Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	Skeena-Queen Charlotte, Regional district (RD)More information: British Columbia [Census division]
	Counts			Rates
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	18,181	...	...	...	...	...
Population, 2016¹	18,133	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	0.3	...	...	0.3	...	...
Total private dwellings²	9,082	...	...	...	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	7,661	...	...	...	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	0.9	...	...	0.9	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	19,710.30	...	...	...	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	18,185	9,285	8,895	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	3,080	1,575	1,505	16.9	17.0	16.9
0 to 4 years	960	530	425	5.3	5.7	4.8
5 to 9 years	1,025	490	535	5.6	5.3	6.0
10 to 14 years	1,100	555	545	6.0	6.0	6.1
15 to 64 years	11,890	6,080	5,810	65.4	65.5	65.3
15 to 19 years	1,020	525	490	5.6	5.7	5.5
20 to 24 years	1,055	545	510	5.8	5.9	5.7
25 to 29 years	1,220	655	565	6.7	7.1	6.4
30 to 34 years	1,330	690	640	7.3	7.4	7.2
35 to 39 years	1,085	515	565	6.0	5.5	6.4
40 to 44 years	1,085	555	535	6.0	6.0	6.0
45 to 49 years	1,155	565	595	6.4	6.1	6.7
50 to 54 years	1,240	615	630	6.8	6.6	7.1
55 to 59 years	1,310	690	620	7.2	7.4	7.0
60 to 64 years	1,385	720	665	7.6	7.8	7.5
65 years and over	3,210	1,630	1,580	17.7	17.6	17.8
65 to 69 years	1,185	640	545	6.5	6.9	6.1
70 to 74 years	880	450	435	4.8	4.8	4.9
75 to 79 years	560	275	285	3.1	3.0	3.2
80 to 84 years	315	160	155	1.7	1.7	1.7
85 years and over	265	110	160	1.5	1.2	1.8
85 to 89 years	170	70	100	0.9	0.8	1.1
90 to 94 years	75	30	45	0.4	0.3	0.5
95 to 99 years	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
100 years and over	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	16.9	17.0	16.9	16.9	17.0	16.9
15 to 64 years	65.4	65.5	65.3	65.4	65.5	65.3
65 years and over	17.7	17.6	17.8	17.7	17.6	17.8
85 years and over	1.5	1.2	1.8	1.5	1.2	1.8
Average age of the population	41.1	40.9	41.3	41.1	40.9	41.3
Median age of the population	41.2	41.2	41.6	41.2	41.2	41.6
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	7,660	...	...	100.0	...	...
Single-detached house	4,990	...	...	65.1	...	...
Semi-detached house	360	...	...	4.7	...	...
Row house	325	...	...	4.2	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	680	...	...	8.9	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	995	...	...	13.0	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	55	...	...	0.7	...	...
Other single-attached house	30	...	...	0.4	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	220	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	7,660	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 person	2,520	...	...	32.9	...	...
2 persons	2,535	...	...	33.1	...	...
3 persons	1,130	...	...	14.8	...	...
4 persons	825	...	...	10.8	...	...
5 or more persons	650	...	...	8.5	...	...
Number of persons in private households	17,995	9,195	8,800	100.0	100.0	100.0
Average household size	2.4	...	...	2.4	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	15,100	7,710	7,385	100.0	100.0	100.0
Married or living common-law	8,020	4,035	3,985	53.1	52.3	54.0
Married	5,505	2,785	2,720	36.5	36.1	36.8
Living common-law	2,515	1,250	1,265	16.7	16.2	17.1
Living common law - Never married	2,030	1,025	1,010	13.4	13.3	13.7
Living common law - Separated	100	40	55	0.7	0.5	0.7
Living common law - Divorced	325	165	160	2.2	2.1	2.2
Living common law - Widowed	60	25	40	0.4	0.3	0.5
Not married and not living common-law	7,080	3,675	3,405	46.9	47.7	46.1
Not married and not living common law - Never married	4,855	2,785	2,065	32.2	36.1	28.0
Not married and not living common law - Separated	455	230	225	3.0	3.0	3.0
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	905	435	465	6.0	5.6	6.3
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	865	225	640	5.7	2.9	8.7
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	4,970	...	...	100.0	...	...
2 persons	2,675	...	...	53.8	...	...
3 persons	1,100	...	...	22.1	...	...
4 persons	770	...	...	15.5	...	...
5 or more persons	425	...	...	8.6	...	...
Average size of census families	2.8	...	...	2.8	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.8	...	...	1.8	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	4,970	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total couple families	3,885	...	...	78.2	...	...
Married couples	2,625	...	...	52.8	...	...
With children⁶	1,295	...	...	26.1	...	...
Without children	1,330	...	...	26.8	...	...
Common-law couples	1,260	...	...	25.4	...	...
With children⁶	570	...	...	11.5	...	...
Without children	685	...	...	13.8	...	...
Total one-parent families	1,090	...	...	21.9	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	785	...	...	15.8	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	300	...	...	6.0	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	17,995	9,195	8,800	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total - Persons in census families	14,060	7,040	7,025	78.1	76.6	79.8
Married spouses or common-law partners	7,765	3,875	3,895	43.2	42.1	44.3
Parents in one-parent families	1,085	300	785	6.0	3.3	8.9
Children⁶	5,205	2,865	2,345	28.9	31.2	26.6
In a two-parent family	3,490	1,875	1,615	19.4	20.4	18.4
In a one-parent family	1,715	990	730	9.5	10.8	8.3
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	3,930	2,155	1,780	21.8	23.4	20.2
Living alone	2,515	1,365	1,155	14.0	14.8	13.1
Living with other relatives⁷	600	295	305	3.3	3.2	3.5
Living with non-relatives only	815	500	320	4.5	5.4	3.6
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	7,660	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	4,160	...	...	54.3	...	...
Couple-family households	3,395	...	...	44.3	...	...
With children⁶	1,615	...	...	21.1	...	...
Without children	1,785	...	...	23.3	...	...
One-parent-family households	760	...	...	9.9	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	270	...	...	3.5	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	45	...	...	0.6	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	295	...	...	3.9	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	375	...	...	4.9	...	...
