Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	Sunshine Coast, Regional district (RD)More information: British Columbia [Census division]
	Counts			Rates
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	32,170	...	...	...	...	...
Population, 2016¹	29,970	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	7.3	...	...	7.3	...	...
Total private dwellings²	17,982	...	...	...	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	14,935	...	...	...	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	8.5	...	...	8.5	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	3,767.43	...	...	...	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	32,170	15,550	16,625	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	3,810	1,990	1,820	11.8	12.8	10.9
0 to 4 years	1,110	585	530	3.5	3.8	3.2
5 to 9 years	1,300	685	615	4.0	4.4	3.7
10 to 14 years	1,400	725	675	4.4	4.7	4.1
15 to 64 years	17,660	8,455	9,205	54.9	54.4	55.4
15 to 19 years	1,135	555	580	3.5	3.6	3.5
20 to 24 years	1,005	535	465	3.1	3.4	2.8
25 to 29 years	1,040	540	505	3.2	3.5	3.0
30 to 34 years	1,510	700	810	4.7	4.5	4.9
35 to 39 years	1,730	805	925	5.4	5.2	5.6
40 to 44 years	1,765	865	905	5.5	5.6	5.4
45 to 49 years	1,685	860	830	5.2	5.5	5.0
50 to 54 years	2,000	945	1,055	6.2	6.1	6.3
55 to 59 years	2,585	1,180	1,405	8.0	7.6	8.5
60 to 64 years	3,205	1,475	1,725	10.0	9.5	10.4
65 years and over	10,695	5,095	5,595	33.2	32.8	33.7
65 to 69 years	3,415	1,640	1,775	10.6	10.5	10.7
70 to 74 years	2,995	1,435	1,560	9.3	9.2	9.4
75 to 79 years	2,110	1,045	1,060	6.6	6.7	6.4
80 to 84 years	1,130	535	595	3.5	3.4	3.6
85 years and over	1,050	440	610	3.3	2.8	3.7
85 to 89 years	665	300	365	2.1	1.9	2.2
90 to 94 years	295	110	185	0.9	0.7	1.1
95 to 99 years	80	30	50	0.2	0.2	0.3
100 years and over	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	11.8	12.8	10.9	11.8	12.8	10.9
15 to 64 years	54.9	54.4	55.4	54.9	54.4	55.4
65 years and over	33.2	32.8	33.7	33.2	32.8	33.7
85 years and over	3.3	2.8	3.7	3.3	2.8	3.7
Average age of the population	50.4	49.6	51.2	50.4	49.6	51.2
Median age of the population	56.0	54.8	56.8	56.0	54.8	56.8
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	14,935	...	...	100.0	...	...
Single-detached house	11,920	...	...	79.8	...	...
Semi-detached house	300	...	...	2.0	...	...
Row house	540	...	...	3.6	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	475	...	...	3.2	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	945	...	...	6.3	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	150	...	...	1.0	...	...
Other single-attached house	15	...	...	0.1	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	600	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	14,935	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 person	4,960	...	...	33.2	...	...
2 persons	6,350	...	...	42.5	...	...
3 persons	1,665	...	...	11.1	...	...
4 persons	1,315	...	...	8.8	...	...
5 or more persons	640	...	...	4.3	...	...
Number of persons in private households	31,510	15,205	16,305	100.0	100.0	100.0
Average household size	2.1	...	...	2.1	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	28,360	13,555	14,800	100.0	100.0	100.0
Married or living common-law	17,415	8,675	8,735	61.4	64.0	59.0
Married	13,610	6,820	6,790	48.0	50.3	45.9
Living common-law	3,800	1,855	1,945	13.4	13.7	13.1
Living common law - Never married	2,440	1,190	1,250	8.6	8.8	8.4
Living common law - Separated	180	80	95	0.6	0.6	0.6
Living common law - Divorced	1,070	535	540	3.8	3.9	3.6
Living common law - Widowed	110	50	60	0.4	0.4	0.4
Not married and not living common-law	10,950	4,880	6,065	38.6	36.0	41.0
Not married and not living common law - Never married	5,565	3,020	2,545	19.6	22.3	17.2
Not married and not living common law - Separated	860	395	470	3.0	2.9	3.2
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	2,570	1,020	1,545	9.1	7.5	10.4
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	1,950	445	1,505	6.9	3.3	10.2
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	9,635	...	...	100.0	...	...
2 persons	6,535	...	...	67.8	...	...
3 persons	1,540	...	...	16.0	...	...
4 persons	1,185	...	...	12.3	...	...
5 or more persons	380	...	...	3.9	...	...
Average size of census families	2.5	...	...	2.5	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.6	...	...	1.6	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	9,635	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total couple families	8,435	...	...	87.5	...	...
Married couples	6,535	...	...	67.8	...	...
With children⁶	2,155	...	...	22.4	...	...
Without children	4,375	...	...	45.4	...	...
Common-law couples	1,900	...	...	19.7	...	...
With children⁶	560	...	...	5.8	...	...
Without children	1,335	...	...	13.9	...	...
Total one-parent families	1,205	...	...	12.5	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	910	...	...	9.4	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	295	...	...	3.1	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	31,510	15,205	16,305	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total - Persons in census families	24,420	12,070	12,350	77.5	79.4	75.7
Married spouses or common-law partners	16,870	8,380	8,490	53.5	55.1	52.1
Parents in one-parent families	1,205	295	905	3.8	1.9	5.6
Children⁶	6,350	3,400	2,955	20.2	22.4	18.1
In a two-parent family	4,655	2,485	2,175	14.8	16.3	13.3
In a one-parent family	1,690	915	775	5.4	6.0	4.8
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	7,090	3,135	3,955	22.5	20.6	24.3
Living alone	4,960	2,105	2,855	15.7	13.8	17.5
Living with other relatives⁷	600	245	360	1.9	1.6	2.2
Living with non-relatives only	1,525	785	745	4.8	5.2	4.6
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	14,935	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	8,525	...	...	57.1	...	...
Couple-family households	7,605	...	...	50.9	...	...
With children⁶	2,375	...	...	15.9	...	...
Without children	5,225	...	...	35.0	...	...
One-parent-family households	925	...	...	6.2	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	280	...	...	1.9	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	105	...	...	0.7	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	485	...	...	3.2	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	575	...	...	3.9	...	...
