Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	Kings, County (CTY)More information: Prince Edward Island [Census division]
	Counts			Rates
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	18,327	...	...	...	...	...
Population, 2016¹	17,154^r	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	6.8	...	...	6.8	...	...
Total private dwellings²	9,948	...	...	...	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	7,678	...	...	...	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	10.9	...	...	10.9	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	1,687.58	...	...	...	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	18,325	9,070	9,255	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	2,700	1,375	1,330	14.7	15.2	14.4
0 to 4 years	790	400	385	4.3	4.4	4.2
5 to 9 years	925	505	415	5.0	5.6	4.5
10 to 14 years	990	465	525	5.4	5.1	5.7
15 to 64 years	11,300	5,670	5,630	61.7	62.5	60.8
15 to 19 years	1,015	530	485	5.5	5.8	5.2
20 to 24 years	1,000	490	505	5.5	5.4	5.5
25 to 29 years	935	495	435	5.1	5.5	4.7
30 to 34 years	985	475	505	5.4	5.2	5.5
35 to 39 years	995	495	500	5.4	5.5	5.4
40 to 44 years	1,000	510	480	5.5	5.6	5.2
45 to 49 years	1,060	520	535	5.8	5.7	5.8
50 to 54 years	1,215	600	620	6.6	6.6	6.7
55 to 59 years	1,515	755	760	8.3	8.3	8.2
60 to 64 years	1,590	785	800	8.7	8.7	8.6
65 years and over	4,320	2,020	2,295	23.6	22.3	24.8
65 to 69 years	1,415	680	740	7.7	7.5	8.0
70 to 74 years	1,275	640	640	7.0	7.1	6.9
75 to 79 years	780	365	415	4.3	4.0	4.5
80 to 84 years	470	200	270	2.6	2.2	2.9
85 years and over	375	140	235	2.0	1.5	2.5
85 to 89 years	255	105	155	1.4	1.2	1.7
90 to 94 years	95	30	65	0.5	0.3	0.7
95 to 99 years	25	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.2
100 years and over	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	14.7	15.2	14.4	14.7	15.2	14.4
15 to 64 years	61.7	62.5	60.8	61.7	62.5	60.8
65 years and over	23.6	22.3	24.8	23.6	22.3	24.8
85 years and over	2.0	1.5	2.5	2.0	1.5	2.5
Average age of the population	44.8	44.0	45.5	44.8	44.0	45.5
Median age of the population	47.6	46.8	48.8	47.6	46.8	48.8
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	7,680	...	...	100.0	...	...
Single-detached house	6,260	...	...	81.5	...	...
Semi-detached house	200	...	...	2.6	...	...
Row house	165	...	...	2.1	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	75	...	...	1.0	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	475	...	...	6.2	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Other single-attached house	10	...	...	0.1	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	495	...	...	6.4	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	7,680	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 person	2,335	...	...	30.4	...	...
2 persons	3,000	...	...	39.1	...	...
3 persons	1,010	...	...	13.2	...	...
4 persons	795	...	...	10.4	...	...
5 or more persons	535	...	...	7.0	...	...
Number of persons in private households	17,505	8,630	8,875	100.0	100.0	100.0
Average household size	2.3	...	...	2.3	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	15,625	7,695	7,930	100.0	100.0	100.0
Married or living common-law	8,855	4,445	4,415	56.7	57.8	55.7
Married	7,430	3,730	3,700	47.6	48.5	46.7
Living common-law	1,425	715	715	9.1	9.3	9.0
Living common law - Never married	975	490	490	6.2	6.4	6.2
Living common law - Separated	90	45	40	0.6	0.6	0.5
Living common law - Divorced	310	150	155	2.0	1.9	2.0
Living common law - Widowed	55	25	30	0.4	0.3	0.4
Not married and not living common-law	6,765	3,255	3,515	43.3	42.3	44.3
Not married and not living common law - Never married	4,310	2,420	1,890	27.6	31.4	23.8
Not married and not living common law - Separated	475	205	265	3.0	2.7	3.3
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	890	395	495	5.7	5.1	6.2
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	1,095	230	865	7.0	3.0	10.9
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	5,190	...	...	100.0	...	...
2 persons	3,025	...	...	58.3	...	...
3 persons	985	...	...	19.0	...	...
4 persons	730	...	...	14.1	...	...
5 or more persons	445	...	...	8.6	...	...
Average size of census families	2.8	...	...	2.8	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.8	...	...	1.8	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	5,190	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total couple families	4,330	...	...	83.4	...	...
Married couples	3,620	...	...	69.7	...	...
With children⁶	1,535	...	...	29.6	...	...
Without children	2,080	...	...	40.1	...	...
Common-law couples	715	...	...	13.8	...	...
With children⁶	315	...	...	6.1	...	...
Without children	400	...	...	7.7	...	...
Total one-parent families	860	...	...	16.6	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	655	...	...	12.6	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	205	...	...	3.9	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	17,500	8,630	8,875	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total - Persons in census families	14,370	7,125	7,245	82.1	82.6	81.6
Married spouses or common-law partners	8,660	4,330	4,330	49.5	50.2	48.8
Parents in one-parent families	860	200	660	4.9	2.3	7.4
Children⁶	4,845	2,590	2,255	27.7	30.0	25.4
In a two-parent family	3,535	1,865	1,675	20.2	21.6	18.9
In a one-parent family	1,305	730	580	7.5	8.5	6.5
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	3,135	1,500	1,630	17.9	17.4	18.4
Living alone	2,335	1,065	1,265	13.3	12.3	14.3
Living with other relatives⁷	300	125	170	1.7	1.4	1.9
Living with non-relatives only	505	310	195	2.9	3.6	2.2
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	7,675	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	4,800	...	...	62.5	...	...
Couple-family households	4,090	...	...	53.3	...	...
With children⁶	1,735	...	...	22.6	...	...
Without children	2,350	...	...	30.6	...	...
One-parent-family households	710	...	...	9.3	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	130	...	...	1.7	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	20	...	...	0.3	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	150	...	...	2.0	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	240	...	...	3.1	...	...
