Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	Powell River, Regional district (RD)More information: British Columbia [Census division]
	Counts			Rates
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	21,496	...	...	...	...	...
Population, 2016¹	20,070	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	7.1	...	...	7.1	...	...
Total private dwellings²	11,921	...	...	...	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	10,057	...	...	...	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	4.2	...	...	4.2	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	5,067.89	...	...	...	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	21,495	10,600	10,895	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	2,610	1,370	1,235	12.1	12.9	11.3
0 to 4 years	735	360	370	3.4	3.4	3.4
5 to 9 years	915	505	410	4.3	4.8	3.8
10 to 14 years	960	505	455	4.5	4.8	4.2
15 to 64 years	12,090	5,875	6,215	56.2	55.4	57.0
15 to 19 years	915	455	460	4.3	4.3	4.2
20 to 24 years	705	350	350	3.3	3.3	3.2
25 to 29 years	840	445	400	3.9	4.2	3.7
30 to 34 years	1,015	500	515	4.7	4.7	4.7
35 to 39 years	1,175	560	620	5.5	5.3	5.7
40 to 44 years	1,110	525	585	5.2	5.0	5.4
45 to 49 years	1,090	530	560	5.1	5.0	5.1
50 to 54 years	1,305	655	655	6.1	6.2	6.0
55 to 59 years	1,790	845	940	8.3	8.0	8.6
60 to 64 years	2,145	1,010	1,135	10.0	9.5	10.4
65 years and over	6,800	3,355	3,445	31.6	31.7	31.6
65 to 69 years	2,175	1,055	1,120	10.1	10.0	10.3
70 to 74 years	1,935	1,035	900	9.0	9.8	8.3
75 to 79 years	1,205	600	610	5.6	5.7	5.6
80 to 84 years	760	375	380	3.5	3.5	3.5
85 years and over	730	290	440	3.4	2.7	4.0
85 to 89 years	450	195	250	2.1	1.8	2.3
90 to 94 years	220	80	140	1.0	0.8	1.3
95 to 99 years	55	10	40	0.3	0.1	0.4
100 years and over	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	12.1	12.9	11.3	12.1	12.9	11.3
15 to 64 years	56.2	55.4	57.0	56.2	55.4	57.0
65 years and over	31.6	31.7	31.6	31.6	31.7	31.6
85 years and over	3.4	2.7	4.0	3.4	2.7	4.0
Average age of the population	49.6	49.0	50.1	49.6	49.0	50.1
Median age of the population	54.8	54.4	55.2	54.8	54.4	55.2
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	10,055	...	...	100.0	...	...
Single-detached house	7,770	...	...	77.3	...	...
Semi-detached house	295	...	...	2.9	...	...
Row house	130	...	...	1.3	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	350	...	...	3.5	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	955	...	...	9.5	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	20	...	...	0.2	...	...
Other single-attached house	40	...	...	0.4	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	495	...	...	4.9	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	10,055	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 person	3,525	...	...	35.1	...	...
2 persons	4,100	...	...	40.8	...	...
3 persons	1,140	...	...	11.3	...	...
4 persons	820	...	...	8.2	...	...
5 or more persons	475	...	...	4.7	...	...
Number of persons in private households	21,060	10,390	10,670	100.0	100.0	100.0
Average household size	2.1	...	...	2.1	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	18,890	9,230	9,660	100.0	100.0	100.0
Married or living common-law	11,190	5,605	5,580	59.2	60.7	57.8
Married	8,625	4,315	4,310	45.7	46.7	44.6
Living common-law	2,560	1,285	1,270	13.6	13.9	13.1
Living common law - Never married	1,640	840	795	8.7	9.1	8.2
Living common law - Separated	130	65	60	0.7	0.7	0.6
Living common law - Divorced	700	345	360	3.7	3.7	3.7
Living common law - Widowed	95	35	60	0.5	0.4	0.6
Not married and not living common-law	7,700	3,620	4,080	40.8	39.2	42.2
Not married and not living common law - Never married	4,180	2,325	1,855	22.1	25.2	19.2
Not married and not living common law - Separated	550	260	290	2.9	2.8	3.0
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	1,610	690	920	8.5	7.5	9.5
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	1,360	345	1,010	7.2	3.7	10.5
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	6,305	...	...	100.0	...	...
2 persons	4,245	...	...	67.3	...	...
3 persons	1,020	...	...	16.2	...	...
4 persons	735	...	...	11.7	...	...
5 or more persons	310	...	...	4.9	...	...
Average size of census families	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.7	...	...	1.7	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	6,305	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total couple families	5,445	...	...	86.4	...	...
Married couples	4,170	...	...	66.1	...	...
With children⁶	1,355	...	...	21.5	...	...
Without children	2,810	...	...	44.6	...	...
Common-law couples	1,275	...	...	20.2	...	...
With children⁶	425	...	...	6.7	...	...
Without children	855	...	...	13.6	...	...
Total one-parent families	860	...	...	13.6	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	635	...	...	10.1	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	220	...	...	3.5	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	21,060	10,395	10,670	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total - Persons in census families	16,130	8,075	8,050	76.6	77.7	75.4
Married spouses or common-law partners	10,895	5,455	5,435	51.7	52.5	50.9
Parents in one-parent families	860	225	640	4.1	2.2	6.0
Children⁶	4,375	2,400	1,980	20.8	23.1	18.6
In a two-parent family	3,140	1,715	1,420	14.9	16.5	13.3
In a one-parent family	1,235	680	560	5.9	6.5	5.2
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	4,935	2,315	2,615	23.4	22.3	24.5
Living alone	3,520	1,645	1,875	16.7	15.8	17.6
Living with other relatives⁷	430	165	260	2.0	1.6	2.4
Living with non-relatives only	985	505	480	4.7	4.9	4.5
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	10,060	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	5,590	...	...	55.6	...	...
Couple-family households	4,940	...	...	49.1	...	...
With children⁶	1,585	...	...	15.8	...	...
Without children	3,365	...	...	33.4	...	...
One-parent-family households	645	...	...	6.4	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	205	...	...	2.0	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	50	...	...	0.5	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	325	...	...	3.2	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	370	...	...	3.7	...	...
