Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	Prince, County (CTY)More information: Prince Edward Island [Census division]
	Counts			Rates
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	46,234	...	...	...	...	...
Population, 2016¹	43,910^r	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	5.3	...	...	5.3	...	...
Total private dwellings²	22,776	...	...	...	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	19,660	...	...	...	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	23.0	...	...	23.0	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	2,006.27	...	...	...	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	46,235	22,530	23,705	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	6,905	3,530	3,375	14.9	15.7	14.2
0 to 4 years	1,985	1,035	950	4.3	4.6	4.0
5 to 9 years	2,370	1,195	1,175	5.1	5.3	5.0
10 to 14 years	2,560	1,305	1,255	5.5	5.8	5.3
15 to 64 years	28,660	14,050	14,605	62.0	62.4	61.6
15 to 19 years	2,590	1,290	1,300	5.6	5.7	5.5
20 to 24 years	2,625	1,395	1,230	5.7	6.2	5.2
25 to 29 years	2,305	1,205	1,105	5.0	5.3	4.7
30 to 34 years	2,485	1,190	1,295	5.4	5.3	5.5
35 to 39 years	2,485	1,155	1,330	5.4	5.1	5.6
40 to 44 years	2,635	1,270	1,365	5.7	5.6	5.8
45 to 49 years	2,930	1,420	1,515	6.3	6.3	6.4
50 to 54 years	3,075	1,500	1,575	6.7	6.7	6.6
55 to 59 years	3,790	1,850	1,940	8.2	8.2	8.2
60 to 64 years	3,735	1,785	1,950	8.1	7.9	8.2
65 years and over	10,670	4,945	5,725	23.1	21.9	24.2
65 to 69 years	3,345	1,605	1,735	7.2	7.1	7.3
70 to 74 years	2,975	1,440	1,535	6.4	6.4	6.5
75 to 79 years	1,900	870	1,030	4.1	3.9	4.3
80 to 84 years	1,290	575	720	2.8	2.6	3.0
85 years and over	1,160	455	710	2.5	2.0	3.0
85 to 89 years	780	305	470	1.7	1.4	2.0
90 to 94 years	290	100	185	0.6	0.4	0.8
95 to 99 years	85	40	45	0.2	0.2	0.2
100 years and over	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	14.9	15.7	14.2	14.9	15.7	14.2
15 to 64 years	62.0	62.4	61.6	62.0	62.4	61.6
65 years and over	23.1	21.9	24.2	23.1	21.9	24.2
85 years and over	2.5	2.0	3.0	2.5	2.0	3.0
Average age of the population	44.5	43.6	45.4	44.5	43.6	45.4
Median age of the population	46.8	46.0	48.0	46.8	46.0	48.0
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	19,660	...	...	100.0	...	...
Single-detached house	13,935	...	...	70.9	...	...
Semi-detached house	1,080	...	...	5.5	...	...
Row house	1,230	...	...	6.3	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	325	...	...	1.7	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	1,920	...	...	9.8	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	45	...	...	0.2	...	...
Other single-attached house	25	...	...	0.1	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	1,105	...	...	5.6	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	19,660	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 person	5,655	...	...	28.8	...	...
2 persons	7,745	...	...	39.4	...	...
3 persons	2,765	...	...	14.1	...	...
4 persons	2,180	...	...	11.1	...	...
5 or more persons	1,315	...	...	6.7	...	...
Number of persons in private households	45,450	22,190	23,260	100.0	100.0	100.0
Average household size	2.3	...	...	2.3	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	39,325	19,000	20,330	100.0	100.0	100.0
Married or living common-law	23,395	11,690	11,705	59.5	61.5	57.6
Married	19,345	9,680	9,665	49.2	50.9	47.5
Living common-law	4,045	2,005	2,040	10.3	10.6	10.0
Living common law - Never married	2,750	1,345	1,405	7.0	7.1	6.9
Living common law - Separated	280	155	120	0.7	0.8	0.6
Living common law - Divorced	885	445	435	2.3	2.3	2.1
Living common law - Widowed	135	60	80	0.3	0.3	0.4
Not married and not living common-law	15,935	7,305	8,625	40.5	38.4	42.4
Not married and not living common law - Never married	9,885	5,325	4,565	25.1	28.0	22.5
Not married and not living common law - Separated	1,155	495	665	2.9	2.6	3.3
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	2,240	940	1,295	5.7	4.9	6.4
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	2,650	550	2,100	6.7	2.9	10.3
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	13,505	...	...	100.0	...	...
2 persons	7,840	...	...	58.1	...	...
3 persons	2,625	...	...	19.4	...	...
4 persons	2,000	...	...	14.8	...	...
5 or more persons	1,045	...	...	7.7	...	...
Average size of census families	2.8	...	...	2.8	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.8	...	...	1.8	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	13,510	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total couple families	11,405	...	...	84.4	...	...
Married couples	9,380	...	...	69.4	...	...
With children⁶	3,890	...	...	28.8	...	...
Without children	5,490	...	...	40.6	...	...
Common-law couples	2,025	...	...	15.0	...	...
With children⁶	915	...	...	6.8	...	...
Without children	1,110	...	...	8.2	...	...
Total one-parent families	2,100	...	...	15.5	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	1,630	...	...	12.1	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	475	...	...	3.5	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	45,450	22,190	23,260	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total - Persons in census families	37,170	18,345	18,825	81.8	82.7	80.9
Married spouses or common-law partners	22,810	11,375	11,440	50.2	51.3	49.2
Parents in one-parent families	2,105	470	1,635	4.6	2.1	7.0
Children⁶	12,260	6,500	5,755	27.0	29.3	24.7
In a two-parent family	8,965	4,690	4,275	19.7	21.1	18.4
In a one-parent family	3,295	1,815	1,480	7.2	8.2	6.4
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	8,280	3,845	4,430	18.2	17.3	19.0
Living alone	5,655	2,460	3,195	12.4	11.1	13.7
Living with other relatives⁷	895	400	500	2.0	1.8	2.1
Living with non-relatives only	1,725	985	740	3.8	4.4	3.2
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	19,660	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	12,435	...	...	63.3	...	...
Couple-family households	10,705	...	...	54.5	...	...
With children⁶	4,510	...	...	22.9	...	...
Without children	6,195	...	...	31.5	...	...
One-parent-family households	1,725	...	...	8.8	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	295	...	...	1.5	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	75	...	...	0.4	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	460	...	...	2.3	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	740	...	...	3.8	...	...
One-person households	5,655	...	...	28.8	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	38,550	18,660	19,890	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	37,555	18,135	19,420	97.4	97.2	97.6
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	37,600	40,800	34,800	37,600	40,800	34,800
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	37,560	18,140	19,425	97.4	97.2	97.7
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	33,600	35,600	31,200	33,600	35,600	31,200
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	33,205	16,475	16,730	86.1	88.3	84.1
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	28,400	32,400	25,000	28,400	32,400	25,000
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	27,435	14,040	13,395	71.2	75.2	67.3
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	29,800	32,400	27,400	29,800	32,400	27,400
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	31,065	14,370	16,690	80.6	77.0	83.9
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	13,700	14,000	13,500	13,700	14,000	13,500
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	9,885	5,265	4,620	25.6	28.2	23.2
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	9,300	10,700	7,750	9,300	10,700	7,750
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	9,245	4,345	4,900	24.0	23.3	24.6
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,500	6,000	7,000	6,500	6,000	7,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	38,550	18,660	19,890	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	37,690	18,240	19,445	97.8	97.7	97.8
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	43,200	47,120	39,520	43,200	47,120	39,520
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	37,690	18,240	19,445	97.8	97.7	97.8
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	36,480	38,720	34,360	36,480	38,720	34,360
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	33,345	16,520	16,830	86.5	88.5	84.6
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	36,040	40,400	31,760	36,040	40,400	31,760
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	27,435	14,090	13,340	71.2	75.5	67.1
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	36,480	39,480	33,320	36,480	39,480	33,320
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	31,200	14,500	16,700	80.9	77.7	84.0
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	13,660	13,240	14,020	13,660	13,240	14,020
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	9,940	5,265	4,675	25.8	28.2	23.5
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	10,200	11,170	9,120	10,200	11,170	9,120
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	9,400	4,270	5,135	24.4	22.9	25.8
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,680	7,320	7,980	7,680	7,320	7,980
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	38,550	18,660	19,890	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	11,565	6,220	5,355	30.0	33.3	26.9
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	50,000	51,200	49,200	50,000	51,200	49,200
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	55,850	58,050	53,300	55,850	58,050	53,300
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	13,005	6,500	6,510	33.7	34.8	32.7
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	17,400	19,800	15,300	17,400	19,800	15,300
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	23,660	26,840	20,480	23,660	26,840	20,480
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	73.8	77.6	69.6	73.8	77.6	69.6
Employment income (%)¹⁹	61.5	64.8	57.9	61.5	64.8	57.9
Government transfers (%)²⁰	26.2	22.3	30.5	26.2	22.3	30.5
Employment insurance benefits (%)	6.2	6.8	5.6	6.2	6.8	5.6
