Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	Stratford, Town (T)More information: Prince Edward Island [Census subdivision]
	Counts			Rates
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	10,927	...	...	...	...	...
Population, 2016¹	9,711^r	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	12.5	...	...	12.5	...	...
Total private dwellings²	4,667	...	...	...	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	4,307	...	...	...	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	482.0	...	...	482.0	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	22.67	...	...	...	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	10,925	5,285	5,640	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	2,070	1,070	1,000	18.9	20.2	17.7
0 to 4 years	570	300	270	5.2	5.7	4.8
5 to 9 years	715	375	340	6.5	7.1	6.0
10 to 14 years	780	390	390	7.1	7.4	6.9
15 to 64 years	6,850	3,315	3,535	62.7	62.7	62.7
15 to 19 years	635	330	305	5.8	6.2	5.4
20 to 24 years	690	360	335	6.3	6.8	5.9
25 to 29 years	610	320	290	5.6	6.1	5.1
30 to 34 years	670	310	360	6.1	5.9	6.4
35 to 39 years	735	350	385	6.7	6.6	6.8
40 to 44 years	770	360	415	7.0	6.8	7.4
45 to 49 years	790	375	415	7.2	7.1	7.4
50 to 54 years	690	325	360	6.3	6.1	6.4
55 to 59 years	695	345	350	6.4	6.5	6.2
60 to 64 years	575	250	330	5.3	4.7	5.9
65 years and over	2,005	900	1,110	18.4	17.0	19.7
65 to 69 years	620	275	345	5.7	5.2	6.1
70 to 74 years	615	290	325	5.6	5.5	5.8
75 to 79 years	380	175	210	3.5	3.3	3.7
80 to 84 years	220	105	120	2.0	2.0	2.1
85 years and over	170	65	110	1.6	1.2	2.0
85 to 89 years	110	40	65	1.0	0.8	1.2
90 to 94 years	40	15	25	0.4	0.3	0.4
95 to 99 years	25	5	15	0.2	0.1	0.3
100 years and over	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	18.9	20.2	17.7	18.9	20.2	17.7
15 to 64 years	62.7	62.7	62.7	62.7	62.7	62.7
65 years and over	18.4	17.0	19.7	18.4	17.0	19.7
85 years and over	1.6	1.2	2.0	1.6	1.2	2.0
Average age of the population	40.3	39.0	41.5	40.3	39.0	41.5
Median age of the population	40.4	38.8	42.0	40.4	38.8	42.0
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	4,305	...	...	100.0	...	...
Single-detached house	2,825	...	...	65.6	...	...
Semi-detached house	375	...	...	8.7	...	...
Row house	155	...	...	3.6	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	25	...	...	0.6	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	875	...	...	20.3	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	45	...	...	1.0	...	...
Other single-attached house	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	5	...	...	0.1	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	4,310	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 person	1,000	...	...	23.2	...	...
2 persons	1,565	...	...	36.3	...	...
3 persons	705	...	...	16.4	...	...
4 persons	705	...	...	16.4	...	...
5 or more persons	330	...	...	7.7	...	...
Number of persons in private households	10,850	5,255	5,590	100.0	100.0	100.0
Average household size	2.5	...	...	2.5	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	8,860	4,215	4,645	100.0	100.0	100.0
Married or living common-law	5,560	2,775	2,780	62.8	65.8	59.8
Married	4,685	2,335	2,345	52.9	55.4	50.5
Living common-law	875	435	435	9.9	10.3	9.4
Living common law - Never married	635	315	325	7.2	7.5	7.0
Living common law - Separated	45	15	30	0.5	0.4	0.6
Living common law - Divorced	180	100	80	2.0	2.4	1.7
Living common law - Widowed	15	5	10	0.2	0.1	0.2
Not married and not living common-law	3,305	1,435	1,870	37.3	34.0	40.3
Not married and not living common law - Never married	2,210	1,145	1,065	24.9	27.2	22.9
Not married and not living common law - Separated	195	75	125	2.2	1.8	2.7
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	440	135	305	5.0	3.2	6.6
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	455	85	375	5.1	2.0	8.1
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	3,175	...	...	100.0	...	...
2 persons	1,580	...	...	49.8	...	...
3 persons	670	...	...	21.1	...	...
4 persons	655	...	...	20.6	...	...
5 or more persons	270	...	...	8.5	...	...
Average size of census families	2.9	...	...	2.9	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.8	...	...	1.8	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	3,175	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total couple families	2,730	...	...	86.0	...	...
Married couples	2,290	...	...	72.1	...	...
With children⁶	1,260	...	...	39.7	...	...
Without children	1,030	...	...	32.4	...	...
Common-law couples	440	...	...	13.9	...	...
With children⁶	160	...	...	5.0	...	...
Without children	275	...	...	8.7	...	...
Total one-parent families	450	...	...	14.2	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	350	...	...	11.0	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	95	...	...	3.0	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	10,845	5,260	5,590	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total - Persons in census families	9,215	4,560	4,660	85.0	86.7	83.4
Married spouses or common-law partners	5,455	2,720	2,730	50.3	51.7	48.8
Parents in one-parent families	445	95	355	4.1	1.8	6.4
Children⁶	3,315	1,740	1,575	30.6	33.1	28.2
In a two-parent family	2,640	1,365	1,270	24.3	26.0	22.7
In a one-parent family	680	370	300	6.3	7.0	5.4
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	1,635	700	930	15.1	13.3	16.6
Living alone	995	355	645	9.2	6.7	11.5
Living with other relatives⁷	165	70	95	1.5	1.3	1.7
Living with non-relatives only	470	280	195	4.3	5.3	3.5
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	4,305	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	2,910	...	...	67.6	...	...
Couple-family households	2,540	...	...	59.0	...	...
With children⁶	1,335	...	...	31.0	...	...
Without children	1,205	...	...	28.0	...	...
One-parent-family households	370	...	...	8.6	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	70	...	...	1.6	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	25	...	...	0.6	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	110	...	...	2.6	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	195	...	...	4.5	...	...