One-person households	3,520	...	...	35.0	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	18,465	9,025	9,435	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	18,075	8,845	9,225	97.9	98.0	97.8
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	35,600	40,400	31,800	35,600	40,400	31,800
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	18,090	8,855	9,235	98.0	98.1	97.9
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	33,200	37,600	29,800	33,200	37,600	29,800
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	15,700	7,785	7,915	85.0	86.3	83.9
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	26,200	31,200	21,400	26,200	31,200	21,400
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	10,530	5,280	5,250	57.0	58.5	55.6
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	28,600	33,600	24,600	28,600	33,600	24,600
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	15,895	7,610	8,285	86.1	84.3	87.8
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	14,200	15,100	13,400	14,200	15,100	13,400
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	1,650	860	790	8.9	9.5	8.4
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,720	6,120	5,400	5,720	6,120	5,400
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	4,025	1,960	2,065	21.8	21.7	21.9
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,500	8,000	9,500	8,500	8,000	9,500
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	18,450	9,025	9,425	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	18,025	8,845	9,180	97.7	98.0	97.4
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	43,960	49,800	38,320	43,960	49,800	38,320
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	18,055	8,860	9,195	97.9	98.2	97.6
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	38,720	43,200	34,400	38,720	43,200	34,400
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	15,640	7,765	7,875	84.8	86.0	83.6
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	36,840	43,240	30,520	36,840	43,240	30,520
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	10,535	5,275	5,255	57.1	58.4	55.8
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	38,240	44,520	31,960	38,240	44,520	31,960
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	15,860	7,630	8,230	86.0	84.5	87.3
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	13,640	13,720	13,560	13,640	13,720	13,560
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	1,735	875	860	9.4	9.7	9.1
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,940	7,540	6,320	6,940	7,540	6,320
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	4,110	2,060	2,050	22.3	22.8	21.8
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	9,250	8,930	9,570	9,250	8,930	9,570
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	18,450	9,025	9,425	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	3,755	1,985	1,770	20.4	22.0	18.8
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	57,200	64,500	51,200	57,200	64,500	51,200
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	63,800	71,400	55,250	63,800	71,400	55,250
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	5,080	2,450	2,630	27.5	27.1	27.9
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	18,600	21,200	17,000	18,600	21,200	17,000
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	27,040	31,760	22,620	27,040	31,760	22,620
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	72.8	76.2	68.2	72.8	76.2	68.2
Employment income (%)¹⁹	50.9	53.3	47.7	50.9	53.3	47.7
Government transfers (%)²⁰	27.3	23.8	31.7	27.3	23.8	31.7
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.5	1.5	1.5	1.5	1.5	1.5
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	6.3	5.3	7.4	6.3	5.3	7.4
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	4.8	4.2	5.6	4.8	4.2	5.6
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	18,460	9,030	9,435	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without total income	390	180	210	2.1	2.0	2.2
With total income	18,070	8,845	9,230	97.9	98.0	97.8
Under $10,000 (including loss)	1,490	580	910	8.2	6.6	9.9
$10,000 to $19,999	2,515	1,010	1,505	13.9	11.4	16.3
$20,000 to $29,999	3,370	1,450	1,920	18.6	16.4	20.8
$30,000 to $39,999	2,820	1,330	1,485	15.6	15.0	16.1
$40,000 to $49,999	2,220	1,125	1,100	12.3	12.7	11.9
$50,000 to $59,999	1,690	905	790	9.4	10.2	8.6
$60,000 to $69,999	1,130	635	495	6.3	7.2	5.4
$70,000 to $79,999	745	440	305	4.1	5.0	3.3
$80,000 to $89,999	565	370	195	3.1	4.2	2.1
$90,000 to $99,999	420	245	175	2.3	2.8	1.9
$100,000 and over	1,105	760	345	6.1	8.6	3.7
$100,000 to $149,999	785	530	255	4.3	6.0	2.8
$150,000 and over	320	230	90	1.8	2.6	1.0
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	18,460	9,030	9,435	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without after-tax income	375	170	205	2.0	1.9	2.2
With after-tax income	18,090	8,855	9,230	98.0	98.1	97.8
Under $10,000 (including loss)	1,565	610	950	8.7	6.9	10.3
$10,000 to $19,999	2,615	1,040	1,575	14.5	11.7	17.1
$20,000 to $29,999	3,755	1,625	2,130	20.8	18.4	23.1
$30,000 to $39,999	3,145	1,500	1,650	17.4	16.9	17.9
$40,000 to $49,999	2,495	1,340	1,155	13.8	15.1	12.5
$50,000 to $59,999	1,555	850	705	8.6	9.6	7.6
$60,000 to $69,999	985	595	390	5.4	6.7	4.2
$70,000 to $79,999	660	410	250	3.6	4.6	2.7
$80,000 to $89,999	475	300	180	2.6	3.4	2.0
$90,000 to $99,999	270	180	95	1.5	2.0	1.0
$100,000 and over	560	400	165	3.1	4.5	1.8
$100,000 to $124,999	305	220	90	1.7	2.5	1.0
$125,000 and over	250	185	70	1.4	2.1	0.8
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	18,460	9,030	9,435	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without employment income	7,930	3,745	4,180	43.0	41.5	44.3
With employment income	10,535	5,280	5,255	57.1	58.5	55.7
Under $5,000 (including loss)	1,985	920	1,065	18.8	17.4	20.3
$5,000 to $9,999	895	400	490	8.5	7.6	9.3
$10,000 to $19,999	1,415	625	790	13.4	11.8	15.0
$20,000 to $29,999	1,100	515	590	10.4	9.8	11.2
$30,000 to $39,999	1,075	480	595	10.2	9.1	11.3
$40,000 to $49,999	900	435	470	8.5	8.2	8.9
$50,000 to $59,999	780	390	390	7.4	7.4	7.4
$60,000 to $69,999	625	355	265	5.9	6.7	5.0
$70,000 to $79,999	405	255	150	3.8	4.8	2.9
$80,000 to $89,999	340	215	120	3.2	4.1	2.3
$90,000 to $99,999	275	160	115	2.6	3.0	2.2
$100,000 and over	740	525	210	7.0	9.9	4.0
$100,000 to $124,999	410	275	135	3.9	5.2	2.6
$125,000 and over	330	255	75	3.1	4.8	1.4
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	18,465	9,025	9,435	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	17,715	8,670	9,050	95.9	96.1	95.9
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	33,200	39,600	28,400	33,200	39,600	28,400
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	17,770	8,680	9,090	96.2	96.2	96.3
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	30,600	36,000	26,400	30,600	36,000	26,400
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	15,675	7,765	7,905	84.9	86.0	83.8
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	28,000	33,200	23,200	28,000	33,200	23,200
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	12,000	6,165	5,840	65.0	68.3	61.9
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	26,000	29,400	23,400	26,000	29,400	23,400
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	13,685	6,310	7,380	74.1	69.9	78.2
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	11,800	13,400	10,500	11,800	13,400	10,500
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	1,385	705	685	7.5	7.8	7.3
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	5,120	5,000	5,240	5,120	5,000	5,240
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	18,450	9,025	9,425	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	17,695	8,655	9,040	95.9	95.9	95.9
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	42,240	49,600	35,160	42,240	49,600	35,160
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	17,730	8,670	9,060	96.1	96.1	96.1
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	36,640	42,400	31,120	36,640	42,400	31,120
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	15,630	7,745	7,885	84.7	85.8	83.7
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	38,080	46,040	30,280	38,080	46,040	30,280
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	12,010	6,135	5,870	65.1	68.0	62.3
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	36,120	42,560	29,400	36,120	42,560	29,400
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	13,580	6,205	7,375	73.6	68.8	78.2
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	11,180	11,740	10,700	11,180	11,740	10,700
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	1,430	705	725	7.8	7.8	7.7
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,460	6,210	6,700	6,460	6,210	6,700
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	18,450	9,025	9,425	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	3,770	2,005	1,760	20.4	22.2	18.7
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	53,600	62,400	47,200	53,600	62,400	47,200
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	60,200	68,800	50,360	60,200	68,800	50,360
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	4,850	2,330	2,520	26.3	25.8	26.7
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	24,400	28,800	21,000	24,400	28,800	21,000
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	33,480	41,040	26,520	33,480	41,040	26,520
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	79.6	83.0	75.2	79.6	83.0	75.2
Employment income (%)	58.0	60.8	54.3	58.0	60.8	54.3
Government transfers (%)	20.3	17.0	24.8	20.3	17.0	24.8
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.2	1.0	1.5	1.2	1.0	1.5
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	10,055	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	64,000	...	...	64,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	58,800	...	...	58,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	3,520	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	33,600	...	...	33,600	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	31,600	...	...	31,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	6,535	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	84,000	...	...	84,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	76,500	...	...	76,500	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	10,060	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	78,800	...	...	78,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	69,500	...	...	69,500	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	3,520	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	42,680	...	...	42,680	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	38,000	...	...	38,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	6,535	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	98,200	...	...	98,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	86,500	...	...	86,500	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	10,055	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	100	...	...	1.0	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	60	...	...	0.6	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	120	...	...	1.2	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	330	...	...	3.3	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	685	...	...	6.8	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	450	...	...	4.5	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	475	...	...	4.7	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	500	...	...	5.0	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	530	...	...	5.3	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	480	...	...	4.8	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	935	...	...	9.3	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	825	...	...	8.2	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	745	...	...	7.4	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	650	...	...	6.5	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	545	...	...	5.4	...	...