One-person households	4,960	...	...	33.2	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	27,725	13,225	14,500	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	27,230	12,965	14,265	98.2	98.0	98.4
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	39,200	44,400	35,600	39,200	44,400	35,600
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	27,255	12,980	14,270	98.3	98.1	98.4
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	36,000	40,800	32,800	36,000	40,800	32,800
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	24,660	11,835	12,830	88.9	89.5	88.5
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	30,400	37,200	25,000	30,400	37,200	25,000
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	16,780	8,260	8,525	60.5	62.5	58.8
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	30,200	37,600	25,000	30,200	37,600	25,000
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	23,105	10,595	12,515	83.3	80.1	86.3
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	13,800	14,100	13,600	13,800	14,100	13,600
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	1,800	760	1,035	6.5	5.7	7.1
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,480	5,840	5,480	5,480	5,840	5,480
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	6,160	2,740	3,415	22.2	20.7	23.6
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,500	8,000	9,000	8,500	8,000	9,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	27,725	13,225	14,500	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	27,245	12,985	14,260	98.3	98.2	98.3
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	50,560	58,850	43,040	50,560	58,850	43,040
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	27,285	13,005	14,280	98.4	98.3	98.5
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	42,920	49,080	37,320	42,920	49,080	37,320
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	24,795	11,875	12,920	89.4	89.8	89.1
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	43,680	53,050	35,040	43,680	53,050	35,040
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	16,780	8,255	8,525	60.5	62.4	58.8
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	44,040	53,600	34,760	44,040	53,600	34,760
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	23,015	10,500	12,515	83.0	79.4	86.3
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	12,800	12,730	12,860	12,800	12,730	12,860
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	1,760	720	1,035	6.3	5.4	7.1
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,460	6,740	6,260	6,460	6,740	6,260
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	5,915	2,620	3,295	21.3	19.8	22.7
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	9,320	9,170	9,430	9,320	9,170	9,430
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	27,725	13,225	14,500	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	6,270	3,550	2,715	22.6	26.8	18.7
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	62,400	70,500	54,800	62,400	70,500	54,800
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	73,800	81,900	63,150	73,800	81,900	63,150
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	7,750	3,400	4,345	28.0	25.7	30.0
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	18,000	20,000	16,000	18,000	20,000	16,000
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	28,720	35,560	23,400	28,720	35,560	23,400
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	78.6	82.6	73.8	78.6	82.6	73.8
Employment income (%)¹⁹	53.6	57.9	48.3	53.6	57.9	48.3
Government transfers (%)²⁰	21.4	17.5	26.2	21.4	17.5	26.2
Employment insurance benefits (%)	0.8	0.6	1.1	0.8	0.6	1.1
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	5.1	4.0	6.6	5.1	4.0	6.6
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	4.0	3.1	5.1	4.0	3.1	5.1
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	27,720	13,225	14,495	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without total income	490	260	235	1.8	2.0	1.6
With total income	27,230	12,965	14,265	98.2	98.0	98.4
Under $10,000 (including loss)	2,030	860	1,175	7.5	6.6	8.2
$10,000 to $19,999	3,365	1,370	1,990	12.4	10.6	14.0
$20,000 to $29,999	4,760	1,985	2,780	17.5	15.3	19.5
$30,000 to $39,999	3,795	1,610	2,180	13.9	12.4	15.3
$40,000 to $49,999	3,100	1,365	1,735	11.4	10.5	12.2
$50,000 to $59,999	2,440	1,140	1,300	9.0	8.8	9.1
$60,000 to $69,999	1,825	965	860	6.7	7.4	6.0
$70,000 to $79,999	1,430	785	645	5.3	6.1	4.5
$80,000 to $89,999	995	580	415	3.7	4.5	2.9
$90,000 to $99,999	845	525	320	3.1	4.0	2.2
$100,000 and over	2,650	1,780	870	9.7	13.7	6.1
$100,000 to $149,999	1,800	1,175	620	6.6	9.1	4.3
$150,000 and over	850	605	245	3.1	4.7	1.7
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	27,720	13,225	14,495	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without after-tax income	470	245	225	1.7	1.9	1.6
With after-tax income	27,255	12,980	14,275	98.3	98.1	98.5
Under $10,000 (including loss)	2,230	930	1,305	8.2	7.2	9.1
$10,000 to $19,999	3,480	1,425	2,060	12.8	11.0	14.4
$20,000 to $29,999	5,310	2,215	3,100	19.5	17.1	21.7
$30,000 to $39,999	4,250	1,815	2,430	15.6	14.0	17.0
$40,000 to $49,999	3,475	1,595	1,880	12.7	12.3	13.2
$50,000 to $59,999	2,475	1,275	1,200	9.1	9.8	8.4
$60,000 to $69,999	1,780	970	805	6.5	7.5	5.6
$70,000 to $79,999	1,280	795	485	4.7	6.1	3.4
$80,000 to $89,999	875	530	345	3.2	4.1	2.4
$90,000 to $99,999	625	420	210	2.3	3.2	1.5
$100,000 and over	1,465	1,015	445	5.4	7.8	3.1
$100,000 to $124,999	790	540	250	2.9	4.2	1.8
$125,000 and over	680	475	200	2.5	3.7	1.4
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	27,720	13,225	14,495	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without employment income	10,940	4,960	5,980	39.5	37.5	41.3
With employment income	16,785	8,260	8,520	60.6	62.5	58.8
Under $5,000 (including loss)	3,260	1,450	1,810	19.4	17.6	21.2
$5,000 to $9,999	1,475	640	835	8.8	7.7	9.8
$10,000 to $19,999	2,100	930	1,165	12.5	11.3	13.7
$20,000 to $29,999	1,500	635	860	8.9	7.7	10.1
$30,000 to $39,999	1,495	640	860	8.9	7.7	10.1
$40,000 to $49,999	1,285	555	730	7.7	6.7	8.6
$50,000 to $59,999	1,110	545	565	6.6	6.6	6.6
$60,000 to $69,999	955	520	440	5.7	6.3	5.2
$70,000 to $79,999	715	420	300	4.3	5.1	3.5
$80,000 to $89,999	590	350	235	3.5	4.2	2.8
$90,000 to $99,999	565	370	195	3.4	4.5	2.3
$100,000 and over	1,715	1,205	515	10.2	14.6	6.0
$100,000 to $124,999	815	515	300	4.9	6.2	3.5
$125,000 and over	900	690	210	5.4	8.4	2.5
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	27,725	13,225	14,500	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	26,710	12,725	13,985	96.3	96.2	96.4
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	37,200	44,000	32,800	37,200	44,000	32,800
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	26,770	12,735	14,030	96.6	96.3	96.8
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	33,600	39,200	29,600	33,600	39,200	29,600
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	24,545	11,745	12,795	88.5	88.8	88.2
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	31,600	38,800	26,600	31,600	38,800	26,600
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	18,165	8,900	9,270	65.5	67.3	63.9
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	28,400	34,800	24,200	28,400	34,800	24,200
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	19,565	8,630	10,940	70.6	65.3	75.4
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	11,400	12,600	10,700	11,400	12,600	10,700
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	1,375	590	785	5.0	4.5	5.4
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	5,640	5,640	5,720	5,640	5,640	5,720
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	27,725	13,225	14,500	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	26,770	12,810	13,960	96.6	96.9	96.3
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	48,960	57,550	41,120	48,960	57,550	41,120
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	26,825	12,815	14,015	96.8	96.9	96.7
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	41,200	47,800	35,160	41,200	47,800	35,160
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	24,610	11,775	12,835	88.8	89.0	88.5
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	44,840	54,450	36,040	44,840	54,450	36,040
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	18,180	8,935	9,245	65.6	67.6	63.8
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	42,440	51,450	33,720	42,440	51,450	33,720
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	19,515	8,670	10,845	70.4	65.6	74.8
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	10,600	11,000	10,280	10,600	11,000	10,280
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	1,275	505	770	4.6	3.8	5.3
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	7,200	6,720	7,520	7,200	6,720	7,520
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	27,725	13,225	14,500	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	6,175	3,500	2,680	22.3	26.5	18.5
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	60,400	69,000	52,000	60,400	69,000	52,000
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	70,500	79,000	59,350	70,500	79,000	59,350
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	7,490	3,270	4,225	27.0	24.7	29.1
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	23,200	26,200	21,000	23,200	26,200	21,000
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	35,200	44,400	28,080	35,200	44,400	28,080
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	84.2	87.0	80.6	84.2	87.0	80.6
Employment income (%)	58.8	62.4	54.3	58.8	62.4	54.3
Government transfers (%)	15.8	13.0	19.4	15.8	13.0	19.4
Employment insurance benefits (%)	0.7	0.5	1.0	0.7	0.5	1.0
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	14,935	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	74,000	...	...	74,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	67,000	...	...	67,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	4,960	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	38,400	...	...	38,400	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	35,600	...	...	35,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	9,975	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	95,000	...	...	95,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	85,000	...	...	85,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	14,935	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	92,200	...	...	92,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	78,400	...	...	78,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	4,965	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	48,920	...	...	48,920	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	42,320	...	...	42,320	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	9,970	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	113,800	...	...	113,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	96,400	...	...	96,400	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	14,935	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	180	...	...	1.2	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	90	...	...	0.6	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	170	...	...	1.1	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	375	...	...	2.5	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	765	...	...	5.1	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	645	...	...	4.3	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	565	...	...	3.8	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	610	...	...	4.1	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	640	...	...	4.3	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	615	...	...	4.1	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	1,240	...	...	8.3	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	1,145	...	...	7.7	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	1,020	...	...	6.8	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	925	...	...	6.2	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	845	...	...	5.7	...	...
$100,000 and over	5,115	...	...	34.2	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,645	...	...	11.0	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,115	...	...	7.5	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	1,300	...	...	8.7	...	...
$200,000 and over	1,055	...	...	7.1	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	14,935	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	215	...	...	1.4	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	95	...	...	0.6	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	185	...	...	1.2	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	395	...	...	2.6	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	815	...	...	5.5	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	710	...	...	4.8	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	640	...	...	4.3	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	675	...	...	4.5	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	740	...	...	5.0	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	710	...	...	4.8	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	1,440	...	...	9.6	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	1,235	...	...	8.3	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	1,140	...	...	7.6	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	1,020	...	...	6.8	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	865	...	...	5.8	...	...
$100,000 and over	4,060	...	...	27.2	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,605	...	...	10.7	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,025	...	...	6.9	...	...
$150,000 and over	1,430	...	...	9.6	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	9,545	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	94,000	...	...	94,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	84,000	...	...	84,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	5,405	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	87,000	...	...	87,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	78,500	...	...	78,500	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	2,735	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	127,000	...	...	127,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	110,000	...	...	110,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	3.9	...	...	3.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	1,125	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	65,000	...	...	65,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	60,800	...	...	60,800	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.5	...	...	2.5	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	6,490	2,895	3,595	...	...	...
