Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	Fraser-Fort George, Regional district (RD)More information: British Columbia [Census division] Remove						CanadaMore information: [Country] Remove
	Counts			Rates			Counts			Rates
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	96,979	...	...	...	...	...	36,991,981	...	...	...	...	...
Population, 2016¹	94,506	...	...	...	...	...	35,151,728	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...	5.2	...	...	5.2	...	...
Total private dwellings²	43,377	...	...	...	...	...	16,284,235	...	...	...	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	40,224	...	...	...	...	...	14,978,941	...	...	...	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	1.9	...	...	1.9	...	...	4.2	...	...	4.2	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	50,580.72	...	...	...	...	...	8,788,702.80	...	...	...	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	96,980	48,705	48,270	100.0	100.0	100.0	36,991,980	18,226,240	18,765,740	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	16,305	8,380	7,925	16.8	17.2	16.4	6,012,795	3,086,510	2,926,285	16.3	16.9	15.6
0 to 4 years	4,800	2,425	2,380	4.9	5.0	4.9	1,831,195	938,790	892,405	5.0	5.2	4.8
5 to 9 years	5,575	2,880	2,685	5.7	5.9	5.6	2,054,900	1,054,240	1,000,655	5.6	5.8	5.3
10 to 14 years	5,930	3,075	2,855	6.1	6.3	5.9	2,126,705	1,093,480	1,033,225	5.7	6.0	5.5
15 to 64 years	64,475	32,510	31,960	66.5	66.7	66.2	23,957,760	11,915,050	12,042,710	64.8	65.4	64.2
15 to 19 years	5,555	2,920	2,640	5.7	6.0	5.5	2,012,975	1,036,730	976,240	5.4	5.7	5.2
20 to 24 years	6,125	3,150	2,975	6.3	6.5	6.2	2,202,255	1,138,825	1,063,430	6.0	6.2	5.7
25 to 29 years	6,905	3,505	3,400	7.1	7.2	7.0	2,421,510	1,228,135	1,193,370	6.5	6.7	6.4
30 to 34 years	6,820	3,470	3,355	7.0	7.1	7.0	2,518,835	1,252,795	1,266,040	6.8	6.9	6.7
35 to 39 years	6,765	3,385	3,385	7.0	7.0	7.0	2,511,345	1,238,515	1,272,835	6.8	6.8	6.8
40 to 44 years	5,980	2,975	3,000	6.2	6.1	6.2	2,399,405	1,175,875	1,223,530	6.5	6.5	6.5
45 to 49 years	6,070	3,015	3,050	6.3	6.2	6.3	2,304,170	1,129,185	1,174,985	6.2	6.2	6.3
50 to 54 years	6,380	3,155	3,225	6.6	6.5	6.7	2,368,350	1,161,665	1,206,685	6.4	6.4	6.4
55 to 59 years	6,985	3,475	3,515	7.2	7.1	7.3	2,647,330	1,299,975	1,347,350	7.2	7.1	7.2
60 to 64 years	6,900	3,465	3,430	7.1	7.1	7.1	2,571,580	1,253,335	1,318,245	7.0	6.9	7.0
65 years and over	16,205	7,815	8,385	16.7	16.0	17.4	7,021,430	3,224,680	3,796,750	19.0	17.7	20.2
65 to 69 years	5,710	2,825	2,885	5.9	5.8	6.0	2,210,970	1,065,305	1,145,665	6.0	5.8	6.1
70 to 74 years	4,450	2,185	2,265	4.6	4.5	4.7	1,847,585	879,850	967,735	5.0	4.8	5.2
75 to 79 years	2,970	1,465	1,505	3.1	3.0	3.1	1,260,930	589,090	671,845	3.4	3.2	3.6
80 to 84 years	1,725	805	920	1.8	1.7	1.9	840,545	370,905	469,645	2.3	2.0	2.5
85 years and over	1,350	540	810	1.4	1.1	1.7	861,395	319,540	541,860	2.3	1.8	2.9
85 to 89 years	915	385	530	0.9	0.8	1.1	525,445	212,735	312,705	1.4	1.2	1.7
90 to 94 years	350	140	205	0.4	0.3	0.4	258,035	87,300	170,735	0.7	0.5	0.9
95 to 99 years	85	20	70	0.1	0.0	0.1	68,380	17,670	50,715	0.2	0.1	0.3
100 years and over	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	9,535	1,830	7,710	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	16.8	17.2	16.4	16.8	17.2	16.4	16.3	16.9	15.6	16.3	16.9	15.6
15 to 64 years	66.5	66.7	66.2	66.5	66.7	66.2	64.8	65.4	64.2	64.8	65.4	64.2
65 years and over	16.7	16.0	17.4	16.7	16.0	17.4	19.0	17.7	20.2	19.0	17.7	20.2
85 years and over	1.4	1.1	1.7	1.4	1.1	1.7	2.3	1.8	2.9	2.3	1.8	2.9
Average age of the population	40.6	40.1	41.1	40.6	40.1	41.1	41.9	41.0	42.8	41.9	41.0	42.8
Median age of the population	40.0	39.2	40.8	40.0	39.2	40.8	41.6	40.4	42.8	41.6	40.4	42.8
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	40,220	...	...	100.0	...	...	14,978,940	...	...	100.0	...	...
Single-detached house	25,435	...	...	63.2	...	...	7,872,310	...	...	52.6	...	...
Semi-detached house	1,375	...	...	3.4	...	...	746,560	...	...	5.0	...	...
Row house	2,010	...	...	5.0	...	...	980,110	...	...	6.5	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	2,530	...	...	6.3	...	...	821,490	...	...	5.5	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	4,910	...	...	12.2	...	...	2,738,020	...	...	18.3	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	575	...	...	1.4	...	...	1,596,155	...	...	10.7	...	...
Other single-attached house	45	...	...	0.1	...	...	34,880	...	...	0.2	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	3,340	...	...	8.3	...	...	189,420	...	...	1.3	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	40,225	...	...	100.0	...	...	14,978,940	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 person	11,540	...	...	28.7	...	...	4,396,015	...	...	29.3	...	...
2 persons	14,705	...	...	36.6	...	...	5,124,800	...	...	34.2	...	...
3 persons	5,975	...	...	14.9	...	...	2,194,825	...	...	14.7	...	...
4 persons	5,100	...	...	12.7	...	...	2,002,455	...	...	13.4	...	...
5 or more persons	2,900	...	...	7.2	...	...	1,260,850	...	...	8.4	...	...
Number of persons in private households	95,295	47,720	47,575	100.0	100.0	100.0	36,328,475	17,937,230	18,391,245	100.0	100.0	100.0
Average household size	2.4	...	...	2.4	...	...	2.4	...	...	2.4	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	80,675	40,325	40,345	100.0	100.0	100.0	30,979,185	15,139,730	15,839,460	100.0	100.0	100.0
Married or living common-law	45,495	22,720	22,775	56.4	56.3	56.5	17,626,005	8,813,405	8,812,595	56.9	58.2	55.6
Married	34,900	17,430	17,470	43.3	43.2	43.3	13,725,625	6,859,755	6,865,875	44.3	45.3	43.3
Living common-law	10,590	5,285	5,310	13.1	13.1	13.2	3,900,375	1,953,650	1,946,725	12.6	12.9	12.3
Living common law - Never married	7,930	3,970	3,960	9.8	9.8	9.8	2,967,665	1,485,985	1,481,685	9.6	9.8	9.4
Living common law - Separated	605	315	285	0.7	0.8	0.7	123,830	65,045	58,785	0.4	0.4	0.4
Living common law - Divorced	1,835	915	915	2.3	2.3	2.3	721,715	365,760	355,950	2.3	2.4	2.2
Living common law - Widowed	225	80	145	0.3	0.2	0.4	87,165	36,860	50,300	0.3	0.2	0.3
Not married and not living common-law	35,180	17,610	17,570	43.6	43.7	43.5	13,353,180	6,326,325	7,026,860	43.1	41.8	44.4
Not married and not living common law - Never married	23,305	13,165	10,145	28.9	32.6	25.1	9,025,865	4,881,410	4,144,455	29.1	32.2	26.2
Not married and not living common law - Separated	2,665	1,200	1,465	3.3	3.0	3.6	741,135	319,045	422,090	2.4	2.1	2.7
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	5,055	2,270	2,790	6.3	5.6	6.9	1,921,880	760,425	1,161,460	6.2	5.0	7.3
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	4,160	985	3,170	5.2	2.4	7.9	1,664,295	365,440	1,298,855	5.4	2.4	8.2
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	27,080	...	...	100.0	...	...	10,262,925	...	...	100.0	...	...
2 persons	15,080	...	...	55.7	...	...	5,306,105	...	...	51.7	...	...
3 persons	5,385	...	...	19.9	...	...	2,147,825	...	...	20.9	...	...
4 persons	4,695	...	...	17.3	...	...	1,953,035	...	...	19.0	...	...
5 or more persons	1,920	...	...	7.1	...	...	855,960	...	...	8.3	...	...
Average size of census families	2.8	...	...	2.8	...	...	2.9	...	...	2.9	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.7	...	...	1.7	...	...	1.8	...	...	1.8	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	27,075	...	...	100.0	...	...	10,262,925	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total couple families	22,305	...	...	82.4	...	...	8,576,585	...	...	83.6	...	...
Married couples	17,005	...	...	62.8	...	...	6,627,310	...	...	64.6	...	...
With children⁶	8,070	...	...	29.8	...	...	3,481,775	...	...	33.9	...	...
Without children	8,945	...	...	33.0	...	...	3,145,535	...	...	30.6	...	...
Common-law couples	5,295	...	...	19.6	...	...	1,949,275	...	...	19.0	...	...
With children⁶	2,065	...	...	7.6	...	...	808,645	...	...	7.9	...	...
Without children	3,230	...	...	11.9	...	...	1,140,630	...	...	11.1	...	...
Total one-parent families	4,770	...	...	17.6	...	...	1,686,340	...	...	16.4	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	3,585	...	...	13.2	...	...	1,302,670	...	...	12.7	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	1,190	...	...	4.4	...	...	383,670	...	...	3.7	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	95,300	47,720	47,580	100.0	100.0	100.0	36,328,475	17,937,230	18,391,245	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total - Persons in census families	75,400	37,360	38,040	79.1	78.3	79.9	29,478,475	14,616,850	14,861,625	81.1	81.5	80.8
Married spouses or common-law partners	44,610	22,260	22,355	46.8	46.6	47.0	17,153,165	8,577,610	8,575,560	47.2	47.8	46.6
Parents in one-parent families	4,775	1,190	3,585	5.0	2.5	7.5	1,686,340	383,675	1,302,670	4.6	2.1	7.1
Children⁶	26,015	13,915	12,100	27.3	29.2	25.4	10,638,965	5,655,570	4,983,400	29.3	31.5	27.1
In a two-parent family	18,685	9,920	8,760	19.6	20.8	18.4	8,024,590	4,238,785	3,785,805	22.1	23.6	20.6
In a one-parent family	7,335	3,995	3,340	7.7	8.4	7.0	2,614,375	1,416,785	1,197,595	7.2	7.9	6.5
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	19,900	10,355	9,545	20.9	21.7	20.1	6,850,005	3,320,385	3,529,620	18.9	18.5	19.2
Living alone	11,540	5,890	5,650	12.1	12.3	11.9	4,396,015	2,048,495	2,347,520	12.1	11.4	12.8
Living with other relatives⁷	2,570	1,220	1,345	2.7	2.6	2.8	927,345	393,085	534,260	2.6	2.2	2.9
Living with non-relatives only	5,790	3,245	2,545	6.1	6.8	5.3	1,526,645	878,800	647,840	4.2	4.9	3.5
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	40,225	...	...	100.0	...	...	14,978,945	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	23,455	...	...	58.3	...	...	8,932,695	...	...	59.6	...	...
Couple-family households	19,865	...	...	49.4	...	...	7,627,195	...	...	50.9	...	...
With children⁶	9,045	...	...	22.5	...	...	3,789,795	...	...	25.3	...	...
Without children	10,825	...	...	26.9	...	...	3,837,400	...	...	25.6	...	...
One-parent-family households	3,585	...	...	8.9	...	...	1,305,500	...	...	8.7	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	890	...	...	2.2	...	...	441,745	...	...	2.9	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	275	...	...	0.7	...	...	94,235	...	...	0.6	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	1,745	...	...	4.3	...	...	450,415	...	...	3.0	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	2,315	...	...	5.8	...	...	663,835	...	...	4.4	...	...
One-person households	11,540	...	...	28.7	...	...	4,396,015	...	...	29.3	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	79,085	39,400	39,675	100.0	100.0	100.0	30,336,135	14,861,555	15,474,575	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	76,615	38,225	38,390	96.9	97.0	96.8	29,241,810	14,316,155	14,925,660	96.4	96.3	96.5
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	45,200	55,200	38,000	45,200	55,200	38,000	41,200	46,400	36,800	41,200	46,400	36,800
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	76,655	38,240	38,410	96.9	97.1	96.8	29,256,180	14,323,750	14,932,425	96.4	96.4	96.5
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	40,800	48,800	35,200	40,800	48,800	35,200	36,800	40,800	33,600	36,800	40,800	33,600
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	68,205	34,905	33,305	86.2	88.6	83.9	26,045,500	13,010,250	13,035,250	85.9	87.5	84.2
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	40,400	52,400	31,200	40,400	52,400	31,200	35,200	42,400	29,200	35,200	42,400	29,200
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	56,945	29,670	27,270	72.0	75.3	68.7	21,127,615	10,906,485	10,221,130	69.6	73.4	66.1
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	44,400	57,200	34,400	44,400	57,200	34,400	37,200	43,200	32,000	37,200	43,200	32,000
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	62,655	29,200	33,455	79.2	74.1	84.3	25,401,740	12,065,555	13,336,180	83.7	81.2	86.2
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	9,600	9,100	10,200	9,600	9,100	10,200	9,800	8,500	11,000	9,800	8,500	11,000
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	8,960	4,555	4,400	11.3	11.6	11.1	3,185,840	1,548,250	1,637,590	10.5	10.4	10.6
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,560	5,480	5,680	5,560	5,480	5,680	5,720	5,760	5,720	5,720	5,760	5,720
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	19,055	9,315	9,740	24.1	23.6	24.5	8,373,550	4,140,705	4,232,845	27.6	27.9	27.4
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,500	7,000	8,000	7,500	7,000	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	79,050	39,400	39,650	100.0	100.0	100.0	30,335,920	14,861,245	15,474,670	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	76,550	38,240	38,315	96.8	97.1	96.6	29,242,935	14,316,595	14,926,335	96.4	96.3	96.5
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	55,400	66,100	44,800	55,400	66,100	44,800	54,450	62,650	46,560	54,450	62,650	46,560
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	76,585	38,250	38,335	96.9	97.1	96.7	29,257,325	14,324,165	14,933,160	96.4	96.4	96.5
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	47,080	54,850	39,320	47,080	54,850	39,320	44,920	50,320	39,680	44,920	50,320	39,680
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	68,255	35,165	33,085	86.3	89.3	83.4	26,047,020	13,011,765	13,035,250	85.9	87.6	84.2
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	51,750	62,800	40,040	51,750	62,800	40,040	50,240	59,500	41,000	50,240	59,500	41,000
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	56,960	30,040	26,920	72.1	76.2	67.9	21,127,690	10,908,965	10,218,725	69.6	73.4	66.0
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	52,550	62,800	41,120	52,550	62,800	41,120	50,280	58,050	42,000	50,280	58,050	42,000
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	62,790	29,375	33,415	79.4	74.6	84.3	25,397,565	12,061,765	13,335,800	83.7	81.2	86.2
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	11,310	10,820	11,730	11,310	10,820	11,730	11,170	10,180	12,060	11,170	10,180	12,060
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	9,035	4,640	4,395	11.4	11.8	11.1	3,179,395	1,544,580	1,634,815	10.5	10.4	10.6
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,870	6,500	7,260	6,870	6,500	7,260	7,050	6,710	7,370	7,050	6,710	7,370
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	19,085	9,400	9,685	24.1	23.9	24.4	8,346,145	4,128,810	4,217,340	27.5	27.8	27.3
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,170	7,780	8,550	8,170	7,780	8,550	8,920	8,740	9,100	8,920	8,740	9,100
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	79,050	39,400	39,645	100.0	100.0	100.0	30,335,920	14,861,250	15,474,670	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	27,010	15,585	11,425	34.2	39.6	28.8	9,912,810	5,493,720	4,419,090	32.7	37.0	28.6
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	68,500	78,500	58,000	68,500	78,500	58,000	63,600	69,000	58,000	63,600	69,000	58,000
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	75,300	84,300	63,000	75,300	84,300	63,000	77,200	85,400	67,000	77,200	85,400	67,000
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	22,285	10,520	11,765	28.2	26.7	29.7	8,426,645	3,988,060	4,438,585	27.8	26.8	28.7
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	23,600	30,200	19,800	23,600	30,200	19,800	18,400	21,000	16,600	18,400	21,000	16,600
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	35,040	44,480	26,560	35,040	44,480	26,560	29,160	33,960	24,860	29,160	33,960	24,860
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	83.2	87.4	77.2	83.2	87.4	77.2	82.2	86.4	76.8	82.2	86.4	76.8
Employment income (%)¹⁹	70.6	74.6	64.4	70.6	74.6	64.4	66.8	70.6	61.7	66.8	70.6	61.7
Government transfers (%)²⁰	16.7	12.6	22.8	16.7	12.6	22.8	17.8	13.7	23.1	17.8	13.7	23.1
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.5	1.2	1.9	1.5	1.2	1.9	1.4	1.2	1.7	1.4	1.2	1.7
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	4.7	3.6	6.3	4.7	3.6	6.3	5.4	4.5	6.6	5.4	4.5	6.6
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	3.7	2.9	4.8	3.7	2.9	4.8	4.7	4.0	5.5	4.7	4.0	5.5
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	79,080	39,405	39,680	100.0	100.0	100.0	30,336,130	14,861,555	15,474,580	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without total income	2,465	1,175	1,290	3.1	3.0	3.3	1,094,320	545,400	548,915	3.6	3.7	3.5
With total income	76,615	38,230	38,390	96.9	97.0	96.7	29,241,815	14,316,150	14,925,660	96.4	96.3	96.5
Under $10,000 (including loss)	6,195	2,475	3,720	8.1	6.5	9.7	2,434,730	1,058,420	1,376,310	8.3	7.4	9.2
$10,000 to $19,999	7,975	3,075	4,895	10.4	8.0	12.8	3,448,185	1,445,240	2,002,945	11.8	10.1	13.4
$20,000 to $29,999	10,430	4,265	6,170	13.6	11.2	16.1	4,635,650	2,018,080	2,617,570	15.9	14.1	17.5
$30,000 to $39,999	9,375	3,930	5,450	12.2	10.3	14.2	3,723,680	1,648,300	2,075,375	12.7	11.5	13.9
$40,000 to $49,999	8,420	3,610	4,805	11.0	9.4	12.5	3,290,715	1,529,960	1,760,755	11.3	10.7	11.8
$50,000 to $59,999	7,255	3,305	3,950	9.5	8.6	10.3	2,677,465	1,302,135	1,375,330	9.2	9.1	9.2
$60,000 to $69,999	5,795	3,020	2,775	7.6	7.9	7.2	2,073,335	1,086,545	986,795	7.1	7.6	6.6
$70,000 to $79,999	4,810	2,825	1,985	6.3	7.4	5.2	1,592,465	887,985	704,480	5.4	6.2	4.7
$80,000 to $89,999	3,775	2,460	1,320	4.9	6.4	3.4	1,239,395	708,430	530,965	4.2	4.9	3.6
$90,000 to $99,999	3,225	2,215	1,010	4.2	5.8	2.6	965,950	553,435	412,510	3.3	3.9	2.8
$100,000 and over	9,365	7,055	2,310	12.2	18.5	6.0	3,160,245	2,077,620	1,082,625	10.8	14.5	7.3
$100,000 to $149,999	7,010	5,185	1,825	9.1	13.6	4.8	2,102,630	1,319,110	783,520	7.2	9.2	5.2
$150,000 and over	2,355	1,865	485	3.1	4.9	1.3	1,057,615	758,510	299,105	3.6	5.3	2.0
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	79,080	39,405	39,680	100.0	100.0	100.0	30,336,130	14,861,555	15,474,580	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without after-tax income	2,425	1,155	1,265	3.1	2.9	3.2	1,079,955	537,800	542,155	3.6	3.6	3.5
With after-tax income	76,655	38,245	38,415	96.9	97.1	96.8	29,256,180	14,323,750	14,932,430	96.4	96.4	96.5
Under $10,000 (including loss)	6,380	2,540	3,840	8.3	6.6	10.0	2,561,695	1,100,975	1,460,725	8.8	7.7	9.8
$10,000 to $19,999	8,260	3,175	5,080	10.8	8.3	13.2	3,608,250	1,521,395	2,086,855	12.3	10.6	14.0
$20,000 to $29,999	11,940	4,910	7,035	15.6	12.8	18.3	5,294,505	2,321,660	2,972,845	18.1	16.2	19.9
$30,000 to $39,999	11,010	4,700	6,310	14.4	12.3	16.4	4,442,970	2,035,725	2,407,250	15.2	14.2	16.1
$40,000 to $49,999	9,710	4,345	5,365	12.7	11.4	14.0	3,798,710	1,839,700	1,959,005	13.0	12.8	13.1
$50,000 to $59,999	7,955	4,040	3,910	10.4	10.6	10.2	2,833,120	1,471,200	1,361,920	9.7	10.3	9.1
$60,000 to $69,999	6,260	3,665	2,595	8.2	9.6	6.8	2,020,895	1,114,110	906,790	6.9	7.8	6.1
$70,000 to $79,999	4,755	3,225	1,530	6.2	8.4	4.0	1,428,520	814,645	613,875	4.9	5.7	4.1
$80,000 to $89,999	3,605	2,485	1,115	4.7	6.5	2.9	1,027,015	592,405	434,605	3.5	4.1	2.9
$90,000 to $99,999	2,400	1,755	635	3.1	4.6	1.7	643,700	402,325	241,380	2.2	2.8	1.6
$100,000 and over	4,385	3,395	995	5.7	8.9	2.6	1,596,790	1,109,610	487,185	5.5	7.7	3.3
$100,000 to $124,999	2,685	2,070	610	3.5	5.4	1.6	792,455	530,970	261,490	2.7	3.7	1.8
$125,000 and over	1,705	1,320	385	2.2	3.5	1.0	804,335	578,645	225,695	2.7	4.0	1.5
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	79,080	39,405	39,680	100.0	100.0	100.0	30,336,130	14,861,555	15,474,580	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without employment income	22,135	9,730	12,405	28.0	24.7	31.3	9,208,520	3,955,070	5,253,450	30.4	26.6	33.9
With employment income	56,940	29,675	27,270	72.0	75.3	68.7	21,127,615	10,906,485	10,221,125	69.6	73.4	66.1
Under $5,000 (including loss)	6,465	2,935	3,530	11.4	9.9	12.9	2,951,135	1,446,185	1,504,955	14.0	13.3	14.7
$5,000 to $9,999	3,840	1,530	2,310	6.7	5.2	8.5	1,739,570	765,825	973,750	8.2	7.0	9.5
$10,000 to $19,999	5,960	2,435	3,520	10.5	8.2	12.9	2,498,120	1,128,310	1,369,810	11.8	10.3	13.4
$20,000 to $29,999	5,145	2,200	2,945	9.0	7.4	10.8	1,960,665	902,615	1,058,050	9.3	8.3	10.4
$30,000 to $39,999	4,940	2,075	2,865	8.7	7.0	10.5	1,903,100	899,905	1,003,190	9.0	8.3	9.8
$40,000 to $49,999	4,865	2,065	2,800	8.5	7.0	10.3	1,859,845	899,795	960,055	8.8	8.3	9.4
$50,000 to $59,999	4,690	2,170	2,520	8.2	7.3	9.2	1,640,805	842,030	798,780	7.8	7.7	7.8
$60,000 to $69,999	4,155	2,245	1,905	7.3	7.6	7.0	1,367,510	754,825	612,685	6.5	6.9	6.0
$70,000 to $79,999	3,605	2,230	1,375	6.3	7.5	5.0	1,099,625	637,060	462,570	5.2	5.8	4.5
$80,000 to $89,999	3,100	2,100	1,000	5.4	7.1	3.7	929,490	539,395	390,095	4.4	4.9	3.8
$90,000 to $99,999	2,685	1,845	840	4.7	6.2	3.1	760,035	439,505	320,530	3.6	4.0	3.1
$100,000 and over	7,510	5,845	1,665	13.2	19.7	6.1	2,417,710	1,651,040	766,670	11.4	15.1	7.5
$100,000 to $124,999	4,010	2,970	1,035	7.0	10.0	3.8	1,129,445	714,235	415,210	5.3	6.5	4.1
$125,000 and over	3,500	2,870	630	6.1	9.7	2.3	1,288,265	936,805	351,460	6.1	8.6	3.4
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	79,085	39,400	39,675	100.0	100.0	100.0	30,336,135	14,861,555	15,474,575	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	74,785	37,285	37,500	94.6	94.6	94.5	28,598,395	13,976,715	14,621,680	94.3	94.0	94.5
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	42,800	54,800	34,800	42,800	54,800	34,800	39,200	45,200	34,000	39,200	45,200	34,000
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	74,970	37,305	37,660	94.8	94.7	94.9	28,617,610	13,979,960	14,637,655	94.3	94.1	94.6
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	38,400	47,600	31,400	38,400	47,600	31,400	35,200	40,000	31,200	35,200	40,000	31,200
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	67,760	34,615	33,145	85.7	87.9	83.5	25,708,470	12,830,580	12,877,890	84.7	86.3	83.2
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	40,800	53,600	31,800	40,800	53,600	31,800	36,800	44,000	30,800	36,800	44,000	30,800
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	59,115	30,830	28,290	74.7	78.2	71.3	21,241,445	10,932,825	10,308,625	70.0	73.6	66.6
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	42,000	55,600	32,800	42,000	55,600	32,800	38,000	44,400	32,800	38,000	44,400	32,800
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	50,375	21,910	28,470	63.7	55.6	71.8	23,196,815	10,876,635	12,320,175	76.5	73.2	79.6
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	7,500	7,800	7,400	7,500	7,800	7,400	4,240	1,960	6,450	4,240	1,960	6,450
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	7,620	3,960	3,660	9.6	10.1	9.2	2,428,800	1,182,025	1,246,770	8.0	8.0	8.1
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	5,280	5,160	5,480	5,280	5,160	5,480	5,720	5,560	5,960	5,720	5,560	5,960
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	79,050	39,400	39,650	100.0	100.0	100.0	30,335,920	14,861,245	15,474,670	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	74,785	37,315	37,475	94.6	94.7	94.5	28,599,665	13,976,240	14,623,425	94.3	94.0	94.5
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	53,400	65,500	41,320	53,400	65,500	41,320	52,350	61,250	43,800	52,350	61,250	43,800
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	75,000	37,355	37,645	94.9	94.8	94.9	28,618,280	13,979,265	14,639,015	94.3	94.1	94.6
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	44,560	53,500	35,720	44,560	53,500	35,720	42,920	49,000	37,160	42,920	49,000	37,160
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	67,890	34,920	32,970	85.9	88.6	83.2	25,709,140	12,829,990	12,879,155	84.7	86.3	83.2
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	51,900	64,100	39,000	51,900	64,100	39,000	51,040	60,800	41,320	51,040	60,800	41,320
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	59,090	31,100	27,985	74.8	78.9	70.6	21,242,575	10,934,760	10,307,815	70.0	73.6	66.6
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	50,960	61,750	38,960	50,960	61,750	38,960	50,560	58,800	41,800	50,560	58,800	41,800
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	50,425	21,695	28,725	63.8	55.1	72.4	23,191,860	10,869,800	12,322,065	76.5	73.1	79.6
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	9,310	9,550	9,140	9,310	9,550	9,140	7,950	6,990	8,800	7,950	6,990	8,800
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	7,870	4,070	3,800	10.0	10.3	9.6	2,430,165	1,181,385	1,248,780	8.0	7.9	8.1
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	7,390	6,930	7,890	7,390	6,930	7,890	7,560	6,880	8,210	7,560	6,880	8,210
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	79,050	39,400	39,645	100.0	100.0	100.0	30,335,920	14,861,250	15,474,670	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	26,900	15,510	11,385	34.0	39.4	28.7	9,831,805	5,446,500	4,385,305	32.4	36.6	28.3
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	65,000	75,500	53,200	65,000	75,500	53,200	60,000	66,000	53,600	60,000	66,000	53,600
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	71,700	81,700	58,000	71,700	81,700	58,000	73,200	81,900	62,250	73,200	81,900	62,250
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	21,245	10,040	11,210	26.9	25.5	28.3	7,934,985	3,759,675	4,175,305	26.2	25.3	27.0
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	28,600	37,200	23,600	28,600	37,200	23,600	24,200	28,000	21,800	24,200	28,000	21,800
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	39,600	50,760	29,640	39,600	50,760	29,640	35,200	41,280	29,720	35,200	41,280	29,720
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	88.2	91.6	83.0	88.2	91.6	83.0	87.6	91.2	83.0	87.6	91.2	83.0
Employment income (%)	75.4	78.6	70.4	75.4	78.6	70.4	71.8	75.0	67.2	71.8	75.0	67.2
Government transfers (%)	11.8	8.5	17.0	11.8	8.5	17.0	12.3	8.9	16.9	12.3	8.9	16.9
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.5	1.2	1.9	1.5	1.2	1.9	1.2	1.0	1.6	1.2	1.0	1.6
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	40,225	...	...	...	...	...	14,978,940	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	89,000	...	...	89,000	...	...	84,000	...	...	84,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	78,500	...	...	78,500	...	...	73,000	...	...	73,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	11,540	...	...	...	...	...	4,396,015	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	44,000	...	...	44,000	...	...	41,600	...	...	41,600	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	39,600	...	...	39,600	...	...	37,200	...	...	37,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	28,680	...	...	...	...	...	10,582,930	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	112,000	...	...	112,000	...	...	105,000	...	...	105,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	97,000	...	...	97,000	...	...	91,000	...	...	91,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	40,220	...	...	...	...	...	14,978,940	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	105,500	...	...	105,500	...	...	106,300	...	...	106,300	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	89,600	...	...	89,600	...	...	87,700	...	...	87,700	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	11,490	...	...	...	...	...	4,394,500	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	52,650	...	...	52,650	...	...	53,350	...	...	53,350	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	45,360	...	...	45,360	...	...	44,360	...	...	44,360	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	28,735	...	...	...	...	...	10,584,445	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	126,600	...	...	126,600	...	...	128,200	...	...	128,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	107,300	...	...	107,300	...	...	105,700	...	...	105,700	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	40,225	...	...	100.0	...	...	14,978,940	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	315	...	...	0.8	...	...	165,175	...	...	1.1	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	180	...	...	0.4	...	...	91,750	...	...	0.6	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	325	...	...	0.8	...	...	178,475	...	...	1.2	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	865	...	...	2.2	...	...	274,140	...	...	1.8	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	1,395	...	...	3.5	...	...	637,695	...	...	4.3	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	1,245	...	...	3.1	...	...	505,875	...	...	3.4	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	1,165	...	...	2.9	...	...	488,735	...	...	3.3	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	1,370	...	...	3.4	...	...	560,950	...	...	3.7	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	1,400	...	...	3.5	...	...	572,650	...	...	3.8	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	1,400	...	...	3.5	...	...	559,155	...	...	3.7	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	2,795	...	...	6.9	...	...	1,093,185	...	...	7.3	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	2,780	...	...	6.9	...	...	1,044,715	...	...	7.0	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	2,625	...	...	6.5	...	...	986,460	...	...	6.6	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	2,440	...	...	6.1	...	...	921,205	...	...	6.2	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	2,370	...	...	5.9	...	...	844,835	...	...	5.6	...	...