One-person households	2,335	...	...	30.4	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	14,810	7,265	7,550	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	14,410	7,060	7,350	97.3	97.2	97.4
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	36,800	39,200	34,800	36,800	39,200	34,800
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	14,430	7,075	7,355	97.4	97.4	97.4
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	32,800	34,000	31,400	32,800	34,000	31,400
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	12,720	6,345	6,375	85.9	87.3	84.4
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	25,200	27,600	22,800	25,200	27,600	22,800
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	10,480	5,430	5,045	70.8	74.7	66.8
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	25,000	26,200	24,000	25,000	26,200	24,000
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	12,290	5,890	6,395	83.0	81.1	84.7
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	14,800	15,300	14,300	14,800	15,300	14,300
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	4,645	2,645	2,000	31.4	36.4	26.5
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	10,600	11,600	9,000	10,600	11,600	9,000
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	3,510	1,690	1,820	23.7	23.3	24.1
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,500	6,500	7,000	6,500	6,500	7,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	14,810	7,265	7,550	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	14,415	7,050	7,360	97.3	97.0	97.5
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	43,000	47,760	38,440	43,000	47,760	38,440
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	14,415	7,050	7,365	97.3	97.0	97.5
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	36,680	40,040	33,480	36,680	40,040	33,480
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	12,765	6,320	6,445	86.2	87.0	85.4
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	34,360	39,720	29,120	34,360	39,720	29,120
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	10,480	5,450	5,035	70.8	75.0	66.7
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	32,560	35,560	29,320	32,560	35,560	29,320
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	12,225	5,845	6,375	82.5	80.5	84.4
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	14,840	14,700	14,980	14,840	14,700	14,980
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	4,650	2,525	2,130	31.4	34.8	28.2
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	11,380	12,500	10,050	11,380	12,500	10,050
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	3,325	1,495	1,830	22.5	20.6	24.2
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,950	7,690	8,150	7,950	7,690	8,150
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	14,815	7,265	7,550	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	3,860	1,950	1,915	26.1	26.8	25.4
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	47,200	50,400	44,800	47,200	50,400	44,800
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	52,950	57,350	48,440	52,950	57,350	48,440
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	5,335	2,840	2,495	36.0	39.1	33.0
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	17,600	19,800	15,400	17,600	19,800	15,400
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	22,760	25,720	19,360	22,760	25,720	19,360
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	70.8	74.4	66.2	70.8	74.4	66.2
Employment income (%)¹⁹	55.0	57.5	52.1	55.0	57.5	52.1
Government transfers (%)²⁰	29.3	25.5	33.7	29.3	25.5	33.7
Employment insurance benefits (%)	8.5	9.4	7.6	8.5	9.4	7.6
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	5.2	4.1	6.6	5.2	4.1	6.6
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	4.3	3.4	5.3	4.3	3.4	5.3
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	14,815	7,265	7,545	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without total income	405	205	205	2.7	2.8	2.7
With total income	14,405	7,060	7,345	97.2	97.2	97.3
Under $10,000 (including loss)	985	485	500	6.8	6.9	6.8
$10,000 to $19,999	1,815	785	1,025	12.6	11.1	14.0
$20,000 to $29,999	2,665	1,180	1,490	18.5	16.7	20.3
$30,000 to $39,999	2,555	1,205	1,350	17.7	17.1	18.4
$40,000 to $49,999	2,200	1,065	1,135	15.3	15.1	15.5
$50,000 to $59,999	1,465	760	705	10.2	10.8	9.6
$60,000 to $69,999	895	510	385	6.2	7.2	5.2
$70,000 to $79,999	625	365	260	4.3	5.2	3.5
$80,000 to $89,999	390	195	195	2.7	2.8	2.7
$90,000 to $99,999	255	130	125	1.8	1.8	1.7
$100,000 and over	560	385	170	3.9	5.5	2.3
$100,000 to $149,999	410	270	135	2.8	3.8	1.8
$150,000 and over	145	115	30	1.0	1.6	0.4
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	14,815	7,265	7,545	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without after-tax income	380	190	195	2.6	2.6	2.6
With after-tax income	14,430	7,070	7,355	97.4	97.3	97.5
Under $10,000 (including loss)	1,060	515	545	7.3	7.3	7.4
$10,000 to $19,999	1,945	860	1,085	13.5	12.2	14.8
$20,000 to $29,999	3,305	1,505	1,800	22.9	21.3	24.5
$30,000 to $39,999	3,225	1,560	1,660	22.3	22.1	22.6
$40,000 to $49,999	2,115	1,055	1,065	14.7	14.9	14.5
$50,000 to $59,999	1,210	670	545	8.4	9.5	7.4
$60,000 to $69,999	670	360	310	4.6	5.1	4.2
$70,000 to $79,999	380	190	185	2.6	2.7	2.5
$80,000 to $89,999	180	110	70	1.2	1.6	1.0
$90,000 to $99,999	105	75	30	0.7	1.1	0.4
$100,000 and over	230	170	60	1.6	2.4	0.8
$100,000 to $124,999	135	100	35	0.9	1.4	0.5
$125,000 and over	95	70	25	0.7	1.0	0.3
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	14,815	7,265	7,545	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without employment income	4,335	1,830	2,500	29.3	25.2	33.1
With employment income	10,480	5,435	5,050	70.7	74.8	66.9
Under $5,000 (including loss)	1,435	720	710	13.7	13.2	14.1
$5,000 to $9,999	1,035	470	565	9.9	8.6	11.2
$10,000 to $19,999	2,030	1,075	955	19.4	19.8	18.9
$20,000 to $29,999	1,390	730	655	13.3	13.4	13.0
$30,000 to $39,999	1,205	595	610	11.5	10.9	12.1
$40,000 to $49,999	1,070	515	555	10.2	9.5	11.0
$50,000 to $59,999	730	420	310	7.0	7.7	6.1
$60,000 to $69,999	475	270	200	4.5	5.0	4.0
$70,000 to $79,999	355	190	165	3.4	3.5	3.3
$80,000 to $89,999	245	120	125	2.3	2.2	2.5
$90,000 to $99,999	180	95	85	1.7	1.7	1.7
$100,000 and over	340	235	110	3.2	4.3	2.2
$100,000 to $124,999	175	105	70	1.7	1.9	1.4
$125,000 and over	165	130	40	1.6	2.4	0.8
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	14,810	7,265	7,550	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	14,185	6,955	7,240	95.8	95.7	95.9
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	34,800	38,400	32,400	34,800	38,400	32,400
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	14,200	6,955	7,245	95.9	95.7	96.0
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	31,200	33,200	29,200	31,200	33,200	29,200
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	12,670	6,310	6,355	85.6	86.9	84.2
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	26,800	29,800	23,600	26,800	29,800	23,600
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	10,640	5,470	5,165	71.8	75.3	68.4
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	26,800	28,800	24,800	26,800	28,800	24,800
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	11,495	5,445	6,050	77.6	74.9	80.1
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	12,300	13,100	11,800	12,300	13,100	11,800
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	4,625	2,635	1,995	31.2	36.3	26.4
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	10,300	11,400	9,000	10,300	11,400	9,000
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	14,810	7,265	7,550	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	14,130	6,910	7,220	95.4	95.1	95.6
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	41,520	46,720	36,560	41,520	46,720	36,560
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	14,150	6,910	7,240	95.5	95.1	95.9
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	34,880	38,160	31,720	34,880	38,160	31,720
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	12,655	6,280	6,380	85.4	86.4	84.5
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	35,160	40,680	29,720	35,160	40,680	29,720
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	10,600	5,470	5,130	71.6	75.3	67.9
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	34,320	38,880	29,480	34,320	38,880	29,480
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	11,440	5,415	6,025	77.2	74.5	79.8
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	12,410	12,470	12,350	12,410	12,470	12,350
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	4,650	2,595	2,055	31.4	35.7	27.2
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	10,910	11,510	10,160	10,910	11,510	10,160
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	14,815	7,265	7,550	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	3,810	1,910	1,900	25.7	26.3	25.2
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	45,200	48,400	43,200	45,200	48,400	43,200
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	51,080	56,650	45,480	51,080	56,650	45,480
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	5,095	2,730	2,360	34.4	37.6	31.3
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	20,400	23,800	17,400	20,400	23,800	17,400
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	28,320	33,000	22,900	28,320	33,000	22,900
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	75.8	79.0	71.8	75.8	79.0	71.8
Employment income (%)	62.0	65.8	57.3	62.0	65.8	57.3
Government transfers (%)	24.2	20.9	28.2	24.2	20.9	28.2
Employment insurance benefits (%)	8.6	9.2	7.9	8.6	9.2	7.9
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	7,680	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	68,000	...	...	68,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	59,600	...	...	59,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	2,335	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	33,600	...	...	33,600	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	30,200	...	...	30,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	5,345	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	87,000	...	...	87,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	75,000	...	...	75,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	7,680	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	80,700	...	...	80,700	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	68,900	...	...	68,900	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	2,340	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	38,640	...	...	38,640	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	33,240	...	...	33,240	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	5,340	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	99,200	...	...	99,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	84,600	...	...	84,600	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	7,680	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	80	...	...	1.0	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	40	...	...	0.5	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	115	...	...	1.5	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	150	...	...	2.0	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	520	...	...	6.8	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	335	...	...	4.4	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	365	...	...	4.8	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	455	...	...	5.9	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	360	...	...	4.7	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	355	...	...	4.6	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	620	...	...	8.1	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	570	...	...	7.4	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	595	...	...	7.7	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	535	...	...	7.0	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	445	...	...	5.8	...	...