One-person households	2,520	...	...	32.9	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	14,925	7,625	7,295	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	14,500	7,425	7,070	97.2	97.4	96.9
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	40,800	46,000	36,800	40,800	46,000	36,800
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	14,515	7,435	7,080	97.3	97.5	97.1
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	37,600	42,000	34,400	37,600	42,000	34,400
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	12,300	6,415	5,875	82.4	84.1	80.5
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	37,200	45,600	30,600	37,200	45,600	30,600
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	10,580	5,580	5,005	70.9	73.2	68.6
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	40,000	50,000	32,800	40,000	50,000	32,800
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	11,880	5,715	6,170	79.6	75.0	84.6
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	11,000	10,100	11,600	11,000	10,100	11,600
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	1,995	1,015	980	13.4	13.3	13.4
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,280	6,500	6,000	6,280	6,500	6,000
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	3,755	1,805	1,945	25.2	23.7	26.7
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	14,920	7,625	7,295	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	14,485	7,410	7,080	97.1	97.2	97.1
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	53,400	61,750	44,640	53,400	61,750	44,640
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	14,505	7,420	7,085	97.2	97.3	97.1
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	45,720	51,500	39,680	45,720	51,500	39,680
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	12,320	6,390	5,930	82.6	83.8	81.3
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	51,300	61,400	40,360	51,300	61,400	40,360
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	10,580	5,585	4,990	70.9	73.2	68.4
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	53,500	63,800	42,000	53,500	63,800	42,000
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	11,800	5,675	6,125	79.1	74.4	84.0
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	11,990	11,410	12,530	11,990	11,410	12,530
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	1,850	945	910	12.4	12.4	12.5
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,180	7,500	6,860	7,180	7,500	6,860
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	3,765	1,920	1,845	25.2	25.2	25.3
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,510	8,470	8,550	8,510	8,470	8,550
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	14,920	7,625	7,300	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	4,545	2,575	1,970	30.5	33.8	27.0
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	68,500	85,000	55,600	68,500	85,000	55,600
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	80,000	92,800	63,250	80,000	92,800	63,250
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	4,590	2,270	2,325	30.8	29.8	31.8
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	23,600	26,400	21,200	23,600	26,400	21,200
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	35,360	41,400	29,440	35,360	41,400	29,440
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	81.8	85.8	75.8	81.8	85.8	75.8
Employment income (%)¹⁹	73.2	78.0	66.4	73.2	78.0	66.4
Government transfers (%)²⁰	18.3	14.2	24.3	18.3	14.2	24.3
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.7	1.6	2.0	1.7	1.6	2.0
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	5.2	4.3	6.5	5.2	4.3	6.5
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	4.1	3.6	5.0	4.1	3.6	5.0
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	14,920	7,625	7,295	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without total income	425	195	225	2.8	2.6	3.1
With total income	14,500	7,430	7,070	97.2	97.4	96.9
Under $10,000 (including loss)	1,490	725	765	10.3	9.8	10.8
$10,000 to $19,999	1,680	765	915	11.6	10.3	12.9
$20,000 to $29,999	2,200	1,015	1,190	15.2	13.7	16.8
$30,000 to $39,999	1,745	790	955	12.0	10.6	13.5
$40,000 to $49,999	1,480	695	785	10.2	9.4	11.1
$50,000 to $59,999	1,175	515	655	8.1	6.9	9.3
$60,000 to $69,999	945	470	480	6.5	6.3	6.8
$70,000 to $79,999	710	390	320	4.9	5.2	4.5
$80,000 to $89,999	600	325	275	4.1	4.4	3.9
$90,000 to $99,999	510	315	200	3.5	4.2	2.8
$100,000 and over	1,955	1,435	520	13.5	19.3	7.4
$100,000 to $149,999	1,270	870	405	8.8	11.7	5.7
$150,000 and over	685	565	120	4.7	7.6	1.7
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	14,920	7,625	7,295	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without after-tax income	405	195	215	2.7	2.6	2.9
With after-tax income	14,515	7,430	7,085	97.3	97.4	97.1
Under $10,000 (including loss)	1,530	735	800	10.5	9.9	11.3
$10,000 to $19,999	1,730	795	935	11.9	10.7	13.2
$20,000 to $29,999	2,410	1,115	1,295	16.6	15.0	18.3
$30,000 to $39,999	1,985	915	1,070	13.7	12.3	15.1
$40,000 to $49,999	1,660	750	910	11.4	10.1	12.8
$50,000 to $59,999	1,265	600	665	8.7	8.1	9.4
$60,000 to $69,999	985	545	445	6.8	7.3	6.3
$70,000 to $79,999	785	455	330	5.4	6.1	4.7
$80,000 to $89,999	580	365	215	4.0	4.9	3.0
$90,000 to $99,999	410	275	130	2.8	3.7	1.8
$100,000 and over	1,165	880	285	8.0	11.8	4.0
$100,000 to $124,999	665	470	195	4.6	6.3	2.8
$125,000 and over	500	410	90	3.4	5.5	1.3
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	14,920	7,625	7,295	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without employment income	4,340	2,050	2,295	29.1	26.9	31.5
With employment income	10,580	5,575	5,005	70.9	73.1	68.6
Under $5,000 (including loss)	1,405	660	745	13.3	11.8	14.9
$5,000 to $9,999	810	365	440	7.7	6.5	8.8
$10,000 to $19,999	1,075	470	605	10.2	8.4	12.1
$20,000 to $29,999	1,030	465	565	9.7	8.3	11.3
$30,000 to $39,999	960	440	525	9.1	7.9	10.5
$40,000 to $49,999	805	385	420	7.6	6.9	8.4
$50,000 to $59,999	790	370	420	7.5	6.6	8.4
$60,000 to $69,999	630	330	300	6.0	5.9	6.0
$70,000 to $79,999	495	270	225	4.7	4.8	4.5
$80,000 to $89,999	460	270	195	4.3	4.8	3.9
$90,000 to $99,999	440	260	175	4.2	4.7	3.5
$100,000 and over	1,680	1,275	405	15.9	22.9	8.1
$100,000 to $124,999	685	465	220	6.5	8.3	4.4
$125,000 and over	1,000	810	185	9.5	14.5	3.7
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	14,925	7,625	7,295	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	14,060	7,195	6,865	94.2	94.4	94.1
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	37,600	44,000	33,600	37,600	44,000	33,600
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	14,090	7,200	6,890	94.4	94.4	94.4
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	34,800	39,600	30,800	34,800	39,600	30,800
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	12,270	6,395	5,875	82.2	83.9	80.5
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	36,400	44,400	30,800	36,400	44,400	30,800
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	10,855	5,705	5,150	72.7	74.8	70.6
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	37,200	46,400	31,000	37,200	46,400	31,000
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	9,955	4,620	5,335	66.7	60.6	73.1
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	7,750	7,000	8,300	7,750	7,000	8,300
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	1,730	905	825	11.6	11.9	11.3
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,600	7,150	6,040	6,600	7,150	6,040
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	14,920	7,625	7,295	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	14,045	7,170	6,870	94.1	94.0	94.2
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	50,960	60,050	41,440	50,960	60,050	41,440
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	14,085	7,185	6,900	94.4	94.2	94.6
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	42,920	49,400	36,200	42,920	49,400	36,200
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	12,255	6,330	5,925	82.1	83.0	81.2
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	50,640	61,400	39,120	50,640	61,400	39,120
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	10,865	5,685	5,180	72.8	74.6	71.0
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	51,200	62,250	39,120	51,200	62,250	39,120
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	9,845	4,600	5,245	66.0	60.3	71.9
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	9,640	9,130	10,090	9,640	9,130	10,090
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	1,685	895	790	11.3	11.7	10.8
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	7,750	7,960	7,520	7,750	7,960	7,520
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	14,920	7,625	7,300	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	4,495	2,550	1,945	30.1	33.4	26.6
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	63,200	77,500	53,600	63,200	77,500	53,600
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	75,000	87,900	58,150	75,000	87,900	58,150
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	4,375	2,135	2,240	29.3	28.0	30.7
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	26,400	31,800	23,200	26,400	31,800	23,200
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	39,080	46,760	31,800	39,080	46,760	31,800
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	86.8	90.2	81.4	86.8	90.2	81.4
Employment income (%)	77.8	82.2	71.2	77.8	82.2	71.2
Government transfers (%)	13.3	9.8	18.6	13.3	9.8	18.6
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.8	1.7	2.1	1.8	1.7	2.1
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	7,660	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	83,000	...	...	83,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	74,000	...	...	74,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	2,520	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	43,200	...	...	43,200	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	39,600	...	...	39,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	5,145	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	108,000	...	...	108,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	96,000	...	...	96,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	7,660	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	100,900	...	...	100,900	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	86,600	...	...	86,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	2,520	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	57,500	...	...	57,500	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	48,960	...	...	48,960	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	5,140	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	122,200	...	...	122,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	105,000	...	...	105,000	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	7,660	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	115	...	...	1.5	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	50	...	...	0.7	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	100	...	...	1.3	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	170	...	...	2.2	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	360	...	...	4.7	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	280	...	...	3.7	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	250	...	...	3.3	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	250	...	...	3.3	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	255	...	...	3.3	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	295	...	...	3.9	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	560	...	...	7.3	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	550	...	...	7.2	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	465	...	...	6.1	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	440	...	...	5.7	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	375	...	...	4.9	...	...