$100,000 and over	17,560	...	...	43.7	...	...	6,053,945	...	...	40.4	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	4,985	...	...	12.4	...	...	1,753,485	...	...	11.7	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	3,915	...	...	9.7	...	...	1,283,445	...	...	8.6	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	4,950	...	...	12.3	...	...	1,545,935	...	...	10.3	...	...
$200,000 and over	3,720	...	...	9.2	...	...	1,471,075	...	...	9.8	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	40,225	...	...	100.0	...	...	14,978,940	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	340	...	...	0.8	...	...	186,735	...	...	1.2	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	185	...	...	0.5	...	...	95,195	...	...	0.6	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	340	...	...	0.8	...	...	183,430	...	...	1.2	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	885	...	...	2.2	...	...	289,545	...	...	1.9	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	1,480	...	...	3.7	...	...	681,900	...	...	4.6	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	1,390	...	...	3.5	...	...	589,110	...	...	3.9	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	1,395	...	...	3.5	...	...	582,275	...	...	3.9	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	1,580	...	...	3.9	...	...	666,675	...	...	4.5	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	1,625	...	...	4.0	...	...	676,995	...	...	4.5	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	1,585	...	...	3.9	...	...	655,100	...	...	4.4	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	3,405	...	...	8.5	...	...	1,285,425	...	...	8.6	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	3,235	...	...	8.0	...	...	1,223,830	...	...	8.2	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	3,000	...	...	7.5	...	...	1,137,840	...	...	7.6	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	2,885	...	...	7.2	...	...	1,039,375	...	...	6.9	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	2,665	...	...	6.6	...	...	911,515	...	...	6.1	...	...
$100,000 and over	14,215	...	...	35.3	...	...	4,773,995	...	...	31.9	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	5,290	...	...	13.2	...	...	1,757,035	...	...	11.7	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	3,720	...	...	9.2	...	...	1,152,855	...	...	7.7	...	...
$150,000 and over	5,205	...	...	12.9	...	...	1,864,100	...	...	12.4	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	26,970	...	...	...	...	...	10,117,305	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	111,000	...	...	111,000	...	...	105,000	...	...	105,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	96,000	...	...	96,000	...	...	91,000	...	...	91,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.9	...	...	2.9	...	...	3.0	...	...	3.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	11,270	...	...	...	...	...	3,929,500	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	100,000	...	...	100,000	...	...	91,000	...	...	91,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	87,000	...	...	87,000	...	...	79,000	...	...	79,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	10,220	...	...	...	...	...	4,311,315	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	145,000	...	...	145,000	...	...	136,000	...	...	136,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	124,000	...	...	124,000	...	...	116,000	...	...	116,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	4.0	...	...	4.0	...	...	4.1	...	...	4.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	4,485	...	...	...	...	...	1,547,920	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	68,000	...	...	68,000	...	...	70,000	...	...	70,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	63,600	...	...	63,600	...	...	64,000	...	...	64,000	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	17,325	9,135	8,190	...	...	...	5,922,660	2,927,295	2,995,365	...	...	...
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	40,400	45,600	36,800	40,400	45,600	36,800	38,400	40,000	36,800	38,400	40,000	36,800
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	37,200	40,800	34,000	37,200	40,800	34,000	34,800	36,000	33,600	34,800	36,000	33,600
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	26,975	...	...	...	...	...	10,113,100	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	125,100	...	...	125,100	...	...	128,600	...	...	128,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	105,900	...	...	105,900	...	...	105,600	...	...	105,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	11,255	...	...	...	...	...	3,926,040	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	113,600	...	...	113,600	...	...	112,500	...	...	112,500	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	95,900	...	...	95,900	...	...	92,000	...	...	92,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	10,250	...	...	...	...	...	4,318,755	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	157,000	...	...	157,000	...	...	160,600	...	...	160,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	131,600	...	...	131,600	...	...	130,600	...	...	130,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	4,435	...	...	...	...	...	1,539,580	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	79,600	...	...	79,600	...	...	82,300	...	...	82,300	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	70,900	...	...	70,900	...	...	71,800	...	...	71,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	17,310	8,975	8,335	...	...	...	5,916,895	2,916,490	3,000,405	...	...	...
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	50,000	55,300	44,320	50,000	55,300	44,320	49,440	52,050	46,880	49,440	52,050	46,880
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	43,240	47,080	39,120	43,240	47,080	39,120	41,560	43,080	40,120	41,560	43,080	40,120
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	95,295	47,720	47,575	100.0	100.0	100.0	36,328,475	17,937,230	18,391,250	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	19,430	9,990	9,440	20.4	20.9	19.8	7,196,545	3,696,540	3,500,005	19.8	20.6	19.0
0 to 5 years	5,910	3,000	2,910	6.2	6.3	6.1	2,225,085	1,140,315	1,084,775	6.1	6.4	5.9
18 to 64 years	60,225	30,140	30,085	63.2	63.2	63.2	22,545,065	11,159,405	11,385,665	62.1	62.2	61.9
65 years and over	15,640	7,590	8,055	16.4	15.9	16.9	6,586,865	3,081,285	3,505,580	18.1	17.2	19.1
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	8,610	3,935	4,675	...	...	...	4,016,065	1,881,305	2,134,765	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	2,080	1,040	1,035	...	...	...	854,565	439,490	415,075	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	705	350	355	...	...	...	282,315	144,250	138,065	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	4,510	2,090	2,420	...	...	...	2,175,755	1,050,115	1,125,640	...	...	...
65 years and over	2,015	800	1,215	...	...	...	985,745	391,695	594,050	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	9.0	8.3	9.8	9.0	8.3	9.8	11.1	10.5	11.6	11.1	10.5	11.6
0 to 17 years (%)	10.7	10.4	11.0	10.7	10.4	11.0	11.9	11.9	11.9	11.9	11.9	11.9
0 to 5 years (%)	11.9	11.6	12.2	11.9	11.6	12.2	12.7	12.7	12.7	12.7	12.7	12.7
18 to 64 years (%)	7.5	6.9	8.1	7.5	6.9	8.1	9.7	9.4	9.9	9.7	9.4	9.9
65 years and over (%)	12.9	10.6	15.1	12.9	10.6	15.1	15.0	12.7	16.9	15.0	12.7	16.9
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	95,130	47,640	47,490	100.0	100.0	100.0	35,837,970	17,691,535	18,146,440	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	19,390	9,970	9,415	20.4	20.9	19.8	7,043,545	3,618,040	3,425,505	19.7	20.5	18.9
0 to 5 years	5,905	3,000	2,905	6.2	6.3	6.1	2,175,935	1,115,010	1,060,925	6.1	6.3	5.8
18 to 64 years	60,125	30,085	30,035	63.2	63.2	63.2	22,262,940	11,019,070	11,243,865	62.1	62.3	62.0
65 years and over	15,620	7,580	8,040	16.4	15.9	16.9	6,531,490	3,054,420	3,477,065	18.2	17.3	19.2
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	3,150	1,545	1,600	...	...	...	1,863,335	950,150	913,180	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	630	305	325	...	...	...	319,545	164,490	155,060	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	205	95	110	...	...	...	99,435	50,875	48,560	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	2,285	1,135	1,145	...	...	...	1,344,640	702,660	641,975	...	...	...
65 years and over	235	105	130	...	...	...	199,155	83,010	116,145	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	3.3	3.3	3.4	3.3	3.3	3.4	5.2	5.4	5.0	5.2	5.4	5.0
0 to 17 years (%)	3.3	3.1	3.5	3.3	3.1	3.5	4.5	4.6	4.5	4.5	4.6	4.5
0 to 5 years (%)	3.4	3.0	3.9	3.4	3.0	3.9	4.6	4.6	4.6	4.6	4.6	4.6
18 to 64 years (%)	3.8	3.8	3.8	3.8	3.8	3.8	6.0	6.4	5.7	6.0	6.4	5.7
65 years and over (%)	1.5	1.4	1.6	1.5	1.4	1.6	3.1	2.7	3.3	3.1	2.7	3.3
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	95,295	47,720	47,575	100.0	100.0	100.0	36,328,475	17,937,230	18,391,250	100.0	100.0	100.0
In bottom half of the distribution	42,980	20,650	22,330	45.1	43.3	46.9	18,164,550	8,775,210	9,389,345	50.0	48.9	51.1
In bottom decile	8,630	4,005	4,620	9.1	8.4	9.7	3,632,735	1,759,660	1,873,070	10.0	9.8	10.2
In second decile	8,390	3,885	4,505	8.8	8.1	9.5	3,632,975	1,695,310	1,937,660	10.0	9.5	10.5
In third decile	8,550	4,085	4,460	9.0	8.6	9.4	3,632,895	1,752,160	1,880,735	10.0	9.8	10.2
In fourth decile	8,640	4,285	4,360	9.1	9.0	9.2	3,632,745	1,775,535	1,857,210	10.0	9.9	10.1
In fifth decile	8,770	4,385	4,390	9.2	9.2	9.2	3,633,205	1,792,540	1,840,670	10.0	10.0	10.0
In top half of the distribution	52,315	27,070	25,245	54.9	56.7	53.1	18,163,925	9,162,020	9,001,900	50.0	51.1	48.9
In sixth decile	9,870	4,985	4,885	10.4	10.4	10.3	3,632,910	1,810,370	1,822,535	10.0	10.1	9.9
In seventh decile	10,355	5,315	5,035	10.9	11.1	10.6	3,632,765	1,819,535	1,813,230	10.0	10.1	9.9
In eighth decile	11,005	5,680	5,330	11.5	11.9	11.2	3,632,555	1,829,025	1,803,530	10.0	10.2	9.8
In ninth decile	11,335	5,950	5,390	11.9	12.5	11.3	3,632,930	1,841,520	1,791,415	10.0	10.3	9.7
In top decile	9,750	5,145	4,610	10.2	10.8	9.7	3,632,765	1,861,575	1,771,195	10.0	10.4	9.6
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	95,300	...	...	95,300	...	...	36,328,475	...	...	36,328,475	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.300	...	...	0.300	...	...	0.347	...	...	0.347	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.402	...	...	0.402	...	...	0.462	...	...	0.462	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.268	...	...	0.268	...	...	0.302	...	...	0.302	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.6	...	...	3.6	...	...	3.8	...	...	3.8	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	95,800	48,000	47,795	100.0	100.0	100.0	36,620,955	18,063,870	18,557,080	100.0	100.0	100.0
English only	90,760	45,740	45,020	94.7	95.3	94.2	25,261,655	12,620,855	12,640,800	69.0	69.9	68.1
French only	20	5	15	0.0	0.0	0.0	4,087,895	1,914,500	2,173,390	11.2	10.6	11.7
English and French	4,620	2,100	2,525	4.8	4.4	5.3	6,581,680	3,244,350	3,337,330	18.0	18.0	18.0
Neither English nor French	395	160	235	0.4	0.3	0.5	689,725	284,170	405,555	1.9	1.6	2.2
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	95,800	48,000	47,795	100.0	100.0	100.0	36,620,955	18,063,870	18,557,080	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	94,385	47,325	47,060	98.5	98.6	98.5	27,643,140	13,696,115	13,947,025	75.5	75.8	75.2
French	950	485	460	1.0	1.0	1.0	7,828,545	3,854,435	3,974,110	21.4	21.3	21.4
English and French	85	45	40	0.1	0.1	0.1	476,175	237,635	238,535	1.3	1.3	1.3
Neither English nor French	385	150	230	0.4	0.3	0.5	673,100	275,685	397,420	1.8	1.5	2.1
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	95,800	48,000	47,795	100.0	100.0	100.0	36,620,955	18,063,870	18,557,080	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	94,005	47,160	46,845	98.1	98.3	98.0	35,145,265	17,344,665	17,800,600	96.0	96.0	95.9
Official languages	85,465	43,095	42,370	89.2	89.8	88.6	27,296,445	13,583,930	13,712,510	74.5	75.2	73.9
English	84,340	42,525	41,820	88.0	88.6	87.5	20,107,200	10,036,360	10,070,835	54.9	55.6	54.3
French	1,125	570	555	1.2	1.2	1.2	7,189,245	3,547,565	3,641,675	19.6	19.6	19.6
Non-official languages	8,540	4,070	4,470	8.9	8.5	9.4	7,848,820	3,760,725	4,088,090	21.4	20.8	22.0
Indigenous languages³⁹	200	75	125	0.2	0.2	0.3	148,895	71,630	77,265	0.4	0.4	0.4
Algonquian languages	60	20	40	0.1	0.0	0.1	97,125	46,545	50,580	0.3	0.3	0.3
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,520	1,180	1,340	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	50	15	35	0.1	0.0	0.1	67,665	32,715	34,950	0.2	0.2	0.2
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5,500	2,825	2,670	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	50	15	35	0.1	0.0	0.1	53,070	25,645	27,430	0.1	0.1	0.1
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	155	70	85	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	580	300	280	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,460	1,675	1,785	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,475	1,075	1,395	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	15	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	5,025	2,345	2,675	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,850	1,370	1,480	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	25	10	20	0.0	0.0	0.0	38,535	18,810	19,725	0.1	0.1	0.1
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	8,465	3,930	4,535	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	625	310	315	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5,155	2,415	2,745	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	4,910	2,290	2,620	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	245	125	120	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	21,775	10,230	11,550	0.1	0.1	0.1
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	865	400	460	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	9,310	4,525	4,790	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	11,605	5,300	6,300	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	470	235	235	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	65	25	40	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,880	850	1,030	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	9,185	4,190	4,995	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	105	40	60	0.1	0.1	0.1	12,885	6,200	6,680	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	105	40	60	0.1	0.1	0.1	12,785	6,155	6,630	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	80	30	50	0.1	0.1	0.1	625	280	340	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	120	55	60	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	8,060	3,865	4,190	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	175	70	105	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,505	755	755	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	400	195	200	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	270	120	150	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	840	440	400	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	150	80	65	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	65	40	25	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	80	40	40	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,390	725	670	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	35	5	30	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	465	210	255	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	25	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	120	40	85	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	70	15	55	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	25	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	25	10	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	120	50	65	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	50	20	25	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	45	20	25	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	45	15	25	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	33,790	16,480	17,315	0.1	0.1	0.1
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	560	220	340	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	335	140	200	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	225	85	140	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	33,200	16,240	16,955	0.1	0.1	0.1
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	30	10	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	355	150	205	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	35	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	275	115	155	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	45	10	30	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	30	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	485	220	265	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,095	520	575	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	185	90	95	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	100	45	55	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	180	100	80	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	265	125	140	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	25	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	95	40	50	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	185	80	105	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	55	30	25	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,040	485	555	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	70	40	25	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	560	245	315	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	365	180	190	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	45	20	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	25	15	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,035	515	515	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	20	15	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	590	300	290	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	325	155	170	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	120	60	60	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	770	385	385	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	85	35	55	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	300	180	120	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	150	70	80	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	220	95	130	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	20	5	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	60	25	35	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	180	75	100	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	8,340	3,995	4,350	8.7	8.3	9.1	7,699,925	3,689,100	4,010,830	21.0	20.4	21.6
Afro-Asiatic languages	125	65	60	0.1	0.1	0.1	698,355	359,625	338,730	1.9	2.0	1.8
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	27,490	14,715	12,775	0.1	0.1	0.1
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	24,760	13,130	11,625	0.1	0.1	0.1
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,340	1,365	975	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	395	225	170	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,985	1,085	905	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,315	740	570	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	675	340	335	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,015	510	505	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	49,410	23,275	26,135	0.1	0.1	0.1
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,020	1,085	935	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5,905	3,015	2,890	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	40,730	18,775	21,955	0.1	0.1	0.1
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	755	400	350	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	125	65	60	0.1	0.1	0.1	618,450	320,045	298,405	1.7	1.8	1.6
Amharic	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	25,685	12,090	13,600	0.1	0.1	0.1
Arabic	115	65	50	0.1	0.1	0.1	508,410	265,350	243,060	1.4	1.5	1.3
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	27,690	13,465	14,220	0.1	0.1	0.1
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	17,220	8,320	8,900	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	8,860	4,335	4,525	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,600	805	795	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,220	550	675	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	19,495	10,505	8,995	0.1	0.1	0.0
Maltese	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	4,425	2,080	2,340	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	31,075	15,775	15,300	0.1	0.1	0.1
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	450	235	220	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	115	55	60	0.1	0.1	0.1	192,985	87,230	105,750	0.5	0.5	0.6
Khmer (Cambodian)	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	19,525	8,820	10,705	0.1	0.0	0.1
Vietnamese	110	55	55	0.1	0.1	0.1	173,000	78,180	94,820	0.5	0.4	0.5
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	460	230	225	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	815	315	500	0.9	0.7	1.0	565,375	238,875	326,500	1.5	1.3	1.8
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,115	940	1,180	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	45	20	25	0.0	0.0	0.1	8,215	3,425	4,790	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	70	20	55	0.1	0.0	0.1	18,945	7,800	11,145	0.1	0.0	0.1
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	605	325	280	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	10	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	9,690	3,900	5,795	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	30	10	20	0.0	0.0	0.0	33,520	14,140	19,380	0.1	0.1	0.1
Indonesian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	11,910	4,990	6,920	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,100	465	640	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	670	275	395	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,085	990	1,090	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,245	580	670	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	835	415	425	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,330	570	760	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5,615	2,635	2,980	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,050	900	1,150	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	635	250	380	0.7	0.5	0.8	461,150	194,805	266,345	1.3	1.1	1.4
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,625	690	935	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	4,740	2,035	2,705	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	78,235	35,650	42,580	0.2	0.2	0.2
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	52,435	23,355	29,085	0.1	0.1	0.2
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	600	315	290	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	795	365	435	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	6,125	3,015	3,110	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	580	280	300	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	15,550	7,325	8,230	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,135	1,000	1,140	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	100	60	40	0.1	0.1	0.1	244,165	125,180	118,990	0.7	0.7	0.6
Kannada	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	6,240	3,215	3,020	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	60	40	20	0.1	0.1	0.0	54,050	29,375	24,670	0.1	0.2	0.1
Tamil	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	152,850	75,010	77,845	0.4	0.4	0.4
Telugu	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	30,045	17,095	12,950	0.1	0.1	0.1
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	615	310	305	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	370	170	195	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,180	1,175	1,005	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	565	265	305	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	5,900	2,885	3,015	6.2	6.0	6.3	4,124,860	2,018,340	2,106,520	11.3	11.2	11.4
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	29,265	14,690	14,580	0.1	0.1	0.1
Armenian	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	33,720	16,335	17,385	0.1	0.1	0.1
Balto-Slavic languages	790	365	425	0.8	0.8	0.9	648,810	297,100	351,710	1.8	1.6	1.9
Baltic languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	10,560	4,425	6,135	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	4,430	1,875	2,555	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	6,130	2,555	3,580	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	780	365	415	0.8	0.8	0.9	638,250	292,670	345,580	1.7	1.6	1.9
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	720	325	395	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	19,035	9,090	9,950	0.1	0.1	0.1
Czech	50	30	20	0.1	0.1	0.0	20,025	9,215	10,815	0.1	0.1	0.1
Macedonian	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	14,795	7,075	7,720	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	135	60	75	0.1	0.1	0.2	160,170	72,120	88,050	0.4	0.4	0.5
Russian	190	90	105	0.2	0.2	0.2	197,905	89,100	108,800	0.5	0.5	0.6
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	500	240	255	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	180	90	95	0.2	0.2	0.2	116,735	56,900	59,835	0.3	0.3	0.3
Bosnian	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	13,820	6,785	7,040	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	150	70	80	0.2	0.1	0.2	43,500	20,755	22,740	0.1	0.1	0.1
Serbian	25	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0	57,425	28,410	29,015	0.2	0.2	0.2
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,995	945	1,045	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	35	20	15	0.0	0.0	0.0	15,255	6,930	8,320	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	25	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0	7,965	3,425	4,535	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	135	55	80	0.1	0.1	0.2	84,705	38,005	46,695	0.2	0.2	0.3
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	440	235	205	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,150	1,110	1,045	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	665	355	315	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	425	210	210	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	825	410	420	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	230	135	95	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	1,490	695	800	1.6	1.4	1.7	463,400	221,365	242,035	1.3	1.2	1.3
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,570	800	775	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	980	450	525	1.0	0.9	1.1	301,570	142,580	158,990	0.8	0.8	0.9
German	920	415	495	1.0	0.9	1.0	272,865	128,250	144,615	0.7	0.7	0.8
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	9,065	4,530	4,540	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	60	35	30	0.1	0.1	0.1	7,575	3,740	3,835	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	12,060	6,060	6,005	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	375	175	200	0.4	0.4	0.4	138,655	67,815	70,840	0.4	0.4	0.4
Afrikaans	75	35	40	0.1	0.1	0.1	12,270	6,175	6,095	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	230	115	120	0.2	0.2	0.3	80,315	39,000	41,310	0.2	0.2	0.2
Low German, n.o.s.	15	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	8,670	4,255	4,420	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,270	650	625	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	50	20	30	0.1	0.0	0.1	33,200	16,410	16,785	0.1	0.1	0.1
Vlaams (Flemish)	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,935	1,325	1,605	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	135	60	70	0.1	0.1	0.1	20,275	9,500	10,775	0.1	0.1	0.1
Danish	75	35	45	0.1	0.1	0.1	9,945	4,750	5,195	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	905	430	480	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	30	15	20	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,535	1,675	1,860	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	15	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	5,890	2,645	3,245	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,330	670	660	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	60	35	25	0.1	0.1	0.1	93,335	45,860	47,470	0.3	0.3	0.3
Indo-Iranian languages	2,710	1,380	1,330	2.8	2.9	2.8	1,659,505	847,400	812,105	4.5	4.7	4.4
Indo-Aryan languages	2,620	1,335	1,285	2.7	2.8	2.7	1,358,645	697,075	661,575	3.7	3.9	3.6
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	545	265	280	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	55	25	30	0.1	0.1	0.1	87,580	45,160	42,425	0.2	0.3	0.2
Gujarati	55	30	25	0.1	0.1	0.1	138,985	73,335	65,655	0.4	0.4	0.4
Hindi	150	90	60	0.2	0.2	0.1	152,825	79,585	73,240	0.4	0.4	0.4
Kacchi	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	6,930	3,100	3,830	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	745	395	350	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,425	1,675	1,745	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	14,145	7,330	6,810	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	23,425	11,920	11,510	0.1	0.1	0.1
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,775	940	835	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,125	615	510	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	645	325	320	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	2,205	1,105	1,100	2.3	2.3	2.3	666,585	341,515	325,065	1.8	1.9	1.8
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	545	265	280	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,985	2,070	1,915	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	18,000	8,895	9,110	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	110	60	55	0.1	0.1	0.1	235,290	118,540	116,755	0.6	0.7	0.6
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,865	2,085	1,780	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	90	50	40	0.1	0.1	0.1	300,555	150,160	150,390	0.8	0.8	0.8
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	555	305	250	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	16,485	8,770	7,715	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	555	310	240	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	19,520	10,170	9,355	0.1	0.1	0.1
Persian languages	90	50	40	0.1	0.1	0.1	262,625	130,180	132,440	0.7	0.7	0.7
Dari	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	57,220	28,070	29,155	0.2	0.2	0.2
Iranian Persian	70	35	35	0.1	0.1	0.1	179,425	89,070	90,360	0.5	0.5	0.5
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	25,975	13,040	12,930	0.1	0.1	0.1
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	815	425	390	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	305	165	140	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	840	405	430	0.9	0.8	0.9	1,194,290	574,295	619,995	3.3	3.2	3.3
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	905	470	440	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	245	125	120	0.3	0.3	0.3	319,505	154,295	165,205	0.9	0.9	0.9
Portuguese	230	115	115	0.2	0.2	0.2	240,680	115,235	125,450	0.7	0.6	0.7
Romanian	45	20	25	0.0	0.0	0.1	93,160	44,185	48,975	0.3	0.2	0.3
Spanish	310	140	170	0.3	0.3	0.4	538,870	259,500	279,375	1.5	1.4	1.5
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,165	610	550	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	385	195	185	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	60	20	40	0.1	0.0	0.1	43,850	14,205	29,650	0.1	0.1	0.2