$100,000 and over	2,140	...	...	27.9	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	840	...	...	10.9	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	570	...	...	7.4	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	490	...	...	6.4	...	...
$200,000 and over	240	...	...	3.1	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	7,680	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	85	...	...	1.1	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	40	...	...	0.5	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	115	...	...	1.5	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	170	...	...	2.2	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	575	...	...	7.5	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	415	...	...	5.4	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	490	...	...	6.4	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	475	...	...	6.2	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	405	...	...	5.3	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	385	...	...	5.0	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	720	...	...	9.4	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	760	...	...	9.9	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	630	...	...	8.2	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	530	...	...	6.9	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	440	...	...	5.7	...	...
$100,000 and over	1,455	...	...	18.9	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	745	...	...	9.7	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	370	...	...	4.8	...	...
$150,000 and over	330	...	...	4.3	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	5,175	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	87,000	...	...	87,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	75,000	...	...	75,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.8	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	2,375	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	78,500	...	...	78,500	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	67,500	...	...	67,500	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	1,870	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	112,000	...	...	112,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	96,000	...	...	96,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	4.0	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	805	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	59,200	...	...	59,200	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	54,000	...	...	54,000	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	2,835	1,375	1,460	...	...	...
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	32,800	34,400	31,600	32,800	34,400	31,600
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	29,600	30,400	28,600	29,600	30,400	28,600
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	5,165	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	99,200	...	...	99,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	84,500	...	...	84,500	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	2,405	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	94,600	...	...	94,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	80,400	...	...	80,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,855	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	120,400	...	...	120,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	101,300	...	...	101,300	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	815	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	65,200	...	...	65,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	58,700	...	...	58,700	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	2,870	1,345	1,515	...	...	...
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	37,640	40,360	35,240	37,640	40,360	35,240
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	32,480	34,400	30,760	32,480	34,400	30,760
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	17,505	8,625	8,880	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	3,270	1,675	1,595	18.7	19.4	18.0
0 to 5 years	970	510	465	5.5	5.9	5.2
18 to 64 years	10,095	4,995	5,100	57.7	57.9	57.4
65 years and over	4,140	1,960	2,180	23.7	22.7	24.5
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	2,800	1,275	1,520	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	590	285	305	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	175	95	80	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	1,245	595	655	...	...	...
65 years and over	960	395	560	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	16.0	14.8	17.1	16.0	14.8	17.1
0 to 17 years (%)	18.1	17.2	19.2	18.1	17.2	19.2
0 to 5 years (%)	18.0	18.4	17.2	18.0	18.4	17.2
18 to 64 years (%)	12.4	11.9	12.8	12.4	11.9	12.8
65 years and over (%)	23.1	20.1	25.8	23.1	20.1	25.8
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	17,480	8,615	8,865	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	3,255	1,670	1,590	18.6	19.4	17.9
0 to 5 years	965	505	460	5.5	5.9	5.2
18 to 64 years	10,085	4,990	5,090	57.7	57.9	57.4
65 years and over	4,140	1,960	2,180	23.7	22.8	24.6
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	610	330	285	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	135	80	60	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	35	25	15	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	420	225	195	...	...	...
65 years and over	50	25	30	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	3.5	3.8	3.2	3.5	3.8	3.2
0 to 17 years (%)	4.1	4.6	3.6	4.1	4.6	3.6
0 to 5 years (%)	4.0	4.8	3.2	4.0	4.8	3.2
18 to 64 years (%)	4.2	4.5	3.8	4.2	4.5	3.8
65 years and over (%)	1.3	1.3	1.3	1.3	1.3	1.3
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	17,505	8,625	8,875	100.0	100.0	100.0
In bottom half of the distribution	11,390	5,545	5,850	65.1	64.3	65.9
In bottom decile	2,310	1,085	1,225	13.2	12.6	13.8
In second decile	2,420	1,130	1,285	13.8	13.1	14.5
In third decile	2,370	1,175	1,200	13.5	13.6	13.5
In fourth decile	2,210	1,115	1,095	12.6	12.9	12.3
In fifth decile	2,080	1,040	1,040	11.9	12.1	11.7
In top half of the distribution	6,110	3,080	3,025	34.9	35.7	34.1
In sixth decile	1,875	945	925	10.7	11.0	10.4
In seventh decile	1,540	770	765	8.8	8.9	8.6
In eighth decile	1,245	610	630	7.1	7.1	7.1
In ninth decile	920	470	450	5.3	5.4	5.1
In top decile	530	275	250	3.0	3.2	2.8
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	17,500	...	...	17,500	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.296	...	...	0.296	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.448	...	...	0.448	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.263	...	...	0.263	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.3	...	...	3.3	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	18,205	9,020	9,185	100.0	100.0	100.0
English only	16,515	8,340	8,175	90.7	92.5	89.0
French only	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
English and French	1,355	575	780	7.4	6.4	8.5
Neither English nor French	320	95	220	1.8	1.1	2.4
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	18,205	9,020	9,185	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	17,645	8,810	8,835	96.9	97.7	96.2
French	220	105	115	1.2	1.2	1.3
English and French	20	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.2
Neither English nor French	315	90	225	1.7	1.0	2.4
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	18,205	9,020	9,185	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	18,090	8,965	9,120	99.4	99.4	99.3
Official languages	16,935	8,335	8,600	93.0	92.4	93.6
English	16,710	8,230	8,480	91.8	91.2	92.3
French	220	105	120	1.2	1.2	1.3
Non-official languages	1,155	630	525	6.3	7.0	5.7
Indigenous languages³⁹	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	1,155	630	520	6.3	7.0	5.7
Afro-Asiatic languages	15	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	15	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	10	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	10	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	15	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	10	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	440	240	200	2.4	2.7	2.2
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	35	15	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Baltic languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Slavic languages	30	15	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	15	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Russian	10	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	280	155	125	1.5	1.7	1.4
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	205	105	95	1.1	1.2	1.0
