0	16.4	13.6	20.0	16.4	13.6	20.0	20.1	15.8	25.6	20.1	15.8	25.6
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.5	1.2	1.8	1.5	1.2	1.8	1.7	1.9	1.6	1.7	1.9	1.6	1.7	1.5	2.0	1.7	1.5	2.0
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	4.6	4.3	5.0	4.6	4.3	5.0	5.9	5.8	6.2	5.9	5.8	6.2	5.4	4.8	6.1	5.4	4.8	6.1
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	4.0	3.8	4.1	4.0	3.8	4.1	5.4	5.2	5.2	5.4	5.2	5.2	4.6	4.3	5.1	4.6	4.3	5.1
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	452,670	220,495	232,180	100.0	100.0	100.0	400	205	195	100.0	100.0	100.0	6,918,715	3,414,445	3,504,275	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without total income	7,610	3,730	3,880	1.7	1.7	1.7	15	5	5	3.8	2.4	2.6	179,955	87,650	92,310	2.6	2.6	2.6
With total income	445,060	216,760	228,305	98.3	98.3	98.3	390	200	190	97.5	97.6	97.4	6,738,765	3,326,800	3,411,970	97.4	97.4	97.4
Under $10,000 (including loss)	23,705	10,650	13,055	5.3	4.9	5.7	20	10	5	5.1	5.0	2.6	462,400	204,245	258,155	6.9	6.1	7.6
$10,000 to $19,999	46,100	18,635	27,460	10.4	8.6	12.0	30	10	20	7.7	5.0	10.5	809,375	334,315	475,065	12.0	10.0	13.9
$20,000 to $29,999	66,355	27,890	38,470	14.9	12.9	16.9	40	20	25	10.3	10.0	13.2	1,124,265	499,780	624,485	16.7	15.0	18.3
$30,000 to $39,999	59,785	26,835	32,955	13.4	12.4	14.4	40	15	30	10.3	7.5	15.8	896,520	414,070	482,445	13.3	12.4	14.1
$40,000 to $49,999	59,880	28,020	31,865	13.5	12.9	14.0	40	15	25	10.3	7.5	13.2	849,005	411,680	437,325	12.6	12.4	12.8
$50,000 to $59,999	51,390	25,275	26,120	11.5	11.7	11.4	45	25	15	11.5	12.5	7.9	687,020	345,720	341,305	10.2	10.4	10.0
$60,000 to $69,999	38,075	20,515	17,555	8.6	9.5	7.7	45	35	15	11.5	17.5	7.9	503,110	271,695	231,415	7.5	8.2	6.8
$70,000 to $79,999	27,565	15,650	11,910	6.2	7.2	5.2	45	25	15	11.5	12.5	7.9	367,455	208,475	158,980	5.5	6.3	4.7
$80,000 to $89,999	21,495	12,020	9,475	4.8	5.5	4.2	30	15	15	7.7	7.5	7.9	284,690	158,760	125,930	4.2	4.8	3.7
$90,000 to $99,999	15,195	8,470	6,725	3.4	3.9	2.9	10	10	5	2.6	5.0	2.6	198,140	112,355	85,780	2.9	3.4	2.5
$100,000 and over	35,515	22,795	12,720	8.0	10.5	5.6	35	20	15	9.0	10.0	7.9	556,780	365,700	191,080	8.3	11.0	5.6
$100,000 to $149,999	25,730	15,985	9,745	5.8	7.4	4.3	30	15	15	7.7	7.5	7.9	385,890	245,635	140,260	5.7	7.4	4.1
$150,000 and over	9,780	6,815	2,970	2.2	3.1	1.3	5	5	0	1.3	2.5	0.0	170,890	120,065	50,820	2.5	3.6	1.5
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	452,670	220,495	232,180	100.0	100.0	100.0	400	205	195	100.0	100.0	100.0	6,918,715	3,414,445	3,504,275	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without after-tax income	7,505	3,675	3,825	1.7	1.7	1.6	15	5	5	3.8	2.4	2.6	177,960	86,610	91,355	2.6	2.5	2.6
With after-tax income	445,170	216,815	228,350	98.3	98.3	98.4	390	200	190	97.5	97.6	97.4	6,740,760	3,327,835	3,412,915	97.4	97.5	97.4
Under $10,000 (including loss)	26,225	11,195	15,030	5.9	5.2	6.6	20	10	10	5.1	5.0	5.3	495,035	214,000	281,030	7.3	6.4	8.2
$10,000 to $19,999	48,700	20,000	28,705	10.9	9.2	12.6	30	15	20	7.7	7.5	10.5	853,250	356,480	496,765	12.7	10.7	14.6
$20,000 to $29,999	79,415	33,955	45,465	17.8	15.7	19.9	55	25	35	14.1	12.5	18.4	1,316,685	592,685	723,995	19.5	17.8	21.2
$30,000 to $39,999	78,160	36,450	41,715	17.6	16.8	18.3	50	20	30	12.8	10.0	15.8	1,127,905	544,940	582,965	16.7	16.4	17.1
$40,000 to $49,999	72,230	35,735	36,490	16.2	16.5	16.0	55	30	30	14.1	15.0	15.8	994,235	505,970	488,265	14.7	15.2	14.3
$50,000 to $59,999	51,580	28,080	23,505	11.6	13.0	10.3	75	45	30	19.2	22.5	15.8	691,015	372,870	318,145	10.3	11.2	9.3
$60,000 to $69,999	33,950	18,695	15,255	7.6	8.6	6.7	50	30	25	12.8	15.0	13.2	459,665	251,490	208,170	6.8	7.6	6.1
$70,000 to $79,999	22,125	11,955	10,165	5.0	5.5	4.5	15	10	5	3.8	5.0	2.6	292,135	160,985	131,150	4.3	4.8	3.8
$80,000 to $89,999	12,200	7,120	5,080	2.7	3.3	2.2	15	5	5	3.8	2.5	2.6	174,905	104,610	70,295	2.6	3.1	2.1
$90,000 to $99,999	6,785	4,255	2,535	1.5	2.0	1.1	5	0	5	1.3	0.0	2.6	106,165	67,055	39,105	1.6	2.0	1.1
$100,000 and over	13,795	9,380	4,420	3.1	4.3	1.9	10	10	5	2.6	5.0	2.6	229,765	156,750	73,020	3.4	4.7	2.1
$100,000 to $124,999	7,455	4,945	2,505	1.7	2.3	1.1	5	5	0	1.3	2.5	0.0	119,125	78,615	40,515	1.8	2.4	1.2
$125,000 and over	6,335	4,430	1,910	1.4	2.0	0.8	5	0	0	1.3	0.0	0.0	110,635	78,130	32,505	1.6	2.3	1.0
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	452,670	220,495	232,180	100.0	100.0	100.0	400	205	195	100.0	100.0	100.0	6,918,715	3,414,445	3,504,275	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without employment income	128,725	53,170	75,555	28.4	24.1	32.5	60	30	30	15.0	14.6	15.4	2,044,155	876,545	1,167,610	29.5	25.7	33.3
With employment income	323,945	167,320	156,625	71.6	75.9	67.5	345	175	165	86.3	85.4	84.6	4,874,565	2,537,900	2,336,665	70.5	74.3	66.7
Under $5,000 (including loss)	38,525	20,275	18,250	11.9	12.1	11.7	35	20	15	10.1	11.4	9.1	644,075	331,770	312,300	13.2	13.1	13.4
$5,000 to $9,999	24,660	11,130	13,535	7.6	6.7	8.6	20	5	15	5.8	2.9	9.1	401,185	180,585	220,595	8.2	7.1	9.4
$10,000 to $19,999	37,695	17,120	20,575	11.6	10.2	13.1	35	20	20	10.1	11.4	12.1	603,350	273,725	329,620	12.4	10.8	14.1
$20,000 to $29,999	30,765	14,350	16,410	9.5	8.6	10.5	25	10	20	7.2	5.7	12.1	495,105	228,670	266,435	10.2	9.0	11.4
$30,000 to $39,999	31,680	15,375	16,310	9.8	9.2	10.4	30	15	20	8.7	8.6	12.1	488,000	239,620	248,380	10.0	9.4	10.6
$40,000 to $49,999	34,790	16,510	18,285	10.7	9.9	11.7	35	25	15	10.1	14.3	9.1	485,845	242,230	243,610	10.0	9.5	10.4
$50,000 to $59,999	30,150	15,585	14,560	9.3	9.3	9.3	25	10	15	7.2	5.7	9.1	403,980	217,425	186,560	8.3	8.6	8.0
$60,000 to $69,999	23,500	13,405	10,095	7.3	8.0	6.4	30	20	15	8.7	11.4	9.1	320,700	184,770	135,935	6.6	7.3	5.8
$70,000 to $79,999	18,835	10,920	7,920	5.8	6.5	5.1	35	30	10	10.1	17.1	6.1	250,635	147,020	103,615	5.1	5.8	4.4
$80,000 to $89,999	16,175	8,915	7,260	5.0	5.3	4.6	20	15	10	5.8	8.6	6.1	218,100	120,085	98,020	4.5	4.7	4.2
$90,000 to $99,999	11,000	6,425	4,575	3.4	3.8	2.9	10	10	5	2.9	5.7	3.0	141,540	86,090	55,450	2.9	3.4	2.4
$100,000 and over	26,165	17,310	8,855	8.1	10.3	5.7	25	15	10	7.2	8.6	6.1	422,055	285,910	136,145	8.7	11.3	5.8
$100,000 to $124,999	13,465	8,610	4,860	4.2	5.1	3.1	10	5	10	2.9	2.9	6.1	205,085	133,500	71,585	4.2	5.3	3.1
$125,000 and over	12,705	8,705	3,995	3.9	5.2	2.6	10	5	5	2.9	2.9	3.0	216,965	152,410	64,555	4.5	6.0	2.8
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	452,670	220,490	232,180	100.0	100.0	100.0	405	205	200	100.0	100.0	100.0	6,918,720	3,414,440	3,504,275	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	439,575	213,935	225,640	97.1	97.0	97.2	390	200	190	96.3	97.6	95.0	6,612,685	3,260,635	3,352,050	95.6	95.5	95.7
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	42,000	46,400	38,000	42,000	46,400	38,000	52,800	62,000	44,800	52,800	62,000	44,800	38,400	43,200	34,000	38,400	43,200	34,000
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	439,730	213,950	225,785	97.1	97.0	97.2	390	200	190	96.3	97.6	95.0	6,615,985	3,261,090	3,354,900	95.6	95.5	95.7
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	36,800	40,000	33,600	36,800	40,000	33,600	45,600	50,400	39,600	45,600	50,400	39,600	34,000	37,600	30,600	34,000	37,600	30,600
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	407,300	201,315	205,985	90.0	91.3	88.7	375	195	180	92.6	95.1	90.0	5,956,320	3,000,865	2,955,455	86.1	87.9	84.3
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	37,600	42,800	32,400	37,600	42,800	32,400	49,200	54,800	40,400	49,200	54,800	40,400	34,800	40,400	29,200	34,800	40,400	29,200
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	325,985	167,870	158,115	72.0	76.1	68.1	345	180	165	85.2	87.8	82.5	4,872,155	2,530,660	2,341,495	70.4	74.1	66.8
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	39,200	42,800	35,600	39,200	42,800	35,600	48,800	54,800	41,600	48,800	54,800	41,600	36,400	41,200	31,800	36,400	41,200	31,800
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	334,930	151,505	183,425	74.0	68.7	79.0	240	100	135	59.3	48.8	67.5	5,078,320	2,330,945	2,747,375	73.4	68.3	78.4
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	7,500	5,120	8,800	7,500	5,120	8,800	5,920	4,880	7,550	5,920	4,880	7,550	7,800	5,640	9,100	7,800	5,640	9,100
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	40,235	21,715	18,520	8.9	9.8	8.0	40	25	20	9.9	12.2	10.0	727,165	390,255	336,910	10.5	11.4	9.6
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	4,600	4,160	5,280	4,600	4,160	5,280	5,480	4,320	x	5,480	4,320	x	5,000	4,760	5,280	5,000	4,760	5,280
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	452,690	220,490	232,205	100.0	100.0	100.0	375	205	170	100.0	100.0	100.0	6,918,730	3,414,515	3,504,210	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	439,740	214,120	225,620	97.1	97.1	97.2	365	200	170	97.3	97.6	100.0	6,612,430	3,260,240	3,352,190	95.6	95.5	95.7
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	49,800	55,500	44,400	49,800	55,500	44,400	49,800	53,200	45,600	49,800	53,200	45,600	48,600	55,500	41,880	48,600	55,500	41,880
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	439,885	214,145	225,745	97.2	97.1	97.2	365	200	170	97.3	97.6	100.0	6,615,755	3,260,690	3,355,065	95.6	95.5	95.7
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	40,880	44,640	37,280	40,880	44,640	37,280	41,800	44,000	39,200	41,800	44,000	39,200	39,600	44,000	35,320	39,600	44,000	35,320
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	407,365	201,345	206,015	90.0	91.3	88.7	350	195	155	93.3	95.1	91.2	5,954,375	3,000,415	2,953,960	86.1	87.9	84.3
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	46,280	52,950	39,760	46,280	52,950	39,760	46,400	51,200	40,000	46,400	51,200	40,000	45,920	53,800	37,920	45,920	53,800	37,920
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	326,075	167,775	158,300	72.0	76.1	68.2	320	180	135	85.3	87.8	79.4	4,871,600	2,530,795	2,340,805	70.4	74.1	66.8
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	46,480	51,250	41,400	46,480	51,250	41,400	45,200	49,600	40,000	45,200	49,600	40,000	46,240	52,450	39,520	46,240	52,450	39,520
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	334,765	151,630	183,135	74.0	68.8	78.9	250	120	130	66.7	58.5	76.5	5,076,255	2,328,310	2,747,945	73.4	68.2	78.4
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	9,120	8,050	10,010	9,120	8,050	10,010	8,400	6,400	10,200	8,400	6,400	10,200	9,450	8,430	10,320	9,450	8,430	10,320
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	40,430	21,935	18,490	8.9	9.9	8.0	35	0	20	9.3	0.0	11.8	727,815	390,880	336,935	10.5	11.4	9.6
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,740	5,175	8,600	6,740	5,175	8,600	8,000	...	9,000	8,000	...	9,000	7,020	5,975	8,230	7,020	5,975	8,230
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	452,690	220,490	232,200	100.0	100.0	100.0	375	205	170	100.0	100.0	100.0	6,918,730	3,414,515	3,504,210	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	160,815	85,535	75,280	35.5	38.8	32.4	165	85	85	44.0	41.5	50.0	2,290,755	1,238,260	1,052,495	33.1	36.3	30.0
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	56,400	60,800	51,600	56,400	60,800	51,600	59,200	64,500	51,200	59,200	64,500	51,200	54,800	60,000	49,200	54,800	60,000	49,200
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	64,400	70,100	57,850	64,400	70,100	57,850	58,400	68,000	49,000	58,400	68,000	49,000	65,400	72,900	56,600	65,400	72,900	56,600
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	124,130	60,420	63,705	27.4	27.4	27.4	130	85	50	34.7	41.5	29.4	1,894,930	934,230	960,695	27.4	27.4	27.4
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	23,200	25,800	21,200	23,200	25,800	21,200	33,600	40,800	20,800	33,600	40,800	20,800	23,600	27,200	21,000	23,600	27,200	21,000
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	32,640	36,040	29,440	32,640	36,040	29,440	32,500	38,000	24,000	32,500	38,000	24,000	33,000	37,800	28,360	33,000	37,800	28,360
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	86.0	89.8	81.8	86.0	89.8	81.8	88.0	92.0	84.0	88.0	92.0	84.0	85.0	89.2	79.8	85.0	89.2	79.8
Employment income (%)	69.2	72.4	65.4	69.2	72.4	65.4	79.0	84.0	72.0	79.0	84.0	72.0	70.0	73.4	66.0	70.0	73.4	66.0
Government transfers (%)	13.9	10.3	18.3	13.9	10.3	18.3	11.6	7.0	18.0	11.6	7.0	18.0	14.9	10.8	20.2	14.9	10.8	20.2
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.2	1.0	1.6	1.2	1.0	1.6	1.6	x	2.8	1.6	x	2.8	1.6	1.3	2.0	1.6	1.3	2.0
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	265,710	...	...	...	...	...	190	...	...	...	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	70,500	...	...	70,500	...	...	111,000	...	...	111,000	...	...	72,500	...	...	72,500	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	60,800	...	...	60,800	...	...	94,000	...	...	94,000	...	...	63,200	...	...	63,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	110,300	...	...	...	...	...	30	...	...	...	...	...	1,317,505	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	41,600	...	...	41,600	...	...	68,000	...	...	68,000	...	...	38,800	...	...	38,800	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	36,400	...	...	36,400	...	...	55,200	...	...	55,200	...	...	34,400	...	...	34,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	155,410	...	...	...	...	...	160	...	...	...	...	...	2,431,530	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	100,000	...	...	100,000	...	...	118,000	...	...	118,000	...	...	97,000	...	...	97,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	85,000	...	...	85,000	...	...	98,000	...	...	98,000	...	...	83,000	...	...	83,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	265,710	...	...	...	...	...	195	...	...	...	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	87,800	...	...	87,800	...	...	103,000	...	...	103,000	...	...	92,000	...	...	92,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	72,100	...	...	72,100	...	...	86,000	...	...	86,000	...	...	75,200	...	...	75,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	110,290	...	...	...	...	...	25	...	...	...	...	...	1,317,070	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	47,840	...	...	47,840	...	...	60,000	...	...	60,000	...	...	47,680	...	...	47,680	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	39,960	...	...	39,960	...	...	52,000	...	...	52,000	...	...	39,640	...	...	39,640	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	155,425	...	...	...	...	...	170	...	...	...	...	...	2,431,965	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	116,100	...	...	116,100	...	...	111,000	...	...	111,000	...	...	116,000	...	...	116,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	94,800	...	...	94,800	...	...	92,000	...	...	92,000	...	...	94,500	...	...	94,500	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	265,710	...	...	100.0	...	...	190	...	...	100.0	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	2,175	...	...	0.8	...	...	0	...	...	0.0	...	...	35,920	...	...	1.0	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	1,550	...	...	0.6	...	...	0	...	...	0.0	...	...	23,880	...	...	0.6	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	3,550	...	...	1.3	...	...	0	...	...	0.0	...	...	52,080	...	...	1.4	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	5,995	...	...	2.3	...	...	0	...	...	0.0	...	...	82,470	...	...	2.2	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	14,830	...	...	5.6	...	...	0	...	...	0.0	...	...	218,185	...	...	5.8	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	10,260	...	...	3.9	...	...	0	...	...	0.0	...	...	144,420	...	...	3.9	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	10,545	...	...	4.0	...	...	0	...	...	0.0	...	...	143,285	...	...	3.8	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	12,735	...	...	4.8	...	...	5	...	...	2.6	...	...	172,005	...	...	4.6	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	13,150	...	...	4.9	...	...	0	...	...	0.0	...	...	174,790	...	...	4.7	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	12,755	...	...	4.8	...	...	0	...	...	0.0	...	...	166,990	...	...	4.5	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	23,710	...	...	8.9	...	...	5	...	...	2.6	...	...	310,880	...	...	8.3	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	20,575	...	...	7.7	...	...	20	...	...	10.5	...	...	280,505	...	...	7.5	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	18,435	...	...	6.9	...	...	15	...	...	7.9	...	...	255,770	...	...	6.8	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	16,915	...	...	6.4	...	...	15	...	...	7.9	...	...	235,235	...	...	6.3	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	14,735	...	...	5.5	...	...	15	...	...	7.9	...	...	208,320	...	...	5.6	...	...
$100,000 and over	83,795	...	...	31.5	...	...	110	...	...	57.9	...	...	1,244,285	...	...	33.2	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	29,105	...	...	11.0	...	...	40	...	...	21.1	...	...	414,805	...	...	11.1	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	19,430	...	...	7.3	...	...	30	...	...	15.8	...	...	282,590	...	...	7.5	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	20,830	...	...	7.8	...	...	25	...	...	13.2	...	...	307,835	...	...	8.2	...	...
$200,000 and over	14,430	...	...	5.4	...	...	15	...	...	7.9	...	...	239,060	...	...	6.4	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	265,710	...	...	100.0	...	...	190	...	...	100.0	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	2,435	...	...	0.9	...	...	0	...	...	0.0	...	...	40,590	...	...	1.1	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	1,615	...	...	0.6	...	...	0	...	...	0.0	...	...	24,960	...	...	0.7	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	3,670	...	...	1.4	...	...	0	...	...	0.0	...	...	53,600	...	...	1.4	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	6,350	...	...	2.4	...	...	0	...	...	0.0	...	...	87,695	...	...	2.3	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	16,085	...	...	6.1	...	...	0	...	...	0.0	...	...	234,875	...	...	6.3	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	13,250	...	...	5.0	...	...	0	...	...	0.0	...	...	177,135	...	...	4.7	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	14,215	...	...	5.3	...	...	0	...	...	0.0	...	...	180,150	...	...	4.8	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	16,260	...	...	6.1	...	...	0	...	...	0.0	...	...	213,760	...	...	5.7	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	16,495	...	...	6.2	...	...	5	...	...	2.6	...	...	210,280	...	...	5.6	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	14,820	...	...	5.6	...	...	5	...	...	2.6	...	...	193,530	...	...	5.2	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	26,085	...	...	9.8	...	...	20	...	...	10.5	...	...	356,325	...	...	9.5	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	22,880	...	...	8.6	...	...	20	...	...	10.5	...	...	322,530	...	...	8.6	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	20,505	...	...	7.7	...	...	15	...	...	7.9	...	...	289,580	...	...	7.7	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	17,625	...	...	6.6	...	...	15	...	...	7.9	...	...	254,885	...	...	6.8	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	14,845	...	...	5.6	...	...	25	...	...	13.2	...	...	216,370	...	...	5.8	...	...
$100,000 and over	58,575	...	...	22.0	...	...	75	...	...	39.5	...	...	892,775	...	...	23.8	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	26,315	...	...	9.9	...	...	35	...	...	18.4	...	...	387,835	...	...	10.3	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	15,145	...	...	5.7	...	...	20	...	...	10.5	...	...	225,830	...	...	6.0	...	...
$150,000 and over	17,115	...	...	6.4	...	...	20	...	...	10.5	...	...	279,105	...	...	7.4	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	147,410	...	...	...	...	...	160	...	...	...	...	...	2,331,170	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	102,000	...	...	102,000	...	...	118,000	...	...	118,000	...	...	98,000	...	...	98,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	86,000	...	...	86,000	...	...	98,000	...	...	98,000	...	...	84,000	...	...	84,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...	3.1	...	...	3.1	...	...	2.9	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	71,650	...	...	...	...	...	60	...	...	...	...	...	991,710	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	91,000	...	...	91,000	...	...	106,000	...	...	106,000	...	...	84,000	...	...	84,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	77,000	...	...	77,000	...	...	85,000	...	...	85,000	...	...	72,500	...	...	72,500	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	50,930	...	...	...	...	...	80	...	...	...	...	...	907,765	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	139,000	...	...	139,000	...	...	130,000	...	...	130,000	...	...	130,000	...	...	130,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	115,000	...	...	115,000	...	...	110,000	...	...	110,000	...	...	110,000	...	...	110,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	3.9	...	...	3.9	...	...	4.0	...	...	4.0	...	...	4.0	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	21,405	...	...	...	...	...	15	...	...	...	...	...	368,845	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	71,500	...	...	71,500	...	...	x	...	...	x	...	...	69,000	...	...	69,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	63,200	...	...	63,200	...	...	x	...	...	x	...	...	61,600	...	...	61,600	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.5	...	...	2.5	...	...	2.8	...	...	2.8	...	...	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	129,925	61,655	68,270	...	...	...	35	20	15	...	...	...	1,586,315	796,490	789,825	...	...	...