Korean	250	115	135	0.3	0.2	0.3	170,400	77,075	93,325	0.5	0.4	0.5
Mongolian	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,850	800	1,050	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	150	80	70	0.2	0.2	0.1	108,295	52,850	55,440	0.3	0.3	0.3
Akan (Twi)	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	13,120	6,400	6,720	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,855	1,000	860	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,685	745	940	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,955	1,030	920	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,520	1,825	1,695	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	815	400	415	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,890	885	1,010	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	760	320	440	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	15	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	5,175	2,720	2,460	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	7,380	3,365	4,015	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	4,260	1,925	2,335	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	520	245	275	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	515	260	260	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	695	365	325	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	920	420	500	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	8,660	4,035	4,625	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,605	1,665	1,940	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	505	315	190	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	520	200	320	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	20	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	16,000	7,630	8,370	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,030	495	535	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	4,890	2,605	2,285	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	30	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0	15,015	7,605	7,410	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	15	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	13,000	6,405	6,590	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	6,920	3,565	3,355	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,865	1,000	865	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,090	515	570	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,395	1,745	1,645	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	575	305	270	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	20	15	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	6,955	3,710	3,250	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	20	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	4,965	2,635	2,335	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	990	520	465	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,005	555	450	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	575	260	310	0.6	0.5	0.6	1,309,825	602,025	707,800	3.6	3.3	3.8
Chinese languages	575	260	310	0.6	0.5	0.6	1,292,640	593,580	699,055	3.5	3.3	3.8
Hakka	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	9,765	4,420	5,345	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	270	125	150	0.3	0.3	0.3	679,255	310,750	368,510	1.9	1.7	2.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,310	665	645	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	15	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	27,805	12,415	15,390	0.1	0.1	0.1
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	8,880	3,995	4,880	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	260	125	130	0.3	0.3	0.3	553,380	255,540	297,835	1.5	1.4	1.6
Chinese, n.o.s.	15	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	11,610	5,500	6,110	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	630	295	330	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	16,600	8,160	8,445	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,305	1,590	1,710	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	870	400	475	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	4,520	2,240	2,275	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,900	1,940	1,960	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	615	305	315	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	7,025	3,475	3,545	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	890	445	440	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	585	285	295	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	20	5	15	0.0	0.0	0.0	22,350	8,605	13,745	0.1	0.0	0.1
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	11,485	5,475	6,010	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	20	5	15	0.0	0.0	0.0	10,455	2,960	7,495	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	410	165	240	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	53,520	28,385	25,135	0.1	0.2	0.1
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	4,490	2,460	2,030	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	540	230	305	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	44,190	23,615	20,570	0.1	0.1	0.1
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,355	660	690	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,805	890	920	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,150	530	620	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	170	90	80	0.2	0.2	0.2	68,180	31,000	37,180	0.2	0.2	0.2
Estonian	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	4,485	1,945	2,535	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	85	40	45	0.1	0.1	0.1	12,200	5,075	7,120	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	75	45	35	0.1	0.1	0.1	51,500	23,980	27,525	0.1	0.1	0.1
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,060	540	520	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	1,795	845	950	1.9	1.8	2.0	1,475,690	719,210	756,480	4.0	4.0	4.1
English and French	255	130	125	0.3	0.3	0.3	291,325	142,420	148,905	0.8	0.8	0.8
English and non-official language(s)	1,340	625	715	1.4	1.3	1.5	921,480	450,685	470,800	2.5	2.5	2.5
French and non-official language(s)	15	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	117,910	57,875	60,040	0.3	0.3	0.3
English, French and non-official language(s)	25	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0	52,880	25,900	26,975	0.1	0.1	0.1
Multiple non-official languages	155	65	90	0.2	0.1	0.2	92,095	42,330	49,765	0.3	0.2	0.3
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	95,800	48,000	47,795	100.0	100.0	100.0	36,620,955	18,063,870	18,557,080	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	86,790	43,745	43,045	90.6	91.1	90.1	20,920,835	10,420,570	10,500,270	57.1	57.7	56.6
French	150	70	80	0.2	0.1	0.2	6,456,960	3,188,280	3,268,685	17.6	17.7	17.6
Non-official language	1,840	900	945	1.9	1.9	2.0	2,402,180	1,139,865	1,262,315	6.6	6.3	6.8
Indigenous³⁹	15	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	50,460	25,385	25,080	0.1	0.1	0.1
Non-Indigenous	1,830	895	940	1.9	1.9	2.0	2,351,720	1,114,475	1,237,240	6.4	6.2	6.7
English and French	675	295	380	0.7	0.6	0.8	953,760	465,560	488,205	2.6	2.6	2.6
English and non-official language(s)	6,020	2,830	3,190	6.3	5.9	6.7	4,835,815	2,350,245	2,485,570	13.2	13.0	13.4
French and non-official language(s)	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	395,320	188,195	207,125	1.1	1.0	1.1
English, French and non-official language(s)	160	80	80	0.2	0.2	0.2	455,760	217,995	237,770	1.2	1.2	1.3
Multiple non-official languages	155	75	75	0.2	0.2	0.2	200,320	93,165	107,155	0.5	0.5	0.6
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	95,800	48,000	47,795	100.0	100.0	100.0	36,620,955	18,063,870	18,557,080	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	94,420	47,360	47,060	98.6	98.7	98.5	35,057,615	17,305,575	17,752,035	95.7	95.8	95.7
Official languages	90,575	45,455	45,115	94.5	94.7	94.4	30,421,050	15,070,205	15,350,850	83.1	83.4	82.7
English	90,365	45,360	45,010	94.3	94.5	94.2	23,376,200	11,588,715	11,787,485	63.8	64.2	63.5
French	205	100	105	0.2	0.2	0.2	7,044,855	3,481,490	3,563,365	19.2	19.3	19.2
Non-official languages	3,845	1,905	1,945	4.0	4.0	4.1	4,636,560	2,235,370	2,401,190	12.7	12.4	12.9
Indigenous languages³⁹	20	15	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	85,835	42,950	42,885	0.2	0.2	0.2
Algonquian languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	50,135	25,010	25,120	0.1	0.1	0.1
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	980	495	480	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	38,255	19,165	19,090	0.1	0.1	0.1
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	4,345	2,285	2,060	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	26,700	13,425	13,270	0.1	0.1	0.1
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	50	30	30	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	560	300	265	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,545	1,225	1,315	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	665	305	360	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,455	730	725	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	830	430	405	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	20,585	10,400	10,180	0.1	0.1	0.1
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	6,710	3,190	3,520	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	505	260	245	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,650	1,250	1,395	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,595	1,225	1,365	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	55	25	25	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	8,250	4,100	4,155	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	230	105	120	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	4,540	2,305	2,235	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,480	1,685	1,800	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	145	70	70	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	25	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	390	195	200	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,925	1,405	1,515	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	7,260	3,675	3,585	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	7,230	3,655	3,575	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	220	100	125	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	30	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5,255	2,610	2,650	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	35	15	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	705	390	315	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	200	110	95	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	115	60	55	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	395	220	175	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	755	420	335	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	165	85	75	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	40	20	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	15	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	27,295	13,695	13,600	0.1	0.1	0.1
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	145	65	80	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	95	45	55	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	50	25	25	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	27,140	13,625	13,520	0.1	0.1	0.1
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	100	45	55	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	15	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	65	30	40	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	15	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	150	80	70	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	260	130	130	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	50	20	30	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	35	20	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	35	20	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	85	40	40	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	30	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	15	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	240	110	130	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	120	65	60	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	90	40	55	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	15	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	220	115	105	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	120	65	55	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	85	40	45	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	70	25	40	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	20	5	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	25	5	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	15	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	85	40	40	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	3,830	1,890	1,935	4.0	3.9	4.0	4,550,725	2,192,420	2,358,305	12.4	12.1	12.7
Afro-Asiatic languages	70	40	35	0.1	0.1	0.1	395,840	197,010	198,830	1.1	1.1	1.1
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	11,295	5,940	5,355	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10,180	5,325	4,850	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	840	455	380	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	280	155	130	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	835	425	410	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	635	330	305	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	200	95	105	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	545	265	280	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	30,375	14,115	16,260	0.1	0.1	0.1
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,645	890	760	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,890	1,935	1,960	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	24,410	11,075	13,335	0.1	0.1	0.1
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	425	215	205	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	70	40	35	0.1	0.1	0.1	352,790	176,270	176,520	1.0	1.0	1.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	14,030	6,470	7,565	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	70	40	30	0.1	0.1	0.1	285,915	143,650	142,260	0.8	0.8	0.8
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	20,740	9,940	10,800	0.1	0.1	0.1
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	12,935	6,150	6,785	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	6,585	3,185	3,400	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,220	605	615	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	680	305	380	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	8,515	4,355	4,160	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	795	360	435	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	21,860	11,050	10,810	0.1	0.1	0.1
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	250	135	115	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	70	35	30	0.1	0.1	0.1	127,730	58,660	69,070	0.3	0.3	0.4
Khmer (Cambodian)	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10,650	4,765	5,880	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	60	35	30	0.1	0.1	0.1	116,785	53,735	63,055	0.3	0.3	0.3
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	300	160	135	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	380	175	205	0.4	0.4	0.4	326,245	149,550	176,700	0.9	0.8	1.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	760	370	395	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	35	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0	4,125	1,895	2,230	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	40	15	20	0.0	0.0	0.0	10,195	4,720	5,480	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	200	110	85	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	5,015	2,265	2,750	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	18,350	8,350	10,000	0.1	0.0	0.1
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	4,150	1,985	2,170	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	585	265	320	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	320	150	170	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	725	370	355	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	330	165	170	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	390	205	190	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	280	145	140	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,030	1,435	1,590	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	680	310	375	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	280	135	145	0.3	0.3	0.3	275,045	125,870	149,170	0.8	0.7	0.8
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	680	325	360	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,100	1,000	1,105	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	35,195	15,455	19,740	0.1	0.1	0.1
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	22,610	9,620	12,990	0.1	0.1	0.1
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	300	125	175	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	360	150	210	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,640	1,760	1,880	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	295	135	160	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	7,120	3,275	3,845	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	870	395	475	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	75	45	35	0.1	0.1	0.1	169,705	85,265	84,440	0.5	0.5	0.5
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,060	1,575	1,485	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	55	30	25	0.1	0.1	0.1	35,390	19,010	16,380	0.1	0.1	0.1
Tamil	15	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	112,335	54,240	58,095	0.3	0.3	0.3
Telugu	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	18,470	10,215	8,250	0.1	0.1	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	240	120	120	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	205	105	105	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,335	730	610	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	215	105	120	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	2,620	1,300	1,325	2.7	2.7	2.8	2,264,155	1,111,775	1,152,380	6.2	6.2	6.2
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	14,110	7,005	7,100	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	21,970	10,415	11,550	0.1	0.1	0.1
Balto-Slavic languages	230	105	120	0.2	0.2	0.3	303,480	143,495	159,985	0.8	0.8	0.9
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,495	1,120	1,380	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	880	395	485	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,615	720	895	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	230	105	120	0.2	0.2	0.3	300,985	142,375	158,610	0.8	0.8	0.9
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	215	100	115	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10,315	5,005	5,310	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	15	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	5,680	2,705	2,980	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	6,105	2,880	3,225	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	25	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0	65,140	30,225	34,915	0.2	0.2	0.2
Russian	90	45	50	0.1	0.1	0.1	125,780	59,290	66,490	0.3	0.3	0.4
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	290	155	135	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	50	20	30	0.1	0.0	0.1	53,150	25,720	27,430	0.1	0.1	0.1
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	6,480	3,135	3,345	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	35	20	20	0.0	0.0	0.0	14,925	6,965	7,960	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	31,110	15,310	15,800	0.1	0.1	0.1
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	640	315	325	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5,015	2,410	2,605	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,375	595	785	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	25	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0	27,825	13,250	14,580	0.1	0.1	0.1
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	95	55	40	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	555	295	265	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	310	165	145	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	105	55	55	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	100	55	45	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	40	25	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	230	110	120	0.2	0.2	0.3	140,450	68,575	71,875	0.4	0.4	0.4
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	270	110	155	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	165	80	90	0.2	0.2	0.2	103,780	50,460	53,325	0.3	0.3	0.3
German	155	70	85	0.2	0.1	0.2	86,820	41,815	45,005	0.2	0.2	0.2
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	7,270	3,640	3,630	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,750	870	875	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	7,950	4,140	3,810	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	50	25	30	0.1	0.1	0.1	33,710	16,730	16,980	0.1	0.1	0.1
Afrikaans	35	15	20	0.0	0.0	0.0	6,095	3,055	3,035	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	8,100	3,950	4,150	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	4,965	2,480	2,485	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	490	240	245	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	13,845	6,895	6,945	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	220	100	120	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,940	920	1,020	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	615	280	340	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	175	75	95	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	260	125	135	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	890	435	450	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	740	355	390	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	38,300	17,490	20,810	0.1	0.1	0.1
Indo-Iranian languages	1,935	985	950	2.0	2.1	2.0	1,167,370	590,435	576,930	3.2	3.3	3.1
Indo-Aryan languages	1,895	965	930	2.0	2.0	1.9	962,820	490,815	472,000	2.6	2.7	2.5
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	215	110	110	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	20	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0	56,750	28,435	28,315	0.2	0.2	0.2
Gujarati	30	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	92,005	47,790	44,215	0.3	0.3	0.2
Hindi	110	60	45	0.1	0.1	0.1	91,930	47,555	44,375	0.3	0.3	0.2
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,055	1,310	1,750	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	270	130	140	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	880	415	470	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	7,460	3,800	3,660	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	16,835	8,595	8,235	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	795	420	375	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	525	275	250	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	270	145	130	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	1,650	830	820	1.7	1.7	1.7	520,390	266,775	253,610	1.4	1.5	1.4
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	410	195	215	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,110	1,060	1,050	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	9,665	4,775	4,890	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	75	40	40	0.1	0.1	0.1	158,040	78,420	79,615	0.4	0.4	0.4
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,015	1,040	975	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	35	20	15	0.0	0.0	0.0	204,420	99,545	104,875	0.6	0.6	0.6
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	330	170	155	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10,380	5,245	5,135	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	280	130	150	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	13,215	6,670	6,545	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	35	20	15	0.0	0.0	0.0	179,745	87,075	92,670	0.5	0.5	0.5
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	36,190	17,395	18,795	0.1	0.1	0.1
Iranian Persian	35	20	15	0.0	0.0	0.0	125,840	61,060	64,780	0.3	0.3	0.3
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	17,715	8,620	9,095	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	475	250	225	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	125	70	55	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	215	95	120	0.2	0.2	0.3	577,735	273,965	303,770	1.6	1.5	1.6
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	370	185	190	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	45	25	25	0.0	0.1	0.1	92,755	38,750	54,005	0.3	0.2	0.3
Portuguese	65	25	35	0.1	0.1	0.1	118,730	56,685	62,045	0.3	0.3	0.3
Romanian	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	48,090	23,135	24,955	0.1	0.1	0.1
Spanish	100	40	60	0.1	0.1	0.1	317,365	155,005	162,360	0.9	0.9	0.9
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	425	210	220	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	190	95	95	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	15	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	20,055	8,290	11,765	0.1	0.0	0.1
Korean	165	80	85	0.2	0.2	0.2	125,525	58,250	67,275	0.3	0.3	0.4
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,050	505	545	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	30	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0	38,600	18,055	20,545	0.1	0.1	0.1
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	6,000	2,755	3,240	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	560	280	280	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	365	150	215	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	470	225	245	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,315	665	650	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	260	115	150	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	555	260	295	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	105	50	55	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,530	770	765	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,720	1,205	1,520	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,520	655	860	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	90	35	60	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	70	30	35	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	160	85	75	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	295	130	160	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,780	1,760	2,025	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,035	480	555	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	235	145	85	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	130	45	85	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	7,055	3,290	3,765	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	290	130	160	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,945	1,040	910	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	5,395	2,505	2,890	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,720	1,250	1,470	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,155	1,555	1,600	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	900	485	420	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	645	295	355	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,465	705	760	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	140	75	70	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	25	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	12,160	7,005	5,160	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	20	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	8,175	4,660	3,515	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,475	830	645	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,520	1,515	1,000	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	315	150	165	0.3	0.3	0.3	967,965	450,210	517,755	2.6	2.5	2.8
Chinese languages	315	150	165	0.3	0.3	0.3	955,685	444,115	511,565	2.6	2.5	2.8
Hakka	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,625	1,645	1,985	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	175	85	90	0.2	0.2	0.2	530,945	249,675	281,270	1.4	1.4	1.5
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	775	370	405	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	15	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	13,945	6,255	7,685	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5,750	2,705	3,050	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	120	55	60	0.1	0.1	0.1	393,430	180,000	213,435	1.1	1.0	1.2
Chinese, n.o.s.	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	6,985	3,360	3,625	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	225	110	115	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	11,990	5,960	6,035	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,075	1,010	1,070	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	660	320	340	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,400	1,725	1,675	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,960	1,500	1,460	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	440	225	210	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5,395	2,680	2,705	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	465	225	240	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	290	135	155	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10,120	4,660	5,460	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5,955	2,850	3,105	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,955	1,725	2,230	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	210	85	125	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	32,490	16,530	15,960	0.1	0.1	0.1
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,200	1,095	1,105	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	105	55	50	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	27,970	14,290	13,685	0.1	0.1	0.1
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	850	420	435	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	950	470	480	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	410	195	210	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	30	15	20	0.0	0.0	0.0	18,790	8,625	10,165	0.1	0.0	0.1
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	615	245	370	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,880	825	1,050	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	16,295	7,550	8,745	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	390	195	195	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	1,375	640	735	1.4	1.3	1.5	1,563,345	758,295	805,045	4.3	4.2	4.3
English and French	90	40	45	0.1	0.1	0.1	230,955	112,070	118,880	0.6	0.6	0.6
English and non-official language(s)	1,240	580	660	1.3	1.2	1.4	1,123,355	546,255	577,095	3.1	3.0	3.1
French and non-official language(s)	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	125,525	60,405	65,125	0.3	0.3	0.4
English, French and non-official language(s)	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	56,805	27,370	29,430	0.2	0.2	0.2
Multiple non-official languages	30	15	20	0.0	0.0	0.0	26,705	12,190	14,515	0.1	0.1	0.1