German	190	100	90	1.0	1.1	1.0
Pennsylvania German	10	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	75	45	30	0.4	0.5	0.3
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	55	35	25	0.3	0.4	0.3
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	15	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Scandinavian languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Danish	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	60	40	25	0.3	0.4	0.3
Indo-Aryan languages	60	35	25	0.3	0.4	0.3
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	45	25	20	0.2	0.3	0.2
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	60	30	30	0.3	0.3	0.3
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	15	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Romanian	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Spanish	35	20	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
American Sign Language	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	635	355	285	3.5	3.9	3.1
Chinese languages	635	355	285	3.5	3.9	3.1
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	615	340	275	3.4	3.8	3.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Chinese, n.o.s.	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	115	50	60	0.6	0.6	0.7
English and French	75	30	40	0.4	0.3	0.4
English and non-official language(s)	35	15	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	18,205	9,020	9,185	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	16,895	8,315	8,580	92.8	92.2	93.4
French	65	35	30	0.4	0.4	0.3
Non-official language	790	455	340	4.3	5.0	3.7
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	790	455	340	4.3	5.0	3.7
English and French	175	80	90	1.0	0.9	1.0
English and non-official language(s)	245	125	120	1.3	1.4	1.3
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	20	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.2
Multiple non-official languages	10	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	18,205	9,020	9,185	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	18,110	8,975	9,135	99.5	99.5	99.5
Official languages	17,205	8,475	8,735	94.5	94.0	95.1
English	17,125	8,430	8,695	94.1	93.5	94.7
French	75	45	35	0.4	0.5	0.4
Non-official languages	900	500	405	4.9	5.5	4.4
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	900	500	405	4.9	5.5	4.4
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	250	135	115	1.4	1.5	1.3
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	155	80	75	0.9	0.9	0.8
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	145	75	70	0.8	0.8	0.8
German	135	65	70	0.7	0.7	0.8
Pennsylvania German	10	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	10	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	10	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	50	35	20	0.3	0.4	0.2
Indo-Aryan languages	50	35	20	0.3	0.4	0.2
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	40	20	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	35	20	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Romanian	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Spanish	20	15	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
American Sign Language	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	625	345	275	3.4	3.8	3.0
Chinese languages	625	345	275	3.4	3.8	3.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	600	340	265	3.3	3.8	2.9
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Chinese, n.o.s.	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	95	40	50	0.5	0.4	0.5
English and French	30	10	20	0.2	0.1	0.2
English and non-official language(s)	60	30	30	0.3	0.3	0.3
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	18,200	9,015	9,185	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	17,835	8,845	8,990	98.0	98.1	97.9
English	85	45	45	0.5	0.5	0.5
French	140	70	65	0.8	0.8	0.7
Non-official language	95	40	50	0.5	0.4	0.5
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Non-Indigenous	90	40	45	0.5	0.4	0.5
English and French	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
English and non-official language(s)	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.2
French and non-official language(s)	15	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	15	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	17,500	8,625	8,875	100.0	100.0	100.0
Official languages	17,420	8,565	8,855	99.5	99.3	99.8
English	17,420	8,565	8,855	99.5	99.3	99.8
French	1,340	575	765	7.7	6.7	8.6
Non-official languages	920	455	470	5.3	5.3	5.3
Indigenous languages³⁹	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
Algonquian languages	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Mi'kmaq	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	910	455	450	5.2	5.3	5.1
Afro-Asiatic languages	50	30	20	0.3	0.3	0.2
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	50	30	20	0.3	0.3	0.2
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	35	20	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	20	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	20	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	670	375	300	3.8	4.3	3.4
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	45	30	20	0.3	0.3	0.2
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	40	25	15	0.2	0.3	0.2
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Russian	20	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	430	245	180	2.5	2.8	2.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	335	200	135	1.9	2.3	1.5
German	335	200	135	1.9	2.3	1.5
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	95	50	45	0.5	0.6	0.5
Afrikaans	20	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Dutch	65	35	35	0.4	0.4	0.4
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	45	30	15	0.3	0.3	0.2
Indo-Aryan languages	45	30	15	0.3	0.3	0.2
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	40	20	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	170	85	80	1.0	1.0	0.9
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	45	25	20	0.3	0.3	0.2
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	135	65	70	0.8	0.8	0.8
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
American Sign Language	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	140	35	100	0.8	0.4	1.1
Chinese languages	140	35	100	0.8	0.4	1.1
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	110	25	85	0.6	0.3	1.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	17,505	8,625	8,875	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	495	240	255	2.8	2.8	2.9
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	480	235	245	2.7	2.7	2.8
First Nations (North American Indian)	285	135	155	1.6	1.6	1.7
Métis	150	85	65	0.9	1.0	0.7
Inuk (Inuit)	45	15	25	0.3	0.2	0.3
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous identity	17,000	8,385	8,620	97.1	97.2	97.1
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	17,505	8,625	8,875	100.0	100.0	100.0
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	170	75	95	1.0	0.9	1.1
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	17,335	8,545	8,780	99.0	99.1	98.9
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	7,675	...	...	100.0	...	...
Owner	6,205	...	...	80.8	...	...
Renter	1,460	...	...	19.0	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	10	...	...	0.1	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	7,675	...	...	100.0	...	...
Condominium	80	...	...	1.0	...	...
Not condominium	7,595	...	...	99.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	7,675	...	...	100.0	...	...
No bedrooms	25	...	...	0.3	...	...
1 bedroom	635	...	...	8.3	...	...
2 bedrooms	1,810	...	...	23.6	...	...
3 bedrooms	3,410	...	...	44.4	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	1,795	...	...	23.4	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	7,675	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	1,415	...	...	18.4	...	...
5 rooms	1,490	...	...	19.4	...	...
6 rooms	1,335	...	...	17.4	...	...
7 rooms	1,250	...	...	16.3	...	...
8 or more rooms	2,185	...	...	28.5	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.5	...	...	6.5	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	7,675	...	...	100.0	...	...
One person or fewer per room	7,625	...	...	99.3	...	...
More than one person per room	50	...	...	0.7	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	7,675	...	...	100.0	...	...
Suitable	7,470	...	...	97.3	...	...
Not suitable	210	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	7,675	...	...	100.0	...	...
1960 or before	2,210	...	...	28.8	...	...
1961 to 1980	2,090	...	...	27.2	...	...
1981 to 1990	1,065	...	...	13.9	...	...
1991 to 2000	760	...	...	9.9	...	...
2001 to 2005	430	...	...	5.6	...	...
2006 to 2010	355	...	...	4.6	...	...