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	40,000	41,600	38,400	40,000	41,600	38,400	68,000	68,500	x	68,000	68,500	x	36,800	39,200	34,800	36,800	39,200	34,800
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	35,200	36,400	34,400	35,200	36,400	34,400	55,200	55,200	x	55,200	55,200	x	33,200	34,800	31,600	33,200	34,800	31,600
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	147,255	...	...	...	...	...	165	...	...	...	...	...	2,330,645	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	117,700	...	...	117,700	...	...	111,000	...	...	111,000	...	...	117,000	...	...	117,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	95,900	...	...	95,900	...	...	92,000	...	...	92,000	...	...	95,100	...	...	95,100	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	71,620	...	...	...	...	...	60	...	...	...	...	...	992,110	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	102,700	...	...	102,700	...	...	92,000	...	...	92,000	...	...	101,100	...	...	101,100	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	84,100	...	...	84,100	...	...	76,000	...	...	76,000	...	...	82,200	...	...	82,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	50,915	...	...	...	...	...	75	...	...	...	...	...	909,160	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	156,000	...	...	156,000	...	...	140,000	...	...	140,000	...	...	151,200	...	...	151,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	124,900	...	...	124,900	...	...	116,000	...	...	116,000	...	...	121,300	...	...	121,300	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	21,345	...	...	...	...	...	30	...	...	...	...	...	367,155	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	80,500	...	...	80,500	...	...	76,000	...	...	76,000	...	...	78,700	...	...	78,700	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	68,500	...	...	68,500	...	...	64,000	...	...	64,000	...	...	67,500	...	...	67,500	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	130,030	62,005	68,025	...	...	...	25	20	0	...	...	...	1,585,705	796,290	789,415	...	...	...
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	46,080	48,280	44,120	46,080	48,280	44,120	60,000	60,000	x	60,000	60,000	x	45,480	48,000	42,920	45,480	48,000	42,920
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	38,680	39,920	37,600	38,680	39,920	37,600	52,000	48,000	x	52,000	48,000	x	38,040	39,400	36,640	38,040	39,400	36,640
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	533,535	261,760	271,775	100.0	100.0	100.0	530	260	270	100.0	100.0	100.0	8,308,480	4,126,810	4,181,665	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	94,995	48,375	46,620	17.8	18.5	17.2	150	65	80	28.3	25.0	29.6	1,648,330	844,730	803,600	19.8	20.5	19.2
0 to 5 years	30,640	15,770	14,870	5.7	6.0	5.5	40	20	20	7.5	7.7	7.4	515,725	264,785	250,935	6.2	6.4	6.0
18 to 64 years	325,620	163,075	162,540	61.0	62.3	59.8	335	170	170	63.2	65.4	63.0	5,060,160	2,529,275	2,530,885	60.9	61.3	60.5
65 years and over	112,920	50,310	62,615	21.2	19.2	23.0	45	25	20	8.5	9.6	7.4	1,599,990	752,815	847,180	19.3	18.2	20.3
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	56,125	25,435	30,685	...	...	...	5	5	5	...	...	...	992,235	463,295	528,940	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	7,260	3,670	3,595	...	...	...	0	0	0	...	...	...	159,530	82,000	77,530	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	2,530	1,305	1,230	...	...	...	0	0	0	...	...	...	53,105	27,240	25,870	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	30,590	15,475	15,115	...	...	...	0	5	5	...	...	...	515,470	256,435	259,035	...	...	...
65 years and over	18,270	6,285	11,985	...	...	...	5	0	0	...	...	...	317,235	124,865	192,370	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	10.5	9.7	11.3	10.5	9.7	11.3	1.6	x	x	1.6	x	x	11.9	11.2	12.7	11.9	11.2	12.7
0 to 17 years (%)	7.6	7.6	7.7	7.6	7.6	7.7	x	x	x	x	x	x	9.7	9.7	9.7	9.7	9.7	9.7
0 to 5 years (%)	8.3	8.3	8.3	8.3	8.3	8.3	x	x	x	x	x	x	10.3	10.3	10.3	10.3	10.3	10.3
18 to 64 years (%)	9.4	9.5	9.3	9.4	9.5	9.3	x	x	x	x	x	x	10.2	10.1	10.2	10.2	10.1	10.2
65 years and over (%)	16.2	12.5	19.1	16.2	12.5	19.1	x	x	x	x	x	x	19.8	16.6	22.7	19.8	16.6	22.7
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	533,535	261,755	271,775	100.0	100.0	100.0	530	260	270	100.0	100.0	100.0	8,268,130	4,106,780	4,161,350	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	94,995	48,375	46,615	17.8	18.5	17.2	150	70	80	28.3	26.9	29.6	1,634,715	837,715	797,005	19.8	20.4	19.2
0 to 5 years	30,640	15,775	14,865	5.7	6.0	5.5	40	20	15	7.5	7.7	5.6	511,400	262,535	248,860	6.2	6.4	6.0
18 to 64 years	325,620	163,075	162,545	61.0	62.3	59.8	340	170	170	64.2	65.4	63.0	5,037,010	2,517,975	2,519,035	60.9	61.3	60.5
65 years and over	112,925	50,305	62,615	21.2	19.2	23.0	45	25	20	8.5	9.6	7.4	1,596,400	751,095	845,310	19.3	18.3	20.3
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	32,920	16,270	16,650	...	...	...	0	0	5	...	...	...	439,850	223,055	216,795	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	3,665	1,835	1,830	...	...	...	0	0	0	...	...	...	61,665	31,610	30,060	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	1,220	630	595	...	...	...	0	0	0	...	...	...	19,815	10,190	9,630	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	22,960	12,215	10,740	...	...	...	0	0	0	...	...	...	313,970	167,015	146,955	...	...	...
65 years and over	6,295	2,215	4,075	...	...	...	0	0	0	...	...	...	64,210	24,430	39,780	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	6.2	6.2	6.1	6.2	6.2	6.1	x	x	x	x	x	x	5.3	5.4	5.2	5.3	5.4	5.2
0 to 17 years (%)	3.9	3.8	3.9	3.9	3.8	3.9	x	x	x	x	x	x	3.8	3.8	3.8	3.8	3.8	3.8
0 to 5 years (%)	4.0	4.0	4.0	4.0	4.0	4.0	x	x	x	x	x	x	3.9	3.9	3.9	3.9	3.9	3.9
18 to 64 years (%)	7.1	7.5	6.6	7.1	7.5	6.6	x	x	x	x	x	x	6.2	6.6	5.8	6.2	6.6	5.8
65 years and over (%)	5.6	4.4	6.5	5.6	4.4	6.5	x	x	x	x	x	x	4.0	3.3	4.7	4.0	3.3	4.7
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	533,530	261,755	271,775	100.0	100.0	100.0	530	260	270	100.0	100.0	100.0	8,308,480	4,126,810	4,181,665	100.0	100.0	100.0
In bottom half of the distribution	283,750	134,870	148,880	53.2	51.5	54.8	225	105	120	42.5	40.4	44.4	4,667,030	2,270,130	2,396,895	56.2	55.0	57.3
In bottom decile	49,565	23,215	26,350	9.3	8.9	9.7	5	0	0	0.9	0.0	0.0	851,840	407,705	444,140	10.3	9.9	10.6
In second decile	51,865	23,690	28,165	9.7	9.1	10.4	15	5	10	2.8	1.9	3.7	920,490	434,730	485,760	11.1	10.5	11.6
In third decile	58,000	27,410	30,590	10.9	10.5	11.3	60	30	35	11.3	11.5	13.0	969,255	471,650	497,600	11.7	11.4	11.9
In fourth decile	62,105	29,835	32,270	11.6	11.4	11.9	60	30	30	11.3	11.5	11.1	978,345	482,760	495,590	11.8	11.7	11.9
In fifth decile	62,215	30,720	31,500	11.7	11.7	11.6	85	40	45	16.0	15.4	16.7	947,090	473,285	473,810	11.4	11.5	11.3
In top half of the distribution	249,785	126,885	122,900	46.8	48.5	45.2	310	155	150	58.5	59.6	55.6	3,641,455	1,856,685	1,784,765	43.8	45.0	42.7
In sixth decile	62,055	31,250	30,805	11.6	11.9	11.3	95	50	50	17.9	19.2	18.5	899,660	454,970	444,690	10.8	11.0	10.6
In seventh decile	58,870	29,805	29,065	11.0	11.4	10.7	60	35	30	11.3	13.5	11.1	837,225	425,400	411,830	10.1	10.3	9.8
In eighth decile	54,210	27,440	26,765	10.2	10.5	9.8	85	45	40	16.0	17.3	14.8	752,410	383,450	368,955	9.1	9.3	8.8
In ninth decile	42,235	21,650	20,580	7.9	8.3	7.6	30	15	20	5.7	5.8	7.4	634,425	325,700	308,730	7.6	7.9	7.4
In top decile	32,415	16,740	15,680	6.1	6.4	5.8	30	15	15	5.7	5.8	5.6	517,725	267,160	250,565	6.2	6.5	6.0
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	533,535	...	...	533,535	...	...	530	...	...	530	...	...	8,308,480	...	...	8,308,480	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.307	...	...	0.307	...	...	0.217	...	...	0.217	...	...	0.328	...	...	0.328	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.416	...	...	0.416	...	...	0.290	...	...	0.290	...	...	0.456	...	...	0.456	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.263	...	...	0.263	...	...	0.192	...	...	0.192	...	...	0.280	...	...	0.280	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.3	...	...	3.3	...	...	2.3	...	...	2.3	...	...	3.4	...	...	3.4	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	542,435	265,020	277,415	100.0	100.0	100.0	530	260	270	100.0	100.0	100.0	8,406,905	4,163,945	4,242,960	100.0	100.0	100.0
English only	2,150	1,165	985	0.4	0.4	0.4	5	0	0	0.9	0.0	0.0	445,575	228,840	216,735	5.3	5.5	5.1
French only	306,375	137,715	168,660	56.5	52.0	60.8	310	135	175	58.5	51.9	64.8	3,980,275	1,864,675	2,115,605	47.3	44.8	49.9
English and French	231,725	125,175	106,555	42.7	47.2	38.4	215	125	90	40.6	48.1	33.3	3,898,980	2,035,230	1,863,750	46.4	48.9	43.9
Neither English nor French	2,180	960	1,215	0.4	0.4	0.4	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	82,075	35,200	46,875	1.0	0.8	1.1
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	542,435	265,020	277,415	100.0	100.0	100.0	530	260	270	100.0	100.0	100.0	8,406,905	4,163,945	4,242,960	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	10,130	5,280	4,850	1.9	2.0	1.7	10	10	5	1.9	3.8	1.9	1,088,820	548,595	540,225	13.0	13.2	12.7
French	522,475	254,620	267,860	96.3	96.1	96.6	515	255	265	97.2	98.1	98.1	6,909,570	3,412,705	3,496,860	82.2	82.0	82.4
English and French	7,795	4,230	3,565	1.4	1.6	1.3	5	0	0	0.9	0.0	0.0	329,515	169,050	160,465	3.9	4.1	3.8
Neither English nor French	2,040	885	1,150	0.4	0.3	0.4	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	79,000	33,590	45,410	0.9	0.8	1.1
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	542,435	265,020	277,415	100.0	100.0	100.0	530	260	270	100.0	100.0	100.0	8,406,905	4,163,945	4,242,960	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	532,460	259,875	272,590	98.2	98.1	98.3	525	255	265	99.1	98.1	98.1	8,098,360	4,008,495	4,089,865	96.3	96.3	96.4
Official languages	499,205	243,365	255,840	92.0	91.8	92.2	510	255	255	96.2	98.1	94.4	6,930,810	3,438,050	3,492,755	82.4	82.6	82.3
English	7,685	4,035	3,655	1.4	1.5	1.3	10	10	0	1.9	3.8	0.0	639,365	323,170	316,195	7.6	7.8	7.5
French	491,515	239,335	252,180	90.6	90.3	90.9	495	250	250	93.4	96.2	92.6	6,291,440	3,114,885	3,176,565	74.8	74.8	74.9
Non-official languages	33,255	16,510	16,745	6.1	6.2	6.0	10	5	10	1.9	1.9	3.7	1,167,550	570,440	597,110	13.9	13.7	14.1
Indigenous languages³⁹	355	140	210	0.1	0.1	0.1	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	41,820	20,480	21,345	0.5	0.5	0.5
Algonquian languages	325	140	190	0.1	0.1	0.1	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	28,925	14,200	14,730	0.3	0.3	0.3
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	320	135	185	0.1	0.1	0.1	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	27,870	13,715	14,160	0.3	0.3	0.3
Atikamekw	30	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5,490	2,825	2,665	0.1	0.1	0.1
Cree languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	14,905	7,410	7,495	0.2	0.2	0.2
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	565	290	275	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,235	1,565	1,670	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	70	40	35	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	90	50	40	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	60	25	35	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10,870	5,435	5,435	0.1	0.1	0.1
Innu (Montagnais)	265	110	160	0.0	0.0	0.1	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	6,870	3,180	3,695	0.1	0.1	0.1
Naskapi	20	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	610	300	310	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	190	75	115	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	190	75	110	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	860	410	450	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	820	385	435	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	30	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	25	5	15	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	12,775	6,220	6,550	0.2	0.1	0.2
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	25	5	15	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	12,770	6,220	6,550	0.2	0.1	0.2
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	65	30	40	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	60	30	35	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	15	5	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	15	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	32,900	16,365	16,535	6.1	6.2	6.0	10	5	10	1.9	1.9	3.7	1,125,730	549,960	575,770	13.4	13.2	13.6
Afro-Asiatic languages	7,990	4,300	3,695	1.5	1.6	1.3	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	233,220	122,895	110,320	2.8	3.0	2.6
Berber languages	915	490	425	0.2	0.2	0.2	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	25,990	13,860	12,130	0.3	0.3	0.3
Kabyle	730	385	345	0.1	0.1	0.1	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	23,735	12,570	11,165	0.3	0.3	0.3
Tamazight	135	75	60	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,975	1,130	840	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	55	35	25	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	285	160	125	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	95	50	45	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	980	510	470	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	50	25	30	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	425	235	190	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	45	30	20	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	555	280	280	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	320	170	150	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	65	35	25	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,330	620	705	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	55	30	25	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,275	595	680	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	25	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	6,915	3,730	3,190	1.3	1.4	1.1	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	204,600	107,735	96,865	2.4	2.6	2.3
Amharic	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	735	345	385	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	6,885	3,710	3,175	1.3	1.4	1.1	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	198,785	104,765	94,020	2.4	2.5	2.2
Aramaic languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	525	250	270	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	170	85	90	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	45	20	25	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	300	150	155	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,680	1,930	1,750	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	20	5	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	810	415	395	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	40	20	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	1,080	490	590	0.2	0.2	0.2	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	37,425	17,185	20,240	0.4	0.4	0.5
Khmer (Cambodian)	330	145	185	0.1	0.1	0.1	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	8,730	3,975	4,755	0.1	0.1	0.1
Vietnamese	750	350	400	0.1	0.1	0.1	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	28,630	13,180	15,450	0.3	0.3	0.4
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	60	30	30	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	525	235	290	0.1	0.1	0.1	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	25,580	10,200	15,375	0.3	0.2	0.4
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	140	55	80	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	465	175	290	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	15	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,050	370	685	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	590	205	385	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,125	855	1,275	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	20	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	730	255	475	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	25	10	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	255	120	140	0.0	0.0	0.1	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,810	870	940	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	145	70	80	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,180	545	630	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	115	50	65	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	630	325	310	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	75	30	50	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	225	95	130	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	120	55	70	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	170	80	85	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	17,710	7,005	10,705	0.2	0.2	0.3
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	65	20	45	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	50	20	25	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	410	185	230	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	815	375	435	0.2	0.1	0.2	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	62,640	28,375	34,265	0.7	0.7	0.8
Haitian Creole	545	255	295	0.1	0.1	0.1	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	46,475	20,690	25,785	0.6	0.5	0.6
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	20	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,115	1,555	1,555	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	165	75	90	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	490	240	250	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	60	25	40	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	11,980	5,620	6,360	0.1	0.1	0.1
Creole languages, n.i.e.	15	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	555	255	300	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	70	35	35	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	18,350	9,425	8,925	0.2	0.2	0.2
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	375	215	160	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,800	945	850	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	25	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	14,235	7,030	7,205	0.2	0.2	0.2
Telugu	30	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,895	1,215	680	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	25	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	150	70	80	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	16,515	8,075	8,440	3.0	3.0	3.0	10	5	5	1.9	1.9	1.9	595,790	290,670	305,115	7.1	7.0	7.2
Albanian	230	120	110	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,310	1,660	1,650	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	50	20	30	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	16,890	8,225	8,670	0.2	0.2	0.2
Balto-Slavic languages	2,230	1,070	1,160	0.4	0.4	0.4	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	68,295	30,855	37,435	0.8	0.7	0.9
Baltic languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	725	285	440	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	235	100	135	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	490	185	300	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	2,220	1,060	1,160	0.4	0.4	0.4	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	67,565	30,570	36,995	0.8	0.7	0.9
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	75	35	40	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	210	90	115	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	6,735	3,240	3,495	0.1	0.1	0.1
Czech	25	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,345	625	725	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	220	110	115	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	220	90	130	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	12,495	5,380	7,120	0.1	0.1	0.2
Russian	670	305	360	0.1	0.1	0.1	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	31,700	14,115	17,590	0.4	0.3	0.4
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	965	495	470	0.2	0.2	0.2	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	8,415	4,180	4,235	0.1	0.1	0.1
Bosnian	620	330	290	0.1	0.1	0.1	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,065	1,040	1,030	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	110	55	55	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,380	1,155	1,225	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	205	105	100	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,720	1,865	1,855	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	25	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	250	120	125	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	15	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	855	380	475	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	600	265	335	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	110	45	65	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5,065	2,220	2,845	0.1	0.1	0.1
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	50	25	30	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	130	80	55	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	25	20	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	20	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	40	25	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	55	30	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	530	240	290	0.1	0.1	0.1	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	25,580	12,440	13,140	0.3	0.3	0.3
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	375	150	225	0.1	0.1	0.1	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	21,145	10,240	10,910	0.3	0.2	0.3
German	355	145	215	0.1	0.1	0.1	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	11,055	5,090	5,970	0.1	0.1	0.1
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	15	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,110	565	540	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	8,980	4,585	4,395	0.1	0.1	0.1
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	125	65	55	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,175	1,580	1,590	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	170	90	80	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	105	60	50	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,590	1,305	1,285	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	400	185	220	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	30	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,140	560	575	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	360	175	185	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	60	30	30	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	190	100	85	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	530	260	275	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	105	50	55	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	95	50	45	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	34,080	16,735	17,345	0.4	0.4	0.4
Indo-Iranian languages	1,690	830	855	0.3	0.3	0.3	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	101,450	52,780	48,665	1.2	1.3	1.1
Indo-Aryan languages	800	395	400	0.1	0.1	0.1	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	63,025	33,465	29,555	0.7	0.8	0.7
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	30	20	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	90	45	45	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	12,140	6,220	5,920	0.1	0.1	0.1
Gujarati	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	7,070	3,655	3,415	0.1	0.1	0.1
Hindi	55	30	25	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5,445	3,080	2,360	0.1	0.1	0.1
Kacchi	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	170	80	90	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	40	25	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	80	40	35	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	15	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	520	285	235	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	460	230	225	0.1	0.1	0.1	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,105	560	545	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	65	35	30	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	40	25	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	25	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	23,825	12,975	10,855	0.3	0.3	0.3
Rohingya	115	45	70	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	115	45	70	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	100	60	45	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	725	375	350	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	30	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	11,320	5,860	5,465	0.1	0.1	0.1
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	265	150	115	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	895	435	460	0.2	0.2	0.2	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	38,400	19,305	19,090	0.5	0.5	0.4
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	100	60	45	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,120	630	485	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	35	25	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,490	810	680	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	780	370	410	0.1	0.1	0.1	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	35,615	17,770	17,850	0.4	0.4	0.4
Dari	210	95	115	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10,665	5,370	5,295	0.1	0.1	0.1
Iranian Persian	505	245	260	0.1	0.1	0.1	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	22,130	10,990	11,140	0.3	0.3	0.3
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	70	30	40	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,820	1,410	1,410	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	125	65	65	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	30	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	11,685	5,740	5,945	2.2	2.2	2.1	5	5	0	0.9	1.9	0.0	346,000	167,870	178,130	4.1	4.0	4.2
Catalan	20	5	15	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	330	165	160	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	490	285	205	0.1	0.1	0.1	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	90,940	44,080	46,865	1.1	1.1	1.1
Portuguese	2,520	1,270	1,255	0.5	0.5	0.5	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	41,545	19,890	21,650	0.5	0.5	0.5
Romanian	795	380	410	0.1	0.1	0.1	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	35,810	17,115	18,695	0.4	0.4	0.4
Spanish	7,850	3,795	4,055	1.4	1.4	1.5	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	177,155	86,490	90,660	2.1	2.1	2.1
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	225	125	105	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	55	30	30	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	135	30	105	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,760	795	1,965	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	65	15	45	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	6,670	2,860	3,815	0.1	0.1	0.1
Mongolian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	225	90	135	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	3,830	1,935	1,890	0.7	0.7	0.7	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	33,495	16,630	16,865	0.4	0.4	0.4
Akan (Twi)	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	985	490	490	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	140	75	65	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,490	795	700	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	90	40	50	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	100	60	35	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	995	535	465	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	245	140	105	0.0	0.1	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,665	1,380	1,285	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	70	40	30	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	50	20	30	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	145	85	60	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	480	210	270	0.1	0.1	0.1	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,420	1,530	1,895	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	145	75	70	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,975	1,340	1,635	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	285	145	145	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	35	15	20	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	405	205	205	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	40	20	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	60	20	35	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	640	315	320	0.1	0.1	0.1	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	4,585	2,165	2,415	0.1	0.1	0.1
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	125	60	60	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	270	175	95	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	25	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	950	480	470	0.2	0.2	0.2	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,975	1,935	2,035	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	100	45	55	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	910	435	475	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	365	190	175	0.1	0.1	0.1	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,940	2,100	1,840	0.0	0.1	0.0
Yoruba	15	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	875	470	410	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	590	305	290	0.1	0.1	0.1	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5,105	2,630	2,475	0.1	0.1	0.1
Nilo-Saharan languages	140	70	80	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,010	535	480	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	125	65	65	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	845	450	400	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	15	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	155	80	75	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	120	60	55	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,280	680	600	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	120	60	55	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	95	50	40	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	930	485	445	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	20	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	225	130	95	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	1,255	575	675	0.2	0.2	0.2	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	87,540	40,170	47,375	1.0	1.0	1.1
Chinese languages	1,170	530	635	0.2	0.2	0.2	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	87,155	39,990	47,160	1.0	1.0	1.1
Hakka	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	470	200	270	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	840	380	465	0.2	0.1	0.2	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	57,445	26,210	31,235	0.7	0.6	0.7
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	35	20	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	40	20	20	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,670	1,180	1,485	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	790	365	430	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	245	120	130	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	24,235	11,275	12,965	0.3	0.3	0.3