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	95,795	48,005	47,795	100.0	100.0	100.0	36,620,955	18,063,870	18,557,085	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	89,930	45,245	44,685	93.9	94.3	93.5	31,053,450	15,366,470	15,686,980	84.8	85.1	84.5
English	1,605	825	785	1.7	1.7	1.6	1,956,965	969,380	987,580	5.3	5.4	5.3
French	555	240	315	0.6	0.5	0.7	571,040	268,530	302,510	1.6	1.5	1.6
Non-official language	2,965	1,360	1,610	3.1	2.8	3.4	2,248,130	1,071,870	1,176,260	6.1	5.9	6.3
Indigenous³⁹	160	55	100	0.2	0.1	0.2	63,565	29,285	34,280	0.2	0.2	0.2
Non-Indigenous	2,810	1,300	1,510	2.9	2.7	3.2	2,184,565	1,042,590	1,141,975	6.0	5.8	6.2
English and French	15	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	86,185	42,600	43,585	0.2	0.2	0.2
English and non-official language(s)	310	130	175	0.3	0.3	0.4	323,845	161,995	161,850	0.9	0.9	0.9
French and non-official language(s)	105	60	50	0.1	0.1	0.1	134,565	61,575	72,995	0.4	0.3	0.4
English, French and non-official language(s)	15	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	11,870	5,975	5,895	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	305	135	170	0.3	0.3	0.4	234,905	115,470	119,430	0.6	0.6	0.6
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	95,300	47,720	47,580	100.0	100.0	100.0	36,328,480	17,937,165	18,391,310	100.0	100.0	100.0
Official languages	94,900	47,570	47,330	99.6	99.7	99.5	35,644,660	17,656,300	17,988,360	98.1	98.4	97.8
English	94,890	47,565	47,315	99.6	99.7	99.4	31,628,570	15,769,105	15,859,470	87.1	87.9	86.2
French	4,630	2,015	2,615	4.9	4.2	5.5	10,563,235	5,115,365	5,447,875	29.1	28.5	29.6
Non-official languages	12,335	5,730	6,610	12.9	12.0	13.9	10,724,700	5,156,300	5,568,400	29.5	28.7	30.3
Indigenous languages³⁹	530	225	305	0.6	0.5	0.6	243,155	116,360	126,795	0.7	0.6	0.7
Algonquian languages	160	70	85	0.2	0.1	0.2	163,815	78,135	85,675	0.5	0.4	0.5
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	6,680	3,120	3,560	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	120	55	65	0.1	0.1	0.1	105,850	50,975	54,870	0.3	0.3	0.3
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	6,815	3,455	3,360	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	120	55	65	0.1	0.1	0.1	87,875	42,340	45,530	0.2	0.2	0.2
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	420	220	200	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	895	450	445	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	4,880	2,320	2,555	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	20	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0	4,675	2,025	2,645	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	35	10	25	0.0	0.0	0.1	12,005	5,440	6,555	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	5,110	2,460	2,650	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	50	30	20	0.1	0.1	0.0	61,000	29,930	31,070	0.2	0.2	0.2
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10,745	4,935	5,805	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,035	515	525	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10,035	4,770	5,260	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	9,245	4,370	4,880	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	820	420	400	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	35	15	25	0.0	0.0	0.1	42,865	20,015	22,850	0.1	0.1	0.1
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,950	895	1,060	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	15,305	7,450	7,855	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	35	15	25	0.0	0.0	0.1	26,160	11,930	14,235	0.1	0.1	0.1
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,035	875	1,165	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	215	80	135	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,625	1,670	1,955	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	20,720	9,495	11,225	0.1	0.1	0.1
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	165	100	65	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	305	115	190	0.3	0.2	0.4	20,390	9,635	10,755	0.1	0.1	0.1
Northern Athabaskan languages	305	115	190	0.3	0.2	0.4	20,135	9,515	10,620	0.1	0.1	0.1
Dakelh (Carrier)	240	80	155	0.3	0.2	0.3	1,550	680	870	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	270	125	145	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	11,560	5,470	6,085	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	295	115	180	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,330	1,140	1,190	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	775	355	420	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	415	195	215	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,210	620	590	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	480	265	220	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	245	130	115	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	235	140	100	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,140	1,080	1,060	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	20	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	135	40	95	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	870	400	470	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	175	75	100	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	320	120	190	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	135	50	85	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	140	50	85	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	50	25	25	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	30	20	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	290	140	150	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	150	75	75	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	110	55	55	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	245	90	155	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	42,795	20,980	21,820	0.1	0.1	0.1
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,140	505	630	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	795	365	430	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	350	145	205	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	41,680	20,495	21,185	0.1	0.1	0.1
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	70	30	40	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,055	880	1,175	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	230	95	135	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,605	655	950	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	210	105	110	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	65	35	25	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	215	90	120	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,905	850	1,050	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5,305	2,555	2,755	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,415	670	745	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	600	285	305	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	510	300	215	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,090	510	580	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	350	165	185	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	325	135	185	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	705	320	390	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	360	190	175	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,965	1,465	1,495	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	370	195	175	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,530	715	810	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	925	470	455	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	325	180	140	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,665	1,335	1,335	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,135	555	580	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,110	595	515	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	465	210	255	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,205	1,010	1,200	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	295	145	145	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	335	170	170	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	820	355	465	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	700	315	390	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	55	30	25	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	645	310	335	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	855	405	450	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	11,830	5,510	6,315	12.4	11.5	13.3	10,485,595	5,041,770	5,443,825	28.9	28.1	29.6
Afro-Asiatic languages	175	80	95	0.2	0.2	0.2	1,100,035	565,845	534,195	3.0	3.2	2.9
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	42,835	22,775	20,060	0.1	0.1	0.1
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	37,415	19,660	17,755	0.1	0.1	0.1
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	4,735	2,720	2,015	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,330	750	575	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	30	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0	7,090	3,740	3,350	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	30	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0	5,080	2,695	2,380	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,010	1,040	965	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,690	1,790	1,900	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	71,930	34,430	37,500	0.2	0.2	0.2
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,745	1,490	1,260	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	9,635	4,860	4,780	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	59,005	27,735	31,270	0.2	0.2	0.2
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,400	760	645	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	145	70	80	0.2	0.1	0.2	1,015,485	524,700	490,780	2.8	2.9	2.7
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	48,305	23,910	24,395	0.1	0.1	0.1
Arabic	110	55	45	0.1	0.1	0.1	838,045	436,510	401,540	2.3	2.4	2.2
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	39,655	19,690	19,965	0.1	0.1	0.1
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	23,865	11,765	12,100	0.1	0.1	0.1
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	13,285	6,625	6,655	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,195	1,625	1,570	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,000	925	1,075	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.0	83,205	42,515	40,685	0.2	0.2	0.2
Maltese	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	6,535	3,080	3,450	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	45,970	23,120	22,845	0.1	0.1	0.1
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,760	1,065	695	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	165	85	75	0.2	0.2	0.2	260,030	120,035	139,995	0.7	0.7	0.8
Khmer (Cambodian)	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	28,390	13,100	15,290	0.1	0.1	0.1
Vietnamese	160	85	75	0.2	0.2	0.2	232,800	107,435	125,355	0.6	0.6	0.7
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	910	455	455	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	1,195	425	770	1.3	0.9	1.6	793,275	336,445	456,840	2.2	1.9	2.5
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	4,260	1,975	2,275	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	55	20	35	0.1	0.0	0.1	10,990	4,625	6,375	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	120	30	90	0.1	0.1	0.2	33,045	13,790	19,250	0.1	0.1	0.1
Fijian	15	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,765	900	865	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	35	0	30	0.0	0.0	0.1	16,385	6,650	9,735	0.0	0.0	0.1
Ilocano	80	35	50	0.1	0.1	0.1	61,680	25,280	36,400	0.2	0.1	0.2
Indonesian	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	19,815	8,895	10,915	0.1	0.0	0.1
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,950	770	1,175	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	860	345	510	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,885	1,960	1,920	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,355	1,215	1,140	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,565	785	780	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10,770	4,995	5,775	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10,555	4,690	5,865	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	4,455	1,885	2,575	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	1,135	390	750	1.2	0.8	1.6	737,565	310,735	426,830	2.0	1.7	2.3
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	4,520	1,910	2,610	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	65	15	45	0.1	0.0	0.1	20,140	8,785	11,355	0.1	0.0	0.1
Creole languages	25	20	15	0.0	0.0	0.0	184,840	85,045	99,790	0.5	0.5	0.5
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	134,895	61,215	73,680	0.4	0.3	0.4
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	4,875	2,200	2,675	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,955	870	1,090	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	15,345	7,620	7,725	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,535	785	750	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	31,220	14,400	16,825	0.1	0.1	0.1
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	9,585	4,575	5,005	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	165	115	55	0.2	0.2	0.1	359,485	185,160	174,325	1.0	1.0	0.9
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	18,420	9,660	8,760	0.1	0.1	0.0
Malayalam	105	70	35	0.1	0.1	0.1	77,910	42,025	35,890	0.2	0.2	0.2
Tamil	40	25	15	0.0	0.1	0.0	237,890	119,570	118,320	0.7	0.7	0.6
Telugu	40	25	0	0.0	0.1	0.0	54,685	30,575	24,110	0.2	0.2	0.1
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,765	935	835	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	970	450	520	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,015	1,565	1,445	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	720	365	360	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	8,325	3,990	4,335	8.7	8.4	9.1	5,849,775	2,867,575	2,982,195	16.1	16.0	16.2
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	38,345	19,410	18,935	0.1	0.1	0.1
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	44,500	21,675	22,825	0.1	0.1	0.1
Balto-Slavic languages	1,160	565	595	1.2	1.2	1.3	820,305	384,390	435,915	2.3	2.1	2.4
Baltic languages	20	15	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	13,890	5,900	7,985	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	15	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	6,020	2,595	3,425	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	7,895	3,325	4,570	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	1,145	550	590	1.2	1.2	1.2	809,985	380,025	429,960	2.2	2.1	2.3
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,825	1,185	1,640	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	25	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	24,210	11,805	12,400	0.1	0.1	0.1
Czech	90	50	40	0.1	0.1	0.1	28,625	13,595	15,030	0.1	0.1	0.1
Macedonian	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	23,015	10,965	12,050	0.1	0.1	0.1
Polish	240	125	115	0.3	0.3	0.2	204,460	94,135	110,325	0.6	0.5	0.6
Russian	370	185	190	0.4	0.4	0.4	309,235	145,375	163,860	0.9	0.8	0.9
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	680	345	330	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	305	140	160	0.3	0.3	0.3	155,775	76,800	78,975	0.4	0.4	0.4
Bosnian	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	25,380	12,555	12,825	0.1	0.1	0.1
Croatian	235	105	130	0.2	0.2	0.3	73,845	36,015	37,830	0.2	0.2	0.2
Serbian	85	40	40	0.1	0.1	0.1	83,735	41,550	42,185	0.2	0.2	0.2
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,085	1,590	1,500	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	30	20	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	20,905	9,455	11,450	0.1	0.1	0.1
Slovene (Slovenian)	50	15	35	0.1	0.0	0.1	10,650	4,715	5,935	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	160	60	100	0.2	0.1	0.2	131,655	59,230	72,425	0.4	0.3	0.4
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	770	385	385	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	25	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0	10,485	5,430	5,055	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5,360	2,940	2,415	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	20	15	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,170	1,050	1,120	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,170	1,015	1,155	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	910	495	415	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	2,100	900	1,200	2.2	1.9	2.5	658,705	319,800	338,905	1.8	1.8	1.8
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,835	1,480	1,350	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	1,510	655	855	1.6	1.4	1.8	453,995	222,215	231,780	1.2	1.2	1.3
German	1,470	630	840	1.5	1.3	1.8	419,195	204,840	214,355	1.2	1.1	1.2
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10,565	5,260	5,305	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	50	30	25	0.1	0.1	0.1	10,465	5,025	5,440	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	20,155	10,105	10,045	0.1	0.1	0.1
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	445	180	265	0.5	0.4	0.6	191,840	93,435	98,405	0.5	0.5	0.5
Afrikaans	100	40	60	0.1	0.1	0.1	29,670	15,335	14,335	0.1	0.1	0.1
Dutch	245	100	145	0.3	0.2	0.3	107,985	51,330	56,650	0.3	0.3	0.3
Low German, n.o.s.	30	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0	10,555	5,245	5,315	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,310	640	670	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	55	25	30	0.1	0.1	0.1	41,165	20,590	20,575	0.1	0.1	0.1
Vlaams (Flemish)	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,985	1,825	2,155	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	205	105	105	0.2	0.2	0.2	37,500	17,205	20,300	0.1	0.1	0.1
Danish	95	50	40	0.1	0.1	0.1	14,700	6,805	7,900	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,475	685	790	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	45	20	20	0.0	0.0	0.0	8,860	4,180	4,675	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	65	25	45	0.1	0.1	0.1	14,620	6,765	7,855	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,275	720	555	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	115	45	70	0.1	0.1	0.1	145,060	71,685	73,375	0.4	0.4	0.4
Indo-Iranian languages	3,460	1,765	1,695	3.6	3.7	3.6	2,263,825	1,162,830	1,100,990	6.2	6.5	6.0
Indo-Aryan languages	3,340	1,695	1,635	3.5	3.6	3.4	1,918,570	989,350	929,220	5.3	5.5	5.1
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,155	590	565	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	45	10	30	0.0	0.0	0.1	120,605	62,330	58,270	0.3	0.3	0.3
Gujarati	110	70	40	0.1	0.1	0.1	209,415	110,000	99,405	0.6	0.6	0.5
Hindi	1,385	690	690	1.5	1.4	1.5	761,425	395,410	366,015	2.1	2.2	2.0
Kacchi	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	15,085	6,785	8,300	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,830	965	865	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	8,950	4,300	4,645	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	40	25	15	0.0	0.1	0.0	35,230	18,210	17,020	0.1	0.1	0.1
Nepali	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	30,660	15,680	14,980	0.1	0.1	0.1
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,235	1,665	1,570	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,710	925	785	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,550	755	795	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	2,755	1,395	1,350	2.9	2.9	2.8	942,170	488,075	454,090	2.6	2.7	2.5
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	765	345	420	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	8,385	4,480	3,910	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	33,050	16,645	16,400	0.1	0.1	0.1
Urdu	215	105	105	0.2	0.2	0.2	414,870	211,895	202,975	1.1	1.2	1.1
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	11,320	6,280	5,040	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	125	70	60	0.1	0.1	0.1	370,520	186,750	183,770	1.0	1.0	1.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	985	565	420	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	24,035	13,005	11,030	0.1	0.1	0.1
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,000	535	470	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	31,695	16,810	14,885	0.1	0.1	0.1
Persian languages	125	70	60	0.1	0.1	0.1	326,285	163,665	162,620	0.9	0.9	0.9
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	78,220	38,765	39,460	0.2	0.2	0.2
Iranian Persian	100	55	45	0.1	0.1	0.1	222,160	111,750	110,415	0.6	0.6	0.6
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	30,345	15,460	14,880	0.1	0.1	0.1
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,830	970	855	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,135	1,245	895	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	1,690	800	890	1.8	1.7	1.9	2,054,885	975,310	1,079,575	5.7	5.4	5.9
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,855	1,560	1,305	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	355	175	180	0.4	0.4	0.4	547,655	263,950	283,705	1.5	1.5	1.5
Portuguese	395	195	200	0.4	0.4	0.4	336,865	164,985	171,880	0.9	0.9	0.9
Romanian	30	20	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	116,520	55,570	60,950	0.3	0.3	0.3
Spanish	965	440	515	1.0	0.9	1.1	1,171,450	548,315	623,135	3.2	3.1	3.4
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	4,890	2,835	2,060	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,965	1,025	940	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	170	95	75	0.2	0.2	0.2	98,070	43,380	54,690	0.3	0.2	0.3
Korean	250	110	145	0.3	0.2	0.3	203,885	92,275	111,605	0.6	0.5	0.6
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,545	1,085	1,455	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	370	185	190	0.4	0.4	0.4	267,520	131,495	136,025	0.7	0.7	0.7
Akan (Twi)	30	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0	26,240	12,585	13,660	0.1	0.1	0.1
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	4,950	2,570	2,380	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	4,945	2,315	2,630	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	4,645	2,490	2,165	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	7,840	4,100	3,740	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,255	1,565	1,685	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	4,650	2,055	2,600	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,850	750	1,100	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	80	30	50	0.1	0.1	0.1	18,365	9,345	9,020	0.1	0.1	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	20	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	13,515	6,305	7,210	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	15	15	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	25,720	12,260	13,460	0.1	0.1	0.1
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,695	1,300	1,395	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,085	1,055	1,035	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,080	585	490	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,425	1,140	1,285	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	14,825	7,070	7,755	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	7,280	3,440	3,845	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,010	650	360	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,305	580	725	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	105	60	55	0.1	0.1	0.1	57,295	28,950	28,340	0.2	0.2	0.2
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,820	1,440	1,380	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	12,940	6,925	6,015	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	60	25	35	0.1	0.1	0.1	50,935	25,265	25,675	0.1	0.1	0.1
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	55	35	20	0.1	0.1	0.0	43,625	21,935	21,685	0.1	0.1	0.1
Nilo-Saharan languages	30	10	20	0.0	0.0	0.0	11,090	5,570	5,530	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,815	1,470	1,345	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,490	685	805	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	25	10	20	0.0	0.0	0.0	6,815	3,425	3,385	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,760	1,485	1,275	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	210	80	120	0.2	0.2	0.3	49,535	19,685	29,850	0.1	0.1	0.2
American Sign Language	180	65	115	0.2	0.1	0.2	37,620	14,430	23,195	0.1	0.1	0.1
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	6,195	2,525	3,670	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	35	30	0	0.0	0.1	0.0	7,450	3,515	3,940	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	755	355	395	0.8	0.7	0.8	1,550,930	721,520	829,410	4.3	4.0	4.5
Chinese languages	755	355	395	0.8	0.7	0.8	1,528,860	710,700	818,160	4.2	4.0	4.4
Hakka	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	14,830	6,845	7,980	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	475	225	255	0.5	0.5	0.5	987,300	452,995	534,305	2.7	2.5	2.9
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,825	840	980	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	60	40	20	0.1	0.1	0.0	51,755	22,840	28,920	0.1	0.1	0.2
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	13,660	6,060	7,600	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	280	140	140	0.3	0.3	0.3	724,925	335,185	389,740	2.0	1.9	2.1
Chinese, n.o.s.	45	20	25	0.0	0.0	0.1	11,720	5,695	6,020	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,185	560	625	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	22,300	10,955	11,345	0.1	0.1	0.1
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5,935	2,910	3,025	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,140	520	620	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5,705	2,790	2,915	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5,030	2,490	2,545	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	845	395	450	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	9,160	4,565	4,590	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,940	890	1,050	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,220	540	680	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	25	0	25	0.0	0.0	0.1	33,705	14,255	19,440	0.1	0.1	0.1
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	17,630	8,320	9,310	0.0	0.0	0.1
Thai	25	0	25	0.0	0.0	0.1	18,575	6,955	11,615	0.1	0.0	0.1
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	800	330	465	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	30	20	15	0.0	0.0	0.0	91,375	47,575	43,800	0.3	0.3	0.2
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	9,875	5,380	4,490	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,415	600	815	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	25	20	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	78,500	41,130	37,365	0.2	0.2	0.2
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,660	790	875	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,290	1,645	1,640	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,150	980	1,165	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	230	105	125	0.2	0.2	0.3	85,055	39,290	45,765	0.2	0.2	0.2
Estonian	20	15	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5,315	2,320	2,990	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	105	50	55	0.1	0.1	0.1	15,325	6,735	8,590	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	110	45	65	0.1	0.1	0.1	64,625	30,320	34,300	0.2	0.2	0.2
Other languages, n.i.e.	20	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	5,545	2,750	2,790	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	95,300	47,720	47,575	100.0	100.0	100.0	36,328,480	17,937,165	18,391,315	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	13,995	6,765	7,230	14.7	14.2	15.2	1,807,250	877,645	929,605	5.0	4.9	5.1
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	13,515	6,520	6,995	14.2	13.7	14.7	1,743,165	847,385	895,785	4.8	4.7	4.9
First Nations (North American Indian)	7,780	3,665	4,115	8.2	7.7	8.6	1,048,405	506,515	541,890	2.9	2.8	2.9
Métis	5,660	2,820	2,840	5.9	5.9	6.0	624,220	306,220	318,000	1.7	1.7	1.7
Inuk (Inuit)	75	35	35	0.1	0.1	0.1	70,540	34,645	35,895	0.2	0.2	0.2
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	285	150	135	0.3	0.3	0.3	28,855	13,645	15,215	0.1	0.1	0.1
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	200	95	100	0.2	0.2	0.2	35,225	16,620	18,610	0.1	0.1	0.1
Non-Indigenous identity	81,300	40,955	40,345	85.3	85.8	84.8	34,521,230	17,059,520	17,461,710	95.0	95.1	94.9
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	95,300	47,720	47,575	100.0	100.0	100.0	36,328,480	17,937,165	18,391,315	100.0	100.0	100.0
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	5,795	2,755	3,040	6.1	5.8	6.4	831,720	402,310	429,405	2.3	2.2	2.3
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	89,500	44,965	44,535	93.9	94.2	93.6	35,496,755	17,534,850	17,961,905	97.7	97.8	97.7
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	40,225	...	...	100.0	...	...	14,978,940	...	...	100.0	...	...
Owner	28,890	...	...	71.8	...	...	9,955,975	...	...	66.5	...	...
Renter	11,260	...	...	28.0	...	...	4,953,840	...	...	33.1	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	75	...	...	0.2	...	...	69,130	...	...	0.5	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	40,225	...	...	100.0	...	...	14,978,940	...	...	100.0	...	...
Condominium	2,560	...	...	6.4	...	...	2,248,280	...	...	15.0	...	...
Not condominium	37,665	...	...	93.6	...	...	12,730,660	...	...	85.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	40,225	...	...	100.0	...	...	14,978,940	...	...	100.0	...	...
No bedrooms	240	...	...	0.6	...	...	132,060	...	...	0.9	...	...
1 bedroom	3,245	...	...	8.1	...	...	2,124,485	...	...	14.2	...	...
2 bedrooms	8,735	...	...	21.7	...	...	3,829,965	...	...	25.6	...	...
3 bedrooms	12,855	...	...	32.0	...	...	4,982,900	...	...	33.3	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	15,150	...	...	37.7	...	...	3,909,525	...	...	26.1	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	40,225	...	...	100.0	...	...	14,978,940	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	8,855	...	...	22.0	...	...	4,662,125	...	...	31.1	...	...
5 rooms	5,905	...	...	14.7	...	...	2,323,910	...	...	15.5	...	...
6 rooms	5,620	...	...	14.0	...	...	2,037,185	...	...	13.6	...	...
7 rooms	4,965	...	...	12.3	...	...	1,796,855	...	...	12.0	...	...
8 or more rooms	14,875	...	...	37.0	...	...	4,158,855	...	...	27.8	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.8	...	...	6.8	...	...	6.1	...	...	6.1	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	40,225	...	...	100.0	...	...	14,978,940	...	...	100.0	...	...
One person or fewer per room	39,840	...	...	99.0	...	...	14,625,230	...	...	97.6	...	...
More than one person per room	385	...	...	1.0	...	...	353,715	...	...	2.4	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	40,225	...	...	100.0	...	...	14,978,940	...	...	100.0	...	...
Suitable	38,870	...	...	96.6	...	...	14,173,290	...	...	94.6	...	...
Not suitable	1,350	...	...	3.4	...	...	805,650	...	...	5.4	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	40,225	...	...	100.0	...	...	14,978,940	...	...	100.0	...	...
1960 or before	3,925	...	...	9.8	...	...	3,027,045	...	...	20.2	...	...
1961 to 1980	20,105	...	...	50.0	...	...	4,171,840	...	...	27.9	...	...
1981 to 1990	4,750	...	...	11.8	...	...	1,982,515	...	...	13.2	...	...
1991 to 2000	5,955	...	...	14.8	...	...	1,805,985	...	...	12.1	...	...
2001 to 2005	1,160	...	...	2.9	...	...	959,860	...	...	6.4	...	...