$100,000 and over	3,140	...	...	41.0	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	840	...	...	11.0	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	625	...	...	8.2	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	875	...	...	11.4	...	...
$200,000 and over	795	...	...	10.4	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	7,660	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	120	...	...	1.6	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	50	...	...	0.7	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	100	...	...	1.3	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	175	...	...	2.3	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	375	...	...	4.9	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	300	...	...	3.9	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	285	...	...	3.7	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	275	...	...	3.6	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	310	...	...	4.0	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	365	...	...	4.8	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	640	...	...	8.4	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	590	...	...	7.7	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	575	...	...	7.5	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	445	...	...	5.8	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	415	...	...	5.4	...	...
$100,000 and over	2,640	...	...	34.5	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	935	...	...	12.2	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	660	...	...	8.6	...	...
$150,000 and over	1,035	...	...	13.5	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	4,875	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	107,000	...	...	107,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	96,000	...	...	96,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.0	...	...	3.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	1,820	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	98,000	...	...	98,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	87,000	...	...	87,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	1,895	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	138,000	...	...	138,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	120,000	...	...	120,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	4.1	...	...	4.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	960	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	70,000	...	...	70,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	65,000	...	...	65,000	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.8	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	3,335	1,865	1,470	...	...	...
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	40,400	42,400	38,000	40,400	42,400	38,000
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	37,200	38,800	35,200	37,200	38,800	35,200
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	4,865	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	121,900	...	...	121,900	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	104,600	...	...	104,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,850	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	116,000	...	...	116,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	98,400	...	...	98,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,895	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	150,800	...	...	150,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	128,800	...	...	128,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	950	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	80,800	...	...	80,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	72,200	...	...	72,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	3,390	1,910	1,480	...	...	...
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	53,250	58,100	47,040	53,250	58,100	47,040
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	45,640	48,800	41,560	45,640	48,800	41,560
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	17,990	9,195	8,795	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	3,690	1,895	1,795	20.5	20.6	20.4
0 to 5 years	1,150	625	525	6.4	6.8	6.0
18 to 64 years	11,195	5,715	5,485	62.2	62.2	62.4
65 years and over	3,110	1,585	1,520	17.3	17.2	17.3
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	2,260	1,130	1,125	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	540	265	275	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	170	85	85	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	1,215	625	590	...	...	...
65 years and over	510	245	260	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	12.5	12.3	12.8	12.5	12.3	12.8
0 to 17 years (%)	14.6	13.8	15.3	14.6	13.8	15.3
0 to 5 years (%)	14.8	14.0	15.8	14.8	14.0	15.8
18 to 64 years (%)	10.8	11.0	10.7	10.8	11.0	10.7
65 years and over (%)	16.4	15.4	17.4	16.4	15.4	17.4
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	15,705	8,020	7,680	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	3,130	1,610	1,520	19.9	20.1	19.8
0 to 5 years	1,000	540	455	6.4	6.7	5.9
18 to 64 years	9,840	5,015	4,825	62.7	62.5	62.8
65 years and over	2,735	1,400	1,335	17.4	17.5	17.4
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	420	225	195	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	75	35	35	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	15	5	5	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	295	170	125	...	...	...
65 years and over	50	20	25	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	2.7	2.8	2.5	2.7	2.8	2.5
0 to 17 years (%)	2.3	2.0	2.6	2.3	2.0	2.6
0 to 5 years (%)	1.4	1.2	1.6	1.4	1.2	1.6
18 to 64 years (%)	3.0	3.4	2.6	3.0	3.4	2.6
65 years and over (%)	1.9	1.6	2.0	1.9	1.6	2.0
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	17,995	9,195	8,800	100.0	100.0	100.0
In bottom half of the distribution	8,895	4,420	4,475	49.4	48.1	50.9
In bottom decile	2,045	1,045	1,000	11.4	11.4	11.4
In second decile	1,900	910	995	10.6	9.9	11.3
In third decile	1,715	855	860	9.5	9.3	9.8
In fourth decile	1,660	830	835	9.2	9.0	9.5
In fifth decile	1,575	785	790	8.8	8.5	9.0
In top half of the distribution	9,100	4,775	4,325	50.6	51.9	49.1
In sixth decile	1,535	770	765	8.5	8.4	8.7
In seventh decile	1,570	820	745	8.7	8.9	8.5
In eighth decile	1,680	880	805	9.3	9.6	9.1
In ninth decile	2,035	1,065	970	11.3	11.6	11.0
In top decile	2,280	1,240	1,030	12.7	13.5	11.7
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	17,995	...	...	17,995	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.339	...	...	0.339	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.460	...	...	0.460	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.300	...	...	0.300	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	4.3	...	...	4.3	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	18,165	9,280	8,890	100.0	100.0	100.0
English only	17,180	8,840	8,340	94.6	95.3	93.8
French only	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
English and French	835	375	465	4.6	4.0	5.2
Neither English nor French	145	60	85	0.8	0.6	1.0
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	18,165	9,280	8,890	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	17,865	9,140	8,730	98.3	98.5	98.2
French	145	75	70	0.8	0.8	0.8
English and French	15	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Neither English nor French	145	60	85	0.8	0.6	1.0
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	18,165	9,280	8,890	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	17,730	9,055	8,675	97.6	97.6	97.6
Official languages	15,915	8,145	7,775	87.6	87.8	87.5
English	15,765	8,065	7,700	86.8	86.9	86.6
French	155	80	75	0.9	0.9	0.8
Non-official languages	1,815	915	900	10.0	9.9	10.1
Indigenous languages³⁹	125	55	70	0.7	0.6	0.8
Algonquian languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	25	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	90	40	50	0.5	0.4	0.6
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	10	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Nisga'a	20	5	15	0.1	0.1	0.2
Tsimshian	60	30	25	0.3	0.3	0.3
Wakashan languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Haisla	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	1,685	855	835	9.3	9.2	9.4
Afro-Asiatic languages	40	25	20	0.2	0.3	0.2
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	40	25	20	0.2	0.3	0.2
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	40	25	20	0.2	0.3	0.2
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	320	155	165	1.8	1.7	1.9
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	315	155	160	1.7	1.7	1.8
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	175	80	100	1.0	0.9	1.1
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	15	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	140	65	80	0.8	0.7	0.9
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	60	40	20	0.3	0.4	0.2
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	45	25	20	0.2	0.3	0.2
Tamil	10	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Telugu	10	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	895	465	430	4.9	5.0	4.8
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	80	30	45	0.4	0.3	0.5
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	80	35	45	0.4	0.4	0.5
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	15	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Russian	10	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	220	115	105	1.2	1.2	1.2
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	120	65	60	0.7	0.7	0.7
German	110	55	50	0.6	0.6	0.6
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	15	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	75	40	40	0.4	0.4	0.4
Afrikaans	30	20	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Dutch	40	15	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	15	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Swedish	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	365	205	160	2.0	2.2	1.8
Indo-Aryan languages	360	205	155	2.0	2.2	1.7
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	10	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Hindi	40	20	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	295	165	125	1.6	1.8	1.4
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	230	115	120	1.3	1.2	1.3
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	110	60	45	0.6	0.6	0.5
Portuguese	75	35	40	0.4	0.4	0.4
Romanian	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Spanish	35	10	25	0.2	0.1	0.3
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.2
Korean	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Akan (Twi)	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	105	55	45	0.6	0.6	0.5
Chinese languages	105	55	45	0.6	0.6	0.5
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	15	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	80	45	40	0.4	0.5	0.4