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	36,400	36,800	36,400	36,400	36,800	36,400
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	33,600	34,000	33,600	33,600	34,000	33,600
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	9,525	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	113,100	...	...	113,100	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	95,500	...	...	95,500	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	5,375	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	105,800	...	...	105,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	89,400	...	...	89,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	2,750	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	141,800	...	...	141,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	118,900	...	...	118,900	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,105	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	70,600	...	...	70,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	62,800	...	...	62,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	6,515	2,820	3,695	...	...	...
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	46,120	47,480	45,080	46,120	47,480	45,080
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	40,120	41,080	39,400	40,120	41,080	39,400
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	31,510	15,205	16,305	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	4,515	2,325	2,185	14.3	15.3	13.4
0 to 5 years	1,345	710	635	4.3	4.7	3.9
18 to 64 years	16,635	7,915	8,720	52.8	52.1	53.5
65 years and over	10,365	4,960	5,400	32.9	32.6	33.1
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	3,975	1,835	2,140	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	620	330	290	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	175	100	75	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	1,985	935	1,055	...	...	...
65 years and over	1,375	570	800	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	12.6	12.1	13.1	12.6	12.1	13.1
0 to 17 years (%)	13.8	14.3	13.2	13.8	14.3	13.2
0 to 5 years (%)	12.9	13.6	12.0	12.9	13.6	12.0
18 to 64 years (%)	11.9	11.8	12.1	11.9	11.8	12.1
65 years and over (%)	13.3	11.5	14.8	13.3	11.5	14.8
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	30,765	14,830	15,940	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	4,370	2,255	2,110	14.2	15.2	13.2
0 to 5 years	1,315	695	620	4.3	4.7	3.9
18 to 64 years	16,205	7,690	8,520	52.7	51.9	53.5
65 years and over	10,190	4,880	5,310	33.1	32.9	33.3
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	1,140	590	550	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	160	80	75	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	45	15	25	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	780	415	365	...	...	...
65 years and over	200	90	110	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	3.7	4.0	3.5	3.7	4.0	3.5
0 to 17 years (%)	3.7	3.7	3.6	3.7	3.7	3.6
0 to 5 years (%)	3.3	2.8	3.8	3.3	2.8	3.8
18 to 64 years (%)	4.8	5.4	4.3	4.8	5.4	4.3
65 years and over (%)	2.0	1.8	2.0	2.0	1.8	2.0
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	31,510	15,205	16,310	100.0	100.0	100.0
In bottom half of the distribution	16,435	7,705	8,725	52.2	50.7	53.5
In bottom decile	3,700	1,790	1,910	11.7	11.8	11.7
In second decile	3,315	1,480	1,840	10.5	9.7	11.3
In third decile	3,115	1,450	1,665	9.9	9.5	10.2
In fourth decile	3,190	1,495	1,695	10.1	9.8	10.4
In fifth decile	3,110	1,500	1,615	9.9	9.9	9.9
In top half of the distribution	15,075	7,495	7,580	47.8	49.3	46.5
In sixth decile	3,215	1,550	1,665	10.2	10.2	10.2
In seventh decile	2,965	1,450	1,520	9.4	9.5	9.3
In eighth decile	2,885	1,455	1,430	9.2	9.6	8.8
In ninth decile	2,990	1,510	1,485	9.5	9.9	9.1
In top decile	3,020	1,535	1,485	9.6	10.1	9.1
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	31,510	...	...	31,510	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.334	...	...	0.334	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.460	...	...	0.460	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.299	...	...	0.299	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	4.0	...	...	4.0	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	31,860	15,425	16,435	100.0	100.0	100.0
English only	29,385	14,340	15,050	92.2	93.0	91.6
French only	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and French	2,355	1,025	1,330	7.4	6.6	8.1
Neither English nor French	115	60	60	0.4	0.4	0.4
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	31,860	15,425	16,435	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	31,195	15,110	16,085	97.9	98.0	97.9
French	480	230	255	1.5	1.5	1.6
English and French	75	35	40	0.2	0.2	0.2
Neither English nor French	110	55	60	0.3	0.4	0.4
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	31,860	15,425	16,435	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	31,295	15,165	16,130	98.2	98.3	98.1
Official languages	28,275	13,775	14,500	88.7	89.3	88.2
English	27,765	13,530	14,230	87.1	87.7	86.6
French	515	240	270	1.6	1.6	1.6
Non-official languages	3,020	1,390	1,630	9.5	9.0	9.9
Indigenous languages³⁹	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	3,010	1,385	1,625	9.4	9.0	9.9
Afro-Asiatic languages	45	25	20	0.1	0.2	0.1
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	45	25	20	0.1	0.2	0.1
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	40	25	15	0.1	0.2	0.1
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	140	90	55	0.4	0.6	0.3
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	140	90	55	0.4	0.6	0.3
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	300	100	195	0.9	0.6	1.2
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	15	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Ilocano	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Indonesian	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Kankanaey	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	225	80	145	0.7	0.5	0.9
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	15	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	1,850	895	955	5.8	5.8	5.8
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	385	195	190	1.2	1.3	1.2
Baltic languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	370	190	185	1.2	1.2	1.1
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	15	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Czech	50	30	20	0.2	0.2	0.1
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	125	70	55	0.4	0.5	0.3
Russian	80	30	45	0.3	0.2	0.3
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	35	20	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Bosnian	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Serbian	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Slovene (Slovenian)	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	40	15	25	0.1	0.1	0.2
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	925	435	485	2.9	2.8	3.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	570	265	305	1.8	1.7	1.9
German	530	245	290	1.7	1.6	1.8
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	40	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	225	110	115	0.7	0.7	0.7
Afrikaans	40	25	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Dutch	170	80	95	0.5	0.5	0.6
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	130	60	70	0.4	0.4	0.4
Danish	75	35	35	0.2	0.2	0.2
Icelandic	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Swedish	20	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	45	25	20	0.1	0.2	0.1
Indo-Iranian languages	160	80	75	0.5	0.5	0.5
Indo-Aryan languages	120	60	60	0.4	0.4	0.4
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	30	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	75	35	45	0.2	0.2	0.3
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	35	25	15	0.1	0.2	0.1
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	35	25	15	0.1	0.2	0.1
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	35	20	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	335	160	175	1.1	1.0	1.1
Catalan	0	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	95	45	50	0.3	0.3	0.3
Portuguese	50	25	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
Romanian	15	10	5	0.0	0.1	0.0
Spanish	165	70	95	0.5	0.5	0.6
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	110	25	80	0.3	0.2	0.5
Korean	100	40	55	0.3	0.3	0.3
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	20	5	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	305	135	170	1.0	0.9	1.0
Chinese languages	300	135	170	0.9	0.9	1.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	180	75	100	0.6	0.5	0.6
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	15	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	105	50	55	0.3	0.3	0.3
Chinese, n.o.s.	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	95	40	55	0.3	0.3	0.3
Estonian	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	40	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Hungarian	50	20	30	0.2	0.1	0.2
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	570	265	305	1.8	1.7	1.9
English and French	145	70	75	0.5	0.5	0.5
English and non-official language(s)	365	165	200	1.1	1.1	1.2
French and non-official language(s)	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	45	20	25	0.1	0.1	0.2
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	31,860	15,425	16,435	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	28,980	14,085	14,895	91.0	91.3	90.6
French	60	25	35	0.2	0.2	0.2
Non-official language	450	225	225	1.4	1.5	1.4
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	450	225	225	1.4	1.5	1.4
English and French	350	145	205	1.1	0.9	1.2
English and non-official language(s)	1,900	890	1,010	6.0	5.8	6.1
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	90	40	50	0.3	0.3	0.3
Multiple non-official languages	30	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	31,860	15,425	16,435	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	31,480	15,260	16,225	98.8	98.9	98.7
Official languages	30,555	14,795	15,755	95.9	95.9	95.9
English	30,445	14,745	15,700	95.6	95.6	95.5
French	110	50	60	0.3	0.3	0.4
Non-official languages	930	460	465	2.9	3.0	2.8
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	930	460	465	2.9	3.0	2.8
Afro-Asiatic languages	15	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	15	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	15	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	110	65	45	0.3	0.4	0.3
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	110	65	45	0.3	0.4	0.3
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	135	70	70	0.4	0.5	0.4
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	115	55	55	0.4	0.4	0.3
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	15	10	10	0.0	0.1	0.1
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	345	175	170	1.1	1.1	1.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	85	45	45	0.3	0.3	0.3
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	85	45	45	0.3	0.3	0.3
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	35	20	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Russian	35	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	100	50	45	0.3	0.3	0.3