Chinese, n.o.s.	25	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,425	710	715	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	80	35	45	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	85	45	40	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	310	140	175	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	80	25	55	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	15	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	15	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	130	65	65	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	60	30	35	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	75	40	35	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	80	45	35	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	160	55	100	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	4,855	2,040	2,820	0.1	0.0	0.1
Lao	90	45	45	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,815	1,805	2,010	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	70	10	60	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,015	220	795	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	25	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	80	50	30	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	9,230	4,775	4,455	0.1	0.1	0.1
Azerbaijani	15	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	410	250	160	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	50	25	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	60	35	20	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	8,220	4,240	3,975	0.1	0.1	0.1
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	235	110	125	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	170	80	90	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	140	60	80	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	110	55	55	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5,335	2,465	2,865	0.1	0.1	0.1
Estonian	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	160	60	95	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	15	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	305	120	190	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	90	45	50	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	4,865	2,290	2,575	0.1	0.1	0.1
Other languages, n.i.e.	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	170	95	75	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	9,970	5,145	4,830	1.8	1.9	1.7	10	5	5	1.9	1.9	1.9	308,550	155,455	153,095	3.7	3.7	3.6
English and French	4,530	2,380	2,150	0.8	0.9	0.8	5	0	5	0.9	0.0	1.9	126,405	64,585	61,820	1.5	1.6	1.5
English and non-official language(s)	340	175	165	0.1	0.1	0.1	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	49,485	24,660	24,825	0.6	0.6	0.6
French and non-official language(s)	4,320	2,195	2,130	0.8	0.8	0.8	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	1.9	94,205	46,880	47,320	1.1	1.1	1.1
English, French and non-official language(s)	465	240	225	0.1	0.1	0.1	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	28,685	14,700	13,985	0.3	0.4	0.3
Multiple non-official languages	315	150	160	0.1	0.1	0.1	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	9,765	4,625	5,140	0.1	0.1	0.1
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	542,435	265,020	277,415	100.0	100.0	100.0	530	260	270	100.0	100.0	100.0	8,406,905	4,163,945	4,242,960	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	3,775	1,990	1,780	0.7	0.8	0.6	10	5	5	1.9	1.9	1.9	623,305	313,780	309,520	7.4	7.5	7.3
French	480,760	233,290	247,475	88.6	88.0	89.2	485	240	245	91.5	92.3	90.7	6,032,885	2,983,330	3,049,555	71.8	71.6	71.9
Non-official language	9,035	4,440	4,595	1.7	1.7	1.7	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	366,730	177,410	189,315	4.4	4.3	4.5
Indigenous³⁹	95	35	60	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	23,080	11,585	11,495	0.3	0.3	0.3
Non-Indigenous	8,935	4,405	4,530	1.6	1.7	1.6	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	343,650	165,830	177,825	4.1	4.0	4.2
English and French	21,740	11,930	9,810	4.0	4.5	3.5	20	10	10	3.8	3.8	3.7	497,380	256,735	240,645	5.9	6.2	5.7
English and non-official language(s)	980	475	500	0.2	0.2	0.2	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	205,755	102,290	103,470	2.4	2.5	2.4
French and non-official language(s)	19,480	9,470	10,015	3.6	3.6	3.6	10	5	5	1.9	1.9	1.9	375,795	179,585	196,210	4.5	4.3	4.6
English, French and non-official language(s)	6,105	3,160	2,945	1.1	1.2	1.1	5	0	5	0.9	0.0	1.9	284,940	141,275	143,665	3.4	3.4	3.4
Multiple non-official languages	560	265	290	0.1	0.1	0.1	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	20,125	9,545	10,585	0.2	0.2	0.2
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	542,435	265,020	277,415	100.0	100.0	100.0	530	260	270	100.0	100.0	100.0	8,406,905	4,163,945	4,242,960	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	531,650	259,530	272,120	98.0	97.9	98.1	525	255	270	99.1	98.1	100.0	8,049,665	3,987,880	4,061,785	95.8	95.8	95.7
Official languages	514,060	250,910	263,155	94.8	94.7	94.9	520	255	265	98.1	98.1	98.1	7,387,055	3,665,020	3,722,030	87.9	88.0	87.7
English	6,770	3,540	3,230	1.2	1.3	1.2	10	5	10	1.9	1.9	3.7	874,185	438,570	435,615	10.4	10.5	10.3
French	507,295	247,370	259,925	93.5	93.3	93.7	510	250	260	96.2	96.2	96.3	6,512,870	3,226,445	3,286,420	77.5	77.5	77.5
Non-official languages	17,585	8,620	8,965	3.2	3.3	3.2	5	0	5	0.9	0.0	1.9	662,615	322,860	339,750	7.9	7.8	8.0
Indigenous languages³⁹	190	80	110	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	34,245	17,040	17,200	0.4	0.4	0.4
Algonquian languages	175	75	100	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	22,430	11,165	11,265	0.3	0.3	0.3
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	170	70	95	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	22,115	11,025	11,090	0.3	0.3	0.3
Atikamekw	10	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	4,330	2,275	2,055	0.1	0.1	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	11,895	5,960	5,935	0.1	0.1	0.1
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	560	295	265	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,495	1,205	1,290	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	35	20	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	65	40	25	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	45	25	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	8,680	4,370	4,310	0.1	0.1	0.1
Innu (Montagnais)	140	60	80	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5,400	2,540	2,860	0.1	0.1	0.1
Naskapi	25	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	490	255	240	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	80	30	50	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	75	30	45	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	230	110	120	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	215	100	120	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	10	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	11,755	5,840	5,910	0.1	0.1	0.1
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	10	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	11,750	5,840	5,910	0.1	0.1	0.1
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	35	20	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	17,395	8,540	8,860	3.2	3.2	3.2	5	0	5	0.9	0.0	1.9	628,365	305,820	322,555	7.5	7.3	7.6
Afro-Asiatic languages	3,520	1,770	1,750	0.6	0.7	0.6	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	116,685	59,645	57,040	1.4	1.4	1.3
Berber languages	375	190	180	0.1	0.1	0.1	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10,635	5,585	5,045	0.1	0.1	0.1
Kabyle	285	140	145	0.1	0.1	0.1	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	9,765	5,115	4,655	0.1	0.1	0.1
Tamazight	40	20	20	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	670	365	305	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	50	25	20	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	195	110	90	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	40	15	20	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	335	165	170	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	30	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	180	85	90	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	155	75	80	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	225	115	115	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	25	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	605	280	325	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	25	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	580	265	315	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	3,090	1,550	1,535	0.6	0.6	0.6	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	104,890	53,505	51,380	1.2	1.3	1.2
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	330	155	175	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	3,075	1,550	1,525	0.6	0.6	0.5	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	102,120	52,125	49,990	1.2	1.3	1.2
Aramaic languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	380	185	190	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	130	60	75	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	50	25	25	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	200	105	100	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,515	760	755	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	490	250	240	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	40	15	25	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	575	265	310	0.1	0.1	0.1	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	24,500	11,410	13,090	0.3	0.3	0.3
Khmer (Cambodian)	130	50	75	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	4,875	2,200	2,670	0.1	0.1	0.1
Vietnamese	445	210	235	0.1	0.1	0.1	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	19,595	9,185	10,405	0.2	0.2	0.2
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	30	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	280	140	140	0.1	0.1	0.1	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	13,845	6,335	7,515	0.2	0.2	0.2
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	45	15	25	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	225	100	125	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	560	240	320	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	320	135	185	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,175	510	665	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	255	115	135	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	115	50	65	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	610	325	285	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	45	25	25	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	305	165	145	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	70	30	40	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	300	160	145	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	125	60	65	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	35	15	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	120	70	50	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10,260	4,690	5,570	0.1	0.1	0.1
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	30	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	185	90	90	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	300	125	170	0.1	0.0	0.1	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	26,985	11,815	15,170	0.3	0.3	0.4
Haitian Creole	160	60	100	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	19,535	8,310	11,230	0.2	0.2	0.3
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,590	765	825	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	100	45	55	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	230	110	125	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	30	10	20	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5,390	2,520	2,865	0.1	0.1	0.1
Creole languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	220	110	120	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	35	15	20	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	13,800	6,935	6,865	0.2	0.2	0.2
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	190	105	90	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,225	645	580	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	15	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	11,215	5,465	5,755	0.1	0.1	0.1
Telugu	15	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,140	700	435	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	15	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	20	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	60	25	35	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	10,115	4,970	5,140	1.9	1.9	1.9	5	0	5	0.9	0.0	1.9	336,635	164,100	172,535	4.0	3.9	4.1
Albanian	130	70	55	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,910	945	970	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	25	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	12,325	5,870	6,455	0.1	0.1	0.2
Balto-Slavic languages	1,150	575	580	0.2	0.2	0.2	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	39,725	18,855	20,870	0.5	0.5	0.5
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	150	60	90	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	60	30	30	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	95	35	60	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	1,150	575	580	0.2	0.2	0.2	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	39,575	18,795	20,775	0.5	0.5	0.5
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	30	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	110	50	60	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	4,535	2,230	2,305	0.1	0.1	0.1
Czech	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	375	180	200	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	125	65	60	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	45	20	25	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	4,795	2,110	2,685	0.1	0.1	0.1
Russian	410	205	205	0.1	0.1	0.1	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	22,770	10,815	11,960	0.3	0.3	0.3
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	515	265	245	0.1	0.1	0.1	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	4,205	2,085	2,125	0.1	0.1	0.1
Bosnian	325	165	160	0.1	0.1	0.1	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,075	530	545	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	65	35	30	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	945	445	505	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	105	55	50	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,090	1,060	1,030	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	20	15	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	100	50	45	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	200	85	115	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	150	70	85	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	65	35	35	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,375	1,135	1,240	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	45	35	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	90	45	40	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10,320	5,250	5,075	0.1	0.1	0.1
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	110	30	75	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	55	30	25	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	9,600	4,930	4,675	0.1	0.1	0.1
German	50	25	25	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,685	805	880	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	235	125	115	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	7,680	4,000	3,675	0.1	0.1	0.1
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	25	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	420	200	215	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	65	30	35	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	25	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	300	145	155	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	40	20	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	175	85	95	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	35	15	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	25	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	100	50	50	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	20	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	15,235	7,015	8,220	0.2	0.2	0.2
Indo-Iranian languages	1,265	615	650	0.2	0.2	0.2	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	74,455	38,045	36,410	0.9	0.9	0.9
Indo-Aryan languages	635	315	320	0.1	0.1	0.1	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	46,420	24,225	22,195	0.6	0.6	0.5
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	80	35	40	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	8,760	4,360	4,405	0.1	0.1	0.1
Gujarati	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	4,630	2,360	2,270	0.1	0.1	0.1
Hindi	35	20	15	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,525	1,915	1,615	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	95	45	55	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	20	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	255	135	120	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	405	205	200	0.1	0.1	0.1	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	880	445	430	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	19,290	10,435	8,855	0.2	0.3	0.2
Rohingya	80	30	45	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	80	30	45	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	35	15	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	425	225	205	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	8,250	4,160	4,090	0.1	0.1	0.1
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	150	80	70	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	630	300	330	0.1	0.1	0.1	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	28,020	13,810	14,210	0.3	0.3	0.3
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	75	35	40	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	625	325	300	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	15	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,110	590	520	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	550	265	285	0.1	0.1	0.1	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	26,205	12,850	13,355	0.3	0.3	0.3
Dari	120	55	70	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	7,595	3,780	3,815	0.1	0.1	0.1
Iranian Persian	380	190	195	0.1	0.1	0.1	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	16,660	8,135	8,530	0.2	0.2	0.2
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	45	20	25	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,950	940	1,005	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	65	35	35	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	20	15	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	7,430	3,635	3,795	1.4	1.4	1.4	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	182,585	88,060	94,525	2.2	2.1	2.2
Catalan	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	135	70	65	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	100	55	45	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	26,290	11,205	15,085	0.3	0.3	0.4
Portuguese	1,835	925	915	0.3	0.3	0.3	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	20,885	9,965	10,920	0.2	0.2	0.3
Romanian	400	185	215	0.1	0.1	0.1	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	22,255	10,895	11,355	0.3	0.3	0.3
Spanish	5,080	2,470	2,615	0.9	0.9	0.9	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	112,915	55,870	57,050	1.3	1.3	1.3
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	105	55	45	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	35	15	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	70	20	45	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,155	455	700	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	25	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	4,760	2,135	2,630	0.1	0.1	0.1
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	145	70	80	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	1,200	575	630	0.2	0.2	0.2	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10,160	4,895	5,265	0.1	0.1	0.1
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	485	235	245	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	25	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	385	195	195	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	25	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	20	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	225	115	110	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	65	35	25	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	850	445	410	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	30	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	145	65	80	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	965	415	545	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	40	25	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	930	410	525	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	20	5	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	35	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	235	105	130	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,655	775	875	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	45	20	25	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	105	75	35	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	420	200	220	0.1	0.1	0.1	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,665	810	855	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	45	15	25	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	245	100	145	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	125	60	65	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,470	795	675	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	240	115	130	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	75	35	40	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	720	320	400	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	70	30	40	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	395	195	200	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	70	30	35	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	365	180	185	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	25	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	180	100	80	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,235	1,285	945	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	300	165	135	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	140	80	60	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,385	775	615	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	40	20	20	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	550	345	205	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	920	465	460	0.2	0.2	0.2	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	67,120	31,725	35,390	0.8	0.8	0.8
Chinese languages	840	425	420	0.2	0.2	0.2	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	66,880	31,610	35,275	0.8	0.8	0.8
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	150	65	80	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	655	330	325	0.1	0.1	0.1	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	46,925	22,275	24,650	0.6	0.5	0.6
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	15	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	15	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,510	680	835	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	535	260	275	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	155	75	80	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	16,860	7,870	8,985	0.2	0.2	0.2
Chinese, n.o.s.	10	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	870	445	430	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	80	40	35	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	190	90	100	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	40	15	25	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	75	40	40	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	55	30	30	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	60	30	35	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	40	25	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	45	15	25	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,325	1,095	1,230	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	35	10	20	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,060	995	1,065	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	255	95	160	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	30	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	6,005	3,005	3,000	0.1	0.1	0.1
Azerbaijani	15	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	175	95	75	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	15	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5,540	2,780	2,765	0.1	0.1	0.1
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	145	65	85	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	95	45	50	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	35	20	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	35	15	20	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,505	670	830	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	15	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	45	20	25	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	30	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,445	645	805	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	55	25	25	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	10,780	5,490	5,295	2.0	2.1	1.9	5	5	5	0.9	1.9	1.9	357,245	176,070	181,175	4.2	4.2	4.3
English and French	4,225	2,240	1,985	0.8	0.8	0.7	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	137,120	69,025	68,095	1.6	1.7	1.6
English and non-official language(s)	305	150	150	0.1	0.1	0.1	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	60,495	29,540	30,950	0.7	0.7	0.7
French and non-official language(s)	5,520	2,720	2,795	1.0	1.0	1.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	116,595	56,445	60,150	1.4	1.4	1.4
English, French and non-official language(s)	665	340	330	0.1	0.1	0.1	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	39,875	19,575	20,300	0.5	0.5	0.5
Multiple non-official languages	70	30	35	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,160	1,485	1,675	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	542,435	265,015	277,415	100.0	100.0	100.0	530	260	275	100.0	100.0	100.0	8,406,905	4,163,945	4,242,960	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	502,640	244,320	258,325	92.7	92.2	93.1	500	245	255	94.3	94.2	92.7	7,302,915	3,612,760	3,690,155	86.9	86.8	87.0
English	16,745	9,250	7,490	3.1	3.5	2.7	20	10	10	3.8	3.8	3.6	353,690	183,470	170,225	4.2	4.4	4.0
French	8,425	4,175	4,245	1.6	1.6	1.5	5	0	5	0.9	0.0	1.8	259,425	127,380	132,040	3.1	3.1	3.1
Non-official language	9,385	4,575	4,810	1.7	1.7	1.7	5	0	5	0.9	0.0	1.8	269,715	129,830	139,890	3.2	3.1	3.3
Indigenous³⁹	110	55	50	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5,315	2,495	2,820	0.1	0.1	0.1
Non-Indigenous	9,280	4,520	4,755	1.7	1.7	1.7	5	0	5	0.9	0.0	1.8	264,405	127,330	137,070	3.1	3.1	3.2
English and French	1,135	600	535	0.2	0.2	0.2	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	61,955	31,425	30,525	0.7	0.8	0.7
English and non-official language(s)	2,595	1,340	1,255	0.5	0.5	0.5	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	76,755	38,765	37,990	0.9	0.9	0.9
French and non-official language(s)	670	305	360	0.1	0.1	0.1	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	55,860	26,915	28,945	0.7	0.6	0.7
English, French and non-official language(s)	155	85	65	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	7,295	3,700	3,595	0.1	0.1	0.1
Multiple non-official languages	680	355	325	0.1	0.1	0.1	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	19,290	9,695	9,595	0.2	0.2	0.2
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	533,540	261,755	271,785	100.0	100.0	100.0	540	280	260	100.0	100.0	100.0	8,308,475	4,126,860	4,181,625	100.0	100.0	100.0
Official languages	531,350	260,805	270,545	99.6	99.6	99.5	535	280	255	99.1	100.0	98.1	8,227,220	4,091,995	4,135,230	99.0	99.2	98.9
English	232,115	125,640	106,470	43.5	48.0	39.2	180	130	55	33.3	46.4	21.2	4,317,180	2,253,720	2,063,465	52.0	54.6	49.3
French	529,110	259,640	269,475	99.2	99.2	99.2	535	280	255	99.1	100.0	98.1	7,786,735	3,864,990	3,921,750	93.7	93.7	93.8
Non-official languages	66,825	31,525	35,290	12.5	12.0	13.0	20	10	10	3.7	3.6	3.8	1,853,710	899,285	954,430	22.3	21.8	22.8
Indigenous languages³⁹	685	305	385	0.1	0.1	0.1	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	50,165	24,530	25,640	0.6	0.6	0.6
Algonquian languages	590	265	335	0.1	0.1	0.1	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	35,985	17,600	18,380	0.4	0.4	0.4
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	580	250	330	0.1	0.1	0.1	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	33,860	16,570	17,290	0.4	0.4	0.4
Atikamekw	70	25	40	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	6,770	3,435	3,330	0.1	0.1	0.1
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	17,930	8,910	9,020	0.2	0.2	0.2
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	50	20	40	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	855	425	430	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	4,230	2,040	2,195	0.1	0.0	0.1
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	75	35	40	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	265	120	145	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	90	45	45	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	12,650	6,365	6,285	0.2	0.2	0.2
Innu (Montagnais)	480	210	275	0.1	0.1	0.1	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	8,710	3,990	4,720	0.1	0.1	0.1
Naskapi	45	25	20	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,000	495	505	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	370	210	160	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	370	205	160	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,945	900	1,045	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,750	800	955	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	25	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	210	110	100	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	155	75	70	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	60	30	30	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	55	25	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	95	50	45	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	90	50	40	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	65	40	25	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	20	20	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	35	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	90	40	50	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	13,900	6,750	7,150	0.2	0.2	0.2
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	85	40	45	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	13,880	6,740	7,140	0.2	0.2	0.2
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	240	125	110	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	215	110	100	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	20	20	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	35	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	30	30	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	20	20	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	65	45	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	95	50	45	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	66,155	31,235	34,915	12.4	11.9	12.8	20	10	10	3.7	3.6	3.8	1,804,195	875,095	929,095	21.7	21.2	22.2
Afro-Asiatic languages	12,230	6,515	5,715	2.3	2.5	2.1	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	385,210	201,105	184,100	4.6	4.9	4.4
Berber languages	1,160	655	500	0.2	0.3	0.2	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	39,965	21,145	18,820	0.5	0.5	0.5
Kabyle	935	510	425	0.2	0.2	0.2	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	35,660	18,725	16,930	0.4	0.5	0.4