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	5.4	4.4	6.6	5.4	4.4	6.6
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	4.4	3.6	5.3	4.4	3.6	5.3
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	38,550	18,660	19,890	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without total income	995	525	470	2.6	2.8	2.4
With total income	37,555	18,135	19,420	97.4	97.2	97.6
Under $10,000 (including loss)	2,650	1,125	1,525	7.1	6.2	7.9
$10,000 to $19,999	4,700	1,875	2,825	12.5	10.3	14.5
$20,000 to $29,999	6,580	2,830	3,750	17.5	15.6	19.3
$30,000 to $39,999	6,315	2,955	3,355	16.8	16.3	17.3
$40,000 to $49,999	5,735	2,915	2,820	15.3	16.1	14.5
$50,000 to $59,999	4,090	2,130	1,960	10.9	11.7	10.1
$60,000 to $69,999	2,455	1,330	1,125	6.5	7.3	5.8
$70,000 to $79,999	1,570	875	690	4.2	4.8	3.6
$80,000 to $89,999	1,080	575	505	2.9	3.2	2.6
$90,000 to $99,999	765	390	380	2.0	2.2	2.0
$100,000 and over	1,615	1,130	485	4.3	6.2	2.5
$100,000 to $149,999	1,155	775	380	3.1	4.3	2.0
$150,000 and over	465	350	110	1.2	1.9	0.6
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	38,550	18,660	19,890	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without after-tax income	990	520	465	2.6	2.8	2.3
With after-tax income	37,560	18,140	19,420	97.4	97.2	97.6
Under $10,000 (including loss)	2,795	1,175	1,620	7.4	6.5	8.3
$10,000 to $19,999	5,025	2,040	2,985	13.4	11.2	15.4
$20,000 to $29,999	8,210	3,635	4,580	21.9	20.0	23.6
$30,000 to $39,999	7,865	3,920	3,950	20.9	21.6	20.3
$40,000 to $49,999	5,915	3,070	2,850	15.7	16.9	14.7
$50,000 to $59,999	3,275	1,705	1,570	8.7	9.4	8.1
$60,000 to $69,999	1,860	990	870	5.0	5.5	4.5
$70,000 to $79,999	1,095	575	515	2.9	3.2	2.7
$80,000 to $89,999	565	335	225	1.5	1.8	1.2
$90,000 to $99,999	285	190	95	0.8	1.0	0.5
$100,000 and over	665	495	170	1.8	2.7	0.9
$100,000 to $124,999	350	255	95	0.9	1.4	0.5
$125,000 and over	310	240	75	0.8	1.3	0.4
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	38,550	18,660	19,890	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without employment income	11,115	4,625	6,495	28.8	24.8	32.7
With employment income	27,435	14,035	13,395	71.2	75.2	67.3
Under $5,000 (including loss)	3,535	1,690	1,840	12.9	12.0	13.7
$5,000 to $9,999	2,430	1,020	1,410	8.9	7.3	10.5
$10,000 to $19,999	4,330	2,125	2,205	15.8	15.1	16.5
$20,000 to $29,999	3,455	1,765	1,690	12.6	12.6	12.6
$30,000 to $39,999	3,310	1,615	1,690	12.1	11.5	12.6
$40,000 to $49,999	3,065	1,640	1,430	11.2	11.7	10.7
$50,000 to $59,999	2,335	1,290	1,050	8.5	9.2	7.8
$60,000 to $69,999	1,545	870	680	5.6	6.2	5.1
$70,000 to $79,999	1,040	595	440	3.8	4.2	3.3
$80,000 to $89,999	755	365	390	2.8	2.6	2.9
$90,000 to $99,999	550	275	275	2.0	2.0	2.1
$100,000 and over	1,075	785	290	3.9	5.6	2.2
$100,000 to $124,999	570	380	195	2.1	2.7	1.5
$125,000 and over	510	405	100	1.9	2.9	0.7
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	38,550	18,660	19,890	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	37,015	17,885	19,130	96.0	95.8	96.2
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	35,200	39,200	31,400	35,200	39,200	31,400
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	37,045	17,890	19,160	96.1	95.9	96.3
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	31,400	34,000	28,600	31,400	34,000	28,600
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	33,175	16,405	16,765	86.1	87.9	84.3
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	28,400	32,000	24,800	28,400	32,000	24,800
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	27,890	14,150	13,740	72.3	75.8	69.1
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	29,400	32,800	26,600	29,400	32,800	26,600
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	28,365	12,855	15,515	73.6	68.9	78.0
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	11,500	12,300	11,000	11,500	12,300	11,000
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	9,705	5,130	4,575	25.2	27.5	23.0
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	9,500	10,800	8,200	9,500	10,800	8,200
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	38,550	18,660	19,890	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	37,065	17,915	19,140	96.1	96.0	96.2
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	41,200	45,880	36,880	41,200	45,880	36,880
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	37,095	17,915	19,170	96.2	96.0	96.4
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	34,800	37,880	31,920	34,800	37,880	31,920
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	33,345	16,500	16,845	86.5	88.4	84.7
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	36,080	40,800	31,480	36,080	40,800	31,480
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	28,025	14,215	13,810	72.7	76.2	69.4
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	36,760	40,840	32,520	36,760	40,840	32,520
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	28,340	12,885	15,455	73.5	69.1	77.7
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	11,440	11,540	11,360	11,440	11,540	11,360
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	9,690	5,170	4,515	25.1	27.7	22.7
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	10,210	11,110	9,170	10,210	11,110	9,170
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	38,550	18,660	19,890	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	11,490	6,150	5,345	29.8	33.0	26.9
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	47,600	49,600	46,000	47,600	49,600	46,000
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	53,200	56,150	49,880	53,200	56,150	49,880
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	12,450	6,260	6,190	32.3	33.5	31.1
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	19,800	22,000	17,800	19,800	22,000	17,800
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	27,600	31,280	23,900	27,600	31,280	23,900
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	78.8	82.0	75.2	78.8	82.0	75.2
Employment income (%)	67.4	70.6	63.6	67.4	70.6	63.6
Government transfers (%)	21.2	18.1	24.9	21.2	18.1	24.9
Employment insurance benefits (%)	6.5	7.0	5.9	6.5	7.0	5.9
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	19,660	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	69,500	...	...	69,500	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	61,200	...	...	61,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	5,655	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	34,000	...	...	34,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	30,600	...	...	30,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	14,005	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	88,000	...	...	88,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	76,000	...	...	76,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	19,660	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	82,800	...	...	82,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	69,900	...	...	69,900	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	5,640	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	39,080	...	...	39,080	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	33,880	...	...	33,880	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	14,025	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	100,400	...	...	100,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	84,400	...	...	84,400	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	19,660	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	125	...	...	0.6	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	95	...	...	0.5	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	275	...	...	1.4	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	340	...	...	1.7	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	1,225	...	...	6.2	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	800	...	...	4.1	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	955	...	...	4.9	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	970	...	...	4.9	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	970	...	...	4.9	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	855	...	...	4.3	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	1,765	...	...	9.0	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	1,555	...	...	7.9	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	1,455	...	...	7.4	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	1,320	...	...	6.7	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	1,190	...	...	6.1	...	...
$100,000 and over	5,780	...	...	29.4	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	2,220	...	...	11.3	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,395	...	...	7.1	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	1,360	...	...	6.9	...	...
$200,000 and over	805	...	...	4.1	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	19,660	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	150	...	...	0.8	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	95	...	...	0.5	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	275	...	...	1.4	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	370	...	...	1.9	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	1,355	...	...	6.9	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	955	...	...	4.9	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	1,135	...	...	5.8	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	1,155	...	...	5.9	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	1,125	...	...	5.7	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	1,050	...	...	5.3	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	1,940	...	...	9.9	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	1,855	...	...	9.4	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	1,625	...	...	8.3	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	1,450	...	...	7.4	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	1,125	...	...	5.7	...	...