2006 to 2010	1,535	...	...	3.8	...	...	1,034,925	...	...	6.9	...	...
2011 to 2015	1,075	...	...	2.7	...	...	967,540	...	...	6.5	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	1,720	...	...	4.3	...	...	1,029,220	...	...	6.9	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	40,225	...	...	100.0	...	...	14,978,940	...	...	100.0	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	37,490	...	...	93.2	...	...	14,059,395	...	...	93.9	...	...
Major repairs needed	2,735	...	...	6.8	...	...	919,545	...	...	6.1	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	40,225	...	...	100.0	...	...	14,978,940	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-maintainer household	20,425	...	...	50.8	...	...	7,659,700	...	...	51.1	...	...
Two-maintainer household	17,795	...	...	44.2	...	...	6,631,755	...	...	44.3	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	2,000	...	...	5.0	...	...	687,485	...	...	4.6	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	40,225	...	...	100.0	...	...	14,978,940	...	...	100.0	...	...
15 to 24 years	1,590	...	...	4.0	...	...	424,695	...	...	2.8	...	...
25 to 34 years	6,435	...	...	16.0	...	...	2,077,895	...	...	13.9	...	...
35 to 44 years	6,840	...	...	17.0	...	...	2,600,000	...	...	17.4	...	...
45 to 54 years	7,110	...	...	17.7	...	...	2,646,945	...	...	17.7	...	...
55 to 64 years	8,130	...	...	20.2	...	...	3,046,560	...	...	20.3	...	...
65 to 74 years	6,285	...	...	15.6	...	...	2,432,140	...	...	16.2	...	...
75 to 84 years	3,005	...	...	7.5	...	...	1,292,805	...	...	8.6	...	...
85 years and over	830	...	...	2.1	...	...	457,900	...	...	3.1	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	39,785	...	...	100.0	...	...	14,687,350	...	...	100.0	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	33,930	...	...	85.3	...	...	11,612,640	...	...	79.1	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	5,850	...	...	14.7	...	...	3,074,715	...	...	20.9	...	...
30% to less than 100%	5,315	...	...	13.4	...	...	2,742,920	...	...	18.7	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	40,225	...	...	100.0	...	...	14,978,940	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	9,135	...	...	22.7	...	...	4,379,420	...	...	29.2	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	5,190	...	...	12.9	...	...	2,728,995	...	...	18.2	...	...
Not suitable only	1,095	...	...	2.7	...	...	595,110	...	...	4.0	...	...
Major repairs needed only	2,060	...	...	5.1	...	...	645,465	...	...	4.3	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	110	...	...	0.3	...	...	135,770	...	...	0.9	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	525	...	...	1.3	...	...	199,355	...	...	1.3	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	130	...	...	0.3	...	...	64,095	...	...	0.4	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	15	...	...	0.0	...	...	10,630	...	...	0.1	...	...
Acceptable housing	31,090	...	...	77.3	...	...	10,599,520	...	...	70.8	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	39,245	...	...	100.0	...	...	14,355,555	...	...	100.0	...	...
In core need	2,715	...	...	6.9	...	...	1,451,025	...	...	10.1	...	...
Not in core need	36,530	...	...	93.1	...	...	12,904,530	...	...	89.9	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	28,630	...	...	...	...	...	9,807,720	...	...	...	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	62.0	...	...	62.0	...	...	60.0	...	...	60.0	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	9.3	...	...	9.3	...	...	14.8	...	...	14.8	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	3.0	...	...	3.0	...	...	5.3	...	...	5.3	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,170	...	...	1,170	...	...	1,240	...	...	1,240	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,276	...	...	1,276	...	...	1,498	...	...	1,498	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	396,000	...	...	396,000	...	...	472,000	...	...	472,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	400,800	...	...	400,800	...	...	618,500	...	...	618,500	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	11,245	...	...	...	...	...	4,936,850	...	...	...	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	11.5	...	...	11.5	...	...	11.7	...	...	11.7	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	28.5	...	...	28.5	...	...	33.2	...	...	33.2	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	17.2	...	...	17.2	...	...	20.0	...	...	20.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,010	...	...	1,010	...	...	1,070	...	...	1,070	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,070	...	...	1,070	...	...	1,209	...	...	1,209	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	75	...	...	...	...	...	69,130	...	...	...	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	0.0	...	...	0.0	...	...	5.9	...	...	5.9	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	372	...	...	372	...	...	284	...	...	284	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	400	...	...	400	...	...	327	...	...	327	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	95,295	47,720	47,575	100.0	100.0	100.0	36,328,475	17,937,165	18,391,315	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	5,955	2,925	3,035	6.2	6.1	6.4	985,200	480,950	504,245	2.7	2.7	2.7
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	5,870	2,885	2,980	6.2	6.0	6.3	963,705	470,850	492,855	2.7	2.6	2.7
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	4,615	2,210	2,400	4.8	4.6	5.0	763,230	371,400	391,825	2.1	2.1	2.1
Métis single ancestry	1,250	670	580	1.3	1.4	1.2	146,010	72,680	73,325	0.4	0.4	0.4
Inuit single ancestry	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	54,475	26,770	27,700	0.1	0.1	0.2
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	85	35	55	0.1	0.1	0.1	21,490	10,095	11,395	0.1	0.1	0.1
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	85	35	55	0.1	0.1	0.1	17,665	8,215	9,450	0.0	0.0	0.1
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,430	1,185	1,250	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,070	530	535	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	320	165	155	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	8,610	4,030	4,575	9.0	8.4	9.6	1,219,285	585,590	633,690	3.4	3.3	3.4
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	8,175	3,820	4,355	8.6	8.0	9.2	1,183,350	568,980	614,365	3.3	3.2	3.3
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	5,265	2,415	2,845	5.5	5.1	6.0	801,630	384,550	417,075	2.2	2.1	2.3
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	2,860	1,370	1,490	3.0	2.9	3.1	362,130	174,975	187,150	1.0	1.0	1.0
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	50	30	20	0.1	0.1	0.0	19,595	9,450	10,150	0.1	0.1	0.1
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	430	215	215	0.5	0.5	0.5	35,930	16,605	19,320	0.1	0.1	0.1
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	425	215	210	0.4	0.5	0.4	31,815	14,790	17,025	0.1	0.1	0.1
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,785	1,190	1,595	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,005	500	505	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	330	125	210	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	80,735	40,765	39,965	84.7	85.4	84.0	34,124,000	16,870,625	17,253,375	93.9	94.1	93.8
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	95,295	47,720	47,580	100.0	100.0	100.0	36,328,475	17,937,165	18,391,310	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	90,680	45,475	45,205	95.2	95.3	95.0	33,143,225	16,360,910	16,782,315	91.2	91.2	91.3
Canadian citizens aged under 18	19,085	9,765	9,320	20.0	20.5	19.6	6,784,875	3,486,545	3,298,330	18.7	19.4	17.9
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	71,590	35,705	35,885	75.1	74.8	75.4	26,358,355	12,874,365	13,483,990	72.6	71.8	73.3
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	4,620	2,245	2,370	4.8	4.7	5.0	3,185,250	1,576,255	1,608,995	8.8	8.8	8.7
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	95,295	47,720	47,580	100.0	100.0	100.0	36,328,475	17,937,165	18,391,310	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	84,235	42,455	41,780	88.4	89.0	87.8	27,042,120	13,461,515	13,580,610	74.4	75.0	73.8
Immigrants⁸¹	9,245	4,315	4,930	9.7	9.0	10.4	8,361,505	3,976,160	4,385,340	23.0	22.2	23.8
Before 1980	3,355	1,640	1,715	3.5	3.4	3.6	1,540,610	731,340	809,265	4.2	4.1	4.4
1980 to 1990	985	425	560	1.0	0.9	1.2	924,320	443,805	480,520	2.5	2.5	2.6
1991 to 2000	1,110	475	630	1.2	1.0	1.3	1,511,475	708,315	803,165	4.2	3.9	4.4
2001 to 2010	1,215	545	670	1.3	1.1	1.4	1,930,525	911,190	1,019,340	5.3	5.1	5.5
2011 to 2021⁸²	2,580	1,230	1,350	2.7	2.6	2.8	2,454,570	1,181,515	1,273,055	6.8	6.6	6.9
2011 to 2015	1,030	445	585	1.1	0.9	1.2	1,126,330	536,615	589,715	3.1	3.0	3.2
2016 to 2021	1,550	780	765	1.6	1.6	1.6	1,328,240	644,900	683,335	3.7	3.6	3.7
Non-permanent residents⁸³	1,820	950	865	1.9	2.0	1.8	924,850	499,490	425,365	2.5	2.8	2.3
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	9,245	4,315	4,930	100.0	100.0	100.0	8,361,505	3,976,160	4,385,345	100.0	100.0	100.0
Under 5 years	1,105	550	550	12.0	12.7	11.2	748,265	377,795	370,470	8.9	9.5	8.4
5 to 14 years	1,665	835	830	18.0	19.4	16.8	1,438,440	730,675	707,765	17.2	18.4	16.1
15 to 24 years	2,100	970	1,125	22.7	22.5	22.8	1,594,290	720,630	873,660	19.1	18.1	19.9
25 to 44 years	3,750	1,690	2,065	40.6	39.2	41.9	3,783,335	1,782,805	2,000,525	45.2	44.8	45.6
45 years and over	630	275	360	6.8	6.4	7.3	797,180	364,260	432,920	9.5	9.2	9.9
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	9,245	4,315	4,930	100.0	100.0	100.0	8,361,505	3,976,160	4,385,345	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	1,345	660	680	14.5	15.3	13.8	1,203,180	546,325	656,855	14.4	13.7	15.0
Brazil	40	25	15	0.4	0.6	0.3	48,450	22,405	26,050	0.6	0.6	0.6
Colombia	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2	80,570	36,675	43,900	1.0	0.9	1.0
El Salvador	30	15	10	0.3	0.3	0.2	49,450	24,430	25,015	0.6	0.6	0.6
Guyana	25	15	10	0.3	0.3	0.2	85,530	37,870	47,660	1.0	1.0	1.1
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	99,945	44,585	55,360	1.2	1.1	1.3
Jamaica	90	55	40	1.0	1.3	0.8	145,360	63,430	81,925	1.7	1.6	1.9
Mexico	50	20	25	0.5	0.5	0.5	90,585	42,215	48,370	1.1	1.1	1.1
Peru	20	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.2	31,420	13,925	17,490	0.4	0.4	0.4
Trinidad and Tobago	30	20	10	0.3	0.5	0.2	65,035	29,110	35,930	0.8	0.7	0.8
United States of America	895	430	470	9.7	10.0	9.5	256,090	115,380	140,705	3.1	2.9	3.2
Other places of birth in Americas	140	55	85	1.5	1.3	1.7	250,760	116,305	134,460	3.0	2.9	3.1
Europe	3,585	1,730	1,855	38.8	40.1	37.6	1,967,620	955,840	1,011,785	23.5	24.0	23.1
Bosnia and Herzegovina	35	15	15	0.4	0.3	0.3	35,925	17,705	18,220	0.4	0.4	0.4
Croatia	155	80	70	1.7	1.9	1.4	36,675	18,115	18,560	0.4	0.5	0.4
France	35	15	20	0.4	0.3	0.4	121,525	63,845	57,685	1.5	1.6	1.3
Germany	575	225	345	6.2	5.2	7.0	126,470	60,560	65,915	1.5	1.5	1.5
Greece	25	15	15	0.3	0.3	0.3	54,715	27,050	27,665	0.7	0.7	0.6
Hungary	60	25	35	0.6	0.6	0.7	31,050	14,595	16,450	0.4	0.4	0.4
Italy	115	70	50	1.2	1.6	1.0	204,065	101,445	102,625	2.4	2.6	2.3
Netherlands	255	115	135	2.8	2.7	2.7	75,830	39,020	36,810	0.9	1.0	0.8
Poland	240	125	115	2.6	2.9	2.3	135,030	60,660	74,370	1.6	1.5	1.7
Portugal	180	85	95	1.9	2.0	1.9	128,795	62,880	65,910	1.5	1.6	1.5
Romania	40	25	20	0.4	0.6	0.4	86,770	40,820	45,955	1.0	1.0	1.0
Russian Federation	55	30	20	0.6	0.7	0.4	81,840	35,185	46,650	1.0	0.9	1.1
Serbia⁸⁶	15	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.3	31,925	15,480	16,450	0.4	0.4	0.4
Ukraine	85	20	60	0.9	0.5	1.2	81,135	36,840	44,295	1.0	0.9	1.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	1,035	535	500	11.2	12.4	10.1	464,135	229,710	234,430	5.6	5.8	5.3
Other places of birth in Europe	690	350	345	7.5	8.1	7.0	271,725	131,935	139,790	3.2	3.3	3.2
Africa	600	290	315	6.5	6.7	6.4	821,735	412,365	409,375	9.8	10.4	9.3
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	79,660	41,065	38,600	1.0	1.0	0.9
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	25	15	10	0.3	0.3	0.2	33,110	15,775	17,340	0.4	0.4	0.4
Egypt	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0	73,710	38,730	34,980	0.9	1.0	0.8
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	31,385	16,575	14,815	0.4	0.4	0.3
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	41,715	19,955	21,760	0.5	0.5	0.5
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	81,775	41,085	40,685	1.0	1.0	0.9
Nigeria	165	80	85	1.8	1.9	1.7	81,290	41,665	39,620	1.0	1.0	0.9
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	32,500	14,600	17,900	0.4	0.4	0.4
South Africa, Republic of	125	55	70	1.4	1.3	1.4	51,590	25,740	25,855	0.6	0.6	0.6
Other places of birth in Africa	270	130	140	2.9	3.0	2.8	314,995	157,170	157,825	3.8	4.0	3.6
Asia	3,510	1,520	1,990	38.0	35.2	40.4	4,307,000	2,030,575	2,276,420	51.5	51.1	51.9
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	62,450	30,940	31,515	0.7	0.8	0.7
Iran⁸⁸	80	40	40	0.9	0.9	0.8	182,940	92,300	90,645	2.2	2.3	2.1
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	84,130	42,660	41,465	1.0	1.1	0.9
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	95,725	50,675	45,055	1.1	1.3	1.0
Syria⁸⁹	25	15	15	0.3	0.3	0.3	97,590	49,855	47,735	1.2	1.3	1.1
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	35,270	18,835	16,435	0.4	0.5	0.4
China⁹⁰	285	120	160	3.1	2.8	3.2	715,835	317,970	397,860	8.6	8.0	9.1
Hong Kong⁹¹	70	35	35	0.8	0.8	0.7	213,855	100,480	113,375	2.6	2.5	2.6
Korea, South⁹²	130	55	75	1.4	1.3	1.5	138,355	63,025	75,325	1.7	1.6	1.7
Taiwan	60	25	35	0.6	0.6	0.7	65,365	28,725	36,635	0.8	0.7	0.8
Philippines	1,040	340	700	11.2	7.9	14.2	719,580	305,115	414,460	8.6	7.7	9.5
Viet Nam	90	30	60	1.0	0.7	1.2	182,095	82,670	99,425	2.2	2.1	2.3
Bangladesh	35	0	25	0.4	0.0	0.5	70,090	35,675	34,415	0.8	0.9	0.8
India	1,360	680	680	14.7	15.8	13.8	898,050	451,120	446,930	10.7	11.3	10.2
Pakistan	100	60	45	1.1	1.4	0.9	234,105	118,390	115,715	2.8	3.0	2.6
Sri Lanka	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2	136,240	66,215	70,030	1.6	1.7	1.6
Other places of birth in Asia	215	100	110	2.3	2.3	2.2	375,340	175,930	199,410	4.5	4.4	4.5
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	205	115	90	2.2	2.7	1.8	61,965	31,055	30,910	0.7	0.8	0.7
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	1,550	780	765	100.0	100.0	100.0	1,328,240	644,900	683,340	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	195	110	85	12.6	14.1	11.1	154,490	74,275	80,215	11.6	11.5	11.7
Brazil	15	10	0	1.0	1.3	0.0	19,895	9,340	10,560	1.5	1.4	1.5
Colombia	20	10	0	1.3	1.3	0.0	11,455	5,090	6,365	0.9	0.8	0.9
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10,550	5,155	5,400	0.8	0.8	0.8
Jamaica	40	25	20	2.6	3.2	2.6	15,155	7,740	7,420	1.1	1.2	1.1
Mexico	20	15	10	1.3	1.9	1.3	17,150	8,405	8,745	1.3	1.3	1.3
United States of America	75	35	40	4.8	4.5	5.2	39,875	19,790	20,085	3.0	3.1	2.9
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	7,060	2,980	4,075	0.5	0.5	0.6
Other places of birth in Americas	20	10	10	1.3	1.3	1.3	33,350	15,785	17,570	2.5	2.4	2.6
Europe	165	80	85	10.6	10.3	11.1	134,425	69,310	65,120	10.1	10.7	9.5
France	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	27,175	14,560	12,610	2.0	2.3	1.8
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5,365	2,660	2,705	0.4	0.4	0.4
Ireland⁹⁶	15	15	0	1.0	1.9	0.0	6,355	4,000	2,350	0.5	0.6	0.3
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	4,240	2,470	1,770	0.3	0.4	0.3
Russian Federation	10	0	0	0.6	0.0	0.0	10,905	4,335	6,570	0.8	0.7	1.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	14,515	6,570	7,945	1.1	1.0	1.2
United Kingdom⁸⁷	50	30	25	3.2	3.8	3.3	22,755	13,550	9,200	1.7	2.1	1.3
Other places of birth in Europe	70	20	50	4.5	2.6	6.5	43,120	21,160	21,960	3.2	3.3	3.2
Africa	200	85	115	12.9	10.9	15.0	206,965	102,875	104,090	15.6	16.0	15.2
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	15,745	7,530	8,220	1.2	1.2	1.2
Burundi	10	0	0	0.6	0.0	0.0	4,935	2,420	2,510	0.4	0.4	0.4
Cameroon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	11,795	5,545	6,250	0.9	0.9	0.9
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	8,915	4,200	4,720	0.7	0.7	0.7
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	7,915	3,795	4,125	0.6	0.6	0.6
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	12,120	6,285	5,835	0.9	1.0	0.9
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	16,330	8,755	7,575	1.2	1.4	1.1
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	9,385	4,415	4,970	0.7	0.7	0.7
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	12,835	6,025	6,810	1.0	0.9	1.0
Nigeria	105	45	60	6.8	5.8	7.8	40,360	20,575	19,780	3.0	3.2	2.9
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	6,315	3,240	3,075	0.5	0.5	0.4
South Africa, Republic of	25	10	15	1.6	1.3	2.0	8,510	4,290	4,220	0.6	0.7	0.6
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	4,690	2,375	2,315	0.4	0.4	0.3
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	8,155	4,185	3,975	0.6	0.6	0.6
Other places of birth in Africa	45	25	25	2.9	3.2	3.3	38,960	19,250	19,715	2.9	3.0	2.9
Asia	970	490	475	62.6	62.8	62.1	823,205	393,110	430,090	62.0	61.0	62.9
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	12,730	6,290	6,440	1.0	1.0	0.9
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	13,185	6,670	6,515	1.0	1.0	1.0
China⁹⁰	35	10	20	2.3	1.3	2.6	118,035	50,365	67,665	8.9	7.8	9.9
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	6,495	2,880	3,620	0.5	0.4	0.5
India	530	290	240	34.2	37.2	31.4	246,995	128,205	118,790	18.6	19.9	17.4
Iran⁸⁸	30	15	15	1.9	1.9	2.0	25,650	12,310	13,340	1.9	1.9	2.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	17,715	8,835	8,875	1.3	1.4	1.3
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	4,850	2,565	2,290	0.4	0.4	0.3
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	4,445	1,035	3,410	0.3	0.2	0.5
Jordan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	4,635	2,375	2,260	0.3	0.4	0.3
Korea, South⁹²	40	20	15	2.6	2.6	2.0	20,985	8,790	12,200	1.6	1.4	1.8
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	9,980	5,120	4,860	0.8	0.8	0.7
Nepal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	4,890	2,475	2,415	0.4	0.4	0.4
Pakistan	50	25	30	3.2	3.2	3.9	36,255	18,070	18,190	2.7	2.8	2.7
Philippines	205	80	120	13.2	10.3	15.7	151,490	66,720	84,765	11.4	10.3	12.4
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	9,560	5,195	4,365	0.7	0.8	0.6
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	8,480	4,010	4,465	0.6	0.6	0.7
Syria⁸⁹	30	15	10	1.9	1.9	1.3	63,130	32,725	30,410	4.8	5.1	4.5
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10,150	5,520	4,635	0.8	0.9	0.7
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	8,405	4,325	4,085	0.6	0.7	0.6
Viet Nam	15	0	0	1.0	0.0	0.0	14,725	5,605	9,125	1.1	0.9	1.3
Other places of birth in Asia	15	0	10	1.0	0.0	1.3	30,410	13,035	17,375	2.3	2.0	2.5
Oceania and other⁹³	25	15	0	1.6	1.9	0.0	9,160	5,335	3,825	0.7	0.8	0.6
Australia	25	15	0	1.6	1.9	0.0	6,535	3,845	2,685	0.5	0.6	0.4
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,625	1,490	1,135	0.2	0.2	0.2
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	95,300	47,720	47,575	100.0	100.0	100.0	36,328,480	17,937,165	18,391,315	100.0	100.0	100.0
First generation¹⁰⁰	11,655	5,565	6,090	12.2	11.7	12.8	9,606,595	4,631,905	4,974,690	26.4	25.8	27.0
Second generation¹⁰¹	14,925	7,360	7,565	15.7	15.4	15.9	6,393,310	3,207,980	3,185,330	17.6	17.9	17.3
Third generation or more¹⁰²	68,720	34,800	33,920	72.1	72.9	71.3	20,328,565	10,097,280	10,231,290	56.0	56.3	55.6
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	5,890	2,675	3,210	100.0	100.0	100.0	6,820,895	3,244,820	3,576,075	100.0	100.0	100.0
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	3,485	1,685	1,800	59.2	63.0	56.1	3,673,705	1,837,625	1,836,090	53.9	56.6	51.3
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	1,575	885	685	26.7	33.1	21.3	1,556,675	935,790	620,885	22.8	28.8	17.4
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	1,910	795	1,110	32.4	29.7	34.6	2,117,030	901,835	1,215,200	31.0	27.8	34.0
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	2,045	795	1,250	34.7	29.7	38.9	2,016,010	821,325	1,194,685	29.6	25.3	33.4
Refugees¹⁰⁸	345	185	160	5.9	6.9	5.0	1,039,275	543,725	495,550	15.2	16.8	13.9
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	15	10	10	0.3	0.4	0.3	91,900	42,145	49,755	1.3	1.3	1.4
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	5,890	2,675	3,210	100.0	100.0	100.0	6,820,895	3,244,820	3,576,075	100.0	100.0	100.0
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	90	45	45	1.5	1.7	1.4	416,105	222,895	193,205	6.1	6.9	5.4
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	1,085	485	600	18.4	18.1	18.7	705,405	324,370	381,035	10.3	10.0	10.7
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	255	120	135	4.3	4.5	4.2	183,250	92,135	91,110	2.7	2.8	2.5
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	665	360	305	11.3	13.5	9.5	377,130	188,535	188,590	5.5	5.8	5.3
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	50	15	35	0.8	0.6	1.1	39,540	15,685	23,855	0.6	0.5	0.7
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	3,750	1,650	2,100	63.7	61.7	65.4	5,099,470	2,401,190	2,698,280	74.8	74.0	75.5
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	95,300	47,720	47,575	100.0	100.0	100.0	36,328,480	17,937,165	18,391,315	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	9,505	4,565	4,940	10.0	9.6	10.4	9,639,205	4,712,790	4,926,415	26.5	26.3	26.8
South Asian	4,060	2,090	1,975	4.3	4.4	4.2	2,571,400	1,324,120	1,247,275	7.1	7.4	6.8
Chinese	995	465	530	1.0	1.0	1.1	1,715,770	808,745	907,035	4.7	4.5	4.9
Black	1,170	580	590	1.2	1.2	1.2	1,547,870	754,100	793,765	4.3	4.2	4.3
Filipino	1,600	630	970	1.7	1.3	2.0	957,355	427,755	529,600	2.6	2.4	2.9
Arab	120	70	55	0.1	0.1	0.1	694,015	362,845	331,170	1.9	2.0	1.8
Latin American	265	110	155	0.3	0.2	0.3	580,235	281,030	299,200	1.6	1.6	1.6
Southeast Asian	250	135	120	0.3	0.3	0.3	390,340	184,120	206,220	1.1	1.0	1.1
West Asian	130	65	65	0.1	0.1	0.1	360,495	181,795	178,695	1.0	1.0	1.0
Korean	265	120	145	0.3	0.3	0.3	218,140	101,855	116,285	0.6	0.6	0.6
Japanese	305	165	140	0.3	0.3	0.3	98,890	42,315	56,575	0.3	0.2	0.3
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	90	45	45	0.1	0.1	0.1	172,885	83,310	89,580	0.5	0.5	0.5
Multiple visible minorities	245	95	150	0.3	0.2	0.3	331,805	160,790	171,010	0.9	0.9	0.9
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	85,795	43,160	42,635	90.0	90.4	89.6	26,689,275	13,224,375	13,464,900	73.5	73.7	73.2
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	95,295	47,720	47,580	100.0	100.0	100.0	36,328,475	17,937,165	18,391,310	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian	13,660	7,095	6,570	14.3	14.9	13.8	5,677,205	2,836,675	2,840,530	15.6	15.8	15.4
English	24,110	11,675	12,430	25.3	24.5	26.1	5,322,830	2,600,245	2,722,580	14.7	14.5	14.8
Irish	15,930	7,605	8,330	16.7	15.9	17.5	4,413,120	2,102,610	2,310,505	12.1	11.7	12.6
Scottish	18,600	9,045	9,555	19.5	19.0	20.1	4,392,200	2,131,620	2,260,580	12.1	11.9	12.3
French, n.o.s.¹²²	10,725	5,230	5,495	11.3	11.0	11.5	3,985,945	1,964,695	2,021,250	11.0	11.0	11.0
German	16,770	8,130	8,640	17.6	17.0	18.2	2,955,695	1,449,465	1,506,230	8.1	8.1	8.2
Chinese	1,145	485	660	1.2	1.0	1.4	1,713,870	806,365	907,500	4.7	4.5	4.9
Italian	2,960	1,495	1,465	3.1	3.1	3.1	1,546,390	774,250	772,140	4.3	4.3	4.2
Indian (India)	2,310	1,180	1,130	2.4	2.5	2.4	1,347,715	691,535	656,185	3.7	3.9	3.6
Ukrainian	5,820	2,890	2,930	6.1	6.1	6.2	1,258,635	612,455	646,175	3.5	3.4	3.5
Dutch	4,140	2,005	2,135	4.3	4.2	4.5	988,585	489,045	499,545	2.7	2.7	2.7
Polish	3,230	1,510	1,725	3.4	3.2	3.6	982,820	472,290	510,525	2.7	2.6	2.8
Québécois	80	40	40	0.1	0.1	0.1	981,635	490,130	491,510	2.7	2.7	2.7