2011 to 2015	315	...	...	4.1	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	450	...	...	5.9	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	7,675	...	...	100.0	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	6,960	...	...	90.7	...	...
Major repairs needed	720	...	...	9.4	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	7,675	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-maintainer household	4,045	...	...	52.7	...	...
Two-maintainer household	3,470	...	...	45.2	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	165	...	...	2.1	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	7,675	...	...	100.0	...	...
15 to 24 years	125	...	...	1.6	...	...
25 to 34 years	725	...	...	9.4	...	...
35 to 44 years	1,060	...	...	13.8	...	...
45 to 54 years	1,180	...	...	15.4	...	...
55 to 64 years	1,800	...	...	23.5	...	...
65 to 74 years	1,675	...	...	21.8	...	...
75 to 84 years	885	...	...	11.5	...	...
85 years and over	220	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	7,505	...	...	100.0	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	6,675	...	...	88.9	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	830	...	...	11.1	...	...
30% to less than 100%	750	...	...	10.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	7,675	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	1,645	...	...	21.4	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	735	...	...	9.6	...	...
Not suitable only	195	...	...	2.5	...	...
Major repairs needed only	605	...	...	7.9	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	95	...	...	1.2	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	20	...	...	0.3	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Acceptable housing	6,035	...	...	78.6	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	7,430	...	...	100.0	...	...
In core need	775	...	...	10.4	...	...
Not in core need	6,660	...	...	89.6	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	6,085	...	...	...	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	47.0	...	...	47.0	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	8.6	...	...	8.6	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	7.8	...	...	7.8	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	620	...	...	620	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	792	...	...	792	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	224,000	...	...	224,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	262,000	...	...	262,000	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	1,465	...	...	...	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	32.4	...	...	32.4	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	21.0	...	...	21.0	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	21.1	...	...	21.1	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	705	...	...	705	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	738	...	...	738	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	10	...	...	...	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	0.0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	x	...	...	x	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	500	...	...	500	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	17,505	8,630	8,880	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	255	125	130	1.5	1.4	1.5
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	255	125	130	1.5	1.4	1.5
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	205	105	100	1.2	1.2	1.1
Métis single ancestry	20	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Inuit single ancestry	30	0	25	0.2	0.0	0.3
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	690	335	355	3.9	3.9	4.0
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	680	330	350	3.9	3.8	3.9
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	545	255	290	3.1	3.0	3.3
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	125	65	65	0.7	0.8	0.7
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	16,560	8,170	8,390	94.6	94.7	94.5
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	17,500	8,625	8,875	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	17,055	8,430	8,625	97.5	97.7	97.2
Canadian citizens aged under 18	3,205	1,690	1,515	18.3	19.6	17.1
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	13,855	6,745	7,110	79.2	78.2	80.1
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	445	190	255	2.5	2.2	2.9
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	17,500	8,625	8,875	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	16,615	8,235	8,380	94.9	95.5	94.4
Immigrants⁸¹	720	325	400	4.1	3.8	4.5
Before 1980	285	125	160	1.6	1.4	1.8
1980 to 1990	80	25	55	0.5	0.3	0.6
1991 to 2000	85	30	55	0.5	0.3	0.6
2001 to 2010	125	60	65	0.7	0.7	0.7
2011 to 2021⁸²	140	80	60	0.8	0.9	0.7
2011 to 2015	40	20	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
2016 to 2021	105	55	50	0.6	0.6	0.6
Non-permanent residents⁸³	170	70	95	1.0	0.8	1.1
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	720	320	395	100.0	100.0	100.0
Under 5 years	100	45	55	13.9	14.1	13.9
5 to 14 years	140	65	70	19.4	20.3	17.7
15 to 24 years	130	55	75	18.1	17.2	19.0
25 to 44 years	245	100	150	34.0	31.3	38.0
45 years and over	105	50	50	14.6	15.6	12.7
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	720	320	395	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	230	70	160	31.9	21.9	40.5
Brazil	15	10	10	2.1	3.1	2.5
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
El Salvador	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyana	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	160	40	125	22.2	12.5	31.6
Other places of birth in Americas	45	25	25	6.3	7.8	6.3
Europe	345	185	165	47.9	57.8	41.8
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	10	0	0	1.4	0.0	0.0
Germany	20	15	10	2.8	4.7	2.5
Greece	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Netherlands	60	40	20	8.3	12.5	5.1
Poland	10	0	0	1.4	0.0	0.0
Portugal	15	0	10	2.1	0.0	2.5
Romania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	165	85	85	22.9	26.6	21.5
Other places of birth in Europe	55	25	35	7.6	7.8	8.9
Africa	55	35	20	7.6	10.9	5.1
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	25	25	0	3.5	7.8	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asia	80	20	55	11.1	6.3	13.9
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	15	0	15	2.1	0.0	3.8
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwan	20	0	15	2.8	0.0	3.8
Philippines	15	0	15	2.1	0.0	3.8
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	10	0	10	1.4	0.0	2.5
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	20	10	10	2.8	3.1	2.5
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	105	55	45	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	25	10	15	23.8	18.2	33.3
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	15	0	15	14.3	0.0	33.3
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Europe	35	20	15	33.3	36.4	33.3
France	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	10	0	0	9.5	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Europe	15	0	10	14.3	0.0	22.2
Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asia	35	20	15	33.3	36.4	33.3
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	10	0	0	9.5	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	10	10	0	9.5	18.2	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	10	0	10	9.5	0.0	22.2
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	17,505	8,625	8,875	100.0	100.0	100.0
First generation¹⁰⁰	970	420	545	5.5	4.9	6.1
Second generation¹⁰¹	900	410	490	5.1	4.8	5.5
Third generation or more¹⁰²	15,640	7,795	7,840	89.3	90.4	88.3
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	430	190	235	100.0	100.0	100.0
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	270	150	120	62.8	78.9	51.1
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	110	70	35	25.6	36.8	14.9
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	165	80	85	38.4	42.1	36.2
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	130	40	100	30.2	21.1	42.6
Refugees¹⁰⁸	10	10	0	2.3	5.3	0.0
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	15	0	15	3.5	0.0	6.4
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	430	190	235	100.0	100.0	100.0
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	105	50	50	24.4	26.3	21.3
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	10	0	10	2.3	0.0	4.3
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	15	10	0	3.5	5.3	0.0
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	305	125	180	70.9	65.8	76.6
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	17,505	8,625	8,875	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	375	155	220	2.1	1.8	2.5
South Asian	55	25	25	0.3	0.3	0.3
Chinese	145	40	105	0.8	0.5	1.2
Black	30	25	10	0.2	0.3	0.1
Filipino	25	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.2
Arab	35	15	25	0.2	0.2	0.3
Latin American	60	30	25	0.3	0.3	0.3
Southeast Asian	25	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
West Asian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple visible minorities	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	17,125	8,475	8,655	97.8	98.3	97.5
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	17,500	8,625	8,875	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian	2,980	1,470	1,505	17.0	17.0	17.0
English	3,825	1,795	2,030	21.9	20.8	22.9
Irish	5,475	2,725	2,750	31.3	31.6	31.0