$100,000 and over	3,990	...	...	20.3	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,925	...	...	9.8	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,010	...	...	5.1	...	...
$150,000 and over	1,055	...	...	5.4	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	13,475	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	88,000	...	...	88,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	76,000	...	...	76,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.8	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	6,265	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	77,500	...	...	77,500	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	67,000	...	...	67,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	4,865	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	118,000	...	...	118,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	100,000	...	...	100,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	4.0	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	1,965	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	59,600	...	...	59,600	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	54,800	...	...	54,800	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	7,380	3,450	3,935	...	...	...
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	33,200	36,400	30,800	33,200	36,400	30,800
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	30,200	32,000	28,600	30,200	32,000	28,600
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	13,460	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	100,200	...	...	100,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	84,100	...	...	84,100	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	6,205	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	87,500	...	...	87,500	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	73,200	...	...	73,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	4,875	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	129,400	...	...	129,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	107,300	...	...	107,300	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,950	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	68,800	...	...	68,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	60,900	...	...	60,900	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	7,345	3,425	3,920	...	...	...
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	38,040	40,000	36,320	38,040	40,000	36,320
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	33,040	34,240	32,000	33,040	34,240	32,000
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	45,450	22,190	23,260	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	8,520	4,355	4,165	18.7	19.6	17.9
0 to 5 years	2,415	1,250	1,165	5.3	5.6	5.0
18 to 64 years	26,785	13,075	13,710	58.9	58.9	58.9
65 years and over	10,145	4,760	5,385	22.3	21.5	23.2
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	6,465	2,830	3,635	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	1,305	665	640	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	405	220	185	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	2,705	1,195	1,510	...	...	...
65 years and over	2,455	975	1,485	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	14.2	12.8	15.6	14.2	12.8	15.6
0 to 17 years (%)	15.3	15.2	15.4	15.3	15.2	15.4
0 to 5 years (%)	16.9	17.6	16.2	16.9	17.6	16.2
18 to 64 years (%)	10.1	9.1	11.0	10.1	9.1	11.0
65 years and over (%)	24.2	20.4	27.6	24.2	20.4	27.6
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	45,140	22,030	23,110	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	8,415	4,305	4,110	18.6	19.5	17.8
0 to 5 years	2,390	1,235	1,160	5.3	5.6	5.0
18 to 64 years	26,600	12,975	13,620	58.9	58.9	58.9
65 years and over	10,125	4,745	5,380	22.4	21.5	23.3
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	1,250	595	650	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	190	95	100	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	45	20	25	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	945	460	480	...	...	...
65 years and over	115	45	70	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	2.8	2.7	2.8	2.8	2.7	2.8
0 to 17 years (%)	2.2	2.1	2.4	2.2	2.1	2.4
0 to 5 years (%)	1.8	1.6	2.0	1.8	1.6	2.0
18 to 64 years (%)	3.6	3.6	3.5	3.6	3.6	3.5
65 years and over (%)	1.1	0.9	1.3	1.1	0.9	1.3
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	45,450	22,190	23,260	100.0	100.0	100.0
In bottom half of the distribution	28,830	13,790	15,040	63.4	62.1	64.7
In bottom decile	5,385	2,410	2,975	11.8	10.9	12.8
In second decile	6,330	2,915	3,420	13.9	13.1	14.7
In third decile	6,160	3,015	3,145	13.6	13.6	13.5
In fourth decile	5,660	2,840	2,815	12.5	12.8	12.1
In fifth decile	5,295	2,610	2,680	11.7	11.8	11.5
In top half of the distribution	16,620	8,400	8,220	36.6	37.9	35.3
In sixth decile	4,685	2,360	2,320	10.3	10.6	10.0
In seventh decile	4,290	2,120	2,170	9.4	9.6	9.3
In eighth decile	3,365	1,710	1,650	7.4	7.7	7.1
In ninth decile	2,550	1,300	1,250	5.6	5.9	5.4
In top decile	1,730	910	825	3.8	4.1	3.5
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	45,445	...	...	45,445	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.293	...	...	0.293	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.439	...	...	0.439	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.259	...	...	0.259	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.2	...	...	3.2	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	45,830	22,375	23,450	100.0	100.0	100.0
English only	39,320	19,515	19,800	85.8	87.2	84.4
French only	60	30	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
English and French	6,375	2,780	3,595	13.9	12.4	15.3
Neither English nor French	75	50	25	0.2	0.2	0.1
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	45,830	22,375	23,450	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	43,190	21,135	22,055	94.2	94.5	94.1
French	2,490	1,175	1,320	5.4	5.3	5.6
English and French	80	20	60	0.2	0.1	0.3
Neither English nor French	65	45	20	0.1	0.2	0.1
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	45,830	22,375	23,450	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	45,080	22,020	23,060	98.4	98.4	98.3
Official languages	42,950	20,925	22,025	93.7	93.5	93.9
English	40,275	19,680	20,595	87.9	88.0	87.8
French	2,670	1,250	1,425	5.8	5.6	6.1
Non-official languages	2,130	1,095	1,040	4.6	4.9	4.4
Indigenous languages³⁹	25	10	10	0.1	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	25	10	10	0.1	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	2,105	1,080	1,025	4.6	4.8	4.4
Afro-Asiatic languages	45	25	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	45	25	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	35	20	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	75	40	30	0.2	0.2	0.1
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	75	40	30	0.2	0.2	0.1
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	890	395	495	1.9	1.8	2.1
Bikol	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	20	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	815	360	450	1.8	1.6	1.9
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	45	30	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	25	20	5	0.1	0.1	0.0
Tamil	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	825	475	350	1.8	2.1	1.5
Albanian	30	20	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	60	25	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	60	25	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	15	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	140	65	70	0.3	0.3	0.3
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	60	30	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
German	50	30	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	70	30	40	0.2	0.1	0.2
Afrikaans	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	60	30	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	435	270	155	0.9	1.2	0.7
Indo-Aryan languages	420	270	155	0.9	1.2	0.7
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	25	20	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	370	240	135	0.8	1.1	0.6
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	155	80	75	0.3	0.4	0.3
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	15	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	40	20	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Romanian	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	95	55	35	0.2	0.2	0.1
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	20	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	160	75	80	0.3	0.3	0.3
Chinese languages	160	75	80	0.3	0.3	0.3
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	55	25	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	90	45	45	0.2	0.2	0.2
Chinese, n.o.s.	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	10	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	750	360	390	1.6	1.6	1.7
English and French	400	175	220	0.9	0.8	0.9
English and non-official language(s)	325	165	160	0.7	0.7	0.7
French and non-official language(s)	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	15	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	45,830	22,375	23,450	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	41,345	20,185	21,160	90.2	90.2	90.2
French	1,110	525	585	2.4	2.3	2.5
Non-official language	730	415	320	1.6	1.9	1.4
Indigenous³⁹	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	725	415	315	1.6	1.9	1.3
English and French	1,035	465	570	2.3	2.1	2.4
English and non-official language(s)	1,505	740	765	3.3	3.3	3.3
French and non-official language(s)	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	40	20	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Multiple non-official languages	50	25	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	45,830	22,375	23,450	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	45,325	22,150	23,170	98.9	99.0	98.8
Official languages	43,870	21,385	22,485	95.7	95.6	95.9
English	42,505	20,745	21,765	92.7	92.7	92.8