Tamazight	170	115	60	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,840	2,160	1,680	0.0	0.1	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	85	60	25	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,000	545	455	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	325	180	145	0.1	0.1	0.1	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,900	1,550	1,350	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	185	100	80	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,250	725	525	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	140	80	65	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,650	825	825	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,150	580	575	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	85	35	45	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,145	990	1,160	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	25	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	55	20	35	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	85	35	45	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,025	925	1,100	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	100	45	50	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	11,380	6,050	5,335	2.1	2.3	2.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	363,875	190,005	173,870	4.4	4.6	4.2
Amharic	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,225	605	620	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	11,240	5,955	5,285	2.1	2.3	1.9	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	343,675	179,750	163,930	4.1	4.4	3.9
Aramaic languages	15	15	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	935	460	480	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	205	110	100	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	80	45	35	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	660	310	345	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	110	70	30	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	19,210	9,935	9,275	0.2	0.2	0.2
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	40	20	25	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,010	490	520	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	165	90	70	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	1,370	620	755	0.3	0.2	0.3	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	49,720	23,320	26,405	0.6	0.6	0.6
Khmer (Cambodian)	385	155	230	0.1	0.1	0.1	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	12,785	5,930	6,855	0.2	0.1	0.2
Vietnamese	995	455	540	0.2	0.2	0.2	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	37,655	17,735	19,920	0.5	0.4	0.5
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	105	60	45	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	790	305	480	0.1	0.1	0.2	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	40,880	16,660	24,225	0.5	0.4	0.6
Bikol	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	340	150	190	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	655	285	370	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	30	10	20	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,940	625	1,315	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,215	470	745	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	20	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,845	1,565	2,280	0.0	0.0	0.1
Indonesian	60	20	35	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,510	625	885	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	85	45	45	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	85	25	60	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	340	145	190	0.1	0.1	0.1	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,265	1,670	1,595	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	170	70	100	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,215	1,140	1,075	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	170	75	95	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,085	570	515	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	595	275	320	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	30	0	25	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	460	195	265	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	200	90	105	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	320	120	200	0.1	0.0	0.1	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	33,810	13,330	20,480	0.4	0.3	0.5
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	215	100	115	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	50	10	30	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,645	655	990	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	1,720	810	915	0.3	0.3	0.3	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	135,275	62,040	73,235	1.6	1.5	1.8
Haitian Creole	1,220	540	680	0.2	0.2	0.3	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	118,010	53,530	64,480	1.4	1.3	1.5
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	340	165	175	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	75	25	50	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	80	40	35	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	6,810	3,480	3,330	0.1	0.1	0.1
Sango	205	110	95	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,070	570	500	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	140	80	60	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	17,995	8,440	9,560	0.2	0.2	0.2
Creole languages, n.i.e.	125	65	60	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,010	1,380	1,630	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	80	40	40	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	25,390	13,070	12,320	0.3	0.3	0.3
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	925	530	395	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,530	1,325	1,200	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	40	20	25	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	20,050	9,955	10,100	0.2	0.2	0.2
Telugu	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,260	2,055	1,205	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	80	30	50	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	95	55	40	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	245	110	135	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	41,540	19,135	22,405	7.8	7.3	8.2	10	10	0	1.9	3.6	0.0	1,014,365	490,155	524,215	12.2	11.9	12.5
Albanian	360	185	175	0.1	0.1	0.1	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	4,545	2,315	2,230	0.1	0.1	0.1
Armenian	100	40	60	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	22,100	10,785	11,310	0.3	0.3	0.3
Balto-Slavic languages	3,470	1,725	1,740	0.7	0.7	0.6	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	95,385	45,060	50,330	1.1	1.1	1.2
Baltic languages	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,105	465	635	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	440	180	260	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	660	290	375	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	3,455	1,715	1,740	0.6	0.7	0.6	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	94,580	44,695	49,885	1.1	1.1	1.2
Belarusian	15	15	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	410	185	230	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	295	125	170	0.1	0.0	0.1	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	8,110	3,950	4,165	0.1	0.1	0.1
Czech	70	30	45	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,165	1,040	1,120	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	455	205	250	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	340	165	175	0.1	0.1	0.1	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	16,790	7,555	9,235	0.2	0.2	0.2
Russian	1,555	785	770	0.3	0.3	0.3	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	55,485	26,345	29,135	0.7	0.6	0.7
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	15	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	1,220	620	595	0.2	0.2	0.2	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	11,145	5,505	5,635	0.1	0.1	0.1
Bosnian	835	435	400	0.2	0.2	0.1	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,060	1,520	1,540	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	250	125	120	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	4,710	2,300	2,405	0.1	0.1	0.1
Serbian	295	135	155	0.1	0.1	0.1	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5,285	2,560	2,725	0.1	0.1	0.1
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	40	30	15	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	315	175	140	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,380	630	750	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	810	340	465	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	275	115	160	0.1	0.0	0.1	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10,185	4,575	5,605	0.1	0.1	0.1
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	110	60	55	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	35	10	25	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	665	375	295	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	300	180	120	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	135	85	45	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	85	45	45	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	165	90	80	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	3,225	1,600	1,625	0.6	0.6	0.6	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	65,625	33,305	32,320	0.8	0.8	0.8
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	65	20	45	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	2,820	1,385	1,435	0.5	0.5	0.5	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	57,640	29,540	28,105	0.7	0.7	0.7
German	2,785	1,365	1,420	0.5	0.5	0.5	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	44,170	22,715	21,450	0.5	0.6	0.5
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	50	35	15	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,615	785	830	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	12,825	6,540	6,290	0.2	0.2	0.2
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	305	135	165	0.1	0.1	0.1	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	6,410	3,140	3,265	0.1	0.1	0.1
Afrikaans	20	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	580	295	285	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	275	130	140	0.1	0.0	0.1	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5,170	2,565	2,600	0.1	0.1	0.1
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	40	0	30	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	735	340	400	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	165	95	65	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,335	1,630	1,705	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	40	25	25	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	860	395	460	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	90	35	55	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	25	15	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	735	375	360	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	100	60	40	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,905	980	920	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	215	115	100	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	170	85	85	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	50,375	24,835	25,540	0.6	0.6	0.6
Indo-Iranian languages	2,280	1,155	1,120	0.4	0.4	0.4	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	136,020	71,180	64,840	1.6	1.7	1.6
Indo-Aryan languages	1,325	690	635	0.2	0.3	0.2	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	90,745	48,355	42,395	1.1	1.2	1.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	75	40	30	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	215	110	95	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	16,170	8,320	7,850	0.2	0.2	0.2
Gujarati	40	15	20	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10,640	5,590	5,050	0.1	0.1	0.1
Hindi	400	225	175	0.1	0.1	0.1	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	35,765	19,145	16,620	0.4	0.5	0.4
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	375	155	220	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	115	65	50	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	235	130	105	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	40	20	20	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,160	620	545	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	560	320	245	0.1	0.1	0.1	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,375	740	635	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	105	50	60	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	45	25	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	60	25	40	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	25	20	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	34,290	18,580	15,710	0.4	0.5	0.4
Rohingya	245	105	145	0.0	0.0	0.1	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	250	110	145	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	230	115	115	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,610	860	755	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	130	75	55	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	21,180	11,325	9,850	0.3	0.3	0.2
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	770	445	320	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	1,000	485	515	0.2	0.2	0.2	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	48,105	24,410	23,695	0.6	0.6	0.6
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	115	60	60	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,805	1,045	755	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	135	80	55	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,210	1,235	975	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	910	440	470	0.2	0.2	0.2	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	44,745	22,585	22,160	0.5	0.5	0.5
Dari	170	85	85	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	13,235	6,845	6,390	0.2	0.2	0.2
Iranian Persian	625	315	310	0.1	0.1	0.1	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	27,430	13,785	13,645	0.3	0.3	0.3
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	160	70	90	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	4,595	2,255	2,340	0.1	0.1	0.1
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	290	180	115	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	170	100	65	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	33,870	15,245	18,625	6.3	5.8	6.9	10	10	0	1.9	3.6	0.0	684,830	324,095	360,735	8.2	7.9	8.6
Catalan	100	55	45	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,250	725	530	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	2,770	1,405	1,365	0.5	0.5	0.5	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	168,040	82,400	85,645	2.0	2.0	2.0
Portuguese	3,810	2,035	1,775	0.7	0.8	0.7	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	65,605	33,005	32,600	0.8	0.8	0.8
Romanian	1,035	485	545	0.2	0.2	0.2	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	44,510	21,425	23,090	0.5	0.5	0.6
Spanish	28,335	12,365	15,970	5.3	4.7	5.9	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	453,905	210,400	243,505	5.5	5.1	5.8
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	50	35	15	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,105	670	435	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	20	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	285	150	135	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	645	330	310	0.1	0.1	0.1	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	9,305	4,485	4,820	0.1	0.1	0.1
Korean	155	50	105	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	9,265	3,920	5,350	0.1	0.1	0.1
Mongolian	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	320	125	195	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	6,985	3,415	3,570	1.3	1.3	1.3	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	75,835	37,990	37,845	0.9	0.9	0.9
Akan (Twi)	40	20	20	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,385	1,270	1,115	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	295	135	160	0.1	0.1	0.1	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,525	1,810	1,720	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	365	190	175	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	190	125	65	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,365	1,285	1,080	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	575	300	275	0.1	0.1	0.1	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5,820	2,995	2,825	0.1	0.1	0.1
Ga	15	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	375	225	150	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	25	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	280	135	150	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	80	25	55	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	745	435	315	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	815	370	445	0.2	0.1	0.2	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5,740	2,675	3,065	0.1	0.1	0.1
Lingala	675	360	315	0.1	0.1	0.1	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	14,985	7,255	7,730	0.2	0.2	0.2
Luba-Kasai	50	25	25	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,205	600	605	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	200	90	115	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,615	810	805	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	80	45	35	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	180	85	95	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	955	475	480	0.2	0.2	0.2	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	7,310	3,490	3,825	0.1	0.1	0.1
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	345	190	155	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	20	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	570	375	195	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	85	40	45	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	1,855	920	935	0.3	0.4	0.3	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	12,270	6,225	6,040	0.1	0.2	0.1
Wojenaka	185	105	85	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,195	1,100	1,095	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	965	490	470	0.2	0.2	0.2	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	9,930	5,325	4,595	0.1	0.1	0.1
Yoruba	25	20	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,100	1,610	1,490	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	1,915	960	960	0.4	0.4	0.4	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	17,915	9,215	8,695	0.2	0.2	0.2
Nilo-Saharan languages	270	115	155	0.1	0.0	0.1	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,865	905	960	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	270	115	155	0.1	0.0	0.1	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,845	895	950	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	105	50	50	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	995	555	440	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	660	270	390	0.1	0.1	0.1	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	8,070	3,485	4,580	0.1	0.1	0.1
American Sign Language	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,310	575	735	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	585	240	345	0.1	0.1	0.1	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5,740	2,340	3,400	0.1	0.1	0.1
Sign languages, n.i.e.	95	30	65	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,555	830	725	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	1,965	865	1,100	0.4	0.3	0.4	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	107,415	49,840	57,575	1.3	1.2	1.4
Chinese languages	1,825	795	1,030	0.3	0.3	0.4	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	106,915	49,630	57,285	1.3	1.2	1.4
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	810	370	445	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	1,390	585	805	0.3	0.2	0.3	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	80,520	37,100	43,420	1.0	0.9	1.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	70	35	35	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	105	55	55	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	4,310	1,855	2,455	0.1	0.0	0.1
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,255	565	685	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	425	185	240	0.1	0.1	0.1	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	34,030	15,430	18,600	0.4	0.4	0.4
Chinese, n.o.s.	35	20	20	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,500	785	715	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	245	125	120	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	130	70	65	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	465	190	275	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	30	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	135	30	110	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	25	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	35	10	25	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	20	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	190	100	95	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	95	45	50	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	130	60	70	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	100	60	45	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	285	110	180	0.1	0.0	0.1	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	7,330	3,170	4,160	0.1	0.1	0.1
Lao	130	55	70	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5,485	2,595	2,885	0.1	0.1	0.1
Thai	185	55	130	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,720	920	1,800	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	40	15	25	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	170	100	75	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	17,795	8,940	8,850	0.2	0.2	0.2
Azerbaijani	55	30	25	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	995	570	425	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	125	60	65	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	125	75	50	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	16,195	8,135	8,065	0.2	0.2	0.2
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	350	155	200	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	320	155	170	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	350	165	185	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	150	80	70	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	7,595	3,485	4,115	0.1	0.1	0.1
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	230	90	140	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	35	20	15	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	525	250	270	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	115	55	55	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	6,850	3,145	3,705	0.1	0.1	0.1
Other languages, n.i.e.	30	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	835	430	405	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	533,540	261,755	271,785	100.0	100.0	100.0	540	280	260	100.0	100.0	100.0	8,308,480	4,126,855	4,181,625	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	9,395	4,520	4,870	1.8	1.7	1.8	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	205,010	101,150	103,865	2.5	2.5	2.5
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	8,750	4,200	4,545	1.6	1.6	1.7	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	193,365	95,320	98,045	2.3	2.3	2.3
First Nations (North American Indian)	5,380	2,550	2,830	1.0	1.0	1.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	116,550	56,080	60,475	1.4	1.4	1.4
Métis	3,165	1,555	1,605	0.6	0.6	0.6	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	61,010	31,620	29,390	0.7	0.8	0.7
Inuk (Inuit)	200	90	110	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	15,800	7,620	8,175	0.2	0.2	0.2
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	190	105	85	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,135	1,575	1,560	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	450	210	240	0.1	0.1	0.1	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	8,515	4,245	4,265	0.1	0.1	0.1
Non-Indigenous identity	524,150	257,235	266,915	98.2	98.3	98.2	535	280	260	99.1	100.0	100.0	8,103,470	4,025,710	4,077,760	97.5	97.5	97.5
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	533,540	261,755	271,785	100.0	100.0	100.0	540	280	260	100.0	100.0	100.0	8,308,480	4,126,855	4,181,625	100.0	100.0	100.0
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	3,260	1,535	1,725	0.6	0.6	0.6	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	76,775	37,825	38,945	0.9	0.9	0.9
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	530,280	260,220	270,060	99.4	99.4	99.4	535	280	260	99.1	100.0	100.0	8,231,705	4,089,030	4,142,680	99.1	99.1	99.1
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	265,715	...	...	100.0	...	...	190	...	...	100.0	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	100.0	...	...
Owner	136,145	...	...	51.2	...	...	180	...	...	94.7	...	...	2,245,605	...	...	59.9	...	...
Renter	129,565	...	...	48.8	...	...	10	...	...	5.3	...	...	1,497,010	...	...	39.9	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0.0	...	...	0	...	...	0.0	...	...	6,425	...	...	0.2	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	265,715	...	...	100.0	...	...	190	...	...	100.0	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	100.0	...	...
Condominium	47,950	...	...	18.0	...	...	0	...	...	0.0	...	...	515,590	...	...	13.8	...	...
Not condominium	217,765	...	...	82.0	...	...	190	...	...	100.0	...	...	3,233,445	...	...	86.2	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	265,715	...	...	100.0	...	...	190	...	...	100.0	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	100.0	...	...
No bedrooms	3,330	...	...	1.3	...	...	0	...	...	0.0	...	...	32,020	...	...	0.9	...	...
1 bedroom	58,930	...	...	22.2	...	...	15	...	...	7.9	...	...	623,295	...	...	16.6	...	...
2 bedrooms	92,570	...	...	34.8	...	...	15	...	...	7.9	...	...	1,173,600	...	...	31.3	...	...
3 bedrooms	70,355	...	...	26.5	...	...	100	...	...	52.6	...	...	1,189,790	...	...	31.7	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	40,530	...	...	15.3	...	...	65	...	...	34.2	...	...	730,330	...	...	19.5	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	265,715	...	...	100.0	...	...	190	...	...	100.0	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	123,770	...	...	46.6	...	...	15	...	...	7.9	...	...	1,378,765	...	...	36.8	...	...
5 rooms	41,655	...	...	15.7	...	...	20	...	...	10.5	...	...	645,635	...	...	17.2	...	...
6 rooms	24,590	...	...	9.3	...	...	25	...	...	13.2	...	...	435,225	...	...	11.6	...	...
7 rooms	22,735	...	...	8.6	...	...	50	...	...	26.3	...	...	403,225	...	...	10.8	...	...
8 or more rooms	52,960	...	...	19.9	...	...	80	...	...	42.1	...	...	886,180	...	...	23.6	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	5.4	...	...	5.4	...	...	7.3	...	...	7.3	...	...	5.8	...	...	5.8	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	265,715	...	...	100.0	...	...	190	...	...	100.0	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	100.0	...	...
One person or fewer per room	263,990	...	...	99.4	...	...	190	...	...	100.0	...	...	3,700,720	...	...	98.7	...	...
More than one person per room	1,725	...	...	0.6	...	...	0	...	...	0.0	...	...	48,315	...	...	1.3	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	265,715	...	...	100.0	...	...	190	...	...	100.0	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	100.0	...	...
Suitable	260,295	...	...	98.0	...	...	190	...	...	100.0	...	...	3,606,260	...	...	96.2	...	...
Not suitable	5,420	...	...	2.0	...	...	0	...	...	0.0	...	...	142,775	...	...	3.8	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	265,715	...	...	100.0	...	...	190	...	...	100.0	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	100.0	...	...
1960 or before	55,205	...	...	20.8	...	...	0	...	...	0.0	...	...	879,375	...	...	23.5	...	...
1961 to 1980	80,320	...	...	30.2	...	...	40	...	...	21.1	...	...	1,114,690	...	...	29.7	...	...
1981 to 1990	39,705	...	...	14.9	...	...	105	...	...	55.3	...	...	509,120	...	...	13.6	...	...
1991 to 2000	29,160	...	...	11.0	...	...	45	...	...	23.7	...	...	385,315	...	...	10.3	...	...
2001 to 2005	13,630	...	...	5.1	...	...	0	...	...	0.0	...	...	198,595	...	...	5.3	...	...
2006 to 2010	15,940	...	...	6.0	...	...	0	...	...	0.0	...	...	231,930	...	...	6.2	...	...
2011 to 2015	15,515	...	...	5.8	...	...	0	...	...	0.0	...	...	212,290	...	...	5.7	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	16,240	...	...	6.1	...	...	0	...	...	0.0	...	...	217,715	...	...	5.8	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	265,715	...	...	100.0	...	...	190	...	...	100.0	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	100.0	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	252,200	...	...	94.9	...	...	190	...	...	100.0	...	...	3,512,925	...	...	93.7	...	...
Major repairs needed	13,510	...	...	5.1	...	...	0	...	...	0.0	...	...	236,110	...	...	6.3	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	265,715	...	...	100.0	...	...	190	...	...	100.0	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-maintainer household	155,015	...	...	58.3	...	...	70	...	...	36.8	...	...	2,097,670	...	...	56.0	...	...
Two-maintainer household	106,740	...	...	40.2	...	...	120	...	...	63.2	...	...	1,561,495	...	...	41.7	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	3,965	...	...	1.5	...	...	0	...	...	0.0	...	...	89,875	...	...	2.4	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	265,715	...	...	100.0	...	...	190	...	...	100.0	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	100.0	...	...
15 to 24 years	11,640	...	...	4.4	...	...	0	...	...	0.0	...	...	117,525	...	...	3.1	...	...
25 to 34 years	42,570	...	...	16.0	...	...	20	...	...	10.5	...	...	525,540	...	...	14.0	...	...
35 to 44 years	44,495	...	...	16.7	...	...	70	...	...	36.8	...	...	647,165	...	...	17.3	...	...
45 to 54 years	38,860	...	...	14.6	...	...	35	...	...	18.4	...	...	628,630	...	...	16.8	...	...
55 to 64 years	49,225	...	...	18.5	...	...	45	...	...	23.7	...	...	760,395	...	...	20.3	...	...
65 to 74 years	45,090	...	...	17.0	...	...	20	...	...	10.5	...	...	629,965	...	...	16.8	...	...
75 to 84 years	26,135	...	...	9.8	...	...	0	...	...	0.0	...	...	336,170	...	...	9.0	...	...
85 years and over	7,695	...	...	2.9	...	...	0	...	...	0.0	...	...	103,640	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	264,715	...	...	100.0	...	...	195	...	...	100.0	...	...	3,706,605	...	...	100.0	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	222,060	...	...	83.9	...	...	190	...	...	97.4	...	...	3,110,920	...	...	83.9	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	42,655	...	...	16.1	...	...	0	...	...	0.0	...	...	595,690	...	...	16.1	...	...
30% to less than 100%	39,255	...	...	14.8	...	...	0	...	...	0.0	...	...	542,060	...	...	14.6	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	265,715	...	...	100.0	...	...	195	...	...	100.0	...	...	3,749,035	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	58,545	...	...	22.0	...	...	0	...	...	0.0	...	...	901,440	...	...	24.0	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	40,000	...	...	15.1	...	...	0	...	...	0.0	...	...	537,090	...	...	14.3	...	...
Not suitable only	4,570	...	...	1.7	...	...	0	...	...	0.0	...	...	112,775	...	...	3.0	...	...