Scottish	7,875	3,865	4,010	45.0	44.8	45.2
French, n.o.s.¹²²	2,475	1,215	1,260	14.1	14.1	14.2
German	925	420	505	5.3	4.9	5.7
Chinese	145	35	110	0.8	0.4	1.2
Italian	180	105	75	1.0	1.2	0.8
Indian (India)	55	25	30	0.3	0.3	0.3
Ukrainian	90	30	65	0.5	0.3	0.7
Dutch	800	390	410	4.6	4.5	4.6
Polish	95	30	65	0.5	0.3	0.7
Québécois	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	395	225	170	2.3	2.6	1.9
Filipino	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.2
French Canadian	110	45	65	0.6	0.5	0.7
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	620	290	330	3.5	3.4	3.7
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	335	175	155	1.9	2.0	1.7
Métis	145	80	70	0.8	0.9	0.8
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	140	55	85	0.8	0.6	1.0
Russian	70	10	55	0.4	0.1	0.6
Norwegian	100	30	75	0.6	0.3	0.8
Welsh	300	135	165	1.7	1.6	1.9
Portuguese	65	35	25	0.4	0.4	0.3
American	185	85	100	1.1	1.0	1.1
Spanish	50	15	30	0.3	0.2	0.3
Swedish	40	0	35	0.2	0.0	0.4
Hungarian	35	15	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Acadian	490	260	230	2.8	3.0	2.6
Pakistani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	35	10	25	0.2	0.1	0.3
Jewish	30	20	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Punjabi	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	20	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.2
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanese	25	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.2
Iranian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	80	40	40	0.5	0.5	0.5
Danish	60	25	35	0.3	0.3	0.4
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	70	35	35	0.4	0.4	0.4
Sikh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austrian	30	15	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Belgian	90	40	50	0.5	0.5	0.6
Haitian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindu	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Mexican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mennonite	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss	230	145	85	1.3	1.7	1.0
Finnish	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	285	130	155	1.6	1.5	1.7
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	25	0	25	0.1	0.0	0.3
Muslim	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egyptian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Colombian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moroccan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Syrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afghan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Newfoundlander	60	30	35	0.3	0.3	0.4
Hong Konger	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ontarian	35	15	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	45	15	30	0.3	0.2	0.3
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazilian	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Nigerian	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	20	15	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australian	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Palestinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chilean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congolese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nova Scotian	20	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peruvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovenian	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Brunswicker	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Canadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israeli	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albertan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African American	35	10	25	0.2	0.1	0.3
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Laotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
British Columbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jatt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dominican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Abenaki	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Zealander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Breton	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gaspesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norman	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Manitoban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Honduran	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cherokee	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Flemish	15	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Goan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamileke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Libyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Basque	20	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igorot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guinean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Prince Edward Islander	370	185	185	2.1	2.1	2.1
Maliseet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Beninese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Roma	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tajik	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amhara	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	17,505	8,630	8,875	100.0	100.0	100.0
Buddhist	125	25	100	0.7	0.3	1.1
Christian	13,050	6,295	6,750	74.6	72.9	76.1
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	840	435	405	4.8	5.0	4.6
Anabaptist	155	105	45	0.9	1.2	0.5
Anglican	340	160	180	1.9	1.9	2.0
Baptist	815	395	415	4.7	4.6	4.7
Catholic	7,060	3,460	3,595	40.3	40.1	40.5
Christian Orthodox	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jehovah's Witness	160	55	105	0.9	0.6	1.2
Latter Day Saints	20	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.2
Lutheran	75	25	50	0.4	0.3	0.6
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	40	15	25	0.2	0.2	0.3
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	240	110	125	1.4	1.3	1.4
Presbyterian	825	405	425	4.7	4.7	4.8
Reformed	20	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.2
United Church	1,555	680	870	8.9	7.9	9.8
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	920	425	485	5.3	4.9	5.5
Hindu	35	20	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
Jewish	25	15	15	0.1	0.2	0.2
Muslim	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sikh	30	10	15	0.2	0.1	0.2
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	90	30	60	0.5	0.3	0.7
No religion and secular perspectives	4,145	2,225	1,920	23.7	25.8	21.6
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	17,395	8,570	8,830	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	16,015	7,910	8,105	92.1	92.3	91.8
Movers	1,380	655	720	7.9	7.6	8.2
Non-migrants	635	305	330	3.7	3.6	3.7
Migrants	745	355	390	4.3	4.1	4.4
Internal migrants	715	340	375	4.1	4.0	4.2
Intraprovincial migrants	350	160	190	2.0	1.9	2.2
Interprovincial migrants	365	180	185	2.1	2.1	2.1
External migrants	30	15	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	16,710	8,220	8,485	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	11,005	5,465	5,540	65.9	66.5	65.3
Movers	5,705	2,760	2,945	34.1	33.6	34.7
Non-migrants	1,355	670	690	8.1	8.2	8.1
Migrants	4,350	2,090	2,260	26.0	25.4	26.6
Internal migrants	4,050	1,965	2,085	24.2	23.9	24.6
Intraprovincial migrants	2,200	1,005	1,195	13.2	12.2	14.1
Interprovincial migrants	1,855	960	890	11.1	11.7	10.5
External migrants	300	125	170	1.8	1.5	2.0
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	14,815	7,265	7,550	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	3,315	2,110	1,205	22.4	29.0	16.0
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	11,500	5,150	6,345	77.6	70.9	84.0
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	8,940	4,350	4,595	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	1,320	920	400	14.8	21.1	8.7
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	7,625	3,425	4,200	85.3	78.7	91.4
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	14,810	7,260	7,550	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	3,065	1,910	1,155	20.7	26.3	15.3
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	4,640	2,325	2,315	31.3	32.0	30.7
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	7,110	3,025	4,085	48.0	41.7	54.1
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	5,055	2,305	2,745	34.1	31.7	36.4
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	1,210	920	290	8.2	12.7	3.8
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	640	450	190	4.3	6.2	2.5
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	570	470	100	3.8	6.5	1.3
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	3,505	1,280	2,220	23.7	17.6	29.4
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	345	105	240	2.3	1.4	3.2
Bachelor's degree or higher	2,050	715	1,335	13.8	9.8	17.7
Bachelor's degree	1,405	480	925	9.5	6.6	12.3
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	140	55	90	0.9	0.8	1.2
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	25	15	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
Master's degree	435	145	290	2.9	2.0	3.8
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	55	25	25	0.4	0.3	0.3
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	8,945	4,345	4,595	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	1,190	810	385	13.3	18.6	8.4