Chinese, n.o.s.	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	10	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Estonian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	15	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	440	225	215	2.4	2.4	2.4
English and French	60	25	30	0.3	0.3	0.3
English and non-official language(s)	355	190	165	2.0	2.0	1.9
French and non-official language(s)	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
English, French and non-official language(s)	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	20	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	18,165	9,280	8,890	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	16,160	8,265	7,895	89.0	89.1	88.8
French	25	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Non-official language	425	215	215	2.3	2.3	2.4
Indigenous³⁹	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Non-Indigenous	415	210	205	2.3	2.3	2.3
English and French	120	55	70	0.7	0.6	0.8
English and non-official language(s)	1,380	710	665	7.6	7.7	7.5
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	45	20	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Multiple non-official languages	20	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	18,165	9,280	8,890	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	17,930	9,145	8,790	98.7	98.5	98.9
Official languages	17,120	8,725	8,400	94.2	94.0	94.5
English	17,085	8,705	8,380	94.1	93.8	94.3
French	35	15	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Non-official languages	810	420	395	4.5	4.5	4.4
Indigenous languages³⁹	15	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	15	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	795	415	385	4.4	4.5	4.3
Afro-Asiatic languages	25	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.2
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.2
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.2
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	250	130	125	1.4	1.4	1.4
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	250	130	125	1.4	1.4	1.4
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	80	45	40	0.4	0.5	0.4
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	70	40	30	0.4	0.4	0.3
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	35	20	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	35	25	10	0.2	0.3	0.1
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	335	175	160	1.8	1.9	1.8
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	25	15	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	20	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
German	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	10	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Afrikaans	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Dutch	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	255	135	120	1.4	1.5	1.3
Indo-Aryan languages	250	135	115	1.4	1.5	1.3
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Hindi	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	220	115	105	1.2	1.2	1.2
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	50	20	25	0.3	0.2	0.3
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Portuguese	25	5	15	0.1	0.1	0.2
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	0	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	15	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
American Sign Language	10	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Sino-Tibetan languages	40	20	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Chinese languages	40	20	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	35	15	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	235	140	100	1.3	1.5	1.1
English and French	25	15	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
English and non-official language(s)	210	125	90	1.2	1.3	1.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	18,165	9,280	8,890	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	16,820	8,620	8,205	92.6	92.9	92.3
English	325	175	150	1.8	1.9	1.7
French	90	35	60	0.5	0.4	0.7
Non-official language	780	375	400	4.3	4.0	4.5
Indigenous³⁹	195	95	95	1.1	1.0	1.1
Non-Indigenous	585	285	300	3.2	3.1	3.4
English and French	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	50	30	20	0.3	0.3	0.2
French and non-official language(s)	35	20	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	65	30	35	0.4	0.3	0.4
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	17,995	9,195	8,795	100.0	100.0	100.0
Official languages	17,810	9,125	8,685	99.0	99.2	98.7
English	17,790	9,115	8,675	98.9	99.1	98.6
French	940	470	460	5.2	5.1	5.2
Non-official languages	2,965	1,480	1,485	16.5	16.1	16.9
Indigenous languages³⁹	405	205	200	2.3	2.2	2.3
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	135	55	80	0.8	0.6	0.9
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	240	130	105	1.3	1.4	1.2
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Nisga'a	50	35	15	0.3	0.4	0.2
Tsimshian	185	105	85	1.0	1.1	1.0
Wakashan languages	20	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
Haisla	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	2,575	1,285	1,290	14.3	14.0	14.7
Afro-Asiatic languages	105	55	55	0.6	0.6	0.6
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Hausa	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	105	50	55	0.6	0.5	0.6
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	105	50	55	0.6	0.5	0.6
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	415	195	220	2.3	2.1	2.5
Khmer (Cambodian)	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Vietnamese	415	195	220	2.3	2.1	2.5
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	255	110	145	1.4	1.2	1.6
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	25	0	25	0.1	0.0	0.3
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	250	110	145	1.4	1.2	1.6
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	35	10	20	0.2	0.1	0.2
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	30	20	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	1,570	820	750	8.7	8.9	8.5
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	105	60	35	0.6	0.7	0.4
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	100	60	35	0.6	0.7	0.4
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	15	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Russian	35	20	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Ukrainian	20	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	415	205	215	2.3	2.2	2.4
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	245	120	125	1.4	1.3	1.4
German	210	115	100	1.2	1.3	1.1
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	35	20	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	145	80	65	0.8	0.9	0.7
Afrikaans	80	50	30	0.4	0.5	0.3
Dutch	60	25	35	0.3	0.3	0.4
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	45	20	25	0.3	0.2	0.3
Danish	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	30	10	20	0.2	0.1	0.2
Swedish	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	570	330	240	3.2	3.6	2.7
Indo-Aryan languages	570	330	240	3.2	3.6	2.7
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	30	20	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
Hindi	225	140	90	1.3	1.5	1.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	485	265	215	2.7	2.9	2.4
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	515	230	290	2.9	2.5	3.3
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	205	105	105	1.1	1.1	1.2
Portuguese	120	60	65	0.7	0.7	0.7
Romanian	15	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Spanish	230	90	140	1.3	1.0	1.6
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	60	25	35	0.3	0.3	0.4
Korean	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	30	0	20	0.2	0.0	0.2
Akan (Twi)	25	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.2
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.2
American Sign Language	25	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	100	50	50	0.6	0.5	0.6
Chinese languages	100	50	50	0.6	0.5	0.6
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	35	15	25	0.2	0.2	0.3
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	85	45	40	0.5	0.5	0.5
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	17,995	9,195	8,795	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	7,670	3,895	3,770	42.6	42.4	42.9
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	7,495	3,825	3,675	41.7	41.6	41.8
First Nations (North American Indian)	7,025	3,555	3,470	39.0	38.7	39.5
Métis	465	265	195	2.6	2.9	2.2
Inuk (Inuit)	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	30	20	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	135	60	80	0.8	0.7	0.9
Non-Indigenous identity	10,325	5,295	5,025	57.4	57.6	57.1
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	17,995	9,195	8,795	100.0	100.0	100.0
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	6,320	3,190	3,130	35.1	34.7	35.6
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	11,670	6,000	5,670	64.9	65.3	64.5
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	7,665	...	...	100.0	...	...
Owner	4,830	...	...	63.0	...	...
Renter	2,430	...	...	31.7	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	395	...	...	5.2	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	7,665	...	...	100.0	...	...
Condominium	250	...	...	3.3	...	...
Not condominium	7,410	...	...	96.7	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	7,665	...	...	100.0	...	...
No bedrooms	40	...	...	0.5	...	...
1 bedroom	940	...	...	12.3	...	...
2 bedrooms	1,730	...	...	22.6	...	...
3 bedrooms	2,895	...	...	37.8	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	2,055	...	...	26.8	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	7,665	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	2,030	...	...	26.5	...	...
5 rooms	1,345	...	...	17.5	...	...
6 rooms	1,245	...	...	16.2	...	...
7 rooms	1,025	...	...	13.4	...	...
8 or more rooms	2,015	...	...	26.3	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.1	...	...	6.1	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	7,665	...	...	100.0	...	...
One person or fewer per room	7,475	...	...	97.5	...	...
More than one person per room	185	...	...	2.4	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	7,665	...	...	100.0	...	...
Suitable	7,240	...	...	94.5	...	...
Not suitable	420	...	...	5.5	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	7,665	...	...	100.0	...	...
1960 or before	2,095	...	...	27.3	...	...
1961 to 1980	2,905	...	...	37.9	...	...
1981 to 1990	1,200	...	...	15.7	...	...
1991 to 2000	865	...	...	11.3	...	...
2001 to 2005	160	...	...	2.1	...	...
2006 to 2010	125	...	...	1.6	...	...
2011 to 2015	105	...	...	1.4	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	205	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	7,665	...	...	100.0	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	6,390	...	...	83.4	...	...