One-person households	995	...	...	23.1	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	8,780	4,190	4,590	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	8,425	4,000	4,425	96.0	95.5	96.4
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	45,600	50,000	41,600	45,600	50,000	41,600
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	8,450	4,015	4,435	96.2	95.8	96.6
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	39,600	42,400	36,400	39,600	42,400	36,400
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	7,930	3,815	4,115	90.3	91.1	89.7
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	38,000	44,000	32,800	38,000	44,000	32,800
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	6,385	3,150	3,235	72.7	75.2	70.5
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	39,600	44,000	35,200	39,600	44,000	35,200
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	6,350	2,710	3,645	72.3	64.7	79.4
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	10,700	11,000	10,700	10,700	11,000	10,700
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	1,090	515	580	12.4	12.3	12.6
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,920	5,960	5,920	5,920	5,960	5,920
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	2,075	1,005	1,070	23.6	24.0	23.3
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,000	7,500	8,000	8,000	7,500	8,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	8,735	4,175	4,560	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	8,400	3,985	4,415	96.2	95.4	96.8
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	56,250	62,650	50,520	56,250	62,650	50,520
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	8,435	4,005	4,430	96.6	95.9	97.1
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	45,520	49,920	41,600	45,520	49,920	41,600
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	7,920	3,795	4,125	90.7	90.9	90.5
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	50,480	57,700	43,800	50,480	57,700	43,800
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	6,335	3,170	3,165	72.5	75.9	69.4
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	50,360	55,850	44,840	50,360	55,850	44,840
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	6,370	2,695	3,670	72.9	64.6	80.5
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	11,470	11,360	11,550	11,470	11,360	11,550
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	1,090	495	600	12.5	11.9	13.2
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,500	7,720	7,320	7,500	7,720	7,320
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	2,095	1,070	1,030	24.0	25.6	22.6
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,380	8,400	8,360	8,380	8,400	8,360
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	8,735	4,175	4,565	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	3,380	1,740	1,640	38.7	41.7	35.9
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	64,000	66,000	61,600	64,000	66,000	61,600
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	73,900	80,400	67,000	73,900	80,400	67,000
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	2,315	1,105	1,210	26.5	26.5	26.5
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	16,000	17,200	14,500	16,000	17,200	14,500
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	25,480	28,700	22,560	25,480	28,700	22,560
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	84.6	87.8	81.0	84.6	87.8	81.0
Employment income (%)¹⁹	67.6	71.0	63.6	67.6	71.0	63.6
Government transfers (%)²⁰	15.4	12.3	19.0	15.4	12.3	19.0
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.7	1.5	2.0	1.7	1.5	2.0
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	4.4	4.1	4.8	4.4	4.1	4.8
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	3.7	3.6	3.8	3.7	3.6	3.8
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	8,780	4,190	4,590	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without total income	360	190	170	4.1	4.5	3.7
With total income	8,425	4,005	4,420	96.0	95.6	96.3
Under $10,000 (including loss)	635	260	375	7.5	6.5	8.5
$10,000 to $19,999	790	350	445	9.4	8.7	10.1
$20,000 to $29,999	1,170	485	690	13.9	12.1	15.6
$30,000 to $39,999	1,090	475	615	12.9	11.9	13.9
$40,000 to $49,999	940	430	510	11.2	10.7	11.5
$50,000 to $59,999	840	380	460	10.0	9.5	10.4
$60,000 to $69,999	715	370	345	8.5	9.2	7.8
$70,000 to $79,999	560	295	265	6.6	7.4	6.0
$80,000 to $89,999	420	195	220	5.0	4.9	5.0
$90,000 to $99,999	325	155	175	3.9	3.9	4.0
$100,000 and over	930	610	320	11.0	15.2	7.2
$100,000 to $149,999	605	375	230	7.2	9.4	5.2
$150,000 and over	325	235	90	3.9	5.9	2.0
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	8,780	4,190	4,590	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without after-tax income	335	175	160	3.8	4.2	3.5
With after-tax income	8,445	4,015	4,430	96.2	95.8	96.5
Under $10,000 (including loss)	715	285	430	8.5	7.1	9.7
$10,000 to $19,999	855	380	480	10.1	9.5	10.8
$20,000 to $29,999	1,400	605	800	16.6	15.1	18.1
$30,000 to $39,999	1,320	600	725	15.6	14.9	16.4
$40,000 to $49,999	1,145	515	630	13.6	12.8	14.2
$50,000 to $59,999	1,005	525	480	11.9	13.1	10.8
$60,000 to $69,999	650	310	345	7.7	7.7	7.8
$70,000 to $79,999	485	245	245	5.7	6.1	5.5
$80,000 to $89,999	265	150	115	3.1	3.7	2.6
$90,000 to $99,999	165	100	60	2.0	2.5	1.4
$100,000 and over	430	300	130	5.1	7.5	2.9
$100,000 to $124,999	195	130	70	2.3	3.2	1.6
$125,000 and over	235	170	65	2.8	4.2	1.5
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	8,780	4,190	4,590	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without employment income	2,395	1,045	1,355	27.3	24.9	29.5
With employment income	6,385	3,150	3,240	72.7	75.2	70.6
Under $5,000 (including loss)	785	345	440	12.3	11.0	13.6
$5,000 to $9,999	555	235	310	8.7	7.5	9.6
$10,000 to $19,999	725	335	395	11.4	10.6	12.2
$20,000 to $29,999	580	275	305	9.1	8.7	9.4
$30,000 to $39,999	570	280	295	8.9	8.9	9.1
$40,000 to $49,999	520	240	280	8.1	7.6	8.6
$50,000 to $59,999	520	255	265	8.1	8.1	8.2
$60,000 to $69,999	455	250	210	7.1	7.9	6.5
$70,000 to $79,999	400	190	210	6.3	6.0	6.5
$80,000 to $89,999	335	140	195	5.2	4.4	6.0
$90,000 to $99,999	265	140	125	4.2	4.4	3.9
$100,000 and over	675	470	210	10.6	14.9	6.5
$100,000 to $124,999	315	210	105	4.9	6.7	3.2
$125,000 and over	355	255	100	5.6	8.1	3.1
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	8,780	4,190	4,590	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	8,270	3,925	4,345	94.2	93.7	94.7
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	43,600	48,400	39,600	43,600	48,400	39,600
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	8,275	3,925	4,350	94.2	93.7	94.8
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	37,600	41,200	34,800	37,600	41,200	34,800
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	7,820	3,770	4,050	89.1	90.0	88.2
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	38,400	44,000	33,200	38,400	44,000	33,200
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	6,445	3,170	3,270	73.4	75.7	71.2
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	38,800	42,800	34,800	38,800	42,800	34,800
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	5,570	2,290	3,280	63.4	54.7	71.5
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	7,700	8,000	7,550	7,700	8,000	7,550
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	1,010	490	520	11.5	11.7	11.3
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,450	6,600	6,280	6,450	6,600	6,280
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	8,735	4,175	4,560	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	8,280	3,910	4,375	94.8	93.7	95.9
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	53,650	60,850	47,240	53,650	60,850	47,240
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	8,285	3,910	4,380	94.8	93.7	96.1
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	43,400	48,400	38,920	43,400	48,400	38,920
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	7,820	3,765	4,050	89.5	90.2	88.8
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	50,480	57,850	43,560	50,480	57,850	43,560
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	6,480	3,235	3,250	74.2	77.5	71.3
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	49,080	54,900	43,240	49,080	54,900	43,240
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	5,580	2,255	3,325	63.9	54.0	72.9
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	8,910	8,760	9,010	8,910	8,760	9,010
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	940	450	490	10.8	10.8	10.7
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	8,000	7,600	8,360	8,000	7,600	8,360
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	8,735	4,175	4,565	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	3,355	1,725	1,635	38.4	41.3	35.8
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	60,400	63,600	57,600	60,400	63,600	57,600
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	69,600	75,700	63,150	69,600	75,700	63,150
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	2,195	1,045	1,145	25.1	25.0	25.1
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	20,400	21,400	19,000	20,400	21,400	19,000
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	30,360	35,600	25,600	30,360	35,600	25,600
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	88.8	91.6	85.4	88.8	91.6	85.4
Employment income (%)	71.6	74.6	68.0	71.6	74.6	68.0
Government transfers (%)	11.2	8.3	14.5	11.2	8.3	14.5
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.7	1.4	2.0	1.7	1.4	2.0
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	4,310	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	91,000	...	...	91,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	78,000	...	...	78,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	995	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	48,000	...	...	48,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	40,800	...	...	40,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	3,310	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	108,000	...	...	108,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	91,000	...	...	91,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	4,295	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	110,000	...	...	110,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	89,400	...	...	89,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	990	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	52,800	...	...	52,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	43,500	...	...	43,500	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	3,305	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	127,200	...	...	127,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	103,100	...	...	103,100	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	4,310	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	45	...	...	1.0	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	25	...	...	0.6	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	30	...	...	0.7	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	60	...	...	1.4	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	125	...	...	2.9	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	100	...	...	2.3	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	120	...	...	2.8	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	120	...	...	2.8	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	145	...	...	3.4	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	165	...	...	3.8	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	300	...	...	7.0	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	320	...	...	7.4	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	290	...	...	6.7	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	280	...	...	6.5	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	260	...	...	6.0	...	...
$100,000 and over	1,925	...	...	44.7	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	555	...	...	12.9	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	420	...	...	9.7	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	505	...	...	11.7	...	...