French	1,365	645	725	3.0	2.9	3.1
Non-official languages	1,450	765	685	3.2	3.4	2.9
Indigenous languages³⁹	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	1,440	760	680	3.1	3.4	2.9
Afro-Asiatic languages	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	15	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	70	40	35	0.2	0.2	0.1
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	70	40	35	0.2	0.2	0.1
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	665	305	360	1.5	1.4	1.5
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	15	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	15	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	610	280	335	1.3	1.3	1.4
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	20	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	15	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	495	310	185	1.1	1.4	0.8
Albanian	15	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	15	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	15	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	35	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	25	10	10	0.1	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	15	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	335	225	115	0.7	1.0	0.5
Indo-Aryan languages	330	220	110	0.7	1.0	0.5
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	15	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	305	205	100	0.7	0.9	0.4
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	95	50	40	0.2	0.2	0.2
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	65	45	20	0.1	0.2	0.1
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	10	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	15	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	15	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	130	70	65	0.3	0.3	0.3
Chinese languages	130	70	65	0.3	0.3	0.3
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	50	25	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	80	40	40	0.2	0.2	0.2
Chinese, n.o.s.	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	505	230	275	1.1	1.0	1.2
English and French	180	65	115	0.4	0.3	0.5
English and non-official language(s)	315	155	155	0.7	0.7	0.7
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	45,830	22,375	23,450	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	43,655	21,335	22,320	95.3	95.4	95.2
English	845	405	445	1.8	1.8	1.9
French	610	285	325	1.3	1.3	1.4
Non-official language	555	275	285	1.2	1.2	1.2
Indigenous³⁹	20	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Non-Indigenous	540	270	275	1.2	1.2	1.2
English and French	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	70	30	40	0.2	0.1	0.2
French and non-official language(s)	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	65	30	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	45,450	22,185	23,260	100.0	100.0	100.0
Official languages	45,400	22,160	23,245	99.9	99.9	99.9
English	45,345	22,130	23,215	99.8	99.8	99.8
French	6,395	2,770	3,625	14.1	12.5	15.6
Non-official languages	3,095	1,520	1,570	6.8	6.9	6.7
Indigenous languages³⁹	55	25	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Algonquian languages	55	25	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	50	25	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Mi'kmaq	50	25	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	3,035	1,495	1,540	6.7	6.7	6.6
Afro-Asiatic languages	100	55	45	0.2	0.2	0.2
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	100	55	45	0.2	0.2	0.2
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	80	40	40	0.2	0.2	0.2
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	105	65	40	0.2	0.3	0.2
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	105	65	40	0.2	0.3	0.2
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	1,115	470	640	2.5	2.1	2.8
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	40	10	30	0.1	0.0	0.1
Ilocano	20	15	15	0.0	0.1	0.1
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	25	10	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	1,100	470	630	2.4	2.1	2.7
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	55	50	10	0.1	0.2	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	45	35	10	0.1	0.2	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	15	15	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	1,330	685	645	2.9	3.1	2.8
Albanian	90	50	40	0.2	0.2	0.2
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	100	40	55	0.2	0.2	0.2
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	100	40	55	0.2	0.2	0.2
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	25	10	20	0.1	0.0	0.1
Russian	45	15	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	20	15	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	310	140	170	0.7	0.6	0.7
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	165	70	95	0.4	0.3	0.4
German	160	70	95	0.4	0.3	0.4
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	155	85	70	0.3	0.4	0.3
Afrikaans	65	20	45	0.1	0.1	0.2
Dutch	95	60	30	0.2	0.3	0.1
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	30	10	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Indo-Iranian languages	505	270	235	1.1	1.2	1.0
Indo-Aryan languages	500	270	225	1.1	1.2	1.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	295	165	130	0.6	0.7	0.6
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	470	265	205	1.0	1.2	0.9
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	20	20	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	350	190	155	0.8	0.9	0.7
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	40	30	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Portuguese	50	30	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Romanian	20	15	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
Spanish	250	135	110	0.6	0.6	0.5
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	55	25	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	20	15	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	25	10	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
American Sign Language	25	10	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	235	110	125	0.5	0.5	0.5
Chinese languages	235	110	125	0.5	0.5	0.5
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	120	40	80	0.3	0.2	0.3
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	110	50	55	0.2	0.2	0.2
Chinese, n.o.s.	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	25	10	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	45,450	22,190	23,260	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	1,095	535	565	2.4	2.4	2.4
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	1,020	505	515	2.2	2.3	2.2
First Nations (North American Indian)	715	355	355	1.6	1.6	1.5
Métis	235	115	120	0.5	0.5	0.5
Inuk (Inuit)	75	30	40	0.2	0.1	0.2
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	60	25	35	0.1	0.1	0.2
Non-Indigenous identity	44,350	21,655	22,695	97.6	97.6	97.6
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	45,450	22,190	23,260	100.0	100.0	100.0
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	520	265	260	1.1	1.2	1.1
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	44,925	21,925	23,000	98.8	98.8	98.9
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	19,660	...	...	100.0	...	...
Owner	13,950	...	...	71.0	...	...
Renter	5,635	...	...	28.7	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	80	...	...	0.4	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	19,660	...	...	100.0	...	...
Condominium	370	...	...	1.9	...	...
Not condominium	19,290	...	...	98.1	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	19,660	...	...	100.0	...	...
No bedrooms	35	...	...	0.2	...	...
1 bedroom	1,625	...	...	8.3	...	...
2 bedrooms	5,395	...	...	27.4	...	...
3 bedrooms	7,680	...	...	39.1	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	4,930	...	...	25.1	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	19,660	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	4,320	...	...	22.0	...	...
5 rooms	3,250	...	...	16.5	...	...
6 rooms	3,205	...	...	16.3	...	...
7 rooms	2,820	...	...	14.3	...	...
8 or more rooms	6,060	...	...	30.8	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.5	...	...	6.5	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	19,660	...	...	100.0	...	...
One person or fewer per room	19,505	...	...	99.2	...	...
More than one person per room	160	...	...	0.8	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	19,660	...	...	100.0	...	...
Suitable	19,110	...	...	97.2	...	...
Not suitable	555	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	19,660	...	...	100.0	...	...
1960 or before	5,635	...	...	28.7	...	...
1961 to 1980	5,020	...	...	25.5	...	...
1981 to 1990	2,385	...	...	12.1	...	...
1991 to 2000	2,425	...	...	12.3	...	...
2001 to 2005	1,030	...	...	5.2	...	...
2006 to 2010	990	...	...	5.0	...	...
2011 to 2015	1,040	...	...	5.3	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	1,135	...	...	5.8	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	19,660	...	...	100.0	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	18,110	...	...	92.1	...	...
Major repairs needed	1,545	...	...	7.9	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	19,660	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-maintainer household	9,930	...	...	50.5	...	...
Two-maintainer household	9,115	...	...	46.4	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	620	...	...	3.2	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	19,660	...	...	100.0	...	...
15 to 24 years	510	...	...	2.6	...	...
25 to 34 years	2,230	...	...	11.3	...	...
35 to 44 years	2,560	...	...	13.0	...	...
45 to 54 years	3,435	...	...	17.5	...	...
55 to 64 years	4,290	...	...	21.8	...	...
65 to 74 years	3,850	...	...	19.6	...	...
75 to 84 years	2,065	...	...	10.5	...	...
85 years and over	730	...	...	3.7	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	19,320	...	...	100.0	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	16,860	...	...	87.3	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	2,465	...	...	12.8	...	...