Major repairs needed	1,275	...	...	16.6	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	7,665	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-maintainer household	4,145	...	...	54.1	...	...
Two-maintainer household	3,010	...	...	39.3	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	510	...	...	6.7	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	7,665	...	...	100.0	...	...
15 to 24 years	220	...	...	2.9	...	...
25 to 34 years	1,145	...	...	14.9	...	...
35 to 44 years	1,195	...	...	15.6	...	...
45 to 54 years	1,340	...	...	17.5	...	...
55 to 64 years	1,635	...	...	21.3	...	...
65 to 74 years	1,335	...	...	17.4	...	...
75 to 84 years	610	...	...	8.0	...	...
85 years and over	180	...	...	2.3	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	6,775	...	...	100.0	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	5,820	...	...	85.9	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	960	...	...	14.2	...	...
30% to less than 100%	875	...	...	12.9	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	7,665	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	2,360	...	...	30.8	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	770	...	...	10.0	...	...
Not suitable only	285	...	...	3.7	...	...
Major repairs needed only	1,020	...	...	13.3	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	30	...	...	0.4	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	145	...	...	1.9	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	100	...	...	1.3	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Acceptable housing	5,300	...	...	69.1	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	6,700	...	...	100.0	...	...
In core need	640	...	...	9.6	...	...
Not in core need	6,055	...	...	90.4	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	4,405	...	...	...	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	56.6	...	...	56.6	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	9.2	...	...	9.2	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	6.6	...	...	6.6	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,000	...	...	1,000	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,200	...	...	1,200	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	348,000	...	...	348,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	381,600	...	...	381,600	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	2,375	...	...	...	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	13.1	...	...	13.1	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	23.4	...	...	23.4	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	15.1	...	...	15.1	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,010	...	...	1,010	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,067	...	...	1,067	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	395	...	...	...	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	11.4	...	...	11.4	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	234	...	...	234	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	358	...	...	358	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	17,990	9,195	8,800	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	5,340	2,750	2,590	29.7	29.9	29.4
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	5,325	2,740	2,590	29.6	29.8	29.4
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	5,220	2,675	2,540	29.0	29.1	28.9
Métis single ancestry	105	65	40	0.6	0.7	0.5
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	2,195	1,105	1,090	12.2	12.0	12.4
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	2,120	1,065	1,055	11.8	11.6	12.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	1,900	940	960	10.6	10.2	10.9
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	215	120	95	1.2	1.3	1.1
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	75	45	35	0.4	0.5	0.4
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	75	45	35	0.4	0.5	0.4
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	10,460	5,345	5,115	58.1	58.1	58.1
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	17,990	9,195	8,800	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	17,045	8,750	8,295	94.7	95.2	94.3
Canadian citizens aged under 18	3,620	1,850	1,765	20.1	20.1	20.1
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	13,425	6,895	6,530	74.6	75.0	74.2
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	950	445	505	5.3	4.8	5.7
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	17,990	9,195	8,800	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	15,690	8,045	7,640	87.2	87.5	86.8
Immigrants⁸¹	1,995	960	1,035	11.1	10.4	11.8
Before 1980	630	335	295	3.5	3.6	3.4
1980 to 1990	305	170	140	1.7	1.8	1.6
1991 to 2000	260	125	140	1.4	1.4	1.6
2001 to 2010	280	100	185	1.6	1.1	2.1
2011 to 2021⁸²	520	230	285	2.9	2.5	3.2
2011 to 2015	185	100	75	1.0	1.1	0.9
2016 to 2021	335	130	200	1.9	1.4	2.3
Non-permanent residents⁸³	305	185	120	1.7	2.0	1.4
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	1,995	960	1,035	100.0	100.0	100.0
Under 5 years	160	85	80	8.0	8.9	7.7
5 to 14 years	405	205	200	20.3	21.4	19.3
15 to 24 years	525	295	230	26.3	30.7	22.2
25 to 44 years	785	330	455	39.3	34.4	44.0
45 years and over	115	45	70	5.8	4.7	6.8
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	1,995	960	1,035	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	250	120	130	12.5	12.5	12.6
Brazil	15	0	10	0.8	0.0	1.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
El Salvador	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyana	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	10	0	10	0.5	0.0	1.0
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	195	90	100	9.8	9.4	9.7
Other places of birth in Americas	10	10	10	0.5	1.0	1.0
Europe	625	320	310	31.3	33.3	30.0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	15	10	0	0.8	1.0	0.0
Germany	60	35	25	3.0	3.6	2.4
Greece	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	20	10	10	1.0	1.0	1.0
Italy	100	45	55	5.0	4.7	5.3
Netherlands	40	20	15	2.0	2.1	1.4
Poland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portugal	70	35	40	3.5	3.6	3.9
Romania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	185	85	100	9.3	8.9	9.7
Other places of birth in Europe	100	50	50	5.0	5.2	4.8
Africa	75	35	40	3.8	3.6	3.9
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	10	10	0	0.5	1.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	55	25	30	2.8	2.6	2.9
Other places of birth in Africa	10	0	10	0.5	0.0	1.0
Asia	1,005	475	530	50.4	49.5	51.2
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	20	0	10	1.0	0.0	1.0
Syria⁸⁹	65	30	35	3.3	3.1	3.4
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	35	15	25	1.8	1.6	2.4
Hong Kong⁹¹	25	10	15	1.3	1.0	1.4
Korea, South⁹²	10	10	0	0.5	1.0	0.0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	245	100	145	12.3	10.4	14.0
Viet Nam	295	145	155	14.8	15.1	15.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	260	140	120	13.0	14.6	11.6
Pakistan	10	0	10	0.5	0.0	1.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	35	0	25	1.8	0.0	2.4
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	40	0	30	2.0	0.0	2.9
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	335	130	205	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	25	15	15	7.5	11.5	7.3
Brazil	15	0	10	4.5	0.0	4.9
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Americas	10	0	0	3.0	0.0	0.0
Europe	30	15	15	9.0	11.5	7.3
France	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Europe	25	10	15	7.5	7.7	7.3
Africa	20	10	15	6.0	7.7	7.3
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	15	0	10	4.5	0.0	4.9
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asia	240	95	150	71.6	73.1	73.2
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	75	45	30	22.4	34.6	14.6
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	35	0	30	10.4	0.0	14.6
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	65	30	40	19.4	23.1	19.5
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	35	10	20	10.4	7.7	9.8
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania and other⁹³	10	0	10	3.0	0.0	4.9
Australia	10	0	10	3.0	0.0	4.9
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	17,995	9,195	8,795	100.0	100.0	100.0
First generation¹⁰⁰	2,445	1,210	1,230	13.6	13.2	14.0
Second generation¹⁰¹	2,585	1,335	1,250	14.4	14.5	14.2
Third generation or more¹⁰²	12,965	6,645	6,320	72.0	72.3	71.9
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	1,370	625	740	100.0	100.0	100.0
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	505	255	245	36.9	40.8	33.1
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	240	130	105	17.5	20.8	14.2
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	265	125	140	19.3	20.0	18.9
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	620	225	395	45.3	36.0	53.4
Refugees¹⁰⁸	240	145	100	17.5	23.2	13.5
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	1,370	625	740	100.0	100.0	100.0
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	20	10	0	1.5	1.6	0.0
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	205	90	115	15.0	14.4	15.5
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	60	30	25	4.4	4.8	3.4
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	110	60	45	8.0	9.6	6.1
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	970	425	545	70.8	68.0	73.6
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	17,995	9,195	8,795	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	2,050	1,030	1,015	11.4	11.2	11.5
South Asian	660	380	280	3.7	4.1	3.2
Chinese	145	65	75	0.8	0.7	0.9
Black	65	25	40	0.4	0.3	0.5
Filipino	335	150	185	1.9	1.6	2.1
Arab	90	45	45	0.5	0.5	0.5
Latin American	35	15	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Southeast Asian	525	250	275	2.9	2.7	3.1
West Asian	25	15	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Korean	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Japanese	65	30	30	0.4	0.3	0.3
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	25	15	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Multiple visible minorities	70	35	40	0.4	0.4	0.5
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	15,945	8,165	7,780	88.6	88.8	88.5