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	2,765	1,490	1,275	30.9	34.3	27.7
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	4,980	2,050	2,935	55.7	47.2	63.9
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	3,555	1,610	1,940	39.7	37.1	42.2
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	795	630	170	8.9	14.5	3.7
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	410	305	105	4.6	7.0	2.3
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	385	320	60	4.3	7.4	1.3
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	2,590	920	1,665	29.0	21.2	36.2
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	170	65	105	1.9	1.5	2.3
Bachelor's degree or higher	1,430	435	1,000	16.0	10.0	21.8
Bachelor's degree	985	300	685	11.0	6.9	14.9
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	100	45	60	1.1	1.0	1.3
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	15	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.3
Master's degree	300	80	220	3.4	1.8	4.8
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	25	10	20	0.3	0.2	0.4
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	14,810	7,260	7,550	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	7,700	4,240	3,470	52.0	58.4	46.0
Education	510	120	390	3.4	1.7	5.2
13. Education	510	120	390	3.4	1.7	5.2
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	145	65	85	1.0	0.9	1.1
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
50. Visual and performing arts	135	55	80	0.9	0.8	1.1
Humanities	325	155	175	2.2	2.1	2.3
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
23. English language and literature/letters	60	20	40	0.4	0.3	0.5
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	50	15	30	0.3	0.2	0.4
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	25	15	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
39. Theology and religious vocations	65	35	30	0.4	0.5	0.4
54. History	75	55	25	0.5	0.8	0.3
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	20	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.3
Social and behavioural sciences and law	620	145	475	4.2	2.0	6.3
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	60	15	50	0.4	0.2	0.7
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	185	15	170	1.2	0.2	2.3
22. Legal professions and studies	85	15	75	0.6	0.2	1.0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
42. Psychology	110	25	90	0.7	0.3	1.2
45. Social sciences	175	85	90	1.2	1.2	1.2
Business, management and public administration	1,420	290	1,130	9.6	4.0	15.0
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	165	15	155	1.1	0.2	2.1
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	1,250	275	970	8.4	3.8	12.8
Physical and life sciences and technologies	230	90	145	1.6	1.2	1.9
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	145	60	80	1.0	0.8	1.1
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	50	10	40	0.3	0.1	0.5
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
40. Physical sciences	35	15	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	195	110	85	1.3	1.5	1.1
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	170	105	65	1.1	1.4	0.9
25. Library science	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	1,635	1,510	125	11.0	20.8	1.7
04. Architecture and related services	20	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
14. Engineering	100	75	25	0.7	1.0	0.3
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	260	215	45	1.8	3.0	0.6
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	590	565	25	4.0	7.8	0.3
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	405	395	0	2.7	5.4	0.0
48. Precision production	265	255	10	1.8	3.5	0.1
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	225	130	95	1.5	1.8	1.3
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	165	90	70	1.1	1.2	0.9
03. Natural resources and conservation	60	35	30	0.4	0.5	0.4
Health and related fields	1,310	115	1,185	8.8	1.6	15.7
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	65	35	35	0.4	0.5	0.5
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	1,245	85	1,155	8.4	1.2	15.3
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Personal, protective and transportation services	490	290	195	3.3	4.0	2.6
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	225	60	160	1.5	0.8	2.1
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	60	40	20	0.4	0.6	0.3
49. Transportation and materials moving	200	185	20	1.4	2.5	0.3
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	8,945	4,345	4,600	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	3,965	2,295	1,660	44.3	52.8	36.1
Education	275	70	200	3.1	1.6	4.3
13. Education	275	70	200	3.1	1.6	4.3
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	120	50	75	1.3	1.2	1.6
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	15	15	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
50. Visual and performing arts	110	40	70	1.2	0.9	1.5
Humanities	190	80	115	2.1	1.8	2.5
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
23. English language and literature/letters	45	15	35	0.5	0.3	0.8
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	40	15	25	0.4	0.3	0.5
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
39. Theology and religious vocations	40	25	20	0.4	0.6	0.4
54. History	35	20	20	0.4	0.5	0.4
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	15	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.2
Social and behavioural sciences and law	460	65	390	5.1	1.5	8.5
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	35	0	35	0.4	0.0	0.8
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	145	0	140	1.6	0.0	3.0
22. Legal professions and studies	75	0	70	0.8	0.0	1.5
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
42. Psychology	80	15	65	0.9	0.3	1.4
45. Social sciences	110	45	70	1.2	1.0	1.5
Business, management and public administration	1,045	195	855	11.7	4.5	18.6
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	140	15	125	1.6	0.3	2.7
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	905	180	720	10.1	4.1	15.7
Physical and life sciences and technologies	160	50	105	1.8	1.2	2.3
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	95	40	55	1.1	0.9	1.2
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	45	0	40	0.5	0.0	0.9
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
40. Physical sciences	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	155	95	60	1.7	2.2	1.3
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	145	90	50	1.6	2.1	1.1
25. Library science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
27. Mathematics and statistics	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	1,165	1,050	115	13.0	24.2	2.5
04. Architecture and related services	20	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.3
14. Engineering	90	60	30	1.0	1.4	0.7
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	185	145	35	2.1	3.3	0.8
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	420	395	25	4.7	9.1	0.5
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	260	260	0	2.9	6.0	0.0
48. Precision production	195	190	10	2.2	4.4	0.2
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	175	95	80	2.0	2.2	1.7
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	120	65	55	1.3	1.5	1.2
03. Natural resources and conservation	50	30	20	0.6	0.7	0.4
Health and related fields	890	80	810	9.9	1.8	17.6
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	50	25	20	0.6	0.6	0.4
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	840	50	790	9.4	1.2	17.2
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Personal, protective and transportation services	355	220	135	4.0	5.1	2.9
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	175	60	115	2.0	1.4	2.5
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	40	30	15	0.4	0.7	0.3
49. Transportation and materials moving	135	130	10	1.5	3.0	0.2
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	8,945	4,345	4,600	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	3,965	2,295	1,660	44.3	52.8	36.1
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	4,980	2,050	2,935	55.7	47.2	63.8
Location of study inside Canada	4,645	1,900	2,750	51.9	43.7	59.8
Same as province or territory of residence	3,150	1,280	1,870	35.2	29.5	40.7
Different than province or territory of residence	1,495	620	875	16.7	14.3	19.0
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	335	150	185	3.7	3.5	4.0
Americas	130	55	70	1.5	1.3	1.5
United States of America	100	40	60	1.1	0.9	1.3
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Americas	20	15	15	0.2	0.3	0.3
Europe	80	55	25	0.9	1.3	0.5
Belgium	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Netherlands	15	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.2
Switzerland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	40	30	10	0.4	0.7	0.2
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Europe	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asia	115	30	85	1.3	0.7	1.8
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	25	0	20	0.3	0.0	0.4
Taiwan	40	0	35	0.4	0.0	0.8
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	25	15	10	0.3	0.3	0.2
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Zealand	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	14,810	7,260	7,550	...	...	...
In the labour force	9,430	4,870	4,555	...	...	...
Employed	8,320	4,330	3,990	...	...	...
Unemployed	1,110	540	570	...	...	...
Not in the labour force	5,385	2,390	2,995	...	...	...