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	45	25	20	0.1	0.2	0.1
German	40	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	45	25	25	0.1	0.2	0.2
Afrikaans	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Dutch	20	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	70	30	40	0.2	0.2	0.2
Indo-Aryan languages	60	25	35	0.2	0.2	0.2
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	40	15	25	0.1	0.1	0.2
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	80	40	40	0.3	0.3	0.2
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	55	30	30	0.2	0.2	0.2
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	40	15	30	0.1	0.1	0.2
Korean	65	30	35	0.2	0.2	0.2
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	175	85	90	0.5	0.6	0.5
Chinese languages	170	80	90	0.5	0.5	0.5
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	125	55	65	0.4	0.4	0.4
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	40	25	20	0.1	0.2	0.1
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	20	5	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	10	10	5	0.0	0.1	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	380	170	210	1.2	1.1	1.3
English and French	55	20	35	0.2	0.1	0.2
English and non-official language(s)	305	135	170	1.0	0.9	1.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	10	10	5	0.0	0.1	0.0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	31,860	15,425	16,435	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	29,825	14,480	15,340	93.6	93.9	93.3
English	450	225	225	1.4	1.5	1.4
French	260	105	150	0.8	0.7	0.9
Non-official language	1,095	510	585	3.4	3.3	3.6
Indigenous³⁹	15	10	5	0.0	0.1	0.0
Non-Indigenous	1,075	500	580	3.4	3.2	3.5
English and French	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	50	25	30	0.2	0.2	0.2
French and non-official language(s)	65	30	40	0.2	0.2	0.2
English, French and non-official language(s)	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	110	45	70	0.3	0.3	0.4
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	31,510	15,205	16,305	100.0	100.0	100.0
Official languages	31,415	15,165	16,250	99.7	99.7	99.7
English	31,415	15,165	16,250	99.7	99.7	99.7
French	2,345	1,020	1,325	7.4	6.7	8.1
Non-official languages	4,715	2,130	2,585	15.0	14.0	15.9
Indigenous languages³⁹	85	40	45	0.3	0.3	0.3
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	70	30	40	0.2	0.2	0.2
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	65	25	30	0.2	0.2	0.2
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	15	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	4,640	2,090	2,545	14.7	13.7	15.6
Afro-Asiatic languages	120	65	55	0.4	0.4	0.3
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	120	65	55	0.4	0.4	0.3
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	80	45	35	0.3	0.3	0.2
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	50	20	20	0.2	0.1	0.1
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	175	95	80	0.6	0.6	0.5
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	175	95	80	0.6	0.6	0.5
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	495	180	315	1.6	1.2	1.9
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	35	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Indonesian	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	460	165	290	1.5	1.1	1.8
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Creole languages	20	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Dravidian languages	20	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	20	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	3,100	1,460	1,650	9.8	9.6	10.1
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	435	230	205	1.4	1.5	1.3
Baltic languages	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	425	225	205	1.3	1.5	1.3
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	45	25	25	0.1	0.2	0.2
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	130	80	45	0.4	0.5	0.3
Russian	135	75	60	0.4	0.5	0.4
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	60	30	30	0.2	0.2	0.2
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	50	25	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
Serbian	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	35	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	1,280	600	690	4.1	3.9	4.2
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	775	380	395	2.5	2.5	2.4
German	755	365	395	2.4	2.4	2.4
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	45	25	20	0.1	0.2	0.1
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	365	150	215	1.2	1.0	1.3
Afrikaans	90	40	45	0.3	0.3	0.3
Dutch	270	110	160	0.9	0.7	1.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	185	70	115	0.6	0.5	0.7
Danish	95	45	50	0.3	0.3	0.3
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	50	10	40	0.2	0.1	0.2
Swedish	45	10	30	0.1	0.1	0.2
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	50	20	30	0.2	0.1	0.2
Indo-Iranian languages	345	160	185	1.1	1.1	1.1
Indo-Aryan languages	295	130	165	0.9	0.9	1.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	15	10	10	0.0	0.1	0.1
Hindi	185	65	125	0.6	0.4	0.8
Kacchi	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	230	95	135	0.7	0.6	0.8
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	50	30	20	0.2	0.2	0.1
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	50	30	20	0.2	0.2	0.1
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	40	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	1,145	545	600	3.6	3.6	3.7
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	215	100	110	0.7	0.7	0.7
Portuguese	75	40	35	0.2	0.3	0.2
Romanian	20	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Spanish	900	425	475	2.9	2.8	2.9
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	210	90	120	0.7	0.6	0.7
Korean	105	55	55	0.3	0.4	0.3
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	35	20	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	15	10	10	0.0	0.1	0.1
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	30	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.1
American Sign Language	25	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.1
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	345	140	205	1.1	0.9	1.3
Chinese languages	330	130	200	1.0	0.9	1.2
Hakka	25	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.1
Mandarin	260	105	150	0.8	0.7	0.9
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	15	10	10	0.0	0.1	0.1
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	150	65	85	0.5	0.4	0.5
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	10	10	10	0.0	0.1	0.1
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	10	10	10	0.0	0.1	0.1
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	30	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.1
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	30	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.1
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	20	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	20	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	95	45	55	0.3	0.3	0.3
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	50	25	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
Hungarian	45	15	25	0.1	0.1	0.2
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	31,510	15,205	16,310	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	2,270	1,075	1,195	7.2	7.1	7.3
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	2,175	1,025	1,150	6.9	6.7	7.1
First Nations (North American Indian)	1,365	695	670	4.3	4.6	4.1
Métis	795	330	470	2.5	2.2	2.9
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	85	50	35	0.3	0.3	0.2
Non-Indigenous identity	29,240	14,130	15,110	92.8	92.9	92.6
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	31,510	15,205	16,310	100.0	100.0	100.0
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	920	435	480	2.9	2.9	2.9
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	30,595	14,770	15,825	97.1	97.1	97.0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	14,935	...	...	100.0	...	...
Owner	11,905	...	...	79.7	...	...
Renter	2,955	...	...	19.8	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	70	...	...	0.5	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	14,935	...	...	100.0	...	...
Condominium	1,535	...	...	10.3	...	...
Not condominium	13,400	...	...	89.7	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	14,935	...	...	100.0	...	...
No bedrooms	105	...	...	0.7	...	...
1 bedroom	1,610	...	...	10.8	...	...
2 bedrooms	4,520	...	...	30.3	...	...
3 bedrooms	5,565	...	...	37.3	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	3,140	...	...	21.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	14,935	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	4,010	...	...	26.8	...	...
5 rooms	2,740	...	...	18.3	...	...
6 rooms	2,375	...	...	15.9	...	...
7 rooms	1,885	...	...	12.6	...	...
8 or more rooms	3,925	...	...	26.3	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.2	...	...	6.2	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	14,935	...	...	100.0	...	...
One person or fewer per room	14,785	...	...	99.0	...	...
More than one person per room	150	...	...	1.0	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	14,935	...	...	100.0	...	...
Suitable	14,460	...	...	96.8	...	...
Not suitable	475	...	...	3.2	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	14,935	...	...	100.0	...	...
1960 or before	1,450	...	...	9.7	...	...
1961 to 1980	3,835	...	...	25.7	...	...
1981 to 1990	2,450	...	...	16.4	...	...
1991 to 2000	3,030	...	...	20.3	...	...
2001 to 2005	1,085	...	...	7.3	...	...
2006 to 2010	1,235	...	...	8.3	...	...
2011 to 2015	840	...	...	5.6	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	1,015	...	...	6.8	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	14,935	...	...	100.0	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	14,070	...	...	94.2	...	...
Major repairs needed	865	...	...	5.8	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	14,935	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-maintainer household	7,650	...	...	51.2	...	...
Two-maintainer household	6,710	...	...	44.9	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	580	...	...	3.9	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	14,935	...	...	100.0	...	...
15 to 24 years	160	...	...	1.1	...	...
25 to 34 years	925	...	...	6.2	...	...
35 to 44 years	1,705	...	...	11.4	...	...
45 to 54 years	1,995	...	...	13.4	...	...
55 to 64 years	3,375	...	...	22.6	...	...
65 to 74 years	3,945	...	...	26.4	...	...
75 to 84 years	2,140	...	...	14.3	...	...
85 years and over	685	...	...	4.6	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	14,530	...	...	100.0	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	11,225	...	...	77.3	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	3,305	...	...	22.7	...	...
30% to less than 100%	2,945	...	...	20.3	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	14,935	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	4,230	...	...	28.3	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	2,930	...	...	19.6	...	...
Not suitable only	340	...	...	2.3	...	...