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	17,990	9,195	8,800	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian	1,305	670	635	7.3	7.3	7.2
English	3,145	1,490	1,655	17.5	16.2	18.8
Irish	2,100	940	1,155	11.7	10.2	13.1
Scottish	2,825	1,380	1,450	15.7	15.0	16.5
French, n.o.s.¹²²	1,115	525	590	6.2	5.7	6.7
German	1,840	945	895	10.2	10.3	10.2
Chinese	235	100	135	1.3	1.1	1.5
Italian	780	420	365	4.3	4.6	4.1
Indian (India)	365	210	155	2.0	2.3	1.8
Ukrainian	620	330	285	3.4	3.6	3.2
Dutch	555	310	245	3.1	3.4	2.8
Polish	410	195	215	2.3	2.1	2.4
Québécois	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	460	235	225	2.6	2.6	2.6
Filipino	360	160	205	2.0	1.7	2.3
French Canadian	180	95	85	1.0	1.0	1.0
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	290	190	100	1.6	2.1	1.1
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	2,265	1,140	1,130	12.6	12.4	12.8
Métis	410	235	175	2.3	2.6	2.0
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	365	215	155	2.0	2.3	1.8
Russian	255	145	105	1.4	1.6	1.2
Norwegian	845	460	390	4.7	5.0	4.4
Welsh	380	180	200	2.1	2.0	2.3
Portuguese	225	110	115	1.3	1.2	1.3
American	220	110	110	1.2	1.2	1.3
Spanish	145	65	80	0.8	0.7	0.9
Swedish	440	225	215	2.4	2.4	2.4
Hungarian	120	70	50	0.7	0.8	0.6
Acadian	35	30	10	0.2	0.3	0.1
Pakistani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	30	15	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Jewish	70	45	25	0.4	0.5	0.3
Punjabi	120	70	45	0.7	0.8	0.5
Vietnamese	465	220	245	2.6	2.4	2.8
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	40	10	30	0.2	0.1	0.3
Jamaican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	70	35	40	0.4	0.4	0.5
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	115	50	65	0.6	0.5	0.7
Korean	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Romanian	95	45	50	0.5	0.5	0.6
Lebanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Danish	185	75	110	1.0	0.8	1.3
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	545	315	230	3.0	3.4	2.6
Sikh	175	80	95	1.0	0.9	1.1
Austrian	205	80	125	1.1	0.9	1.4
Belgian	80	25	55	0.4	0.3	0.6
Haitian	20	15	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Hindu	35	25	10	0.2	0.3	0.1
Mexican	45	20	20	0.3	0.2	0.2
Mennonite	70	30	40	0.4	0.3	0.5
Swiss	115	45	65	0.6	0.5	0.7
Finnish	120	60	60	0.7	0.7	0.7
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	35	10	25	0.2	0.1	0.3
Japanese	160	70	90	0.9	0.8	1.0
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	45	15	25	0.3	0.2	0.3
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	120	65	45	0.7	0.7	0.5
Muslim	50	15	35	0.3	0.2	0.4
Egyptian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	155	80	70	0.9	0.9	0.8
Colombian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moroccan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	75	25	50	0.4	0.3	0.6
Syrian	30	15	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afghan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Serbian	10	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Ojibway	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Newfoundlander	60	30	30	0.3	0.3	0.3
Hong Konger	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ontarian	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.2
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazilian	30	10	25	0.2	0.1	0.3
Nigerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	35	10	25	0.2	0.1	0.3
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	45	10	30	0.3	0.1	0.3
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Algonquin	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
South African	45	35	15	0.3	0.4	0.2
Australian	25	0	25	0.1	0.0	0.3
Palestinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chilean	25	15	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Congolese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nova Scotian	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	20	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Peruvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cambodian (Khmer)	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Berber	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovenian	15	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Canadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israeli	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	50	25	30	0.3	0.3	0.3
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Bulgarian	20	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Albertan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African American	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	15	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	20	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Laotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Irish	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.2
British Columbian	80	45	35	0.4	0.5	0.4
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jatt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
Dominican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Abenaki	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	20	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
New Zealander	65	35	25	0.4	0.4	0.3
Sudanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Breton	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gaspesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norman	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Manitoban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Honduran	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cherokee	35	10	25	0.2	0.1	0.3
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Flemish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Goan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamileke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Libyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Basque	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igorot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guinean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maliseet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Beninese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Roma	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tajik	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amhara	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	17,995	9,195	8,795	100.0	100.0	100.0
Buddhist	220	105	110	1.2	1.1	1.3
Christian	5,800	2,675	3,120	32.2	29.1	35.5
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	850	395	450	4.7	4.3	5.1
Anabaptist	95	45	55	0.5	0.5	0.6
Anglican	1,070	470	605	5.9	5.1	6.9
Baptist	120	55	65	0.7	0.6	0.7
Catholic	1,860	865	995	10.3	9.4	11.3
Christian Orthodox	35	15	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Jehovah's Witness	120	65	60	0.7	0.7	0.7
Latter Day Saints	50	15	30	0.3	0.2	0.3
Lutheran	230	120	110	1.3	1.3	1.3
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	60	25	35	0.3	0.3	0.4
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	195	80	110	1.1	0.9	1.3
Presbyterian	65	40	30	0.4	0.4	0.3
Reformed	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Church	910	425	480	5.1	4.6	5.5
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	145	75	70	0.8	0.8	0.8
Hindu	165	110	60	0.9	1.2	0.7
Jewish	25	20	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Muslim	150	70	75	0.8	0.8	0.9
Sikh	415	215	200	2.3	2.3	2.3
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	175	80	100	1.0	0.9	1.1
Other religions and spiritual traditions	180	80	100	1.0	0.9	1.1
No religion and secular perspectives	10,860	5,835	5,030	60.4	63.5	57.2
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	17,835	9,095	8,730	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	15,715	8,050	7,665	88.1	88.5	87.8
Movers	2,120	1,045	1,065	11.9	11.5	12.2
Non-migrants	1,385	680	705	7.8	7.5	8.1
Migrants	730	370	360	4.1	4.1	4.1
Internal migrants	570	295	275	3.2	3.2	3.2
Intraprovincial migrants	435	220	215	2.4	2.4	2.5
Interprovincial migrants	140	70	60	0.8	0.8	0.7
External migrants	155	75	90	0.9	0.8	1.0
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	17,055	8,620	8,440	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	10,315	5,300	5,015	60.5	61.5	59.4
Movers	6,745	3,320	3,420	39.5	38.5	40.5
Non-migrants	3,315	1,600	1,710	19.4	18.6	20.3
Migrants	3,430	1,720	1,705	20.1	20.0	20.2
Internal migrants	2,915	1,480	1,435	17.1	17.2	17.0
Intraprovincial migrants	2,205	1,110	1,100	12.9	12.9	13.0
Interprovincial migrants	710	370	335	4.2	4.3	4.0
External migrants	520	240	270	3.0	2.8	3.2
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	14,920	7,625	7,295	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	4,280	2,365	1,915	28.7	31.0	26.3
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	10,640	5,255	5,385	71.3	68.9	73.8
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	9,785	5,025	4,755	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	2,175	1,260	915	22.2	25.1	19.2
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	7,610	3,765	3,840	77.8	74.9	80.8
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	14,920	7,625	7,295	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	3,780	2,005	1,775	25.3	26.3	24.3
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	4,850	2,395	2,455	32.5	31.4	33.7
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	6,290	3,220	3,065	42.2	42.2	42.0
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	4,105	2,355	1,745	27.5	30.9	23.9
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	1,585	1,310	280	10.6	17.2	3.8
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	685	500	180	4.6	6.6	2.5
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	905	805	100	6.1	10.6	1.4
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	2,150	900	1,250	14.4	11.8	17.1
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	370	155	215	2.5	2.0	2.9
Bachelor's degree or higher	2,185	865	1,320	14.6	11.3	18.1
Bachelor's degree	1,425	585	840	9.6	7.7	11.5
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	200	60	135	1.3	0.8	1.9