$200,000 and over	445	...	...	10.3	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	4,310	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	55	...	...	1.3	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	25	...	...	0.6	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	35	...	...	0.8	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	55	...	...	1.3	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	135	...	...	3.1	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	135	...	...	3.1	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	125	...	...	2.9	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	180	...	...	4.2	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	200	...	...	4.6	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	185	...	...	4.3	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	400	...	...	9.3	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	355	...	...	8.2	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	355	...	...	8.2	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	350	...	...	8.1	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	270	...	...	6.3	...	...
$100,000 and over	1,450	...	...	33.6	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	575	...	...	13.3	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	350	...	...	8.1	...	...
$150,000 and over	525	...	...	12.2	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	3,155	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	109,000	...	...	109,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	91,000	...	...	91,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.0	...	...	3.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	1,230	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	96,000	...	...	96,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	80,000	...	...	80,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	1,430	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	139,000	...	...	139,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	115,000	...	...	115,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	3.9	...	...	3.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	420	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	73,000	...	...	73,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	64,000	...	...	64,000	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	1,470	630	840	...	...	...
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	41,600	40,400	41,600	41,600	40,400	41,600
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	36,000	35,600	36,800	36,000	35,600	36,800
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	3,135	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	128,200	...	...	128,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	103,700	...	...	103,700	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,175	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	112,000	...	...	112,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	90,600	...	...	90,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,460	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	155,800	...	...	155,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	124,700	...	...	124,700	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	420	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	83,200	...	...	83,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	70,400	...	...	70,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	1,440	560	880	...	...	...
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	49,280	50,000	48,800	49,280	50,000	48,800
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	41,200	41,800	40,800	41,200	41,800	40,800
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	10,850	5,260	5,590	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	2,480	1,280	1,200	22.9	24.3	21.5
0 to 5 years	700	365	330	6.5	6.9	5.9
18 to 64 years	6,435	3,095	3,335	59.3	58.8	59.7
65 years and over	1,935	880	1,055	17.8	16.7	18.9
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	1,025	465	565	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	280	140	140	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	70	30	40	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	560	260	300	...	...	...
65 years and over	180	60	125	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	9.5	8.8	10.1	9.5	8.8	10.1
0 to 17 years (%)	11.4	11.2	11.6	11.4	11.2	11.6
0 to 5 years (%)	9.6	9.0	11.0	9.6	9.0	11.0
18 to 64 years (%)	8.8	8.4	9.1	8.8	8.4	9.1
65 years and over (%)	9.4	6.8	11.6	9.4	6.8	11.6
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	10,845	5,260	5,585	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	2,475	1,280	1,200	22.8	24.3	21.5
0 to 5 years	695	365	335	6.4	6.9	6.0
18 to 64 years	6,435	3,100	3,335	59.3	58.9	59.7
65 years and over	1,935	880	1,055	17.8	16.7	18.9
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	475	225	245	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	135	60	75	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	30	15	15	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	310	155	155	...	...	...
65 years and over	30	10	15	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	4.4	4.3	4.4	4.4	4.3	4.4
0 to 17 years (%)	5.4	4.8	6.2	5.4	4.8	6.2
0 to 5 years (%)	4.4	4.5	4.5	4.4	4.5	4.5
18 to 64 years (%)	4.9	5.1	4.7	4.9	5.1	4.7
65 years and over (%)	1.4	1.2	1.6	1.4	1.2	1.6
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	10,850	5,260	5,590	100.0	100.0	100.0
In bottom half of the distribution	5,150	2,440	2,710	47.5	46.4	48.5
In bottom decile	945	445	505	8.7	8.5	9.0
In second decile	950	440	505	8.8	8.4	9.0
In third decile	1,015	470	540	9.4	8.9	9.7
In fourth decile	1,105	530	575	10.2	10.1	10.3
In fifth decile	1,130	550	580	10.4	10.5	10.4
In top half of the distribution	5,700	2,820	2,880	52.5	53.6	51.5
In sixth decile	1,230	600	630	11.3	11.4	11.3
In seventh decile	1,245	610	640	11.5	11.6	11.4
In eighth decile	1,190	610	585	11.0	11.6	10.5
In ninth decile	985	480	500	9.1	9.1	8.9
In top decile	1,055	525	530	9.7	10.0	9.5
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	10,845	...	...	10,845	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.323	...	...	0.323	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.408	...	...	0.408	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.280	...	...	0.280	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.6	...	...	3.6	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	10,850	5,260	5,585	100.0	100.0	100.0
English only	8,960	4,435	4,520	82.6	84.3	80.9
French only	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
English and French	1,760	750	1,015	16.2	14.3	18.2
Neither English nor French	125	70	55	1.2	1.3	1.0
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	10,850	5,260	5,585	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	10,485	5,070	5,410	96.6	96.4	96.9
French	210	100	110	1.9	1.9	2.0
English and French	45	25	20	0.4	0.5	0.4
Neither English nor French	115	60	55	1.1	1.1	1.0
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	10,850	5,260	5,585	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	10,615	5,140	5,475	97.8	97.7	98.0
Official languages	9,285	4,450	4,835	85.6	84.6	86.6
English	9,090	4,360	4,730	83.8	82.9	84.7
French	200	95	105	1.8	1.8	1.9
Non-official languages	1,325	690	635	12.2	13.1	11.4
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	1,325	690	635	12.2	13.1	11.4
Afro-Asiatic languages	90	50	40	0.8	1.0	0.7
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	90	50	40	0.8	1.0	0.7
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	85	45	35	0.8	0.9	0.6
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	30	15	15	0.3	0.3	0.3
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	30	15	15	0.3	0.3	0.3
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	30	10	20	0.3	0.2	0.4
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	25	10	20	0.2	0.2	0.4
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	50	30	20	0.5	0.6	0.4
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	45	30	20	0.4	0.6	0.4
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	415	230	185	3.8	4.4	3.3
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	60	25	35	0.6	0.5	0.6
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	60	25	35	0.6	0.5	0.6
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Czech	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	25	10	15	0.2	0.2	0.3
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Bosnian	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	60	30	30	0.6	0.6	0.5
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	20	15	5	0.2	0.3	0.1
German	15	10	5	0.1	0.2	0.1
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	35	15	20	0.3	0.3	0.4
Afrikaans	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Dutch	25	10	15	0.2	0.2	0.3
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Indo-Iranian languages	210	135	80	1.9	2.6	1.4
Indo-Aryan languages	155	100	55	1.4	1.9	1.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Gujarati	20	15	5	0.2	0.3	0.1
Hindi	35	20	15	0.3	0.4	0.3
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	70	55	20	0.6	1.0	0.4
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Urdu	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	60	30	25	0.6	0.6	0.4
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	60	30	25	0.6	0.6	0.4
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	55	30	25	0.5	0.6	0.4
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	75	40	35	0.7	0.8	0.6
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	15	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.2
Romanian	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Spanish	50	30	20	0.5	0.6	0.4
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Korean	30	15	15	0.3	0.3	0.3
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	10	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	640	330	310	5.9	6.3	5.6
Chinese languages	635	325	310	5.9	6.2	5.6
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	550	285	270	5.1	5.4	4.8
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	65	30	30	0.6	0.6	0.5
Chinese, n.o.s.	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Burmese	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	15	10	10	0.1	0.2	0.2
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	15	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.2
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Estonian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	235	120	115	2.2	2.3	2.1