Major repairs needed only	10,950	...	...	4.1	...	...	0	...	...	0.0	...	...	179,840	...	...	4.8	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	465	...	...	0.2	...	...	0	...	...	0.0	...	...	15,470	...	...	0.4	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	2,175	...	...	0.8	...	...	0	...	...	0.0	...	...	41,740	...	...	1.1	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	370	...	...	0.1	...	...	0	...	...	0.0	...	...	13,135	...	...	0.4	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	20	...	...	0.0	...	...	0	...	...	0.0	...	...	1,395	...	...	0.0	...	...
Acceptable housing	207,170	...	...	78.0	...	...	185	...	...	94.9	...	...	2,847,590	...	...	76.0	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	261,320	...	...	100.0	...	...	195	...	...	100.0	...	...	3,652,985	...	...	100.0	...	...
In core need	14,230	...	...	5.4	...	...	0	...	...	0.0	...	...	218,275	...	...	6.0	...	...
Not in core need	247,085	...	...	94.6	...	...	195	...	...	100.0	...	...	3,434,710	...	...	94.0	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	136,115	...	...	...	...	...	185	...	...	...	...	...	2,227,470	...	...	...	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	62.7	...	...	62.7	...	...	78.4	...	...	78.4	...	...	62.2	...	...	62.2	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	8.4	...	...	8.4	...	...	0.0	...	...	0.0	...	...	10.0	...	...	10.0	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	1.4	...	...	1.4	...	...	0.0	...	...	0.0	...	...	2.1	...	...	2.1	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,130	...	...	1,130	...	...	1,330	...	...	1,330	...	...	1,070	...	...	1,070	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,195	...	...	1,195	...	...	1,230	...	...	1,230	...	...	1,195	...	...	1,195	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	300,000	...	...	300,000	...	...	300,000	...	...	300,000	...	...	300,000	...	...	300,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	326,800	...	...	326,800	...	...	304,000	...	...	304,000	...	...	376,800	...	...	376,800	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	129,565	...	...	...	...	...	0	...	...	...	...	...	1,493,510	...	...	...	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	10.5	...	...	10.5	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	8.6	...	...	8.6	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	24.3	...	...	24.3	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	25.2	...	...	25.2	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	9.8	...	...	9.8	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	11.9	...	...	11.9	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	830	...	...	830	...	...	x	...	...	x	...	...	810	...	...	810	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	904	...	...	904	...	...	x	...	...	x	...	...	886	...	...	886	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	...	...	...	0	...	...	...	...	...	6,425	...	...	...	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	4.2	...	...	4.2	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	440	...	...	440	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	449	...	...	449	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	533,540	261,755	271,785	100.0	100.0	100.0	540	275	265	100.0	100.0	100.0	8,308,480	4,126,855	4,181,620	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	7,295	3,305	3,985	1.4	1.3	1.5	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	177,300	86,310	90,990	2.1	2.1	2.2
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	7,200	3,265	3,930	1.3	1.2	1.4	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	174,610	85,025	89,585	2.1	2.1	2.1
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	6,020	2,765	3,255	1.1	1.1	1.2	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	140,690	68,395	72,300	1.7	1.7	1.7
Métis single ancestry	1,060	470	590	0.2	0.2	0.2	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	20,510	10,205	10,310	0.2	0.2	0.2
Inuit single ancestry	125	35	90	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	13,410	6,425	6,980	0.2	0.2	0.2
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	90	35	55	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,685	1,280	1,400	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	75	25	55	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,830	865	965	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	15	15	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	760	365	400	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	55	40	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	45	20	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	11,965	5,470	6,495	2.2	2.1	2.4	10	0	0	1.9	0.0	0.0	203,425	96,595	106,830	2.4	2.3	2.6
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	11,725	5,380	6,350	2.2	2.1	2.3	10	0	0	1.9	0.0	0.0	200,985	95,520	105,460	2.4	2.3	2.5
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	10,670	4,840	5,830	2.0	1.8	2.1	10	0	0	1.9	0.0	0.0	177,925	84,210	93,720	2.1	2.0	2.2
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	945	460	480	0.2	0.2	0.2	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	19,935	9,910	10,020	0.2	0.2	0.2
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	115	75	40	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,120	1,405	1,720	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	235	85	145	0.0	0.0	0.1	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,435	1,070	1,370	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	195	70	125	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,800	775	1,025	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	35	15	25	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	535	240	295	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	45	25	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	60	25	30	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	514,285	252,985	261,300	96.4	96.6	96.1	530	275	250	98.1	100.0	94.3	7,927,760	3,943,960	3,983,805	95.4	95.6	95.3
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	533,540	261,755	271,785	100.0	100.0	100.0	540	280	260	100.0	100.0	100.0	8,308,480	4,126,855	4,181,620	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	503,370	246,560	256,810	94.3	94.2	94.5	535	280	255	99.1	100.0	98.1	7,790,215	3,862,365	3,927,855	93.8	93.6	93.9
Canadian citizens aged under 18	89,385	45,425	43,960	16.8	17.4	16.2	180	90	95	33.3	32.1	36.5	1,570,720	805,100	765,625	18.9	19.5	18.3
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	413,985	201,140	212,845	77.6	76.8	78.3	355	195	165	65.7	69.6	63.5	6,219,495	3,057,265	3,162,230	74.9	74.1	75.6
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	30,170	15,195	14,980	5.7	5.8	5.5	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	518,265	264,490	253,775	6.2	6.4	6.1
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	533,540	261,755	271,785	100.0	100.0	100.0	540	280	260	100.0	100.0	100.0	8,308,480	4,126,855	4,181,620	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	475,200	232,315	242,880	89.1	88.8	89.4	530	275	255	98.1	98.2	98.1	6,892,110	3,424,400	3,467,705	83.0	83.0	82.9
Immigrants⁸¹	45,235	22,475	22,760	8.5	8.6	8.4	10	0	10	1.9	0.0	3.8	1,210,600	588,960	621,640	14.6	14.3	14.9
Before 1980	3,130	1,745	1,385	0.6	0.7	0.5	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	187,200	91,895	95,300	2.3	2.2	2.3
1980 to 1990	2,440	1,330	1,110	0.5	0.5	0.4	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	124,610	61,850	62,755	1.5	1.5	1.5
1991 to 2000	4,775	2,295	2,475	0.9	0.9	0.9	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	190,495	91,635	98,860	2.3	2.2	2.4
2001 to 2010	12,720	6,360	6,360	2.4	2.4	2.3	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	312,210	150,825	161,390	3.8	3.7	3.9
2011 to 2021⁸²	22,160	10,740	11,425	4.2	4.1	4.2	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	396,090	192,745	203,340	4.8	4.7	4.9
2011 to 2015	9,850	4,800	5,050	1.8	1.8	1.9	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	193,345	93,485	99,855	2.3	2.3	2.4
2016 to 2021	12,315	5,940	6,375	2.3	2.3	2.3	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	202,740	99,260	103,480	2.4	2.4	2.5
Non-permanent residents⁸³	13,115	6,965	6,150	2.5	2.7	2.3	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	205,770	113,500	92,275	2.5	2.8	2.2
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	45,235	22,475	22,760	100.0	100.0	100.0	10	0	10	100.0	0.0	100.0	1,210,600	588,955	621,645	100.0	100.0	100.0
Under 5 years	5,080	2,480	2,600	11.2	11.0	11.4	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	112,295	56,755	55,540	9.3	9.6	8.9
5 to 14 years	7,510	3,630	3,885	16.6	16.2	17.1	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	201,385	101,555	99,835	16.6	17.2	16.1
15 to 24 years	6,085	2,775	3,315	13.5	12.3	14.6	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	213,035	96,175	116,860	17.6	16.3	18.8
25 to 44 years	23,815	12,230	11,580	52.6	54.4	50.9	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	594,845	292,975	301,875	49.1	49.7	48.6
45 years and over	2,735	1,360	1,375	6.0	6.1	6.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	89,045	41,505	47,540	7.4	7.0	7.6
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	45,235	22,475	22,760	100.0	100.0	100.0	10	0	10	100.0	0.0	100.0	1,210,600	588,955	621,645	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	8,960	4,215	4,745	19.8	18.8	20.8	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	264,885	121,740	143,145	21.9	20.7	23.0
Brazil	1,115	545	570	2.5	2.4	2.5	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	9,705	4,520	5,180	0.8	0.8	0.8
Colombia	2,865	1,315	1,555	6.3	5.9	6.8	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	29,670	13,540	16,125	2.5	2.3	2.6
El Salvador	330	185	140	0.7	0.8	0.6	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	11,515	5,780	5,730	1.0	1.0	0.9
Guyana	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,350	1,090	1,260	0.2	0.2	0.2
Haiti	1,125	495	625	2.5	2.2	2.7	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	86,105	38,285	47,820	7.1	6.5	7.7
Jamaica	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	4,485	1,900	2,590	0.4	0.3	0.4
Mexico	780	365	415	1.7	1.6	1.8	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	17,390	7,935	9,455	1.4	1.3	1.5
Peru	300	135	160	0.7	0.6	0.7	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	13,885	6,295	7,595	1.1	1.1	1.2
Trinidad and Tobago	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,820	1,660	2,160	0.3	0.3	0.3
United States of America	770	355	410	1.7	1.6	1.8	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	24,945	12,195	12,745	2.1	2.1	2.1
Other places of birth in Americas	1,655	800	850	3.7	3.6	3.7	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	61,020	28,545	32,480	5.0	4.8	5.2
Europe	12,755	6,615	6,140	28.2	29.4	27.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	309,015	154,110	154,910	25.5	26.2	24.9
Bosnia and Herzegovina	860	445	415	1.9	2.0	1.8	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	4,015	1,995	2,025	0.3	0.3	0.3
Croatia	65	20	45	0.1	0.1	0.2	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,015	1,050	960	0.2	0.2	0.2
France	7,360	3,900	3,460	16.3	17.4	15.2	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	93,160	49,870	43,290	7.7	8.5	7.0
Germany	315	110	205	0.7	0.5	0.9	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	8,385	4,095	4,295	0.7	0.7	0.7
Greece	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	16,130	7,790	8,340	1.3	1.3	1.3
Hungary	35	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,930	1,455	1,475	0.2	0.2	0.2
Italy	320	190	125	0.7	0.8	0.5	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	43,975	21,940	22,040	3.6	3.7	3.5
Netherlands	35	10	25	0.1	0.0	0.1	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,655	870	785	0.1	0.1	0.1
Poland	225	120	105	0.5	0.5	0.5	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	9,670	4,120	5,555	0.8	0.7	0.9
Portugal	260	145	115	0.6	0.6	0.5	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	17,000	8,190	8,805	1.4	1.4	1.4
Romania	605	280	320	1.3	1.2	1.4	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	27,515	12,990	14,530	2.3	2.2	2.3
Russian Federation	270	130	135	0.6	0.6	0.6	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	11,690	4,865	6,825	1.0	0.8	1.1
Serbia⁸⁶	80	40	40	0.2	0.2	0.2	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,610	760	850	0.1	0.1	0.1
Ukraine	310	120	190	0.7	0.5	0.8	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	9,660	4,310	5,350	0.8	0.7	0.9
United Kingdom⁸⁷	255	185	70	0.6	0.8	0.3	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	12,290	6,575	5,715	1.0	1.1	0.9
Other places of birth in Europe	1,760	895	860	3.9	4.0	3.8	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	47,310	23,240	24,075	3.9	3.9	3.9
Africa	18,370	9,330	9,045	40.6	41.5	39.7	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	302,010	153,655	148,355	24.9	26.1	23.9
Algeria	1,915	1,055	865	4.2	4.7	3.8	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	72,835	37,535	35,295	6.0	6.4	5.7
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	1,310	610	705	2.9	2.7	3.1	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	15,595	7,460	8,140	1.3	1.3	1.3
Egypt	150	70	80	0.3	0.3	0.4	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	20,325	10,520	9,805	1.7	1.8	1.6
Eritrea	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	600	305	300	0.0	0.1	0.0
Ethiopia	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,045	485	565	0.1	0.1	0.1
Morocco	2,715	1,410	1,305	6.0	6.3	5.7	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	68,865	34,810	34,060	5.7	5.9	5.5
Nigeria	65	20	40	0.1	0.1	0.2	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,210	1,185	1,025	0.2	0.2	0.2
Somalia	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	675	330	350	0.1	0.1	0.1
South Africa, Republic of	55	15	40	0.1	0.1	0.2	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,025	575	450	0.1	0.1	0.1
Other places of birth in Africa	12,125	6,140	5,985	26.8	27.3	26.3	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	118,820	60,455	58,360	9.8	10.3	9.4
Asia	5,100	2,285	2,815	11.3	10.2	12.4	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	332,925	158,445	174,475	27.5	26.9	28.1
Afghanistan	150	70	80	0.3	0.3	0.4	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	9,545	4,825	4,725	0.8	0.8	0.8
Iran⁸⁸	310	140	170	0.7	0.6	0.7	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	20,235	10,020	10,215	1.7	1.7	1.6
Iraq	65	30	35	0.1	0.1	0.2	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	4,085	2,110	1,980	0.3	0.4	0.3
Lebanon	230	145	90	0.5	0.6	0.4	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	42,280	22,610	19,670	3.5	3.8	3.2
Syria⁸⁹	500	270	235	1.1	1.2	1.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	26,845	13,675	13,170	2.2	2.3	2.1
Turkey	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	7,450	3,850	3,605	0.6	0.7	0.6
China⁹⁰	840	275	565	1.9	1.2	2.5	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	52,500	23,010	29,490	4.3	3.9	4.7
Hong Kong⁹¹	50	20	30	0.1	0.1	0.1	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	4,900	2,385	2,520	0.4	0.4	0.4
Korea, South⁹²	65	35	35	0.1	0.2	0.2	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5,180	2,275	2,905	0.4	0.4	0.5
Taiwan	30	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.1	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,500	1,015	1,485	0.2	0.2	0.2
Philippines	255	85	170	0.6	0.4	0.7	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	31,350	11,835	19,515	2.6	2.0	3.1
Viet Nam	570	260	310	1.3	1.2	1.4	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	25,485	11,580	13,900	2.1	2.0	2.2
Bangladesh	210	100	110	0.5	0.4	0.5	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	8,965	4,510	4,455	0.7	0.8	0.7
India	100	55	45	0.2	0.2	0.2	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	24,990	12,770	12,225	2.1	2.2	2.0
Pakistan	25	25	10	0.1	0.1	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	11,250	5,970	5,285	0.9	1.0	0.9
Sri Lanka	25	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10,910	5,350	5,560	0.9	0.9	0.9
Other places of birth in Asia	1,645	755	895	3.6	3.4	3.9	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	44,455	20,665	23,790	3.7	3.5	3.8
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	45	30	15	0.1	0.1	0.1	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,765	1,010	750	0.1	0.2	0.1
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	12,315	5,940	6,375	100.0	100.0	100.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	202,740	99,265	103,480	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	1,575	770	805	12.8	13.0	12.6	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	30,910	14,985	15,920	15.2	15.1	15.4
Brazil	380	185	195	3.1	3.1	3.1	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,575	1,170	1,410	1.3	1.2	1.4
Colombia	380	170	210	3.1	2.9	3.3	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	4,295	1,985	2,315	2.1	2.0	2.2
Haiti	190	90	100	1.5	1.5	1.6	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	8,600	4,210	4,395	4.2	4.2	4.2
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	215	130	90	0.1	0.1	0.1
Mexico	120	70	55	1.0	1.2	0.9	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,520	1,240	1,280	1.2	1.2	1.2
United States of America	135	65	70	1.1	1.1	1.1	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	4,140	2,170	1,975	2.0	2.2	1.9
Venezuela⁹⁵	50	20	25	0.4	0.3	0.4	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,690	670	1,020	0.8	0.7	1.0
Other places of birth in Americas	310	170	140	2.5	2.9	2.2	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	6,860	3,420	3,440	3.4	3.4	3.3
Europe	2,240	1,130	1,115	18.2	19.0	17.5	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	33,705	17,520	16,185	16.6	17.6	15.6
France	1,755	900	855	14.3	15.2	13.4	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	20,980	11,325	9,655	10.3	11.4	9.3
Germany	20	10	15	0.2	0.2	0.2	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	530	295	240	0.3	0.3	0.2
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	100	85	15	0.0	0.1	0.0
Italy	35	30	10	0.3	0.5	0.2	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	700	420	285	0.3	0.4	0.3
Russian Federation	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,365	515	850	0.7	0.5	0.8
Ukraine	95	30	65	0.8	0.5	1.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,660	720	940	0.8	0.7	0.9
United Kingdom⁸⁷	25	25	0	0.2	0.4	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	975	615	360	0.5	0.6	0.3
Other places of birth in Europe	300	130	170	2.4	2.2	2.7	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	7,395	3,550	3,845	3.6	3.6	3.7
Africa	7,215	3,470	3,745	58.6	58.4	58.7	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	70,310	34,215	36,095	34.7	34.5	34.9
Algeria	360	175	185	2.9	2.9	2.9	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	13,975	6,730	7,245	6.9	6.8	7.0
Burundi	235	115	120	1.9	1.9	1.9	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,290	1,170	1,120	1.1	1.2	1.1
Cameroon	1,220	575	645	9.9	9.7	10.1	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	8,830	4,180	4,650	4.4	4.2	4.5
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	540	220	325	4.4	3.7	5.1	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	4,055	1,875	2,180	2.0	1.9	2.1
Côte d'Ivoire	1,585	780	800	12.9	13.1	12.5	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	6,305	3,055	3,255	3.1	3.1	3.1
Egypt	25	10	15	0.2	0.2	0.2	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,385	1,255	1,135	1.2	1.3	1.1
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	300	160	135	0.1	0.2	0.1
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	155	75	75	0.1	0.1	0.1
Morocco	735	350	385	6.0	5.9	6.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	9,515	4,435	5,080	4.7	4.5	4.9
Nigeria	50	15	35	0.4	0.3	0.5	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	995	525	470	0.5	0.5	0.5
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	75	40	30	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	190	100	85	0.1	0.1	0.1
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	100	55	45	0.0	0.1	0.0
Tunisia	685	365	320	5.6	6.1	5.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	6,640	3,375	3,260	3.3	3.4	3.2
Other places of birth in Africa	1,755	855	905	14.3	14.4	14.2	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	14,505	7,175	7,330	7.2	7.2	7.1
Asia	1,275	565	705	10.4	9.5	11.1	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	67,305	32,185	35,120	33.2	32.4	33.9
Afghanistan	70	25	40	0.6	0.4	0.6	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,515	1,250	1,265	1.2	1.3	1.2
Bangladesh	30	15	10	0.2	0.3	0.2	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,190	565	625	0.6	0.6	0.6
China⁹⁰	110	40	65	0.9	0.7	1.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10,735	4,680	6,055	5.3	4.7	5.9
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	150	70	75	0.1	0.1	0.1
India	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	8,460	4,430	4,030	4.2	4.5	3.9
Iran⁸⁸	90	35	50	0.7	0.6	0.8	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	4,135	1,895	2,235	2.0	1.9	2.2
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	715	385	325	0.4	0.4	0.3
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	395	205	185	0.2	0.2	0.2
Japan	25	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.2	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	325	75	250	0.2	0.1	0.2
Jordan	15	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	565	285	275	0.3	0.3	0.3
Korea, South⁹²	15	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,355	585	775	0.7	0.6	0.7
Lebanon	40	20	20	0.3	0.3	0.3	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,620	1,925	1,700	1.8	1.9	1.6
Nepal	30	15	15	0.2	0.3	0.2	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	245	140	100	0.1	0.1	0.1
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,160	1,135	1,025	1.1	1.1	1.0
Philippines	110	50	60	0.9	0.8	0.9	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	8,480	3,560	4,920	4.2	3.6	4.8
Saudi Arabia	20	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.2	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,390	790	600	0.7	0.8	0.6
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	710	320	385	0.4	0.3	0.4
Syria⁸⁹	405	210	195	3.3	3.5	3.1	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	13,390	6,960	6,425	6.6	7.0	6.2
Turkey	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	800	450	355	0.4	0.5	0.3
United Arab Emirates	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	975	510	470	0.5	0.5	0.5
Viet Nam	70	20	55	0.6	0.3	0.9	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,620	605	1,010	0.8	0.6	1.0
Other places of birth in Asia	195	85	115	1.6	1.4	1.8	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,390	1,355	2,035	1.7	1.4	2.0
Oceania and other⁹³	15	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	510	355	160	0.3	0.4	0.2
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	295	195	95	0.1	0.2	0.1
Other places of birth⁹⁸	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	220	160	60	0.1	0.2	0.1
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	533,540	261,755	271,785	100.0	100.0	100.0	540	280	260	100.0	100.0	100.0	8,308,480	4,126,860	4,181,625	100.0	100.0	100.0
First generation¹⁰⁰	61,925	30,910	31,010	11.6	11.8	11.4	30	15	10	5.6	5.4	3.8	1,471,845	728,125	743,715	17.7	17.6	17.8
Second generation¹⁰¹	29,090	14,690	14,400	5.5	5.6	5.3	15	0	15	2.8	0.0	5.8	883,485	446,000	437,490	10.6	10.8	10.5
Third generation or more¹⁰²	442,530	216,155	226,375	82.9	82.6	83.3	500	265	240	92.6	94.6	92.3	5,953,145	2,952,730	3,000,415	71.7	71.5	71.8
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	42,100	20,730	21,370	100.0	100.0	100.0	10	0	10	100.0	0.0	100.0	1,023,400	497,055	526,340	100.0	100.0	100.0
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	23,715	12,695	11,020	56.3	61.2	51.6	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	559,935	290,040	269,895	54.7	58.4	51.3
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	11,695	7,750	3,950	27.8	37.4	18.5	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	267,870	161,125	106,740	26.2	32.4	20.3
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	12,020	4,950	7,075	28.6	23.9	33.1	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	292,070	128,915	163,155	28.5	25.9	31.0
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	9,485	3,630	5,860	22.5	17.5	27.4	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	272,255	109,735	162,515	26.6	22.1	30.9
Refugees¹⁰⁸	8,695	4,315	4,380	20.7	20.8	20.5	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	175,740	89,995	85,740	17.2	18.1	16.3
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	200	90	110	0.5	0.4	0.5	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	15,470	7,290	8,185	1.5	1.5	1.6
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	42,100	20,730	21,370	100.0	100.0	100.0	10	0	10	100.0	0.0	100.0	1,023,400	497,055	526,340	100.0	100.0	100.0
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	980	560	425	2.3	2.7	2.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	89,850	47,360	42,495	8.8	9.5	8.1
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	3,565	1,845	1,720	8.5	8.9	8.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	94,185	46,445	47,740	9.2	9.3	9.1
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	1,520	725	795	3.6	3.5	3.7	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	25,505	13,385	12,115	2.5	2.7	2.3
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	3,255	1,920	1,335	7.7	9.3	6.2	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	48,805	27,680	21,130	4.8	5.6	4.0
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	230	100	120	0.5	0.5	0.6	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	8,935	3,495	5,440	0.9	0.7	1.0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	32,555	15,575	16,980	77.3	75.1	79.5	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	756,120	358,700	397,420	73.9	72.2	75.5
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	533,540	261,755	271,785	100.0	100.0	100.0	540	280	260	100.0	100.0	100.0	8,308,480	4,126,855	4,181,625	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	50,375	24,715	25,655	9.4	9.4	9.4	15	10	10	2.8	3.6	3.8	1,340,735	662,065	678,670	16.1	16.0	16.2
South Asian	1,610	870	740	0.3	0.3	0.3	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	127,990	67,140	60,850	1.5	1.6	1.5
Chinese	2,465	775	1,690	0.5	0.3	0.6	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	115,240	51,375	63,865	1.4	1.2	1.5
Black	21,955	10,995	10,955	4.1	4.2	4.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	422,405	206,335	216,070	5.1	5.0	5.2
Filipino	520	190	335	0.1	0.1	0.1	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	44,885	19,300	25,580	0.5	0.5	0.6
Arab	9,650	5,075	4,580	1.8	1.9	1.7	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	280,075	146,990	133,085	3.4	3.6	3.2
Latin American	8,585	4,155	4,430	1.6	1.6	1.6	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	172,925	85,035	87,880	2.1	2.1	2.1
Southeast Asian	2,755	1,275	1,485	0.5	0.5	0.5	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	70,455	33,510	36,945	0.8	0.8	0.9
West Asian	860	425	435	0.2	0.2	0.2	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	43,985	22,250	21,735	0.5	0.5	0.5
Korean	210	120	85	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10,360	4,825	5,535	0.1	0.1	0.1
Japanese	295	120	175	0.1	0.0	0.1	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5,305	2,190	3,120	0.1	0.1	0.1
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	450	225	230	0.1	0.1	0.1	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	12,150	6,020	6,125	0.1	0.1	0.1
Multiple visible minorities	1,015	495	525	0.2	0.2	0.2	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	34,960	17,080	17,875	0.4	0.4	0.4
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	483,165	237,040	246,125	90.6	90.6	90.6	525	275	255	97.2	98.2	98.1	6,967,745	3,464,790	3,502,955	83.9	84.0	83.8
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	533,540	261,760	271,785	100.0	100.0	100.0	540	280	260	100.0	100.0	100.0	8,308,475	4,126,860	4,181,625	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian	180,875	87,195	93,685	33.9	33.3	34.5	240	125	125	44.4	44.6	48.1	2,412,040	1,186,160	1,225,880	29.0	28.7	29.3
English	6,775	3,430	3,350	1.3	1.3	1.2	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	177,710	88,910	88,800	2.1	2.2	2.1
Irish	23,435	11,185	12,250	4.4	4.3	4.5	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	404,190	193,440	210,745	4.9	4.7	5.0
Scottish	8,710	4,260	4,455	1.6	1.6	1.6	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	192,685	93,120	99,565	2.3	2.3	2.4
French, n.o.s.¹²²	147,175	74,020	73,155	27.6	28.3	26.9	100	55	45	18.5	19.6	17.3	1,778,900	897,890	881,010	21.4	21.8	21.1
German	6,010	2,860	3,150	1.1	1.1	1.2	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	124,305	60,295	64,010	1.5	1.5	1.5
Chinese	2,825	955	1,870	0.5	0.4	0.7	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	123,985	55,730	68,255	1.5	1.4	1.6
Italian	7,020	3,530	3,490	1.3	1.3	1.3	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	316,315	157,600	158,720	3.8	3.8	3.8
Indian (India)	720	400	320	0.1	0.2	0.1	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	65,790	34,390	31,405	0.8	0.8	0.8
Ukrainian	1,025	490	530	0.2	0.2	0.2	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	38,685	18,590	20,095	0.5	0.5	0.5
Dutch	600	285	310	0.1	0.1	0.1	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	22,385	11,085	11,305	0.3	0.3	0.3
Polish	1,690	855	840	0.3	0.3	0.3	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	63,505	31,010	32,495	0.8	0.8	0.8
Québécois	68,300	33,675	34,620	12.8	12.9	12.7	60	35	25	11.1	12.5	9.6	931,940	465,630	466,305	11.2	11.3	11.2
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	1,245	610	635	0.2	0.2	0.2	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	38,655	19,380	19,275	0.5	0.5	0.5
Filipino	500	205	300	0.1	0.1	0.1	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	43,580	18,815	24,760	0.5	0.5	0.6
French Canadian	48,390	23,425	24,965	9.1	8.9	9.2	65	30	30	12.0	10.7	11.5	588,805	290,630	298,180	7.1	7.0	7.1
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	12,130	5,945	6,185	2.3	2.3	2.3	35	15	20	6.5	5.4	7.7	149,955	75,935	74,020	1.8	1.8	1.8
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	8,280	3,580	4,710	1.6	1.4	1.7	10	0	10	1.9	0.0	3.8	138,030	64,935	73,095	1.7	1.6	1.7
Métis	2,270	1,025	1,245	0.4	0.4	0.5	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	44,275	21,865	22,410	0.5	0.5	0.5
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	7,300	3,810	3,490	1.4	1.5	1.3	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	99,420	50,795	48,625	1.2	1.2	1.2
Russian	920	430	495	0.2	0.2	0.2	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	47,195	21,990	25,200	0.6	0.5	0.6
Norwegian	375	205	170	0.1	0.1	0.1	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	8,215	4,055	4,160	0.1	0.1	0.1
Welsh	125	50	80	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	11,260	5,450	5,810	0.1	0.1	0.1
Portuguese	1,985	975	1,010	0.4	0.4	0.4	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	64,385	32,135	32,255	0.8	0.8	0.8
American	2,140	1,050	1,090	0.4	0.4	0.4	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	46,600	22,380	24,230	0.6	0.5	0.6
Spanish	3,340	1,635	1,700	0.6	0.6	0.6	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	77,735	37,960	39,775	0.9	0.9	1.0
Swedish	185	115	65	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	6,965	3,270	3,700	0.1	0.1	0.1
Hungarian	410	185	225	0.1	0.1	0.1	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	23,360	11,410	11,950	0.3	0.3	0.3
Acadian	5,820	2,715	3,110	1.1	1.0	1.1	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	83,945	39,450	44,495	1.0	1.0	1.1
Pakistani	50	10	35	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	16,645	8,825	7,815	0.2	0.2	0.2