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	65	35	30	0.4	0.5	0.4
Master's degree	450	165	290	3.0	2.2	4.0
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	50	20	30	0.3	0.3	0.4
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	9,785	5,030	4,755	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	1,855	1,030	830	19.0	20.5	17.5
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	3,120	1,545	1,575	31.9	30.7	33.1
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	4,805	2,455	2,350	49.1	48.8	49.4
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	3,075	1,770	1,305	31.4	35.2	27.4
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	1,150	960	190	11.8	19.1	4.0
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	535	415	120	5.5	8.3	2.5
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	615	550	65	6.3	10.9	1.4
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	1,650	695	960	16.9	13.8	20.2
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	270	110	160	2.8	2.2	3.4
Bachelor's degree or higher	1,730	680	1,050	17.7	13.5	22.1
Bachelor's degree	1,100	455	645	11.2	9.0	13.6
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	145	50	95	1.5	1.0	2.0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	60	30	30	0.6	0.6	0.6
Master's degree	385	130	255	3.9	2.6	5.4
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	45	20	25	0.5	0.4	0.5
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	14,925	7,625	7,295	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	8,630	4,400	4,230	57.8	57.7	58.0
Education	585	155	425	3.9	2.0	5.8
13. Education	585	155	425	3.9	2.0	5.8
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	225	110	115	1.5	1.4	1.6
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	35	25	10	0.2	0.3	0.1
50. Visual and performing arts	190	85	105	1.3	1.1	1.4
Humanities	365	185	185	2.4	2.4	2.5
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
23. English language and literature/letters	50	15	40	0.3	0.2	0.5
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	210	105	100	1.4	1.4	1.4
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	30	15	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
39. Theology and religious vocations	15	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
54. History	45	35	10	0.3	0.5	0.1
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	520	130	385	3.5	1.7	5.3
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	35	15	20	0.2	0.2	0.3
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	145	0	140	1.0	0.0	1.9
22. Legal professions and studies	55	20	35	0.4	0.3	0.5
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
42. Psychology	70	10	60	0.5	0.1	0.8
45. Social sciences	190	65	125	1.3	0.9	1.7
Business, management and public administration	1,020	315	700	6.8	4.1	9.6
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	135	20	115	0.9	0.3	1.6
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	885	295	590	5.9	3.9	8.1
Physical and life sciences and technologies	235	105	125	1.6	1.4	1.7
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	105	35	70	0.7	0.5	1.0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	80	40	45	0.5	0.5	0.6
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
40. Physical sciences	35	25	10	0.2	0.3	0.1
41. Science technologies/technicians	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	95	60	35	0.6	0.8	0.5
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	65	40	25	0.4	0.5	0.3
25. Library science	25	20	10	0.2	0.3	0.1
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	1,545	1,455	90	10.4	19.1	1.2
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
14. Engineering	105	105	0	0.7	1.4	0.0
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	265	240	30	1.8	3.1	0.4
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	560	540	20	3.8	7.1	0.3
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	380	365	15	2.5	4.8	0.2
48. Precision production	225	205	25	1.5	2.7	0.3
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	185	85	100	1.2	1.1	1.4
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	70	25	40	0.5	0.3	0.5
03. Natural resources and conservation	120	65	55	0.8	0.9	0.8
Health and related fields	840	140	705	5.6	1.8	9.7
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	45	30	15	0.3	0.4	0.2
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	785	110	670	5.3	1.4	9.2
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Personal, protective and transportation services	670	470	195	4.5	6.2	2.7
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	290	130	155	1.9	1.7	2.1
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	80	65	15	0.5	0.9	0.2
49. Transportation and materials moving	310	280	25	2.1	3.7	0.3
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	9,785	5,030	4,760	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	4,980	2,575	2,405	50.9	51.2	50.5
Education	440	115	330	4.5	2.3	6.9
13. Education	440	115	330	4.5	2.3	6.9
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	195	100	95	2.0	2.0	2.0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	30	25	0	0.3	0.5	0.0
50. Visual and performing arts	165	75	90	1.7	1.5	1.9
Humanities	245	125	120	2.5	2.5	2.5
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	15	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.3
23. English language and literature/letters	45	10	35	0.5	0.2	0.7
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	120	60	60	1.2	1.2	1.3
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
39. Theology and religious vocations	15	15	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
54. History	40	35	0	0.4	0.7	0.0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	420	90	335	4.3	1.8	7.0
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	15	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.2
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	20	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.3
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	125	0	125	1.3	0.0	2.6
22. Legal professions and studies	45	15	35	0.5	0.3	0.7
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
42. Psychology	45	10	35	0.5	0.2	0.7
45. Social sciences	165	50	110	1.7	1.0	2.3
Business, management and public administration	815	255	560	8.3	5.1	11.8
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	110	20	90	1.1	0.4	1.9
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	705	235	470	7.2	4.7	9.9
Physical and life sciences and technologies	175	85	90	1.8	1.7	1.9
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	85	30	60	0.9	0.6	1.3
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	40	20	20	0.4	0.4	0.4
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
40. Physical sciences	40	30	10	0.4	0.6	0.2
41. Science technologies/technicians	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	90	65	30	0.9	1.3	0.6
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	60	45	25	0.6	0.9	0.5
25. Library science	20	20	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	1,080	1,015	65	11.0	20.2	1.4
04. Architecture and related services	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
14. Engineering	75	70	10	0.8	1.4	0.2
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	185	170	15	1.9	3.4	0.3
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	400	385	15	4.1	7.7	0.3
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	260	250	10	2.7	5.0	0.2
48. Precision production	150	140	10	1.5	2.8	0.2
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	170	80	90	1.7	1.6	1.9
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	55	25	35	0.6	0.5	0.7
03. Natural resources and conservation	115	60	55	1.2	1.2	1.2
Health and related fields	630	125	505	6.4	2.5	10.6
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	40	30	10	0.4	0.6	0.2
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	575	105	475	5.9	2.1	10.0
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Personal, protective and transportation services	545	400	145	5.6	8.0	3.0
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	220	110	115	2.2	2.2	2.4
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	65	50	10	0.7	1.0	0.2
49. Transportation and materials moving	265	240	25	2.7	4.8	0.5
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	9,785	5,030	4,760	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	4,980	2,575	2,405	50.9	51.2	50.5
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	4,805	2,455	2,355	49.1	48.8	49.5
Location of study inside Canada	4,305	2,225	2,080	44.0	44.2	43.7
Same as province or territory of residence	3,520	1,850	1,670	36.0	36.8	35.1
Different than province or territory of residence	785	375	410	8.0	7.5	8.6
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	500	230	270	5.1	4.6	5.7
Americas	95	30	65	1.0	0.6	1.4
United States of America	75	20	50	0.8	0.4	1.1
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazil	15	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.2
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Europe	115	65	50	1.2	1.3	1.1
Belgium	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germany	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Netherlands	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Switzerland	15	15	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	40	20	25	0.4	0.4	0.5
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Europe	20	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.2
Africa	35	20	15	0.4	0.4	0.3
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	25	15	15	0.3	0.3	0.3
Other locations of study in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asia	230	110	120	2.4	2.2	2.5
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	75	30	50	0.8	0.6	1.1
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	125	65	60	1.3	1.3	1.3
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania	20	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.3
Australia	15	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.3
New Zealand	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	14,920	7,625	7,295	...	...	...