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	3,210	1,595	1,615	3.4	3.3	3.4	938,950	462,420	476,530	2.6	2.6	2.6
Filipino	1,670	650	1,025	1.8	1.4	2.2	925,490	414,915	510,570	2.5	2.3	2.8
French Canadian	1,145	595	550	1.2	1.2	1.2	906,315	441,610	464,705	2.5	2.5	2.5
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	2,435	1,280	1,155	2.6	2.7	2.4	691,260	347,080	344,175	1.9	1.9	1.9
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	4,185	1,970	2,220	4.4	4.1	4.7	632,340	304,220	328,120	1.7	1.7	1.8
Métis	4,625	2,290	2,330	4.9	4.8	4.9	560,335	271,985	288,350	1.5	1.5	1.6
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	2,320	1,175	1,145	2.4	2.5	2.4	551,910	278,060	273,850	1.5	1.6	1.5
Russian	2,650	1,190	1,460	2.8	2.5	3.1	548,140	260,075	288,065	1.5	1.4	1.6
Norwegian	4,855	2,470	2,385	5.1	5.2	5.0	466,500	224,290	242,210	1.3	1.3	1.3
Welsh	2,420	1,070	1,345	2.5	2.2	2.8	455,720	216,490	239,230	1.3	1.2	1.3
Portuguese	985	475	515	1.0	1.0	1.1	448,305	222,770	225,535	1.2	1.2	1.2
American	1,940	940	1,005	2.0	2.0	2.1	353,495	172,240	181,255	1.0	1.0	1.0
Spanish	630	250	385	0.7	0.5	0.8	342,040	160,475	181,570	0.9	0.9	1.0
Swedish	3,585	1,645	1,940	3.8	3.4	4.1	334,505	156,840	177,665	0.9	0.9	1.0
Hungarian	1,185	590	595	1.2	1.2	1.3	320,150	155,755	164,395	0.9	0.9	0.9
Acadian	180	90	95	0.2	0.2	0.2	305,170	145,500	159,675	0.8	0.8	0.9
Pakistani	190	105	85	0.2	0.2	0.2	303,260	154,435	148,825	0.8	0.9	0.8
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	405	210	200	0.4	0.4	0.4	301,955	148,335	153,625	0.8	0.8	0.8
Jewish	210	105	100	0.2	0.2	0.2	282,015	141,530	140,490	0.8	0.8	0.8
Punjabi	905	490	405	0.9	1.0	0.9	279,950	145,620	134,330	0.8	0.8	0.7
Vietnamese	215	115	95	0.2	0.2	0.2	275,530	131,075	144,445	0.8	0.7	0.8
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	75	50	25	0.1	0.1	0.1	263,710	138,210	125,500	0.7	0.8	0.7
Greek	335	150	185	0.4	0.3	0.4	262,140	132,975	129,160	0.7	0.7	0.7
Jamaican	100	60	40	0.1	0.1	0.1	249,070	119,265	129,805	0.7	0.7	0.7
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	230	105	120	0.2	0.2	0.3	226,220	107,785	118,435	0.6	0.6	0.6
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	1,770	810	960	1.9	1.7	2.0	219,855	105,825	114,030	0.6	0.6	0.6
Korean	270	120	145	0.3	0.3	0.3	217,650	101,805	115,845	0.6	0.6	0.6
Romanian	575	240	340	0.6	0.5	0.7	215,885	103,720	112,165	0.6	0.6	0.6
Lebanese	65	30	35	0.1	0.1	0.1	210,605	107,990	102,615	0.6	0.6	0.6
Iranian	115	65	55	0.1	0.1	0.1	200,465	100,790	99,675	0.6	0.6	0.5
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	160	95	60	0.2	0.2	0.1	200,340	99,800	100,540	0.6	0.6	0.5
Danish	1,755	795	965	1.8	1.7	2.0	196,945	96,220	100,725	0.5	0.5	0.5
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	1,275	635	640	1.3	1.3	1.3	194,840	94,035	100,810	0.5	0.5	0.5
Sikh	605	350	255	0.6	0.7	0.5	194,640	101,255	93,385	0.5	0.6	0.5
Austrian	1,060	530	530	1.1	1.1	1.1	189,535	92,740	96,800	0.5	0.5	0.5
Belgian	385	215	170	0.4	0.5	0.4	182,175	90,150	92,030	0.5	0.5	0.5
Haitian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	178,990	84,510	94,490	0.5	0.5	0.5
Hindu	160	75	90	0.2	0.2	0.2	166,160	87,665	78,495	0.5	0.5	0.4
Mexican	210	95	115	0.2	0.2	0.2	155,495	77,435	78,055	0.4	0.4	0.4
Mennonite	530	260	270	0.6	0.5	0.6	155,095	77,735	77,360	0.4	0.4	0.4
Swiss	880	495	380	0.9	1.0	0.8	145,570	72,015	73,555	0.4	0.4	0.4
Finnish	895	460	435	0.9	1.0	0.9	144,055	69,270	74,785	0.4	0.4	0.4
Sri Lankan	25	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0	132,410	65,175	67,240	0.4	0.4	0.4
Croatian	625	295	335	0.7	0.6	0.7	130,820	64,915	65,905	0.4	0.4	0.4
Japanese	430	200	235	0.5	0.4	0.5	129,425	56,850	72,580	0.4	0.3	0.4
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	120	55	70	0.1	0.1	0.1	120,125	60,575	59,550	0.3	0.3	0.3
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	150	65	85	0.2	0.1	0.2	111,605	53,700	57,905	0.3	0.3	0.3
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	985	505	480	1.0	1.1	1.0	110,735	54,730	56,005	0.3	0.3	0.3
Muslim	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	105,620	54,095	51,525	0.3	0.3	0.3
Egyptian	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	105,245	55,230	50,020	0.3	0.3	0.3
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	50	20	30	0.1	0.0	0.1	104,765	51,375	53,395	0.3	0.3	0.3
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	102,170	51,165	51,005	0.3	0.3	0.3
Icelandic	490	260	225	0.5	0.5	0.5	101,990	50,370	51,620	0.3	0.3	0.3
Colombian	30	20	15	0.0	0.0	0.0	100,555	47,995	52,560	0.3	0.3	0.3
Moroccan	25	10	20	0.0	0.0	0.0	99,980	50,835	49,150	0.3	0.3	0.3
Czech	485	250	235	0.5	0.5	0.5	98,925	47,495	51,430	0.3	0.3	0.3
Syrian	35	20	20	0.0	0.0	0.0	98,250	49,385	48,865	0.3	0.3	0.3
Guyanese	50	25	20	0.1	0.1	0.0	97,210	46,270	50,940	0.3	0.3	0.3
Afghan	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	96,810	48,255	48,550	0.3	0.3	0.3
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	70	55	15	0.1	0.1	0.0	94,585	44,335	50,250	0.3	0.2	0.3
Serbian	120	70	50	0.1	0.1	0.1	93,360	46,945	46,410	0.3	0.3	0.3
Ojibway	180	95	90	0.2	0.2	0.2	92,220	44,610	47,600	0.3	0.2	0.3
Newfoundlander	225	135	90	0.2	0.3	0.2	91,670	45,665	46,005	0.3	0.3	0.3
Hong Konger	30	20	15	0.0	0.0	0.0	81,680	39,485	42,195	0.2	0.2	0.2
Ontarian	45	10	40	0.0	0.0	0.1	80,555	39,675	40,880	0.2	0.2	0.2
Persian	50	10	35	0.1	0.0	0.1	80,340	41,415	38,925	0.2	0.2	0.2
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	35	20	20	0.0	0.0	0.0	77,405	37,655	39,750	0.2	0.2	0.2
Turkish	45	30	15	0.0	0.1	0.0	76,745	39,955	36,795	0.2	0.2	0.2
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	70	35	35	0.1	0.1	0.1	76,675	37,315	39,365	0.2	0.2	0.2
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	75,425	39,085	36,335	0.2	0.2	0.2
Algerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	73,770	38,035	35,740	0.2	0.2	0.2
Brazilian	45	25	20	0.0	0.1	0.0	71,755	34,670	37,085	0.2	0.2	0.2
Nigerian	160	80	80	0.2	0.2	0.2	69,540	34,680	34,860	0.2	0.2	0.2
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	68,850	34,105	34,745	0.2	0.2	0.2
Slovak	205	95	110	0.2	0.2	0.2	68,210	33,475	34,740	0.2	0.2	0.2
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	185	85	95	0.2	0.2	0.2	66,780	31,525	35,255	0.2	0.2	0.2
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	65,555	31,555	33,995	0.2	0.2	0.2
Taiwanese	75	50	30	0.1	0.1	0.1	64,020	29,280	34,740	0.2	0.2	0.2
Iraqi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	59,300	29,865	29,435	0.2	0.2	0.2
Salvadorean	45	20	30	0.0	0.0	0.1	59,280	29,150	30,130	0.2	0.2	0.2
African Caribbean	40	20	20	0.0	0.0	0.0	59,050	26,385	32,670	0.2	0.1	0.2
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	20	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0	58,870	27,845	31,025	0.2	0.2	0.2
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	58,840	30,560	28,280	0.2	0.2	0.2
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	55	25	30	0.1	0.1	0.1	57,195	25,715	31,475	0.2	0.1	0.2
Algonquin	70	25	45	0.1	0.1	0.1	56,070	27,025	29,040	0.2	0.2	0.2
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	25	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	52,085	23,685	28,395	0.1	0.1	0.2
Lithuanian	190	100	90	0.2	0.2	0.2	52,040	24,510	27,530	0.1	0.1	0.1
South African	140	50	90	0.1	0.1	0.2	49,840	24,885	24,955	0.1	0.1	0.1
Australian	270	140	130	0.3	0.3	0.3	46,765	24,165	22,595	0.1	0.1	0.1
Palestinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	45,905	23,930	21,975	0.1	0.1	0.1
Chilean	85	35	50	0.1	0.1	0.1	45,685	22,520	23,165	0.1	0.1	0.1
Congolese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	45,260	22,000	23,260	0.1	0.1	0.1
Nova Scotian	50	25	25	0.1	0.1	0.1	44,720	21,700	23,025	0.1	0.1	0.1
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	42,545	20,675	21,875	0.1	0.1	0.1
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	30	0	25	0.0	0.0	0.1	42,405	20,105	22,300	0.1	0.1	0.1
Peruvian	40	15	20	0.0	0.0	0.0	42,295	19,925	22,370	0.1	0.1	0.1
Yoruba	55	20	35	0.1	0.0	0.1	42,075	21,740	20,330	0.1	0.1	0.1
Cambodian (Khmer)	20	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	41,950	19,835	22,115	0.1	0.1	0.1
Berber	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	41,700	22,325	19,370	0.1	0.1	0.1
Albanian	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	41,620	21,050	20,570	0.1	0.1	0.1
Maltese	115	60	50	0.1	0.1	0.1	40,670	20,210	20,455	0.1	0.1	0.1
Macedonian	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	39,440	19,500	19,940	0.1	0.1	0.1
Slovenian	195	90	105	0.2	0.2	0.2	38,595	18,785	19,815	0.1	0.1	0.1
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	140	65	70	0.1	0.1	0.1	38,520	18,935	19,585	0.1	0.1	0.1
New Brunswicker	25	10	20	0.0	0.0	0.0	37,670	18,235	19,435	0.1	0.1	0.1
Gujarati	25	20	15	0.0	0.0	0.0	36,970	19,580	17,385	0.1	0.1	0.1
Eritrean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	36,290	18,185	18,110	0.1	0.1	0.1
African Canadian	45	20	25	0.0	0.0	0.1	35,395	17,140	18,250	0.1	0.1	0.1
Israeli	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	35,345	18,410	16,940	0.1	0.1	0.1
Mohawk	60	40	20	0.1	0.1	0.0	33,330	16,485	16,845	0.1	0.1	0.1
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	200	125	80	0.2	0.3	0.2	33,135	15,355	17,775	0.1	0.1	0.1
Bulgarian	65	45	20	0.1	0.1	0.0	33,085	16,235	16,850	0.1	0.1	0.1
Albertan	85	35	45	0.1	0.1	0.1	32,575	16,525	16,055	0.1	0.1	0.1
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	31,720	15,650	16,065	0.1	0.1	0.1
Barbadian	25	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0	31,440	15,265	16,175	0.1	0.1	0.1
African American	110	35	80	0.1	0.1	0.2	31,430	15,700	15,730	0.1	0.1	0.1
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	190	80	105	0.2	0.2	0.2	30,565	14,635	15,930	0.1	0.1	0.1
Tunisian	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	30,465	16,585	13,875	0.1	0.1	0.1
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	45	40	0	0.0	0.1	0.0	30,220	15,225	14,995	0.1	0.1	0.1
Cuban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	30,065	14,830	15,235	0.1	0.1	0.1
Bosnian	25	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	28,490	14,320	14,170	0.1	0.1	0.1
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	28,395	13,220	15,175	0.1	0.1	0.1
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	28,225	13,490	14,735	0.1	0.1	0.1
Latvian	140	50	95	0.1	0.1	0.2	28,140	13,515	14,620	0.1	0.1	0.1
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	26,675	13,830	12,850	0.1	0.1	0.1
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	26,535	12,960	13,580	0.1	0.1	0.1
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	26,460	13,920	12,540	0.1	0.1	0.1
Indonesian	40	20	15	0.0	0.0	0.0	26,330	11,910	14,415	0.1	0.1	0.1
Laotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	25,875	12,500	13,375	0.1	0.1	0.1
Ilocano	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	25,575	11,860	13,715	0.1	0.1	0.1
Northern Irish	65	20	45	0.1	0.0	0.1	25,200	12,495	12,710	0.1	0.1	0.1
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	155	60	90	0.2	0.1	0.2	24,420	12,265	12,155	0.1	0.1	0.1
British Columbian	600	325	275	0.6	0.7	0.6	24,325	12,230	12,095	0.1	0.1	0.1
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	24,255	11,510	12,745	0.1	0.1	0.1
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	24,110	11,540	12,570	0.1	0.1	0.1
Argentinian	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	23,500	11,665	11,840	0.1	0.1	0.1
Estonian	55	30	25	0.1	0.1	0.1	23,455	11,080	12,375	0.1	0.1	0.1
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	23,130	12,670	10,460	0.1	0.1	0.1
Fijian	70	25	45	0.1	0.1	0.1	23,020	11,040	11,980	0.1	0.1	0.1
Jatt	100	45	50	0.1	0.1	0.1	22,785	11,695	11,090	0.1	0.1	0.1
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	110	70	35	0.1	0.1	0.1	22,785	11,680	11,105	0.1	0.1	0.1
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	22,570	11,405	11,165	0.1	0.1	0.1
Thai	30	10	20	0.0	0.0	0.0	22,275	8,525	13,750	0.1	0.0	0.1
Dominican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	22,125	10,615	11,510	0.1	0.1	0.1
Nepali	25	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0	21,975	11,215	10,765	0.1	0.1	0.1
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	20,565	10,595	9,975	0.1	0.1	0.1
Assyrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	19,685	9,730	9,955	0.1	0.1	0.1
Igbo	55	15	40	0.1	0.0	0.1	19,305	9,890	9,415	0.1	0.1	0.1
Byelorussian	30	0	25	0.0	0.0	0.1	18,850	9,055	9,795	0.1	0.1	0.1
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	18,745	9,030	9,710	0.1	0.1	0.1
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	95	40	55	0.1	0.1	0.1	18,545	8,975	9,570	0.1	0.1	0.1
Abenaki	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	18,420	8,545	9,870	0.1	0.0	0.1
Moldovan	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.0	18,190	8,850	9,340	0.1	0.0	0.1
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	70	35	35	0.1	0.1	0.1	17,955	8,625	9,330	0.0	0.0	0.1
New Zealander	70	40	30	0.1	0.1	0.1	17,755	9,275	8,470	0.0	0.1	0.0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	17,485	8,825	8,665	0.0	0.0	0.0
Breton	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	17,465	8,710	8,755	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania Dutch	30	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0	17,315	7,300	10,020	0.0	0.0	0.1
Malaysian	40	25	25	0.0	0.1	0.1	17,050	7,935	9,115	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plains Cree	80	35	45	0.1	0.1	0.1	16,570	8,255	8,310	0.0	0.0	0.0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	16,315	8,565	7,750	0.0	0.0	0.0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	15,910	7,715	8,195	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saskatchewanian	60	35	25	0.1	0.1	0.1	15,780	7,505	8,280	0.0	0.0	0.0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	15,660	7,485	8,175	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gaspesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	15,650	7,290	8,360	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norman	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	15,340	8,155	7,190	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	30	0	25	0.0	0.0	0.1	15,055	7,180	7,875	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	15,010	7,255	7,755	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteaux	60	20	40	0.1	0.0	0.1	14,265	6,730	7,535	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	20	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0	14,260	6,525	7,735	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundian	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	14,110	6,810	7,295	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	13,910	7,435	6,470	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	13,840	6,730	7,120	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mauritian	40	20	20	0.0	0.0	0.0	13,755	7,020	6,730	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kenyan	25	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0	13,565	6,510	7,055	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	25	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	13,525	6,610	6,915	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	13,245	5,800	7,445	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	13,225	7,055	6,170	0.0	0.0	0.0
Manitoban	40	20	20	0.0	0.0	0.0	13,095	6,530	6,565	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	13,065	6,175	6,885	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rwandan	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	12,890	6,150	6,740	0.0	0.0	0.0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	12,890	5,965	6,930	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	12,490	6,580	5,910	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	12,115	6,080	6,035	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	12,080	5,905	6,170	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mayan	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	11,710	5,980	5,730	0.0	0.0	0.0
Honduran	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10,920	5,370	5,550	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cherokee	85	50	45	0.1	0.1	0.1	10,825	5,080	5,745	0.0	0.0	0.0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10,750	5,130	5,620	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10,490	4,710	5,775	0.0	0.0	0.0
Flemish	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	10,275	4,950	5,325	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Empire Loyalist	30	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	10,015	4,975	5,045	0.0	0.0	0.0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	9,955	5,115	4,840	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	9,915	5,165	4,750	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sicilian	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	9,835	5,135	4,695	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	9,825	5,195	4,625	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	9,795	4,725	5,065	0.0	0.0	0.0
Goan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	9,700	4,710	4,990	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	30	15	20	0.0	0.0	0.0	9,455	4,705	4,755	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	9,350	4,650	4,700	0.0	0.0	0.0
Zimbabwean	20	0	20	0.0	0.0	0.0	9,165	4,435	4,725	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	9,150	4,385	4,760	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	9,090	4,240	4,850	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	8,970	4,235	4,735	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	8,400	4,270	4,125	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamileke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	8,315	4,220	4,090	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	8,310	3,765	4,545	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	8,285	3,910	4,375	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	8,255	4,425	3,830	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	8,140	3,945	4,195	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	8,115	3,995	4,130	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	8,080	3,830	4,250	0.0	0.0	0.0
Libyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	7,945	4,265	3,680	0.0	0.0	0.0
Basque	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	7,745	4,030	3,710	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	7,660	3,870	3,790	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	7,640	3,835	3,805	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	7,635	3,690	3,950	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igorot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	7,535	3,305	4,230	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	7,480	3,865	3,620	0.0	0.0	0.0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	7,415	3,615	3,800	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guinean	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	7,390	3,700	3,695	0.0	0.0	0.0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	7,285	3,340	3,945	0.0	0.0	0.0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	7,225	3,355	3,875	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maliseet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	7,220	3,515	3,705	0.0	0.0	0.0
Beninese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	6,810	3,630	3,180	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	6,670	3,730	2,945	0.0	0.0	0.0
Roma	45	20	25	0.0	0.0	0.1	6,545	3,225	3,320	0.0	0.0	0.0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	6,500	3,265	3,230	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	6,480	2,945	3,535	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	6,255	3,085	3,170	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	6,165	3,020	3,145	0.0	0.0	0.0
Singaporean	20	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	6,060	2,755	3,305	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	6,050	3,065	2,985	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5,985	2,995	2,995	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tajik	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5,980	2,965	3,015	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amhara	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5,945	3,010	2,930	0.0	0.0	0.0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5,925	2,855	3,075	0.0	0.0	0.0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	95,300	47,720	47,575	100.0	100.0	100.0	36,328,480	17,937,165	18,391,315	100.0	100.0	100.0
Buddhist	215	85	130	0.2	0.2	0.3	356,975	157,435	199,540	1.0	0.9	1.1
Christian	32,805	15,000	17,805	34.4	31.4	37.4	19,373,325	9,131,320	10,242,005	53.3	50.9	55.7
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	8,930	4,215	4,715	9.4	8.8	9.9	2,760,760	1,319,760	1,440,995	7.6	7.4	7.8
Anabaptist	430	210	215	0.5	0.4	0.5	144,145	70,095	74,050	0.4	0.4	0.4
Anglican	2,255	980	1,275	2.4	2.1	2.7	1,134,315	515,270	619,045	3.1	2.9	3.4
Baptist	1,655	690	960	1.7	1.4	2.0	436,940	200,325	236,615	1.2	1.1	1.3
Catholic	11,010	5,155	5,855	11.6	10.8	12.3	10,880,360	5,193,345	5,687,010	29.9	29.0	30.9
Christian Orthodox	370	170	200	0.4	0.4	0.4	623,010	301,055	321,955	1.7	1.7	1.8
Jehovah's Witness	745	290	455	0.8	0.6	1.0	137,255	59,505	77,750	0.4	0.3	0.4
Latter Day Saints	440	220	220	0.5	0.5	0.5	87,725	41,365	46,360	0.2	0.2	0.3
Lutheran	1,115	485	630	1.2	1.0	1.3	328,045	150,115	177,925	0.9	0.8	1.0
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	100	25	70	0.1	0.1	0.1	100,655	46,640	54,020	0.3	0.3	0.3
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	1,110	490	625	1.2	1.0	1.3	399,025	180,870	218,155	1.1	1.0	1.2
Presbyterian	440	205	230	0.5	0.4	0.5	301,400	136,440	164,960	0.8	0.8	0.9
Reformed	100	45	50	0.1	0.1	0.1	79,870	39,250	40,620	0.2	0.2	0.2
United Church	2,335	1,020	1,320	2.5	2.1	2.8	1,214,185	531,740	682,445	3.3	3.0	3.7
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	1,770	795	980	1.9	1.7	2.1	745,650	345,540	400,110	2.1	1.9	2.2
Hindu	640	350	290	0.7	0.7	0.6	828,195	430,135	398,060	2.3	2.4	2.2
Jewish	90	55	35	0.1	0.1	0.1	335,295	164,220	171,070	0.9	0.9	0.9
Muslim	555	270	280	0.6	0.6	0.6	1,775,715	904,205	871,510	4.9	5.0	4.7
Sikh	2,480	1,290	1,185	2.6	2.7	2.5	771,790	394,345	377,445	2.1	2.2	2.1
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	195	95	105	0.2	0.2	0.2	80,685	38,460	42,230	0.2	0.2	0.2
Other religions and spiritual traditions	790	295	495	0.8	0.6	1.0	229,015	97,645	131,370	0.6	0.5	0.7
No religion and secular perspectives	57,525	30,280	27,245	60.4	63.5	57.3	12,577,475	6,619,395	5,958,080	34.6	36.9	32.4
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	94,395	47,305	47,090	100.0	100.0	100.0	35,986,480	17,761,880	18,224,600	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	81,370	40,780	40,595	86.2	86.2	86.2	31,600,930	15,595,875	16,005,050	87.8	87.8	87.8
Movers	13,020	6,525	6,500	13.8	13.8	13.8	4,385,555	2,166,005	2,219,550	12.2	12.2	12.2
Non-migrants	9,630	4,840	4,785	10.2	10.2	10.2	2,572,400	1,270,395	1,302,005	7.1	7.2	7.1
Migrants	3,395	1,685	1,710	3.6	3.6	3.6	1,813,155	895,610	917,550	5.0	5.0	5.0
Internal migrants	3,090	1,550	1,545	3.3	3.3	3.3	1,519,200	748,025	771,180	4.2	4.2	4.2
Intraprovincial migrants	2,155	1,070	1,090	2.3	2.3	2.3	1,250,235	612,810	637,425	3.5	3.5	3.5
Interprovincial migrants	935	475	455	1.0	1.0	1.0	268,965	135,215	133,750	0.7	0.8	0.7
External migrants	305	135	165	0.3	0.3	0.4	293,955	147,585	146,370	0.8	0.8	0.8
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	90,495	45,250	45,245	100.0	100.0	100.0	34,504,330	17,002,250	17,502,080	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	52,040	26,225	25,820	57.5	58.0	57.1	21,061,090	10,370,425	10,690,660	61.0	61.0	61.1
Movers	38,460	19,025	19,425	42.5	42.0	42.9	13,443,240	6,631,825	6,811,420	39.0	39.0	38.9