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	4,355	2,225	2,130	0.8	0.9	0.8	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	73,930	36,725	37,205	0.9	0.9	0.9
Jewish	405	205	200	0.1	0.1	0.1	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	57,320	29,015	28,305	0.7	0.7	0.7
Punjabi	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	8,765	5,040	3,725	0.1	0.1	0.1
Vietnamese	1,535	755	780	0.3	0.3	0.3	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	45,570	21,910	23,665	0.5	0.5	0.6
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	4,275	2,300	1,975	0.8	0.9	0.7	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	104,735	55,130	49,610	1.3	1.3	1.2
Greek	560	295	270	0.1	0.1	0.1	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	69,705	35,085	34,620	0.8	0.9	0.8
Jamaican	120	65	50	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	11,395	5,490	5,905	0.1	0.1	0.1
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	315	130	185	0.1	0.0	0.1	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	15,820	7,190	8,630	0.2	0.2	0.2
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	220	105	110	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	21,540	10,530	11,005	0.3	0.3	0.3
Korean	200	100	95	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10,655	4,940	5,720	0.1	0.1	0.1
Romanian	955	450	500	0.2	0.2	0.2	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	46,765	22,775	23,995	0.6	0.6	0.6
Lebanese	945	545	395	0.2	0.2	0.1	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	78,210	40,740	37,470	0.9	1.0	0.9
Iranian	605	285	315	0.1	0.1	0.1	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	25,825	12,855	12,975	0.3	0.3	0.3
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	4,380	2,190	2,195	0.8	0.8	0.8	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	81,820	41,395	40,425	1.0	1.0	1.0
Danish	185	120	65	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5,260	2,670	2,590	0.1	0.1	0.1
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	1,495	695	795	0.3	0.3	0.3	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	35,315	17,125	18,190	0.4	0.4	0.4
Sikh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5,175	2,765	2,415	0.1	0.1	0.1
Austrian	340	225	115	0.1	0.1	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	11,030	5,425	5,610	0.1	0.1	0.1
Belgian	2,970	1,450	1,525	0.6	0.6	0.6	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	48,380	24,065	24,315	0.6	0.6	0.6
Haitian	1,980	930	1,055	0.4	0.4	0.4	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	156,065	73,495	82,570	1.9	1.8	2.0
Hindu	100	60	40	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	8,930	4,805	4,125	0.1	0.1	0.1
Mexican	1,640	750	890	0.3	0.3	0.3	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	34,305	16,985	17,320	0.4	0.4	0.4
Mennonite	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	695	325	365	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss	1,315	675	640	0.2	0.3	0.2	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	22,980	11,870	11,110	0.3	0.3	0.3
Finnish	145	70	80	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,120	1,375	1,740	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lankan	25	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	12,400	6,165	6,240	0.1	0.1	0.1
Croatian	245	115	130	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	6,790	3,425	3,370	0.1	0.1	0.1
Japanese	440	180	260	0.1	0.1	0.1	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	7,460	3,215	4,245	0.1	0.1	0.1
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	35	20	15	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,020	1,565	1,455	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	1,120	485	640	0.2	0.2	0.2	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	20,235	9,695	10,545	0.2	0.2	0.3
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	190	105	85	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	4,075	2,125	1,955	0.0	0.1	0.0
Muslim	865	465	395	0.2	0.2	0.1	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	16,665	8,705	7,965	0.2	0.2	0.2
Egyptian	340	195	145	0.1	0.1	0.1	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	30,240	15,745	14,500	0.4	0.4	0.3
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	960	440	520	0.2	0.2	0.2	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	27,170	13,580	13,585	0.3	0.3	0.3
Tamil	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	7,615	3,645	3,970	0.1	0.1	0.1
Icelandic	30	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,135	660	470	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombian	3,705	1,795	1,905	0.7	0.7	0.7	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	39,485	18,805	20,680	0.5	0.5	0.5
Moroccan	3,075	1,580	1,490	0.6	0.6	0.5	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	81,230	41,590	39,635	1.0	1.0	0.9
Czech	165	70	95	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5,705	2,720	2,985	0.1	0.1	0.1
Syrian	410	215	195	0.1	0.1	0.1	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	31,590	15,820	15,770	0.4	0.4	0.4
Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,410	1,585	1,825	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afghan	175	95	80	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	13,095	6,825	6,275	0.2	0.2	0.2
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	470	245	230	0.1	0.1	0.1	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	14,505	7,040	7,465	0.2	0.2	0.2
Serbian	270	140	130	0.1	0.1	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5,355	2,655	2,700	0.1	0.1	0.1
Ojibway	30	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,120	540	585	0.0	0.0	0.0
Newfoundlander	60	30	30	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,830	935	895	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Konger	55	10	35	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,920	840	1,080	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ontarian	265	140	130	0.0	0.1	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5,890	2,755	3,140	0.1	0.1	0.1
Persian	85	40	45	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	8,185	4,345	3,845	0.1	0.1	0.1
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	25	10	20	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5,670	2,880	2,790	0.1	0.1	0.1
Turkish	215	120	100	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	15,620	7,850	7,770	0.2	0.2	0.2
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	290	140	155	0.1	0.1	0.1	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	17,970	8,515	9,455	0.2	0.2	0.2
Bangladeshi	185	95	95	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	11,075	5,635	5,445	0.1	0.1	0.1
Algerian	1,900	995	905	0.4	0.4	0.3	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	65,860	33,955	31,905	0.8	0.8	0.8
Brazilian	1,885	925	955	0.4	0.4	0.4	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	15,775	7,620	8,155	0.2	0.2	0.2
Nigerian	55	25	30	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,200	1,570	1,630	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	235	150	85	0.0	0.1	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	30,720	15,190	15,530	0.4	0.4	0.4
Slovak	75	35	40	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	4,070	1,995	2,075	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	75	25	50	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	7,205	3,415	3,790	0.1	0.1	0.1
Somali	60	20	40	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,090	975	1,110	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwanese	80	40	40	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,605	1,655	1,950	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraqi	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	4,385	2,290	2,095	0.1	0.1	0.1
Salvadorean	365	190	180	0.1	0.1	0.1	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	17,265	8,595	8,670	0.2	0.2	0.2
African Caribbean	230	95	130	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	9,305	4,260	5,040	0.1	0.1	0.1
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	75	40	35	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,425	1,520	1,905	0.0	0.0	0.0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	65	30	35	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5,955	3,180	2,780	0.1	0.1	0.1
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	275	140	135	0.1	0.1	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	9,190	4,020	5,170	0.1	0.1	0.1
Algonquin	850	420	425	0.2	0.2	0.2	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	29,880	14,520	15,365	0.4	0.4	0.4
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,140	1,390	1,750	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	100	50	50	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5,455	2,460	2,995	0.1	0.1	0.1
South African	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,045	545	500	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australian	30	10	20	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,820	885	935	0.0	0.0	0.0
Palestinian	35	20	15	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	6,500	3,445	3,055	0.1	0.1	0.1
Chilean	535	265	270	0.1	0.1	0.1	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	14,420	7,150	7,265	0.2	0.2	0.2
Congolese	2,095	1,055	1,045	0.4	0.4	0.4	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	24,070	11,855	12,220	0.3	0.3	0.3
Nova Scotian	60	25	35	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,430	640	790	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopian	40	10	30	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,440	740	705	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	170	80	90	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	6,335	3,155	3,185	0.1	0.1	0.1
Peruvian	390	175	210	0.1	0.1	0.1	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	19,055	8,900	10,155	0.2	0.2	0.2
Yoruba	50	20	30	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,820	1,545	1,270	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cambodian (Khmer)	650	285	360	0.1	0.1	0.1	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	17,600	8,335	9,265	0.2	0.2	0.2
Berber	1,275	760	515	0.2	0.3	0.2	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	36,540	19,550	16,990	0.4	0.5	0.4
Albanian	305	155	155	0.1	0.1	0.1	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	4,650	2,390	2,265	0.1	0.1	0.1
Maltese	70	35	35	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,095	585	510	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	680	325	355	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovenian	30	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,395	1,115	1,280	0.0	0.0	0.0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	640	365	280	0.1	0.1	0.1	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	7,000	3,690	3,310	0.1	0.1	0.1
New Brunswicker	285	155	135	0.1	0.1	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	4,900	2,340	2,560	0.1	0.1	0.1
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,340	710	630	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrean	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	800	400	400	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Canadian	120	55	65	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,715	1,835	1,880	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israeli	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	6,750	3,465	3,285	0.1	0.1	0.1
Mohawk	125	60	65	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	6,635	3,230	3,405	0.1	0.1	0.1
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	60	35	25	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,620	790	830	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	360	165	195	0.1	0.1	0.1	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	9,500	4,690	4,815	0.1	0.1	0.1
Albertan	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	410	175	240	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ghanaian	120	60	60	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,385	1,795	1,590	0.0	0.0	0.0
Barbadian	25	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	4,840	2,455	2,390	0.1	0.1	0.1
African American	65	30	35	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,255	1,640	1,610	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	95	40	60	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,310	1,205	1,110	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisian	2,930	1,525	1,405	0.5	0.6	0.5	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	26,015	14,280	11,735	0.3	0.3	0.3
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	120	75	45	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,885	1,425	1,455	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuban	540	305	235	0.1	0.1	0.1	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10,280	5,255	5,030	0.1	0.1	0.1
Bosnian	390	210	185	0.1	0.1	0.1	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,415	1,265	1,150	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuelan	285	140	145	0.1	0.1	0.1	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	8,690	4,045	4,640	0.1	0.1	0.1
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	1,810	820	990	0.3	0.3	0.4	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	23,940	11,480	12,455	0.3	0.3	0.3
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,640	760	875	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	45	25	25	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	4,560	2,275	2,285	0.1	0.1	0.1
Cameroonian	1,835	910	925	0.3	0.3	0.3	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	18,610	9,100	9,510	0.2	0.2	0.2
Guatemalan	185	100	80	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10,375	5,800	4,570	0.1	0.1	0.1
Indonesian	85	25	65	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,970	835	1,135	0.0	0.0	0.0
Laotian	235	115	120	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	7,485	3,675	3,810	0.1	0.1	0.1
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,445	705	745	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Irish	30	10	20	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,200	595	600	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	110	55	50	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,695	890	800	0.0	0.0	0.0
British Columbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	280	110	170	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ecuadorian	95	55	40	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,550	1,205	1,345	0.0	0.0	0.0
Franco Ontarian	150	90	60	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	4,245	2,080	2,165	0.1	0.1	0.1
Argentinian	190	110	80	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5,890	2,965	2,925	0.1	0.1	0.1
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	885	450	435	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	90	40	50	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,805	1,615	1,190	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	50	15	35	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jatt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	605	290	315	0.0	0.0	0.0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	360	230	130	0.1	0.1	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	6,565	3,400	3,160	0.1	0.1	0.1
Coptic	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	4,750	2,465	2,290	0.1	0.1	0.1
Thai	190	65	130	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,230	1,185	2,040	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dominican	295	145	150	0.1	0.1	0.1	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10,875	5,075	5,800	0.1	0.1	0.1
Nepali	255	120	135	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	980	505	475	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	530	280	250	0.1	0.1	0.1	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	19,520	10,085	9,440	0.2	0.2	0.2
Assyrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	835	395	440	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	880	535	340	0.0	0.0	0.0
Byelorussian	65	35	25	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,825	1,360	1,465	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	70	40	30	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	430	210	220	0.0	0.0	0.0
Abenaki	715	340	375	0.1	0.1	0.1	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	16,400	7,610	8,790	0.2	0.2	0.2
Moldovan	230	110	120	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	9,595	4,655	4,945	0.1	0.1	0.1
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	465	235	225	0.1	0.1	0.1	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	8,890	4,275	4,615	0.1	0.1	0.1
New Zealander	35	20	25	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	625	360	265	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	500	245	255	0.0	0.0	0.0
Breton	1,315	665	645	0.2	0.3	0.2	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	15,500	7,725	7,775	0.2	0.2	0.2
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	140	50	90	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malaysian	35	15	20	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	840	405	440	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	180	95	90	0.0	0.0	0.0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	440	230	210	0.1	0.1	0.1	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10,290	5,465	4,825	0.1	0.1	0.1
Huron (Wendat)	1,400	650	745	0.3	0.2	0.3	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	12,745	6,210	6,530	0.2	0.2	0.2
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	245	110	130	0.0	0.0	0.0
Buddhist	45	25	15	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,365	635	730	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gaspesian	935	455	485	0.2	0.2	0.2	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	14,470	6,695	7,780	0.2	0.2	0.2
Norman	1,170	570	600	0.2	0.2	0.2	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	11,125	5,595	5,530	0.1	0.1	0.1
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	45	35	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	475	225	250	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ivorian	2,230	1,115	1,115	0.4	0.4	0.4	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	11,565	5,660	5,905	0.1	0.1	0.1
Saulteaux	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	155	80	80	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	55	10	40	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,485	750	735	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundian	950	445	500	0.2	0.2	0.2	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	7,640	3,675	3,970	0.1	0.1	0.1
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	410	230	185	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nicaraguan	120	35	80	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,845	1,480	1,365	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mauritian	120	70	50	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5,770	3,070	2,700	0.1	0.1	0.1
Kenyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	525	245	280	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	65	25	40	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,135	1,295	1,840	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordanian	30	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,455	815	635	0.0	0.0	0.0
Manitoban	30	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	480	225	255	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cape Bretoner	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	205	95	110	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rwandan	815	370	450	0.2	0.1	0.2	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	6,315	2,940	3,380	0.1	0.1	0.1
Grenadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,445	590	850	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	450	235	215	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	265	115	155	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhalese	30	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	520	255	265	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mayan	125	55	70	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,420	1,790	1,630	0.0	0.0	0.0
Honduran	90	50	40	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	4,025	1,940	2,080	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cherokee	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	640	320	315	0.0	0.0	0.0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	55	15	40	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Caribbean	35	0	30	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	500	220	280	0.0	0.0	0.0
Flemish	125	65	55	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,595	830	765	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Empire Loyalist	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	340	180	160	0.0	0.0	0.0
Senegalese	935	465	475	0.2	0.2	0.2	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	8,040	4,115	3,925	0.1	0.1	0.1
Azerbaijani	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	990	500	490	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sicilian	55	20	35	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,155	1,105	1,050	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	750	410	335	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	495	215	280	0.0	0.0	0.0
Goan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	300	140	165	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	495	225	275	0.1	0.1	0.1	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	4,405	2,215	2,195	0.1	0.1	0.1
Tibetan	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	260	125	135	0.0	0.0	0.0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	425	225	200	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	260	115	145	0.0	0.0	0.1	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	580	265	320	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	85	40	45	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,165	550	620	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azorean	35	20	15	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,010	910	1,095	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	275	165	110	0.1	0.1	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	8,265	4,200	4,065	0.1	0.1	0.1
Bamileke	770	410	365	0.1	0.2	0.1	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	6,515	3,295	3,225	0.1	0.1	0.1
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	180	90	90	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ugandan	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	240	100	145	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	90	50	45	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tanzanian	80	40	35	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	485	250	240	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yemeni	25	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	795	435	365	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central African	820	395	425	0.2	0.2	0.2	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5,620	2,670	2,950	0.1	0.1	0.1
Libyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	980	485	495	0.0	0.0	0.0
Basque	280	180	95	0.1	0.1	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,800	1,950	1,850	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uruguayan	70	30	45	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,995	1,055	945	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	280	140	145	0.1	0.1	0.1	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,870	925	945	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	145	80	60	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,975	1,045	930	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igorot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	340	130	210	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulani	485	255	225	0.1	0.1	0.1	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5,445	2,800	2,645	0.1	0.1	0.1
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	50	25	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guinean	355	205	150	0.1	0.1	0.1	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5,530	2,805	2,725	0.1	0.1	0.1
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	520	240	280	0.0	0.0	0.0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	115	45	65	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maliseet	370	180	185	0.1	0.1	0.1	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,070	1,470	1,605	0.0	0.0	0.0
Beninese	395	225	170	0.1	0.1	0.1	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	4,790	2,620	2,170	0.1	0.1	0.1
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	320	205	115	0.0	0.0	0.0
Roma	15	15	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	525	270	250	0.0	0.0	0.0
Costa Rican	35	30	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,815	1,005	815	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	365	180	180	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy	500	215	280	0.1	0.1	0.1	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5,215	2,580	2,630	0.1	0.1	0.1
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	280	160	125	0.0	0.0	0.0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	160	100	65	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karen	45	25	15	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	55	30	30	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	425	195	230	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tajik	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	635	300	335	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amhara	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	160	85	75	0.0	0.0	0.0
Paraguayan	65	20	35	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	315	145	175	0.0	0.0	0.0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	533,540	261,755	271,785	100.0	100.0	100.0	540	280	260	100.0	100.0	100.0	8,308,480	4,126,855	4,181,620	100.0	100.0	100.0
Buddhist	1,565	695	875	0.3	0.3	0.3	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	48,365	21,395	26,980	0.6	0.5	0.6
Christian	349,320	163,960	185,355	65.5	62.6	68.2	335	170	170	62.0	60.7	65.4	5,385,240	2,596,385	2,788,855	64.8	62.9	66.7
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	30,145	15,025	15,115	5.6	5.7	5.6	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	464,020	229,155	234,860	5.6	5.6	5.6
Anabaptist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	800	365	435	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anglican	490	265	230	0.1	0.1	0.1	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	55,290	26,065	29,230	0.7	0.6	0.7
Baptist	1,060	500	560	0.2	0.2	0.2	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	33,755	15,875	17,885	0.4	0.4	0.4
Catholic	308,015	143,745	164,265	57.7	54.9	60.4	325	155	170	60.2	55.4	65.4	4,472,555	2,156,595	2,315,960	53.8	52.3	55.4
Christian Orthodox	1,975	945	1,030	0.4	0.4	0.4	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	145,805	70,840	74,965	1.8	1.7	1.8
Jehovah's Witness	975	425	550	0.2	0.2	0.2	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	27,970	12,060	15,910	0.3	0.3	0.4
Latter Day Saints	250	130	120	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	4,600	2,190	2,405	0.1	0.1	0.1
Lutheran	70	40	30	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	4,875	2,260	2,615	0.1	0.1	0.1
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	105	65	40	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,255	1,070	1,185	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	1,820	775	1,045	0.3	0.3	0.4	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	39,700	17,955	21,735	0.5	0.4	0.5
Presbyterian	220	110	105	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	8,010	3,830	4,180	0.1	0.1	0.1
Reformed	125	60	65	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,220	620	600	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Church	200	90	110	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	19,595	8,645	10,945	0.2	0.2	0.3
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	3,860	1,765	2,095	0.7	0.7	0.8	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	104,790	48,840	55,950	1.3	1.2	1.3
Hindu	515	280	235	0.1	0.1	0.1	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	47,390	25,045	22,345	0.6	0.6	0.5
Jewish	305	175	125	0.1	0.1	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	84,530	41,470	43,065	1.0	1.0	1.0
Muslim	17,490	9,035	8,455	3.3	3.5	3.1	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	421,710	218,255	203,455	5.1	5.3	4.9
Sikh	20	20	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	23,345	12,385	10,960	0.3	0.3	0.3
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	75	50	25	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,790	1,900	1,895	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	1,355	690	665	0.3	0.3	0.2	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	26,385	12,370	14,010	0.3	0.3	0.3
No religion and secular perspectives	162,900	86,855	76,045	30.5	33.2	28.0	195	110	85	36.1	39.3	32.7	2,267,720	1,197,655	1,070,065	27.3	29.0	25.6
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	528,850	259,350	269,495	100.0	100.0	100.0	535	280	255	100.0	100.0	100.0	8,228,540	4,085,665	4,142,870	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	455,880	223,655	232,225	86.2	86.2	86.2	520	265	250	97.2	94.6	98.0	7,283,250	3,618,915	3,664,330	88.5	88.6	88.4
Movers	72,965	35,695	37,270	13.8	13.8	13.8	15	10	0	2.8	3.6	0.0	945,290	466,750	478,540	11.5	11.4	11.6
Non-migrants	56,090	27,500	28,590	10.6	10.6	10.6	15	10	0	2.8	3.6	0.0	543,670	268,740	274,925	6.6	6.6	6.6
Migrants	16,875	8,190	8,685	3.2	3.2	3.2	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	401,625	198,010	203,615	4.9	4.8	4.9
Internal migrants	13,180	6,440	6,735	2.5	2.5	2.5	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	349,095	170,740	178,355	4.2	4.2	4.3
Intraprovincial migrants	12,105	5,875	6,235	2.3	2.3	2.3	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	321,005	156,550	164,455	3.9	3.8	4.0
Interprovincial migrants	1,070	565	505	0.2	0.2	0.2	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	28,085	14,185	13,895	0.3	0.3	0.3
External migrants	3,700	1,745	1,950	0.7	0.7	0.7	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	52,530	27,270	25,265	0.6	0.7	0.6
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	508,395	248,910	259,485	100.0	100.0	100.0	495	255	240	100.0	100.0	100.0	7,886,185	3,909,425	3,976,760	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	295,975	144,225	151,755	58.2	57.9	58.5	425	210	210	85.9	82.4	87.5	4,810,540	2,390,480	2,420,060	61.0	61.1	60.9
Movers	212,420	104,690	107,730	41.8	42.1	41.5	75	45	30	15.2	17.6	12.5	3,075,650	1,518,950	1,556,700	39.0	38.9	39.1
Non-migrants	131,975	65,165	66,805	26.0	26.2	25.7	55	35	25	11.1	13.7	10.4	1,312,590	644,860	667,730	16.6	16.5	16.8
Migrants	80,440	39,520	40,925	15.8	15.9	15.8	20	10	10	4.0	3.9	4.2	1,763,060	874,090	888,970	22.4	22.4	22.4
Internal migrants	60,965	29,735	31,230	12.0	11.9	12.0	10	0	0	2.0	0.0	0.0	1,442,970	707,975	734,995	18.3	18.1	18.5
Intraprovincial migrants	57,390	27,890	29,500	11.3	11.2	11.4	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,359,165	666,050	693,115	17.2	17.0	17.4
Interprovincial migrants	3,575	1,845	1,730	0.7	0.7	0.7	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	83,805	41,925	41,880	1.1	1.1	1.1
External migrants	19,475	9,780	9,695	3.8	3.9	3.7	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	320,090	166,115	153,975	4.1	4.2	3.9