Major repairs needed only	560	...	...	3.7	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	95	...	...	0.6	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	265	...	...	1.8	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	25	...	...	0.2	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	10	...	...	0.1	...	...
Acceptable housing	10,710	...	...	71.7	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	14,175	...	...	100.0	...	...
In core need	1,475	...	...	10.4	...	...
Not in core need	12,700	...	...	89.6	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	11,665	...	...	...	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	47.3	...	...	47.3	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	18.0	...	...	18.0	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	7.2	...	...	7.2	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	830	...	...	830	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,288	...	...	1,288	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	800,000	...	...	800,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	870,000	...	...	870,000	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	2,905	...	...	...	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	9.1	...	...	9.1	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	41.7	...	...	41.7	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	23.6	...	...	23.6	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,300	...	...	1,300	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,382	...	...	1,382	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	70	...	...	...	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	14.3	...	...	14.3	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	428	...	...	428	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	480	...	...	480	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	31,510	15,205	16,305	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	600	300	300	1.9	2.0	1.8
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	590	300	295	1.9	2.0	1.8
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	500	270	235	1.6	1.8	1.4
Métis single ancestry	85	35	55	0.3	0.2	0.3
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	1,920	895	1,025	6.1	5.9	6.3
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	1,850	870	975	5.9	5.7	6.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	1,245	595	650	4.0	3.9	4.0
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	595	275	325	1.9	1.8	2.0
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	70	20	50	0.2	0.1	0.3
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	70	20	50	0.2	0.1	0.3
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	28,990	14,010	14,985	92.0	92.1	91.9
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	31,510	15,205	16,305	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	30,060	14,570	15,485	95.4	95.8	95.0
Canadian citizens aged under 18	4,435	2,260	2,175	14.1	14.9	13.3
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	25,620	12,315	13,310	81.3	81.0	81.6
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	1,455	635	820	4.6	4.2	5.0
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	31,510	15,205	16,305	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	25,390	12,370	13,015	80.6	81.4	79.8
Immigrants⁸¹	5,850	2,715	3,135	18.6	17.9	19.2
Before 1980	2,810	1,275	1,535	8.9	8.4	9.4
1980 to 1990	705	350	355	2.2	2.3	2.2
1991 to 2000	620	280	335	2.0	1.8	2.1
2001 to 2010	795	375	420	2.5	2.5	2.6
2011 to 2021⁸²	920	435	480	2.9	2.9	2.9
2011 to 2015	460	230	230	1.5	1.5	1.4
2016 to 2021	460	205	250	1.5	1.3	1.5
Non-permanent residents⁸³	275	120	160	0.9	0.8	1.0
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	5,845	2,715	3,130	100.0	100.0	100.0
Under 5 years	595	310	285	10.2	11.4	9.1
5 to 14 years	1,010	495	510	17.3	18.2	16.3
15 to 24 years	1,235	560	670	21.1	20.6	21.4
25 to 44 years	2,525	1,140	1,385	43.2	42.0	44.2
45 years and over	485	210	275	8.3	7.7	8.8
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	5,845	2,715	3,130	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	875	425	450	15.0	15.7	14.4
Brazil	15	10	10	0.3	0.4	0.3
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
El Salvador	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyana	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	15	15	0	0.3	0.6	0.0
Mexico	30	0	25	0.5	0.0	0.8
Peru	10	10	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
Trinidad and Tobago	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
United States of America	695	325	375	11.9	12.0	12.0
Other places of birth in Americas	85	50	35	1.5	1.8	1.1
Europe	3,150	1,510	1,635	53.9	55.6	52.2
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatia	30	10	20	0.5	0.4	0.6
France	90	40	50	1.5	1.5	1.6
Germany	360	160	195	6.2	5.9	6.2
Greece	15	0	15	0.3	0.0	0.5
Hungary	40	15	25	0.7	0.6	0.8
Italy	100	45	50	1.7	1.7	1.6
Netherlands	170	75	95	2.9	2.8	3.0
Poland	115	70	45	2.0	2.6	1.4
Portugal	35	20	20	0.6	0.7	0.6
Romania	15	10	10	0.3	0.4	0.3
Russian Federation	40	10	25	0.7	0.4	0.8
Serbia⁸⁶	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	20	0	10	0.3	0.0	0.3
United Kingdom⁸⁷	1,625	785	840	27.8	28.9	26.8
Other places of birth in Europe	485	240	250	8.3	8.8	8.0
Africa	260	120	140	4.4	4.4	4.5
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	10	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.3
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	25	15	10	0.4	0.6	0.3
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	140	65	75	2.4	2.4	2.4
Other places of birth in Africa	80	40	35	1.4	1.5	1.1
Asia	1,330	535	795	22.8	19.7	25.4
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	30	20	15	0.5	0.7	0.5
Iraq	10	10	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
Lebanon	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	20	15	0	0.3	0.6	0.0
Turkey	10	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.3
China⁹⁰	145	50	90	2.5	1.8	2.9
Hong Kong⁹¹	45	20	20	0.8	0.7	0.6
Korea, South⁹²	80	35	45	1.4	1.3	1.4
Taiwan	50	20	30	0.9	0.7	1.0
Philippines	435	165	270	7.4	6.1	8.6
Viet Nam	130	60	75	2.2	2.2	2.4
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	145	75	75	2.5	2.8	2.4
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	225	65	160	3.8	2.4	5.1
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	235	125	110	4.0	4.6	3.5
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	460	205	250	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	75	30	45	16.3	14.6	18.0
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	55	20	35	12.0	9.8	14.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Europe	100	45	50	21.7	22.0	20.0
France	10	0	0	2.2	0.0	0.0
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	10	0	10	2.2	0.0	4.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	50	35	15	10.9	17.1	6.0
Other places of birth in Europe	20	10	15	4.3	4.9	6.0
Africa	40	25	10	8.7	12.2	4.0
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	25	10	10	5.4	4.9	4.0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	10	10	0	2.2	4.9	0.0
Asia	210	80	130	45.7	39.0	52.0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	10	0	10	2.2	0.0	4.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	80	35	50	17.4	17.1	20.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	15	10	0	3.3	4.9	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	40	15	25	8.7	7.3	10.0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	15	0	10	3.3	0.0	4.0
Other places of birth in Asia	25	0	20	5.4	0.0	8.0
Oceania and other⁹³	40	25	15	8.7	12.2	6.0
Australia	30	15	10	6.5	7.3	4.0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	10	0	0	2.2	0.0	0.0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	31,510	15,205	16,310	100.0	100.0	100.0
First generation¹⁰⁰	6,665	3,065	3,600	21.2	20.2	22.1
Second generation¹⁰¹	6,625	3,125	3,500	21.0	20.6	21.5
Third generation or more¹⁰²	18,220	9,015	9,205	57.8	59.3	56.4
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	3,040	1,440	1,595	100.0	100.0	100.0
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	1,695	825	865	55.8	57.3	54.2
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	930	470	460	30.6	32.6	28.8
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	765	355	410	25.2	24.7	25.7
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	1,080	470	605	35.5	32.6	37.9
Refugees¹⁰⁸	260	140	115	8.6	9.7	7.2
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	10	0	0	0.3	0.0	0.0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	3,040	1,440	1,595	100.0	100.0	100.0
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	25	10	15	0.8	0.7	0.9
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	760	320	435	25.0	22.2	27.3
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	65	35	30	2.1	2.4	1.9
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	185	70	115	6.1	4.9	7.2
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	25	10	20	0.8	0.7	1.3
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	1,975	1,005	975	65.0	69.8	61.1
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	31,510	15,205	16,310	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	2,865	1,275	1,590	9.1	8.4	9.7
South Asian	435	195	240	1.4	1.3	1.5
Chinese	455	185	270	1.4	1.2	1.7
Black	230	105	125	0.7	0.7	0.8
Filipino	635	260	380	2.0	1.7	2.3
Arab	50	35	15	0.2	0.2	0.1
Latin American	135	65	70	0.4	0.4	0.4
Southeast Asian	295	130	165	0.9	0.9	1.0
West Asian	35	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Korean	125	60	65	0.4	0.4	0.4
Japanese	250	110	145	0.8	0.7	0.9
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	85	40	45	0.3	0.3	0.3
Multiple visible minorities	145	75	75	0.5	0.5	0.5
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	28,640	13,930	14,710	90.9	91.6	90.2
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	31,510	15,200	16,305	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian	3,075	1,565	1,515	9.8	10.3	9.3
English	10,825	5,310	5,515	34.4	34.9	33.8
Irish	6,585	3,005	3,575	20.9	19.8	21.9
Scottish	8,100	3,865	4,240	25.7	25.4	26.0
French, n.o.s.¹²²	2,820	1,295	1,525	8.9	8.5	9.4
German	4,325	2,000	2,325	13.7	13.2	14.3
Chinese	545	225	325	1.7	1.5	2.0
Italian	1,035	510	525	3.3	3.4	3.2
Indian (India)	265	125	140	0.8	0.8	0.9
Ukrainian	1,445	710	735	4.6	4.7	4.5
Dutch	1,490	675	820	4.7	4.4	5.0
Polish	1,215	545	670	3.9	3.6	4.1
Québécois	60	40	20	0.2	0.3	0.1
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	2,350	1,170	1,180	7.5	7.7	7.2
Filipino	600	255	345	1.9	1.7	2.1
French Canadian	300	150	150	1.0	1.0	0.9
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	475	240	235	1.5	1.6	1.4
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	925	455	475	2.9	3.0	2.9
Métis	765	330	430	2.4	2.2	2.6
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	780	430	350	2.5	2.8	2.1
Russian	905	435	470	2.9	2.9	2.9
Norwegian	1,340	575	765	4.3	3.8	4.7
Welsh	1,220	505	710	3.9	3.3	4.4
Portuguese	265	110	150	0.8	0.7	0.9
American	580	235	345	1.8	1.5	2.1
Spanish	385	165	215	1.2	1.1	1.3
Swedish	1,085	450	635	3.4	3.0	3.9
Hungarian	370	185	185	1.2	1.2	1.1
Acadian	65	50	15	0.2	0.3	0.1