English and French	70	35	35	0.6	0.7	0.6
English and non-official language(s)	140	75	65	1.3	1.4	1.2
French and non-official language(s)	10	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
English, French and non-official language(s)	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	15	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.2
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	10,850	5,260	5,585	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	9,210	4,430	4,780	84.9	84.2	85.6
French	60	25	35	0.6	0.5	0.6
Non-official language	570	305	260	5.3	5.8	4.7
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	570	305	260	5.3	5.8	4.7
English and French	185	85	100	1.7	1.6	1.8
English and non-official language(s)	745	375	365	6.9	7.1	6.5
French and non-official language(s)	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
English, French and non-official language(s)	40	15	20	0.4	0.3	0.4
Multiple non-official languages	35	15	20	0.3	0.3	0.4
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	10,850	5,260	5,585	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	10,650	5,145	5,505	98.2	97.8	98.6
Official languages	9,695	4,645	5,050	89.4	88.3	90.4
English	9,600	4,600	5,000	88.5	87.5	89.5
French	95	40	55	0.9	0.8	1.0
Non-official languages	950	500	450	8.8	9.5	8.1
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	950	500	450	8.8	9.5	8.1
Afro-Asiatic languages	55	30	25	0.5	0.6	0.4
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	55	30	25	0.5	0.6	0.4
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	55	30	25	0.5	0.6	0.4
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	35	15	15	0.3	0.3	0.3
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	35	15	15	0.3	0.3	0.3
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	35	20	15	0.3	0.4	0.3
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	30	20	15	0.3	0.4	0.3
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	220	125	90	2.0	2.4	1.6
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	25	10	15	0.2	0.2	0.3
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	25	10	15	0.2	0.2	0.3
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	15	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.2
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	135	85	50	1.2	1.6	0.9
Indo-Aryan languages	85	55	25	0.8	1.0	0.4
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Hindi	20	10	5	0.2	0.2	0.1
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	50	40	15	0.5	0.8	0.3
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	50	25	25	0.5	0.5	0.4
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	50	25	25	0.5	0.5	0.4
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	50	25	25	0.5	0.5	0.4
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	50	30	20	0.5	0.6	0.4
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	10	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.2
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	35	25	15	0.3	0.5	0.3
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Korean	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
American Sign Language	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	555	285	270	5.1	5.4	4.8
Chinese languages	550	280	275	5.1	5.3	4.9
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	495	255	240	4.6	4.8	4.3
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	50	20	25	0.5	0.4	0.4
Chinese, n.o.s.	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	15	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	15	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	205	120	85	1.9	2.3	1.5
English and French	25	15	15	0.2	0.3	0.3
English and non-official language(s)	160	95	65	1.5	1.8	1.2
French and non-official language(s)	10	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	10,850	5,260	5,590	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	10,000	4,860	5,145	92.2	92.4	92.0
English	340	170	170	3.1	3.2	3.0
French	130	60	75	1.2	1.1	1.3
Non-official language	275	130	150	2.5	2.5	2.7
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	275	130	150	2.5	2.5	2.7
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	40	20	15	0.4	0.4	0.3
French and non-official language(s)	20	5	15	0.2	0.1	0.3
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	35	10	20	0.3	0.2	0.4
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	10,850	5,260	5,590	100.0	100.0	100.0
Official languages	10,755	5,205	5,555	99.1	99.0	99.4
English	10,750	5,205	5,555	99.1	99.0	99.4
French	1,830	855	975	16.9	16.3	17.4
Non-official languages	1,660	865	795	15.3	16.4	14.2
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	1,655	865	790	15.3	16.4	14.1
Afro-Asiatic languages	100	35	55	0.9	0.7	1.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Hausa	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	90	35	50	0.8	0.7	0.9
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	85	35	50	0.8	0.7	0.9
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	40	20	20	0.4	0.4	0.4
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	40	20	20	0.4	0.4	0.4
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	25	10	15	0.2	0.2	0.3
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	20	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.2
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	85	45	40	0.8	0.9	0.7
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	65	35	30	0.6	0.7	0.5
Tamil	40	10	20	0.4	0.2	0.4
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	630	365	270	5.8	6.9	4.8
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	100	55	50	0.9	1.0	0.9
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	100	55	50	0.9	1.0	0.9
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	25	10	15	0.2	0.2	0.3
Czech	45	25	20	0.4	0.5	0.4
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	15	15	0	0.1	0.3	0.0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	95	40	55	0.9	0.8	1.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	65	30	35	0.6	0.6	0.6
German	50	25	25	0.5	0.5	0.4
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Danish	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	280	190	90	2.6	3.6	1.6
Indo-Aryan languages	235	155	80	2.2	2.9	1.4
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	20	15	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
Gujarati	30	20	10	0.3	0.4	0.2
Hindi	120	75	50	1.1	1.4	0.9
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	80	75	10	0.7	1.4	0.2
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	30	10	15	0.3	0.2	0.3
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	20	15	10	0.2	0.3	0.2
Iranian languages	50	35	10	0.5	0.7	0.2
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	50	35	10	0.5	0.7	0.2
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	50	35	10	0.5	0.7	0.2
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	160	95	70	1.5	1.8	1.3
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	20	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.3
Portuguese	30	10	15	0.3	0.2	0.3
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	115	80	35	1.1	1.5	0.6
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	65	20	40	0.6	0.4	0.7
Korean	35	15	20	0.3	0.3	0.4
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	40	20	20	0.4	0.4	0.4
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	700	345	360	6.5	6.6	6.4
Chinese languages	700	345	360	6.5	6.6	6.4
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	675	330	345	6.2	6.3	6.2
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	25	10	15	0.2	0.2	0.3
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	50	35	15	0.5	0.7	0.3
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	20	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	15	10	10	0.1	0.2	0.2
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	10,850	5,260	5,590	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	160	75	85	1.5	1.4	1.5
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	160	75	85	1.5	1.4	1.5
First Nations (North American Indian)	105	50	55	1.0	1.0	1.0
Métis	45	15	25	0.4	0.3	0.4
Inuk (Inuit)	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous identity	10,685	5,185	5,500	98.5	98.6	98.4
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	10,850	5,260	5,590	100.0	100.0	100.0
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	50	20	30	0.5	0.4	0.5
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	10,800	5,240	5,560	99.5	99.6	99.5
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	4,295	...	...	100.0	...	...
Owner	3,050	...	...	71.0	...	...
Renter	1,245	...	...	29.0	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	4,295	...	...	100.0	...	...
Condominium	400	...	...	9.3	...	...
Not condominium	3,895	...	...	90.7	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	4,295	...	...	100.0	...	...
No bedrooms	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
1 bedroom	180	...	...	4.2	...	...
2 bedrooms	1,280	...	...	29.8	...	...
3 bedrooms	1,430	...	...	33.3	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	1,415	...	...	32.9	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	4,295	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	1,095	...	...	25.5	...	...
5 rooms	615	...	...	14.3	...	...
6 rooms	565	...	...	13.2	...	...
7 rooms	510	...	...	11.9	...	...
8 or more rooms	1,510	...	...	35.2	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.6	...	...	6.6	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	4,295	...	...	100.0	...	...
One person or fewer per room	4,245	...	...	98.8	...	...
More than one person per room	55	...	...	1.3	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	4,295	...	...	100.0	...	...
Suitable	4,190	...	...	97.6	...	...
Not suitable	110	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	4,295	...	...	100.0	...	...
1960 or before	230	...	...	5.4	...	...
1961 to 1980	940	...	...	21.9	...	...
1981 to 1990	495	...	...	11.5	...	...
1991 to 2000	565	...	...	13.2	...	...
2001 to 2005	400	...	...	9.3	...	...
2006 to 2010	560	...	...	13.0	...	...
2011 to 2015	510	...	...	11.9	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	600	...	...	14.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	4,295	...	...	100.0	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	4,160	...	...	96.9	...	...
Major repairs needed	135	...	...	3.1	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	4,295	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-maintainer household	1,970	...	...	45.9	...	...