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	452,690	220,490	232,200	100.0	100.0	100.0	375	205	170	100.0	100.0	100.0	6,918,730	3,414,515	3,504,210	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	64,995	34,045	30,950	14.4	15.4	13.3	60	40	20	16.0	19.5	11.8	1,426,055	773,160	652,895	20.6	22.6	18.6
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	387,700	186,445	201,255	85.6	84.6	86.7	310	165	145	82.7	80.5	85.3	5,492,670	2,641,355	2,851,320	79.4	77.4	81.4
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	284,285	142,355	141,935	100.0	100.0	100.0	310	160	150	100.0	100.0	100.0	4,434,525	2,208,755	2,225,770	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	25,775	15,650	10,125	9.1	11.0	7.1	50	25	25	16.1	15.6	16.7	642,800	382,415	260,380	14.5	17.3	11.7
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	258,510	126,710	131,800	90.9	89.0	92.9	260	140	120	83.9	87.5	80.0	3,791,730	1,826,340	1,965,390	85.5	82.7	88.3
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	452,695	220,490	232,205	100.0	100.0	100.0	370	205	170	100.0	100.0	100.0	6,918,730	3,414,515	3,504,210	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	56,890	28,300	28,595	12.6	12.8	12.3	55	35	20	14.9	17.1	11.8	1,256,550	656,495	600,060	18.2	19.2	17.1
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	91,440	42,730	48,710	20.2	19.4	21.0	65	40	25	17.6	19.5	14.7	1,482,020	719,250	762,770	21.4	21.1	21.8
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	304,365	149,460	154,900	67.2	67.8	66.7	255	130	125	68.9	63.4	73.5	4,180,150	2,038,775	2,141,380	60.4	59.7	61.1
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	172,260	86,970	85,290	38.1	39.4	36.7	205	105	100	55.4	51.2	58.8	2,551,215	1,297,600	1,253,615	36.9	38.0	35.8
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	64,890	39,635	25,250	14.3	18.0	10.9	95	65	25	25.7	31.7	14.7	1,096,360	666,925	429,435	15.8	19.5	12.3
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	46,860	24,960	21,900	10.4	11.3	9.4	65	50	20	17.6	24.4	11.8	793,030	427,220	365,815	11.5	12.5	10.4
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	18,030	14,675	3,355	4.0	6.7	1.4	25	20	0	6.8	9.8	0.0	303,330	239,705	63,620	4.4	7.0	1.8
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	89,650	40,360	49,290	19.8	18.3	21.2	90	30	55	24.3	14.6	32.4	1,202,040	528,525	673,515	17.4	15.5	19.2
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	17,725	6,970	10,755	3.9	3.2	4.6	20	10	10	5.4	4.9	5.9	252,815	102,150	150,665	3.7	3.0	4.3
Bachelor's degree or higher	132,100	62,490	69,610	29.2	28.3	30.0	50	25	25	13.5	12.2	14.7	1,628,940	741,170	887,765	23.5	21.7	25.3
Bachelor's degree	78,325	36,160	42,165	17.3	16.4	18.2	45	15	25	12.2	7.3	14.7	1,011,695	443,295	568,405	14.6	13.0	16.2
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	10,600	4,715	5,880	2.3	2.1	2.5	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	149,425	66,595	82,825	2.2	2.0	2.4
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	3,710	1,810	1,905	0.8	0.8	0.8	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	43,755	20,810	22,940	0.6	0.6	0.7
Master's degree	32,630	15,820	16,810	7.2	7.2	7.2	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	360,795	174,150	186,645	5.2	5.1	5.3
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	6,830	3,990	2,840	1.5	1.8	1.2	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	63,270	36,320	26,955	0.9	1.1	0.8
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	284,285	142,355	141,930	100.0	100.0	100.0	305	165	145	100.0	100.0	100.0	4,434,525	2,208,760	2,225,765	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	20,315	11,875	8,435	7.1	8.3	5.9	45	20	20	14.8	12.1	13.8	525,155	303,815	221,345	11.8	13.8	9.9
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	41,150	21,655	19,500	14.5	15.2	13.7	35	20	15	11.5	12.1	10.3	752,855	388,160	364,700	17.0	17.6	16.4
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	222,815	108,825	113,995	78.4	76.4	80.3	230	115	110	75.4	69.7	75.9	3,156,515	1,516,785	1,639,730	71.2	68.7	73.7
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	121,215	62,640	58,575	42.6	44.0	41.3	185	100	85	60.7	60.6	58.6	1,849,290	942,950	906,335	41.7	42.7	40.7
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	48,985	29,605	19,375	17.2	20.8	13.7	90	70	25	29.5	42.4	17.2	836,455	498,385	338,075	18.9	22.6	15.2
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	35,580	18,665	16,915	12.5	13.1	11.9	65	50	20	21.3	30.3	13.8	609,895	319,470	290,425	13.8	14.5	13.0
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	13,405	10,945	2,465	4.7	7.7	1.7	25	20	10	8.2	12.1	6.9	226,565	178,915	47,650	5.1	8.1	2.1
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	61,150	28,370	32,775	21.5	19.9	23.1	90	25	60	29.5	15.2	41.4	838,140	372,455	465,685	18.9	16.9	20.9
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	11,080	4,655	6,420	3.9	3.3	4.5	10	0	0	3.3	0.0	0.0	174,695	72,115	102,580	3.9	3.3	4.6
Bachelor's degree or higher	101,600	46,180	55,420	35.7	32.4	39.0	40	20	25	13.1	12.1	17.2	1,307,225	573,835	733,395	29.5	26.0	33.0
Bachelor's degree	58,825	26,620	32,205	20.7	18.7	22.7	40	15	25	13.1	9.1	17.2	802,755	343,100	459,650	18.1	15.5	20.7
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	8,050	3,290	4,760	2.8	2.3	3.4	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	119,460	50,155	69,310	2.7	2.3	3.1
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	2,705	1,070	1,635	1.0	0.8	1.2	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	33,445	13,520	19,920	0.8	0.6	0.9
Master's degree	26,705	12,310	14,400	9.4	8.6	10.1	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	302,065	140,530	161,530	6.8	6.4	7.3
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	5,315	2,890	2,420	1.9	2.0	1.7	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	49,500	26,520	22,985	1.1	1.2	1.0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	452,695	220,490	232,205	100.0	100.0	100.0	370	205	165	100.0	100.0	100.0	6,918,725	3,414,515	3,504,215	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	148,330	71,030	77,305	32.8	32.2	33.3	120	75	40	32.4	36.6	24.2	2,738,575	1,375,740	1,362,830	39.6	40.3	38.9
Education	21,860	5,515	16,350	4.8	2.5	7.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	292,470	65,830	226,640	4.2	1.9	6.5
13. Education	21,860	5,515	16,350	4.8	2.5	7.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	292,470	65,830	226,640	4.2	1.9	6.5
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	13,115	6,210	6,910	2.9	2.8	3.0	20	0	0	5.4	0.0	0.0	166,900	75,420	91,480	2.4	2.2	2.6
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	2,660	1,810	845	0.6	0.8	0.4	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	23,530	16,540	6,990	0.3	0.5	0.2
50. Visual and performing arts	10,465	4,400	6,060	2.3	2.0	2.6	10	0	0	2.7	0.0	0.0	143,365	58,875	84,490	2.1	1.7	2.4
Humanities	18,850	8,030	10,815	4.2	3.6	4.7	10	0	0	2.7	0.0	0.0	228,770	90,810	137,960	3.3	2.7	3.9
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	2,905	780	2,130	0.6	0.4	0.9	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	35,440	8,360	27,080	0.5	0.2	0.8
23. English language and literature/letters	435	185	250	0.1	0.1	0.1	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	14,855	4,790	10,065	0.2	0.1	0.3
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	8,750	4,055	4,695	1.9	1.8	2.0	10	0	0	2.7	0.0	0.0	107,105	44,755	62,345	1.5	1.3	1.8
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	185	80	105	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,195	825	1,365	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	1,045	730	315	0.2	0.3	0.1	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	11,135	6,895	4,240	0.2	0.2	0.1
39. Theology and religious vocations	795	510	290	0.2	0.2	0.1	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	9,385	5,650	3,735	0.1	0.2	0.1
54. History	1,535	860	675	0.3	0.4	0.3	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	17,420	9,975	7,445	0.3	0.3	0.2
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	3,190	835	2,355	0.7	0.4	1.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	31,240	9,565	21,680	0.5	0.3	0.6
Social and behavioural sciences and law	33,660	12,625	21,035	7.4	5.7	9.1	25	0	20	6.8	0.0	12.1	430,845	142,280	288,570	6.2	4.2	8.2
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	225	75	150	0.0	0.0	0.1	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	4,980	1,515	3,460	0.1	0.0	0.1
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	4,645	1,585	3,060	1.0	0.7	1.3	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	57,080	19,060	38,020	0.8	0.6	1.1
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	5,360	720	4,640	1.2	0.3	2.0	20	0	20	5.4	0.0	12.1	79,155	6,625	72,535	1.1	0.2	2.1
22. Legal professions and studies	7,205	2,860	4,355	1.6	1.3	1.9	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	77,880	29,725	48,160	1.1	0.9	1.4
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	1,205	320	880	0.3	0.1	0.4	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	12,015	3,185	8,825	0.2	0.1	0.3
42. Psychology	4,815	1,235	3,580	1.1	0.6	1.5	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	65,230	15,095	50,135	0.9	0.4	1.4
45. Social sciences	10,205	5,830	4,375	2.3	2.6	1.9	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	134,510	67,065	67,440	1.9	2.0	1.9
Business, management and public administration	70,110	28,375	41,735	15.5	12.9	18.0	50	15	35	13.5	7.3	21.2	950,820	357,290	593,535	13.7	10.5	16.9
30.16 Accounting and computer science	25	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	780	305	475	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	5,280	1,380	3,900	1.2	0.6	1.7	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	55,355	12,215	43,145	0.8	0.4	1.2
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	64,805	26,990	37,820	14.3	12.2	16.3	50	15	35	13.5	7.3	21.2	894,690	344,770	549,925	12.9	10.1	15.7
Physical and life sciences and technologies	13,765	7,460	6,300	3.0	3.4	2.7	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	158,655	83,605	75,050	2.3	2.4	2.1
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	5,315	2,390	2,915	1.2	1.1	1.3	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	57,680	23,925	33,755	0.8	0.7	1.0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	1,375	810	565	0.3	0.4	0.2	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	25,605	14,230	11,375	0.4	0.4	0.3
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	3,100	1,610	1,490	0.7	0.7	0.6	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	24,115	11,710	12,400	0.3	0.3	0.4
40. Physical sciences	3,370	2,350	1,025	0.7	1.1	0.4	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	42,530	29,180	13,350	0.6	0.9	0.4
41. Science technologies/technicians	610	310	305	0.1	0.1	0.1	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	8,730	4,560	4,165	0.1	0.1	0.1
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	17,365	12,495	4,870	3.8	5.7	2.1	30	15	10	8.1	7.3	6.1	177,780	124,955	52,825	2.6	3.7	1.5
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	14,790	11,400	3,390	3.3	5.2	1.5	30	15	10	8.1	7.3	6.1	147,845	110,915	36,930	2.1	3.2	1.1
25. Library science	1,260	265	995	0.3	0.1	0.4	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	11,610	2,255	9,355	0.2	0.1	0.3
27. Mathematics and statistics	1,020	635	390	0.2	0.3	0.2	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	15,160	9,515	5,645	0.2	0.3	0.2
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	300	200	95	0.1	0.1	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,170	2,270	900	0.0	0.1	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	51,760	46,300	5,465	11.4	21.0	2.4	55	50	0	14.9	24.4	0.0	866,885	778,835	88,060	12.5	22.8	2.5
04. Architecture and related services	2,655	1,550	1,105	0.6	0.7	0.5	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	33,975	19,075	14,895	0.5	0.6	0.4
14. Engineering	11,240	9,330	1,905	2.5	4.2	0.8	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	181,290	147,120	34,170	2.6	4.3	1.0
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	10,535	9,205	1,330	2.3	4.2	0.6	10	0	0	2.7	0.0	0.0	161,440	141,185	20,255	2.3	4.1	0.6
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	50	15	30	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	180	65	115	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	11,945	11,440	505	2.6	5.2	0.2	15	15	0	4.1	7.3	0.0	189,550	182,910	6,635	2.7	5.4	0.2
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	9,485	9,120	365	2.1	4.1	0.2	15	15	0	4.1	7.3	0.0	179,610	173,605	6,010	2.6	5.1	0.2
48. Precision production	5,865	5,635	225	1.3	2.6	0.1	15	15	0	4.1	7.3	0.0	120,835	114,865	5,975	1.7	3.4	0.2
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	6,350	3,700	2,655	1.4	1.7	1.1	10	0	0	2.7	0.0	0.0	99,230	60,010	39,225	1.4	1.8	1.1
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	3,420	1,585	1,830	0.8	0.7	0.8	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	64,510	34,415	30,100	0.9	1.0	0.9
03. Natural resources and conservation	2,935	2,110	825	0.6	1.0	0.4	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	34,715	25,595	9,125	0.5	0.7	0.3
Health and related fields	38,300	8,130	30,170	8.5	3.7	13.0	25	0	25	6.8	0.0	15.2	515,215	101,455	413,760	7.4	3.0	11.8
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	2,140	1,175	965	0.5	0.5	0.4	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	29,140	14,930	14,215	0.4	0.4	0.4
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	34,550	6,095	28,455	7.6	2.8	12.3	25	0	25	6.8	0.0	15.2	470,150	78,875	391,275	6.8	2.3	11.2
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	25	10	20	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	845	270	575	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	1,585	855	735	0.4	0.4	0.3	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	15,080	7,385	7,700	0.2	0.2	0.2
Personal, protective and transportation services	18,985	10,565	8,420	4.2	4.8	3.6	15	10	10	4.1	4.9	6.1	291,295	157,925	133,365	4.2	4.6	3.8
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	10,605	3,635	6,970	2.3	1.6	3.0	15	0	10	4.1	0.0	6.1	154,335	42,710	111,625	2.2	1.3	3.2
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	60	60	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	355	320	35	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	120	120	0	0.0	0.1	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,450	1,300	145	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	3,630	2,600	1,035	0.8	1.2	0.4	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	57,625	43,715	13,905	0.8	1.3	0.4
49. Transportation and materials moving	4,560	4,155	405	1.0	1.9	0.2	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	77,545	69,880	7,660	1.1	2.0	0.2
Other¹⁷⁹	230	55	175	0.1	0.0	0.1	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,280	370	905	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	284,285	142,355	141,935	100.0	100.0	100.0	310	160	145	100.0	100.0	100.0	4,434,525	2,208,755	2,225,770	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	61,470	33,530	27,935	21.6	23.6	19.7	80	45	30	25.8	28.1	20.7	1,278,015	691,975	586,035	28.8	31.3	26.3
Education	13,960	3,155	10,805	4.9	2.2	7.6	10	0	0	3.2	0.0	0.0	195,595	39,630	155,965	4.4	1.8	7.0
13. Education	13,960	3,155	10,805	4.9	2.2	7.6	10	0	0	3.2	0.0	0.0	195,595	39,630	155,965	4.4	1.8	7.0
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	9,975	4,770	5,210	3.5	3.4	3.7	15	0	10	4.8	0.0	6.9	129,065	58,170	70,895	2.9	2.6	3.2
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	2,010	1,365	635	0.7	1.0	0.4	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	18,205	12,610	5,590	0.4	0.6	0.3
50. Visual and performing arts	7,975	3,400	4,570	2.8	2.4	3.2	10	0	10	3.2	0.0	6.9	110,860	45,555	65,305	2.5	2.1	2.9
Humanities	11,065	4,685	6,380	3.9	3.3	4.5	10	0	0	3.2	0.0	0.0	144,140	56,410	87,730	3.3	2.6	3.9
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	2,005	505	1,495	0.7	0.4	1.1	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	26,015	5,955	20,065	0.6	0.3	0.9
23. English language and literature/letters	290	115	175	0.1	0.1	0.1	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10,825	3,320	7,510	0.2	0.2	0.3
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	4,605	2,275	2,330	1.6	1.6	1.6	10	0	0	3.2	0.0	0.0	61,125	26,395	34,730	1.4	1.2	1.6
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	120	45	75	0.0	0.0	0.1	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,415	485	930	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	660	460	205	0.2	0.3	0.1	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	7,300	4,485	2,815	0.2	0.2	0.1
39. Theology and religious vocations	370	265	100	0.1	0.2	0.1	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	4,765	3,040	1,725	0.1	0.1	0.1
54. History	970	550	425	0.3	0.4	0.3	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	12,190	6,880	5,305	0.3	0.3	0.2
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	2,045	470	1,575	0.7	0.3	1.1	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	20,500	5,850	14,650	0.5	0.3	0.7
Social and behavioural sciences and law	25,375	8,865	16,510	8.9	6.2	11.6	25	0	20	8.1	0.0	13.8	334,475	103,635	230,840	7.5	4.7	10.4
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	175	60	115	0.1	0.0	0.1	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,905	1,180	2,725	0.1	0.1	0.1
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	3,795	1,280	2,515	1.3	0.9	1.8	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	47,510	15,360	32,155	1.1	0.7	1.4
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	4,335	575	3,760	1.5	0.4	2.6	20	0	20	6.5	0.0	13.8	64,690	4,665	60,025	1.5	0.2	2.7
22. Legal professions and studies	5,260	1,820	3,440	1.9	1.3	2.4	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	59,965	20,645	39,325	1.4	0.9	1.8
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	880	255	620	0.3	0.2	0.4	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	8,380	2,320	6,060	0.2	0.1	0.3
42. Psychology	3,580	830	2,750	1.3	0.6	1.9	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	48,920	10,080	38,835	1.1	0.5	1.7
45. Social sciences	7,345	4,045	3,300	2.6	2.8	2.3	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	101,105	49,385	51,720	2.3	2.2	2.3
Business, management and public administration	52,790	20,570	32,220	18.6	14.4	22.7	40	15	25	12.9	9.4	17.2	741,390	268,705	472,685	16.7	12.2	21.2
30.16 Accounting and computer science	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	545	245	300	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	3,960	975	2,985	1.4	0.7	2.1	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	43,070	8,735	34,335	1.0	0.4	1.5
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	48,810	19,590	29,225	17.2	13.8	20.6	40	15	25	12.9	9.4	17.2	697,775	259,725	438,045	15.7	11.8	19.7
Physical and life sciences and technologies	8,775	4,780	3,995	3.1	3.4	2.8	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	102,055	53,195	48,865	2.3	2.4	2.2
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	4,335	1,940	2,395	1.5	1.4	1.7	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	46,430	18,895	27,530	1.0	0.9	1.2
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	680	400	280	0.2	0.3	0.2	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	13,010	7,225	5,780	0.3	0.3	0.3
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	720	460	265	0.3	0.3	0.2	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5,205	3,155	2,050	0.1	0.1	0.1
40. Physical sciences	2,625	1,750	885	0.9	1.2	0.6	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	31,410	20,760	10,650	0.7	0.9	0.5
41. Science technologies/technicians	405	230	180	0.1	0.2	0.1	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	6,010	3,155	2,855	0.1	0.1	0.1
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	14,675	10,750	3,925	5.2	7.6	2.8	30	15	10	9.7	9.4	6.9	147,350	104,880	42,465	3.3	4.7	1.9
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	12,945	10,055	2,890	4.6	7.1	2.0	30	15	10	9.7	9.4	6.9	126,845	95,720	31,120	2.9	4.3	1.4
25. Library science	850	180	670	0.3	0.1	0.5	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	7,990	1,480	6,510	0.2	0.1	0.3
27. Mathematics and statistics	660	380	280	0.2	0.3	0.2	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10,365	6,250	4,115	0.2	0.3	0.2
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	215	135	80	0.1	0.1	0.1	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,145	1,435	710	0.0	0.1	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	39,135	34,455	4,680	13.8	24.2	3.3	50	45	0	16.1	28.1	0.0	665,365	588,950	76,415	15.0	26.7	3.4
04. Architecture and related services	2,050	1,120	930	0.7	0.8	0.7	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	27,250	14,670	12,580	0.6	0.7	0.6
14. Engineering	9,170	7,435	1,730	3.2	5.2	1.2	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	152,450	121,715	30,735	3.4	5.5	1.4
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	7,740	6,665	1,070	2.7	4.7	0.8	10	0	0	3.2	0.0	0.0	121,270	104,235	17,035	2.7	4.7	0.8
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	35	15	25	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	170	65	105	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	9,025	8,590	430	3.2	6.0	0.3	15	15	0	4.8	9.4	0.0	142,000	136,435	5,570	3.2	6.2	0.3
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	6,755	6,465	295	2.4	4.5	0.2	10	10	0	3.2	6.3	0.0	133,660	128,555	5,100	3.0	5.8	0.2
48. Precision production	4,370	4,160	205	1.5	2.9	0.1	15	15	0	4.8	9.4	0.0	88,560	83,270	5,290	2.0	3.8	0.2
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	4,890	2,700	2,190	1.7	1.9	1.5	10	0	0	3.2	0.0	0.0	79,190	45,870	33,320	1.8	2.1	1.5
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	2,645	1,155	1,490	0.9	0.8	1.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	51,620	26,290	25,335	1.2	1.2	1.1
03. Natural resources and conservation	2,240	1,540	700	0.8	1.1	0.5	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	27,565	19,580	7,985	0.6	0.9	0.4
Health and related fields	27,135	5,935	21,195	9.5	4.2	14.9	25	0	20	8.1	0.0	13.8	387,725	74,730	312,995	8.7	3.4	14.1
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	1,620	835	785	0.6	0.6	0.6	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	22,615	11,045	11,565	0.5	0.5	0.5
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	24,380	4,630	19,750	8.6	3.3	13.9	25	0	20	8.1	0.0	13.8	352,905	58,735	294,170	8.0	2.7	13.2
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	25	10	20	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	730	180	550	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	1,115	465	645	0.4	0.3	0.5	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	11,475	4,765	6,710	0.3	0.2	0.3
Personal, protective and transportation services	14,840	8,105	6,735	5.2	5.7	4.7	20	10	10	6.5	6.3	6.9	229,120	122,320	106,800	5.2	5.5	4.8
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	8,425	2,855	5,565	3.0	2.0	3.9	15	0	10	4.8	0.0	6.9	120,395	31,320	89,075	2.7	1.4	4.0
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	35	35	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	280	250	30	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	70	60	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	900	770	125	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	2,750	1,910	840	1.0	1.3	0.6	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	45,820	34,595	11,230	1.0	1.6	0.5
49. Transportation and materials moving	3,570	3,245	325	1.3	2.3	0.2	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	61,730	55,385	6,340	1.4	2.5	0.3
Other¹⁷⁹	200	55	145	0.1	0.0	0.1	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,040	290	750	0.0	0.0	0.0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	284,285	142,355	141,935	100.0	100.0	100.0	310	160	145	100.0	100.0	100.0	4,434,525	2,208,755	2,225,770	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	61,470	33,530	27,935	21.6	23.6	19.7	80	45	30	25.8	28.1	20.7	1,278,015	691,975	586,035	28.8	31.3	26.3
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	222,820	108,825	113,990	78.4	76.4	80.3	235	120	115	75.8	75.0	79.3	3,156,515	1,516,785	1,639,730	71.2	68.7	73.7
Location of study inside Canada	201,525	97,750	103,780	70.9	68.7	73.1	225	120	110	72.6	75.0	75.9	2,742,030	1,307,625	1,434,400	61.8	59.2	64.4
Same as province or territory of residence	197,900	95,690	102,210	69.6	67.2	72.0	225	120	110	72.6	75.0	75.9	2,625,165	1,249,755	1,375,410	59.2	56.6	61.8
Different than province or territory of residence	3,630	2,060	1,570	1.3	1.4	1.1	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	116,855	57,870	58,990	2.6	2.6	2.7
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	21,290	11,075	10,215	7.5	7.8	7.2	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	414,490	209,160	205,330	9.3	9.5	9.2
Americas	4,690	2,375	2,320	1.6	1.7	1.6	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	81,780	40,955	40,820	1.8	1.9	1.8
United States of America	765	455	310	0.3	0.3	0.2	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	22,720	12,785	9,930	0.5	0.6	0.4
Mexico	515	225	290	0.2	0.2	0.2	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	9,685	4,330	5,350	0.2	0.2	0.2
Cuba	200	100	100	0.1	0.1	0.1	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,325	1,770	1,555	0.1	0.1	0.1
Haiti	180	80	95	0.1	0.1	0.1	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	9,100	4,860	4,245	0.2	0.2	0.2
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	215	125	95	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazil	1,325	675	650	0.5	0.5	0.5	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	8,640	4,105	4,540	0.2	0.2	0.2
Colombia	1,085	535	545	0.4	0.4	0.4	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	11,880	5,550	6,340	0.3	0.3	0.3
Peru	110	50	65	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,210	1,335	1,875	0.1	0.1	0.1
Venezuela⁹⁵	135	65	70	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,615	1,525	2,090	0.1	0.1	0.1
Other locations of study in Americas	390	185	200	0.1	0.1	0.1	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	9,395	4,580	4,815	0.2	0.2	0.2
Europe	8,710	4,785	3,920	3.1	3.4	2.8	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	138,260	74,045	64,210	3.1	3.4	2.9
Belgium	340	210	130	0.1	0.1	0.1	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	4,415	2,385	2,030	0.1	0.1	0.1
France	6,325	3,520	2,800	2.2	2.5	2.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	77,225	43,085	34,135	1.7	2.0	1.5
Germany	110	50	60	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,410	1,335	1,070	0.1	0.1	0.0
Netherlands	40	15	20	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	935	530	415	0.0	0.0	0.0
Switzerland	235	135	100	0.1	0.1	0.1	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,520	1,425	1,090	0.1	0.1	0.0
Hungary	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	370	190	180	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldova¹⁸³	110	50	60	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5,245	2,500	2,750	0.1	0.1	0.1
Poland	60	25	40	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,700	620	1,080	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romania	180	90	90	0.1	0.1	0.1	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10,370	5,330	5,040	0.2	0.2	0.2
Russian Federation	145	60	85	0.1	0.0	0.1	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5,330	2,420	2,905	0.1	0.1	0.1
Ukraine	185	80	105	0.1	0.1	0.1	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	4,615	2,105	2,510	0.1	0.1	0.1
Ireland⁹⁶	20	15	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	465	290	175	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	275	175	100	0.1	0.1	0.1	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	8,955	4,885	4,070	0.2	0.2	0.2
Bosnia and Herzegovina	185	70	115	0.1	0.0	0.1	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	715	360	360	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	100	85	15	0.0	0.1	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,330	1,345	985	0.1	0.1	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	345	155	180	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Europe	370	200	170	0.1	0.1	0.1	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10,325	5,080	5,245	0.2	0.2	0.2
Africa	6,355	3,260	3,095	2.2	2.3	2.2	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	95,260	49,800	45,460	2.1	2.3	2.0
Nigeria	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,835	955	880	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algeria	830	395	440	0.3	0.3	0.3	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	30,560	15,715	14,850	0.7	0.7	0.7
Morocco	1,085	560	525	0.4	0.4	0.4	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	19,240	9,910	9,330	0.4	0.4	0.4
Tunisia	1,485	780	705	0.5	0.5	0.5	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10,865	6,135	4,730	0.2	0.3	0.2
Egypt	50	25	25	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	6,245	3,170	3,075	0.1	0.1	0.1
South Africa, Republic of	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	585	290	295	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Africa	2,875	1,485	1,390	1.0	1.0	1.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	25,925	13,620	12,310	0.6	0.6	0.6
Asia	1,465	615	850	0.5	0.4	0.6	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	96,865	43,055	53,805	2.2	1.9	2.4
Iran⁸⁸	295	135	160	0.1	0.1	0.1	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	9,440	4,365	5,075	0.2	0.2	0.2
Iraq	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	795	380	415	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,315	650	665	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	70	15	60	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	9,840	4,795	5,050	0.2	0.2	0.2
Syria⁸⁹	40	25	15	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5,960	2,795	3,165	0.1	0.1	0.1
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,210	685	525	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	335	155	180	0.1	0.1	0.1	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	20,740	9,165	11,570	0.5	0.4	0.5
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	665	235	430	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	405	170	235	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	60	0	50	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,395	435	955	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	30	10	20	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,275	820	1,450	0.1	0.0	0.1
Philippines	175	60	125	0.1	0.0	0.1	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	14,170	4,975	9,195	0.3	0.2	0.4
Viet Nam	65	15	55	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,730	590	1,135	0.0	0.0	0.1
Bangladesh	55	30	25	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,530	1,315	1,215	0.1	0.1	0.1
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	970	410	565	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	110	65	45	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	13,730	6,885	6,845	0.3	0.3	0.3
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,210	1,080	1,125	0.0	0.0	0.1
Other locations of study in Asia	165	65	100	0.1	0.0	0.1	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	7,490	3,285	4,205	0.2	0.1	0.2
Oceania	70	35	35	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,325	1,300	1,025	0.1	0.1	0.0
Australia	55	30	30	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,795	1,010	785	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Zealand	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	400	215	185	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	130	75	55	0.0	0.0	0.0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	452,695	220,490	232,205	...	...	...	375	205	170	...	...	...	6,918,730	3,414,515	3,504,210	...	...	...