Pakistani	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	80	30	45	0.3	0.2	0.3
Jewish	425	215	210	1.3	1.4	1.3
Punjabi	115	45	65	0.4	0.3	0.4
Vietnamese	185	100	85	0.6	0.7	0.5
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	35	20	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Greek	175	85	90	0.6	0.6	0.6
Jamaican	45	25	25	0.1	0.2	0.2
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	80	35	45	0.3	0.2	0.3
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	155	75	80	0.5	0.5	0.5
Korean	130	65	60	0.4	0.4	0.4
Romanian	100	40	60	0.3	0.3	0.4
Lebanese	75	20	50	0.2	0.1	0.3
Iranian	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	55	20	30	0.2	0.1	0.2
Danish	585	310	275	1.9	2.0	1.7
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	160	65	95	0.5	0.4	0.6
Sikh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austrian	455	210	240	1.4	1.4	1.5
Belgian	170	80	90	0.5	0.5	0.6
Haitian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindu	30	20	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Mexican	120	55	60	0.4	0.4	0.4
Mennonite	70	25	45	0.2	0.2	0.3
Swiss	210	105	105	0.7	0.7	0.6
Finnish	465	215	255	1.5	1.4	1.6
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	180	65	115	0.6	0.4	0.7
Japanese	325	150	175	1.0	1.0	1.1
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	40	10	30	0.1	0.1	0.2
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	80	45	30	0.3	0.3	0.2
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	335	145	180	1.1	1.0	1.1
Muslim	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egyptian	30	0	25	0.1	0.0	0.2
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	30	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	255	100	155	0.8	0.7	1.0
Colombian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moroccan	20	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Czech	235	110	120	0.7	0.7	0.7
Syrian	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Guyanese	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Afghan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Serbian	35	10	25	0.1	0.1	0.2
Ojibway	25	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Newfoundlander	40	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Hong Konger	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ontarian	55	40	20	0.2	0.3	0.1
Persian	50	20	25	0.2	0.1	0.2
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Turkish	40	10	30	0.1	0.1	0.2
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazilian	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Nigerian	20	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	105	45	55	0.3	0.3	0.3
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	80	30	55	0.3	0.2	0.3
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwanese	50	20	30	0.2	0.1	0.2
Iraqi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	40	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	30	0	25	0.1	0.0	0.2
Algonquin	35	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	95	45	50	0.3	0.3	0.3
South African	110	60	55	0.3	0.4	0.3
Australian	205	100	105	0.7	0.7	0.6
Palestinian	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chilean	45	25	20	0.1	0.2	0.1
Congolese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nova Scotian	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peruvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	20	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Macedonian	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Slovenian	40	30	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	80	45	35	0.3	0.3	0.2
New Brunswicker	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Canadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israeli	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	15	15	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	30	20	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Bulgarian	30	10	25	0.1	0.1	0.2
Albertan	25	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Ghanaian	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Barbadian	15	15	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
African American	35	20	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	45	10	35	0.1	0.1	0.2
Tunisian	30	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	65	45	20	0.2	0.3	0.1
Cuban	10	10	10	0.0	0.1	0.1
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuelan	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	50	30	20	0.2	0.2	0.1
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	50	0	50	0.2	0.0	0.3
Laotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Irish	35	35	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	60	40	15	0.2	0.3	0.1
British Columbian	195	90	110	0.6	0.6	0.7
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Argentinian	20	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Estonian	30	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	35	30	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Jatt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	40	25	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	25	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.1
Dominican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Byelorussian	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	40	15	25	0.1	0.1	0.2
Abenaki	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Zealander	60	35	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
Sudanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Breton	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania Dutch	20	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Malaysian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saskatchewanian	15	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gaspesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norman	15	15	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mauritian	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kenyan	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Manitoban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Honduran	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cherokee	20	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Flemish	15	15	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Goan	15	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	20	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Zimbabwean	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamileke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tanzanian	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Yemeni	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Libyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Basque	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igorot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guinean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Prince Edward Islander	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maliseet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Beninese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Roma	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tajik	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amhara	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	31,510	15,205	16,305	100.0	100.0	100.0
Buddhist	420	175	245	1.3	1.2	1.5
Christian	10,335	4,535	5,805	32.8	29.8	35.6
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	2,160	995	1,165	6.9	6.5	7.1
Anabaptist	40	10	30	0.1	0.1	0.2
Anglican	1,575	630	945	5.0	4.1	5.8
Baptist	415	180	235	1.3	1.2	1.4
Catholic	2,995	1,375	1,620	9.5	9.0	9.9
Christian Orthodox	155	50	105	0.5	0.3	0.6
Jehovah's Witness	290	130	160	0.9	0.9	1.0
Latter Day Saints	60	25	30	0.2	0.2	0.2
Lutheran	355	175	180	1.1	1.2	1.1
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	25	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.1
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	165	70	90	0.5	0.5	0.6
Presbyterian	215	125	95	0.7	0.8	0.6
Reformed	25	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.1
United Church	1,215	455	760	3.9	3.0	4.7
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	660	310	350	2.1	2.0	2.1
Hindu	65	30	35	0.2	0.2	0.2
Jewish	215	115	105	0.7	0.8	0.6
Muslim	115	60	55	0.4	0.4	0.3
Sikh	190	60	130	0.6	0.4	0.8
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	55	25	35	0.2	0.2	0.2
Other religions and spiritual traditions	480	190	290	1.5	1.2	1.8
No religion and secular perspectives	19,630	10,015	9,610	62.3	65.9	58.9
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	31,340	15,105	16,225	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	27,170	13,185	13,990	86.7	87.3	86.2
Movers	4,165	1,925	2,240	13.3	12.7	13.8
Non-migrants	1,790	805	990	5.7	5.3	6.1
Migrants	2,375	1,120	1,250	7.6	7.4	7.7
Internal migrants	2,225	1,040	1,180	7.1	6.9	7.3
Intraprovincial migrants	1,920	920	1,000	6.1	6.1	6.2
Interprovincial migrants	305	125	185	1.0	0.8	1.1
External migrants	155	80	75	0.5	0.5	0.5
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	30,405	14,640	15,765	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	17,225	8,450	8,770	56.7	57.7	55.6
Movers	13,175	6,190	6,985	43.3	42.3	44.3
Non-migrants	2,840	1,300	1,540	9.3	8.9	9.8
Migrants	10,335	4,890	5,450	34.0	33.4	34.6
Internal migrants	9,610	4,550	5,060	31.6	31.1	32.1
Intraprovincial migrants	8,420	3,985	4,435	27.7	27.2	28.1
Interprovincial migrants	1,190	565	620	3.9	3.9	3.9
External migrants	725	340	390	2.4	2.3	2.5
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	27,725	13,225	14,500	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	3,990	2,245	1,740	14.4	17.0	12.0
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	23,735	10,975	12,755	85.6	83.0	88.0
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	15,180	7,145	8,035	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	1,575	950	615	10.4	13.3	7.7
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	13,610	6,195	7,415	89.7	86.7	92.3
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	27,725	13,225	14,500	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	3,185	1,660	1,525	11.5	12.6	10.5
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	8,155	3,720	4,435	29.4	28.1	30.6
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	16,385	7,845	8,540	59.1	59.3	58.9
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	9,595	4,855	4,740	34.6	36.7	32.7
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	2,920	2,240	680	10.5	16.9	4.7
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	1,190	735	455	4.3	5.6	3.1
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	1,730	1,505	230	6.2	11.4	1.6
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	5,520	2,285	3,235	19.9	17.3	22.3
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,155	330	830	4.2	2.5	5.7
Bachelor's degree or higher	6,785	2,985	3,800	24.5	22.6	26.2
Bachelor's degree	4,220	1,870	2,350	15.2	14.1	16.2
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	595	235	360	2.1	1.8	2.5
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	115	60	60	0.4	0.5	0.4