30% to less than 100%	2,290	...	...	11.9	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	19,660	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	4,275	...	...	21.7	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	2,215	...	...	11.3	...	...
Not suitable only	495	...	...	2.5	...	...
Major repairs needed only	1,280	...	...	6.5	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	20	...	...	0.1	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	225	...	...	1.1	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	35	...	...	0.2	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Acceptable housing	15,385	...	...	78.3	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	19,155	...	...	100.0	...	...
In core need	1,350	...	...	7.0	...	...
Not in core need	17,800	...	...	92.9	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	13,735	...	...	...	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	53.1	...	...	53.1	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	6.7	...	...	6.7	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	3.7	...	...	3.7	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	735	...	...	735	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	897	...	...	897	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	230,000	...	...	230,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	253,400	...	...	253,400	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	5,630	...	...	...	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	20.9	...	...	20.9	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	27.5	...	...	27.5	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	15.3	...	...	15.3	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	840	...	...	840	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	875	...	...	875	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	80	...	...	...	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	0.0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	218	...	...	218	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	250	...	...	250	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	45,445	22,190	23,260	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	645	320	325	1.4	1.4	1.4
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	620	315	305	1.4	1.4	1.3
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	520	260	265	1.1	1.2	1.1
Métis single ancestry	75	45	30	0.2	0.2	0.1
Inuit single ancestry	25	10	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	1,265	575	685	2.8	2.6	2.9
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	1,210	550	660	2.7	2.5	2.8
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	945	425	525	2.1	1.9	2.3
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	205	110	100	0.5	0.5	0.4
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	60	20	35	0.1	0.1	0.2
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	50	25	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	45	20	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	43,540	21,295	22,250	95.8	96.0	95.7
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	45,450	22,190	23,260	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	43,230	21,065	22,165	95.1	94.9	95.3
Canadian citizens aged under 18	8,250	4,185	4,070	18.2	18.9	17.5
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	34,980	16,885	18,095	77.0	76.1	77.8
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	2,215	1,120	1,095	4.9	5.0	4.7
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	45,450	22,190	23,260	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	42,205	20,585	21,620	92.9	92.8	92.9
Immigrants⁸¹	2,070	975	1,095	4.6	4.4	4.7
Before 1980	575	275	295	1.3	1.2	1.3
1980 to 1990	140	80	55	0.3	0.4	0.2
1991 to 2000	110	40	70	0.2	0.2	0.3
2001 to 2010	235	95	135	0.5	0.4	0.6
2011 to 2021⁸²	1,015	475	540	2.2	2.1	2.3
2011 to 2015	215	115	95	0.5	0.5	0.4
2016 to 2021	795	355	440	1.7	1.6	1.9
Non-permanent residents⁸³	1,170	630	540	2.6	2.8	2.3
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	2,075	975	1,100	100.0	100.0	100.0
Under 5 years	250	100	145	12.0	10.3	13.2
5 to 14 years	350	175	175	16.9	17.9	15.9
15 to 24 years	390	205	190	18.8	21.0	17.3
25 to 44 years	900	395	510	43.4	40.5	46.4
45 years and over	180	105	75	8.7	10.8	6.8
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	2,075	975	1,100	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	325	150	175	15.7	15.4	15.9
Brazil	15	0	10	0.7	0.0	0.9
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
El Salvador	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyana	10	10	0	0.5	1.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	240	90	145	11.6	9.2	13.2
Other places of birth in Americas	30	25	0	1.4	2.6	0.0
Europe	710	380	335	34.2	39.0	30.5
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	20	0	20	1.0	0.0	1.8
Germany	50	20	35	2.4	2.1	3.2
Greece	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	10	0	0	0.5	0.0	0.0
Italy	10	10	0	0.5	1.0	0.0
Netherlands	85	65	25	4.1	6.7	2.3
Poland	20	15	10	1.0	1.5	0.9
Portugal	30	20	10	1.4	2.1	0.9
Romania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	25	10	10	1.2	1.0	0.9
United Kingdom⁸⁷	300	145	160	14.5	14.9	14.5
Other places of birth in Europe	130	85	50	6.3	8.7	4.5
Africa	115	50	60	5.5	5.1	5.5
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	15	0	0	0.7	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	60	15	45	2.9	1.5	4.1
Other places of birth in Africa	35	25	10	1.7	2.6	0.9
Asia	905	395	515	43.6	40.5	46.8
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	20	10	15	1.0	1.0	1.4
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	60	30	30	2.9	3.1	2.7
Hong Kong⁹¹	25	10	20	1.2	1.0	1.8
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwan	25	0	15	1.2	0.0	1.4
Philippines	595	225	365	28.7	23.1	33.2
Viet Nam	45	35	20	2.2	3.6	1.8
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	80	60	25	3.9	6.2	2.3
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	40	20	25	1.9	2.1	2.3
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	10	0	10	0.5	0.0	0.9
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	795	360	440	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	70	25	40	8.8	6.9	9.1
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	10	0	0	1.3	0.0	0.0
United States of America	40	10	25	5.0	2.8	5.7
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Americas	15	10	0	1.9	2.8	0.0
Europe	55	30	25	6.9	8.3	5.7
France	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	10	0	0	1.3	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Europe	35	20	15	4.4	5.6	3.4
Africa	55	25	30	6.9	6.9	6.8
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	10	0	10	1.3	0.0	2.3
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	15	0	10	1.9	0.0	2.3
Asia	620	275	345	78.0	76.4	78.4
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	30	10	15	3.8	2.8	3.4
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	75	55	25	9.4	15.3	5.7
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	425	160	265	53.5	44.4	60.2
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	30	20	10	3.8	5.6	2.3
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	45,450	22,190	23,260	100.0	100.0	100.0
First generation¹⁰⁰	3,500	1,715	1,785	7.7	7.7	7.7
Second generation¹⁰¹	2,165	1,025	1,140	4.8	4.6	4.9
Third generation or more¹⁰²	39,785	19,450	20,330	87.5	87.7	87.4
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	1,500	700	800	100.0	100.0	100.0
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	1,035	460	575	69.0	65.7	71.9
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	505	230	275	33.7	32.9	34.4
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	530	230	300	35.3	32.9	37.5
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	380	180	200	25.3	25.7	25.0
Refugees¹⁰⁸	80	50	30	5.3	7.1	3.8
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	1,500	700	800	100.0	100.0	100.0
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	10	0	0	0.7	0.0	0.0
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	430	165	265	28.7	23.6	33.1
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	30	15	20	2.0	2.1	2.5
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	160	105	50	10.7	15.0	6.3
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	10	0	0	0.7	0.0	0.0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	870	400	470	58.0	57.1	58.8
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	45,450	22,190	23,260	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	2,650	1,285	1,365	5.8	5.8	5.9
South Asian	590	345	245	1.3	1.6	1.1
Chinese	260	115	145	0.6	0.5	0.6
Black	230	115	115	0.5	0.5	0.5
Filipino	1,165	495	670	2.6	2.2	2.9
Arab	85	55	30	0.2	0.2	0.1
Latin American	75	40	30	0.2	0.2	0.1
Southeast Asian	130	75	60	0.3	0.3	0.3
West Asian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	20	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Japanese	25	10	20	0.1	0.0	0.1
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple visible minorities	50	25	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	42,800	20,905	21,895	94.2	94.2	94.1
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	45,450	22,190	23,260	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian	7,745	3,610	4,140	17.0	16.3	17.8
English	11,345	5,510	5,835	25.0	24.8	25.1
Irish	11,225	5,250	5,980	24.7	23.7	25.7
Scottish	12,795	6,150	6,645	28.2	27.7	28.6
French, n.o.s.¹²²	8,185	4,020	4,165	18.0	18.1	17.9
German	1,735	790	945	3.8	3.6	4.1
Chinese	200	75	125	0.4	0.3	0.5
Italian	400	215	185	0.9	1.0	0.8
Indian (India)	390	240	155	0.9	1.1	0.7
Ukrainian	225	150	75	0.5	0.7	0.3
Dutch	790	400	390	1.7	1.8	1.7
Polish	205	100	110	0.5	0.5	0.5
Québécois	45	25	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	745	360	390	1.6	1.6	1.7
Filipino	1,080	470	610	2.4	2.1	2.6
French Canadian	375	185	190	0.8	0.8	0.8