Two-maintainer household	2,195	...	...	51.1	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	130	...	...	3.0	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	4,295	...	...	100.0	...	...
15 to 24 years	160	...	...	3.7	...	...
25 to 34 years	545	...	...	12.7	...	...
35 to 44 years	860	...	...	20.0	...	...
45 to 54 years	735	...	...	17.1	...	...
55 to 64 years	780	...	...	18.2	...	...
65 to 74 years	715	...	...	16.6	...	...
75 to 84 years	395	...	...	9.2	...	...
85 years and over	95	...	...	2.2	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	4,285	...	...	100.0	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	3,535	...	...	82.5	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	745	...	...	17.4	...	...
30% to less than 100%	635	...	...	14.8	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	4,295	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	960	...	...	22.4	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	720	...	...	16.8	...	...
Not suitable only	90	...	...	2.1	...	...
Major repairs needed only	115	...	...	2.7	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	10	...	...	0.2	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	15	...	...	0.3	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Acceptable housing	3,340	...	...	77.8	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	4,165	...	...	100.0	...	...
In core need	155	...	...	3.7	...	...
Not in core need	4,015	...	...	96.4	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	3,045	...	...	...	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	63.1	...	...	63.1	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	11.4	...	...	11.4	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	1.8	...	...	1.8	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,310	...	...	1,310	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,422	...	...	1,422	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	400,000	...	...	400,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	432,800	...	...	432,800	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	1,250	...	...	...	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	10.0	...	...	10.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	32.0	...	...	32.0	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	8.4	...	...	8.4	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,150	...	...	1,150	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,240	...	...	1,240	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	...	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	10,845	5,260	5,585	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	70	35	30	0.6	0.7	0.5
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	70	35	30	0.6	0.7	0.5
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	50	20	30	0.5	0.4	0.5
Métis single ancestry	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Inuit single ancestry	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	225	105	125	2.1	2.0	2.2
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	220	105	120	2.0	2.0	2.1
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	190	90	105	1.8	1.7	1.9
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	30	20	10	0.3	0.4	0.2
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	10,555	5,115	5,440	97.3	97.2	97.4
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	10,850	5,260	5,590	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	9,575	4,580	4,995	88.2	87.1	89.4
Canadian citizens aged under 18	2,205	1,115	1,095	20.3	21.2	19.6
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	7,370	3,470	3,900	67.9	66.0	69.8
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	1,270	680	590	11.7	12.9	10.6
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	10,850	5,260	5,590	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	9,065	4,340	4,725	83.5	82.5	84.5
Immigrants⁸¹	1,380	675	710	12.7	12.8	12.7
Before 1980	170	65	105	1.6	1.2	1.9
1980 to 1990	55	25	25	0.5	0.5	0.4
1991 to 2000	55	25	25	0.5	0.5	0.4
2001 to 2010	195	105	85	1.8	2.0	1.5
2011 to 2021⁸²	915	445	470	8.4	8.5	8.4
2011 to 2015	160	85	75	1.5	1.6	1.3
2016 to 2021	755	365	395	7.0	6.9	7.1
Non-permanent residents⁸³	400	245	150	3.7	4.7	2.7
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	1,380	670	705	100.0	100.0	100.0
Under 5 years	150	85	65	10.9	12.7	9.2
5 to 14 years	290	145	145	21.0	21.6	20.6
15 to 24 years	155	90	60	11.2	13.4	8.5
25 to 44 years	615	255	360	44.6	38.1	51.1
45 years and over	170	95	80	12.3	14.2	11.3
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	1,380	670	705	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	175	85	90	12.7	12.7	12.8
Brazil	15	0	10	1.1	0.0	1.4
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
El Salvador	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyana	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	110	60	50	8.0	9.0	7.1
Other places of birth in Americas	30	20	15	2.2	3.0	2.1
Europe	310	150	160	22.5	22.4	22.7
Bosnia and Herzegovina	25	15	10	1.8	2.2	1.4
Croatia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	10	0	0	0.7	0.0	0.0
Germany	20	15	10	1.4	2.2	1.4
Greece	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Netherlands	15	0	10	1.1	0.0	1.4
Poland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portugal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romania	10	0	10	0.7	0.0	1.4
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	130	55	70	9.4	8.2	9.9
Other places of birth in Europe	95	50	50	6.9	7.5	7.1
Africa	90	40	55	6.5	6.0	7.8
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	20	0	15	1.4	0.0	2.1
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	55	30	25	4.0	4.5	3.5
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	10	0	0	0.7	0.0	0.0
Asia	795	395	400	57.6	59.0	56.7
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	45	30	15	3.3	4.5	2.1
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	35	15	20	2.5	2.2	2.8
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	425	200	220	30.8	29.9	31.2
Hong Kong⁹¹	20	15	0	1.4	2.2	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	10	0	10	0.7	0.0	1.4
Taiwan	15	0	10	1.1	0.0	1.4
Philippines	15	0	10	1.1	0.0	1.4
Viet Nam	40	20	25	2.9	3.0	3.5
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	130	75	50	9.4	11.2	7.1
Pakistan	10	0	0	0.7	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	35	20	20	2.5	3.0	2.8
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	10	0	10	0.7	0.0	1.4
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	760	365	395	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	55	20	30	7.2	5.5	7.6
Brazil	15	0	10	2.0	0.0	2.5
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	25	15	15	3.3	4.1	3.8
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Americas	10	0	0	1.3	0.0	0.0
Europe	50	20	35	6.6	5.5	8.9
France	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	15	0	15	2.0	0.0	3.8
Other places of birth in Europe	35	15	20	4.6	4.1	5.1
Africa	60	30	30	7.9	8.2	7.6
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	50	25	30	6.6	6.8	7.6
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asia	585	290	290	77.0	79.5	73.4
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	325	160	165	42.8	43.8	41.8
Hong Kong⁹¹	10	10	0	1.3	2.7	0.0
India	110	60	50	14.5	16.4	12.7
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	10	0	10	1.3	0.0	2.5
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	35	15	20	4.6	4.1	5.1
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	40	20	20	5.3	5.5	5.1
Other places of birth in Asia	15	0	10	2.0	0.0	2.5
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	10,850	5,260	5,590	100.0	100.0	100.0
First generation¹⁰⁰	1,905	970	940	17.6	18.4	16.8
Second generation¹⁰¹	835	415	420	7.7	7.9	7.5
Third generation or more¹⁰²	8,105	3,875	4,230	74.7	73.7	75.7
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	1,215	610	605	100.0	100.0	100.0
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	990	490	495	81.5	80.3	81.8
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	375	170	205	30.9	27.9	33.9
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	610	325	290	50.2	53.3	47.9
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	155	80	70	12.8	13.1	11.6
Refugees¹⁰⁸	65	35	35	5.3	5.7	5.8
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	10	0	0	0.8	0.0	0.0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	1,215	610	605	100.0	100.0	100.0
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	140	85	55	11.5	13.9	9.1
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	40	15	20	3.3	2.5	3.3
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	130	55	75	10.7	9.0	12.4
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	890	440	450	73.3	72.1	74.4
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	10,850	5,260	5,590	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	1,565	835	735	14.4	15.9	13.1
South Asian	320	205	115	2.9	3.9	2.1
Chinese	705	350	355	6.5	6.7	6.4
Black	175	100	75	1.6	1.9	1.3
Filipino	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Arab	90	35	50	0.8	0.7	0.9
Latin American	60	35	25	0.6	0.7	0.4
Southeast Asian	45	25	20	0.4	0.5	0.4
West Asian	50	30	15	0.5	0.6	0.3
Korean	30	15	20	0.3	0.3	0.4
Japanese	45	15	35	0.4	0.3	0.6
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	15	10	10	0.1	0.2	0.2
Multiple visible minorities	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	9,285	4,425	4,860	85.6	84.1	86.9
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	10,850	5,260	5,590	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian	1,240	560	680	11.4	10.6	12.2
English	2,640	1,260	1,375	24.3	24.0	24.6
Irish	3,275	1,565	1,705	30.2	29.8	30.5
Scottish	3,955	1,845	2,105	36.5	35.1	37.7
French, n.o.s.¹²²	1,325	625	700	12.2	11.9	12.5
German	580	310	270	5.3	5.9	4.8
Chinese	595	300	295	5.5	5.7	5.3