$100,000 and over	2,620	...	...	26.1	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	955	...	...	9.5	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	610	...	...	6.1	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	620	...	...	6.2	...	...
$200,000 and over	435	...	...	4.3	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	10,055	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	110	...	...	1.1	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	60	...	...	0.6	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	130	...	...	1.3	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	335	...	...	3.3	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	705	...	...	7.0	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	535	...	...	5.3	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	530	...	...	5.3	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	585	...	...	5.8	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	565	...	...	5.6	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	565	...	...	5.6	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	1,010	...	...	10.0	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	935	...	...	9.3	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	775	...	...	7.7	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	665	...	...	6.6	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	525	...	...	5.2	...	...
$100,000 and over	2,025	...	...	20.1	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	890	...	...	8.9	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	515	...	...	5.1	...	...
$150,000 and over	625	...	...	6.2	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	6,250	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	84,000	...	...	84,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	76,000	...	...	76,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	3,460	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	76,000	...	...	76,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	69,000	...	...	69,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	1,805	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	118,000	...	...	118,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	104,000	...	...	104,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	3.9	...	...	3.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	805	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	58,800	...	...	58,800	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	55,200	...	...	55,200	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	4,510	2,150	2,360	...	...	...
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	32,400	34,000	31,000	32,400	34,000	31,000
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	30,800	32,000	29,800	30,800	32,000	29,800
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	6,240	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	97,500	...	...	97,500	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	85,600	...	...	85,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	3,435	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	86,500	...	...	86,500	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	76,400	...	...	76,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,860	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	128,400	...	...	128,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	111,000	...	...	111,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	760	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	66,800	...	...	66,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	61,500	...	...	61,500	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	4,590	2,195	2,395	...	...	...
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	40,120	44,600	36,040	40,120	44,600	36,040
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	36,000	39,240	33,000	36,000	39,240	33,000
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	21,065	10,390	10,670	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	3,160	1,640	1,520	15.0	15.8	14.2
0 to 5 years	900	450	445	4.3	4.3	4.2
18 to 64 years	11,390	5,515	5,870	54.1	53.1	55.0
65 years and over	6,510	3,240	3,275	30.9	31.2	30.7
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	3,020	1,405	1,615	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	460	225	235	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	155	65	85	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	1,515	740	775	...	...	...
65 years and over	1,045	440	605	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	14.3	13.5	15.1	14.3	13.5	15.1
0 to 17 years (%)	14.6	13.7	15.5	14.6	13.7	15.5
0 to 5 years (%)	17.2	14.4	19.6	17.2	14.4	19.6
18 to 64 years (%)	13.3	13.4	13.2	13.3	13.4	13.2
65 years and over (%)	16.1	13.6	18.5	16.1	13.6	18.5
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	20,245	9,990	10,255	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	3,000	1,555	1,445	14.8	15.6	14.1
0 to 5 years	850	430	415	4.2	4.3	4.0
18 to 64 years	10,910	5,285	5,625	53.9	52.9	54.9
65 years and over	6,330	3,145	3,185	31.3	31.5	31.1
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	620	315	300	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	95	50	45	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	10	5	10	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	440	225	215	...	...	...
65 years and over	85	35	45	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	3.0	3.2	2.9	3.0	3.2	2.9
0 to 17 years (%)	3.1	3.3	3.0	3.1	3.3	3.0
0 to 5 years (%)	1.2	1.2	1.6	1.2	1.2	1.6
18 to 64 years (%)	4.0	4.3	3.8	4.0	4.3	3.8
65 years and over (%)	1.3	1.2	1.4	1.3	1.2	1.4
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	21,060	10,390	10,670	100.0	100.0	100.0
In bottom half of the distribution	12,795	6,180	6,610	60.8	59.5	61.9
In bottom decile	2,725	1,285	1,440	12.9	12.4	13.5
In second decile	2,650	1,255	1,390	12.6	12.1	13.0
In third decile	2,685	1,290	1,395	12.7	12.4	13.1
In fourth decile	2,485	1,250	1,235	11.8	12.0	11.6
In fifth decile	2,245	1,095	1,150	10.7	10.5	10.8
In top half of the distribution	8,265	4,210	4,055	39.2	40.5	38.0
In sixth decile	2,055	1,030	1,025	9.8	9.9	9.6
In seventh decile	1,845	940	905	8.8	9.0	8.5
In eighth decile	1,660	845	810	7.9	8.1	7.6
In ninth decile	1,535	785	755	7.3	7.6	7.1
In top decile	1,170	610	560	5.6	5.9	5.2
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	21,060	...	...	21,060	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.310	...	...	0.310	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.467	...	...	0.467	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.278	...	...	0.278	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.6	...	...	3.6	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	21,295	10,520	10,775	100.0	100.0	100.0
English only	19,670	9,770	9,895	92.4	92.9	91.8
French only	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and French	1,575	730	850	7.4	6.9	7.9
Neither English nor French	50	15	30	0.2	0.1	0.3
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	21,295	10,520	10,775	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	20,775	10,280	10,500	97.6	97.7	97.4
French	450	215	240	2.1	2.0	2.2
English and French	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Neither English nor French	40	15	25	0.2	0.1	0.2
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	21,295	10,520	10,775	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	20,975	10,365	10,610	98.5	98.5	98.5
Official languages	19,375	9,695	9,675	91.0	92.2	89.8
English	18,895	9,475	9,420	88.7	90.1	87.4
French	475	215	255	2.2	2.0	2.4
Non-official languages	1,600	675	930	7.5	6.4	8.6
Indigenous languages³⁹	25	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	10	10	5	0.0	0.1	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	1,580	665	915	7.4	6.3	8.5
Afro-Asiatic languages	45	20	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	45	20	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	15	5	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	15	5	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	75	25	55	0.4	0.2	0.5
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	65	20	45	0.3	0.2	0.4
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	1,145	505	640	5.4	4.8	5.9
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	155	65	90	0.7	0.6	0.8
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	155	65	90	0.7	0.6	0.8
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	50	20	30	0.2	0.2	0.3
Russian	40	10	30	0.2	0.1	0.3
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	15	5	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	15	5	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	555	255	300	2.6	2.4	2.8
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	265	120	145	1.2	1.1	1.3
German	250	115	130	1.2	1.1	1.2
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	220	105	110	1.0	1.0	1.0
Afrikaans	35	20	15	0.2	0.2	0.1
Dutch	175	80	90	0.8	0.8	0.8
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	65	25	40	0.3	0.2	0.4
Danish	30	10	25	0.1	0.1	0.2
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Swedish	15	5	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	20	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	75	35	40	0.4	0.3	0.4
Indo-Aryan languages	70	35	40	0.3	0.3	0.4
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	40	20	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	340	140	200	1.6	1.3	1.9
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	230	100	130	1.1	1.0	1.2
Portuguese	15	5	5	0.1	0.0	0.0
Romanian	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	85	30	55	0.4	0.3	0.5
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	40	10	30	0.2	0.1	0.3
Korean	40	15	30	0.2	0.1	0.3
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	115	45	70	0.5	0.4	0.6
Chinese languages	115	45	65	0.5	0.4	0.6
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	75	30	45	0.4	0.3	0.4
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	40	20	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	25	5	20	0.1	0.0	0.2
Lao	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	20	5	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	50	20	30	0.2	0.2	0.3
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	15	5	5	0.1	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	30	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.2
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	320	150	165	1.5	1.4	1.5
English and French	95	50	45	0.4	0.5	0.4
English and non-official language(s)	200	90	110	0.9	0.9	1.0