In the labour force	9,645	5,195	4,450	...	...	...
Employed	8,720	4,670	4,050	...	...	...
Unemployed	925	525	400	...	...	...
Not in the labour force	5,275	2,430	2,845	...	...	...
Participation rate	64.6	68.1	61.0	64.6	68.1	61.0
Employment rate	58.4	61.2	55.5	58.4	61.2	55.5
Unemployment rate	9.6	10.1	9.0	9.6	10.1	9.0
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	14,925	7,625	7,295	100.0	100.0	100.0
Did not work¹⁸⁶	5,335	2,530	2,805	35.7	33.2	38.5
Worked	9,590	5,100	4,490	64.3	66.9	61.5
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	4,680	2,680	2,000	31.4	35.1	27.4
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	4,905	2,420	2,485	32.9	31.7	34.1
Average weeks worked in reference year	39.8	40.5	39.0	39.8	40.5	39.0
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	9,640	5,190	4,455	100.0	100.0	100.0
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	255	140	115	2.6	2.7	2.6
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	9,385	5,055	4,335	97.4	97.4	97.3
Employee	8,105	4,280	3,820	84.1	82.5	85.7
Permanent position	6,410	3,400	3,005	66.5	65.5	67.5
Temporary position	1,695	880	815	17.6	17.0	18.3
Fixed term (1 year or more)	405	185	225	4.2	3.6	5.1
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	1,285	695	590	13.3	13.4	13.2
Self-employed¹⁹²	1,285	770	515	13.3	14.8	11.6
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	9,640	5,190	4,455	100.0	100.0	100.0
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	255	140	115	2.6	2.7	2.6
All occupations¹⁹¹	9,385	5,055	4,335	97.4	97.4	97.3
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	100	65	35	1.0	1.3	0.8
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	1,135	245	890	11.8	4.7	20.0
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	415	300	120	4.3	5.8	2.7
3 Health occupations	645	110	540	6.7	2.1	12.1
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	1,195	370	820	12.4	7.1	18.4
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	305	120	185	3.2	2.3	4.2
6 Sales and service occupations	2,210	915	1,295	22.9	17.6	29.1
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	2,540	2,255	290	26.3	43.4	6.5
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	465	385	80	4.8	7.4	1.8
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	360	280	80	3.7	5.4	1.8
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	9,640	5,190	4,455	100.0	100.0	100.0
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	255	140	115	2.6	2.7	2.6
All industries¹⁹¹	9,385	5,055	4,335	97.4	97.4	97.3
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	600	500	105	6.2	9.6	2.4
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	65	50	20	0.7	1.0	0.4
22 Utilities	65	65	0	0.7	1.3	0.0
23 Construction	605	550	60	6.3	10.6	1.3
31-33 Manufacturing	230	160	75	2.4	3.1	1.7
41 Wholesale trade	75	55	25	0.8	1.1	0.6
44-45 Retail trade	1,050	500	550	10.9	9.6	12.3
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	1,705	1,285	415	17.7	24.8	9.3
51 Information and cultural industries	135	65	65	1.4	1.3	1.5
52 Finance and insurance	205	50	150	2.1	1.0	3.4
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	85	40	45	0.9	0.8	1.0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	335	155	185	3.5	3.0	4.2
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	385	225	155	4.0	4.3	3.5
61 Educational services	755	200	555	7.8	3.9	12.5
62 Health care and social assistance	1,080	155	920	11.2	3.0	20.7
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	275	130	140	2.9	2.5	3.1
72 Accommodation and food services	615	275	345	6.4	5.3	7.7
81 Other services (except public administration)	345	175	175	3.6	3.4	3.9
91 Public administration	765	415	345	7.9	8.0	7.7
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	10,490	5,590	4,900	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	10,045	5,390	4,660	95.8	96.4	95.1
French	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Non-official language	125	70	55	1.2	1.3	1.1
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	125	65	55	1.2	1.2	1.1
English and French	60	25	35	0.6	0.4	0.7
English and non-official language(s)	245	110	140	2.3	2.0	2.9
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	10,490	5,590	4,900	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	10,435	5,565	4,870	99.5	99.6	99.4
Official languages	10,270	5,485	4,785	97.9	98.1	97.7
English	10,245	5,480	4,765	97.7	98.0	97.2
French	30	10	20	0.3	0.2	0.4
Non-official languages	165	80	90	1.6	1.4	1.8
Indigenous languages³⁹	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	160	75	80	1.5	1.3	1.6
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	130	70	60	1.2	1.3	1.2
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	130	70	60	1.2	1.3	1.2
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	20	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.3
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	55	30	25	0.5	0.5	0.5
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	50	30	20	0.5	0.5	0.4
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	10,490	5,590	4,900	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	10,235	5,485	4,750	97.6	98.1	96.9
English	60	15	40	0.6	0.3	0.8
French	35	15	25	0.3	0.3	0.5
Non-official language	150	75	80	1.4	1.3	1.6
Indigenous³⁹	75	30	45	0.7	0.5	0.9
Non-Indigenous	80	45	35	0.8	0.8	0.7
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	10	0	0.0	0.2	0.0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	8,720	4,665	4,050	100.0	100.0	100.0
Worked at home	900	395	505	10.3	8.5	12.5
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
No fixed workplace address	1,410	1,040	370	16.2	22.3	9.1
Usual place of work	6,410	3,235	3,180	73.5	69.3	78.5
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	6,410	3,235	3,175	100.0	100.0	100.0
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	5,060	2,550	2,510	78.9	78.8	79.1
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	850	435	410	13.3	13.4	12.9
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	480	240	235	7.5	7.4	7.4
Commute to a different province or territory	25	10	15	0.4	0.3	0.5
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	7,820	4,275	3,545	100.0	100.0	100.0
Car, truck or van	6,510	3,630	2,880	83.2	84.9	81.2
Car, truck or van - as a driver	5,740	3,250	2,490	73.4	76.0	70.2
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	770	375	390	9.8	8.8	11.0
Public transit	140	55	85	1.8	1.3	2.4
Walked	855	375	480	10.9	8.8	13.5
Bicycle	115	80	35	1.5	1.9	1.0
Other method	200	135	65	2.6	3.2	1.8
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	7,820	4,275	3,545	100.0	100.0	100.0
Less than 15 minutes	5,305	2,615	2,690	67.8	61.2	75.9
15 to 29 minutes	1,855	1,220	640	23.7	28.5	18.1
30 to 44 minutes	365	240	125	4.7	5.6	3.5
45 to 59 minutes	75	45	30	1.0	1.1	0.8
60 minutes and over	215	150	60	2.7	3.5	1.7
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	7,820	4,275	3,545	100.0	100.0	100.0
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	410	330	85	5.2	7.7	2.4
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	835	515	320	10.7	12.0	9.0
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	1,990	1,255	735	25.4	29.4	20.7
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	2,475	1,060	1,415	31.6	24.8	39.9
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	1,040	445	595	13.3	10.4	16.8
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	1,070	670	395	13.7	15.7	11.1
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	3,775	1,930	1,840	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	205	105	100	5.4	5.4	5.4
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	3,565	1,830	1,740	94.4	94.8	94.6
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	2,740	1,365	1,380	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	165	80	85	6.0	5.9	6.2
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	45	25	20	1.6	1.8	1.4
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	115	55	60	4.2	4.0	4.3
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	2,580	1,285	1,300	94.2	94.1	94.2

Symbol legend

...
not applicable

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 30, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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