Italian	180	75	100	1.7	1.4	1.8
Indian (India)	135	65	65	1.2	1.2	1.2
Ukrainian	95	50	45	0.9	1.0	0.8
Dutch	250	95	155	2.3	1.8	2.8
Polish	115	40	75	1.1	0.8	1.3
Québécois	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	295	125	170	2.7	2.4	3.0
Filipino	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
French Canadian	65	30	35	0.6	0.6	0.6
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	435	205	230	4.0	3.9	4.1
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	105	40	60	1.0	0.8	1.1
Métis	40	25	15	0.4	0.5	0.3
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	195	105	95	1.8	2.0	1.7
Russian	55	30	20	0.5	0.6	0.4
Norwegian	75	25	50	0.7	0.5	0.9
Welsh	225	145	80	2.1	2.8	1.4
Portuguese	35	15	15	0.3	0.3	0.3
American	65	20	40	0.6	0.4	0.7
Spanish	50	25	25	0.5	0.5	0.4
Swedish	50	25	25	0.5	0.5	0.4
Hungarian	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Acadian	545	225	310	5.0	4.3	5.5
Pakistani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	35	20	15	0.3	0.4	0.3
Jewish	40	25	15	0.4	0.5	0.3
Punjabi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	40	20	20	0.4	0.4	0.4
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	70	30	40	0.6	0.6	0.7
Greek	70	45	25	0.6	0.9	0.4
Jamaican	15	15	0	0.1	0.3	0.0
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	65	45	25	0.6	0.9	0.4
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	30	15	15	0.3	0.3	0.3
Romanian	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Lebanese	40	15	25	0.4	0.3	0.4
Iranian	50	35	15	0.5	0.7	0.3
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	60	20	40	0.6	0.4	0.7
Danish	70	30	30	0.6	0.6	0.5
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	65	30	35	0.6	0.6	0.6
Sikh	30	15	15	0.3	0.3	0.3
Austrian	30	25	10	0.3	0.5	0.2
Belgian	15	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Haitian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindu	25	25	0	0.2	0.5	0.0
Mexican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mennonite	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss	20	10	15	0.2	0.2	0.3
Finnish	25	10	20	0.2	0.2	0.4
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Japanese	60	20	40	0.6	0.4	0.7
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	25	10	15	0.2	0.2	0.3
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	45	15	30	0.4	0.3	0.5
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Muslim	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egyptian	25	0	20	0.2	0.0	0.4
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moroccan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	40	25	15	0.4	0.5	0.3
Syrian	20	15	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afghan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	25	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Newfoundlander	30	15	15	0.3	0.3	0.3
Hong Konger	30	20	10	0.3	0.4	0.2
Ontarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	15	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Bangladeshi	20	15	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
Algerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazilian	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Nigerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwanese	30	0	25	0.3	0.0	0.4
Iraqi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	50	25	20	0.5	0.5	0.4
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Algonquin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australian	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Palestinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chilean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congolese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nova Scotian	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peruvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	40	20	20	0.4	0.4	0.4
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Canadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israeli	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	35	20	15	0.3	0.4	0.3
Albertan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African American	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	35	25	0	0.3	0.5	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Laotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	30	10	25	0.3	0.2	0.4
British Columbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jatt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dominican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	20	15	10	0.2	0.3	0.2
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Abenaki	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Zealander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Breton	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gaspesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norman	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Manitoban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cape Bretoner	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Rwandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mayan	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Honduran	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cherokee	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Flemish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Goan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamileke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Libyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Basque	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igorot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guinean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Prince Edward Islander	230	120	115	2.1	2.3	2.1
Maliseet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Beninese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Roma	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tajik	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amhara	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	10,850	5,260	5,590	100.0	100.0	100.0
Buddhist	95	35	60	0.9	0.7	1.1
Christian	6,820	3,170	3,650	62.9	60.3	65.3
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	720	320	405	6.6	6.1	7.2
Anabaptist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anglican	380	190	195	3.5	3.6	3.5
Baptist	260	100	155	2.4	1.9	2.8
Catholic	3,630	1,715	1,910	33.5	32.6	34.2
Christian Orthodox	60	30	30	0.6	0.6	0.5
Jehovah's Witness	40	20	20	0.4	0.4	0.4
Latter Day Saints	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lutheran	15	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	25	20	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	75	40	35	0.7	0.8	0.6
Presbyterian	505	215	285	4.7	4.1	5.1
Reformed	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Church	710	315	390	6.5	6.0	7.0
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	410	200	210	3.8	3.8	3.8
Hindu	110	65	45	1.0	1.2	0.8
Jewish	15	10	10	0.1	0.2	0.2
Muslim	150	80	70	1.4	1.5	1.3
Sikh	80	65	10	0.7	1.2	0.2
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Other religions and spiritual traditions	70	40	25	0.6	0.8	0.4
No religion and secular perspectives	3,505	1,795	1,710	32.3	34.1	30.6
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	10,765	5,220	5,540	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	9,155	4,445	4,715	85.0	85.2	85.1
Movers	1,605	780	830	14.9	14.9	15.0
Non-migrants	740	365	375	6.9	7.0	6.8
Migrants	865	415	450	8.0	8.0	8.1
Internal migrants	720	355	365	6.7	6.8	6.6
Intraprovincial migrants	390	185	210	3.6	3.5	3.8
Interprovincial migrants	330	175	155	3.1	3.4	2.8
External migrants	145	60	85	1.3	1.1	1.5
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	10,270	4,965	5,310	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	5,745	2,755	2,990	55.9	55.5	56.3
Movers	4,525	2,210	2,315	44.1	44.5	43.6
Non-migrants	1,060	525	540	10.3	10.6	10.2
Migrants	3,460	1,685	1,775	33.7	33.9	33.4
Internal migrants	2,520	1,175	1,340	24.5	23.7	25.2
Intraprovincial migrants	1,595	715	880	15.5	14.4	16.6
Interprovincial migrants	920	455	465	9.0	9.2	8.8
External migrants	945	505	440	9.2	10.2	8.3
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	8,735	4,175	4,560	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	865	490	370	9.9	11.7	8.1
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	7,875	3,680	4,195	90.2	88.1	92.0
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	5,500	2,610	2,885	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	185	105	80	3.4	4.0	2.8
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	5,315	2,505	2,810	96.6	96.0	97.4
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	8,735	4,175	4,565	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	790	440	350	9.0	10.5	7.7
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	1,785	890	890	20.4	21.3	19.5
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	6,165	2,840	3,320	70.6	68.0	72.7
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	2,845	1,265	1,580	32.6	30.3	34.6
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	415	315	110	4.8	7.5	2.4
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	200	140	60	2.3	3.4	1.3
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	215	170	45	2.5	4.1	1.0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	2,145	875	1,270	24.6	21.0	27.8
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	285	80	205	3.3	1.9	4.5
Bachelor's degree or higher	3,315	1,575	1,740	38.0	37.7	38.1
Bachelor's degree	2,095	1,005	1,085	24.0	24.1	23.8
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	185	90	90	2.1	2.2	2.0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	140	60	85	1.6	1.4	1.9
Master's degree	820	370	450	9.4	8.9	9.9
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	75	45	30	0.9	1.1	0.7