French and non-official language(s)	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	10	10	5	0.0	0.1	0.0
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	21,295	10,520	10,775	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	19,755	9,810	9,940	92.8	93.3	92.3
French	65	35	35	0.3	0.3	0.3
Non-official language	190	90	105	0.9	0.9	1.0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	190	85	105	0.9	0.8	1.0
English and French	265	140	130	1.2	1.3	1.2
English and non-official language(s)	950	410	540	4.5	3.9	5.0
French and non-official language(s)	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	55	35	20	0.3	0.3	0.2
Multiple non-official languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	21,295	10,520	10,775	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	21,100	10,440	10,660	99.1	99.2	98.9
Official languages	20,675	10,245	10,430	97.1	97.4	96.8
English	20,545	10,175	10,370	96.5	96.7	96.2
French	130	70	60	0.6	0.7	0.6
Non-official languages	425	200	230	2.0	1.9	2.1
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	425	195	230	2.0	1.9	2.1
Afro-Asiatic languages	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	10	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	10	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	30	20	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	30	20	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	240	105	130	1.1	1.0	1.2
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	35	15	20	0.2	0.1	0.2
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	35	15	20	0.2	0.1	0.2
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	20	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.0
Russian	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	75	35	35	0.4	0.3	0.3
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	30	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.2
German	25	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	35	20	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Afrikaans	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Dutch	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	60	25	30	0.3	0.2	0.3
Indo-Aryan languages	55	25	25	0.3	0.2	0.2
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	10	10	5	0.0	0.1	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	35	15	20	0.2	0.1	0.2
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	75	30	40	0.4	0.3	0.4
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	45	20	30	0.2	0.2	0.3
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	20	5	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	15	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.0
American Sign Language	10	10	5	0.0	0.1	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	50	25	30	0.2	0.2	0.3
Chinese languages	50	25	30	0.2	0.2	0.3
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	35	15	25	0.2	0.1	0.2
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	15	5	5	0.1	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	195	75	115	0.9	0.7	1.1
English and French	45	15	25	0.2	0.1	0.2
English and non-official language(s)	145	55	85	0.7	0.5	0.8
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	21,295	10,520	10,775	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	20,190	10,000	10,185	94.8	95.1	94.5
English	260	130	135	1.2	1.2	1.3
French	165	95	70	0.8	0.9	0.6
Non-official language	585	250	335	2.7	2.4	3.1
Indigenous³⁹	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Non-Indigenous	570	245	325	2.7	2.3	3.0
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	25	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
French and non-official language(s)	40	25	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	21,060	10,400	10,660	100.0	100.0	100.0
Official languages	20,980	10,375	10,605	99.6	99.8	99.5
English	20,975	10,375	10,600	99.6	99.8	99.4
French	1,535	655	880	7.3	6.3	8.3
Non-official languages	2,450	1,015	1,440	11.6	9.8	13.5
Indigenous languages³⁹	165	70	100	0.8	0.7	0.9
Algonquian languages	0	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	105	45	60	0.5	0.4	0.6
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	90	40	50	0.4	0.4	0.5
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	55	20	35	0.3	0.2	0.3
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	2,285	945	1,340	10.8	9.1	12.6
Afro-Asiatic languages	65	25	40	0.3	0.2	0.4
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	65	25	40	0.3	0.2	0.4
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	35	15	20	0.2	0.1	0.2
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Maltese	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	115	60	60	0.5	0.6	0.6
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	100	45	55	0.5	0.4	0.5
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	1,660	690	970	7.9	6.6	9.1
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	160	70	85	0.8	0.7	0.8
Baltic languages	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Latvian	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	160	75	85	0.8	0.7	0.8
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	20	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	50	25	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
Russian	60	15	45	0.3	0.1	0.4
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Ukrainian	25	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.2
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	600	270	330	2.8	2.6	3.1
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	345	155	185	1.6	1.5	1.7
German	345	155	185	1.6	1.5	1.7
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	200	90	110	0.9	0.9	1.0
Afrikaans	45	25	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Dutch	145	65	80	0.7	0.6	0.8
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Scandinavian languages	80	40	40	0.4	0.4	0.4
Danish	20	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Swedish	50	20	35	0.2	0.2	0.3
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	110	40	70	0.5	0.4	0.7
Indo-Aryan languages	90	35	55	0.4	0.3	0.5
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Hindi	60	20	40	0.3	0.2	0.4
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	50	20	30	0.2	0.2	0.3
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	825	325	495	3.9	3.1	4.6
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	270	105	165	1.3	1.0	1.5
Portuguese	35	10	25	0.2	0.1	0.2
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	570	240	330	2.7	2.3	3.1
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	50	15	40	0.2	0.1	0.4
Korean	95	25	65	0.5	0.2	0.6
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	35	15	15	0.2	0.1	0.1
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	45	20	30	0.2	0.2	0.3
American Sign Language	40	20	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	130	60	70	0.6	0.6	0.7
Chinese languages	120	50	65	0.6	0.5	0.6
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	90	40	45	0.4	0.4	0.4
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	40	15	25	0.2	0.1	0.2
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	30	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.2
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	30	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.2
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	60	25	35	0.3	0.2	0.3
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Hungarian	50	0	35	0.2	0.0	0.3
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	21,060	10,400	10,665	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	1,805	845	960	8.6	8.1	9.0
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	1,765	825	940	8.4	7.9	8.8
First Nations (North American Indian)	1,190	585	605	5.7	5.6	5.7
Métis	555	235	320	2.6	2.3	3.0
Inuk (Inuit)	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	20	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Non-Indigenous identity	19,255	9,550	9,705	91.4	91.8	91.0
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	21,060	10,400	10,665	100.0	100.0	100.0
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	995	480	515	4.7	4.6	4.8
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	20,065	9,920	10,145	95.3	95.4	95.1
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	10,060	...	...	100.0	...	...
Owner	7,755	...	...	77.1	...	...
Renter	2,210	...	...	22.0	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	90	...	...	0.9	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	10,060	...	...	100.0	...	...
Condominium	510	...	...	5.1	...	...
Not condominium	9,545	...	...	94.9	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	10,060	...	...	100.0	...	...
No bedrooms	80	...	...	0.8	...	...
1 bedroom	1,375	...	...	13.7	...	...
2 bedrooms	2,890	...	...	28.7	...	...
3 bedrooms	3,350	...	...	33.3	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	2,360	...	...	23.5	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	10,060	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	2,755	...	...	27.4	...	...
5 rooms	1,665	...	...	16.6	...	...
6 rooms	1,565	...	...	15.6	...	...
7 rooms	1,290	...	...	12.8	...	...
8 or more rooms	2,780	...	...	27.6	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.2	...	...	6.2	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	10,060	...	...	100.0	...	...
One person or fewer per room	9,940	...	...	98.8	...	...
More than one person per room	115	...	...	1.1	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	10,060	...	...	100.0	...	...
Suitable	9,715	...	...	96.6	...	...
Not suitable	340	...	...	3.4	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	10,060	...	...	100.0	...	...
1960 or before	2,880	...	...	28.6	...	...
1961 to 1980	3,060	...	...	30.4	...	...
1981 to 1990	1,085	...	...	10.8	...	...
1991 to 2000	1,350	...	...	13.4	...	...
2001 to 2005	345	...	...	3.4	...	...
2006 to 2010	500	...	...	5.0	...	...
2011 to 2015	315	...	...	3.1	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	505	...	...	5.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	10,060	...	...	100.0	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	9,105	...	...	90.5	...	...
Major repairs needed	950	...	...	9.4	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	10,060	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-maintainer household	5,345	...	...	53.1	...	...
Two-maintainer household	4,375	...	...	43.5	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	335	...	...	3.3	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	10,060	...	...	100.0	...	...
15 to 24 years	165	...	...	1.6	...	...
25 to 34 years	820	...	...	8.2	...	...