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	2,200	1,105	1,105	4.8	5.0	4.8
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	605	255	350	1.3	1.1	1.5
Métis	350	175	175	0.8	0.8	0.8
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	675	325	355	1.5	1.5	1.5
Russian	95	35	65	0.2	0.2	0.3
Norwegian	150	70	80	0.3	0.3	0.3
Welsh	625	275	350	1.4	1.2	1.5
Portuguese	110	60	45	0.2	0.3	0.2
American	290	155	135	0.6	0.7	0.6
Spanish	120	50	70	0.3	0.2	0.3
Swedish	75	25	50	0.2	0.1	0.2
Hungarian	85	40	45	0.2	0.2	0.2
Acadian	3,920	1,925	1,990	8.6	8.7	8.6
Pakistani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	35	25	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Jewish	25	20	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Punjabi	135	55	75	0.3	0.2	0.3
Vietnamese	105	65	40	0.2	0.3	0.2
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	55	25	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Jamaican	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	120	55	60	0.3	0.2	0.3
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Korean	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Romanian	40	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Lebanese	45	30	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Iranian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	150	80	70	0.3	0.4	0.3
Danish	160	80	80	0.4	0.4	0.3
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	200	105	90	0.4	0.5	0.4
Sikh	50	45	10	0.1	0.2	0.0
Austrian	40	10	30	0.1	0.0	0.1
Belgian	85	40	40	0.2	0.2	0.2
Haitian	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindu	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexican	55	40	20	0.1	0.2	0.1
Mennonite	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss	50	20	35	0.1	0.1	0.2
Finnish	35	10	25	0.1	0.0	0.1
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	65	30	35	0.1	0.1	0.2
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	570	275	290	1.3	1.2	1.2
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	105	55	55	0.2	0.2	0.2
Muslim	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egyptian	45	10	25	0.1	0.0	0.1
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	20	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	20	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Colombian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moroccan	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	20	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syrian	35	20	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afghan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	60	25	35	0.1	0.1	0.2
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Newfoundlander	125	75	45	0.3	0.3	0.2
Hong Konger	65	35	30	0.1	0.2	0.1
Ontarian	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	110	45	70	0.2	0.2	0.3
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazilian	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	35	20	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwanese	35	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Iraqi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquin	25	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.1
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	30	0	25	0.1	0.0	0.1
South African	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Australian	25	0	25	0.1	0.0	0.1
Palestinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chilean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congolese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nova Scotian	65	30	35	0.1	0.1	0.2
Ethiopian	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peruvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	40	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Maltese	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovenian	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	50	30	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
New Brunswicker	65	35	35	0.1	0.2	0.2
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Canadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israeli	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	20	0	20	0.0	0.0	0.1
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albertan	20	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African American	25	20	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Laotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	10	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Irish	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	50	15	35	0.1	0.1	0.2
British Columbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jatt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dominican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Abenaki	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Zealander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Breton	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania Dutch	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saskatchewanian	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Buddhist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gaspesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norman	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Manitoban	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayali	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Honduran	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cherokee	35	25	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Flemish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Empire Loyalist	45	25	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Senegalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Goan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamileke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Libyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Basque	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igorot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guinean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Prince Edward Islander	1,115	525	590	2.5	2.4	2.5
Maliseet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Beninese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Roma	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tajik	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amhara	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	45,450	22,190	23,260	100.0	100.0	100.0
Buddhist	45	20	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Christian	33,440	15,880	17,565	73.6	71.6	75.5
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	2,190	1,090	1,100	4.8	4.9	4.7
Anabaptist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anglican	1,695	765	930	3.7	3.4	4.0
Baptist	1,205	540	665	2.7	2.4	2.9
Catholic	18,615	9,070	9,550	41.0	40.9	41.1
Christian Orthodox	35	15	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Jehovah's Witness	110	55	60	0.2	0.2	0.3
Latter Day Saints	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Lutheran	40	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	530	235	295	1.2	1.1	1.3
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	240	115	125	0.5	0.5	0.5
Presbyterian	1,410	630	780	3.1	2.8	3.4
Reformed	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Church	5,860	2,660	3,205	12.9	12.0	13.8
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	1,450	670	775	3.2	3.0	3.3
Hindu	160	110	50	0.4	0.5	0.2
Jewish	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Muslim	180	105	80	0.4	0.5	0.3
Sikh	340	170	170	0.7	0.8	0.7
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	205	50	155	0.5	0.2	0.7
No religion and secular perspectives	11,050	5,840	5,205	24.3	26.3	22.4
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	45,060	21,975	23,085	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	40,240	19,675	20,560	89.3	89.5	89.1
Movers	4,825	2,305	2,525	10.7	10.5	10.9
Non-migrants	2,360	1,120	1,245	5.2	5.1	5.4
Migrants	2,470	1,180	1,280	5.5	5.4	5.5
Internal migrants	2,175	1,060	1,110	4.8	4.8	4.8
Intraprovincial migrants	1,130	530	600	2.5	2.4	2.6
Interprovincial migrants	1,040	530	505	2.3	2.4	2.2
External migrants	295	125	170	0.7	0.6	0.7
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	43,465	21,145	22,320	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	26,995	13,205	13,785	62.1	62.4	61.8
Movers	16,480	7,940	8,540	37.9	37.6	38.3
Non-migrants	4,380	2,145	2,235	10.1	10.1	10.0
Migrants	12,095	5,790	6,305	27.8	27.4	28.2
Internal migrants	10,665	5,110	5,560	24.5	24.2	24.9
Intraprovincial migrants	7,165	3,310	3,850	16.5	15.7	17.2
Interprovincial migrants	3,505	1,795	1,710	8.1	8.5	7.7
External migrants	1,430	685	745	3.3	3.2	3.3
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	38,550	18,660	19,890	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	9,070	5,375	3,695	23.5	28.8	18.6
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	29,480	13,290	16,190	76.5	71.2	81.4
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	23,215	11,240	11,975	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	3,325	2,225	1,105	14.3	19.8	9.2
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	19,890	9,015	10,875	85.7	80.2	90.8
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	38,550	18,660	19,890	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	8,325	4,830	3,490	21.6	25.9	17.5
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	12,650	6,190	6,460	32.8	33.2	32.5
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	17,570	7,640	9,935	45.6	40.9	49.9
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	12,470	5,595	6,875	32.3	30.0	34.6
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	2,655	1,970	685	6.9	10.6	3.4
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	1,430	935	495	3.7	5.0	2.5
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	1,225	1,035	190	3.2	5.5	1.0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	8,990	3,355	5,640	23.3	18.0	28.4
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	825	275	545	2.1	1.5	2.7