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	5,500	2,610	2,890	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	155	80	75	2.8	3.1	2.6
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	800	440	355	14.5	16.9	12.3
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	4,540	2,085	2,455	82.5	79.9	84.9
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,875	865	1,010	34.1	33.1	34.9
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	240	180	60	4.4	6.9	2.1
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	100	75	25	1.8	2.9	0.9
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	140	105	35	2.5	4.0	1.2
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	1,480	625	850	26.9	23.9	29.4
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	165	60	100	3.0	2.3	3.5
Bachelor's degree or higher	2,670	1,220	1,445	48.5	46.7	50.0
Bachelor's degree	1,670	770	895	30.4	29.5	31.0
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	125	65	60	2.3	2.5	2.1
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	120	55	70	2.2	2.1	2.4
Master's degree	695	295	400	12.6	11.3	13.8
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	60	40	25	1.1	1.5	0.9
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	8,740	4,175	4,565	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	2,575	1,335	1,240	29.5	32.0	27.2
Education	515	160	350	5.9	3.8	7.7
13. Education	515	160	350	5.9	3.8	7.7
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	140	70	70	1.6	1.7	1.5
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	15	10	0	0.2	0.2	0.0
50. Visual and performing arts	125	60	65	1.4	1.4	1.4
Humanities	290	150	135	3.3	3.6	3.0
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	15	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.2
23. English language and literature/letters	30	20	15	0.3	0.5	0.3
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	65	25	45	0.7	0.6	1.0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	35	25	10	0.4	0.6	0.2
39. Theology and religious vocations	35	15	30	0.4	0.4	0.7
54. History	95	65	30	1.1	1.6	0.7
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	725	255	470	8.3	6.1	10.3
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	60	25	30	0.7	0.6	0.7
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	150	10	140	1.7	0.2	3.1
22. Legal professions and studies	120	45	75	1.4	1.1	1.6
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	15	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
42. Psychology	150	50	100	1.7	1.2	2.2
45. Social sciences	235	110	125	2.7	2.6	2.7
Business, management and public administration	1,675	730	950	19.2	17.5	20.8
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	135	20	110	1.5	0.5	2.4
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	1,540	710	830	17.6	17.0	18.2
Physical and life sciences and technologies	235	115	125	2.7	2.8	2.7
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	105	35	70	1.2	0.8	1.5
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	70	40	35	0.8	1.0	0.8
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
40. Physical sciences	50	35	10	0.6	0.8	0.2
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	305	215	95	3.5	5.1	2.1
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	280	200	80	3.2	4.8	1.8
25. Library science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
27. Mathematics and statistics	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	785	725	65	9.0	17.4	1.4
04. Architecture and related services	20	15	10	0.2	0.4	0.2
14. Engineering	245	215	30	2.8	5.1	0.7
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	125	115	15	1.4	2.8	0.3
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	180	180	0	2.1	4.3	0.0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	130	130	0	1.5	3.1	0.0
48. Precision production	80	70	15	0.9	1.7	0.3
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	200	105	95	2.3	2.5	2.1
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	140	70	75	1.6	1.7	1.6
03. Natural resources and conservation	60	40	15	0.7	1.0	0.3
Health and related fields	1,005	170	835	11.5	4.1	18.3
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	85	45	40	1.0	1.1	0.9
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	885	115	770	10.1	2.8	16.9
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	30	10	20	0.3	0.2	0.4
Personal, protective and transportation services	280	145	140	3.2	3.5	3.1
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	160	40	125	1.8	1.0	2.7
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	65	55	10	0.7	1.3	0.2
49. Transportation and materials moving	50	45	0	0.6	1.1	0.0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	5,500	2,615	2,890	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	955	525	430	17.4	20.1	14.9
Education	345	110	235	6.3	4.2	8.1
13. Education	345	110	235	6.3	4.2	8.1
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	125	60	60	2.3	2.3	2.1
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	10	10	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
50. Visual and performing arts	110	50	55	2.0	1.9	1.9
Humanities	195	110	85	3.5	4.2	2.9
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	15	0	10	0.3	0.0	0.3
23. English language and literature/letters	25	20	10	0.5	0.8	0.3
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	35	10	25	0.6	0.4	0.9
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	25	20	0	0.5	0.8	0.0
39. Theology and religious vocations	20	10	10	0.4	0.4	0.3
54. History	70	50	20	1.3	1.9	0.7
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	575	190	385	10.5	7.3	13.3
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	45	10	30	0.8	0.4	1.0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	105	0	105	1.9	0.0	3.6
22. Legal professions and studies	110	40	65	2.0	1.5	2.2
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	10	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.3
42. Psychology	115	35	75	2.1	1.3	2.6
45. Social sciences	190	90	100	3.5	3.4	3.5
Business, management and public administration	1,225	520	700	22.3	19.9	24.2
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	100	20	85	1.8	0.8	2.9
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	1,125	505	615	20.5	19.3	21.3
Physical and life sciences and technologies	170	80	95	3.1	3.1	3.3
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	85	35	55	1.5	1.3	1.9
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	55	30	20	1.0	1.1	0.7
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
40. Physical sciences	30	20	10	0.5	0.8	0.3
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	265	180	85	4.8	6.9	2.9
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	250	170	80	4.5	6.5	2.8
25. Library science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
27. Mathematics and statistics	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	560	510	55	10.2	19.5	1.9
04. Architecture and related services	10	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.3
14. Engineering	190	170	25	3.5	6.5	0.9
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	95	90	0	1.7	3.4	0.0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	120	120	0	2.2	4.6	0.0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	85	85	0	1.5	3.3	0.0
48. Precision production	50	45	10	0.9	1.7	0.3
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	155	75	80	2.8	2.9	2.8
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	105	40	60	1.9	1.5	2.1
03. Natural resources and conservation	50	30	15	0.9	1.1	0.5
Health and related fields	740	155	580	13.5	5.9	20.1
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	70	40	30	1.3	1.5	1.0
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	645	105	540	11.7	4.0	18.7
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	15	0	15	0.3	0.0	0.5
Personal, protective and transportation services	180	95	90	3.3	3.6	3.1
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	95	25	80	1.7	1.0	2.8
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	50	40	0	0.9	1.5	0.0
49. Transportation and materials moving	35	30	0	0.6	1.1	0.0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	5,500	2,615	2,890	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	955	525	430	17.4	20.1	14.9
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	4,545	2,090	2,455	82.6	79.9	84.9
Location of study inside Canada	3,775	1,725	2,045	68.6	66.0	70.8
Same as province or territory of residence	2,095	1,000	1,105	38.1	38.2	38.2
Different than province or territory of residence	1,675	725	945	30.5	27.7	32.7
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	770	360	410	14.0	13.8	14.2
Americas	120	60	60	2.2	2.3	2.1
United States of America	80	45	35	1.5	1.7	1.2
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazil	15	0	10	0.3	0.0	0.3
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Americas	15	10	0	0.3	0.4	0.0
Europe	120	65	50	2.2	2.5	1.7
Belgium	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Switzerland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	60	40	15	1.1	1.5	0.5
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Europe	45	15	25	0.8	0.6	0.9
Africa	30	15	10	0.5	0.6	0.3
Nigeria	20	15	15	0.4	0.6	0.5
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asia	490	225	265	8.9	8.6	9.2
Iran⁸⁸	10	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.3
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	260	120	140	4.7	4.6	4.8
Taiwan	15	10	15	0.3	0.4	0.5
Hong Kong⁹¹	20	15	10	0.4	0.6	0.3
Japan	15	0	10	0.3	0.0	0.3
Korea, South⁹²	15	10	10	0.3	0.4	0.3
Philippines	15	0	10	0.3	0.0	0.3
Viet Nam	15	0	10	0.3	0.0	0.3
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	90	45	45	1.6	1.7	1.6
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Asia	15	0	0	0.3	0.0	0.0
Oceania	15	0	15	0.3	0.0	0.5
Australia	15	0	15	0.3	0.0	0.5
New Zealand	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	8,735	4,175	4,565	...	...	...