35 to 44 years	1,210	...	...	12.0	...	...
45 to 54 years	1,265	...	...	12.6	...	...
55 to 64 years	2,315	...	...	23.0	...	...
65 to 74 years	2,495	...	...	24.8	...	...
75 to 84 years	1,405	...	...	14.0	...	...
85 years and over	375	...	...	3.7	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	9,660	...	...	100.0	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	7,855	...	...	81.3	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	1,805	...	...	18.7	...	...
30% to less than 100%	1,660	...	...	17.2	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	10,060	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	2,835	...	...	28.2	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	1,595	...	...	15.9	...	...
Not suitable only	260	...	...	2.6	...	...
Major repairs needed only	710	...	...	7.1	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	20	...	...	0.2	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	190	...	...	1.9	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	55	...	...	0.5	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Acceptable housing	7,230	...	...	71.9	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	9,515	...	...	100.0	...	...
In core need	1,070	...	...	11.2	...	...
Not in core need	8,445	...	...	88.8	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	7,490	...	...	...	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	45.7	...	...	45.7	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	13.9	...	...	13.9	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	7.3	...	...	7.3	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	665	...	...	665	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	988	...	...	988	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	476,000	...	...	476,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	518,500	...	...	518,500	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	2,170	...	...	...	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	12.2	...	...	12.2	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	35.5	...	...	35.5	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	25.5	...	...	25.5	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	890	...	...	890	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	987	...	...	987	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	90	...	...	...	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	0.0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	376	...	...	376	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	410	...	...	410	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	21,065	10,400	10,665	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	805	380	420	3.8	3.7	3.9
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	795	375	420	3.8	3.6	3.9
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	705	355	350	3.3	3.4	3.3
Métis single ancestry	80	15	60	0.4	0.1	0.6
Inuit single ancestry	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	1,245	610	630	5.9	5.9	5.9
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	1,220	595	625	5.8	5.7	5.9
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	860	425	435	4.1	4.1	4.1
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	345	170	175	1.6	1.6	1.6
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	30	20	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	19,015	9,405	9,610	90.3	90.4	90.1
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	21,065	10,395	10,665	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	20,360	10,095	10,265	96.7	97.1	96.2
Canadian citizens aged under 18	3,100	1,635	1,460	14.7	15.7	13.7
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	17,255	8,460	8,800	81.9	81.4	82.5
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	705	300	400	3.3	2.9	3.8
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	21,065	10,395	10,665	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	18,220	9,140	9,075	86.5	87.9	85.1
Immigrants⁸¹	2,745	1,215	1,530	13.0	11.7	14.3
Before 1980	1,530	725	805	7.3	7.0	7.5
1980 to 1990	305	130	175	1.4	1.3	1.6
1991 to 2000	215	80	135	1.0	0.8	1.3
2001 to 2010	250	75	175	1.2	0.7	1.6
2011 to 2021⁸²	440	200	235	2.1	1.9	2.2
2011 to 2015	170	85	85	0.8	0.8	0.8
2016 to 2021	265	120	150	1.3	1.2	1.4
Non-permanent residents⁸³	105	50	60	0.5	0.5	0.6
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	2,745	1,215	1,530	100.0	100.0	100.0
Under 5 years	300	150	145	10.9	12.3	9.5
5 to 14 years	500	225	270	18.2	18.5	17.6
15 to 24 years	725	265	460	26.4	21.8	30.1
25 to 44 years	985	465	515	35.9	38.3	33.7
45 years and over	230	95	140	8.4	7.8	9.2
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	2,745	1,215	1,530	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	555	235	320	20.2	19.3	20.9
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	15	10	10	0.5	0.8	0.7
El Salvador	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyana	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	10	0	10	0.4	0.0	0.7
Mexico	30	10	25	1.1	0.8	1.6
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	445	180	260	16.2	14.8	17.0
Other places of birth in Americas	50	35	10	1.8	2.9	0.7
Europe	1,600	735	860	58.3	60.5	56.2
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	45	15	30	1.6	1.2	2.0
Germany	165	75	95	6.0	6.2	6.2
Greece	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	35	10	25	1.3	0.8	1.6
Italy	160	75	85	5.8	6.2	5.6
Netherlands	135	55	80	4.9	4.5	5.2
Poland	35	20	20	1.3	1.6	1.3
Portugal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	10	0	10	0.4	0.0	0.7
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	15	0	15	0.5	0.0	1.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	795	385	410	29.0	31.7	26.8
Other places of birth in Europe	175	85	90	6.4	7.0	5.9
Africa	100	50	50	3.6	4.1	3.3
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	10	10	0	0.4	0.8	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	40	20	20	1.5	1.6	1.3
Other places of birth in Africa	40	20	20	1.5	1.6	1.3
Asia	420	160	260	15.3	13.2	17.0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	80	40	40	2.9	3.3	2.6
Hong Kong⁹¹	15	0	10	0.5	0.0	0.7
Korea, South⁹²	60	15	40	2.2	1.2	2.6
Taiwan	10	0	10	0.4	0.0	0.7
Philippines	100	40	65	3.6	3.3	4.2
Viet Nam	20	0	10	0.7	0.0	0.7
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	50	20	25	1.8	1.6	1.6
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	75	30	50	2.7	2.5	3.3
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	65	25	45	2.4	2.1	2.9
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	270	115	150	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	70	25	45	25.9	21.7	30.0
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	15	10	10	5.6	8.7	6.7
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	45	15	30	16.7	13.0	20.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Europe	45	15	30	16.7	13.0	20.0
France	10	0	10	3.7	0.0	6.7
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	10	10	0	3.7	8.7	0.0
Other places of birth in Europe	15	0	15	5.6	0.0	10.0
Africa	25	10	15	9.3	8.7	10.0
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	15	0	10	5.6	0.0	6.7
Asia	125	65	60	46.3	56.5	40.0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	55	35	15	20.4	30.4	10.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	50	25	25	18.5	21.7	16.7
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	21,060	10,400	10,660	100.0	100.0	100.0
First generation¹⁰⁰	3,085	1,395	1,695	14.6	13.4	15.9
Second generation¹⁰¹	4,350	2,190	2,165	20.7	21.1	20.3
Third generation or more¹⁰²	13,625	6,820	6,810	64.7	65.6	63.9
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	1,210	490	720	100.0	100.0	100.0
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	655	285	370	54.1	58.2	51.4
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	280	145	135	23.1	29.6	18.8
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	375	135	240	31.0	27.6	33.3
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	490	175	315	40.5	35.7	43.8
Refugees¹⁰⁸	65	35	25	5.4	7.1	3.5
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	1,210	490	720	100.0	100.0	100.0
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	10	0	0	0.8	0.0	0.0
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	295	130	165	24.4	26.5	22.9
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	70	35	40	5.8	7.1	5.6
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	65	15	45	5.4	3.1	6.3
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	15	0	10	1.2	0.0	1.4
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	765	300	455	63.2	61.2	63.2
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	21,060	10,400	10,660	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	1,055	460	595	5.0	4.4	5.6
South Asian	155	75	85	0.7	0.7	0.8
Chinese	250	115	135	1.2	1.1	1.3
Black	80	40	45	0.4	0.4	0.4
Filipino	155	70	90	0.7	0.7	0.8
Arab	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Latin American	105	40	65	0.5	0.4	0.6
Southeast Asian	50	15	35	0.2	0.1	0.3
West Asian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	80	30	50	0.4	0.3	0.5
Japanese	95	35	60	0.5	0.3	0.6
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Multiple visible minorities	35	15	20	0.2	0.1	0.2
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	20,005	9,940	10,065	95.0	95.6	94.4
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	21,065	10,400	10,660	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian	2,485	1,390	1,095	11.8	13.4	10.3
English	6,765	3,290	3,480	32.1	31.6	32.6
Irish	4,020	1,890	2,135	19.1	18.2	20.0
Scottish	5,395	2,575	2,825	25.6	24.8	26.5
French, n.o.s.¹²²	2,335	1,095	1,240	11.1	10.5	11.6
German	2,790	1,300	1,495	13.2	12.5	14.0
Chinese	285	145	140	1.4	1.4	1.3
Italian	1,245	710	535	5.9	6.8	5.0
Indian (India)	55	30	30	0.3	0.3	0.3
Ukrainian	1,010	460	550	4.8	4.4	5.2
Dutch	1,045	505	545	5.0	4.9	5.1
Polish	660	320	345	3.1	3.1	3.2
Québécois	60	20	35	0.3	0.2	0.3
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	1,245	680	565	5.9	6.5	5.3
Filipino	140	60	75	0.7	0.6	0.7
French Canadian	270	120	150	1.3	1.2	1.4
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	460	215	245	2.2	2.1	2.3
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	875	435	435	4.2	4.2	4.1
Métis	455	210	245	2.2	2.0	2.3
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	450	210	235	2.1	2.0	2.2