Bachelor's degree or higher	5,100	2,040	3,060	13.2	10.9	15.4
Bachelor's degree	3,610	1,385	2,225	9.4	7.4	11.2
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	300	130	175	0.8	0.7	0.9
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	140	75	60	0.4	0.4	0.3
Master's degree	980	415	565	2.5	2.2	2.8
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	70	35	35	0.2	0.2	0.2
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	23,210	11,235	11,975	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	3,035	1,995	1,035	13.1	17.8	8.6
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	7,720	3,970	3,755	33.3	35.3	31.4
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	12,455	5,270	7,185	53.7	46.9	60.0
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	8,550	3,840	4,710	36.8	34.2	39.3
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	1,600	1,205	400	6.9	10.7	3.3
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	795	530	260	3.4	4.7	2.2
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	810	670	135	3.5	6.0	1.1
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	6,490	2,475	4,015	28.0	22.0	33.5
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	455	160	300	2.0	1.4	2.5
Bachelor's degree or higher	3,910	1,435	2,475	16.8	12.8	20.7
Bachelor's degree	2,765	980	1,785	11.9	8.7	14.9
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	215	85	135	0.9	0.8	1.1
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	80	35	45	0.3	0.3	0.4
Master's degree	795	305	485	3.4	2.7	4.1
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	50	25	30	0.2	0.2	0.3
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	38,550	18,660	19,890	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	20,980	11,020	9,960	54.4	59.1	50.1
Education	1,300	345	960	3.4	1.8	4.8
13. Education	1,300	345	960	3.4	1.8	4.8
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	275	105	175	0.7	0.6	0.9
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	30	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
50. Visual and performing arts	245	85	160	0.6	0.5	0.8
Humanities	705	310	390	1.8	1.7	2.0
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	30	10	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
23. English language and literature/letters	180	60	120	0.5	0.3	0.6
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	170	65	105	0.4	0.3	0.5
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	15	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
39. Theology and religious vocations	145	100	45	0.4	0.5	0.2
54. History	110	55	45	0.3	0.3	0.2
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	30	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.1
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,250	280	975	3.2	1.5	4.9
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	15	10	10	0.0	0.1	0.1
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	85	15	70	0.2	0.1	0.4
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	385	15	370	1.0	0.1	1.9
22. Legal professions and studies	235	45	190	0.6	0.2	1.0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	45	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
42. Psychology	195	45	150	0.5	0.2	0.8
45. Social sciences	295	130	165	0.8	0.7	0.8
Business, management and public administration	4,545	1,220	3,325	11.8	6.5	16.7
30.16 Accounting and computer science	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
44. Public administration and social service professions	425	80	350	1.1	0.4	1.8
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	4,110	1,145	2,965	10.7	6.1	14.9
Physical and life sciences and technologies	430	175	250	1.1	0.9	1.3
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	165	75	90	0.4	0.4	0.5
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	140	45	95	0.4	0.2	0.5
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
40. Physical sciences	95	50	40	0.2	0.3	0.2
41. Science technologies/technicians	25	0	25	0.1	0.0	0.1
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	590	350	240	1.5	1.9	1.2
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	535	325	215	1.4	1.7	1.1
25. Library science	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
27. Mathematics and statistics	35	25	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	3,790	3,540	250	9.8	19.0	1.3
04. Architecture and related services	50	40	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
14. Engineering	315	275	40	0.8	1.5	0.2
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	760	655	110	2.0	3.5	0.6
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	1,090	1,070	20	2.8	5.7	0.1
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	1,020	980	40	2.6	5.3	0.2
48. Precision production	550	525	30	1.4	2.8	0.2
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	475	295	180	1.2	1.6	0.9
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	335	200	130	0.9	1.1	0.7
03. Natural resources and conservation	130	90	45	0.3	0.5	0.2
Health and related fields	2,990	400	2,595	7.8	2.1	13.0
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	165	65	100	0.4	0.3	0.5
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	2,770	300	2,470	7.2	1.6	12.4
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	45	30	15	0.1	0.2	0.1
Personal, protective and transportation services	1,220	625	595	3.2	3.3	3.0
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	705	165	535	1.8	0.9	2.7
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	30	30	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
43. Security and protective services	155	110	40	0.4	0.6	0.2
49. Transportation and materials moving	325	310	15	0.8	1.7	0.1
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	23,215	11,235	11,975	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	10,755	5,965	4,790	46.3	53.1	40.0
Education	815	220	600	3.5	2.0	5.0
13. Education	815	220	600	3.5	2.0	5.0
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	180	70	105	0.8	0.6	0.9
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
50. Visual and performing arts	155	60	100	0.7	0.5	0.8
Humanities	490	185	305	2.1	1.6	2.5
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	20	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
23. English language and literature/letters	140	30	110	0.6	0.3	0.9
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	110	45	65	0.5	0.4	0.5
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
39. Theology and religious vocations	105	55	45	0.5	0.5	0.4
54. History	75	35	40	0.3	0.3	0.3
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Social and behavioural sciences and law	965	195	775	4.2	1.7	6.5
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	70	20	55	0.3	0.2	0.5
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	285	0	285	1.2	0.0	2.4
22. Legal professions and studies	180	30	150	0.8	0.3	1.3
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	25	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.2
42. Psychology	160	35	125	0.7	0.3	1.0
45. Social sciences	230	95	140	1.0	0.8	1.2
Business, management and public administration	3,255	850	2,405	14.0	7.6	20.1
30.16 Accounting and computer science	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
44. Public administration and social service professions	340	70	270	1.5	0.6	2.3
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	2,910	780	2,130	12.5	6.9	17.8
Physical and life sciences and technologies	285	105	185	1.2	0.9	1.5
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	120	55	70	0.5	0.5	0.6
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	95	30	70	0.4	0.3	0.6
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
40. Physical sciences	55	25	30	0.2	0.2	0.3
41. Science technologies/technicians	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	465	280	185	2.0	2.5	1.5
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	425	265	165	1.8	2.4	1.4
25. Library science	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
27. Mathematics and statistics	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	2,635	2,440	190	11.4	21.7	1.6
04. Architecture and related services	45	30	10	0.2	0.3	0.1
14. Engineering	220	180	40	0.9	1.6	0.3
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	540	470	75	2.3	4.2	0.6
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	750	740	10	3.2	6.6	0.1
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	730	690	40	3.1	6.1	0.3
48. Precision production	350	330	15	1.5	2.9	0.1
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	330	200	130	1.4	1.8	1.1
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	235	135	100	1.0	1.2	0.8
03. Natural resources and conservation	100	60	35	0.4	0.5	0.3
Health and related fields	2,155	305	1,850	9.3	2.7	15.4
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	125	55	70	0.5	0.5	0.6
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	2,000	245	1,755	8.6	2.2	14.7
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Personal, protective and transportation services	880	420	455	3.8	3.7	3.8
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	510	110	400	2.2	1.0	3.3
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	25	25	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
43. Security and protective services	140	100	40	0.6	0.9	0.3
49. Transportation and materials moving	200	185	15	0.9	1.6	0.1
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	23,215	11,235	11,975	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	10,755	5,965	4,790	46.3	53.1	40.0
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	12,455	5,270	7,185	53.7	46.9	60.0
Location of study inside Canada	11,520	4,850	6,670	49.6	43.2	55.7
Same as province or territory of residence	7,530	3,100	4,430	32.4	27.6	37.0
Different than province or territory of residence	3,990	1,750	2,240	17.2	15.6	18.7
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	935	420	520	4.0	3.7	4.3
Americas	135	55	80	0.6	0.5	0.7
United States of America	105	40	65	0.5	0.4	0.5