In the labour force	5,915	3,020	2,895	...	...	...
Employed	5,440	2,740	2,700	...	...	...
Unemployed	475	280	195	...	...	...
Not in the labour force	2,820	1,155	1,670	...	...	...
Participation rate	67.7	72.3	63.4	67.7	72.3	63.4
Employment rate	62.3	65.6	59.1	62.3	65.6	59.1
Unemployment rate	8.0	9.3	6.7	8.0	9.3	6.7
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	8,740	4,175	4,565	100.0	100.0	100.0
Did not work¹⁸⁶	2,835	1,210	1,625	32.4	29.0	35.6
Worked	5,905	2,965	2,940	67.6	71.0	64.4
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	3,430	1,760	1,670	39.2	42.2	36.6
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	2,475	1,200	1,270	28.3	28.7	27.8
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.5	42.8	42.2	42.5	42.8	42.2
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	5,915	3,025	2,890	100.0	100.0	100.0
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	110	70	35	1.9	2.3	1.2
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	5,805	2,950	2,855	98.1	97.5	98.8
Employee	5,100	2,505	2,590	86.2	82.8	89.6
Permanent position	3,820	1,900	1,920	64.6	62.8	66.4
Temporary position	1,280	610	670	21.6	20.2	23.2
Fixed term (1 year or more)	395	180	215	6.7	6.0	7.4
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	885	425	460	15.0	14.0	15.9
Self-employed¹⁹²	710	445	265	12.0	14.7	9.2
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	5,915	3,025	2,890	100.0	100.0	100.0
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	110	70	35	1.9	2.3	1.2
All occupations¹⁹¹	5,805	2,950	2,855	98.1	97.5	98.8
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	110	55	50	1.9	1.8	1.7
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	1,060	365	695	17.9	12.1	24.0
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	500	370	125	8.5	12.2	4.3
3 Health occupations	645	145	500	10.9	4.8	17.3
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	1,045	350	695	17.7	11.6	24.0
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	180	95	80	3.0	3.1	2.8
6 Sales and service occupations	1,320	710	615	22.3	23.5	21.3
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	665	625	45	11.2	20.7	1.6
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	150	115	35	2.5	3.8	1.2
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	130	110	20	2.2	3.6	0.7
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	5,915	3,025	2,890	100.0	100.0	100.0
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	110	70	35	1.9	2.3	1.2
All industries¹⁹¹	5,805	2,950	2,855	98.1	97.5	98.8
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	135	105	30	2.3	3.5	1.0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	20	20	0	0.3	0.7	0.0
22 Utilities	30	15	15	0.5	0.5	0.5
23 Construction	325	290	35	5.5	9.6	1.2
31-33 Manufacturing	285	210	70	4.8	6.9	2.4
41 Wholesale trade	75	55	25	1.3	1.8	0.9
44-45 Retail trade	705	380	325	11.9	12.6	11.2
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	170	140	30	2.9	4.6	1.0
51 Information and cultural industries	70	30	30	1.2	1.0	1.0
52 Finance and insurance	190	110	85	3.2	3.6	2.9
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	60	20	30	1.0	0.7	1.0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	510	320	190	8.6	10.6	6.6
55 Management of companies and enterprises	15	10	0	0.3	0.3	0.0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	210	140	65	3.6	4.6	2.2
61 Educational services	565	205	360	9.6	6.8	12.5
62 Health care and social assistance	945	195	750	16.0	6.4	26.0
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	120	65	50	2.0	2.1	1.7
72 Accommodation and food services	330	175	150	5.6	5.8	5.2
81 Other services (except public administration)	230	85	145	3.9	2.8	5.0
91 Public administration	835	375	455	14.1	12.4	15.7
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	6,320	3,190	3,135	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	5,890	2,985	2,905	93.2	93.6	92.7
French	30	25	10	0.5	0.8	0.3
Non-official language	25	15	15	0.4	0.5	0.5
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	25	15	15	0.4	0.5	0.5
English and French	180	65	120	2.8	2.0	3.8
English and non-official language(s)	185	100	85	2.9	3.1	2.7
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	6,320	3,190	3,135	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	6,250	3,145	3,105	98.9	98.6	99.0
Official languages	6,190	3,120	3,065	97.9	97.8	97.8
English	6,130	3,100	3,030	97.0	97.2	96.7
French	60	25	35	0.9	0.8	1.1
Non-official languages	60	20	40	0.9	0.6	1.3
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	60	20	40	0.9	0.6	1.3
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	55	20	35	0.9	0.6	1.1
Chinese languages	55	20	35	0.9	0.6	1.1
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	55	20	30	0.9	0.6	1.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	70	40	30	1.1	1.3	1.0
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	65	40	25	1.0	1.3	0.8
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	6,320	3,190	3,135	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	6,020	3,065	2,955	95.3	96.1	94.3
English	60	10	50	0.9	0.3	1.6
French	150	55	90	2.4	1.7	2.9
Non-official language	80	45	35	1.3	1.4	1.1
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	80	45	35	1.3	1.4	1.1
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	10	10	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	5,440	2,740	2,700	100.0	100.0	100.0
Worked at home	1,030	505	525	18.9	18.4	19.4
Worked outside Canada	25	25	0	0.5	0.9	0.0
No fixed workplace address	550	410	135	10.1	15.0	5.0
Usual place of work	3,835	1,800	2,035	70.5	65.7	75.4
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	3,830	1,800	2,035	100.0	100.0	100.0
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	620	295	325	16.2	16.4	16.0
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	2,815	1,270	1,545	73.5	70.6	75.9
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	250	160	90	6.5	8.9	4.4
Commute to a different province or territory	145	75	75	3.8	4.2	3.7
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	4,385	2,210	2,175	100.0	100.0	100.0
Car, truck or van	4,200	2,130	2,070	95.8	96.4	95.2
Car, truck or van - as a driver	3,915	2,005	1,910	89.3	90.7	87.8
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	285	125	155	6.5	5.7	7.1
Public transit	45	15	30	1.0	0.7	1.4
Walked	50	10	45	1.1	0.5	2.1
Bicycle	15	15	0	0.3	0.7	0.0
Other method	70	40	30	1.6	1.8	1.4
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	4,385	2,210	2,175	100.0	100.0	100.0
Less than 15 minutes	1,940	900	1,035	44.2	40.7	47.6
15 to 29 minutes	1,810	895	920	41.3	40.5	42.3
30 to 44 minutes	390	235	155	8.9	10.6	7.1
45 to 59 minutes	110	65	40	2.5	2.9	1.8
60 minutes and over	130	110	25	3.0	5.0	1.1
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	4,385	2,210	2,175	100.0	100.0	100.0
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	105	85	25	2.4	3.8	1.1
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	540	315	225	12.3	14.3	10.3
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	1,630	790	835	37.2	35.7	38.4
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	1,135	510	620	25.9	23.1	28.5
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	460	210	255	10.5	9.5	11.7
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	505	290	220	11.5	13.1	10.1
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	2,525	1,300	1,225	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	195	105	90	7.7	8.1	7.3
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	2,330	1,200	1,135	92.3	92.3	92.7
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	1,905	980	925	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	155	80	75	8.1	8.2	8.1
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	100	55	50	5.2	5.6	5.4
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	45	25	25	2.4	2.6	2.7
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	1,750	900	850	91.9	91.8	91.9

Symbol legend

...
not applicable
^r
revised

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 30, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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