Russian	425	220	215	2.0	2.1	2.0
Norwegian	800	380	420	3.8	3.7	3.9
Welsh	820	380	440	3.9	3.7	4.1
Portuguese	55	25	30	0.3	0.2	0.3
American	345	190	160	1.6	1.8	1.5
Spanish	110	65	50	0.5	0.6	0.5
Swedish	900	375	525	4.3	3.6	4.9
Hungarian	230	100	140	1.1	1.0	1.3
Acadian	55	25	25	0.3	0.2	0.2
Pakistani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Jewish	120	50	65	0.6	0.5	0.6
Punjabi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	60	20	40	0.3	0.2	0.4
Jamaican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	20	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.2
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	90	65	30	0.4	0.6	0.3
Korean	95	30	65	0.5	0.3	0.6
Romanian	115	30	80	0.5	0.3	0.8
Lebanese	20	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Iranian	0	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Danish	365	200	165	1.7	1.9	1.5
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	110	45	65	0.5	0.4	0.6
Sikh	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Austrian	165	90	75	0.8	0.9	0.7
Belgian	80	30	50	0.4	0.3	0.5
Haitian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindu	35	15	20	0.2	0.1	0.2
Mexican	60	25	35	0.3	0.2	0.3
Mennonite	65	20	50	0.3	0.2	0.5
Swiss	120	60	65	0.6	0.6	0.6
Finnish	220	110	120	1.0	1.1	1.1
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	50	20	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
Japanese	95	35	60	0.5	0.3	0.6
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	20	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	50	30	20	0.2	0.3	0.2
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	295	130	165	1.4	1.3	1.5
Muslim	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egyptian	30	20	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	60	25	30	0.3	0.2	0.3
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	160	95	65	0.8	0.9	0.6
Colombian	35	10	20	0.2	0.1	0.2
Moroccan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	90	55	35	0.4	0.5	0.3
Syrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afghan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway	20	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Newfoundlander	50	35	20	0.2	0.3	0.2
Hong Konger	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ontarian	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Persian	20	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	35	15	25	0.2	0.1	0.2
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazilian	30	20	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Nigerian	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Armenian	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Slovak	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	75	30	45	0.4	0.3	0.4
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquin	30	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Lithuanian	55	35	20	0.3	0.3	0.2
South African	40	10	25	0.2	0.1	0.2
Australian	85	35	50	0.4	0.3	0.5
Palestinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chilean	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Congolese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nova Scotian	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peruvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	125	55	65	0.6	0.5	0.6
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	50	15	30	0.2	0.1	0.3
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Canadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israeli	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	15	20	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albertan	30	0	25	0.1	0.0	0.2
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African American	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	35	20	15	0.2	0.2	0.1
Tunisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	50	25	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Cuban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Laotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Irish	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	25	20	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
British Columbian	145	85	65	0.7	0.8	0.6
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Franco Ontarian	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Argentinian	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Estonian	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jatt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	35	10	20	0.2	0.1	0.2
Dominican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Abenaki	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
New Zealander	45	30	15	0.2	0.3	0.1
Sudanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Breton	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania Dutch	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saskatchewanian	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gaspesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norman	15	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Manitoban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Honduran	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cherokee	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Flemish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Empire Loyalist	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Senegalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Goan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamileke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Libyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Basque	15	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igorot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guinean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maliseet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Beninese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Roma	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tajik	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amhara	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	21,060	10,400	10,665	100.0	100.0	100.0
Buddhist	105	40	55	0.5	0.4	0.5
Christian	7,205	3,235	3,970	34.2	31.1	37.2
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	1,515	710	805	7.2	6.8	7.5
Anabaptist	20	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Anglican	775	365	410	3.7	3.5	3.8
Baptist	310	130	180	1.5	1.3	1.7
Catholic	2,485	1,180	1,305	11.8	11.3	12.2
Christian Orthodox	50	20	30	0.2	0.2	0.3
Jehovah's Witness	270	115	160	1.3	1.1	1.5
Latter Day Saints	60	15	45	0.3	0.1	0.4
Lutheran	225	70	150	1.1	0.7	1.4
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	25	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.2
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	205	95	110	1.0	0.9	1.0
Presbyterian	60	35	30	0.3	0.3	0.3
Reformed	30	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.2
United Church	770	300	470	3.7	2.9	4.4
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	405	175	230	1.9	1.7	2.2
Hindu	75	40	30	0.4	0.4	0.3
Jewish	45	20	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Muslim	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Sikh	35	10	25	0.2	0.1	0.2
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	60	30	35	0.3	0.3	0.3
Other religions and spiritual traditions	240	95	140	1.1	0.9	1.3
No religion and secular perspectives	13,280	6,915	6,365	63.1	66.5	59.7
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	20,945	10,330	10,610	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	18,475	9,215	9,260	88.2	89.2	87.3
Movers	2,470	1,115	1,350	11.8	10.8	12.7
Non-migrants	1,245	560	685	5.9	5.4	6.5
Migrants	1,225	560	665	5.8	5.4	6.3
Internal migrants	1,110	495	620	5.3	4.8	5.8
Intraprovincial migrants	920	380	540	4.4	3.7	5.1
Interprovincial migrants	190	115	75	0.9	1.1	0.7
External migrants	110	65	50	0.5	0.6	0.5
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	20,310	10,015	10,290	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	12,280	6,150	6,125	60.5	61.4	59.5
Movers	8,030	3,870	4,160	39.5	38.6	40.4
Non-migrants	2,600	1,175	1,425	12.8	11.7	13.8
Migrants	5,430	2,690	2,740	26.7	26.9	26.6
Internal migrants	5,160	2,590	2,575	25.4	25.9	25.0
Intraprovincial migrants	4,510	2,230	2,275	22.2	22.3	22.1
Interprovincial migrants	650	355	295	3.2	3.5	2.9
External migrants	270	105	165	1.3	1.0	1.6
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	18,450	9,025	9,425	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	3,625	2,115	1,510	19.6	23.4	16.0
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	14,820	6,905	7,915	80.3	76.5	84.0
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	10,340	4,980	5,360	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	1,480	895	580	14.3	18.0	10.8
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	8,860	4,085	4,775	85.7	82.0	89.1
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	18,450	9,025	9,425	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	3,020	1,700	1,325	16.4	18.8	14.1
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	5,740	2,605	3,130	31.1	28.9	33.2
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	9,690	4,720	4,970	52.5	52.3	52.7
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	6,725	3,465	3,260	36.4	38.4	34.6
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	2,455	1,845	620	13.3	20.4	6.6
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	990	555	430	5.4	6.1	4.6
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	1,470	1,285	185	8.0	14.2	2.0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	3,605	1,420	2,185	19.5	15.7	23.2
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	660	200	460	3.6	2.2	4.9
Bachelor's degree or higher	2,965	1,255	1,710	16.1	13.9	18.1
Bachelor's degree	1,790	705	1,080	9.7	7.8	11.5
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	265	110	160	1.4	1.2	1.7
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	85	55	35	0.5	0.6	0.4
Master's degree	645	305	340	3.5	3.4	3.6
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	180	85	95	1.0	0.9	1.0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	10,335	4,985	5,355	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	1,145	670	470	11.1	13.4	8.8