Mexico	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Cuba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Europe	130	85	45	0.6	0.8	0.4
Belgium	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
France	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germany	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Netherlands	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Switzerland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	25	25	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Europe	20	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Africa	55	25	30	0.2	0.2	0.3
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	45	20	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
Other locations of study in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asia	605	250	360	2.6	2.2	3.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	425	160	260	1.8	1.4	2.2
Viet Nam	40	20	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	60	35	25	0.3	0.3	0.2
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Asia	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Oceania	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Australia	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Zealand	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	38,550	18,660	19,890	...	...	...
In the labour force	24,775	12,815	11,965	...	...	...
Employed	21,845	11,210	10,635	...	...	...
Unemployed	2,930	1,595	1,335	...	...	...
Not in the labour force	13,775	5,850	7,925	...	...	...
Participation rate	64.3	68.7	60.2	64.3	68.7	60.2
Employment rate	56.7	60.1	53.5	56.7	60.1	53.5
Unemployment rate	11.8	12.4	11.2	11.8	12.4	11.2
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	38,550	18,660	19,890	100.0	100.0	100.0
Did not work¹⁸⁶	13,195	5,525	7,675	34.2	29.6	38.6
Worked	25,350	13,135	12,220	65.8	70.4	61.4
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	11,850	6,395	5,455	30.7	34.3	27.4
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	13,500	6,740	6,760	35.0	36.1	34.0
Average weeks worked in reference year	38.1	38.0	38.3	38.1	38.0	38.3
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	24,780	12,810	11,965	100.0	100.0	100.0
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	395	180	220	1.6	1.4	1.8
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	24,375	12,630	11,745	98.4	98.6	98.2
Employee	21,485	10,675	10,810	86.7	83.3	90.3
Permanent position	14,685	7,155	7,535	59.3	55.9	63.0
Temporary position	6,795	3,525	3,270	27.4	27.5	27.3
Fixed term (1 year or more)	965	400	565	3.9	3.1	4.7
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	5,830	3,120	2,705	23.5	24.4	22.6
Self-employed¹⁹²	2,895	1,960	940	11.7	15.3	7.9
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	24,780	12,810	11,965	100.0	100.0	100.0
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	395	180	220	1.6	1.4	1.8
All occupations¹⁹¹	24,375	12,630	11,745	98.4	98.6	98.2
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	165	95	65	0.7	0.7	0.5
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	3,345	785	2,560	13.5	6.1	21.4
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	985	685	300	4.0	5.3	2.5
3 Health occupations	1,800	220	1,580	7.3	1.7	13.2
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	2,305	620	1,685	9.3	4.8	14.1
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	320	130	190	1.3	1.0	1.6
6 Sales and service occupations	5,610	2,030	3,585	22.6	15.8	30.0
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	4,710	4,315	390	19.0	33.7	3.3
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	2,860	2,330	535	11.5	18.2	4.5
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	2,280	1,425	860	9.2	11.1	7.2
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	24,780	12,810	11,965	100.0	100.0	100.0
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	395	180	220	1.6	1.4	1.8
All industries¹⁹¹	24,375	12,630	11,745	98.4	98.6	98.2
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	3,220	2,465	755	13.0	19.2	6.3
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	85	85	0	0.3	0.7	0.0
22 Utilities	45	45	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
23 Construction	1,970	1,775	200	7.9	13.9	1.7
31-33 Manufacturing	3,325	2,210	1,120	13.4	17.3	9.4
41 Wholesale trade	500	370	130	2.0	2.9	1.1
44-45 Retail trade	2,435	1,045	1,385	9.8	8.2	11.6
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	765	580	185	3.1	4.5	1.5
51 Information and cultural industries	165	80	90	0.7	0.6	0.8
52 Finance and insurance	330	90	240	1.3	0.7	2.0
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	190	130	55	0.8	1.0	0.5
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	765	340	425	3.1	2.7	3.6
55 Management of companies and enterprises	20	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	780	415	365	3.1	3.2	3.1
61 Educational services	1,495	485	1,010	6.0	3.8	8.4
62 Health care and social assistance	2,820	415	2,405	11.4	3.2	20.1
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	335	185	145	1.4	1.4	1.2
72 Accommodation and food services	1,645	520	1,125	6.6	4.1	9.4
81 Other services (except public administration)	1,045	555	490	4.2	4.3	4.1
91 Public administration	2,445	830	1,615	9.9	6.5	13.5
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	27,020	13,860	13,160	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	25,535	13,280	12,255	94.5	95.8	93.1
French	450	165	290	1.7	1.2	2.2
Non-official language	40	30	15	0.1	0.2	0.1
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	40	30	15	0.1	0.2	0.1
English and French	810	280	530	3.0	2.0	4.0
English and non-official language(s)	170	105	65	0.6	0.8	0.5
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	27,020	13,860	13,160	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	26,860	13,800	13,060	99.4	99.6	99.2
Official languages	26,805	13,770	13,040	99.2	99.4	99.1
English	26,170	13,555	12,610	96.9	97.8	95.8
French	635	210	430	2.4	1.5	3.3
Non-official languages	55	30	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	50	30	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	40	30	15	0.1	0.2	0.1
Chinese languages	40	30	15	0.1	0.2	0.1
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	30	20	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	160	60	100	0.6	0.4	0.8
English and French	110	25	80	0.4	0.2	0.6
English and non-official language(s)	55	35	15	0.2	0.3	0.1
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	27,020	13,860	13,160	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	26,185	13,525	12,660	96.9	97.6	96.2
English	190	50	140	0.7	0.4	1.1
French	520	205	310	1.9	1.5	2.4
Non-official language	125	75	45	0.5	0.5	0.3
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	115	75	40	0.4	0.5	0.3
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	21,845	11,215	10,630	100.0	100.0	100.0
Worked at home	2,785	1,215	1,570	12.7	10.8	14.8
Worked outside Canada	20	20	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
No fixed workplace address	3,355	2,590	770	15.4	23.1	7.2
Usual place of work	15,680	7,390	8,290	71.8	65.9	78.0
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	15,680	7,390	8,290	100.0	100.0	100.0
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	5,865	2,690	3,180	37.4	36.4	38.4
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	8,415	3,970	4,445	53.7	53.7	53.6
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	1,085	565	520	6.9	7.6	6.3
Commute to a different province or territory	315	165	150	2.0	2.2	1.8
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	19,035	9,980	9,055	100.0	100.0	100.0
Car, truck or van	18,020	9,465	8,550	94.7	94.8	94.4
Car, truck or van - as a driver	16,475	8,835	7,640	86.6	88.5	84.4
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	1,545	635	910	8.1	6.4	10.0
Public transit	80	50	30	0.4	0.5	0.3
Walked	565	275	295	3.0	2.8	3.3
Bicycle	45	30	15	0.2	0.3	0.2
Other method	320	160	165	1.7	1.6	1.8
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	19,035	9,980	9,055	100.0	100.0	100.0
Less than 15 minutes	9,940	4,930	5,010	52.2	49.4	55.3
15 to 29 minutes	5,750	3,085	2,665	30.2	30.9	29.4
30 to 44 minutes	1,760	965	790	9.2	9.7	8.7
45 to 59 minutes	800	490	305	4.2	4.9	3.4
60 minutes and over	780	505	275	4.1	5.1	3.0
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	19,035	9,980	9,055	100.0	100.0	100.0
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	1,340	910	425	7.0	9.1	4.7
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	4,080	2,475	1,610	21.4	24.8	17.8
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	6,235	3,320	2,925	32.8	33.3	32.3
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	3,410	1,235	2,175	17.9	12.4	24.0
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	1,325	475	850	7.0	4.8	9.4
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	2,640	1,565	1,070	13.9	15.7	11.8
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	8,700	4,430	4,270	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	1,135	550	585	13.0	12.4	13.7
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	7,565	3,880	3,685	87.0	87.6	86.3
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	6,575	3,325	3,250	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	880	420	460	13.4	12.6	14.2
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	615	275	340	9.4	8.3	10.5
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	265	145	120	4.0	4.4	3.7
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	5,695	2,905	2,790	86.6	87.4	85.8

Symbol legend

...
not applicable
^r
revised

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 30, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

Language selection

Search and menus

Search

Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Symbol legend

Note(s):

Census Profile, 2021 Census of PopulationProfile table

Add a geography

Add or remove data

Symbol legend

Source

How to cite

Note(s):

Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table