Master's degree	1,550	655	890	5.6	5.0	6.1
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	305	165	140	1.1	1.2	1.0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	15,180	7,145	8,035	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	1,215	715	495	8.0	10.0	6.2
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	4,405	2,090	2,310	29.0	29.3	28.7
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	9,565	4,340	5,225	63.0	60.7	65.0
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	5,550	2,715	2,840	36.6	38.0	35.3
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	1,615	1,195	420	10.6	16.7	5.2
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	685	400	285	4.5	5.6	3.5
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	930	795	140	6.1	11.1	1.7
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	3,255	1,335	1,920	21.4	18.7	23.9
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	675	185	490	4.4	2.6	6.1
Bachelor's degree or higher	4,020	1,625	2,390	26.5	22.7	29.7
Bachelor's degree	2,575	1,045	1,530	17.0	14.6	19.0
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	340	125	215	2.2	1.7	2.7
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	85	30	55	0.6	0.4	0.7
Master's degree	870	355	520	5.7	5.0	6.5
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	145	70	70	1.0	1.0	0.9
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	27,720	13,225	14,495	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	11,340	5,380	5,960	40.9	40.7	41.1
Education	1,475	305	1,170	5.3	2.3	8.1
13. Education	1,475	305	1,170	5.3	2.3	8.1
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	825	330	500	3.0	2.5	3.4
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	95	70	25	0.3	0.5	0.2
50. Visual and performing arts	730	260	475	2.6	2.0	3.3
Humanities	940	385	555	3.4	2.9	3.8
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	70	10	55	0.3	0.1	0.4
23. English language and literature/letters	330	90	240	1.2	0.7	1.7
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	220	100	120	0.8	0.8	0.8
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
38. Philosophy and religious studies	55	40	10	0.2	0.3	0.1
39. Theology and religious vocations	60	40	20	0.2	0.3	0.1
54. History	155	80	75	0.6	0.6	0.5
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	30	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,925	680	1,245	6.9	5.1	8.6
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	25	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.1
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	270	95	180	1.0	0.7	1.2
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	265	30	235	1.0	0.2	1.6
22. Legal professions and studies	260	105	150	0.9	0.8	1.0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	45	20	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
42. Psychology	415	105	310	1.5	0.8	2.1
45. Social sciences	640	315	325	2.3	2.4	2.2
Business, management and public administration	2,735	1,030	1,705	9.9	7.8	11.8
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	245	75	165	0.9	0.6	1.1
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	2,490	950	1,540	9.0	7.2	10.6
Physical and life sciences and technologies	630	360	270	2.3	2.7	1.9
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	280	140	145	1.0	1.1	1.0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	80	40	45	0.3	0.3	0.3
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
40. Physical sciences	210	165	45	0.8	1.2	0.3
41. Science technologies/technicians	50	15	30	0.2	0.1	0.2
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	405	230	175	1.5	1.7	1.2
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	245	155	90	0.9	1.2	0.6
25. Library science	60	20	35	0.2	0.2	0.2
27. Mathematics and statistics	95	45	45	0.3	0.3	0.3
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	15	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	3,430	3,200	230	12.4	24.2	1.6
04. Architecture and related services	145	105	45	0.5	0.8	0.3
14. Engineering	485	425	65	1.7	3.2	0.4
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	735	655	75	2.7	5.0	0.5
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	1,015	995	20	3.7	7.5	0.1
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	680	675	0	2.5	5.1	0.0
48. Precision production	365	340	30	1.3	2.6	0.2
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	555	340	215	2.0	2.6	1.5
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	255	120	135	0.9	0.9	0.9
03. Natural resources and conservation	295	215	80	1.1	1.6	0.6
Health and related fields	2,405	440	1,960	8.7	3.3	13.5
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	220	110	110	0.8	0.8	0.8
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	2,155	320	1,835	7.8	2.4	12.7
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Personal, protective and transportation services	1,060	555	510	3.8	4.2	3.5
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	675	205	470	2.4	1.6	3.2
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	85	75	10	0.3	0.6	0.1
49. Transportation and materials moving	295	270	20	1.1	2.0	0.1
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	15,180	7,145	8,035	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	5,615	2,810	2,805	37.0	39.3	34.9
Education	695	115	580	4.6	1.6	7.2
13. Education	695	115	580	4.6	1.6	7.2
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	505	200	305	3.3	2.8	3.8
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	50	35	20	0.3	0.5	0.2
50. Visual and performing arts	455	170	285	3.0	2.4	3.5
Humanities	540	190	350	3.6	2.7	4.4
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	50	10	40	0.3	0.1	0.5
23. English language and literature/letters	170	30	140	1.1	0.4	1.7
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	155	60	95	1.0	0.8	1.2
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
38. Philosophy and religious studies	30	25	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
39. Theology and religious vocations	25	20	10	0.2	0.3	0.1
54. History	75	35	40	0.5	0.5	0.5
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	25	10	15	0.2	0.1	0.2
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,195	405	795	7.9	5.7	9.9
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	195	65	130	1.3	0.9	1.6
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	175	20	155	1.2	0.3	1.9
22. Legal professions and studies	120	45	70	0.8	0.6	0.9
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	25	10	15	0.2	0.1	0.2
42. Psychology	230	40	190	1.5	0.6	2.4
45. Social sciences	435	220	210	2.9	3.1	2.6
Business, management and public administration	1,625	615	1,010	10.7	8.6	12.6
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	110	35	75	0.7	0.5	0.9
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	1,515	580	925	10.0	8.1	11.5
Physical and life sciences and technologies	340	165	175	2.2	2.3	2.2
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	165	70	90	1.1	1.0	1.1
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	40	20	20	0.3	0.3	0.2
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
40. Physical sciences	100	60	40	0.7	0.8	0.5
41. Science technologies/technicians	35	10	20	0.2	0.1	0.2
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	260	170	90	1.7	2.4	1.1
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	180	125	55	1.2	1.7	0.7
25. Library science	30	0	20	0.2	0.0	0.2
27. Mathematics and statistics	45	25	15	0.3	0.3	0.2
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	15	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	1,840	1,660	175	12.1	23.2	2.2
04. Architecture and related services	70	55	20	0.5	0.8	0.2
14. Engineering	245	200	50	1.6	2.8	0.6
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	385	325	65	2.5	4.5	0.8
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	590	570	20	3.9	8.0	0.2
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	355	360	0	2.3	5.0	0.0
48. Precision production	185	160	20	1.2	2.2	0.2
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	355	195	160	2.3	2.7	2.0
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	190	80	110	1.3	1.1	1.4
03. Natural resources and conservation	160	110	50	1.1	1.5	0.6
Health and related fields	1,500	290	1,215	9.9	4.1	15.1
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	125	75	55	0.8	1.0	0.7
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	1,365	215	1,150	9.0	3.0	14.3
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Personal, protective and transportation services	705	330	375	4.6	4.6	4.7
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	445	105	345	2.9	1.5	4.3
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	60	55	10	0.4	0.8	0.1
49. Transportation and materials moving	190	165	20	1.3	2.3	0.2
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	15,180	7,145	8,035	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	5,615	2,810	2,805	37.0	39.3	34.9
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	9,570	4,340	5,230	63.0	60.7	65.1
Location of study inside Canada	7,980	3,640	4,340	52.6	50.9	54.0
Same as province or territory of residence	6,130	2,730	3,395	40.4	38.2	42.3
Different than province or territory of residence	1,855	910	940	12.2	12.7	11.7
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	1,585	700	890	10.4	9.8	11.1
Americas	450	200	240	3.0	2.8	3.0
United States of America	390	175	215	2.6	2.4	2.7
Mexico	25	15	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Cuba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazil	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Americas	10	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Europe	525	250	275	3.5	3.5	3.4
Belgium	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
France	30	15	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Germany	30	0	25	0.2	0.0	0.3
Netherlands	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Switzerland	20	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	30	20	10	0.2	0.3	0.1
Romania	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Russian Federation	25	0	20	0.2	0.0	0.2
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	295	155	145	1.9	2.2	1.8
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	30	10	15	0.2	0.1	0.2
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Europe	30	10	20	0.2	0.1	0.2
Africa	80	40	45	0.5	0.6	0.6
Nigeria	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	60	20	45	0.4	0.3	0.6
Other locations of study in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asia	460	160	290	3.0	2.2	3.6
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
China⁹⁰	25	10	15	0.2	0.1	0.2
Taiwan	20	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	40	10	25	0.3	0.1	0.3
Korea, South⁹²	30	15	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Philippines	220	80	140	1.4	1.1	1.7
Viet Nam	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	65	30	30	0.4	0.4	0.4
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Asia	25	0	25	0.2	0.0	0.3
Oceania	75	45	30	0.5	0.6	0.4
Australia	55	35	25	0.4	0.5	0.3
New Zealand	20	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	27,725	13,225	14,500	...	...	...