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	3,120	1,490	1,630	30.2	29.9	30.4
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	6,075	2,815	3,260	58.8	56.5	60.9
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	4,270	2,120	2,150	41.3	42.5	40.1
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	1,525	1,115	405	14.8	22.4	7.6
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	630	340	290	6.1	6.8	5.4
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	895	780	120	8.7	15.6	2.2
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	2,325	880	1,445	22.5	17.7	27.0
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	420	120	300	4.1	2.4	5.6
Bachelor's degree or higher	1,800	700	1,105	17.4	14.0	20.6
Bachelor's degree	1,130	420	710	10.9	8.4	13.3
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	130	55	75	1.3	1.1	1.4
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	65	35	25	0.6	0.7	0.5
Master's degree	380	150	230	3.7	3.0	4.3
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	105	40	65	1.0	0.8	1.2
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	18,450	9,025	9,420	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	8,760	4,305	4,455	47.5	47.7	47.3
Education	810	210	595	4.4	2.3	6.3
13. Education	810	210	595	4.4	2.3	6.3
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	440	200	245	2.4	2.2	2.6
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	40	20	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
50. Visual and performing arts	400	175	225	2.2	1.9	2.4
Humanities	445	155	290	2.4	1.7	3.1
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	50	15	35	0.3	0.2	0.4
23. English language and literature/letters	145	35	110	0.8	0.4	1.2
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	110	50	65	0.6	0.6	0.7
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	30	15	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
39. Theology and religious vocations	60	35	25	0.3	0.4	0.3
54. History	30	15	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	20	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.2
Social and behavioural sciences and law	885	315	575	4.8	3.5	6.1
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	40	25	15	0.2	0.3	0.2
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	45	20	25	0.2	0.2	0.3
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	175	0	165	0.9	0.0	1.8
22. Legal professions and studies	150	50	100	0.8	0.6	1.1
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	30	10	15	0.2	0.1	0.2
42. Psychology	200	70	130	1.1	0.8	1.4
45. Social sciences	250	130	115	1.4	1.4	1.2
Business, management and public administration	1,215	335	880	6.6	3.7	9.3
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	125	20	105	0.7	0.2	1.1
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	1,095	315	775	5.9	3.5	8.2
Physical and life sciences and technologies	275	145	130	1.5	1.6	1.4
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	150	80	70	0.8	0.9	0.7
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	45	20	25	0.2	0.2	0.3
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
40. Physical sciences	60	40	25	0.3	0.4	0.3
41. Science technologies/technicians	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	210	125	85	1.1	1.4	0.9
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	145	90	55	0.8	1.0	0.6
25. Library science	30	0	25	0.2	0.0	0.3
27. Mathematics and statistics	35	25	10	0.2	0.3	0.1
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	2,440	2,275	170	13.2	25.2	1.8
04. Architecture and related services	35	25	15	0.2	0.3	0.2
14. Engineering	190	175	20	1.0	1.9	0.2
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	390	350	45	2.1	3.9	0.5
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	760	735	30	4.1	8.1	0.3
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	680	645	35	3.7	7.1	0.4
48. Precision production	385	355	30	2.1	3.9	0.3
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	335	225	115	1.8	2.5	1.2
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	175	95	75	0.9	1.1	0.8
03. Natural resources and conservation	160	125	40	0.9	1.4	0.4
Health and related fields	1,705	260	1,440	9.2	2.9	15.3
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	80	40	35	0.4	0.4	0.4
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	1,610	215	1,395	8.7	2.4	14.8
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Personal, protective and transportation services	925	475	455	5.0	5.3	4.8
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	570	170	400	3.1	1.9	4.2
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
43. Security and protective services	90	80	15	0.5	0.9	0.2
49. Transportation and materials moving	255	215	40	1.4	2.4	0.4
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	10,340	4,985	5,360	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	4,265	2,165	2,100	41.2	43.4	39.2
Education	355	75	275	3.4	1.5	5.1
13. Education	355	75	275	3.4	1.5	5.1
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	255	115	135	2.5	2.3	2.5
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	25	20	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
50. Visual and performing arts	220	95	130	2.1	1.9	2.4
Humanities	280	90	190	2.7	1.8	3.5
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	30	10	25	0.3	0.2	0.5
23. English language and literature/letters	100	20	75	1.0	0.4	1.4
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	80	30	50	0.8	0.6	0.9
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	20	10	0	0.2	0.2	0.0
39. Theology and religious vocations	35	25	10	0.3	0.5	0.2
54. History	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Social and behavioural sciences and law	550	165	380	5.3	3.3	7.1
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	15	10	10	0.1	0.2	0.2
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	35	20	20	0.3	0.4	0.4
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	120	0	120	1.2	0.0	2.2
22. Legal professions and studies	105	25	85	1.0	0.5	1.6
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
42. Psychology	105	25	80	1.0	0.5	1.5
45. Social sciences	150	85	70	1.5	1.7	1.3
Business, management and public administration	775	220	555	7.5	4.4	10.4
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	85	10	70	0.8	0.2	1.3
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	695	210	480	6.7	4.2	9.0
Physical and life sciences and technologies	160	75	85	1.5	1.5	1.6
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	85	45	40	0.8	0.9	0.7
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	35	10	15	0.3	0.2	0.3
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
40. Physical sciences	30	10	20	0.3	0.2	0.4
41. Science technologies/technicians	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	110	65	50	1.1	1.3	0.9
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	100	60	40	1.0	1.2	0.7
25. Library science	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
27. Mathematics and statistics	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	1,460	1,335	125	14.1	26.8	2.3
04. Architecture and related services	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
14. Engineering	110	95	15	1.1	1.9	0.3
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	225	200	30	2.2	4.0	0.6
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	465	445	25	4.5	8.9	0.5
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	420	395	25	4.1	7.9	0.5
48. Precision production	215	190	25	2.1	3.8	0.5
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	225	155	80	2.2	3.1	1.5
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	120	70	45	1.2	1.4	0.8
03. Natural resources and conservation	110	80	30	1.1	1.6	0.6
Health and related fields	1,205	190	1,015	11.7	3.8	18.9
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	50	20	30	0.5	0.4	0.6
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	1,140	160	980	11.0	3.2	18.3
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Personal, protective and transportation services	700	335	365	6.8	6.7	6.8
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	440	120	320	4.3	2.4	6.0
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	80	65	10	0.8	1.3	0.2
49. Transportation and materials moving	190	150	35	1.8	3.0	0.7
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	10,340	4,985	5,360	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	4,265	2,165	2,100	41.2	43.4	39.2
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	6,075	2,815	3,255	58.8	56.5	60.7
Location of study inside Canada	5,435	2,545	2,890	52.6	51.1	53.9
Same as province or territory of residence	4,515	2,110	2,410	43.7	42.3	45.0
Different than province or territory of residence	920	435	485	8.9	8.7	9.0
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	640	270	365	6.2	5.4	6.8
Americas	255	115	140	2.5	2.3	2.6
United States of America	215	105	110	2.1	2.1	2.1
Mexico	25	10	15	0.2	0.2	0.3
Cuba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Americas	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Europe	190	80	115	1.8	1.6	2.1
Belgium	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Germany	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Netherlands	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Switzerland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Ukraine	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	110	45	65	1.1	0.9	1.2
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Europe	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Africa	40	20	20	0.4	0.4	0.4
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	15	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	20	10	15	0.2	0.2	0.3
Other locations of study in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asia	130	40	90	1.3	0.8	1.7
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	25	15	10	0.2	0.3	0.2
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.3
Philippines	40	10	25	0.4	0.2	0.5
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	15	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Asia	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Oceania	20	15	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
Australia	15	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
New Zealand	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	18,450	9,025	9,425	...	...	...