Non-migrants	20,190	10,050	10,135	22.3	22.2	22.4	5,773,890	2,840,425	2,933,460	16.7	16.7	16.8
Migrants	18,265	8,975	9,290	20.2	19.8	20.5	7,669,355	3,791,400	3,877,955	22.2	22.3	22.2
Internal migrants	15,775	7,680	8,085	17.4	17.0	17.9	5,976,960	2,932,205	3,044,755	17.3	17.2	17.4
Intraprovincial migrants	12,075	5,820	6,255	13.3	12.9	13.8	5,055,615	2,472,510	2,583,105	14.7	14.5	14.8
Interprovincial migrants	3,700	1,865	1,835	4.1	4.1	4.1	921,345	459,695	461,650	2.7	2.7	2.6
External migrants	2,500	1,295	1,200	2.8	2.9	2.7	1,692,390	859,195	833,200	4.9	5.1	4.8
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	79,050	39,405	39,645	100.0	100.0	100.0	30,335,920	14,861,250	15,474,670	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	16,110	9,115	6,990	20.4	23.1	17.6	5,474,175	2,907,175	2,567,000	18.0	19.6	16.6
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	62,940	30,285	32,660	79.6	76.9	82.4	24,861,745	11,954,065	12,907,675	82.0	80.4	83.4
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	52,095	25,905	26,195	100.0	100.0	100.0	19,568,265	9,620,340	9,947,925	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	7,305	4,410	2,895	14.0	17.0	11.1	2,271,360	1,309,215	962,140	11.6	13.6	9.7
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	44,790	21,490	23,300	86.0	83.0	88.9	17,296,905	8,311,120	8,985,780	88.4	86.4	90.3
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	79,050	39,400	39,650	100.0	100.0	100.0	30,335,915	14,861,245	15,474,670	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	13,815	7,430	6,385	17.5	18.9	16.1	4,899,580	2,534,175	2,365,395	16.2	17.1	15.3
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	26,715	12,885	13,830	33.8	32.7	34.9	8,097,295	4,022,790	4,074,505	26.7	27.1	26.3
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	38,520	19,085	19,435	48.7	48.4	49.0	17,339,045	8,304,275	9,034,770	57.2	55.9	58.4
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	25,010	13,590	11,420	31.6	34.5	28.8	9,252,800	4,623,985	4,628,815	30.5	31.1	29.9
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	8,865	7,340	1,520	11.2	18.6	3.8	2,641,555	1,811,500	830,055	8.7	12.2	5.4
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	2,900	1,900	1,000	3.7	4.8	2.5	1,458,160	827,980	630,185	4.8	5.6	4.1
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	5,965	5,440	520	7.5	13.8	1.3	1,183,395	983,525	199,870	3.9	6.6	1.3
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	14,420	5,585	8,830	18.2	14.2	22.3	5,714,490	2,439,925	3,274,560	18.8	16.4	21.2
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,730	660	1,070	2.2	1.7	2.7	896,755	372,560	524,195	3.0	2.5	3.4
Bachelor's degree or higher	13,510	5,495	8,015	17.1	13.9	20.2	8,086,245	3,680,285	4,405,955	26.7	24.8	28.5
Bachelor's degree	9,085	3,620	5,465	11.5	9.2	13.8	5,295,360	2,339,045	2,956,315	17.5	15.7	19.1
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	875	345	520	1.1	0.9	1.3	556,510	243,200	313,310	1.8	1.6	2.0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	420	205	215	0.5	0.5	0.5	214,105	108,000	106,105	0.7	0.7	0.7
Master's degree	2,655	1,075	1,575	3.4	2.7	4.0	1,740,605	824,250	916,355	5.7	5.5	5.9
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	475	245	230	0.6	0.6	0.6	279,660	165,795	113,870	0.9	1.1	0.7
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	52,095	25,900	26,190	100.0	100.0	100.0	19,568,260	9,620,335	9,947,920	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	5,985	3,445	2,540	11.5	13.3	9.7	1,931,855	1,094,855	837,000	9.9	11.4	8.4
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	16,700	8,280	8,425	32.1	32.0	32.2	4,501,365	2,349,540	2,151,825	23.0	24.4	21.6
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	29,410	14,180	15,230	56.5	54.7	58.2	13,135,045	6,175,940	6,959,105	67.1	64.2	70.0
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	18,315	9,810	8,505	35.2	37.9	32.5	6,703,100	3,338,215	3,364,885	34.3	34.7	33.8
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	6,315	5,245	1,070	12.1	20.3	4.1	1,886,510	1,280,245	606,260	9.6	13.3	6.1
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	2,035	1,305	725	3.9	5.0	2.8	1,050,285	586,420	463,865	5.4	6.1	4.7
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	4,280	3,935	350	8.2	15.2	1.3	836,220	693,830	142,395	4.3	7.2	1.4
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	10,825	4,060	6,765	20.8	15.7	25.8	4,193,505	1,796,935	2,396,575	21.4	18.7	24.1
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,175	505	675	2.3	1.9	2.6	623,090	261,035	362,050	3.2	2.7	3.6
Bachelor's degree or higher	11,095	4,365	6,725	21.3	16.9	25.7	6,431,940	2,837,720	3,594,215	32.9	29.5	36.1
Bachelor's degree	7,435	2,890	4,545	14.3	11.2	17.4	4,177,455	1,808,555	2,368,900	21.3	18.8	23.8
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	655	255	405	1.3	1.0	1.5	430,875	179,230	251,645	2.2	1.9	2.5
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	355	155	205	0.7	0.6	0.8	167,730	75,120	92,615	0.9	0.8	0.9
Master's degree	2,270	890	1,380	4.4	3.4	5.3	1,446,435	659,295	787,145	7.4	6.9	7.9
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	365	180	190	0.7	0.7	0.7	209,445	115,530	93,915	1.1	1.2	0.9
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	79,050	39,400	39,650	100.0	100.0	100.0	30,335,920	14,861,245	15,474,675	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	40,535	20,320	20,215	51.3	51.6	51.0	12,996,870	6,556,970	6,439,900	42.8	44.1	41.6
Education	2,535	535	2,005	3.2	1.4	5.1	1,113,015	258,365	854,655	3.7	1.7	5.5
13. Education	2,535	535	2,005	3.2	1.4	5.1	1,113,015	258,365	854,655	3.7	1.7	5.5
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	615	220	395	0.8	0.6	1.0	631,255	274,065	357,190	2.1	1.8	2.3
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	55	45	10	0.1	0.1	0.0	74,785	53,390	21,395	0.2	0.4	0.1
50. Visual and performing arts	560	175	385	0.7	0.4	1.0	556,470	220,680	335,790	1.8	1.5	2.2
Humanities	1,565	580	985	2.0	1.5	2.5	926,560	354,120	572,440	3.1	2.4	3.7
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	65	20	45	0.1	0.1	0.1	106,345	23,460	82,885	0.4	0.2	0.5
23. English language and literature/letters	390	100	290	0.5	0.3	0.7	184,600	53,020	131,580	0.6	0.4	0.9
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	420	90	330	0.5	0.2	0.8	316,050	119,215	196,830	1.0	0.8	1.3
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	50	25	25	0.1	0.1	0.1	18,935	6,835	12,095	0.1	0.0	0.1
38. Philosophy and religious studies	110	45	65	0.1	0.1	0.2	57,745	33,040	24,700	0.2	0.2	0.2
39. Theology and religious vocations	240	140	100	0.3	0.4	0.3	77,510	46,140	31,365	0.3	0.3	0.2
54. History	260	160	100	0.3	0.4	0.3	108,935	58,310	50,620	0.4	0.4	0.3
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	40	10	35	0.1	0.0	0.1	56,440	14,090	42,345	0.2	0.1	0.3
Social and behavioural sciences and law	3,075	1,010	2,065	3.9	2.6	5.2	2,016,125	670,770	1,345,360	6.6	4.5	8.7
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	60	0	50	0.1	0.0	0.1	29,430	7,065	22,365	0.1	0.0	0.1
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	175	105	70	0.2	0.3	0.2	233,400	88,205	145,200	0.8	0.6	0.9
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	650	35	615	0.8	0.1	1.6	344,150	27,905	316,240	1.1	0.2	2.0
22. Legal professions and studies	395	130	265	0.5	0.3	0.7	325,785	115,335	210,445	1.1	0.8	1.4
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	90	30	55	0.1	0.1	0.1	49,855	16,000	33,850	0.2	0.1	0.2
42. Psychology	590	145	445	0.7	0.4	1.1	327,965	79,295	248,665	1.1	0.5	1.6
45. Social sciences	1,125	560	565	1.4	1.4	1.4	705,540	336,960	368,580	2.3	2.3	2.4
Business, management and public administration	7,325	2,250	5,075	9.3	5.7	12.8	3,758,250	1,488,175	2,270,075	12.4	10.0	14.7
30.16 Accounting and computer science	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	5,335	1,705	3,630	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	890	165	725	1.1	0.4	1.8	272,240	55,995	216,245	0.9	0.4	1.4
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	6,430	2,085	4,350	8.1	5.3	11.0	3,480,675	1,430,475	2,050,200	11.5	9.6	13.2
Physical and life sciences and technologies	1,370	675	690	1.7	1.7	1.7	719,715	353,540	366,175	2.4	2.4	2.4
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	720	330	390	0.9	0.8	1.0	297,055	121,615	175,435	1.0	0.8	1.1
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	285	130	155	0.4	0.3	0.4	155,955	72,245	83,705	0.5	0.5	0.5
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	35,380	14,950	20,430	0.1	0.1	0.1
40. Physical sciences	290	195	95	0.4	0.5	0.2	196,620	130,745	65,875	0.6	0.9	0.4
41. Science technologies/technicians	65	15	55	0.1	0.0	0.1	34,710	13,985	20,730	0.1	0.1	0.1
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	910	550	355	1.2	1.4	0.9	804,230	531,435	272,795	2.7	3.6	1.8
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	765	470	295	1.0	1.2	0.7	643,145	454,370	188,775	2.1	3.1	1.2
25. Library science	60	25	35	0.1	0.1	0.1	43,085	7,100	35,985	0.1	0.0	0.2
27. Mathematics and statistics	70	50	15	0.1	0.1	0.0	99,360	57,560	41,800	0.3	0.4	0.3
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	18,640	12,400	6,240	0.1	0.1	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	10,390	9,770	620	13.1	24.8	1.6	3,506,120	3,131,220	374,900	11.6	21.1	2.4
04. Architecture and related services	70	25	45	0.1	0.1	0.1	135,020	81,930	53,090	0.4	0.6	0.3
14. Engineering	850	715	130	1.1	1.8	0.3	900,475	723,080	177,395	3.0	4.9	1.1
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	1,920	1,720	200	2.4	4.4	0.5	726,155	638,355	87,800	2.4	4.3	0.6
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	580	190	390	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	2,860	2,750	110	3.6	7.0	0.3	703,905	683,060	20,845	2.3	4.6	0.1
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	3,230	3,155	80	4.1	8.0	0.2	659,480	640,895	18,590	2.2	4.3	0.1
48. Precision production	1,465	1,400	60	1.9	3.6	0.2	380,505	363,710	16,795	1.3	2.4	0.1
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	1,915	1,150	765	2.4	2.9	1.9	407,545	234,360	173,175	1.3	1.6	1.1
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	370	160	210	0.5	0.4	0.5	262,580	140,520	122,070	0.9	0.9	0.8
03. Natural resources and conservation	1,545	990	555	2.0	2.5	1.4	144,960	93,845	51,115	0.5	0.6	0.3
Health and related fields	6,485	1,135	5,350	8.2	2.9	13.5	2,444,500	485,615	1,958,885	8.1	3.3	12.7
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	40	10	30	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	330	160	165	0.4	0.4	0.4	180,785	89,005	91,780	0.6	0.6	0.6
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	5,990	905	5,090	7.6	2.3	12.8	2,194,395	360,540	1,833,855	7.2	2.4	11.9
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	5,255	1,425	3,825	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	150	75	80	0.2	0.2	0.2	64,030	34,630	29,400	0.2	0.2	0.2
Personal, protective and transportation services	2,310	1,195	1,120	2.9	3.0	2.8	1,006,425	520,970	485,455	3.3	3.5	3.1
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	1,370	345	1,020	1.7	0.9	2.6	548,520	151,115	397,410	1.8	1.0	2.6
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,965	3,520	445	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	6,900	6,210	690	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	275	215	65	0.3	0.5	0.2	227,835	160,930	66,905	0.8	1.1	0.4
49. Transportation and materials moving	665	635	30	0.8	1.6	0.1	219,205	199,190	20,010	0.7	1.3	0.1
Other¹⁷⁹	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5,305	1,640	3,665	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	52,095	25,905	26,195	100.0	100.0	100.0	19,568,260	9,620,340	9,947,925	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	22,685	11,720	10,960	43.5	45.2	41.8	6,433,215	3,444,395	2,988,825	32.9	35.8	30.0
Education	1,685	315	1,375	3.2	1.2	5.2	742,175	158,185	583,990	3.8	1.6	5.9
13. Education	1,685	315	1,375	3.2	1.2	5.2	742,175	158,185	583,990	3.8	1.6	5.9
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	465	160	305	0.9	0.6	1.2	490,455	210,500	279,955	2.5	2.2	2.8
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	30	20	10	0.1	0.1	0.0	54,645	38,170	16,475	0.3	0.4	0.2
50. Visual and performing arts	440	145	295	0.8	0.6	1.1	435,815	172,330	263,480	2.2	1.8	2.6
Humanities	1,140	410	735	2.2	1.6	2.8	649,695	241,235	408,465	3.3	2.5	4.1
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	50	15	35	0.1	0.1	0.1	79,235	16,400	62,835	0.4	0.2	0.6
23. English language and literature/letters	300	75	225	0.6	0.3	0.9	134,815	37,610	97,210	0.7	0.4	1.0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	310	75	240	0.6	0.3	0.9	216,725	80,505	136,220	1.1	0.8	1.4
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	35	10	20	0.1	0.0	0.1	12,910	4,540	8,370	0.1	0.0	0.1
38. Philosophy and religious studies	85	35	50	0.2	0.1	0.2	41,640	23,645	17,990	0.2	0.2	0.2
39. Theology and religious vocations	145	80	65	0.3	0.3	0.2	48,920	29,245	19,675	0.2	0.3	0.2
54. History	190	115	70	0.4	0.4	0.3	78,415	40,800	37,615	0.4	0.4	0.4
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	30	0	30	0.1	0.0	0.1	37,045	8,490	28,555	0.2	0.1	0.3
Social and behavioural sciences and law	2,545	810	1,725	4.9	3.1	6.6	1,588,720	502,835	1,085,885	8.1	5.2	10.9
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	55	0	50	0.1	0.0	0.2	23,895	5,520	18,370	0.1	0.1	0.2
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	145	80	65	0.3	0.3	0.2	196,475	72,125	124,350	1.0	0.7	1.3
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	550	35	510	1.1	0.1	1.9	270,970	20,095	250,875	1.4	0.2	2.5
22. Legal professions and studies	315	90	230	0.6	0.3	0.9	261,265	82,850	178,420	1.3	0.9	1.8
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	70	20	45	0.1	0.1	0.2	37,830	12,160	25,670	0.2	0.1	0.3
42. Psychology	485	115	370	0.9	0.4	1.4	249,205	55,840	193,365	1.3	0.6	1.9
45. Social sciences	925	460	460	1.8	1.8	1.8	549,090	254,250	294,840	2.8	2.6	3.0
Business, management and public administration	5,615	1,635	3,975	10.8	6.3	15.2	2,941,315	1,140,050	1,801,260	15.0	11.9	18.1
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,995	1,335	2,665	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	770	145	625	1.5	0.6	2.4	213,140	40,230	172,910	1.1	0.4	1.7
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	4,840	1,495	3,350	9.3	5.8	12.8	2,724,175	1,098,490	1,625,685	13.9	11.4	16.3
Physical and life sciences and technologies	1,115	510	605	2.1	2.0	2.3	513,555	241,780	271,785	2.6	2.5	2.7
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	620	270	350	1.2	1.0	1.3	227,460	90,390	137,075	1.2	0.9	1.4
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	215	70	140	0.4	0.3	0.5	108,350	48,075	60,280	0.6	0.5	0.6
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	14,270	5,690	8,580	0.1	0.1	0.1
40. Physical sciences	235	150	85	0.5	0.6	0.3	140,510	88,540	51,970	0.7	0.9	0.5
41. Science technologies/technicians	35	10	20	0.1	0.0	0.1	22,960	9,090	13,870	0.1	0.1	0.1
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	780	495	295	1.5	1.9	1.1	667,305	445,970	221,330	3.4	4.6	2.2
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	660	420	240	1.3	1.6	0.9	554,185	392,835	161,350	2.8	4.1	1.6
25. Library science	40	15	25	0.1	0.1	0.1	27,610	4,720	22,885	0.1	0.0	0.2
27. Mathematics and statistics	60	40	20	0.1	0.2	0.1	70,940	39,000	31,940	0.4	0.4	0.3
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	14,565	9,415	5,155	0.1	0.1	0.1
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	7,595	7,080	515	14.6	27.3	2.0	2,611,205	2,292,785	318,420	13.3	23.8	3.2
04. Architecture and related services	65	25	40	0.1	0.1	0.2	105,845	61,230	44,605	0.5	0.6	0.4
14. Engineering	700	575	120	1.3	2.2	0.5	724,235	568,385	155,850	3.7	5.9	1.6
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	1,465	1,305	155	2.8	5.0	0.6	536,600	464,510	72,090	2.7	4.8	0.7
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	510	160	350	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	2,055	1,965	90	3.9	7.6	0.3	510,105	493,000	17,100	2.6	5.1	0.2
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	2,270	2,205	65	4.4	8.5	0.2	467,225	452,385	14,840	2.4	4.7	0.1
48. Precision production	1,040	1,005	40	2.0	3.9	0.2	266,690	253,110	13,585	1.4	2.6	0.1
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	1,520	895	625	2.9	3.5	2.4	314,120	170,440	143,680	1.6	1.8	1.4
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	265	100	170	0.5	0.4	0.6	199,335	99,700	99,635	1.0	1.0	1.0
03. Natural resources and conservation	1,255	795	460	2.4	3.1	1.8	114,780	70,745	44,040	0.6	0.7	0.4
Health and related fields	5,110	910	4,195	9.8	3.5	16.0	1,839,975	371,180	1,468,795	9.4	3.9	14.8
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	30	0	30	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	245	125	115	0.5	0.5	0.4	139,280	67,885	71,385	0.7	0.7	0.7
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	4,735	740	3,995	9.1	2.9	15.3	1,648,120	279,090	1,369,030	8.4	2.9	13.8
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	4,430	945	3,485	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	130	50	80	0.2	0.2	0.3	48,115	23,255	24,860	0.2	0.2	0.2
Personal, protective and transportation services	1,825	950	875	3.5	3.7	3.3	772,450	399,835	372,615	3.9	4.2	3.7
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	1,050	265	785	2.0	1.0	3.0	414,520	112,935	301,590	2.1	1.2	3.0
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,955	2,575	375	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,850	3,415	435	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	255	190	65	0.5	0.7	0.2	183,025	128,295	54,725	0.9	1.3	0.6
49. Transportation and materials moving	520	500	20	1.0	1.9	0.1	168,105	152,620	15,485	0.9	1.6	0.2
Other¹⁷⁹	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	4,075	1,150	2,930	0.0	0.0	0.0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	52,095	25,905	26,195	100.0	100.0	100.0	19,568,260	9,620,340	9,947,925	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	22,685	11,720	10,960	43.5	45.2	41.8	6,433,215	3,444,395	2,988,825	32.9	35.8	30.0
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	29,405	14,180	15,230	56.4	54.7	58.1	13,135,040	6,175,940	6,959,100	67.1	64.2	70.0
Location of study inside Canada	26,395	12,845	13,550	50.7	49.6	51.7	10,490,520	4,926,390	5,564,130	53.6	51.2	55.9
Same as province or territory of residence	21,920	10,595	11,325	42.1	40.9	43.2	9,251,025	4,324,195	4,926,830	47.3	44.9	49.5
Different than province or territory of residence	4,475	2,250	2,225	8.6	8.7	8.5	1,239,495	602,195	637,300	6.3	6.3	6.4
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	3,015	1,335	1,680	5.8	5.2	6.4	2,644,520	1,249,550	1,394,970	13.5	13.0	14.0
Americas	490	225	260	0.9	0.9	1.0	483,810	238,040	245,775	2.5	2.5	2.5
United States of America	410	190	220	0.8	0.7	0.8	279,005	143,575	135,435	1.4	1.5	1.4
Mexico	20	15	10	0.0	0.1	0.0	36,400	16,175	20,230	0.2	0.2	0.2
Cuba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	8,345	4,275	4,070	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10,620	5,645	4,970	0.1	0.1	0.0
Jamaica	25	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.1	12,780	6,110	6,670	0.1	0.1	0.1
Brazil	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	40,050	18,445	21,605	0.2	0.2	0.2
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	31,165	13,875	17,295	0.2	0.1	0.2
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	7,780	3,025	4,750	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	12,655	5,330	7,320	0.1	0.1	0.1
Other locations of study in Americas	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.1	45,000	21,575	23,425	0.2	0.2	0.2
Europe	710	325	390	1.4	1.3	1.5	543,725	281,205	262,520	2.8	2.9	2.6
Belgium	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	7,795	4,260	3,535	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	97,770	53,930	43,840	0.5	0.6	0.4
Germany	90	50	40	0.2	0.2	0.2	22,450	12,070	10,380	0.1	0.1	0.1
Netherlands	30	20	10	0.1	0.1	0.0	10,825	6,065	4,765	0.1	0.1	0.0
Switzerland	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	8,470	4,420	4,050	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5,160	2,465	2,700	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	9,055	4,165	4,890	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	25	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.1	25,215	11,115	14,100	0.1	0.1	0.1
Romania	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	32,250	16,190	16,060	0.2	0.2	0.2
Russian Federation	20	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.1	36,095	16,250	19,845	0.2	0.2	0.2
Ukraine	40	10	30	0.1	0.0	0.1	36,405	16,635	19,775	0.2	0.2	0.2
Ireland⁹⁶	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	16,040	9,175	6,865	0.1	0.1	0.1
United Kingdom⁸⁷	290	135	155	0.6	0.5	0.6	151,900	81,980	69,920	0.8	0.9	0.7
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	6,030	2,915	3,115	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	8,895	5,055	3,840	0.0	0.1	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	8,745	4,470	4,280	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Europe	140	65	75	0.3	0.3	0.3	60,615	30,055	30,560	0.3	0.3	0.3
Africa	220	110	105	0.4	0.4	0.4	216,815	111,010	105,805	1.1	1.2	1.1
Nigeria	45	20	25	0.1	0.1	0.1	33,280	16,395	16,880	0.2	0.2	0.2
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	33,230	17,020	16,210	0.2	0.2	0.2
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	23,640	12,125	11,510	0.1	0.1	0.1
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	12,655	7,100	5,555	0.1	0.1	0.1
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	30,255	15,145	15,115	0.2	0.2	0.2
South Africa, Republic of	115	60	50	0.2	0.2	0.2	19,060	9,900	9,160	0.1	0.1	0.1
Other locations of study in Africa	55	25	30	0.1	0.1	0.1	64,700	33,325	31,385	0.3	0.3	0.3
Asia	1,510	635	880	2.9	2.5	3.4	1,352,215	594,805	757,410	6.9	6.2	7.6
Iran⁸⁸	45	25	10	0.1	0.1	0.0	66,630	30,180	36,450	0.3	0.3	0.4
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	16,515	8,250	8,265	0.1	0.1	0.1
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	11,355	5,725	5,630	0.1	0.1	0.1
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	19,565	9,355	10,210	0.1	0.1	0.1
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	16,405	7,885	8,520	0.1	0.1	0.1
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	11,855	6,595	5,260	0.1	0.1	0.1
China⁹⁰	60	25	35	0.1	0.1	0.1	201,100	87,370	113,720	1.0	0.9	1.1
Taiwan	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	14,520	4,750	9,770	0.1	0.0	0.1
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	18,325	7,445	10,875	0.1	0.1	0.1
Japan	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	18,605	5,280	13,325	0.1	0.1	0.1
Korea, South⁹²	80	30	55	0.2	0.1	0.2	53,575	20,575	33,000	0.3	0.2	0.3
Philippines	525	165	355	1.0	0.6	1.4	305,795	115,370	190,420	1.6	1.2	1.9
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	12,500	4,490	8,005	0.1	0.0	0.1
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	25,000	11,360	13,645	0.1	0.1	0.1
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	15,085	7,090	7,995	0.1	0.1	0.1
India	700	330	365	1.3	1.3	1.4	405,850	199,380	206,475	2.1	2.1	2.1
Pakistan	30	20	10	0.1	0.1	0.0	75,155	35,055	40,100	0.4	0.4	0.4
Other locations of study in Asia	40	10	25	0.1	0.0	0.1	64,385	28,650	35,735	0.3	0.3	0.4
Oceania	85	45	45	0.2	0.2	0.2	47,960	24,495	23,460	0.2	0.3	0.2
Australia	60	30	35	0.1	0.1	0.1	38,525	19,270	19,250	0.2	0.2	0.2
New Zealand	25	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	7,785	4,300	3,485	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,655	930	730	0.0	0.0	0.0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	79,050	39,400	39,650	...	...	...	30,335,915	14,861,245	15,474,670	...	...	...