In the labour force	15,005	7,525	7,490	...	...	...
Employed	13,910	6,955	6,950	...	...	...
Unemployed	1,100	565	540	...	...	...
Not in the labour force	12,715	5,700	7,015	...	...	...
Participation rate	54.1	56.9	51.7	54.1	56.9	51.7
Employment rate	50.2	52.6	47.9	50.2	52.6	47.9
Unemployment rate	7.3	7.5	7.2	7.3	7.5	7.2
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	27,720	13,225	14,495	100.0	100.0	100.0
Did not work¹⁸⁶	12,580	5,670	6,910	45.4	42.9	47.7
Worked	15,145	7,550	7,595	54.6	57.1	52.4
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	6,580	3,750	2,835	23.7	28.4	19.6
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	8,565	3,805	4,755	30.9	28.8	32.8
Average weeks worked in reference year	39.8	40.6	38.9	39.8	40.6	38.9
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	15,010	7,520	7,485	100.0	100.0	100.0
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	260	135	125	1.7	1.8	1.7
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	14,750	7,390	7,360	98.3	98.3	98.3
Employee	9,990	4,795	5,200	66.6	63.8	69.5
Permanent position	8,395	4,095	4,300	55.9	54.5	57.4
Temporary position	1,595	700	895	10.6	9.3	12.0
Fixed term (1 year or more)	405	190	210	2.7	2.5	2.8
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	1,190	515	680	7.9	6.8	9.1
Self-employed¹⁹²	4,755	2,595	2,165	31.7	34.5	28.9
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	15,010	7,520	7,485	100.0	100.0	100.0
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	260	135	125	1.7	1.8	1.7
All occupations¹⁹¹	14,750	7,390	7,360	98.3	98.3	98.3
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	190	100	90	1.3	1.3	1.2
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	1,980	530	1,450	13.2	7.0	19.4
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	1,000	790	215	6.7	10.5	2.9
3 Health occupations	1,190	230	965	7.9	3.1	12.9
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	1,650	455	1,195	11.0	6.1	16.0
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	925	390	535	6.2	5.2	7.1
6 Sales and service occupations	3,740	1,400	2,340	24.9	18.6	31.3
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	3,075	2,755	320	20.5	36.6	4.3
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	610	445	160	4.1	5.9	2.1
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	385	295	85	2.6	3.9	1.1
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	15,010	7,520	7,485	100.0	100.0	100.0
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	260	135	125	1.7	1.8	1.7
All industries¹⁹¹	14,750	7,390	7,360	98.3	98.3	98.3
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	415	295	125	2.8	3.9	1.7
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	175	140	30	1.2	1.9	0.4
22 Utilities	90	65	20	0.6	0.9	0.3
23 Construction	1,805	1,555	250	12.0	20.7	3.3
31-33 Manufacturing	735	605	125	4.9	8.0	1.7
41 Wholesale trade	260	160	95	1.7	2.1	1.3
44-45 Retail trade	1,715	695	1,025	11.4	9.2	13.7
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	695	475	220	4.6	6.3	2.9
51 Information and cultural industries	285	165	120	1.9	2.2	1.6
52 Finance and insurance	360	150	215	2.4	2.0	2.9
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	350	165	185	2.3	2.2	2.5
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	1,485	775	710	9.9	10.3	9.5
55 Management of companies and enterprises	40	25	15	0.3	0.3	0.2
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	765	415	360	5.1	5.5	4.8
61 Educational services	935	225	710	6.2	3.0	9.5
62 Health care and social assistance	1,775	335	1,445	11.8	4.5	19.3
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	465	225	240	3.1	3.0	3.2
72 Accommodation and food services	1,120	400	720	7.5	5.3	9.6
81 Other services (except public administration)	650	245	405	4.3	3.3	5.4
91 Public administration	625	270	355	4.2	3.6	4.7
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	16,490	8,200	8,290	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	16,170	8,045	8,125	98.1	98.1	98.0
French	35	10	30	0.2	0.1	0.4
Non-official language	40	20	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	40	20	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
English and French	70	45	30	0.4	0.5	0.4
English and non-official language(s)	150	70	70	0.9	0.9	0.8
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	30	10	20	0.2	0.1	0.2
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	16,490	8,200	8,290	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	16,455	8,190	8,260	99.8	99.9	99.6
Official languages	16,405	8,160	8,240	99.5	99.5	99.4
English	16,365	8,160	8,205	99.2	99.5	99.0
French	45	10	35	0.3	0.1	0.4
Non-official languages	45	30	25	0.3	0.4	0.3
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	45	30	25	0.3	0.4	0.3
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	25	0	20	0.2	0.0	0.2
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	25	0	20	0.2	0.0	0.2
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	25	20	0	0.2	0.2	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	15	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	15	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	35	10	25	0.2	0.1	0.3
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	30	10	20	0.2	0.1	0.2
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	16,490	8,200	8,290	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	16,280	8,085	8,190	98.7	98.6	98.8
English	20	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
French	60	45	15	0.4	0.5	0.2
Non-official language	105	55	50	0.6	0.7	0.6
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Non-Indigenous	95	55	45	0.6	0.7	0.5
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	30	10	20	0.2	0.1	0.2
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	13,910	6,955	6,950	100.0	100.0	100.0
Worked at home	3,250	1,440	1,815	23.4	20.7	26.1
Worked outside Canada	25	20	10	0.2	0.3	0.1
No fixed workplace address	2,785	2,050	740	20.0	29.5	10.6
Usual place of work	7,845	3,460	4,390	56.4	49.7	63.2
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	7,850	3,455	4,395	100.0	100.0	100.0
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	3,385	1,445	1,935	43.1	41.8	44.0
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	3,680	1,565	2,115	46.9	45.3	48.1
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	750	415	335	9.6	12.0	7.6
Commute to a different province or territory	35	30	0	0.4	0.9	0.0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	10,635	5,505	5,130	100.0	100.0	100.0
Car, truck or van	8,925	4,765	4,160	83.9	86.6	81.1
Car, truck or van - as a driver	8,270	4,475	3,795	77.8	81.3	74.0
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	655	295	360	6.2	5.4	7.0
Public transit	395	140	255	3.7	2.5	5.0
Walked	805	310	495	7.6	5.6	9.6
Bicycle	115	55	65	1.1	1.0	1.3
Other method	390	225	160	3.7	4.1	3.1
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	10,635	5,505	5,130	100.0	100.0	100.0
Less than 15 minutes	4,760	2,055	2,710	44.8	37.3	52.8
15 to 29 minutes	3,235	1,735	1,500	30.4	31.5	29.2
30 to 44 minutes	1,565	935	630	14.7	17.0	12.3
45 to 59 minutes	360	285	75	3.4	5.2	1.5
60 minutes and over	710	495	215	6.7	9.0	4.2
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	10,635	5,505	5,130	100.0	100.0	100.0
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	755	510	245	7.1	9.3	4.8
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	1,435	915	515	13.5	16.6	10.0
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	2,470	1,440	1,030	23.2	26.2	20.1
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	2,865	1,270	1,600	26.9	23.1	31.2
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	1,915	760	1,150	18.0	13.8	22.4
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	1,200	610	590	11.3	11.1	11.5
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	4,600	2,370	2,225	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	390	195	200	8.5	8.2	9.0
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	4,205	2,180	2,025	91.4	92.0	91.0
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	3,415	1,750	1,660	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	300	145	155	8.8	8.3	9.3
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	160	70	85	4.7	4.0	5.1
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	140	75	70	4.1	4.3	4.2
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	3,110	1,605	1,505	91.1	91.7	90.7

Symbol legend

...
not applicable

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 30, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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Census Profile, 2021 Census of PopulationProfile table

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Note(s):

Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table