In the labour force	9,280	4,650	4,625	...	...	...
Employed	8,415	4,210	4,195	...	...	...
Unemployed	865	435	430	...	...	...
Not in the labour force	9,175	4,375	4,800	...	...	...
Participation rate	50.3	51.5	49.1	50.3	51.5	49.1
Employment rate	45.6	46.6	44.5	45.6	46.6	44.5
Unemployment rate	9.3	9.4	9.3	9.3	9.4	9.3
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	18,450	9,025	9,420	100.0	100.0	100.0
Did not work¹⁸⁶	9,065	4,290	4,780	49.1	47.5	50.7
Worked	9,380	4,740	4,645	50.8	52.5	49.3
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	3,945	2,095	1,850	21.4	23.2	19.6
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	5,440	2,645	2,795	29.5	29.3	29.7
Average weeks worked in reference year	39.0	38.2	39.8	39.0	38.2	39.8
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	9,275	4,655	4,625	100.0	100.0	100.0
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	195	100	95	2.1	2.1	2.1
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	9,080	4,550	4,530	97.9	97.7	97.9
Employee	7,010	3,285	3,730	75.6	70.6	80.6
Permanent position	5,770	2,800	2,970	62.2	60.2	64.2
Temporary position	1,240	480	760	13.4	10.3	16.4
Fixed term (1 year or more)	280	115	165	3.0	2.5	3.6
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	960	365	595	10.4	7.8	12.9
Self-employed¹⁹²	2,075	1,270	805	22.4	27.3	17.4
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	9,275	4,655	4,625	100.0	100.0	100.0
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	195	100	95	2.1	2.1	2.1
All occupations¹⁹¹	9,080	4,550	4,530	97.9	97.7	97.9
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	80	40	35	0.9	0.9	0.8
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	1,115	175	935	12.0	3.8	20.2
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	325	285	40	3.5	6.1	0.9
3 Health occupations	925	195	730	10.0	4.2	15.8
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	1,175	320	850	12.7	6.9	18.4
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	380	160	220	4.1	3.4	4.8
6 Sales and service occupations	2,210	895	1,310	23.8	19.2	28.3
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	2,025	1,815	215	21.8	39.0	4.6
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	480	350	130	5.2	7.5	2.8
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	370	310	65	4.0	6.7	1.4
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	9,275	4,655	4,625	100.0	100.0	100.0
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	195	100	95	2.1	2.1	2.1
All industries¹⁹¹	9,080	4,550	4,530	97.9	97.7	97.9
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	500	380	120	5.4	8.2	2.6
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	120	95	25	1.3	2.0	0.5
22 Utilities	70	50	15	0.8	1.1	0.3
23 Construction	965	865	100	10.4	18.6	2.2
31-33 Manufacturing	525	415	110	5.7	8.9	2.4
41 Wholesale trade	130	95	40	1.4	2.0	0.9
44-45 Retail trade	1,185	550	630	12.8	11.8	13.6
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	490	315	170	5.3	6.8	3.7
51 Information and cultural industries	100	50	50	1.1	1.1	1.1
52 Finance and insurance	185	30	160	2.0	0.6	3.5
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	145	60	85	1.6	1.3	1.8
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	485	245	240	5.2	5.3	5.2
55 Management of companies and enterprises	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	365	235	125	3.9	5.0	2.7
61 Educational services	550	165	380	5.9	3.5	8.2
62 Health care and social assistance	1,590	290	1,300	17.1	6.2	28.1
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	260	100	160	2.8	2.1	3.5
72 Accommodation and food services	615	220	395	6.6	4.7	8.5
81 Other services (except public administration)	410	210	200	4.4	4.5	4.3
91 Public administration	380	175	210	4.1	3.8	4.5
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	10,355	5,195	5,160	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	10,095	5,095	5,000	97.5	98.1	96.9
French	30	10	25	0.3	0.2	0.5
Non-official language	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
English and French	95	50	50	0.9	1.0	1.0
English and non-official language(s)	115	35	75	1.1	0.7	1.5
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	10,355	5,195	5,160	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	10,325	5,185	5,140	99.7	99.8	99.6
Official languages	10,300	5,170	5,125	99.5	99.5	99.3
English	10,250	5,155	5,100	99.0	99.2	98.8
French	55	20	30	0.5	0.4	0.6
Non-official languages	25	10	15	0.2	0.2	0.3
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	25	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	15	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	30	15	15	0.3	0.3	0.3
English and French	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	20	10	0	0.2	0.2	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	10,355	5,195	5,160	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	10,170	5,125	5,050	98.2	98.7	97.9
English	30	10	15	0.3	0.2	0.3
French	65	35	30	0.6	0.7	0.6
Non-official language	85	15	65	0.8	0.3	1.3
Indigenous³⁹	25	0	20	0.2	0.0	0.4
Non-Indigenous	60	10	45	0.6	0.2	0.9
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	8,410	4,215	4,195	100.0	100.0	100.0
Worked at home	1,295	585	720	15.4	13.9	17.2
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
No fixed workplace address	1,640	1,235	410	19.5	29.3	9.8
Usual place of work	5,470	2,405	3,065	65.0	57.1	73.1
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	5,470	2,400	3,065	100.0	100.0	100.0
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	3,895	1,670	2,230	71.2	69.6	72.8
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	1,210	515	705	22.1	21.5	23.0
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	340	210	135	6.2	8.8	4.4
Commute to a different province or territory	15	15	0	0.3	0.6	0.0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	7,105	3,635	3,475	100.0	100.0	100.0
Car, truck or van	6,225	3,210	3,015	87.6	88.3	86.8
Car, truck or van - as a driver	5,745	2,965	2,775	80.9	81.6	79.9
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	480	240	240	6.8	6.6	6.9
Public transit	115	65	55	1.6	1.8	1.6
Walked	465	185	280	6.5	5.1	8.1
Bicycle	125	60	65	1.8	1.7	1.9
Other method	175	115	55	2.5	3.2	1.6
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	7,105	3,635	3,475	100.0	100.0	100.0
Less than 15 minutes	4,390	2,035	2,360	61.8	56.0	67.9
15 to 29 minutes	1,775	955	820	25.0	26.3	23.6
30 to 44 minutes	550	325	225	7.7	8.9	6.5
45 to 59 minutes	120	100	25	1.7	2.8	0.7
60 minutes and over	270	220	50	3.8	6.1	1.4
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	7,105	3,635	3,475	100.0	100.0	100.0
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	485	345	140	6.8	9.5	4.0
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	1,075	645	430	15.1	17.7	12.4
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	1,520	840	680	21.4	23.1	19.6
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	1,985	845	1,145	27.9	23.2	32.9
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	1,105	490	620	15.6	13.5	17.8
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	935	475	460	13.2	13.1	13.2
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	3,225	1,675	1,550	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	370	195	175	11.5	11.6	11.3
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	2,855	1,475	1,380	88.5	88.1	89.0
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	2,420	1,280	1,145	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	295	160	135	12.2	12.5	11.8
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	190	100	90	7.9	7.8	7.9
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	105	60	45	4.3	4.7	3.9
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	2,125	1,120	1,010	87.8	87.5	88.2

Symbol legend

...
not applicable

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 30, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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