In the labour force	52,075	27,550	24,525	...	...	...	19,310,345	10,056,270	9,254,070	...	...	...
Employed	47,335	24,900	22,435	...	...	...	17,321,695	9,056,680	8,265,025	...	...	...
Unemployed	4,740	2,655	2,090	...	...	...	1,988,645	999,600	989,045	...	...	...
Not in the labour force	26,975	11,845	15,125	...	...	...	11,025,575	4,804,970	6,220,605	...	...	...
Participation rate	65.9	69.9	61.9	65.9	69.9	61.9	63.7	67.7	59.8	63.7	67.7	59.8
Employment rate	59.9	63.2	56.6	59.9	63.2	56.6	57.1	60.9	53.4	57.1	60.9	53.4
Unemployment rate	9.1	9.6	8.5	9.1	9.6	8.5	10.3	9.9	10.7	10.3	9.9	10.7
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	79,050	39,400	39,650	100.0	100.0	100.0	30,335,920	14,861,245	15,474,675	100.0	100.0	100.0
Did not work¹⁸⁶	27,630	12,240	15,390	35.0	31.1	38.8	11,140,775	4,889,605	6,251,170	36.7	32.9	40.4
Worked	51,420	27,160	24,260	65.0	68.9	61.2	19,195,145	9,971,640	9,223,500	63.3	67.1	59.6
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	27,665	15,935	11,730	35.0	40.4	29.6	10,215,385	5,685,910	4,529,475	33.7	38.3	29.3
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	23,755	11,225	12,535	30.1	28.5	31.6	8,979,760	4,285,730	4,694,025	29.6	28.8	30.3
Average weeks worked in reference year	41.7	42.7	40.7	41.7	42.7	40.7	41.0	41.7	40.3	41.0	41.7	40.3
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	52,070	27,555	24,520	100.0	100.0	100.0	19,310,340	10,056,275	9,254,070	100.0	100.0	100.0
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	1,170	590	575	2.2	2.1	2.3	486,865	237,950	248,915	2.5	2.4	2.7
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	50,905	26,960	23,945	97.8	97.8	97.7	18,823,480	9,818,325	9,005,160	97.5	97.6	97.3
Employee	44,930	23,470	21,455	86.3	85.2	87.5	16,103,455	8,139,075	7,964,375	83.4	80.9	86.1
Permanent position	38,060	20,375	17,680	73.1	73.9	72.1	13,431,685	6,866,375	6,565,310	69.6	68.3	70.9
Temporary position	6,870	3,100	3,770	13.2	11.3	15.4	2,671,765	1,272,700	1,399,065	13.8	12.7	15.1
Fixed term (1 year or more)	1,720	670	1,050	3.3	2.4	4.3	867,740	386,965	480,775	4.5	3.8	5.2
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	5,155	2,430	2,725	9.9	8.8	11.1	1,804,030	885,740	918,285	9.3	8.8	9.9
Self-employed¹⁹²	5,980	3,490	2,490	11.5	12.7	10.2	2,720,025	1,679,250	1,040,780	14.1	16.7	11.2
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	52,070	27,555	24,520	100.0	100.0	100.0	19,310,340	10,056,275	9,254,070	100.0	100.0	100.0
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	1,170	590	575	2.2	2.1	2.3	486,865	237,950	248,915	2.5	2.4	2.7
All occupations¹⁹¹	50,905	26,960	23,945	97.8	97.8	97.7	18,823,480	9,818,325	9,005,160	97.5	97.6	97.3
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	375	265	110	0.7	1.0	0.4	254,760	177,450	77,315	1.3	1.8	0.8
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	7,390	1,685	5,700	14.2	6.1	23.2	3,303,180	1,062,425	2,240,755	17.1	10.6	24.2
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	3,120	2,315	810	6.0	8.4	3.3	1,587,980	1,199,390	388,595	8.2	11.9	4.2
3 Health occupations	3,955	750	3,205	7.6	2.7	13.1	1,504,100	298,960	1,205,135	7.8	3.0	13.0
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	6,390	1,920	4,470	12.3	7.0	18.2	2,322,345	752,280	1,570,075	12.0	7.5	17.0
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	905	320	580	1.7	1.2	2.4	596,785	275,420	321,360	3.1	2.7	3.5
6 Sales and service occupations	12,445	5,060	7,390	23.9	18.4	30.1	4,616,050	2,072,110	2,543,945	23.9	20.6	27.5
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	12,100	11,160	945	23.2	40.5	3.9	3,239,500	2,950,915	288,585	16.8	29.3	3.1
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	1,795	1,340	455	3.4	4.9	1.9	541,235	416,960	124,270	2.8	4.1	1.3
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	2,430	2,150	280	4.7	7.8	1.1	857,540	612,415	245,120	4.4	6.1	2.6
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	52,070	27,555	24,520	100.0	100.0	100.0	19,310,340	10,056,275	9,254,070	100.0	100.0	100.0
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	1,170	590	575	2.2	2.1	2.3	486,865	237,950	248,915	2.5	2.4	2.7
All industries¹⁹¹	50,905	26,960	23,945	97.8	97.8	97.7	18,823,480	9,818,325	9,005,160	97.5	97.6	97.3
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	2,480	1,790	695	4.8	6.5	2.8	434,800	295,160	139,640	2.3	2.9	1.5
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	700	585	115	1.3	2.1	0.5	239,030	195,605	43,425	1.2	1.9	0.5
22 Utilities	450	305	150	0.9	1.1	0.6	147,750	109,475	38,270	0.8	1.1	0.4
23 Construction	4,660	3,920	740	8.9	14.2	3.0	1,469,085	1,269,060	200,025	7.6	12.6	2.2
31-33 Manufacturing	4,185	3,475	710	8.0	12.6	2.9	1,540,490	1,095,160	445,330	8.0	10.9	4.8
41 Wholesale trade	1,835	1,450	380	3.5	5.3	1.5	610,295	406,960	203,335	3.2	4.0	2.2
44-45 Retail trade	5,760	2,710	3,045	11.1	9.8	12.4	2,149,640	1,027,160	1,122,480	11.1	10.2	12.1
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	3,375	2,740	635	6.5	9.9	2.6	981,030	742,515	238,515	5.1	7.4	2.6
51 Information and cultural industries	630	270	365	1.2	1.0	1.5	400,460	237,940	162,520	2.1	2.4	1.8
52 Finance and insurance	1,115	330	790	2.1	1.2	3.2	815,225	358,145	457,080	4.2	3.6	4.9
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	650	295	355	1.2	1.1	1.4	343,940	186,230	157,710	1.8	1.9	1.7
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	2,345	1,215	1,130	4.5	4.4	4.6	1,571,160	877,780	693,380	8.1	8.7	7.5
55 Management of companies and enterprises	45	20	30	0.1	0.1	0.1	45,455	21,495	23,955	0.2	0.2	0.3
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	1,580	905	675	3.0	3.3	2.8	792,600	457,880	334,725	4.1	4.6	3.6
61 Educational services	3,825	1,025	2,795	7.3	3.7	11.4	1,413,320	436,645	976,670	7.3	4.3	10.6
62 Health care and social assistance	7,150	1,330	5,825	13.7	4.8	23.8	2,446,370	470,340	1,976,030	12.7	4.7	21.4
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	815	355	460	1.6	1.3	1.9	350,710	180,205	170,500	1.8	1.8	1.8
72 Accommodation and food services	3,490	1,435	2,050	6.7	5.2	8.4	1,085,270	478,000	607,270	5.6	4.8	6.6
81 Other services (except public administration)	2,470	1,295	1,170	4.7	4.7	4.8	797,935	373,775	424,165	4.1	3.7	4.6
91 Public administration	3,350	1,520	1,830	6.4	5.5	7.5	1,188,915	598,780	590,135	6.2	6.0	6.4
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	55,610	29,380	26,230	100.0	100.0	100.0	20,630,520	10,690,035	9,940,490	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	54,850	29,075	25,775	98.6	99.0	98.3	14,942,170	7,807,315	7,134,855	72.4	73.0	71.8
French	35	0	30	0.1	0.0	0.1	3,164,890	1,592,470	1,572,420	15.3	14.9	15.8
Non-official language	75	45	30	0.1	0.2	0.1	169,205	89,515	79,685	0.8	0.8	0.8
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	6,935	3,590	3,345	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	70	40	30	0.1	0.1	0.1	162,265	85,925	76,345	0.8	0.8	0.8
English and French	240	85	155	0.4	0.3	0.6	1,682,510	859,635	822,870	8.2	8.0	8.3
English and non-official language(s)	400	170	235	0.7	0.6	0.9	570,220	291,000	279,220	2.8	2.7	2.8
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	20,935	9,955	10,980	0.1	0.1	0.1
English, French and non-official language(s)	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.1	69,340	34,190	35,145	0.3	0.3	0.4
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	11,265	5,960	5,305	0.1	0.1	0.1
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	55,610	29,380	26,230	100.0	100.0	100.0	20,630,520	10,690,035	9,940,490	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	55,555	29,365	26,195	99.9	99.9	99.9	20,176,640	10,458,830	9,717,810	97.8	97.8	97.8
Official languages	55,430	29,290	26,135	99.7	99.7	99.6	19,866,180	10,297,010	9,569,175	96.3	96.3	96.3
English	55,355	29,290	26,070	99.5	99.7	99.4	15,879,850	8,272,750	7,607,105	77.0	77.4	76.5
French	65	0	65	0.1	0.0	0.2	3,986,330	2,024,260	1,962,070	19.3	18.9	19.7
Non-official languages	130	70	55	0.2	0.2	0.2	310,455	161,825	148,635	1.5	1.5	1.5
Indigenous languages³⁹	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	19,435	9,725	9,710	0.1	0.1	0.1
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	11,600	6,020	5,575	0.1	0.1	0.1
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	60	35	25	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	9,115	4,715	4,400	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,015	585	430	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5,985	3,170	2,815	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	110	65	40	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	765	385	385	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	80	45	40	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	190	110	85	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	140	80	65	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	4,695	2,500	2,205	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,955	875	1,075	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	155	80	80	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	835	435	400	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	825	430	395	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,585	830	755	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	20	0	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	875	490	385	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	695	340	355	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	40	20	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	40	25	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	610	295	320	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	895	410	480	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	890	410	475	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	20	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	535	255	280	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	155	70	90	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	35	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	25	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	100	45	55	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	130	75	55	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	30	10	25	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	6,630	3,200	3,425	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	20	0	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	6,605	3,200	3,405	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	30	0	25	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	30	0	25	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	25	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	125	50	80	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	35	15	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	30	0	25	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	20	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	30	10	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	40	15	30	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	40	0	35	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	120	65	50	0.2	0.2	0.2	291,025	152,095	138,925	1.4	1.4	1.4
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	9,265	5,300	3,955	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	45	35	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	30	20	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	415	185	235	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	40	20	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	365	155	210	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	8,785	5,080	3,705	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	215	95	120	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	7,190	4,250	2,940	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	460	325	130	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	330	240	90	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	90	70	25	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	40	20	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	585	240	340	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	325	165	160	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	20	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	9,770	4,135	5,635	0.0	0.0	0.1
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	495	215	285	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	9,260	3,905	5,350	0.0	0.0	0.1
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	15	15	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	4,760	2,180	2,580	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	45	15	25	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	95	45	50	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	165	90	70	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	170	90	80	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	4,205	1,895	2,310	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	50	30	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	390	185	210	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	375	170	205	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,010	1,410	1,605	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	250	140	110	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,685	1,255	1,425	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	70	15	55	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	80	45	35	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	50	30	20	0.1	0.1	0.1	112,395	64,055	48,335	0.5	0.6	0.5
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	315	170	140	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	530	295	235	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10,085	4,390	5,695	0.0	0.0	0.1
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	95	15	75	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	50	10	35	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	45	10	40	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	9,995	4,375	5,620	0.0	0.0	0.1
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	145	55	90	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	105	50	55	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	75	60	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,265	1,000	1,265	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5,240	2,085	3,155	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	835	485	355	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	120	80	40	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	155	95	65	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	555	310	245	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	40	10	25	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,265	620	650	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	60	30	30	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	55	25	30	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	14,250	8,060	6,190	0.1	0.1	0.1
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10,480	5,695	4,790	0.1	0.1	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	6,615	3,655	2,970	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,560	1,405	1,150	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	255	115	135	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,050	520	530	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,540	2,245	1,290	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	65	20	40	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	965	515	440	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	560	420	140	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,940	1,275	670	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	190	100	85	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	25	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	25	20	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	55	30	25	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	90	45	45	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	25	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	875	445	430	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	40	30	10	0.1	0.1	0.0	55,455	32,965	22,490	0.3	0.3	0.2
Indo-Aryan languages	25	25	0	0.0	0.1	0.0	48,020	28,910	19,100	0.2	0.3	0.2
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	645	290	355	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,115	515	600	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,235	1,145	1,090	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	20	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	275	125	145	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	25	25	0	0.0	0.1	0.0	40,840	25,480	15,365	0.2	0.2	0.2
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	25	0	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	105	80	25	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,725	1,265	1,465	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	20	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	7,430	4,045	3,385	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	175	145	35	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	130	70	60	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	7,110	3,825	3,285	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	800	445	360	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5,715	2,980	2,735	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	595	400	195	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	30,795	17,685	13,105	0.1	0.2	0.1
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,625	730	900	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	6,970	4,070	2,895	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	680	375	310	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	21,455	12,465	8,990	0.1	0.1	0.1
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	45	35	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	35	15	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,560	1,225	2,340	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	14,345	7,125	7,225	0.1	0.1	0.1
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	25	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	410	210	200	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	30	10	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	25	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	30	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	20	15	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	25	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	150	95	55	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	65	20	45	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	35	10	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,010	795	1,210	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,590	620	970	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	285	110	180	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	135	65	65	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	40	20	15	0.1	0.1	0.1	128,375	64,180	64,190	0.6	0.6	0.6
Chinese languages	40	20	15	0.1	0.1	0.1	128,045	63,990	64,055	0.6	0.6	0.6
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	45	25	25	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	76,040	37,760	38,280	0.4	0.4	0.4
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	35	20	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	485	210	270	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	20	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	50,950	25,725	25,225	0.2	0.2	0.3
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	460	240	220	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	295	175	125	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	60	40	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	135	85	50	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	120	80	45	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	90	45	45	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	30	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	765	310	450	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	80	30	50	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	670	275	395	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,345	695	650	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	35	15	25	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,270	660	615	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	30	20	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	485	215	270	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	70	15	50	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	90	25	65	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	330	170	160	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	20	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	55	15	40	0.1	0.1	0.2	453,880	231,205	222,675	2.2	2.2	2.2
English and French	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	321,975	163,305	158,675	1.6	1.5	1.6
English and non-official language(s)	40	10	35	0.1	0.0	0.1	115,955	60,210	55,745	0.6	0.6	0.6
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	6,280	2,795	3,485	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	7,405	3,795	3,605	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,265	1,100	1,165	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	55,610	29,380	26,230	100.0	100.0	100.0	20,630,520	10,690,035	9,940,490	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	55,010	29,145	25,865	98.9	99.2	98.6	18,696,980	9,704,050	8,992,935	90.6	90.8	90.5
English	85	25	65	0.2	0.1	0.2	902,625	474,755	427,875	4.4	4.4	4.3
French	195	75	115	0.4	0.3	0.4	589,755	288,955	300,800	2.9	2.7	3.0
Non-official language	275	125	145	0.5	0.4	0.6	331,375	168,035	163,335	1.6	1.6	1.6
Indigenous³⁹	25	15	10	0.0	0.1	0.0	18,190	7,740	10,450	0.1	0.1	0.1
Non-Indigenous	245	105	135	0.4	0.4	0.5	313,185	160,295	152,885	1.5	1.5	1.5
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,940	1,445	1,495	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	33,125	15,680	17,445	0.2	0.1	0.2
French and non-official language(s)	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	22,615	11,475	11,135	0.1	0.1	0.1
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	360	210	150	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	35	10	20	0.1	0.0	0.1	50,740	25,425	25,315	0.2	0.2	0.3
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	47,335	24,900	22,435	100.0	100.0	100.0	17,321,700	9,056,680	8,265,020	100.0	100.0	100.0
Worked at home	5,925	2,375	3,555	12.5	9.5	15.8	4,214,860	2,000,150	2,214,705	24.3	22.1	26.8
Worked outside Canada	45	35	10	0.1	0.1	0.0	58,335	40,295	18,035	0.3	0.4	0.2
No fixed workplace address	7,370	5,680	1,685	15.6	22.8	7.5	2,201,745	1,660,325	541,415	12.7	18.3	6.6
Usual place of work	33,990	16,810	17,180	71.8	67.5	76.6	10,846,770	5,355,910	5,490,860	62.6	59.1	66.4
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	33,990	16,810	17,180	100.0	100.0	100.0	10,846,770	5,355,905	5,490,860	100.0	100.0	100.0
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	28,110	13,505	14,610	82.7	80.3	85.0	6,397,120	2,970,205	3,426,915	59.0	55.5	62.4
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	4,780	2,475	2,305	14.1	14.7	13.4	2,343,640	1,185,830	1,157,810	21.6	22.1	21.1
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	925	695	230	2.7	4.1	1.3	2,007,950	1,139,665	868,285	18.5	21.3	15.8
Commute to a different province or territory	175	135	30	0.5	0.8	0.2	98,060	60,210	37,850	0.9	1.1	0.7
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	41,355	22,490	18,870	100.0	100.0	100.0	13,048,510	7,016,230	6,032,275	100.0	100.0	100.0
Car, truck or van	37,445	20,560	16,885	90.5	91.4	89.5	10,950,750	6,060,925	4,889,825	83.9	86.4	81.1
Car, truck or van - as a driver	34,965	19,535	15,425	84.5	86.9	81.7	10,106,595	5,717,830	4,388,770	77.5	81.5	72.8
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	2,480	1,020	1,460	6.0	4.5	7.7	844,155	343,100	501,050	6.5	4.9	8.3
Public transit	1,160	510	650	2.8	2.3	3.4	1,000,510	422,270	578,235	7.7	6.0	9.6
Walked	1,575	690	885	3.8	3.1	4.7	672,815	296,610	376,205	5.2	4.2	6.2
Bicycle	335	225	110	0.8	1.0	0.6	138,615	92,195	46,415	1.1	1.3	0.8
Other method	845	505	340	2.0	2.2	1.8	285,820	144,225	141,595	2.2	2.1	2.3
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	41,355	22,490	18,870	100.0	100.0	100.0	13,048,510	7,016,230	6,032,275	100.0	100.0	100.0
Less than 15 minutes	19,005	9,260	9,745	46.0	41.2	51.6	4,178,570	1,993,385	2,185,185	32.0	28.4	36.2
15 to 29 minutes	16,405	9,160	7,250	39.7	40.7	38.4	4,546,195	2,418,910	2,127,285	34.8	34.5	35.3
30 to 44 minutes	3,255	2,015	1,235	7.9	9.0	6.5	2,487,010	1,462,340	1,024,670	19.1	20.8	17.0
45 to 59 minutes	845	550	295	2.0	2.4	1.6	910,610	542,485	368,125	7.0	7.7	6.1
60 minutes and over	1,850	1,505	345	4.5	6.7	1.8	926,120	599,115	327,005	7.1	8.5	5.4
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	41,355	22,490	18,870	100.0	100.0	100.0	13,048,510	7,016,230	6,032,275	100.0	100.0	100.0
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	2,815	2,205	610	6.8	9.8	3.2	938,820	701,960	236,865	7.2	10.0	3.9
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	6,980	4,575	2,400	16.9	20.3	12.7	2,274,845	1,465,860	808,985	17.4	20.9	13.4
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	11,340	6,110	5,225	27.4	27.2	27.7	3,435,740	1,776,900	1,658,845	26.3	25.3	27.5
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	9,505	3,875	5,630	23.0	17.2	29.8	2,711,355	1,189,065	1,522,290	20.8	16.9	25.2
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	4,160	1,685	2,480	10.1	7.5	13.1	1,661,340	740,915	920,430	12.7	10.6	15.3
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	6,555	4,040	2,520	15.9	18.0	13.4	2,026,405	1,141,540	884,865	15.5	16.3	14.7
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	19,820	10,200	9,625	100.0	100.0	100.0	7,335,800	3,768,210	3,567,595	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	1,075	545	530	5.4	5.3	5.5	897,205	456,120	441,085	12.2	12.1	12.4
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	18,745	9,655	9,095	94.6	94.7	94.5	6,438,595	3,312,090	3,126,505	87.8	87.9	87.6
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	14,650	7,580	7,070	100.0	100.0	100.0	5,372,330	2,761,965	2,610,365	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	835	420	415	5.7	5.5	5.9	682,190	346,420	335,770	12.7	12.5	12.9
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	460	220	240	3.1	2.9	3.4	467,685	234,475	233,215	8.7	8.5	8.9
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	375	200	175	2.6	2.6	2.5	214,500	111,950	102,550	4.0	4.1	3.9
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	13,820	7,160	6,655	94.3	94.5	94.1	4,690,140	2,415,545	2,274,595	87.3	87.5	87.1

Symbol legend

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not applicable

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed July 4, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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