Participation rate	63.7	67.1	60.3	63.7	67.1	60.3
Employment rate	56.2	59.6	52.8	56.2	59.6	52.8
Unemployment rate	11.8	11.1	12.5	11.8	11.1	12.5
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	14,810	7,260	7,550	100.0	100.0	100.0
Did not work¹⁸⁶	5,285	2,305	2,975	35.7	31.7	39.4
Worked	9,525	4,950	4,570	64.3	68.2	60.5
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	3,970	1,990	1,980	26.8	27.4	26.2
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	5,555	2,960	2,595	37.5	40.8	34.4
Average weeks worked in reference year	36.3	35.2	37.4	36.3	35.2	37.4
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	9,425	4,870	4,560	100.0	100.0	100.0
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	185	85	100	2.0	1.7	2.2
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	9,240	4,780	4,460	98.0	98.2	97.8
Employee	7,585	3,630	3,950	80.5	74.5	86.6
Permanent position	4,560	2,015	2,545	48.4	41.4	55.8
Temporary position	3,025	1,615	1,405	32.1	33.2	30.8
Fixed term (1 year or more)	270	115	160	2.9	2.4	3.5
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	2,755	1,505	1,250	29.2	30.9	27.4
Self-employed¹⁹²	1,655	1,150	505	17.6	23.6	11.1
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	9,425	4,870	4,560	100.0	100.0	100.0
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	185	85	100	2.0	1.7	2.2
All occupations¹⁹¹	9,240	4,780	4,460	98.0	98.2	97.8
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	95	60	35	1.0	1.2	0.8
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	1,030	240	795	10.9	4.9	17.4
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	400	280	115	4.2	5.7	2.5
3 Health occupations	645	45	605	6.8	0.9	13.3
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	940	170	770	10.0	3.5	16.9
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	175	70	105	1.9	1.4	2.3
6 Sales and service occupations	1,795	565	1,230	19.0	11.6	27.0
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	2,030	1,820	205	21.5	37.4	4.5
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	1,600	1,235	365	17.0	25.4	8.0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	535	305	235	5.7	6.3	5.2
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	9,425	4,870	4,560	100.0	100.0	100.0
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	185	85	100	2.0	1.7	2.2
All industries¹⁹¹	9,240	4,780	4,460	98.0	98.2	97.8
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	1,965	1,470	500	20.8	30.2	11.0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	35	25	10	0.4	0.5	0.2
22 Utilities	25	20	0	0.3	0.4	0.0
23 Construction	910	815	95	9.7	16.7	2.1
31-33 Manufacturing	720	450	270	7.6	9.2	5.9
41 Wholesale trade	95	60	40	1.0	1.2	0.9
44-45 Retail trade	780	335	450	8.3	6.9	9.9
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	425	290	130	4.5	6.0	2.9
51 Information and cultural industries	60	30	35	0.6	0.6	0.8
52 Finance and insurance	120	20	100	1.3	0.4	2.2
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	70	25	45	0.7	0.5	1.0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	305	135	170	3.2	2.8	3.7
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	200	105	95	2.1	2.2	2.1
61 Educational services	530	115	415	5.6	2.4	9.1
62 Health care and social assistance	1,085	85	1,000	11.5	1.7	21.9
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	205	110	100	2.2	2.3	2.2
72 Accommodation and food services	435	100	335	4.6	2.1	7.3
81 Other services (except public administration)	465	245	225	4.9	5.0	4.9
91 Public administration	795	350	445	8.4	7.2	9.8
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	10,205	5,300	4,905	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	9,870	5,155	4,715	96.7	97.3	96.1
French	35	10	20	0.3	0.2	0.4
Non-official language	65	20	40	0.6	0.4	0.8
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	65	20	40	0.6	0.4	0.8
English and French	125	50	80	1.2	0.9	1.6
English and non-official language(s)	110	70	40	1.1	1.3	0.8
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	10,205	5,300	4,905	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	10,140	5,260	4,880	99.4	99.2	99.5
Official languages	10,040	5,225	4,820	98.4	98.6	98.3
English	9,980	5,205	4,775	97.8	98.2	97.3
French	60	20	40	0.6	0.4	0.8
Non-official languages	100	40	60	1.0	0.8	1.2
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	100	40	60	1.0	0.8	1.2
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	30	25	10	0.3	0.5	0.2
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	30	25	10	0.3	0.5	0.2
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	30	25	10	0.3	0.5	0.2
German	30	25	10	0.3	0.5	0.2
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	70	15	55	0.7	0.3	1.1
Chinese languages	70	15	55	0.7	0.3	1.1
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	50	10	45	0.5	0.2	0.9
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	60	40	20	0.6	0.8	0.4
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	60	40	20	0.6	0.8	0.4
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	10,205	5,300	4,905	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	10,025	5,220	4,805	98.2	98.5	98.0
English	65	30	35	0.6	0.6	0.7
French	95	35	60	0.9	0.7	1.2
Non-official language	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	8,315	4,330	3,995	100.0	100.0	100.0
Worked at home	1,020	485	535	12.3	11.2	13.4
Worked outside Canada	20	15	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
No fixed workplace address	1,935	1,470	460	23.3	33.9	11.5
Usual place of work	5,345	2,355	2,995	64.3	54.4	75.0
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	5,345	2,355	2,995	100.0	100.0	100.0
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	2,020	860	1,160	37.8	36.5	38.7
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	1,815	780	1,035	34.0	33.1	34.6
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	1,355	635	720	25.4	27.0	24.0
Commute to a different province or territory	155	70	85	2.9	3.0	2.8
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	7,280	3,830	3,455	100.0	100.0	100.0
Car, truck or van	6,910	3,645	3,265	94.9	95.2	94.5
Car, truck or van - as a driver	6,280	3,360	2,920	86.3	87.7	84.5
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	630	285	340	8.7	7.4	9.8
Public transit	35	25	0	0.5	0.7	0.0
Walked	220	85	140	3.0	2.2	4.1
Bicycle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other method	110	65	40	1.5	1.7	1.2
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	7,280	3,830	3,455	100.0	100.0	100.0
Less than 15 minutes	2,910	1,475	1,435	40.0	38.5	41.5
15 to 29 minutes	1,975	1,020	955	27.1	26.6	27.6
30 to 44 minutes	1,240	670	570	17.0	17.5	16.5
45 to 59 minutes	805	440	365	11.1	11.5	10.6
60 minutes and over	350	220	130	4.8	5.7	3.8
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	7,280	3,830	3,455	100.0	100.0	100.0
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	585	360	225	8.0	9.4	6.5
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	1,355	765	595	18.6	20.0	17.2
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	2,250	1,215	1,040	30.9	31.7	30.1
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	1,150	375	770	15.8	9.8	22.3
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	430	145	285	5.9	3.8	8.2
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	1,515	965	545	20.8	25.2	15.8
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	3,340	1,710	1,630	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	315	155	160	9.4	9.1	9.8
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	3,030	1,555	1,475	90.7	90.9	90.5
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	2,485	1,275	1,215	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	245	125	125	9.9	9.8	10.3
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	165	80	80	6.6	6.3	6.6
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	85	40	45	3.4	3.1	3.7
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	2,240	1,155	1,085	90.1	90.6	89.3

Symbol legend

...
not applicable
^r
revised
x
suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 30, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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