In the labour force	293,655	151,170	142,485	...	...	...	300	160	140	...	...	...	4,435,465	2,302,595	2,132,870	...	...	...
Employed	272,665	140,475	132,190	...	...	...	285	155	130	...	...	...	4,100,450	2,126,350	1,974,095	...	...	...
Unemployed	20,990	10,695	10,295	...	...	...	15	10	10	...	...	...	335,015	176,245	158,775	...	...	...
Not in the labour force	159,035	69,320	89,715	...	...	...	75	45	30	...	...	...	2,483,265	1,111,920	1,371,340	...	...	...
Participation rate	64.9	68.6	61.4	64.9	68.6	61.4	80.0	78.0	82.4	80.0	78.0	82.4	64.1	67.4	60.9	64.1	67.4	60.9
Employment rate	60.2	63.7	56.9	60.2	63.7	56.9	76.0	75.6	76.5	76.0	75.6	76.5	59.3	62.3	56.3	59.3	62.3	56.3
Unemployment rate	7.1	7.1	7.2	7.1	7.1	7.2	5.0	6.3	7.1	5.0	6.3	7.1	7.6	7.7	7.4	7.6	7.7	7.4
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	452,695	220,490	232,205	100.0	100.0	100.0	370	205	170	100.0	100.0	100.0	6,918,725	3,414,515	3,504,215	100.0	100.0	100.0
Did not work¹⁸⁶	152,255	66,115	86,145	33.6	30.0	37.1	60	35	30	16.2	17.1	17.6	2,442,685	1,085,560	1,357,125	35.3	31.8	38.7
Worked	300,435	154,375	146,060	66.4	70.0	62.9	310	175	145	83.8	85.4	85.3	4,476,045	2,328,960	2,147,085	64.7	68.2	61.3
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	164,495	87,840	76,660	36.3	39.8	33.0	165	80	85	44.6	39.0	50.0	2,360,025	1,281,245	1,078,775	34.1	37.5	30.8
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	135,940	66,535	69,405	30.0	30.2	29.9	145	90	55	39.2	43.9	32.4	2,116,020	1,047,710	1,068,310	30.6	30.7	30.5
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.1	42.6	41.6	42.1	42.6	41.6	42.0	40.6	44.0	42.0	40.6	44.0	41.3	41.7	40.8	41.3	41.7	40.8
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	293,660	151,170	142,490	100.0	100.0	100.0	300	165	135	100.0	100.0	100.0	4,435,460	2,302,590	2,132,870	100.0	100.0	100.0
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	4,620	2,160	2,460	1.6	1.4	1.7	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	90,550	43,585	46,970	2.0	1.9	2.2
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	289,040	149,015	140,030	98.4	98.6	98.3	300	165	135	100.0	100.0	100.0	4,344,910	2,259,010	2,085,905	98.0	98.1	97.8
Employee	262,230	133,010	129,220	89.3	88.0	90.7	260	145	115	86.7	87.9	85.2	3,814,195	1,934,455	1,879,740	86.0	84.0	88.1
Permanent position	217,200	111,790	105,405	74.0	73.9	74.0	240	135	105	80.0	81.8	77.8	3,190,685	1,637,795	1,552,885	71.9	71.1	72.8
Temporary position	45,030	21,220	23,815	15.3	14.0	16.7	20	10	10	6.7	6.1	7.4	623,510	296,655	326,850	14.1	12.9	15.3
Fixed term (1 year or more)	17,975	7,995	9,980	6.1	5.3	7.0	10	0	0	3.3	0.0	0.0	217,905	94,210	123,700	4.9	4.1	5.8
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	27,055	13,225	13,830	9.2	8.7	9.7	10	0	0	3.3	0.0	0.0	405,605	202,450	203,155	9.1	8.8	9.5
Self-employed¹⁹²	26,810	16,000	10,815	9.1	10.6	7.6	40	15	25	13.3	9.1	18.5	530,720	324,555	206,165	12.0	14.1	9.7
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	293,660	151,170	142,490	100.0	100.0	100.0	300	165	135	100.0	100.0	100.0	4,435,460	2,302,590	2,132,870	100.0	100.0	100.0
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	4,620	2,160	2,460	1.6	1.4	1.7	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	90,550	43,585	46,970	2.0	1.9	2.2
All occupations¹⁹¹	289,040	149,015	140,030	98.4	98.6	98.3	300	165	135	100.0	100.0	100.0	4,344,910	2,259,010	2,085,905	98.0	98.1	97.8
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	4,550	3,155	1,400	1.5	2.1	1.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	79,745	57,370	22,370	1.8	2.5	1.0
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	57,590	20,305	37,290	19.6	13.4	26.2	45	25	15	15.0	15.2	11.1	778,905	256,150	522,760	17.6	11.1	24.5
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	33,185	24,885	8,300	11.3	16.5	5.8	30	20	10	10.0	12.1	7.4	360,495	272,510	87,985	8.1	11.8	4.1
3 Health occupations	27,435	6,325	21,115	9.3	4.2	14.8	30	0	30	10.0	0.0	22.2	359,665	70,075	289,590	8.1	3.0	13.6
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	42,380	15,055	27,320	14.4	10.0	19.2	55	10	45	18.3	6.1	33.3	558,725	166,020	392,700	12.6	7.2	18.4
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	10,240	5,255	4,980	3.5	3.5	3.5	20	20	0	6.7	12.1	0.0	146,560	72,400	74,165	3.3	3.1	3.5
6 Sales and service occupations	70,075	35,450	34,620	23.9	23.5	24.3	55	20	35	18.3	12.1	25.9	1,064,155	499,825	564,335	24.0	21.7	26.5
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	34,910	32,175	2,735	11.9	21.3	1.9	50	50	0	16.7	30.3	0.0	702,290	645,355	56,935	15.8	28.0	2.7
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	1,835	1,460	375	0.6	1.0	0.3	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	86,625	68,885	17,735	2.0	3.0	0.8
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	6,840	4,945	1,900	2.3	3.3	1.3	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	207,740	150,405	57,335	4.7	6.5	2.7
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	293,660	151,170	142,490	100.0	100.0	100.0	300	165	135	100.0	100.0	100.0	4,435,460	2,302,590	2,132,870	100.0	100.0	100.0
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	4,620	2,160	2,460	1.6	1.4	1.7	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	90,550	43,585	46,970	2.0	1.9	2.2
All industries¹⁹¹	289,040	149,015	140,030	98.4	98.6	98.3	300	165	135	100.0	100.0	100.0	4,344,910	2,259,010	2,085,905	98.0	98.1	97.8
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	1,325	745	585	0.5	0.5	0.4	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	79,050	55,055	23,990	1.8	2.4	1.1
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	545	455	90	0.2	0.3	0.1	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	24,890	21,200	3,695	0.6	0.9	0.2
22 Utilities	1,355	1,070	285	0.5	0.7	0.2	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	31,005	22,680	8,330	0.7	1.0	0.4
23 Construction	14,465	12,520	1,945	4.9	8.3	1.4	30	30	0	10.0	18.2	0.0	296,035	254,795	41,240	6.7	11.1	1.9
31-33 Manufacturing	17,005	12,255	4,750	5.8	8.1	3.3	30	25	0	10.0	15.2	0.0	449,115	320,715	128,405	10.1	13.9	6.0
41 Wholesale trade	7,745	5,785	1,960	2.6	3.8	1.4	10	10	0	3.3	6.1	0.0	147,340	96,670	50,670	3.3	4.2	2.4
44-45 Retail trade	32,945	16,625	16,320	11.2	11.0	11.5	30	10	20	10.0	6.1	14.8	514,090	248,905	265,185	11.6	10.8	12.4
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	10,475	8,380	2,095	3.6	5.5	1.5	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	209,445	161,115	48,330	4.7	7.0	2.3
51 Information and cultural industries	4,710	3,105	1,610	1.6	2.1	1.1	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	94,130	57,495	36,630	2.1	2.5	1.7
52 Finance and insurance	13,925	6,395	7,535	4.7	4.2	5.3	10	0	0	3.3	0.0	0.0	169,985	74,020	95,960	3.8	3.2	4.5
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	4,260	2,505	1,755	1.5	1.7	1.2	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	63,030	35,450	27,575	1.4	1.5	1.3
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	26,485	16,180	10,305	9.0	10.7	7.2	25	25	0	8.3	15.2	0.0	345,345	193,365	151,985	7.8	8.4	7.1
55 Management of companies and enterprises	300	160	145	0.1	0.1	0.1	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5,605	2,675	2,935	0.1	0.1	0.1
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	12,020	7,565	4,460	4.1	5.0	3.1	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	171,345	104,695	66,645	3.9	4.5	3.1
61 Educational services	23,225	8,030	15,195	7.9	5.3	10.7	10	0	0	3.3	0.0	0.0	340,885	104,300	236,590	7.7	4.5	11.1
62 Health care and social assistance	44,870	10,755	34,120	15.3	7.1	23.9	65	0	65	21.7	0.0	48.1	617,200	122,675	494,525	13.9	5.3	23.2
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	4,885	2,560	2,330	1.7	1.7	1.6	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	72,700	38,810	33,890	1.6	1.7	1.6
72 Accommodation and food services	17,505	9,160	8,345	6.0	6.1	5.9	10	0	0	3.3	0.0	0.0	232,480	109,950	122,530	5.2	4.8	5.7
81 Other services (except public administration)	11,610	5,415	6,195	4.0	3.6	4.3	25	10	20	8.3	6.1	14.8	190,470	89,730	100,735	4.3	3.9	4.7
91 Public administration	39,380	19,355	20,025	13.4	12.8	14.1	35	25	10	11.7	15.2	7.4	290,765	144,705	146,055	6.6	6.3	6.8
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	315,715	162,155	153,555	100.0	100.0	100.0	315	175	145	100.0	100.0	100.0	4,747,110	2,464,325	2,282,785	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	3,370	1,975	1,400	1.1	1.2	0.9	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	350,525	195,385	155,145	7.4	7.9	6.8
French	259,740	128,735	131,000	82.3	79.4	85.3	280	155	125	88.9	88.6	86.2	3,032,290	1,536,735	1,495,555	63.9	62.4	65.5
Non-official language	355	185	170	0.1	0.1	0.1	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	18,820	10,150	8,670	0.4	0.4	0.4
Indigenous³⁹	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	4,175	2,195	1,975	0.1	0.1	0.1
Non-Indigenous	340	180	160	0.1	0.1	0.1	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	14,650	7,955	6,690	0.3	0.3	0.3
English and French	49,510	30,060	19,450	15.7	18.5	12.7	35	20	15	11.1	11.4	10.3	1,245,535	671,300	574,230	26.2	27.2	25.2
English and non-official language(s)	130	75	60	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	25,875	13,895	11,980	0.5	0.6	0.5
French and non-official language(s)	1,120	465	655	0.4	0.3	0.4	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	20,370	9,725	10,645	0.4	0.4	0.5
English, French and non-official language(s)	1,475	665	815	0.5	0.4	0.5	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	52,970	26,700	26,265	1.1	1.1	1.2
Multiple non-official languages	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	725	435	290	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	315,715	162,155	153,555	100.0	100.0	100.0	315	175	145	100.0	100.0	100.0	4,747,110	2,464,325	2,282,785	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	309,415	158,325	151,090	98.0	97.6	98.4	305	175	135	96.8	100.0	93.1	4,477,745	2,321,955	2,155,790	94.3	94.2	94.4
Official languages	308,770	158,015	150,750	97.8	97.4	98.2	305	175	130	96.8	100.0	89.7	4,441,500	2,302,830	2,138,665	93.6	93.4	93.7
English	8,855	5,265	3,590	2.8	3.2	2.3	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	668,485	365,785	302,695	14.1	14.8	13.3
French	299,915	152,750	147,165	95.0	94.2	95.8	305	175	130	96.8	100.0	89.7	3,773,015	1,937,050	1,835,965	79.5	78.6	80.4
Non-official languages	650	315	335	0.2	0.2	0.2	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	36,245	19,120	17,125	0.8	0.8	0.8
Indigenous languages³⁹	30	25	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10,220	5,140	5,080	0.2	0.2	0.2
Algonquian languages	30	25	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	6,520	3,320	3,195	0.1	0.1	0.1
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	30	25	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	6,480	3,310	3,170	0.1	0.1	0.1
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,015	585	430	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,730	1,925	1,810	0.1	0.1	0.1
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	110	65	40	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	760	375	385	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	20	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,830	1,465	1,370	0.1	0.1	0.1
Innu (Montagnais)	30	25	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,570	720	855	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	155	80	80	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	20	0	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	20	0	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,690	1,815	1,875	0.1	0.1	0.1
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,690	1,815	1,875	0.1	0.1	0.1
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	620	290	330	0.2	0.2	0.2	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	26,030	13,980	12,050	0.5	0.6	0.5
Afro-Asiatic languages	30	0	20	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,465	1,385	1,075	0.1	0.1	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	35	25	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	30	20	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	30	0	20	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,425	1,365	1,060	0.1	0.1	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	20	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,235	1,290	945	0.0	0.1	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	160	70	95	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	40	15	25	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,640	720	920	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	315	140	175	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	30	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,325	585	745	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	150	70	75	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	120	55	65	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	330	150	175	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	325	145	175	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	160	65	95	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	150	65	85	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	405	195	205	0.1	0.1	0.1	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	13,485	7,750	5,735	0.3	0.3	0.3
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	310	200	115	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,025	395	625	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,025	395	625	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	55	20	30	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	135	45	90	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	735	280	450	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	30	20	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	55	25	35	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,420	725	695	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,345	680	665	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	300	175	125	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	35	20	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,000	485	520	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	35	25	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	35	20	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	40	20	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	420	180	240	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	45	15	25	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,550	1,410	1,135	0.1	0.1	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,950	1,065	885	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	115	40	70	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	35	10	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	145	70	75	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,480	855	625	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	160	80	85	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	30	10	25	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	600	345	255	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	25	20	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	30	10	25	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	570	320	250	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	185	115	75	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	25	10	20	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	365	200	165	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	25	15	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	330	170	165	0.1	0.1	0.1	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	7,725	4,830	2,890	0.2	0.2	0.1
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	445	220	225	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	25	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	485	185	300	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	230	135	95	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	295	155	145	0.1	0.1	0.1	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	6,530	4,250	2,275	0.1	0.2	0.1
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	35	30	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	220	40	185	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	370	165	215	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	90	55	40	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	15	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	35	30	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	35	15	20	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	325	125	195	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	30	15	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	35	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	265	100	170	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	80	40	40	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	6,580	3,370	3,210	0.1	0.1	0.1
Chinese languages	80	40	40	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	6,580	3,370	3,210	0.1	0.1	0.1
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	40	20	15	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	4,285	2,190	2,095	0.1	0.1	0.1
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	75	30	40	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	40	15	20	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,195	1,130	1,060	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	25	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	50	15	35	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	40	10	30	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	140	65	70	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	135	65	70	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	20	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	6,300	3,830	2,465	2.0	2.4	1.6	10	0	0	3.2	0.0	0.0	269,365	142,370	126,995	5.7	5.8	5.6
English and French	5,820	3,610	2,210	1.8	2.2	1.4	10	0	0	3.2	0.0	0.0	249,945	132,640	117,300	5.3	5.4	5.1
English and non-official language(s)	45	30	15	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	7,150	3,800	3,355	0.2	0.2	0.1
French and non-official language(s)	320	125	190	0.1	0.1	0.1	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	6,010	2,675	3,335	0.1	0.1	0.1
English, French and non-official language(s)	115	65	50	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	6,165	3,215	2,950	0.1	0.1	0.1
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	90	30	60	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	315,715	162,155	153,555	100.0	100.0	100.0	315	175	145	100.0	100.0	100.0	4,747,110	2,464,325	2,282,785	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	269,430	134,590	134,840	85.3	83.0	87.8	285	155	135	90.5	88.6	93.1	3,655,520	1,876,935	1,778,585	77.0	76.2	77.9
English	38,745	23,370	15,370	12.3	14.4	10.0	25	20	0	7.9	11.4	0.0	720,960	391,075	329,885	15.2	15.9	14.5
French	5,470	3,275	2,195	1.7	2.0	1.4	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	302,145	161,340	140,805	6.4	6.5	6.2
Non-official language	930	385	545	0.3	0.2	0.4	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	32,245	16,505	15,745	0.7	0.7	0.7
Indigenous³⁹	40	10	30	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,025	1,350	1,675	0.1	0.1	0.1
Non-Indigenous	895	375	515	0.3	0.2	0.3	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	29,220	15,155	14,065	0.6	0.6	0.6
English and French	25	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,520	1,270	1,250	0.1	0.1	0.1
English and non-official language(s)	880	405	470	0.3	0.2	0.3	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	19,400	9,340	10,060	0.4	0.4	0.4
French and non-official language(s)	175	75	95	0.1	0.0	0.1	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	11,070	6,110	4,970	0.2	0.2	0.2
English, French and non-official language(s)	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	280	160	125	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	50	30	20	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,965	1,605	1,365	0.1	0.1	0.1
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	272,665	140,475	132,190	100.0	100.0	100.0	285	160	130	100.0	100.0	100.0	4,100,450	2,126,350	1,974,095	100.0	100.0	100.0
Worked at home	71,305	35,490	35,815	26.2	25.3	27.1	65	25	40	22.8	15.6	30.8	897,770	435,285	462,480	21.9	20.5	23.4
Worked outside Canada	450	325	125	0.2	0.2	0.1	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	8,355	5,980	2,380	0.2	0.3	0.1
No fixed workplace address	25,050	18,640	6,405	9.2	13.3	4.8	40	30	10	14.0	18.8	7.7	442,035	333,730	108,305	10.8	15.7	5.5
Usual place of work	175,860	86,015	89,845	64.5	61.2	68.0	180	100	80	63.2	62.5	61.5	2,752,285	1,351,360	1,400,930	67.1	63.6	71.0
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	175,860	86,015	89,840	100.0	100.0	100.0	175	100	80	100.0	100.0	100.0	2,752,285	1,351,360	1,400,930	100.0	100.0	100.0
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	153,905	72,085	81,825	87.5	83.8	91.1	115	50	65	65.7	50.0	81.3	1,475,055	685,340	789,710	53.6	50.7	56.4
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	6,390	3,755	2,635	3.6	4.4	2.9	30	15	15	17.1	15.0	18.8	419,210	203,335	215,875	15.2	15.0	15.4
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	15,300	9,985	5,305	8.7	11.6	5.9	35	30	0	20.0	30.0	0.0	823,150	442,385	380,765	29.9	32.7	27.2
Commute to a different province or territory	265	190	75	0.2	0.2	0.1	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	34,875	20,300	14,575	1.3	1.5	1.0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	200,910	104,660	96,250	100.0	100.0	100.0	220	130	90	100.0	100.0	100.0	3,194,325	1,685,090	1,509,235	100.0	100.0	100.0
Car, truck or van	157,975	84,910	73,070	78.6	81.1	75.9	220	130	90	100.0	100.0	100.0	2,633,265	1,430,735	1,202,535	82.4	84.9	79.7
Car, truck or van - as a driver	148,025	81,190	66,830	73.7	77.6	69.4	220	130	85	100.0	100.0	94.4	2,482,735	1,367,240	1,115,495	77.7	81.1	73.9
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	9,950	3,720	6,235	5.0	3.6	6.5	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	150,535	63,495	87,040	4.7	3.8	5.8
Public transit	21,765	9,120	12,650	10.8	8.7	13.1	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	287,345	120,460	166,885	9.0	7.1	11.1
Walked	15,185	6,930	8,255	7.6	6.6	8.6	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	178,645	78,570	100,075	5.6	4.7	6.6
Bicycle	2,835	1,990	845	1.4	1.9	0.9	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	40,420	26,585	13,835	1.3	1.6	0.9
Other method	3,145	1,710	1,435	1.6	1.6	1.5	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	54,645	28,740	25,895	1.7	1.7	1.7
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	200,910	104,660	96,250	100.0	100.0	100.0	220	130	90	100.0	100.0	100.0	3,194,325	1,685,090	1,509,235	100.0	100.0	100.0
Less than 15 minutes	65,060	31,855	33,205	32.4	30.4	34.5	25	0	20	11.4	0.0	22.2	1,005,850	482,465	523,385	31.5	28.6	34.7
15 to 29 minutes	96,435	51,700	44,735	48.0	49.4	46.5	150	90	65	68.2	69.2	72.2	1,110,975	578,835	532,140	34.8	34.4	35.3
30 to 44 minutes	26,865	14,450	12,410	13.4	13.8	12.9	40	30	10	18.2	23.1	11.1	635,870	363,430	272,445	19.9	21.6	18.1
45 to 59 minutes	7,325	3,635	3,690	3.6	3.5	3.8	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	235,140	133,720	101,425	7.4	7.9	6.7
60 minutes and over	5,225	3,015	2,205	2.6	2.9	2.3	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	206,480	126,635	79,840	6.5	7.5	5.3
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	200,910	104,660	96,250	100.0	100.0	100.0	220	130	90	100.0	100.0	100.0	3,194,325	1,685,090	1,509,235	100.0	100.0	100.0
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	8,920	6,555	2,370	4.4	6.3	2.5	20	20	0	9.1	15.4	0.0	241,420	189,270	52,155	7.6	11.2	3.5
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	34,980	22,870	12,110	17.4	21.9	12.6	60	60	0	27.3	46.2	0.0	569,745	368,480	201,265	17.8	21.9	13.3
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	67,700	32,135	35,565	33.7	30.7	37.0	75	30	45	34.1	23.1	50.0	935,640	441,465	494,170	29.3	26.2	32.7
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	42,590	18,840	23,740	21.2	18.0	24.7	35	10	30	15.9	7.7	33.3	626,895	259,220	367,675	19.6	15.4	24.4
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	17,735	8,095	9,640	8.8	7.7	10.0	10	0	0	4.5	0.0	0.0	330,930	142,495	188,435	10.4	8.5	12.5
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	28,990	16,155	12,830	14.4	15.4	13.3	20	15	10	9.1	11.5	11.1	489,685	284,160	205,530	15.3	16.9	13.6
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	96,720	49,250	47,470	100.0	100.0	100.0	150	65	80	100.0	100.0	100.0	1,677,585	859,745	817,835	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	8,450	4,175	4,280	8.7	8.5	9.0	5	0	0	3.3	0.0	0.0	303,835	156,030	147,805	18.1	18.1	18.1
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	88,270	45,075	43,195	91.3	91.5	91.0	145	65	80	96.7	100.0	100.0	1,373,745	703,720	670,030	81.9	81.9	81.9
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	69,680	35,320	34,355	100.0	100.0	100.0	115	50	65	100.0	100.0	100.0	1,222,970	626,390	596,585	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	6,520	3,210	3,310	9.4	9.1	9.6	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	230,080	118,075	112,005	18.8	18.9	18.8
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	4,810	2,330	2,485	6.9	6.6	7.2	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	175,305	90,000	85,305	14.3	14.4	14.3
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	1,710	885	825	2.5	2.5	2.4	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	54,775	28,070	26,700	4.5	4.5	4.5
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	63,155	32,105	31,050	90.6	90.9	90.4	110	50	65	95.7	100.0	100.0	992,895	508,315	484,580	81.2	81.1	81.2

Symbol legend

...
not applicable
x
suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed July 7, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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